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• MySQL died during the night on a 12.04.1 Ubuntu

  - by Olivier

  I can't explain why, but somehow during the night, one of my MySQL running on an Ubuntu 12.04.1 box broke. The service is running but I can't login anymore (to SQL), the previous password is not working anymore. It does not looks like the server has been compromised (nothing in /var/auth.log) It looks like some automatic security upgrade (server is configured to perform those) has occured and broke something. The MySQL server has restarted a couple of times in the logs at the time errors started to happen (I get email when CRON task fail). In the logs it complains about an unset root password (I do have cron job running all day using SQL so the password was set & working for months). Anyway I can't login without password either! Do you have any idea of what could have happened? How do I get my databases back? This line looks strange : Nov 6 06:36:12 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: ERROR: 1064 You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'ALTER TABLE user ADD column Show_view_priv enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT ' at line 1 Here is the full log below : Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h ns398758.ovh.net password 'new-password' Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: Alternatively you can run: Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: which will also give you the option of removing the test Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: databases and anonymous user created by default. This is Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: strongly recommended for production servers. Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: See the manual for more instructions. Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: Please report any problems with the /usr/scripts/mysqlbug script! Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6586]: Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6632]: 121106 6:36:06 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6632]: 121106 6:36:06 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6632]: 121106 6:36:06 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6632]: 121106 6:36:06 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3.4 Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6632]: 121106 6:36:06 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6632]: 121106 6:36:06 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool Nov 6 06:36:06 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6632]: 121106 6:36:06 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda. Nov 6 06:36:07 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6632]: 121106 6:36:07 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start Nov 6 06:36:08 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6632]: 121106 6:36:08 InnoDB: 1.1.8 started; log sequence number 29276459701 Nov 6 06:36:08 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6632]: 121106 6:36:08 InnoDB: Starting shutdown... Nov 6 06:36:09 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6632]: 121106 6:36:09 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 29276459701 Nov 6 06:36:11 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: 121106 6:36:11 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. Nov 6 06:36:11 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: 121106 6:36:11 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled Nov 6 06:36:11 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: 121106 6:36:11 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins Nov 6 06:36:11 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: 121106 6:36:11 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3.4 Nov 6 06:36:11 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: 121106 6:36:11 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M Nov 6 06:36:11 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: 121106 6:36:11 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool Nov 6 06:36:11 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: 121106 6:36:11 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda. Nov 6 06:36:11 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: 121106 6:36:11 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start Nov 6 06:36:12 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: 121106 6:36:12 InnoDB: 1.1.8 started; log sequence number 29276459701 Nov 6 06:36:12 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: ERROR: 1064 You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'ALTER TABLE user ADD column Show_view_priv enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT ' at line 1 Nov 6 06:36:12 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: 121106 6:36:12 [ERROR] Aborting Nov 6 06:36:12 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: Nov 6 06:36:12 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: 121106 6:36:12 InnoDB: Starting shutdown... Nov 6 06:36:13 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: 121106 6:36:13 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 29276459701 Nov 6 06:36:13 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: 121106 6:36:13 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete Nov 6 06:36:13 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6676]: Nov 6 06:36:13 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6697]: 121106 6:36:13 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. Nov 6 06:36:13 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6697]: 121106 6:36:13 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled Nov 6 06:36:13 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6697]: 121106 6:36:13 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins Nov 6 06:36:13 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6697]: 121106 6:36:13 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3.4 Nov 6 06:36:13 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6697]: 121106 6:36:13 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M Nov 6 06:36:13 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6697]: 121106 6:36:13 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool Nov 6 06:36:13 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6697]: 121106 6:36:13 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda. Nov 6 06:36:13 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6697]: 121106 6:36:13 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start Nov 6 06:36:14 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6697]: 121106 6:36:14 InnoDB: 1.1.8 started; log sequence number 29276459701 Nov 6 06:36:14 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6697]: 121106 6:36:14 InnoDB: Starting shutdown... Nov 6 06:36:15 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6697]: 121106 6:36:15 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 29276459701 Nov 6 06:36:15 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: 121106 6:36:15 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. Nov 6 06:36:15 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: 121106 6:36:15 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled Nov 6 06:36:15 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: 121106 6:36:15 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins Nov 6 06:36:15 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: 121106 6:36:15 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3.4 Nov 6 06:36:15 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: 121106 6:36:15 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M Nov 6 06:36:15 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: 121106 6:36:15 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool Nov 6 06:36:15 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: 121106 6:36:15 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda. Nov 6 06:36:15 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: 121106 6:36:15 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start Nov 6 06:36:16 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: 121106 6:36:16 InnoDB: 1.1.8 started; log sequence number 29276459701 Nov 6 06:36:16 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: ERROR: 1050 Table 'plugin' already exists Nov 6 06:36:16 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: 121106 6:36:16 [ERROR] Aborting Nov 6 06:36:16 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: Nov 6 06:36:16 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: 121106 6:36:16 InnoDB: Starting shutdown... Nov 6 06:36:17 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: 121106 6:36:17 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 29276459701 Nov 6 06:36:17 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: 121106 6:36:17 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete Nov 6 06:36:17 ns398758 mysqld_safe[6718]: Nov 6 06:36:19 ns398758 /etc/mysql/debian-start[6816]: Upgrading MySQL tables if necessary. Nov 6 06:36:20 ns398758 /etc/mysql/debian-start[6819]: /usr/bin/mysql_upgrade: the '--basedir' option is always ignored Nov 6 06:36:20 ns398758 /etc/mysql/debian-start[6819]: Looking for 'mysql' as: /usr/bin/mysql Nov 6 06:36:20 ns398758 /etc/mysql/debian-start[6819]: Looking for 'mysqlcheck' as: /usr/bin/mysqlcheck Nov 6 06:36:20 ns398758 /etc/mysql/debian-start[6819]: Running 'mysqlcheck' with connection arguments: '--port=3306' '--socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' '--host=localhost' '--socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' '--host=localhost' '--socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' Nov 6 06:36:20 ns398758 /etc/mysql/debian-start[6819]: Running 'mysqlcheck' with connection arguments: '--port=3306' '--socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' '--host=localhost' '--socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' '--host=localhost' '--socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' Nov 6 06:36:20 ns398758 /etc/mysql/debian-start[6819]: col_digitas.acos OK Nov 6 06:36:20 ns398758 /etc/mysql/debian-start[6819]: col_digitas.aros OK ...

