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• Implementing the transport layer for a SIP UAC

  - by Jonathan Henson

  I have a somewhat simple, but specific, question about implementing the transport layer for a SIP UAC. Do I expect the response to a request on the same socket that I sent the request on, or do I let the UDP or TCP listener pick up the response and then route it to the correct transaction from there? The RFC does not seem to say anything on the matter. It seems that especially using UDP, which is connection-less, that I should just let the listeners pick up the response, but that seems sort of counter intuitive. Particularly, I have seen plenty of UAC implementations which do not depend on having a Listener in the transport layer. Also, most implementations I have looked at do not have the UAS receiving loop responding on the socket at all. This would tend to indicate that the client should not be expecting a reply on the socket that it sent the request on. For clarification: Suppose my transport layer consists of the following elements: TCPClient (Sends Requests for a UAC via TCP) UDPClient (Sends Requests for a UAC vid UDP) TCPSever (Loop receiving Requests and dispatching to transaction layer via TCP) UDPServer (Loop receiving Requests and dispatching to transaction layer via UDP) Obviously, the *Client sends my Requests. The question is, what receives the Response? The *Client waiting on a recv or recvfrom call on the socket it used to send the request, or the *Server? Conversely, the *Server receives my requests, What sends the Response? The *Client? doesn't this break the roles of each member a bit?

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• Domain Trust 2008 to 2003

  - by nick3216

  I'm having trouble setting up the trust relationship between a Windows Server 2003 and a Windows Server 2008 AD. Domain a is Windows Server 2003 Forest functional level. Domain b is a Windows Server 2008 Forest functional level. I can set up the incoming side of the trust relationship on domain "a" so that it trusts domain "b". Try as I might on domain "b" I can't set up the outgoing side of the trust relationship to domain "a". The GUI interface gives an unhelpful 'The request is not supported'. I'm not sure netdom is being more or less helpful as it refers me to FilterSIDs netdom trust /add b /uo:b\admin /po:* /d:a /ud:a\admin /pd:* /oneside:trusting To improve the security of this external trust, security identifier (SID) filtering is enabled, however, if users have been migrated to the trusted domain and their SID histories have been preserved, you may choose to turn off this feature. For more information about SID filtering and how to turn it off, see the help for netdom trust /FilterSids or see Help and Support. The request is not supported. The command failed to complete succesfully. I say 'less helpful' because Windows Server 2008 doesn't support the /FilterSIDs option. How can we force creation of this trust? Edit: Just to clarify I've checked that the [Computer Configuration\Windows Settings\Security Settings\Local Policies\Security Options] "Network access: Allow anonymous SID/Name translation” is enabled on both sides of the trust as per http://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/en/winserverDS/thread/cc61fc25-3569-4413-bbfd-92390eb31118

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• Java: How to manage UDP client-server state

  - by user92947

  I am trying to write a Java application that works similar to MapReduce. There is a server and several workers. Workers may come and go as they please and the membership to the group has a soft-state. To become a part of the group, the worker must send a UDP datagram to the server, but to continue to be part of the group, the worker must send the UDP datagram to the server every 5 minutes. In order to accommodate temporary errors, a worker is allowed to miss as many as two consecutive periodic UDP datagrams. So, the server must keep track of the current set of workers as well as the last time each worker had sent a UDP datagram. I've implemented a class called WorkerListener that implements Runnable and listens to UDP datagrams on a particular UDP port. Now, to keep track of active workers, this class may maintain a HashSet (or HashMap). When a datagram is received, the server may query the HashSet to check if it is a new member. If so, it can add the new worker to the group by adding an entry into the HashSet. If not, it must reset a "timer" for the worker, noting that it has just heard from the corresponding worker. I'm using the word timer in a generic sense. It doesn't have to be a clock of sorts. Perhaps this could also be implemented using int or long variables. Also, the server must run a thread that continuously monitors the timers for the workers to see that a client that times out on two consecutive datagram intervals, it is removed from the HashSet. I don't want to do this in the WorkerListener thread because it would be blocking on the UDP datagram receive() function. If I create a separate thread to monitor the worker HashSet, it would need to be a different class, perhaps WorkerRegistrar. I must share the HashSet with that thread. Mutual exclusion must also be implemented, then. My question is, what is the best way to do this? Pointers to some sample implementation would be great. I want to use the barebones JDK implementation, and not some fancy state maintenance API that takes care of everything, because I want this to be a useful demonstration for a class that I am teaching. Thanks

