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• dnsmasq Client TTL

  - by user548971

  I have a situation where my hosts file is constantly changing. Because of this I don't want clients to cache ip addresses resolved using the hosts file. Here is the command that starts dnsmasq for me: /usr/sbin/dnsmasq -K -R -y -Z -b -E -S 8.8.8.8 -l /tmp/dhcp.leases -r /tmp/resolv.conf.auto --stop-dns-rebind --rebind-localhost-ok --dhcp-range=lan,192.168.2.2,192.168.2.249,255.255.255.0,12h -2 eth0 In looking at this site: http://www.thekelleys.org.uk/dnsmasq/docs/dnsmasq-man.html I see that the -T option has this description: -T, --local-ttl=<time> When replying with information from /etc/hosts or the DHCP leases file dnsmasq by default sets the time-to-live field to zero, meaning that the requester should not itself cache the information. This is the correct thing to do in almost all situations. This option allows a time-to-live (in seconds) to be given for these replies. This will reduce the load on the server at the expense of clients using stale data under some circumstances. My command doesn't have the -T option. Do I need it or does dnsmasq default TTL to zero without it?

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• My nameserver isn't registered?

  - by jflory7

  My problem is that I am trying to set my domain's nameservers to the nameservers of my dedicated server. My domain is hosted by Namecheap, and everytime I try to input the two nameservers for my private server, one of them is rejected for being unregistered. My dedicated server's control panel is managed through Parallels Plesk 11.5, and the nameservers provided to me are one from the actual provider, OVH (sdns1.ovh.ca), and the other is an actual unique nameserver that points directly to my specific dedicated server. Previously, for another domain I own, I was successfully able to get Namecheap to take the nameserver without an error, so I know this is possible. I know that it works for one of my other domains. After being redirected by Namecheap to contact the server provider, I called OVH and they said it was something I would have to do myself. One interesting detail the OVH representative mentioned was that he saw that my port 53 was closed, which is the port that handles DNS. The only problem is that I have no idea or knowledge as how to open this port back up. So, my final question is how can I get this nameserver working in Namecheap to point to my dedicated server? If you need any more details, feel free to ask for clarification.

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• Allow outgoing connections for DNS

  - by Jimmy

  I'm new to IPtables, but I am trying to setup a secure server to host a website and allow SSH. This is what I have so far: #!/bin/sh i=/sbin/iptables # Flush all rules $i -F $i -X # Setup default filter policy $i -P INPUT DROP $i -P OUTPUT DROP $i -P FORWARD DROP # Respond to ping requests $i -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT # Force SYN checks $i -A INPUT -p tcp ! --syn -m state --state NEW -j DROP # Drop all fragments $i -A INPUT -f -j DROP # Drop XMAS packets $i -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL ALL -j DROP # Drop NULL packets $i -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL NONE -j DROP # Stateful inspection $i -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # Allow established connections $i -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # Allow unlimited traffic on loopback $i -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT $i -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT # Open nginx $i -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT $i -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT # Open SSH $i -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT However I've locked down my outgoing connections and it means I can't resolve any DNS. How do I allow that? Also, any other feedback is appreciated. James

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• rDNS for SMTP server locally with Mail hosted by third party

  - by Zleviticus

  Ok We have a difference of opinion on something and wanted to get some expert advice. We host our mail with our main domain "OurDomain.net" with a third part mail provider. We have an in house application that has to be able to send mail out to our clients. The problem is that sometimes the mail is flaky and will stop users from functioning in the program for 30 sec or more and appears to lock up. We have determined that the issue is with the mail piece. One solution is to use Database mail to queue up outbound emails to send out. The other is to set up an intenal SMTP server and send out mail through it. My fear is that we wil not be able to get rDNS to work properly and most of the mail will be blocked by our various client spam filters. Is it possible to set up the DNS for the servers so that we can send mail out like [email protected] using the smtp server in house and still pass the rDNS parameters that are normally set on spam filters? enquiring minds want to know.

