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• How do I force my std::map to deallocate memory used?

  - by monkeyking

  I'm using a std::map, and I can't seem to free the memory back to the OS. It looks like, int main(){ aMap m; while(keepGoing){ while(fillUpMap){ //populate m } doWhatIwantWithMap(m); m.clear(); //flush some buffered values into map for next iteration flushIntoMap(m); } } Each (fillUpmap) allocates around 1gig, so I'm very much interested in getting this back to my system before it eats up all my memory. Ive experienced the same with std::vector, but there I could force it to free by doing a swap with an empty std::vector. This doesn't work with map. When I use valgrind it says that all memory is freed, so its not a problem with a leak, since everything is cleared up nicely after a run.

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• How do you make your Java application memory efficient?

  - by Boune

  How do you optimize the heap size usage of an application that has a lot (millions) of long-lived objects? (big cache, loading lots of records from a db) Use the right data type Avoid java.lang.String to represent other data types Avoid duplicated objects Use enums if the values are known in advance Use object pools String.intern() (good idea?) Load/keep only the objects you need I am looking for general programming or Java specific answers. No funky compiler switch. Edit: Optimize the memory representation of a POJO that can appear millions of times in the heap. Use cases Load a huge csv file in memory (converted into POJOs) Use hibernate to retrieve million of records from a database Resume of answers: Use flyweight pattern Copy on write Instead of loading 10M objects with 3 properties, is it more efficient to have 3 arrays (or other data structure) of size 10M? (Could be a pain to manipulate data but if you are really short on memory...)

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• Which is faster in memory, ints or chars? And file-mapping or chunk reading?

  - by Nick

  Okay, so I've written a (rather unoptimized) program before to encode images to JPEGs, however, now I am working with MPEG-2 transport streams and the H.264 encoded video within them. Before I dive into programming all of this, I am curious what the fastest way to deal with the actual file is. Currently I am file-mapping the .mts file into memory to work on it, although I am not sure if it would be faster to (for example) read 100 MB of the file into memory in chunks and deal with it that way. These files require a lot of bit-shifting and such to read flags, so I am wondering that when I reference some of the memory if it is faster to read 4 bytes at once as an integer or 1 byte as a character. I thought I read somewhere that x86 processors are optimized to a 4-byte granularity, but I'm not sure if this is true... Thanks!

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• Which of FILE* or ifstream has better memory usage?

  - by Viet

  I need to read fixed number of bytes from files, whose sizes are around 50MB. To be more precise, read a frame from YUV 4:2:0 CIF/QCIF files (~25KB to ~100KB per frame). Not very huge number but I don't want whole file to be in the memory. I'm using C++, in such a case, which of FILE* or ifstream has better (less/minimal) memory usage? Please kindly advise. Thanks! EDIT: I read fixed number of bytes: 25KB or 100KB (depending on QCIF/CIF format). The reading is in binary mode and forward-only. No seeking needed. No writing needed, only reading. EDIT: If identifying better of them is hard, which one does not require loading the whole file into memory?

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• How much memory is reserved when i declare a string?

  - by Bhagya

  What exactly happens, in terms of memory, when i declare something like: char arr[4]; How many bytes are reserved for arr? How is null string accommodated when I 'strcpy' a string of length 4 in arr? I was writing a socket program, and when I tried to suffix NULL at arr[4] (i.e. the 5th memory location), I ended up replacing the values of some other variables of the program (overflow) and got into a big time mess. Any descriptions of how compilers (gcc is what I used) manage memory?

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• How to protect against GHC7 compiled programs taking all memory?

  - by Petr Pudlák

  When playing with various algorithms in Haskell it often happens to me that I create a program with a memory leak, as it often happens with lazy evaluation. The program taking all the memory isn't really fun, I often have difficulty killing it if I realize it too late. When using GHC6 I simply had export GHCRTS='-M384m' in my .bashrc. But in GHC7 they added a security measure that unless a program is compiled with -rtsopts, it simply fails when it is given any RTS option either on a command line argument or in GHCRTS. Unfortunately, almost no Haskell programs are compiled with this flag, so setting this variable makes everything to fail (as I discovered in After upgrading to GHC7, all programs suddenly fail saying "Most RTS options are disabled. Link with -rtsopts to enable them."). Any ideas how to make any use of GHCRTS with GHC7, or another convenient way how to prevent my programs taking all memory?

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• using arrays to get best memory alignment and cache use, is it necessary?