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• Office 365 domain federation conversion failed

  - by Matt Bear

  We're doing things backwards, we have an established o365 domain, with 400+ users, and are just now deploying local AD, and ADFS for SSO. Last night, after configuring my servers, I ran the powershell command convert-MSOLdomaintofederated to convert the xxx.com vanity domain to federated, it errored out with an unspecified error(Microsoft ADFS support said the error has to do with the default password settings being changed.) And when I run convert-MSOLdomaintostandard, it comes back with the domain is already standard. Also in the o365 portal it shows the domain as standard, however it is trying to process login attempts as if it were a federated domain. I've spent 5 hours total on the phone with Microsoft, and it has been escalated to their engineering department for resolution, sometime within the next few days... I need it yesterday. From what we can gather, the conversion process started, error out, changed some of the internal configurations to federated, but left the description as standard.(if that makes since). So its in a weird limbo, where its in both modes but neither at the same time. Currently, the only way to fix it is to remove the vanity domain, and re-add it. I need a way to dissociate the user accounts from xxx.com domain to allow its removal. Removal of all the users themselves is not an option.

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• Serializing Data Structures in C

  - by src

  I've recently read three separate books on algorithms and data structures, tcp/ip socket programming, and programming with memory. The book about memory briefly discussed the topic of serializing data structures for the purposes of storing it to disk, or sending it across a network. I can't help but wonder why the the other two books didn't discuss serialization at all. After an unsuccessful web/book search I'm left wondering where I can find a good book/paper/tutorial on serializing data structures in C? Where or how did you learn it?

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• Communicating with a remote host via HTTPS

  - by user619818

  I have developed a solution where a Java applet makes a socket connection to a port on a socket server (which happens to run on a web server). But a new client has implemented https within their LAN and so I am told communication must be via HTTPS. With standard socket communication you connect to a port on a host. But the clients HTTPS uses port 443. So will it be possible to connect to a socket server using a different port? I assume it must be possible? Any help would be much appreciated.

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• Spreading incoming batched data into a real-time stream

  - by pr1001

  I would like to display some events in 'real-time'. However, I must fetch the data from another source. I can request the last X minutes, though the source is updated approximately every 5 minutes. This means that there will be a delay between the most recent data retrieved and the point in time that I make the request. Second, because I will be receiving a batch of data, I don't want to just fire out all the events down a socket once my fetcher has retrieved it: I would like to spread out the events so that they are both accurately spaced amongst each other and in sync with their original occurrences (e.g. an event is always displayed 6 minutes after it actually happened). My thought is to fetch the data every 5 minutes from the source, knowing that I won't get the very latest data. The original data would be then queued to be sent down the socket 7.5 minutes from its original timestamp – that is, at least ~2.5 minutes from when its batch was fetched and at most 7.5 minutes since then. My question is this: is this the best way to approach the problem? Does this problem have any standard approaches or associated literature related to implementation best-practices and edge cases? I am a bit worried that the frequency of my fetches and the frequency in which the source is updated will get out of sync, leading to points where no data will be retrieved from the source. However, since my socket delay is greater than my fetch frequency, the subsequent fetch should retrieve newer data before the socket queue is empty. Is that correct? Am I missing something? Thanks!

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• PHP, when to use iterators, how to buffer results?

  - by Jon L.

  When is it best to use Iterators in PHP, and how can they be implemented to best avoid loading all objects into memory simultaneously? Do any constructs exist in PHP so that we can queue up results of an operation for use with an Iterator, while again avoiding loading all objects into memory simultaneously? An example would be a curl HTTP request against a REST server In the case of an HTTP request that returns all results at once (a la curl), would we be better off to go with streaming results, and if so, are there any limitations or pitfalls to be aware of? If using streaming, is it better to replace curl with a PHP native stream/socket? My intention is to implement Iterators for a REST client, and separately a document ORM that I'm maintaining, but only if I can do so while gaining benefits from reduced memory usage, increased performance, etc. Thanks in advance for any responses :-)

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• Is ZeroMQ a good choice to make a Python app and a C# managed assembly work together?