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• Google MAIL not arriving - relay not allowed

  - by renevdkooi

  I have a server with sendmail, hosting my domain mind-zone.nl, i changed the MX records to point to the server. When I use Hotmail or any other client the email arrives and everything is fine. ONLY mail from GMAIL server is bounced and gmail returns "relay denied". I have set all the virtual server host settings etc, from command line I can send mails as well, hotmail works, etc. Just not gmail. The strange thing is, this is what gmail returns: Look at the lower part: "Received by" it returns some IP address which is not mine and has absolutely nothing with my domain. While when I do a NSLOOKUP and change to google's DNS server it will state that the IP Address for my domain is correctly pointing at my server. Technical details of permanent failure: Google tried to deliver your message, but it was rejected by the recipient domain. We recommend contacting the other email provider for further information about the cause of this error. The error that the other server returned was: 554 554 5.7.1: Relay access denied (state 14). ----- Original message ----- MIME-Version: 1.0 Received: by 10.14.37.138 with SMTP id y10mr3421504eea.43.1297665573901; Sun, 13 Feb 2011 22:39:33 -0800 (PST) Received: by 10.14.29.75 with HTTP; Sun, 13 Feb 2011 22:39:33 -0800 (PST)

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• sporadic routing to another website when opening a common url

  - by user226098

  I have a strange problem in our office: Sometimes when opening a url from one of our projects random url in any browser not the right website shows up but some other website. In most of the cases it redirects to google.com with some parameters like https://www.google.de/?gfe_rd=cr&ei=krOOU8_kGcSKswadyYDQBw&gws_rd=ssl or just the ugly google 404 page). But today it remains on the origial url but shows up the the content of http://debug.netdna-cdn.com/. This happens about 1 time a week and for no apparent reason. Even stranger it only occurs on a single pc in the network. It now happens on two different computers in the network. Both use windows 8. The problem cannot be fixed by clearing the browser cache but by rebooting the pc or using ipconfig /flushdns. So I think it has something to do with the dns cache of the machine. But I have no idea what the reason is for this and how i can figure out how to solve it. Any ideas?

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• iptables rules to allow HTTP traffic to one domain only

  - by Zenet

  I need to configure my machine as to allow HTTP traffic to/from serverfault.com only. All other websites, services ports are not accessible. I came up with these iptables rules: #drop everything iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P OUTPUT DROP #Now, allow connection to website serverfault.com on port 80 iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -d serverfault.com --dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT #allow loopback iptables -I INPUT 1 -i lo -j ACCEPT It doesn't work quite well: After I drop everything, and move on to rule 3: iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -d serverfault.com --dport 80 -j ACCEPT I get this error: iptables v1.4.4: host/network `serverfault.com' not found Try `iptables -h' or 'iptables --help' for more information. Do you think it is related to DNS? Should I allow it as well? Or should I just put IP addresses in the rules? Do you think what I'm trying to do could be achieved with simpler rules? How? I would appreciate any help or hints on this. Thanks a lot!

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• iptables rules for DNS/Transparent proxy with ip exceptions

  - by SlimSCSI

  I am running a router (A Netgear WNDR3700 if that matters) with dd-wrt. For content filtering I am using OpenDNS. I wanted to make sure a user could not bypass OpenDNS by putting in their own name servers, so I have a rule to catch all DNS traffic. iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i br0 -p all --dport 53 -j DNAT --to $LAN_IP I did have one computer on the network I wanted to allow past OpenDNS filters. On that machine I manually set the name servers, and created another rule to allow it to pass iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -i br0 -s 192.168.1.2 -j ACCEPT This worked well. Today, I installed a transparent proxy (squid) on the router and added these rules: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i br0 -s $LAN_NET -d $LAN_NET -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i br0 -s ! $PROXY_IP -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to $PROXY_IP:$PROXY_PORT iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o br0 -s $LAN_NET -d $PROXY_IP -p tcp -j SNAT --to $LAN_IP iptables -I FORWARD -i br0 -o br0 -s $LAN_NET -d $PROXY_IP -p tcp --dport $PROXY_PORT -j ACCEPT This also works, however the 192.168.1.2 address does not get routed through squid. How can I have 192.168.1.2 (and maybe others in the future) by-pass the port 53 rules, but not the port 80 rules?

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• Directory service unavailiable, new hardware same settings

  - by Alex

  I'm working on a project with 2 sites connected by a VPN. Site 1 has the main server and there is a secondary server at site 2 which I am trying to replace. The current setup works perfectly however I can't for the life of me get the replacement server at site 2 up and running. I'm trying to replace like for like just upgraded hardware. I have installed the OS (all Server 2003 Standard SP2) and used exactly the same settings as the old server. I have setup Active Directory, DNS Server, DHCP Server and WINS Server configured. I have used all the same settings as the old server (except IP address and name). I can access the active directory but I can't do anything; add, edit, delete all returns "the directory service is unavaliable". No-one can login on any of the computers on site 2 and the internet is down. Plugging the old server back in and connecting it to the network rectifies the issue (so both new and old are connected at site 2), everyone can login and the internet is back (curious since the modem connects direct to the switch, and even with the new server online I can connect to the router via IP but not the net). I really don't have much experience but I've been roped into doing this because my company is too cheap to hire a real network admin. Any suggestions of where I can start to troubleshoot this, its driving me crazy and I only have a day before all the users are back on site.