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• webserver horrible slow, sometimes incredible fast

  - by dhanke

  i am running a small community ( 6000+ Members ) on a non-virtual 64-bit ubuntu 11.04 system. I am not a Linux-pro, not even advanced, i just tried to setup a webserver, which does nothing special actually. Delivering some dynamic PHP and RoR websites is its task. So it might be that my configuration files do look horrible bad. Also, i might use the wrong vocabulary, so in doubt, please ask. Having a current all-time record of 520 registered users (board-accounts, no system-users) online at same time, average server-load is about 2.0 - 5.0. Meantime (~250 users) average server load value is at about 0.4 - 0.8, sometimes, on some expensive searches a bit higher. everything fine. From time to time however, the load increases up to 120 (120.0, not 12.0 ;) ). In this time, its hard to even connect via SSH, but when i reach the server, and use top/htop/iotop to see whats happening, i cannot identify any process causing high CPU load. iotop tells me about a current reading/writing speed of about approx. 70kb/s, which is quite equal to power-off i think. Memory-Usage is max. at ~ 12GB of 16GB, so swap remains empty. now the odd (at least for me:) waiting some minutes ( since i always get a bit into a panic when this happens, it feels like 5 minutes, but i suppose its more like 20-30 minutes) and the server is back to normal. everything continues as normal. another odd fact: when i run hdparm -tT /dev/sda, i get answer like: /dev/sda: Timing cached reads: 7180 MB in 2.00 seconds = 3591.13 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 348 MB in 3.02 seconds = 115.41 MB/sec when i run the same command while the server is "frozen", the answer is like /dev/sda: <- takes about 5 minutes until this line appears Timing cached reads: 7180 MB in 2.00 seconds = 3591.13 MB/sec <- 5 more minutes Timing buffered disk reads: 348 MB in 3.02 seconds = 115.41 MB/sec <- another 5 minutes so the values are the same, but the quoted time is completely wrong. using time command as prefix also tells me that ~ 15 minutes were used. I searched in dmesg, /var/log/[messages|syslog] - nothing found. /var/log/errors however tells me that: Jul 4 20:28:30 localhost kernel: [19080.671415] INFO: task php5-fpm:27728 blocked for more than 120 seconds. Jul 4 20:28:30 localhost kernel: [19080.671419] "echo 0 /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. multiple times. now that message does tell me that php5-fpm task was blocked or did block ? - but not if that is the cause or just one of the results of that "freeze". Anyone? to cut the long story short, i dont know where even to start analyzing. So if you can give me any advice by looking at following specs and configs, or ask me to provide more information, i`d be glad. Specs: 6 Core AMD Phenom(tm) II X6 1055T Processor * 16 Gigabyte Ram 2x 1.5 TB Seagate ST1500DL003-9VT16L via SATA 3 via SoftwareRaid (i suppose) Services: (due to service --status-all, those with [ + ]) nginx Webserver 1.0.14 mySQL 5.1.63 Server Ruby on Rails 2.3.11 ( passenger-nginx-module ) php5-fpm 5.3.6-13ubuntu3.7 SSH ido2db Further services: default crontab + nightly backup. syslog-ng Website consists of 2 subdomains, forum. and www. where forum is a phpBB3.x PHP-Board, and www a Ruby on Rails 2.3.11 application (portal). Mini-Note: sometimes i notice that the forum is pretty slow, in contrast to the always-fast (except for this "freeze") portal. Both share the same Database, but the portal is using it read-only. The Webserver is nginx, using phusion passenger module to communicate with the ruby-application. Also, for the forum it communicates with php5-fpm via socket: relevant nginx configuration parts ( with comments/questions starting by ; ) ; in case of freeze due to too high Filesystem activity, maybe adding a limit? #worker_rlimit_nofile 50000; user www-data; ; 6 cores, so i read 6 fits. maybe already wrong? worker_processes 6; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { passenger_root /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-3.0.11; passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby1.8; ; the forum once featured a chat, which was working w/o websockets. ; so it was a hell of pull requests (deactivated now, freeze still happening) keepalive_timeout 65; keepalive_requests 50; gzip on; server { listen 80; server_name www.domain.tld; root /var/www/domain/rails/public; passenger_enabled on; } server { listen 80; server_name forum.domain.tld; location / { root /var/www/domain/forum; index index.php; } ; satic stuff to be handled by nginx location ~* ^/style/.+.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico|xml)$ { access_log off; expires 30d; root /var/www/domain/forum/; } ; now the php magic, note the "backend"-fcgi_pass location ~ .php$ { fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(.*)$; fastcgi_pass backend; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/domain/forum$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; fastcgi_ignore_client_abort off; fastcgi_connect_timeout 60; fastcgi_send_timeout 180; fastcgi_read_timeout 180; fastcgi_buffer_size 128k; fastcgi_buffers 256 16k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k; fastcgi_max_temp_file_size 0; } location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } ;the php5-fpm socket. i read that /dev/shm/ whould be the fastes place for this. bad idea in general? upstream backend { server unix:/dev/shm/phpfpm; } ... } php5-fpm settings (i changed this values due to php5-fpm error log messages higher and higher.. (freeze-problem was there before as well)* listen = /dev/shm/phpfpm user = www-data group = www-data pm = dynamic ; holy, 4000! well, shinking this value to earth-level gave me ; 100s of 502 bad gateway commands. this values were quite stable. ; since there are only max 520 users online i dont get it, why i would need ; as many children as configured here. due to keep-alive maybe? ; asking questions is easier for me since restarting server will make ; my community-members angry ;) pm.max_children = 4000 pm.start_servers = 100 pm.min_spare_servers = 50 pm.max_spare_servers = 150 pm.max_requests = 10 pm.status_path = /status ping.path = /ping ping.response = pong slowlog = log/$pool.log.slow ;should i use rlimit? ;rlimit_files = 1024 chdir = / mysql/my.cnf [client] port = 3306 socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock [mysqld_safe] socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock nice = 0 [mysqld] user = mysql socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp skip-external-locking bind-address = 127.0.0.1 key_buffer = 16M max_allowed_packet = 16M thread_stack = 192K thread_cache_size = 8 myisam-recover = BACKUP ; high number, but less gives some phpBB errors. max_connections = 450 table_cache = 512 ; i read twice the cpu cores, bad? thread_concurrency = 12 join_buffer_size = 2084K concurrent_insert = 3 query_cache_limit = 64M query_cache_size = 512M query_cache_type = 1 log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log log_slow_queries = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log long_query_time = 2 expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M low_priority_updates=1 [mysqldump] quick quote-names max_allowed_packet = 16M [isamchk] key_buffer = 16M !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/ I used smartctl already, hdds seem to be fine. /proc/mdstatus quotes: Personalities : [raid1] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md3 : active raid1 sda3[1] 1459264192 blocks [2/1] [_U] md1 : active raid1 sda1[0] 3911680 blocks [2/1] [U_] unused devices: ulimit -a core file size (blocks, -c) 0 data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited scheduling priority (-e) 0 file size (blocks, -f) unlimited pending signals (-i) 127727 max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64 max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited open files (-n) 1024 pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8 POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200 real-time priority (-r) 0 stack size (kbytes, -s) 8192 cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited max user processes (-u) 127727 virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited file locks (-x) unlimited I quote some questions in my configuration files, these are not (intentional) directly problem-related, but would be nice for me to know wether they are indeed questionable or done right. One additional Fact: my MYSQL-database is at 12GB size. i dont know if that does matter, but mytop sometimes shows me 4-5 seconds long insert queries, some are 20-30 seconds long. Its just a feeling that i am unable to prove (because i dont know how), but when i disable the database, the freeze seems not to happen. Example: i created a dummy rails application to see the development log. the app made some sql-queries, reads and inserts. the log quite often was like: DbTest Load (0.3ms) SELECT * FROM `db_test` WHERE (`db_test`.`id` = 31722) LIMIT 1 SQL (0.1ms) BEGIN DbTest Update (0.3ms) UPDATE `db_test` SET `updated_at` = '2012-07-04 23:32:34' WHERE `id` = 31722 - now the log stands still for 5-60 seconds. SQL (49.1ms) COMMIT - SQL-Update time in the log does not include freeze time Rendering test/index Completed in 96ms (View: 16, DB: 59) | 200 OK [http://localhost:9000/test] Bad part is: this mini-freeze here only happens from time to time as well. note: meanwhile i cannot even upload files via scp. I currently feel like running form bad to worse and back by googling for my server-problem due to immense lack of knowledge regarding server configurations. It still makes me wonder, why those problems even appear, since 250 users a time is not such a high amount, right? So my questions: whats wrong and how to fix? ;) or: what information can i provide to make the situation more clear? can you point at some critical bad configuration-line which i should consider to catch up in the documentation? are there any tools i can run to see some possible bottlenecks? any further advice? (next to: "pay someone who knows what he does" - its a private project, server costs enough already. :)) Thanks for your time and help. Best Regards, Daniel P.S.: i renamed the configfiles to domain.tld since i dont want to have any % more load to the server until its fixed. might be a exaggeratedly thought.. P.P.S: if i asked a complete duplicate question, sorry. my search results seemed to be quite specific in their own way.