  - by Alex Bausk

  I have a task that involves talking to a .NET-based API (namely AutoCAD) to retrieve data, send commands, and react to events. I want to separate the API operations and the proper program logic (largely already implemented in Python) by using natural tools for both: a C# DLL for the former and a Python app for the latter. To connect these two pieces, I began exchanging JSON in ZeroMQ messages. I'm at early development stages but having recently discovered that ZeroMQ does not guarantee message delivery/order, I have reservations about whether this is a feasible way to go. Right now my app is a very basic REQ/REP pair and I plan to handle reacting to events and executing different commands by adding some sort of 'recipient-function' field to my message format. The reason that I want to use ZMQ is that I might be able to scale the software into a larger, multi-user, distributed solution sometime. I am a lay programmer so I would ask for your advice about this architecture. Should I just go ahead with it and plan to deal with message reliability/ordering when problems appear? Should I consider developing some kind of a REST wrapper around ZMQ?

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• Network programming under windows: is WSA functions can be more complete than pSock functions [on hold]

  - by Kane

  I plan to make a set of classic socket functions to simplify their usages. Since i work under windows and linux indifferently i usually make it portable (it's not my first version of this set of functions), but i want to do something different this time and dedicate one version to windows, and one other to linux. With that i wonder for the windows version, if the WSA* functions can have any interest using them instead of the psock ones. I have found nothing about a comparison between them, so if any of you have any idea, suggestion, link or benchmark ?

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• How much overhead is there in persistent connections?

  - by nynex

  Ok so I'm musing over a little side project I want to start. Essentially its a multi-session web based FTP client. Multi-session in that you can log into several FTP servers at the same time and perform operations like moving a file from one FTP server to another. I'm doing this mainly to brush up on the new webdev technologies, particularly websockets. I'm using node.js + socket.io to keep a persistent bi-directional connection between the web browser and the web server. The web server will also have persistent connections to each FTP server the user has logged into. So if there are 100 concurrent users each logged into 5 ftp accounts, the web server will have 100 websocket connections + 500 ftp connections. Is servicing 600 connections a lot? I know it depends on the hardware resources of the server but is something like this doable on a budget? Are there more efficient means of doing something like this? I know its unlikely that this project will really get popular but I want it to scale well regardless. Thanks for any help, I've still got a lot to learn.

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• Pipe an infinite stream to internal loop?

  - by Sh3ljohn

  I've seen a lot of things about redirecting stdout to a TCP socket, but no real example of how to do it in practice, specifically when the output stream generated by the first "command" never ends. To talk about something concrete, let's take programs like servers that typically output their log endlessly to stdout (well, as long as they run). If you redirect the output to a log file on the disk, then this file is always open (therefore not readable by others?) and grows infinitely, which eventually is going to cause problems. This might be a nood question, but I don't know what it does or how to do it so. How to redirect the output of a command to the internal loop? I want to make sure that data is sent EVERY time something is written to stdout, and that the pipe won't wait for the command to end (never happens ideally!). Is that right? If 2 is true, is there a buffer system to send chunks of data once it reaches a certain size only? Could you give me concrete command line examples to do the above? Thanks in advance

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• copying same file name from client to server using tcp protocol with same size of file

  - by user3686570

  This is the client and server program where a client sends a file to server to save in the server. There is a issuse in that same file name is not getting copied on the server with same file size Please help me in this Client program import socket import sys s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect(("localhost",9999)) path=raw_input("Please enter the complete PATH of your file : ") f=open (path, "rb") l = f.read(256) while (l): s.sendall(l) l = f.read(10000) s.close() Server Program import socket import sys s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.bind(("localhost",9999)) s.listen(10) while True: s, address = s.accept() print address i=1 f = open( str(i),'wb') #open in binary #i=i+1 while (True): l=s.recv(256) #while (l): f.write(l) l=s.recv(256) print 'File recieve succesfully' f.close() #sc.close() s.close() Thanks in advance

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• Difference between a socket and a port

  - by cobie

  Could someone please explain quite clearly the difference between a port and a socket. I know that a port serves as a door into the network for an application process and that the application process uses a socket connection to the given port number to handle network communication but when you have multiple processes listening on a single port number, I am finding it difficult to understand the difference between the socket and the port and how they all fit together.