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• No internet through a web browser but Skype still works

  - by kim3er

  We get our office broadband through a BT Business Broadband WiFi router. We have a mixture of macs and windows PC/laptops connecting to it at any one time. All devices are able to connect to the wireless signal with pretty much full signal. However, only two computers (one windows, one os x) are able to consistently connect to the internet. The other three (one windows, two os x), while they can always connect to the wifi, exhibit one of three characteristics. No internet at all. Programs like Skype work, but no internet through a browser. Internet works, but with intermittent lag when switching between different sites. I'm assuming while trying to resolve different addresses. Ignoring point 1 for moment, my gut is telling me DNS. It is an up to 20MB line that usually gets to between 13MB and 15MB downstream. The router is capable of dealing with the amount of wireless devices that we're throwing at it. Has anyone got any suggestions for how I might further diagnose this problem (preferably in OS X)? Rich

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• Some websites hosted on my server cant be reached from some places.

  - by valter

  Hello. I have a bloblem that is causing me headaches to solve. I have a webserver at 100tb.com, running CentOS. I also have these nameservers setted up: 67.213.220.170 ns1.maisturismo.net 67.213.220.171 ns2.maisturismo.net My domain is at Godaddy. I added two Host Summary pointig to the nameserver ips... NS1 to the first IP, and NS2 to the second... Than I changed the nameservers of maisturismo.net to ns1.maisturismo.net and ns2.maisturismo.net http://img20.imageshack.us/i/dnswm.jpg/ Bellow the image showing my dns records to maisturismo.net http://img137.imageshack.us/i/nameservers.jpg/ Its strange... Everythink looks fine, but the webiste is not reachable from [zend2.com][1] proxy, and from some other places, like a friend's house, that dont use the same web provider that I use. I have another nameserver setted up on my server, that have the same problem, All websites that use it cant be reached from zend2.com and from my friends house, except a ".com.br"(Brazillian Domain). Do you have same idea about, what is causing this? I really cant imagine what is the problem... Thanks. [1]: http:// zend2.com

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• Softfail / Failure Notice on SMTP

  - by pascal1954

  Hey, i'm searching for an answer for about 24 hours now and I still can't find any really useful help... The problem appears as the following: I'm running a debian server with Plesk 9.5.3 and qmail. Since a few weeks I'm not able to send mails to some particular servers (like web.de, aol.com). Hence I get failure notices like "Sorry, I wasn't able to establish an SMTP connection." But when I try to send mails to gmail.com - it works! Gmail only reports a softfail in the mail header like so: Received: from h1600XXX.?none? (DOMAIN2.TLD [XX.XXX.XX.XX]) Received-SPF: softfail (google.com: best guess record for domain of transitioning [email protected] does not designate 85.XXX.XX.XX as permitted sender) client-ip=85.XXX.XX.XX This sounds like a dns problem for me, but I can't get an answer for that... What makes me wondering is: h1600XXX is correct, but it should look like h1600XXX.stratoserver.net, not ?none? DOMAIN2.TLD (first line) is different from DOMAIN1 (second line). Both are hosted on this machine, but is this correct? DOMAIN1 is the one I send this mail from. Hopefully someone could help me! If you need more specific information, let me know. Thanks in advance!!! Best regards

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• CNAME vs A records

  - by deb

  I built a small rails app that allow users to make a simple site. It uses subdomain accounts ex: deb.myapp.com Whenever an user wanted to have a domain name associated with their site, they would change their NS records to point to slicehost where the application is hosted and I would manage the DNS records myself. However, as more people are using the application this is not an option for me anymore. I prefer users to keep their nameservers at goddady, register.com, etc, so they can log in and manage their own MX records or whatever else they need to change. My question is, should I have them change the A records to point to my server's ip, or should I have them create a CNAME record? Do they need to delete the default A records to allow the CNAME record to work? Will the A record take precedence and overrule the CNAME record? Thanks in advance. Sorry if this is a very basic question. I've read other posts and I can't find a definite answer.

