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• Can you suggest some DIY PC specs for 1) Value, and 2) Future 'upgradability'?

  - by user17381

  Hi, I'm considering building a new desktop PC from components. For the last 7/8 or so years I have almost exlusively used laptops, and so have fallen behind a bit with knowledge of various hardware technologies. Anyway, now I'm considering building a new desktop machine. Mainly for development work, but also would be nice to do a bit of gaming. The two main criteria are: I would like the first build to be relatively low cost. I would like to select components that will allow me to upgrade in the future without throwing too much away. Can anyone recommend a setup? Thanks

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• My WD passport detected but not shown on my computer

  - by Rakesh Patel

  1TB WD harddisk is detected in laptop but drives not visible on my computer. Under disk managment drives shown without letters. Right clicking on these drives give 2 options: Delete volume Help. The same harddisk was running well on the same laptop a day before. It is also showing full size of hard drives, Healthy (Primary Partition) etc. (this happened after harddisk usage by guest). Harddisk is new only (about 5 month usage) Please suggest: Is there hardware related problem inside harddisk, if so is it repairable? Is there any option to recover data?

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• SCSI driver installation trouble

  - by Vicky

  I tried to install the driver of Adaptec 39320A-Ultra 320 SCSI card in Win2003 Server R2 SP2 in a DELL PowerEdge 2950 Server. I selected the driver from the list of drivers present in windows. But it says that the device could not be started(Code 10). I tried to put the card in a system that already had the driver installed. It worked fine. So there is no problem with the hardware. I even tried downloading the driver from the manufacturer website. When I try to select install from path and install that driver, it tell no matching driver found. When I install the default driver from windows, it shows the card in SCSI group of device manager, but with an ! symbol. Also the device ID in driver details was different from that of the one present in other system where it insalled fine. Any suggessions to solve it?

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• PC is randomly shutting off

  - by Bobby

  I have a PC which is randomly shutting off (the hard way, like someone pulled the plug). It's no heat problem, because this can happen after 2 minutes of operation or after 4 hours and I checked the temperature. It's also no problem of the operation system, because it will also do that while in BIOS. If it happens once, you can be sure that it will happen within the next hour another two or three times, and then it works again for over a week or even longer. Possible causes I've thought about so far are: Voltage Fluctuation Loose contact (already replugged all cables within the PC, no luck) Faulty PSU Maybe someone has more ideas to this? P.s.: I don't have the hardware specs with me right now, I'll post them as soon as I get them.

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• Network Server Cabinets - How does the ventilation work?

  - by Nicholas

  Recently I've been looking at a range of network server cabinets with a mesh door at the rear. At the top of the cabinet are ceiling mounted fans with dust filters attached. These fans suck air out of the cabinet - presumably to remove the hot air that has risen to the top. My question is why do these fans have dust filters? What point do they serve? If the air flow is pulled in by these fans through the mesh door, then surely they are not there to protect the hardware inside from dust? Also, there are other minor grilled gaps around the enclosure, how does this kind of ventilation design work?

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• ASA5500 series logging for management interface in transparent mode

  - by ANervousTwitch

  i have a cisco asa5520 in transparent mode. the interface is on the same subnet as some windows machines, which are generating a lot of broadcast traffic that is filling up the logs. is there any way to have it not log that its blocking those packets? its a bunch of these messages: "through-the-device packet to from management-only network is denied: udp src..." im also seeing some of those zeroconf requests that id like to drop logging for. i tried to just put a rule on the management interface, but apparently thats not allowed.

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• Allow access to printer between interfaces on Cisco ASA5510

  - by Jonas Stensved

  I have a Cisco ASA5510 where we have to separate networks on two separate interfaces. The networks have and should have nothing to do with each other except that network B needs to access a printer on network A. Network A: 192.168.137.0/24 Printer: 192.168.137.20 Network B: 192.168.0.0/24 I've added an incoming rule from Network A to the Printer IP in the ASDM interface but clients can't print. Our previous router was configured to let traffic through so the clients on Network B is already configured so it think it should work if the traffic is allowed. How do I let clients on Network B communicate with the printer?