  - by Alberto Toglia

  I'm all about performance these days cause I'm developing my first game engine. I'm no c++ expert but after some research I discovered the importance of the cache and the memory alignment. Basically what I found is that it is recommended to have memory well aligned specially if you need to access them together, for example in a loop. Now, In my project I'm doing my Game Object Manager, and I was thinking to have an array of GameObjects references. meaning I would have the actual memory of my objects one after the other. static const size_t MaxNumberGameObjects = 20; GameObject mGameObjects[MaxNumberGameObjects]; But, as I will be having a list of components per object -Component based design- (Mesh, RigidBody, Transformation, etc), will I be gaining something with the array at all? Anyway, I have seen some people just using a simple std::map for storing game objects. So what do you guys think? Am I better off using a pure component model?

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• Under Windows CE, how can I check which RAM based DLLs are loaded in virtual memory space?

  - by Michal Drozdowicz

  I have a problem with loading a DLL under Windows Mobile 5.0. I'm pretty confident that this is caused by running out of the application virtual memory (the 32 MB slot of the process, as explained in Windows CE .NET Advanced Memory Management). I'm looking for a way to actually make sure that this is the issue and investigate whether my efforts bring expected results. Do you know of a way to check the contents of the virtual memory application slot? Any applications that can help me with this task?

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• Why and How to avoid Event Handler memory leaks ?

  - by gillyb

  Hey There, I just came to realize, by reading some questions and answers on StackOverflow, that adding event handlers using += in C# (or i guess, other .net languages) can cause common memory leaks... I have used event handlers like this in the past many times, and never realized that they can cause, or have caused, memory leaks in my applications. How does this work (meaning, why does this actually cause a memory leak) ? How can I fix this problem ? Is using -= to the same event handler enough ? Are there common design patterns or best practices for handling situations like this ? Example : How am I supposed to handle an application that has many different threads, using many different event handlers to raise several events on the UI ? Are there any good and simple ways to monitor this efficiently in an already built big application ? Thanks in advance!

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• How to manage memory for ios with large csv files?

  - by Pell000

  I'm new to ios development, and I'm running into issues relating to memory management and my approaches to dealing with large datasets. Right now, I am loading the csv files and storing the relevant data as objects in memory at app initialization. Some of the csv files are larger than 1MB, and in total, my app uses about 180MB of memory. This is obviously way too high of a number (unless the info I found is wrong and this is an acceptable number, then please let me know). I feel as though there is a fundamental flaw in my approach: is there a way I can avoid storing the csv files in the project itself? Or, is there a kind of "lazy" loading I can do so that I can simply look up info in the csv file, as opposed to loading all of the data from it at once? Any help would do. I think that I need a new perspective in how to manage this more efficiently.

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• How to interpret output from Linux 'top' command?

  - by Ali

  Following a discussion made HERE about how PHP-FPM consuming memory, I just found a problem in reading the memory in top command. Here is a screenshot of my top just after restarting PHP-FPM. Everything is normal: about 20 PHP-FPM processes, each consuming 5.5MB memory (0.3% of total). Here is the aged server right before restart of PHP-FPM (one day after the previous restart). Here, we still have about 25 PHP-FPM with double memory usage (10MB indicating 0.5% of total). Thus, the total memory used should be 600-700 MB. Then, why 1.6GB memory has been used?

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• 'Memory read error',Sever hardware error?

  - by wss8848

  hello I got a error about my server which is running CentOS5.5. MCE 20 HARDWARE ERROR. This is *NOT* a software problem! Please contact your hardware vendor CPU 1 BANK 8 TSC 6ab9ff9745f62 [at 2394 Mhz 9 days 1:50:52 uptime (unreliable)] MISC cf36ad0100081186 ADDR 203376500 MCG status: MCi status: MCi_MISC register valid MCi_ADDR register valid MCA: MEMORY CONTROLLER RD_CHANNELunspecified_ERR Transaction: Memory read error STATUS 8c0000400001009f MCGSTATUS 0 what is the matter? is memory card error or memory controller error?

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• Apache consuming large memory with Apache Mobile Filter

  - by VarunGupta

  I installed and configured Apache Mobile Filter module for Apache to redirect users to mobile version of our website, depending on their user agents. I configured the module to use WURFL. But as soon as I start Apache it hogs a large amount of memory (without any in-coming web requests): Resident Memory: 300 to 400 MB Virtual Memory: 300 to 650 MB Without this module, Apache was consuming much lesser memory (4 to 10 MB). What could be the reason here?