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• Can't reach only certain websites from my Wifi (with macbook and iphone)

  - by mellin

  I can't access certain websites neither from my macbook nor from my iphone when connected to my Wifi. The same website can be opened from another windows computer connected to the same Wifi. This is what happens when I try to ping it: PING ilpost.it (151.1.175.113): 56 data bytes Request timeout for icmp_seq 0 Request timeout for icmp_seq 1 Request timeout for icmp_seq 2 ... And when I try to traceroute it: host-001:~ j$ traceroute www.ilpost.it traceroute to ilpost.it (151.1.175.113), 64 hops max, 52 byte packets 1 vodafonedslrouter (192.168.1.1) 2.965 ms 0.743 ms 0.745 ms 2 * 2.96.54.77.rev.vodafone.pt (77.54.96.2) 12.076 ms 10.871 ms 3 77.41.30.213.rev.vodafone.pt (213.30.41.77) 14.145 ms 10.693 ms 11.960 ms 4 85.205.11.49 (85.205.11.49) 9.658 ms 8.946 ms 9.085 ms 5 85.205.13.105 (85.205.13.105) 57.497 ms 57.621 ms 48.080 ms 6 188.111.129.17 (188.111.129.17) 49.483 ms 51.338 ms 48.852 ms 7 85.205.25.174 (85.205.25.174) 47.891 ms 49.219 ms 47.821 ms 8 * * * 9 * * * 10 * * * 11 * * * I've flushed my DNS cache but nothing changed. This is quite dramatic as it seems to depend on 85.205.25.174 hop and don't know how to avoid it. Any suggestions? I add that 3 days ago everything worked fine. Then it has stopped.

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• Can't reach only certain websites from my Wifi (with macbook and iphone)

  - by trampj

  I can't access certain websites neither from my macbook nor from my iphone when connected to my Wifi. The same website can be opened from another windows computer connected to the same Wifi. This is what happens when I try to ping it: PING ilpost.it (151.1.175.113): 56 data bytes Request timeout for icmp_seq 0 Request timeout for icmp_seq 1 Request timeout for icmp_seq 2 ... And when I try to traceroute it: host-001:~ j$ traceroute www.ilpost.it traceroute to ilpost.it (151.1.175.113), 64 hops max, 52 byte packets 1 vodafonedslrouter (192.168.1.1) 2.965 ms 0.743 ms 0.745 ms 2 * 2.96.54.77.rev.vodafone.pt (77.54.96.2) 12.076 ms 10.871 ms 3 77.41.30.213.rev.vodafone.pt (213.30.41.77) 14.145 ms 10.693 ms 11.960 ms 4 85.205.11.49 (85.205.11.49) 9.658 ms 8.946 ms 9.085 ms 5 85.205.13.105 (85.205.13.105) 57.497 ms 57.621 ms 48.080 ms 6 188.111.129.17 (188.111.129.17) 49.483 ms 51.338 ms 48.852 ms 7 85.205.25.174 (85.205.25.174) 47.891 ms 49.219 ms 47.821 ms 8 * * * 9 * * * 10 * * * 11 * * * I've flushed my DNS cache but nothing changed. This is quite dramatic as it seems to depend on 85.205.25.174 hop and don't know how to avoid it. Any suggestions? I add that 3 days ago everything worked fine. Then it has stopped.

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• Help - since adding an elastic load balancer to my EC2 web application I cannot connect with the MySQL database (not in AWS)

  - by undefined

  I have a web application that uses an EC2 instance to receive uploaded images, resize and store on S3 and update my MySQL database with the image record. This database is hosted outside Amazon Web Services and so obviously involves communication between the EC2 instance and the database. Images are posted to the upload server from a Flash client which receives the IP address of the upload server when it is loaded and so sends images to 1.12.23.34/resize_script.php This has worked great .. until i started to try and include a load balancer. Since the ELBs do not use an IP address but a DNS address I am now passing this to Flash. Now when I upload images I get the following response from the server - Could not connect to MySQL: Lost connection to MySQL server at 'reading initial communication packet', system error: 111 What might be causing the lost connection to MySQL server. Is there any additional steps I need to take to allow my upload servers to be load balanced? I have set the host property of my MySQL privileges for this user to % any pointers greatly appreciated thanks.