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• SNMP closed state in CentOS

  - by anksoWX

  I'm having a problem here, I've added to my IPtables rules this: -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 161 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 161 -j ACCEPT but when I scan with nmap or any other tool it says this: Not shown: 998 filtered ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 161/tcp closed snmp also when I am doing: netstat -apn | grep snmpd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:199 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3669/snmpd<br> udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:161 0.0.0.0:* 3669/snmpd<br> unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 226186 3669/snmpd Also: service iptables status Table: filter Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) num target prot opt source destination 1 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 2 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 3 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 4 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:161 5 ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW udp dpt:161 6 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22 7 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) num target prot opt source destination 1 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) num target prot opt source destination Any idea what's going on? There is no UDP in closed/open state. what do I have to do?

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• Limiting and redirect port access with useragent

  - by linuxcore

  I'm trying to write iptables string match rule To block http://domain.com:8888 and https://domain.com:8888 when it matches the supplied string in the rule. And another rule to redirect the ports also from 8888 to 7777 I tried following rules but unfortunately didn't work iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 0.0.0.0/0 -m string --string linuxcore --algo bm --sport 8888 -j DROP iptables -t raw -A PREROUTING -m string --algo bm --string linuxcore -p tcp -i eth0 --dport 8888 -j DROP iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 8888 -m string --algo bm --string "linuxcore" -j REDIRECT --to-port 7777 iptables -A INPUT -t nat -p tcp --dport 8888 -m string --algo bm --string "linuxcore" -j DROP I want to do this from iptables not the webserver because the server may not have a webserver and those ports are working on internal proxy or something like ..etc

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• Redirection of outbound UDP port.

  - by pboin

  For my residential service, I changed ISPs to Zoom/Armstrong. Just after that, my NTP daemons stopped working. I dug deep and diagnosed the problem: Unprivileged ports are getting out. When i run 'ntpdate' for example, I go out on a high, unprivleged port, and get a response on UDP 123. That's fine. The 'ntpd' daemon though, expects to go out on 123 and get its reply there as well. This must be a common problem, because it's directly addressed in the NTP troubleshooting guide. Just to see what would happen, I wrote a detailed email to the general support address at Armstrong. They replied almost immediately with a complete technical answer! They have everything <1024 blocked, except for a few ports to support outbound VPN. So, the question: Can I use IPtables to essentially re-write my outbound UDP 123 up to 2123 or something like that? If I do, does there need to be a corresponding 2123-123 rule to translate the reply? This seems like NAT, but with ports, not addresses. I tried, but can't seem to get iptables to do what I want. I'm not sure if it's my lack of skill, or if I'm trying the wrong solution. True, I could run ntpdate from cron, but that loses all of the adjustment smarts of NTP.

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• Unable to create a Windows 7 system image of a failing hard drive

  - by Rahul

  The hard disk of my one year old T400 Thinkpad has started failing periodic hardware tests. I get a "Targeted Read Test Failed" error. The "SMART short self test" times out. I am now trying to create a Windows 7 System image of the hard disk but it fails without giving any specific error messages. I tried using Comodo Backup but got an error (code 101117) there as well. I have copied the important files in Dropbox but would like to take a full System backup as I have plenty of software installed on the machine. Does anyone know why this is happening and how I can take a backup of the system image ?

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• unable to start apache after changes to rc.conf and resov.conf

  - by shupru

  I had a working configuration this morning with the following simple /etc/rc.conf ifconfig_rl0="DHCP" ifconfig_xl="inet 192.168.1.11 netmask 255.255.255." defaultrouter="192.168.1.1" I added the following lines: firewall_enable="YES" firewall_type="SIMPLE" firewall_logging="YES" sshd_enable="YES" apache_enable="YES" mysql_enable="YES" my httpd.conf includes: NameVirtualHost 192.168.1.11 <VirtualHost 192.168.1.11> ... </VirtualHost> now apache and ssh server are down. changed rc.conf back to last working configuration and still no ssh or apache apachectl start #--> /usr/local/sbin/apachectl start: httpd could not be started apachectl status #--> Looking up localhost Making http connection to localhost Alert!: Unable to connect to remote host.