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• Postfix configuration - Uing virtual min but server is bouncing back my mail.

  - by brodiebrodie

  I have no experience in setting up postfix, and thought virtualmin minght do the legwork for me. Appears not. When I try to send mail to the domain (either [email protected] [email protected] or [email protected]) I get the following message returned This is the mail system at host dedq239.localdomain. I'm sorry to have to inform you that your message could not be delivered to one or more recipients. It's attached below. For further assistance, please send mail to <postmaster> If you do so, please include this problem report. You can delete your own text from the attached returned message. The mail system <[email protected]> (expanded from <[email protected]>): User unknown in virtual alias table Final-Recipient: rfc822; [email protected] Original-Recipient: rfc822;[email protected] Action: failed Status: 5.0.0 Diagnostic-Code: X-Postfix; User unknown in virtual alias table How can I diagnose the problem here? It seems that the mail gets to my server but the server fails to locally deliver the message to the correct user. (This is a guess, truthfully I have no idea what is happening). I have checked my virtual alias table and it seems to be set up correctly (I can post if this would be helpful). Can anyone give me a clue as to the next step? Thanks alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes command_directory = /usr/sbin config_directory = /etc/postfix daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix debug_peer_level = 2 html_directory = no local_recipient_maps = $virtual_mailbox_maps mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix manpage_directory = /usr/share/man mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost, $mydomain myorigin = $mydomain newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.3.3/README_FILES sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.3.3/samples sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix setgid_group = postdrop smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks reject_unauth_destination smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes soft_bounce = no unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550 virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual My mail log file (the last entry) Sep 30 15:13:47 dedq239 postfix/cleanup[7237]: 207C6B18158: message-id=<[email protected]> Sep 30 15:13:47 dedq239 postfix/qmgr[7177]: 207C6B18158: from=<[email protected]>, size=1805, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Sep 30 15:13:47 dedq239 postfix/error[7238]: 207C6B18158: to=<[email protected]>, orig_to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=0.64, delays=0.61/0.01/0/0.02, dsn=5.0.0, status=bounced (User unknown in virtual alias table) Sep 30 15:13:47 dedq239 postfix/cleanup[7237]: 8DC13B18169: message-id=<[email protected]> Sep 30 15:13:47 dedq239 postfix/qmgr[7177]: 8DC13B18169: from=<>, size=3691, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Sep 30 15:13:47 dedq239 postfix/bounce[7239]: 207C6B18158: sender non-delivery notification: 8DC13B18169 Sep 30 15:13:47 dedq239 postfix/qmgr[7177]: 207C6B18158: removed Sep 30 15:13:48 dedq239 postfix/smtp[7240]: 8DC13B18169: to=<[email protected]>, relay=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[209.85.216.55]:25, delay=1.3, delays=0.02/0.01/0.58/0.75, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 OK 1254348828 36si15082901pxi.91) Sep 30 15:13:48 dedq239 postfix/qmgr[7177]: 8DC13B18169: removed Sep 30 15:14:17 dedq239 postfix/smtpd[7233]: disconnect from mail-bw0-f228.google.com[209.85.218.228] etc.aliases file below I have not touched this file - myvirtualdomain is a replacement for my real domain name # Aliases in this file will NOT be expanded in the header from # Mail, but WILL be visible over networks or from /bin/mail. # # >>>>>>>>>> The program "newaliases" must be run after # >> NOTE >> this file is updated for any changes to # >>>>>>>>>> show through to sendmail. # # Basic system aliases -- these MUST be present. mailer-daemon: postmaster postmaster: root # General redirections for pseudo accounts. bin: root daemon: root adm: root lp: root sync: root shutdown: root halt: root mail: root news: root uucp: root operator: root games: root gopher: root ftp: root nobody: root radiusd: root nut: root dbus: root vcsa: root canna: root wnn: root rpm: root nscd: root pcap: root apache: root webalizer: root dovecot: root fax: root quagga: root radvd: root pvm: root amanda: root privoxy: root ident: root named: root xfs: root gdm: root mailnull: root postgres: root sshd: root smmsp: root postfix: root netdump: root ldap: root squid: root ntp: root mysql: root desktop: root rpcuser: root rpc: root nfsnobody: root ingres: root system: root toor: root manager: root dumper: root abuse: root newsadm: news newsadmin: news usenet: news ftpadm: ftp ftpadmin: ftp ftp-adm: ftp ftp-admin: ftp www: webmaster webmaster: root noc: root security: root hostmaster: root info: postmaster marketing: postmaster sales: postmaster support: postmaster # trap decode to catch security attacks decode: root # Person who should get root's mail #root: marc abuse-myvirtualdomain.com: [email protected] My etc/postfix/virtual file is below - again myvirtualdomain is a replacement. I think this file was generated by Virtualmin and I have tried messing around with is with no success... This is the version without my changes. myunixusername@myvirtualdomain .com myunixusername myvirtualdomain .com myvirtualdomain.com [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