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• Nameserver not resolving or domain not pingable [closed]

  - by Ricky

  Sorry, if anyone can think of a better title please change it! I want to host my own websites from home. For testing purposes, I have a virtual machine running a trial version of Windows Server 2008 Enterprise. Note I currently run a VPS and host my own websites but due to a nice speed upgrade on our line I now want to host from home. I have several domains but I wanted to test with one, that is rickyoleary.com. Our ISP does not provide static IP addresses unless we have a business account so I've been looking at no-ip.com. I admit my networking isn't the best, hence this question but I've been bashing my head all day on this one. I created a host name, muffinbubble.no-ip.org which runs on IP: 86.148.124.15. I've setup IIS on the server with a simple test page. I've then forwarded port 80 traffic from the router and from what I can see, it's working. If I access my website (I was unable to link to this for some reason so please copy and paste this) - http://86.148.124.15/ - I see my test page. So the next step was to create my nameservers. This domain is with namecheap.com so I created my nameservers, ns1.rickyoleary.com and ns2.rickyoleary.com. Both these point to the same IP (and yes, that will be changed after testing), the same IP as above: 86.148.124.15. On the server itself I have set up DNS entries as below which I believe to be correct and added rickyoleary.com and www.rickyoleary.com in the host headers (or bindings) in IIS 7.0. If I try and look up my domain, rickyoleary.com it shows ns1.rickyoleary.com and ns2.rickyoleary.com as the nameservers. I then tried to use just-ping.com on my nameserver ns1.rickyoleary.com. I get 100% packets lost, but the correct IP address is returned (I'm guessing the router does not allow pings, but is still accessible...). I get no response when pinging rickyoleary.com. Here's the problems: I cannot ping ns1.rickyoleary.com or ns2.rickyoleary.com from a command prompt. I'm not sure if this is an issue. When I added the nameservers in Windows Server 2008 and clicked 'resolve' a message box displays stating "No such host is known". I cannot ping rickyoleary.com. rickyoleary.com is not showing my test page on my server. Now - please note, I've waited around 6 hours for propagation. From my experience, although you're told to wait 24 - 48 hours, the changes are normally pretty quick so perhaps I'm being impatient or naive to think it should all be working fine until then. I would really appreciate some help here. Thanks.

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• Intermittent internet access on a flat network - Router is connected

  - by Naveed

  I’m looking for some help with network settings. I’ve just started a new job (non-IT!) and we have problems with our office network. I’m the most IT literate in the organisation (15 permanent employees) and so have been dealing with IT issues. Our main bit of software is web-based so we need constant web access but it sometimes goes down for between 20 minutes and 3 hours despite everything seemingly working fine. It’s a flat network with wireless APs, BT Business Broadband 8Mbit connection and that’s about it. We have no servers and no standard settings and staff are encouraged to bring in their own laptops and connect! The network basically exists to provide internet access and that’s it. We also have students accessing the wireless (and I know there’s a whole list of access and content issues etc but right now we just need internet access stabilised). This is what we have: Building 1 Cisco SLM-224P 24-port PoE 10/100 switch with 2 gigabit ports 3 x ZyXEL NWA-3160 wireless APs Samsung OfficeServ 7100 phone server which borrows the building’s wiring Building 2 Netgear GS605-UK 5-port 10/100/1000 switch 1 x ZyXEL NWA-3160 wireless AP 1 x BT Business Hub – 2wire BT2700hgv – is the DHCP server We have 2 link cables between the buildings. One connects the two switches on a gigabit port. The second (oddly) connects the switch in building 2 to the OfficeServ server in building 1. When the internet goes down I can still access the router through a wireless connection. I can also ping websites and get a response. Firefox just says “Cannot connect” etc. The system then heals itself when it feels like it. (Sorry if this is asking too much but) These are my immediate questions… Why would browser-based internet go down? I don’t know enough about protocols etc but I can try to standardise settings. The WAPs have a DNS server setting and I don’t know whether it should be “None” or “From DHCP”. What should be the DHCP server? The router or the Cisco switch? Or something else?! Would there be any problem in connecting the second link from switch to switch? Is that good practice? Is it worth swapping the Netgear GS605 with either a Cisco SG200-08 or Netgear GS108T-200? Is it worth upgrading the router to, for instance, a Cisco RV042G Dual Gigabit router which would also act as a switch? Or is it better to have a separate router and switch in Building 2?