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• How OS comunicates with HW?

  - by Jack

  Hi, how can program runnig on CPU (mostly OS) acess other PC hardware? Such as Graphic card, HDD and so? From what I read, In DOS, this was done using BIOS calls, specifically INT instruction. But, int instruction should only jump to the certain space in RAM. So, how can some program stored in RAM acess other computer HW, when CPU can acess only RAM, and reeive interrupts? And, does windows use int instructions as well, or is there any new way to communicate with HW? Thanks.

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• Using a nat rule to translate 80/443 traffic to web server, but internal users cannot access it using external ip/domain name

  - by Josh

  I am using Cisco ASDM for ASA I have my internal network called soa. My outside interface is called outside. Let's say my outside IP given to me by my ISP isp is y.y.y.y I have a web server inside my network with a static ip of x.x.x.110. I have configured 2 static nat rules (one for http the other for https). Source is x.x.x.110. Interface is outside, service (http or https). Maybe I am doing this wrong, but when I run the packet tracer, I choose outside interface and for the source IP I used 8.8.8.8 and the destination ip is my outside IP address, y.y.y.y When I run that, it shows the packet traversing successfully, using 9 steps. For my other test, I switch to the soa interface, input an ip on that network, and leave the destination the same. This test comes up with 2 steps and then fails on my access list. When I see the rule that fails, it is my catch all which is source: any desitnation: any, service: ip action: deny. What rule do I need to make to allow my soa network access to go out and come back in by my external IP addess (using a domain name attached to that ip in my dns, of course)?

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• Allowing outbound traffic with APF/iptables for OpenVZ container

  - by David

  I have apf installed on a OpenVZ container (proxmox 2.1). The config is pretty much vanilla and things are working. My external services like ssh and http are working. My problem is that all outbound traffic on http/https is blocked. How do I allow all outbound traffic for http/https. If I change EGF to 1 like this, all inbound and outbound traffic gets blocked EGF="1" EG_TCP_CPORTS="21,25,80,443,43,53" EG_UDP_CPORTS="20,21,53" EG_ICMP_TYPES="all" I opened a single outbound rule with the following # /usr/local/sbin/apf -a downloads.wordpress.org How do I allow all outbound traffic on http/https without blocking all traffic? Why would I allow all inbound ssh/http traffic and block all outbound traffic?

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• How did Google get on my Mac?

  - by SamGoody

  Am running a MacBook Pro, and have never installed Chrome, Google Earth, or anything blatantly Google. Just installed Little Snitch (are there no good free firewalls for Mac?) and see that CURL is sending to Google every few minutes, as is a request to Google update and more. Little Snitch doesn't say what program setup these requests. So, how do I find out how G got on my machine, why is it sending so many requests (every minute or so) and how do I remove it (and is it there for reasons other than to help G spy on me)?

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• Which is the best internet security + Antivirus solution for Windows?

  - by metal gear solid

  Which is the best internet security + Antivirus solution for Windows? free/opensource or commercial it doesn't matter I need best solution. Is Kaspersky best ? or any other? http://www.kaspersky.com/kaspersky_internet_security Award-winning technologies in Kaspersky Internet Security 2010 protect you from cybercrime and a wide range of IT threats: * Viruses, Trojans, worms and other malware, spyware and adware * Rootkits, bootkits and other complex threats * Identity theft by keyloggers, screen capture malware or phishing scams * Botnets and various illegal methods of taking control of your PC or Netbook * Zero-day attacks, new fast emerging and unknown threats * Drive-by download infections, network attacks and intrusions * Unwanted, offensive web content and spam