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• Windows 7 Pro sysprep not working

  - by Callum D

  Hello, I'm trying to sysprep a Windows 7 Professional machine, prior to grabbing an image for mass deployment on identical hardware, and am having a hard time getting sysprep to work (at all). I've created an XML answer file with WSIM, and have a basic setupcomplete.cmd file, but none of the configurations in the answer file seem to be applied. I've read technet articles and googled, and I still have no idea why this is happening. Is someone able to have a look at the answer file I've attached and let me know where I'm going wrong? thanks, Callum AutoUnattend.XML <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <unattend xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:unattend"> <settings pass="specialize"> <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Shell-Setup" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <AutoLogon> <Password> <Value>**********************************</Value> <PlainText>false</PlainText> </Password> <Username>administrator</Username> <LogonCount>1</LogonCount> <Enabled>true</Enabled> </AutoLogon> <WindowsFeatures> <ShowMediaCenter>false</ShowMediaCenter> <ShowWindowsMediaPlayer>false</ShowWindowsMediaPlayer> </WindowsFeatures> <CopyProfile>true</CopyProfile> <DoNotCleanTaskBar>true</DoNotCleanTaskBar> <RegisteredOrganization>SomeCompany (UK) Ltd.</RegisteredOrganization> <RegisteredOwner>SomeCompany User</RegisteredOwner> <ShowWindowsLive>false</ShowWindowsLive> <TimeZone>GMT Standard Time</TimeZone> </component> <component name="Security-Malware-Windows-Defender" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <DisableAntiSpyware>true</DisableAntiSpyware> </component> </settings> <settings pass="oobeSystem"> <component name="Microsoft-Windows-International-Core" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <SystemLocale>en-UK</SystemLocale> <UserLocale>en-UK</UserLocale> <UILanguage>en-US</UILanguage> <InputLocale>0809:00000809</InputLocale> </component> <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Shell-Setup" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <OOBE> <HideEULAPage>true</HideEULAPage> <HideWirelessSetupInOOBE>true</HideWirelessSetupInOOBE> <NetworkLocation>Work</NetworkLocation> <ProtectYourPC>1</ProtectYourPC> </OOBE> <UserAccounts> <AdministratorPassword> <Value>*************************************************=</Value> <PlainText>false</PlainText> </AdministratorPassword> </UserAccounts> </component> <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Deployment" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <Reseal> <Mode>OOBE</Mode> </Reseal> </component> </settings> <settings pass="generalize"> <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Security-SPP" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <SkipRearm>0</SkipRearm> </component> </settings> <settings pass="windowsPE"> <component name="Microsoft-Windows-Setup" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <UseConfigurationSet>true</UseConfigurationSet> </component> </settings> <cpi:offlineImage cpi:source="wim:c:/wim/install.wim#Windows 7 PROFESSIONAL" xmlns:cpi="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:cpi" /> </unattend>

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• Is post-sudden-power-loss filesystem corruption on an SSD drive's ext3 partition "expected behavior"?

  - by Jeremy Friesner

  My company makes an embedded Debian Linux device that boots from an ext3 partition on an internal SSD drive. Because the device is an embedded "black box", it is usually shut down the rude way, by simply cutting power to the device via an external switch. This is normally okay, as ext3's journalling keeps things in order, so other than the occasional loss of part of a log file, things keep chugging along fine. However, we've recently seen a number of units where after a number of hard-power-cycles the ext3 partition starts to develop structural issues -- in particular, we run e2fsck on the ext3 partition and it finds a number of issues like those shown in the output listing at the bottom of this Question. Running e2fsck until it stops reporting errors (or reformatting the partition) clears the issues. My question is... what are the implications of seeing problems like this on an ext3/SSD system that has been subjected to lots of sudden/unexpected shutdowns? My feeling is that this might be a sign of a software or hardware problem in our system, since my understanding is that (barring a bug or hardware problem) ext3's journalling feature is supposed to prevent these sorts of filesystem-integrity errors. (Note: I understand that user-data is not journalled and so munged/missing/truncated user-files can happen; I'm specifically talking here about filesystem-metadata errors like those shown below) My co-worker, on the other hand, says that this is known/expected behavior because SSD controllers sometimes re-order write commands and that can cause the ext3 journal to get confused. In particular, he believes that even given normally functioning hardware and bug-free software, the ext3 journal only makes filesystem corruption less likely, not impossible, so we should not be surprised to see problems like this from time to time. Which of us is right? Embedded-PC-failsafe:~# ls Embedded-PC-failsafe:~# umount /mnt/unionfs Embedded-PC-failsafe:~# e2fsck /dev/sda3 e2fsck 1.41.3 (12-Oct-2008) embeddedrootwrite contains a file system with errors, check forced. Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Invalid inode number for '.' in directory inode 46948. Fix<y>? yes Directory inode 46948, block 0, offset 12: directory corrupted Salvage<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_14h13m41.csv' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47075. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_10h42m58.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47076. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_11h29m41.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47080. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_11h42m13.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47081. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_12h07m17.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47083. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_12h14m53.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47085. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_15h06m49.csv' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47088. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-20_14h50m09.csv' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47073. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-20_14h55m32.csv' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47074. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_11h04m36.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47078. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_11h54m45.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47082. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_12h12m20.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47084. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_12h33m52.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47086. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_10h51m59.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47077. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_11h17m09.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47079. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_12h54m11.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47087. Clear<y>? yes Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity '..' in /etc/network/run (46948) is <The NULL inode> (0), should be /etc/network (46953). Fix<y>? yes Couldn't fix parent of inode 46948: Couldn't find parent directory entry Pass 4: Checking reference counts Unattached inode 46945 Connect to /lost+found<y>? yes Inode 46945 ref count is 2, should be 1. Fix<y>? yes Inode 46953 ref count is 5, should be 4. Fix<y>? yes Pass 5: Checking group summary information Block bitmap differences: -(208264--208266) -(210062--210068) -(211343--211491) -(213241--213250) -(213344--213393) -213397 -(213457--213463) -(213516--213521) -(213628--213655) -(213683--213688) -(213709--213728) -(215265--215300) -(215346--215365) -(221541--221551) -(221696--221704) -227517 Fix<y>? yes Free blocks count wrong for group #6 (17247, counted=17611). Fix<y>? yes Free blocks count wrong (161691, counted=162055). Fix<y>? yes Inode bitmap differences: +(47089--47090) +47093 +47095 +(47097--47099) +(47101--47104) -(47219--47220) -47222 -47224 -47228 -47231 -(47347--47348) -47350 -47352 -47356 -47359 -(47457--47488) -47985 -47996 -(47999--48000) -48017 -(48027--48028) -(48030--48032) -48049 -(48059--48060) -(48062--48064) -48081 -(48091--48092) -(48094--48096) Fix<y>? yes Free inodes count wrong for group #6 (7608, counted=7624). Fix<y>? yes Free inodes count wrong (61919, counted=61935). Fix<y>? yes embeddedrootwrite: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED ***** embeddedrootwrite: ********** WARNING: Filesystem still has errors ********** embeddedrootwrite: 657/62592 files (24.4% non-contiguous), 87882/249937 blocks Embedded-PC-failsafe:~# Embedded-PC-failsafe:~# e2fsck /dev/sda3 e2fsck 1.41.3 (12-Oct-2008) embeddedrootwrite contains a file system with errors, check forced. Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Directory entry for '.' in ... (46948) is big. Split<y>? yes Missing '..' in directory inode 46948. Fix<y>? yes Setting filetype for entry '..' in ... (46948) to 2. Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity '..' in /etc/network/run (46948) is <The NULL inode> (0), should be /etc/network (46953). Fix<y>? yes Pass 4: Checking reference counts Inode 2 ref count is 12, should be 13. Fix<y>? yes Pass 5: Checking group summary information embeddedrootwrite: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED ***** embeddedrootwrite: 657/62592 files (24.4% non-contiguous), 87882/249937 blocks Embedded-PC-failsafe:~# Embedded-PC-failsafe:~# e2fsck /dev/sda3 e2fsck 1.41.3 (12-Oct-2008) embeddedrootwrite: clean, 657/62592 files, 87882/249937 blocks