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• In what way I can implement packet filtering function in C++/C#?

  - by Network study

  Background: I am going to design a firewall-like application (with GUI) which will include several functions such as Packet sniffing and packet filtering. Both of the functions should be implemented to support different protocol levels including application, transport, network and link layer. I only know a little in C#.Net programming to perform the IP packet sniffing. It is also known that packet filtering requires the techniques in WFP or LSP and packet sniffing in application requires dll hooking. Questions: I am not sure which programming language(either C++ or C#) would be suitable for designing such an application described above. If I want to implement the packet filtering function, any libraries will be needed? edit01: Someone suggest that winDivert would be helpful, is it true?

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• Does spreading content across domains improve ranking? [closed]

  - by usertest

  Possible Duplicate: The SEO Benefit of Breaking Up Content Onto Different Websites I was wondering if (assuming all your content is related) it would be better to put all your content under a single domain or multiple domains that link to each other. Lets say I have Site A which doesn't have a good search ranking. If I have a new product that I'm sure could get a good ranking on its own would I get a better search ranking for Site A if I - Add the new product as a new section to Site A. Or put the product on new Site B and link back to Site A. To give you an example if you were developing a few browser plugins would it be better (in terms of ranking) to showcase them all in the same site, or would you give them each their own domain's that link to each other? Thanks.

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• Accounts in Work Items after migration to TFS 2010 and to new domain

  - by Clara Oscura

  Lately I’ve been doing some tests on migrating our TFS 2008 installation to TFS 2010, coupled with a machine and domain change. One particular topic that was tricky is user accounts. We installed first a new machine with TFS 2010 and then migrated the projects in the old server. The work items were migrated with the projects. Great, but if I try to edit one of the old work items I cannot save it anymore because some fields contain old user names (ex. OLDDOMAIN\user) which are not known in the new domain (it should be NEWDOMAIN\user). The errors look like this: When I correct the ‘Assigned To’ field value, I get another error regarding another field: Before TFS 2010, we had TFSUsers power tool. It allow you to map an old user name to a new user name. This is not available anymore because WI fields with user accounts are now synchronized with AD display names changes (explained here). The correct way to go about this in TFS 2010 is to use TFSConfig Identities before adding the new domain accounts into the TFS groups (documented here). So, too late for us. I’ve found a (tedious) workaround to change those old account in work items in order to allow people to keep working with them. 1. Install TFS 2010 power tools 2. Export WIT from your project (VS | Tools | Process Editor | Work Item Types). Save the definition, for example: Original_MyProject_Task.xml 3. Copy the xml (NoReadOnly_MyProject_Task.xml) and edit it. From the field definition of ‘Activated By’, ‘Closed By’ and ‘Resolved By’, remove the following:        <WHENNOTCHANGED field="System.State">           <READONLY />         </WHENNOTCHANGED> 4. Import WIT in VS. Choose the new file (NoReadOnly_MyProject_Task.xml) and import it in MyProject 5. Open all tasks in Excel (flat list). Display the following columns: Asssigned To Activated By Closed By Resolved By Change the user accounts to the new ones (I usually sort each column alphabetically to make it easier). 6. Publish. If you get a conflict on a field, tough luck. You will have to manually choose “Local version” for each work item. I told you it was a tedious process. 7. Import original WIT (Original_MyProject_Task.xml) in MyProject. We only changed the WI definition so that we could change some fields. The original definition should be put back. And what about these other fields? Created By Authorized As These fields are not editable by definition (VS | Tools | Process Editor | Work Item Fields Explorer), even if they are not marked as read-only in the WIT. You can leave the old values. It doesn’t seem to matter to TFS. The other four fields are editable by definition, so only the WIT readonly rule prevents us from changing them. Technorati Tags: TFS,Team Foundation Server 2010,Work Item,Domain change