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• amplified reflected attack on dns

  - by Mike Janson

  The term is new to me. So I have a few questions about it. I've heard it mostly happens with DNS servers? How do you protect against it? How do you know if your servers can be used as a victim? This is a configuration issue right? my named conf file include "/etc/rndc.key"; controls { inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { "rndc-key"; }; }; options { /* make named use port 53 for the source of all queries, to allow * firewalls to block all ports except 53: */ // query-source port 53; /* We no longer enable this by default as the dns posion exploit has forced many providers to open up their firewalls a bit */ // Put files that named is allowed to write in the data/ directory: directory "/var/named"; // the default pid-file "/var/run/named/named.pid"; dump-file "data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "data/named_stats.txt"; /* memstatistics-file "data/named_mem_stats.txt"; */ allow-transfer {"none";}; }; logging { /* If you want to enable debugging, eg. using the 'rndc trace' command, * named will try to write the 'named.run' file in the $directory (/var/named"). * By default, SELinux policy does not allow named to modify the /var/named" directory, * so put the default debug log file in data/ : */ channel default_debug { file "data/named.run"; severity dynamic; }; }; view "localhost_resolver" { /* This view sets up named to be a localhost resolver ( caching only nameserver ). * If all you want is a caching-only nameserver, then you need only define this view: */ match-clients { 127.0.0.0/24; }; match-destinations { localhost; }; recursion yes; zone "." IN { type hint; file "/var/named/named.ca"; }; /* these are zones that contain definitions for all the localhost * names and addresses, as recommended in RFC1912 - these names should * ONLY be served to localhost clients: */ include "/var/named/named.rfc1912.zones"; }; view "internal" { /* This view will contain zones you want to serve only to "internal" clients that connect via your directly attached LAN interfaces - "localnets" . */ match-clients { localnets; }; match-destinations { localnets; }; recursion yes; zone "." IN { type hint; file "/var/named/named.ca"; }; // include "/var/named/named.rfc1912.zones"; // you should not serve your rfc1912 names to non-localhost clients. // These are your "authoritative" internal zones, and would probably // also be included in the "localhost_resolver" view above :

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• task manager for Internet usage, I need to block a software accessing a website/web server

  - by Pennf0lio

  I have a software that accesses a website, I want to monitor what website is it accessing and block that website. Is there a software similar to "windows task manager" that allows you to monitor software that accesses a website? I want to know what website/server is it accessing so I could then block it. And Is there an alternative way to block aside from "host" file? Thanks! FYI: running on Win7

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• Why not block ICMP?

  - by Agvorth

  I think I almost have my iptables setup complete on my CentOS 5.3 system. Here is my script... # Establish a clean slate iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -F # Flush all rules iptables -X # Delete all chains # Disable routing. Drop packets if they reach the end of the chain. iptables -P FORWARD DROP # Drop all packets with a bad state iptables -A INPUT -m state --state INVALID -j DROP # Accept any packets that have something to do with ones we've sent on outbound iptables -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # Accept any packets coming or going on localhost (this can be very important) iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT # Accept ICMP iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT # Allow ssh iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # Allow httpd iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT # Allow SSL iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT # Block all other traffic iptables -A INPUT -j DROP For context, this machine is a Virtual Private Server Web app host. In a previous question, Lee B said that I should "lock down ICMP a bit more." Why not just block it altogether? What would happen if I did that (what bad thing would happen)? If I need to not block ICMP, how could I go about locking it down more?

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• Mac failing (failed?) hard drive - is all hope lost?