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• I need advices: small memory footprint linux mail server with spam filtering

  - by petermolnar

  I have a VPS which is originally destined to be a webserver but some minimal mail capabilities are needed to be deployed as well, including sending and receiving as standalone server. The current setup is the following: Postfix reveices the mail, the users are in virtual tables, stored in MySQL on connection all servers are tested with policyd-weight service against some DNSBLs all mail is runs through SpamAssassin spamd with the help of spamc client the mail is then delivered with Dovecot 2' LDA (local delivery agent), virtual users as well As you saw... there's no virus scanner running, and that's for a reason: clamav eats all the memory possible and also, virus mails are all filtered out with this setup (I've tested the same with ClamAV enabled for 1,5 years, no virus mail ever got even to ClamAV) I don't use amavisd and I really don't want to. You only need that monster if you have plenty of memory and lots of simultaneous scanners. It's also a nightmare to fine tune by hand. I run policyd-weight instead of policyd and native DNSBLs in postfix. I don't like to send someone away because a single service listed them. Important statement: everything works fine. I receive very small amount of spam, nearly never get a false positive and most of the bad mail is stopped by policyd-weight. The only "problem" that I feel the services at total uses a bit much memory alltogether. I've already cut the modules of spamassassin (see below), but I'd really like to hear some advices how to cut the memory footprint as low as possible, mostly: what plugins SpamAssassin really needs and what are more or less useless, regarding to my current postfix & policyd-weight setup? SpamAssassin rules are also compiled with sa-compile (sa-update runs once a week from cron, compile runs right after that) These are some of the current configurations that may matter, please tell me if you need anything more. postfix/master.cf (parts only) dovecot unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail:vmail argv=/usr/bin/spamc -e /usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -d ${recipient} -f {sender} postfix/main.cf (parts only) smtpd_helo_required = yes smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, reject_invalid_hostname, permit smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_invalid_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, reject_unauth_destination, check_policy_service inet:127.0.0.1:12525, permit policyd-weight.conf (parts only) $REJECTMSG = "550 Mail appeared to be SPAM or forged. Ask your Mail/DNS-Administrator to correct HELO and DNS MX settings or to get removed from DNSBLs"; $REJECTLEVEL = 4; $DEFER_STRING = 'IN_SPAMCOP= BOGUS_MX='; $DEFER_ACTION = '450'; $DEFER_LEVEL = 5; $DNSERRMSG = '450 No DNS entries for your MTA, HELO and Domain. Contact YOUR administrator'; # 1: ON, 0: OFF (default) # If ON request that ALL clients are only checked against RBLs $dnsbl_checks_only = 0; # 1: ON (default), 0: OFF # When set to ON it logs only RBLs which affect scoring (positive or negative) $LOG_BAD_RBL_ONLY = 1; ## DNSBL settings @dnsbl_score = ( # host, hit, miss, log name 'dnsbl.ahbl.org', 3, -1, 'dnsbl.ahbl.org', 'dnsbl.njabl.org', 3, -1, 'dnsbl.njabl.org', 'dnsbl.sorbs.net', 3, -1, 'dnsbl.sorbs.net', 'bl.spamcop.net', 3, -1, 'bl.spamcop.net', 'zen.spamhaus.org', 3, -1, 'zen.spamhaus.org', 'pbl.spamhaus.org', 3, -1, 'pbl.spamhaus.org', 'cbl.abuseat.org', 3, -1, 'cbl.abuseat.org', 'list.dsbl.org', 3, -1, 'list.dsbl.org', ); # If Client IP is listed in MORE DNSBLS than this var, it gets REJECTed immediately $MAXDNSBLHITS = 3; # alternatively, if the score of DNSBLs is ABOVE this level, reject immediately $MAXDNSBLSCORE = 9; $MAXDNSBLMSG = '550 Az levelezoszerveruk IP cime tul sok spamlistan talahato, kerjuk ellenorizze! / Your MTA is listed in too many DNSBLs; please check.'; ## RHSBL settings @rhsbl_score = ( 'multi.surbl.org', 4, 0, 'multi.surbl.org', 'rhsbl.ahbl.org', 4, 0, 'rhsbl.ahbl.org', 'dsn.rfc-ignorant.org', 4, 0, 'dsn.rfc-ignorant.org', # 'postmaster.rfc-ignorant.org', 0.1, 0, 'postmaster.rfc-ignorant.org', # 'abuse.rfc-ignorant.org', 0.1, 0, 'abuse.rfc-ignorant.org' ); # skip a RBL if this RBL had this many continuous errors $BL_ERROR_SKIP = 2; # skip a RBL for that many times $BL_SKIP_RELEASE = 10; ## cache stuff # must be a directory (add trailing slash) $LOCKPATH = '/var/run/policyd-weight/'; # socket path for the cache daemon. $SPATH = $LOCKPATH.'