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• Strategy for avoiding duplicate object ids for data shared across devices using iCloud

  - by rmaddy

  I have a data intensive iOS app that is not using CoreData nor does it support iCloud synching (yet). All of my objects are created with unique keys. I use a simple long long initialized with the current time. Then as I need a new key I increment the value by 1. This has all worked well for a few years with the app running isolated on a single device. Now I want to add support for automatic data sync across devices using iCloud. As my app is written, there is the possibility that two objects created on two different devices could end up with the same key. I need to avoid this possibility. I'm looking for ideas for solving this issue. I have a few requirements that the solution must meet: 1) The key needs to remain a single integral data type. Converting all existing keys to a compound key or to a string or other type would affect the entire code base and likely result in more bugs than it's worth. 2) The solution can't depend on an Internet connection. A user must be able to run the app and add data even with no Internet connection. The data should still resolve properly later when the data syncs through iCloud once a connection is available. I'll accept one exception to this rule. If no other option is available, I may be open to requiring an Internet connection the first time the app's data is initialized. One idea I have been toying around with in my head is logically splitting the integer key into two parts. The high 4 or 5 bits could be used as some sort of device id while the rest represents the actual key. The fuzzy part is figuring out how to come up with non-conflicting device ids that fit in a few bits. This should be viable since I don't need to deal will millions of devices. I just need to deal with the few devices that would be shared by a given iCloud account. I'm open to suggestions. Thanks.

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• Debugging into a shared library source from consuming app, using QTCreator

  - by morpheous

  I am using QTCreator (1.3.1) on Ubuntu Karmic. I have built two projects: a shared library an application that links to the shared library I am debugging the application, and need to step into the implementation (i.e. the source) of one of the functions exported by the shared library. Does anyone know how to setup the QTCreator to allow me to step into the source of a shared library?

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• How do I use waf to build a shared library?

  - by James Morris

  I want to build a shared library using waf as it looks much easier and less cluttered than GNU autotools. I actually have several questions so far related to the wscript I've started to write: VERSION='0.0.1' APPNAME='libmylib' srcdir = '.' blddir = 'build' def set_options(opt): opt.tool_options('compiler_cc') pass def configure(conf): conf.check_tool('compiler_cc') conf.env.append_value('CCFLAGS', '-std=gnu99 -Wall -pedantic -ggdb') def build(bld): bld.new_task_gen( features = 'cc cshlib', source = '*.c', target='libmylib') The line containing source = '*.c' does not work. Must I specify each and every .c file instead of using a wildcard? How can I enable a debug build for example (currently the wscript is using the debug builds CFLAGS, but I want to make this optional for the end user). It is planned for the library sources to be within a sub directory, and programs that use the lib each in their own sub directories.

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• how to set breakpoint on function in a shared library which has not been loaded in gdb

  - by pierr

  Hi, I have a shared library libtest.so which will be loaded into the the main program using dlopen. Function test() reside in libtest.so and will be called in the main program through dlsym. Is there any way I could set up a break point on test? Please note that the main programm has not been linked to libtest.so during linking time. Otherwise , I should be able to set the break point although it is a pending action. In my case, when I do b test, gdb will tell me Function "test" not defined.

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• How do I use a shared library (in this case JsonCpp) in my C++ program on Linux?

  - by Not Joe Bloggs

  I'm a new-ish C++ programmer, and I'm doing my first program on my own using C++. I decided I would like to use JSON to store some of the data I'm going to be using, and I've found a library to handle JSON, JsonCpp. I've installed the library using my Linux system's package manager, and in my C++ code, I've used in my source code file #include <json> and compiled it using g++ and it's -ljson and -L/usr/lib options (libjson.so is located in /usr/lib). However, the first usage of Json::Value, an object provided by the library, gives a compilation error of "Json has not declared". I'm sure my mistake is something simple, so could someone explain what I'm doing wrong? None of the books I had mention how to use shared libraries, so I've had to google to find this much.

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• PHP: Using browscap.ini on shared host. - ini_set() failing

  - by GreybeardTheUnready

  I'm trying to use get_browser() , unfortunately my page is on a shared host, and I have no access to php.ini. I have downloaded the latest version of browscap.ini and placed in my document root. I have then added the following:- if (!ini_set('browscap', '/home/private stuff/browscap.ini')) { echo "Failed to set browscap"; } else { echo "browscap = [" . ini_get('browscap') . "]"; } exit(); But this fails, (nb: the echo statement for the failed condition always shows [] - even if I didn;t have the browscap.ini file the setting should still show up in the ini_get.... shouldn't it?) I have looked at the previous questions on this and they don't seem to help, any ideas?