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• Email can't be sent to my domain

  - by Jack W-H

  Hi Folks, Basically I have my domain howcode.com bought at DomainMonster.com. I have set it all up to point to MediaTemple nameservers and everything works - mostly - fine. I have registered an email address [email protected]. The setup is, I presume, working correctly. I can successfully send emails with the account. And I presume I can receive them - but the problem is, nobody can send them to me. Emailing from a regular, non-Googlemail account appears to work fine but it never arrives in the inbox. But when you email from a GoogleMail address, an error message is instantly returned saying this: Delivery to the following recipient failed permanently: [email protected] Technical details of permanent failure: Google tried to deliver your message, but it was rejected by the recipient domain. We recommend contacting the other email provider for further information about the cause of this error. The error that the other server returned was: 550 550 relay not permitted (state 14). ----- Original message ----- Received: by 10.216.91.12 with SMTP id g12mr3673969wef.77.1271503997091; Sat, 17 Apr 2010 04:33:17 -0700 (PDT) Return-Path: Received: from [192.168.0.3] (client-81-98-94-79.cht-bng-014.adsl.virginmedia.net [81.98.94.79]) by mx.google.com with ESMTPS id x1sm29451927wbx.19.2010.04.17.04.33.15 (version=TLSv1/SSLv3 cipher=RC4-MD5); Sat, 17 Apr 2010 04:33:16 -0700 (PDT) From: Jack Webb-Heller Mime-Version: 1.0 (Apple Message framework v1078) Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=Apple-Mail-7--1008464685 Subject: Re: Hi Date: Sat, 17 Apr 2010 12:33:14 +0100 In-Reply-To: <[email protected] To: Jack Webb-Heller References: <[email protected] Message-Id: <[email protected] X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.1078) Does this work? On 17 Apr 2010, at 12:32, Jack Webb-Heller wrote: Hi I thought this may be something to do with my MX DNS settings. They are setup like so: MX name: howcode.com TTL: 43200 Type: MX Data: 10 mail.howcode.com. The A-Record for mail.howcode.com is setup like this: Name: mail.howcode.com TTL: 43200 Type: A Data: 205.186.187.129 Is this what's going wrong with the issue? Thanks very much Jack

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• Providing reverse records for records that map to ISP IP

  - by thejartender

  I have been instructed to use my ISP ip (as a temporary fix for mapping my name server and domain records as my router dishes out rfc 1918 adresses to devices in my network where I am running an Ubuntu server, my router and my development laptop andso I have fixed: $TTL 3H @ IN SOA ns.thejarbar.org. email. ( 13112012 28800 3600 604800 38400 ); thejarbar.org. IN A 10.0.0.42 @ IN NS ns.thejarbar.org. yuccalaptop IN A 10.0.0.19 ns IN A 10.0.0.42 gw IN A 10.0.0.138 www IN CNAME thejarbar.org. To a temporary version of: $TTL 3H @ IN SOA ns.thejarbar.org. email. ( 13112012 28800 3600 604800 38400 ); thejarbar.org. IN A 88.89.190.171 @ IN NS ns.thejarbar.org. yuccalaptop IN A 10.0.0.19 ns IN A 88.89.190.171 gw IN A 10.0.0.138 www IN CNAME thejarbar.org. I am using bind and when using named-checkzone on this file according to my zone configurations, this file has no errors. I then run dig thejarbar.org @88.89.190.171 and get an expected authorative reply. My issue is creating my reverse DNS SOA zone and I would gratly appreciate assistance and guidance. I am stuck on how to represent the reverse records correctly for the eddresses that map to my isp IP. I am trying: $TTL 3H 0.0.10.in-addr.arpa. IN SOA ns.thejarbar.org. email. ( 13112012 28800 3600 604800 38400 ); 171.190.89.88. IN PTR thejarbar.org. 171.190.89.88. IN NS ns.thejarbar.org. 19 IN PTR yuccalaptop.thejarbar.org. 138 IN PTR gw.thejarbar.org. www IN PTR www.thejarbar.org. But running named-checkzone on this file leaves an erroneous return that IN: has no NS records I would greatly appreciate assistance

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• Choosing my first Domain Registrar?

  - by user36914

  This will be the first domain i've ever registered. So i'm at a loss what to look for. I definitely don't want to go with GoDaddy. Here are my requirements: Must have unlimited email forwards for my domain Easy to transfer away if i choose. Must not be one of those shady registrars that will try to auction your domain at the end. Ability to create sub domains Domain Registration is Private I would like a domain registrar that would let me use my dynamic ip of my ISP (Cable) if i want to. So hopefully they would have some type program that would detect IP changes and update accordingly So i've looked at a variety of registrars so far. The three left were really NameCheap, DreamHost, & DomainMonster. I have heard good things about DreamHost but i think its off the list because they don't give you any information about the features you get when you register your domain with them. They have a "Whats included" button the page but it mainly list the features with hosting not registration. DomainMonster looks pretty cool but i don't see anything about subdomains. Also i would assume they don't have a system for dynamic ip address updating. So you would have to constantly check that your ip of your ISP has changed or not and update it manually. NameCheap also looks nice. There are two things i really like about them. Right on their feature page they list "Free Dynamic DNS With Client" which is pretty cool. They also have a free SSL certificate for the first year. Haven't messed a lot with certificates but this would definitely be something i would use. Only minus i can see is you only get free private whois for the first year. After that its $2.99 which isn't that big of a deal. I'm leaning towards NameCheap now. Is this a good choice. Is there anything else i should be looking at?