/polw.sock'; # how many seconds the cache may be idle before starting maintenance routines #NOTE: standard maintenance jobs happen regardless of this setting. $MAXIDLECACHE = 60; # after this number of requests do following maintenance jobs: checking for config changes $MAINTENANCE_LEVEL = 5; # negative (i.e. SPAM) result cache settings ################################## # set to 0 to disable caching for spam results. To this level the cache will be cleaned. $CACHESIZE = 2000; # at this number of entries cleanup takes place $CACHEMAXSIZE = 4000; $CACHEREJECTMSG = '550 temporarily blocked because of previous errors'; # after NTTL retries the cache entry is deleted $NTTL = 1; # client MUST NOT retry within this seconds in order to decrease TTL counter $NTIME = 30; # positve (i.,e. HAM) result cache settings ################################### # set to 0 to disable caching of HAM. To this number of entries the cache will be cleaned $POSCACHESIZE = 1000; # at this number of entries cleanup takes place $POSCACHEMAXSIZE = 2000; $POSCACHEMSG = 'using cached result'; #after PTTL requests the HAM entry must succeed one time the RBL checks again $PTTL = 60; # after $PTIME in HAM Cache the client must pass one time the RBL checks again. #Values must be nonfractal. Accepted time-units: s, m, h, d $PTIME = '3h'; # The client must pass this time the RBL checks in order to be listed as hard-HAM # After this time the client will pass immediately for PTTL within PTIME $TEMP_PTIME = '1d'; ## DNS settings # Retries for ONE DNS-Lookup $DNS_RETRIES = 1; # Retry-interval for ONE DNS-Lookup $DNS_RETRY_IVAL = 5; # max error count for unresponded queries in a complete policy query $MAXDNSERR = 3; $MAXDNSERRMSG = 'passed - too many local DNS-errors'; # persistent udp connection for DNS queries. #broken in Net::DNS version 0.51. Works with Net::DNS 0.53; DEFAULT: off $PUDP= 0; # Force the usage of Net::DNS for RBL lookups. # Normally policyd-weight tries to use a faster RBL lookup routine instead of Net::DNS $USE_NET_DNS = 0; # A list of space separated NS IPs # This overrides resolv.conf settings # Example: $NS = '1.2.3.4 1.2.3.5'; # DEFAULT: empty $NS = ''; # timeout for receiving from cache instance $IPC_TIMEOUT = 2; # If set to 1 policyd-weight closes connections to smtpd clients in order to avoid too many #established connections to one policyd-weight child $TRY_BALANCE = 0; # scores for checks, WARNING: they may manipulate eachother # or be factors for other scores. # HIT score, MISS Score @client_ip_eq_helo_score = (1.5, -1.25 ); @helo_score = (1.5, -2 ); @helo_score = (0, -2 ); @helo_from_mx_eq_ip_score= (1.5, -3.1 ); @helo_numeric_score= (2.5, 0 ); @from_match_regex_verified_helo= (1,-2 ); @from_match_regex_unverified_helo = (1.6, -1.5 ); @from_match_regex_failed_helo = (2.5, 0 ); @helo_seems_dialup = (1.5, 0 ); @failed_helo_seems_dialup= (2, 0 ); @helo_ip_in_client_subnet= (0,-1.2 ); @helo_ip_in_cl16_subnet = (0,-0.41 ); #@client_seems_dialup_score = (3.75, 0 ); @client_seems_dialup_score = (0, 0 ); @from_multiparted = (1.09, 0 ); @from_anon= (1.17, 0 ); @bogus_mx_score = (2.1, 0 ); @random_sender_score = (0.25, 0 ); @rhsbl_penalty_score = (3.1, 0 ); @enforce_dyndns_score = (3, 0 ); spamassassin/init.pre (I've put the .pre files together) loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::Hashcash loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::SPF loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::Pyzor loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::Razor2 loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::AutoLearnThreshold loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::MIMEHeader loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::ReplaceTags loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::Check loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::HTTPSMismatch loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::URIDetail loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::Bayes loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::BodyEval loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::DNSEval loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::HTMLEval loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::HeaderEval loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::MIMEEval loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::RelayEval loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::URIEval loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::WLBLEval loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::VBounce loadplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::Rule2XSBody spamassassin/local.cf (parts) use_bayes 1 bayes_auto_learn 1 bayes_store_module Mail::SpamAssassin::BayesStore::MySQL bayes_sql_dsn DBI:mysql:db:127.0.0.1:3306 bayes_sql_username user bayes_sql_password pass bayes_ignore_header X-Bogosity bayes_ignore_header X-Spam-Flag bayes_ignore_header X-Spam-Status ### User settings user_scores_dsn DBI:mysql:db:127.0.0.1:3306 user_scores_sql_password user user_scores_sql_username pass user_scores_sql_custom_query SELECT preference, value FROM _TABLE_ WHERE username = _USERNAME_ OR username = '$GLOBAL' OR username = CONCAT('%',_DOMAIN_) ORDER BY username ASC # for better speed score DNS_FROM_AHBL_RHSBL 0 score __RFC_IGNORANT_ENVFROM 0 score DNS_FROM_RFC_DSN 0 score DNS_FROM_RFC_BOGUSMX 0 score __DNS_FROM_RFC_POST 0 score __DNS_FROM_RFC_ABUSE 0 score __DNS_FROM_RFC_WHOIS 0 UPDATE 01 As adaptr advised I remove policyd-weight and configured postfix postscreen, this resulted approximately -15-20 MB from RAM usage and a lot faster work. I'm not sure it's working at full capacity but it seems promising.

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• How to remove the hint in the terminal?