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• How shared hostings, domain names and DNS work together?

  - by vtortola

  Hi, I 've this little doubt but I couldn't find information about it, probably because I'm not searching the correct thing. When a browser ask for "www.mydomain.com", the DNS server returns an IP Address, then the browser go there... but what does happen then? I mean, that IP address could be a shared hosting that contains hundreds of web pages and domains, so how does it knows where it have to go? Is something that the web server does? is it something that I could implement in a web application? I mean, for example I have a web application that contains accounts, and each account has a default web page. You could access that page passing the account namne, for example "www.mydomain.com/myaccount", but now I want to register "www.myaccount.com" and then it will get the "www.mydomain.com/myaccount" content. Is it possible? Kind regards.

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• How do you detach an array of strings from shared memory? C

  - by Tim

  I have: int array_id; char* records[10]; // get the shared segment if ((array_id = shmget(IPC_PRIVATE, 1, 0666)) == -1) { perror("Array Creating"); } // attach records[0] = (char*) shmat(array_id, (void*)0, 0); if ((int) *records == -1) { perror("Array Attachment"); } which works fine, but when i try and detach i get an "invalid argument" error. // detach int error; if( (error = shmdt((void*) records[0])) == -1) { perror(array detachment); } any ideas? thank you

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• Proper set up shared folders for users

  - by user221486

  First I would like to say thanks for helping, and I have huge problem with proper set up permission for shared folders. I have Windows 7 x64 ent. - name: backupfb - added to domain with shared folder on drive e: (e:\backup) 50 clients/laptops with TSM Tivoli fastback for workstations who save files on shared folder And I need to configure proper permission for my shared folders that only owner of folder can access to their folders. Folder structure is: e:\backup <- shared as a "backup" folder \\backupfb\backup\ e:\backup\BackupAdmin <-- directory is used by the Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack for Workstations client to download revisions and configurations. Nodes require read-only access to these directories e:\backup\RealTimeBackup <-- enable client accounts to create directories that are only accessible by the account that created them. As a result, the directory that contains data for a node is not created until that node connects to the server. So permission should look like that (take from instructions): Inheritable permissions from object`s parents are DISABLE Permission entries: \\backupfb\backup\BackupAdmin Allow Users Read, Execute This folder, subfolders, and files Traverse Folder / Execute Allow List Folder / Read Data Allow Read Attributes Allow Read Extended Attributes Allow Delete subfolders and files Allow Delete Allow Read Permission’s Allow Allow Administrators Full Control This folder, subfolders, and files Both folders have enabled option "apply these permissions to objects and/or containers within this container only" Here everything works fine \\backupfb\backup\RealTimeBackup <<-- Allow Administrators Full Control This folder, subfolders, and files Allow CREATOR OWNER Full Control This folder, subfolders, and files (from domain) Allow Users Special This folder only Traverse Folder / Execute Allow List Folder / Read Data Allow Read Attributes Allow Read Extended Attributes Allow Create Files / Write Data Allow Create Folders / Append Data Allow Delete subfolders and files Allow Read Permission’s Allow Allow OWNER RIGHTS* Full Control This folder, subfolders, and files Here I have huge problem with CREATOR OWNER Im able to set FULL CONTROL but I can only apply "Subfolders and files only". When I change props. to "This folder, subfolders and files" and save its change to "Subfolders and files only" So I try use icacls to set up permissions @echo off takeown /F E:\backup\ /R /A for /D %%i IN (E:\backup\RealTimeBackup*) DO icacls E:\backup\RealTimeBackup\%%~nxi /grant:r cloud\%%~nxi:F /T /C pause but after that user are able to create just one folder in \backupfb\backup\RealTimeBackup\userfolder but problem is with subfolders In log i have: FBW5022E Unable to access the specified file Explanation: The file specified is unable to be accessed. Possibly spelled incorrectly, or bad path, or permissions. User response: Ensure the user has the proper permissions for the file and directories involved andthat the file and directory exist Any idea ?? pls help ;-) thanks

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• Detecting memory leaks using the CrtDbg Library

  The CrtDbg Library provides APIs which can be used to detect memory leaks.

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• Overview of Sybase ASE In-Memory Database Feature

  Sybase's In-Memory database feature is fully integrated within the base product Adaptive Server Enterprise.

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• Overview of Sybase ASE In-Memory Database Feature

  Sybase's In-Memory database feature is fully integrated within the base product Adaptive Server Enterprise.

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