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• C Minishell Command Expansion Printing Gibberish

  - by Optimus_Pwn

  I'm writing a unix minishell in C, and am at the point where I'm adding command expansion. What I mean by this is that I can nest commands in other commands, for example: $> echo hello $(echo world! ... $(echo and stuff)) hello world! ... and stuff I think I have it working mostly, however it isn't marking the end of the expanded string correctly, for example if I do: $> echo a $(echo b $(echo c)) a b c $> echo d $(echo e) d e c See it prints the c, even though I didn't ask it to. Here is my code: msh.c - http://pastebin.com/sd6DZYwB expand.c - http://pastebin.com/uLqvFGPw I have a more code, but there's a lot of it, and these are the parts that I'm having trouble with at the moment. I'll try to tell you the basic way I'm doing this. Main is in msh.c, here it gets a line of input from either the commandline or a shellfile, and then calls processline (char *line, int outFD, int waitFlag), where line is the line we just got, outFD is the file descriptor of the output file, and waitFlag tells us whether or not we should wait if we fork. When we call this from main we do it like this: processline (buffer, 1, 1); In processline, we allocate a new line: char expanded_line[EXPANDEDLEN]; We then call expand, in expand.c: expand(line, expanded_line, EXPANDEDLEN); In expand, we copy the characters literally from line to expanded_line until we find a $(, which then calls: static int expCmdOutput(char *orig, char *new, int *oldl_ind, int *newl_ind) orig is line, and new is expanded line. oldl_ind and newl_ind are the current positions in the line and expanded line, respectively. Then we pipe, and recursively call processline, passing it the nested command(for example, if we had "echo a $(echo b)", we would pass processline "echo b"). This is where I get confused, each time expand is called, is it allocating a new chunk of memory EXPANDEDLEN long? If so, this is bad because I'll run out of stack room really quickly(in the case of a hugely nested commandline input). In expand I insert a null character at the end of the expanded string, so why is it printing past it? If you guys need any more code, or explanations, just ask. Secondly, I put the code in pastebin because there's a ton of it, and in my experience people don't like it when I fill up several pages with code. Thanks.

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• C++ Program Flow: Sockets in an Object and the Main Function

  - by jfm429

  I have a rather tricky problem regarding C++ program flow using sockets. Basically what I have is this: a simple command-line socket server program that listens on a socket and accepts one connection at a time. When that connection is lost it opens up for further connections. That socket communication system is contained in a class. The class is fully capable of receiving the connections and mirroring the data received to the client. However, the class uses UNIX sockets, which are not object-oriented. My problem is that in my main() function, I have one line - the one that creates an instance of that object. The object then initializes and waits. But as soon as a connection is gained, the object's initialization function returns, and when that happens, the program quits. How do I somehow wait until this object is deleted before the program quits? Summary: main() creates instance of object Object listens Connection received Object's initialization function returns main() exits (!) What I want is for main() to somehow delay until that object is finished with what it's doing (aka it will delete itself) before it quits. Any thoughts?

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• Sockets and COBOL

  - by kati

  I have received a job at a hospital which still uses COBOL for all organizational work, the whole (now 20 Terabyte) database (Which was a homebrew in, guess what, COBOL) is filled with the data of every patient since the last 45 (or so) years. So that was my story. Now to my question: Currently, all sockets were (from what I've seen) implemented by COBOL programs writing their data into files. These files then were read out by C++ programs (That was an additional module added in the late 1980s) and using C++ sockets sent to the database. Now this solution has stopped working as they are moving the database from COBOL to COBOL, yes - they didn't use MySQL or so - they implemented a new database - again in COBOL. I asked the guy that worked there before me (hes around 70 now) why the hell someone would do that and he told me that he is so good at COBOL that he doesn't want to write it in any other language. So far so good now my question: How can I implement socket connections in COBOL? I need to create an interface to the external COBOL database located at, for example, 192.168.1.23:283.

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• DTO or Domain Model Object in the View Layer?