  - by jiangchengwu

  As a normal user , when I run some command like ps\netstat, the terminal hint me: (Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.) I know could redirect STDERR to /dev/null can remove this hint. But I want to know is there any way to remove it , such as edit some configuration files ? [deploy@storage2 ~]$ ps -V (Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.) procps version 3.2.7 [deploy@storage2 ~]$ ps -V 2>/dev/null procps version 3.2.7 My OS info: [deploy@storage2 ~]$ uname -a Linux storage2 2.6.18-243.el5 #1 SMP Mon Feb 7 18:47:27 EST 2011 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [deploy@storage2 ~]$ lsb_release LSB Version: :core-3.1-amd64:core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-amd64:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch [deploy@storage2 ~]$ netstat -V (Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.) net-tools 1.60 netstat 1.42 (2001-04-15) Fred Baumgarten, Alan Cox, Bernd Eckenfels, Phil Blundell, Tuan Hoang and others +NEW_ADDRT +RTF_IRTT +RTF_REJECT +FW_MASQUERADE +I18N AF: (inet) +UNIX +INET +INET6 +IPX +AX25 +NETROM +X25 +ATALK +ECONET +ROSE HW: +ETHER +ARC +SLIP +PPP +TUNNEL +TR +AX25 +NETROM +X25 +FR +ROSE +ASH +SIT +FDDI +HIPPI +HDLC/LAPB There are more info from strace: [deploy@storage2 ~]$ strace ps -V execve("/bin/ps", ["ps", "-V"], [/* 27 vars */]) = 0 brk(0) = 0x929a000 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=99752, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 99752, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0xfffffffff7fde000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib/libnsl.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0 \241\210\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=101404, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xfffffffff7fdd000 mmap2(0x887000, 92104, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x887000 mmap2(0x89a000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x12) = 0x89a000 mmap2(0x89c000, 6088, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x89c000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0Pzt\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=16428, ...}) = 0 mmap2(0x747000, 12408, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x747000 mmap2(0x749000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x1) = 0x749000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib/libm.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0\20\204p\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=208352, ...}) = 0 mmap2(0x705000, 155760, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x705000 mmap2(0x72a000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x24) = 0x72a000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0\340\246q\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=45288, ...}) = 0 mmap2(0x71a000, 201020, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0xfffffffff7fab000 mmap2(0xf7fb4000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x8) = 0xfffffffff7fb4000 mmap2(0xf7fb6000, 155964, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xfffffffff7fb6000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib/libutil.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0 \n\0\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=13420, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 12428, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0xfffffffff7fa7000 mmap2(0xf7fa9000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x1) = 0xfffffffff7fa9000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib/libpthread.so.0", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0@(s\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=129716, ...}) = 0 mmap2(0x72e000, 90596, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x72e000 mmap2(0x741000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x13) = 0x741000 mmap2(0x743000, 4580, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x743000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0\340?]\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1611564, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xfffffffff7fa6000 mmap2(0x5be000, 1328580, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x5be000 mmap2(0x6fd000, 12288, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x13f) = 0x6fd000 mmap2(0x700000, 9668, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x700000 close(3) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xfffffffff7fa5000 set_thread_area(0xffd61bb4) = 0 mprotect(0x6fd000, 8192, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x741000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0xf7fa9000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0xf7fb4000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x72a000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x749000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x89a000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 mprotect(0x5ba000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 munmap(0xf7fde000, 99752) = 0 set_tid_address(0xf7fa5708) = 20214 set_robust_list(0xf7fa5710, 0xc) = 0 futex(0xffd61f74, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 1) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGRTMIN, {0x4007323d0, [], 0}, NULL, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGRT_1, {0x10000004007322e0, [], 0}, NULL, 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, [RTMIN RT_1], NULL, 8) = 0 getrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK, {rlim_cur=-4284481536, rlim_max=67108864*1024}) = 0 uname({sys="Linux", node="storage2", ...}) = 0 readlink("/proc/self/exe", "/bin/ps"..., 260) = 7 brk(0) = 0x929a000 brk(0x92bb000) = 0x92bb000 open("/bin/ps", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 3 _llseek(3, -12, [711660], SEEK_END) = 0 read(3, "\274U!\253\2\0\0\0\224\237\t\0", 12) = 12 mmap2(NULL, 634880, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, 3, 0x13) = 0xfffffffff7f0a000 mmap2(NULL, 630784, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xfffffffff7e70000 close(3) = 0 futex(0x74a06c, FUTEX_WAKE_PRIVATE, 2147483647) = 0 geteuid32() = 501 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 3 fcntl64(3, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(3) = 0 socket(PF_FILE, SOCK_STREAM, 0) = 3 fcntl64(3, F_SETFL, O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK) = 0 connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"...}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(3) = 0 open("/etc/nsswitch.conf", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=1696, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xfffffffff7ff6000 read(3, "#\n# /etc/nsswitch.conf\n#\n# An ex"..., 4096) = 1696 read(3, "", 4096) = 0 close(3) = 0 munmap(0xf7ff6000, 4096) = 0 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=99752, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 99752, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0xfffffffff7fde000 close(3) = 0 open("/lib/libnss_files.