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• Why is Denic not accepting my nameservers?

  - by Oliver Salzburg

  I'm currently in the process of moving all of our domains to our own nameservers. Which wasn't an issue until I hit our own .de domain. I (think I) understand the implications of having the NS inside it's own domain, hence the need for glue records. Until yesterday, I would have assumed I have a pretty good understanding of Bind and DNS zones until I was presented with this error from the Denic nameserver predelegation check: Inconsistent set of nameserver IP addresses (NS, provided glues, determined glues) ns2.hartwig-at.de [88.198.242.190/88.198.242.190] Default resolver determined: [], other resolvers determined: {88.198.242.190/88.198.242.190=[/2a01:4f8:d13:3c85:0:0:0:2, /88.198.242.190]} Inconsistent set of nameserver IP addresses (NS, provided glues, determined glues) ns1.hartwig-at.de [cloud.hartwig-at.de/176.221.46.23] Default resolver determined: [], other resolvers determined: {cloud.hartwig-at.de/176.221.46.23=[/2a00:1158:3:0:0:0:0:b6, /176.221.46.23]} Screenshot of the result The support of my registrar is either far better educated than me or doesn't have a clue. Either way, they're avoiding my questions in regards to what this error means. They just tell me Your nameserver has to return your own nameservers as the default resolver. But that doesn't make any sense to me and they refuse to try to explain it any other way. This is the head of my current zone file: @ 86400 IN SOA ns1.hartwig-at.de. hostmaster.hartwig-at.de. ( 2012070505 ; serial 1d ; refresh 3h ; retry 4w ; expiry 1h ) ; minimum 3600 IN NS ns1.hartwig-at.de. 3600 IN NS ns2.hartwig-at.de. 3600 IN MX 10 remote.hartwig-at.de. 3600 IN MX 20 mx1.hartwig-at.de. 3600 IN MX 30 mx2.hartwig-at.de. localhost 3600 IN A 127.0.0.1 localhost 3600 IN AAAA ::1 @ 3600 IN A 176.221.46.23 3600 IN AAAA 2a00:1158:3::b6 * 3600 IN A 176.221.46.23 3600 IN AAAA 2a00:1158:3::b6 hetzner 3600 IN A 88.198.242.190 hetzner 3600 IN AAAA 2a01:4f8:d13:3c85::2 cloud 3600 IN A 176.221.46.23 cloud 3600 IN AAAA 2a00:1158:3::b6 ; List all NS as A/AAAA record ns 3600 IN A 176.221.46.23 ns 3600 IN AAAA 2a00:1158:3::b6 ns1 3600 IN A 176.221.46.23 ns1 3600 IN AAAA 2a00:1158:3::b6 ns2 3600 IN A 88.198.242.190 ns2 3600 IN AAAA 2a01:4f8:d13:3c85::2 So, what is the problem with my zone? And what is the "default resolver"?

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• Is it possible to configure a CDN so that it will step out of the way for a subset of regional IPs?

  - by rwired

  We have a website which targets customers in China, both expat and local Chinese. We have an ICP license which allows us to host in a datacenter inside China. Internet in China is actually as fast as anywhere else (faster than most places actually), so long as the content is served-up within the boundaries of the Great-Firewall. Anything that crosses the wall is horribly slow. The problem is that most expats have some sort of VPN installed so that they can access all the blocked stuff. What this means is that when they access our site, the traffic first has to go out of China through the firewall to their VPN, and then back in. The performance is terrible, worse than if we were just hosting outside of China directly (which we used to do before the ICP was issued). So I want to use a global CDN to mirror the site automatically, but I only want to deliver the content via the CDN if the user's request IP address is outside of China. Inside China I would like the content to be served by our own server. I also want to be careful with the domain names. We currently use www.xxx.com and www.xxx.cn for language selection purposes, as these perform well in SEO on Google (which the expats use), and Baidu (which the locals use). If possible I would like to avoid having one domain on the outside, and the other on the inside since not all expats use a VPN, and some Chinese speakers also use VPNs. Also some of our legitimate customers in both languages are from outside of China. I also don't want to resort to using something like www2.xxx.com/cn for the outside connection if at all possible, since I have worries about duplicate content and canonical URLs ruining our SEO (unless you know of a quick fix for that). CDNs I'm considering are: Google PageSpeed, CloudFlare, Amazon CloudFront. None of which have datacenters inside China. I have complete control of the .com DNS zone records, but the .cn zones are under the control of the domain issuing body in China. I'm not sure at this time if they would allow even a CNAME to point to an IP outside of China (although I don't see why not). They no longer allow outside registrars like they used to.