  - by Daniel

  It's a 500 GB Seagate laptop hard drive that came with my Macbook Pro. Apple partition format. Already replaced and now have it external, connected via SATA/USB adapter. Trying to get just a few files that I worked on while out of town when it crashed (and thus did not have my time machine backup drive). Drive will not mount, but OS X Disk Utility detects it and can read the capacity, model number, and even the name of the partition, which leads me to believe all hope may not be lost. Failed attempts so far: Disk Utility verify+repair says drive cannot be repaired and that I should back up immediately (lovely) Disk Warrior says it cannot rebuild the directory due to hardware failure Data Rescue quick & deep scans immediately failed PhotoRec says "error reading sector" for every sector (at least for the few minutes I let it run before closing it to explore other options) What else can I try here? Again, I'm just looking for a few, small files (python scripts to be specific) - not a full recovery.

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• Is it dangerous to add/remove a hard-drive to a Windows machine which is in stand by?

  - by Adal

  Can I add a SATA drive to a Windows 7 machine which is in standby mode? The hardware supports hot-plug. Could pulling the drive out while in standby corrupt the data on the drive (unflushed caches, ...)? Does Windows flush before standing by? How about swapping a drive with another drive of different kind (SSD - mechanical disk) and size, also while in stand-by. Could the OS when waking up believe that the old drive is still there, and write to it and thus corrupt it, since the new one has different partitions and data?

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• Multi- authentication scenario for a public internet service using Kerberos

  - by StrangeLoop

  I have a public web server which has users coming from internet (via HTTPS) and from a corporate intranet. I wish to use Kerberos authentication for the intranet users so that they would be automatically logged in the web application without the need to provide any login/password (assuming they are already logged to the Windows domain). For the users coming from internet I want to provide traditional basic/form- based authentication. User/password data for these users would be stored internally in a database used by the application. Web application will be configured to use Kerberos authentication for users coming from specific intranet ip networks and basic/form- based authentication will be used for the rest of the users. From a security perspective, are there some risks involved in this kind of setup or is this a generally accepted solution? My understanding is that server doesn't need access to KDC (see Kerberos authentication, service host and access to KDC) and it can be completely isolated from AD and corporate intranet. The server has a keytab file stored locally that is used to decrypt tickets sent by the users coming from intranet. The tickets only contain username and domain of the incoming user. Server never sees the passwords of authenticated users. If the server would be hacked and the keytab file compromised, it would mean that attacker could forge tickets for any domain user and get access to the web application as any user. But typically this is the case anyway if hacker gains access to the keytab file on the local filesystem. The encryption key contained in the keytab file is based on the service account password in AD and is in hashed form, I guess it is very difficult to brute force this password if strong Kerberos encryption like AES-256-SHA1 is used. As the server has no network access to intranet, even the compromised service account couldn't be directly used for anything.

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• Recommend a proxy server for Dropbox

  - by Alan

  Hi, I live in Ch1n@ and use Dropbox extensively...up until it was blocked this last week. Is it possible to use a proxy server with Dropbox? Which ones should I try? Thanks, A

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• iptables, blocking large numbers of IP Addresses

  - by Twirrim

  I'm looking to block IP addresses in a relatively automated fashion if they look to be 'screen scraping' content from websites that we host. In the past this was achieved by some ingenious perl scripts and OpenBSD's pf. pf is great in that you can provide it nice tables of IP addresses and it will efficiently handle blocking based on them. However for various reasons (before my time) they made the decision to switch to CentOS. iptables doesn't natively provide the ability to block large numbers of addresses (I'm told it wasn't unusual to be blocking 5000+), and I'm a bit cautious over adding that many rules into an iptable. ipt_recent would be awesome for doing this, plus it provides a lot of flexibility for just severely slowing down access, but there is a bug in the CentOS kernel that is stopping me from using it (reported, but awaiting fix). Using ipset would entail compiling a more up-to-date version of iptables than comes with CentOS which whilst I'm perfectly capable of doing it, I'd rather not do from a patching, security and consistency perspective. Other than those two it looks like nfblock is a reasonable alternative. Is anyone aware of other ways of achieving this? Are my concerns about several thousand IP addresses in iptables as individual rules unfounded?

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