  - by smayers81

  I know this is probably an age-old question, but what is the better practice? Using a domain model object throughout all layers of your application, and even binding values directly to them on the JSP (I'm using JSF). Or convert a domain model object into a DTO in the DAO or Service layer and send a lightweight DTO to the presentation layer. I have been told it makes no sense to use DTOs because changes to the database will result in changes to all your DTOs whereas using Model Objects everywhere will just require changes to the affected model object. However, the ease of use and the lightweight nature of DTOs seems to outweigh that. I should note that my app uses Hibernate Model Objects AND uses its own custom-created model objects (meaning not bound to any DB session, always detached). Is either of the above scenarios more beneficial to a strict Model Object pattern? Using Hibernate has been a huge PITA with regards to things like Lazy Initialization Exceptions.

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• Can I improve this regex check for valid domain names?

  - by Josh

  So, I have been working on this domain name regular expression. So far, it seems to pick up domain names with SLDs and TLDs (with the optional ccTLD), but there is duplication of the TLD listing. Can this be refactored any further? params[:domain_name].downcase.strip.match(/^[a-z0-9\-]{2,63} \.((a[cdefgilmnoqrstuwxz]|aero|arpa)|(b[abdefghijmnorstvwyz]|biz)| (c[acdfghiklmnorsuvxyz]|cat|com|coop)|d[ejkmoz]|(e[ceghrstu]|edu)|f[ijkmor]| (g[abdefghilmnpqrstuwy]|gov)|h[kmnrtu]|(i[delmnoqrst]|info|int)| (j[emop]|jobs)|k[eghimnprwyz]|l[abcikrstuvy]| (m[acdghklmnopqrstuvwxyz]|me|mil|mobi|museum)|(n[acefgilopruz]|name|net)|(om|org)| (p[aefghklmnrstwy]|pro)|qa|r[eouw]|s[abcdeghijklmnortvyz]| (t[cdfghjklmnoprtvwz]|travel)|u[agkmsyz]|v[aceginu]|w[fs]|y[etu]|z[amw]) (\.((a[cdefgilmnoqrstuwxz]|aero|arpa)|(b[abdefghijmnorstvwyz]|biz)| (c[acdfghiklmnorsuvxyz]|cat|com|coop)|d[ejkmoz]|(e[ceghrstu]|edu)|f[ijkmor]| (g[abdefghilmnpqrstuwy]|gov)|h[kmnrtu]|(i[delmnoqrst]|info|int)| (j[emop]|jobs)|k[eghimnprwyz]|l[abcikrstuvy]| m[acdghklmnopqrstuvwxyz]|mil|mobi|museum)| (n[acefgilopruz]|name|net)|(om|org)| (p[aefghklmnrstwy]|pro)|qa|r[eouw]|s[abcdeghijklmnortvyz]| (t[cdfghjklmnoprtvwz]|travel)|u[agkmsyz]|v[aceginu]|w[fs]|y[etu]|z[amw]))?$/)

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• execute javascript function in a another iframe when parent is from different domain.

  - by Frushko

  The page A.com has 2 iframes B.com/page1 and B.com/page2. This is the code of A.com: <html><body> <iframe src="b.com/page1" name="iframe1" id="iframe1"> <iframe src="b.com/page2"> </body></html> I want to execute js function on B.com/page1 from B.com/page2. Both examples below works well when the parent is from the same domain but not in cross domain scenario: parent.window.frames['iframe1'].SomeFunction(args); or parent.document.getElementById('iframe1').contentWindow.SomeFunction(args); Is there any way to do it?

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• What is the proper way to handle a fully qualified domain in a GET request?

  - by Mark P Neyer

  I'm writing a proxy server. When I use curl to fetch a page, say http://www.foo.com/pants, curl makes the following request: GET /pants HTTP/1.1 When I have curl send that request through my local proxy, curl changes the GET request to: GET http://www.foo.com/pants HTTP/1.1 This change causes the foo.com server return a 404. Is foo.com broken? Or is the fully qualified domain name only meaningful to proxy servers? Should I always strip http://domain from the requests I send out? Thanks!

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• How can I use Ruby to check if a domain exists?

  - by macek

  Something along the lines of: def domain_exists?(domain) # perform check # return true|false end puts "valid!" if domain_exists?("example.com")

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