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• PTR Record Troubles

  - by Physikal

  I am having a hell of a time getting our PTR record right. Our current PTR zone looks like this: $ttl 38400 @ IN SOA ns1.domain.com. admin.domain.com. ( 1268669139 10800 3600 604800 38400 ) xxx.xxx.xxx.in-addr.arpa. IN NS ns2.domain.com. xxx.xxx.xxx.in-addr.arpa. IN NS ns1.domain.com. 97 IN PTR mail.domain.com. xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR mail.domain.com. 97.96/28. IN PTR mail.domain.com For some reason the only thing that works is the 97.96/28. When this line is in there it actually says I have a PTR record when reporting from intodns.com. If I remove that line, it says I have no PTR. I have followed instructions from http://www.philchen.com/2007/04/04/configuring-reverse-dns and when I follow those instructions intodns.com says I have no PTR. When it does work with the line 97.96/28., the PTR kicks back as (from intodns.com) : 97.xxx.xxx.xxx.in-addr.arpa -> mail.domain.com.xxx.xxx.xxx.in-addr.arpa Which is, to my knowledge, an incorrect PTR. I want it to just kick back as mail.domain.com, without the xxx.xxx.xxx.in-addr.arpa extension. I have tried everything I can think of but I can't fix it. I can't help but think it's one of those things that is so stupid and simple I'm going to do the ol'facepalm. Any help is greatly appreciated. Thanks! In the event that the domain zone is needed, here it is: $ttl 38400 @ IN SOA domain.com. [email protected]. ( 1265221037 10800 3600 604800 38400 ) domain.com. IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx www.domain.com. IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx ftp.domain.com. IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx m.domain.com. IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx localhost.domain.com. IN A 127.0.0.1 webmail.domain.com. IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx admin.domain.com. IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx mail.domain.com. IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx domain.com. IN MX 5 mail.domain.com. domain.com. IN TXT "v=spf1 a mx a:domain.com ip4:xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx ?all" domain.com. IN NS ns1 domain.com. IN NS ns2 ns1 IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx ns2 IN A xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx Any double entries in different formats were part of my troubleshooting process.

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• Subdomains, folders, internationalization, and hosting solutions

  - by justinbach

  I'm a web developer and I recently landed a gig to develop the US / international version of a site for a company that's big in Europe but hasn't done much expansion into the US yet. They've got an existing site at company.com, which should remain visible to European customers after the new site goes up, and an existing (not great) site at company.us, which I'm going to be redeveloping (the .us site will be taken down when my version goes up--keep reading for details). My solution needs to take into account the fact that there are going to be new, localized versions of the site in the fairly near future, so the framework I'm writing needs to be able to handle localizations fairly easily (dynamically load language packs, etc). The tricky thing is the European branch of the company manages the .com site hosting (IIS-based) and the DNS, while I'll be managing the US hosting (and future localizations), which will likely be apache-based. I've never been a big fan of the ".us" TLD--I think most US users are accustomed to visiting the .com--so the thought is that the European branch will detect the IP of inbound traffic and redirect all US-based addresses to us.example.com (or whatever the appropriate localized subdomain might be), which would point to the IP address of my host. I'd then serve the appropriate locale-specific content by pulling the subdomain from the $_SERVER superglobal (assuming PHP). I couldn't find any examples of international organizations that take a subdomain-based approach for localization, but I'm not sure I have any other options as a result of the unique hosting structure here (in that there's not a unified hosting solution for the European and US sites). In my experience, the US version of an international site would live at domain.com/us, not at us.domain.com, and I'd imagine that this has to do with SEO (subdomains are treated as separate sites, so improved rankings for the US site wouldn't help the Canadian version if subdomains are used to differentiate between them). My question is: is there a better approach to solving this problem than the one I'm taking? Ideally, I'd like to use a folder-based approach (see adidas.com as an example of what I'm talking about), but I'm not sure that's a possibility given that the US site (and other localizations) will not be hosted on the same server as the rest of the .com. Can you, in IIS, map a folder (e.g. domain.com/us) to a different IP address? What would you recommend? Thanks for your consideration.

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