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0\300\30\0\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=46680, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 41616, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0xfffffffff7e65000 mmap2(0xf7e6e000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x8) = 0xfffffffff7e6e000 close(3) = 0 mprotect(0xf7e6e000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0 munmap(0xf7fde000, 99752) = 0 open("/etc/passwd", O_RDONLY) = 3 fcntl64(3, F_GETFD) = 0 fcntl64(3, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2166, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xfffffffff7ff6000 read(3, "root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash\n"..., 4096) = 2166 close(3) = 0 munmap(0xf7ff6000, 4096) = 0 mkdir("/tmp/pdk-deploy/", 0755) = -1 EEXIST (File exists) mkdir("/tmp/pdk-deploy/fcb734befe617ec3ae1edc38da810a5a", 0755) = -1 EEXIST (File exists) open("/tmp/pdk-deploy/fcb734befe617ec3ae1edc38da810a5a/libperl.so", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 3 close(3) = 0 open("/tmp/pdk-deploy/fcb734befe617ec3ae1edc38da810a5a/libperl.so", O_RDONLY) = 3 read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0\300!\2\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0664, st_size=1264090, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 1140104, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0xfffffffff7d4e000 mmap2(0xf7e5a000, 45056, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x10b) = 0xfffffffff7e5a000 close(3) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGFPE, {0x1000000000000001, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_STACK|SA_RESTART|SA_INTERRUPT|SA_NODEFER|SA_RESETHAND|SA_SIGINFO|0x3d61cb8, (nil)}, {SIG_DFL, ~[HUP INT ILL ABRT BUS SEGV USR2 PIPE ALRM TERM STOP TSTP TTIN TTOU XCPU WINCH IO PWR SYS RTMIN RT_1 RT_2 RT_4 RT_5 RT_8 RT_9 RT_11 RT_12 RT_13 RT_16 RT_17 RT_18 RT_22 RT_24 RT_25 RT_26 RT_27 RT_28 RT_29 RT_30 RT_31], SA_RESTART|SA_RESETHAND|0x22302d0}, 8) = 0 getuid32() = 501 geteuid32() = 501 getgid32() = 502 getegid32() = 502 open("/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 3 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=56454896, ...}) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 2097152, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0xfffffffff7b4e000 mmap2(NULL, 241664, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0x13ec) = 0xfffffffff7b13000 mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0x1466) = 0xfffffffff7b12000 close(3) = 0 mmap2(NULL, 135168, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0xfffffffff7af1000 time(NULL) = 1348210009 readlink("/proc/self/exe", "/bin/ps"..., 4095) = 7 ioctl(0, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or TCGETS, {B38400 opost isig icanon echo ...}) = 0 _llseek(0, 0, 0xffd618d0, SEEK_CUR) = -1 ESPIPE (Illegal seek) ioctl(1, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or TCGETS, 0xffd618a8) = -1 EINVAL (Invalid argument) _llseek(1, 0, 0xffd618d0, SEEK_CUR) = -1 ESPIPE (Illegal seek) ioctl(2, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or TCGETS, 0xffd618a8) = -1 EINVAL (Invalid argument) _llseek(2, 0, 0xffd618d0, SEEK_CUR) = -1 ESPIPE (Illegal seek) open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 3 ioctl(3, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or TCGETS, 0xffd61978) = -1 ENOTTY (Inappropriate ioctl for device) _llseek(3, 0, [0], SEEK_CUR) = 0 fcntl64(3, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGCHLD, NULL, {SIG_DFL, [], SA_RESTART|SA_RESETHAND|0x22302d0}, 8) = 0 brk(0x92dc000) = 0x92dc000 getppid() = 20212 stat64("/opt/ActivePerl-5.8/site/lib/sitecustomize.pl", 0xffd61560) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) close(3) = 0 open("/usr/lib/.khostd/.hostconf", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 3 ioctl(3, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or TCGETS, 0xffd61828) = -1 ENOTTY (Inappropriate ioctl for device) _llseek(3, 0, [0], SEEK_CUR) = 0 fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=334, ...}) = 0 fcntl64(3, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) = 0 read(3, "bindport=9001\ntrustip=221.122.57"..., 4096) = 334 read(3, "", 4096) = 0 close(3) = 0 pipe([3, 4]) = 0 pipe([5, 6]) = 0 clone(child_stack=0, flags=CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID|CLONE_CHILD_SETTID|SIGCHLD, child_tidptr=0) = 20215 close(6) = 0 close(4) = 0 read(5, "", 4) = 0 close(5) = 0 ioctl(3, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or TCGETS, 0xffd61868) = -1 EINVAL (Invalid argument) _llseek(3, 0, 0xffd61890, SEEK_CUR) = -1 ESPIPE (Illegal seek) fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFIFO|0600, st_size=0, ...}) = 0 read(3, (Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.) "tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:9001"..., 4096) = 109 read(3, "", 4096) = 0 --- SIGCHLD (Child exited) @ 0 (0) --- fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFIFO|0600, st_size=0, ...}) = 0 close(3) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGHUP, {0x1, [], SA_STACK|0x129b3d8}, {SIG_DFL, ~[HUP INT ILL TRAP KILL SEGV ALRM TERM STKFLT CHLD TSTP TTOU RT_1 RT_2 RT_3 RT_6 RT_9 RT_11 RT_14 RT_15 RT_16 RT_17 RT_20 RT_22], SA_RESTART|SA_RESETHAND|0x22302d0}, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {0x1, [], SA_STACK|0x129b3d8}, {SIG_DFL, [TRAP BUS FPE USR1 CHLD CONT TTOU VTALRM IO RTMIN], SA_RESTART|SA_RESETHAND|0x22302d0}, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGQUIT, {0x1, [], 0}, {SIG_DFL, ~[HUP INT ILL TRAP KILL SEGV ALRM TERM STKFLT CHLD TSTP TTOU RT_1 RT_2 RT_3 RT_6 RT_9 RT_11 RT_14 RT_15 RT_16 RT_17 RT_20 RT_22], SA_RESTART|SA_RESETHAND|0x22302d0}, 8) = 0 waitpid(20215, [{WIFEXITED(s) && WEXITSTATUS(s) == 0}], 0) = 20215 rt_sigaction(SIGHUP, {SIG_DFL, ~[HUP INT ILL TRAP KILL SEGV ALRM TERM STKFLT CHLD TSTP TTOU RT_1 RT_2 RT_3 RT_6 RT_9 RT_11 RT_14 RT_15 RT_16 RT_17 RT_20 RT_22], SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT}, NULL, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {SIG_DFL, [TRAP BUS FPE USR1 CHLD CONT TTOU VTALRM IO RTMIN], SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT}, NULL, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGQUIT, {SIG_DFL, ~[HUP INT ILL TRAP KILL SEGV ALRM TERM STKFLT CHLD TSTP TTOU RT_1 RT_2 RT_3 RT_6 RT_9 RT_11 RT_14 RT_15 RT_16 RT_17 RT_20 RT_22], SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT}, NULL, 8) = 0 chdir("/usr/lib/.khostd") = 0 pipe([3, 4]) = 0 pipe([5, 6]) = 0 clone(child_stack=0, flags=CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID|CLONE_CHILD_SETTID|SIGCHLD, child_tidptr=0) = 20218 close(6) = 0 close(4) = 0 read(5, "", 4) = 0 close(5) = 0 ioctl(3, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or TCGETS, 0xffd61868) = -1 EINVAL (Invalid argument) _llseek(3, 0, 0xffd61890, SEEK_CUR) = -1 ESPIPE (Illegal seek) read(3, "", 4096) = 0 --- SIGCHLD (Child exited) @ 0 (0) --- close(3) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGHUP, {0x1, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_STACK|SA_RESTART|SA_INTERRUPT|SA_NODEFER|SA_RESETHAND|0x3d61850, (nil)}, {SIG_DFL, ~[HUP INT ILL TRAP KILL SEGV ALRM TERM STKFLT CHLD TSTP TTOU RT_1 RT_2 RT_3 RT_6 RT_9 RT_11 RT_14 RT_15 RT_16 RT_17 RT_20 RT_22], SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT}, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {0x1, [], SA_STACK|0x129b3d8}, {SIG_DFL, [HUP INT], SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT}, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGQUIT, {0x1, [], 0}, {SIG_DFL, ~[HUP INT ILL TRAP KILL SEGV ALRM TERM STKFLT CHLD TSTP TTOU RT_1 RT_2 RT_3 RT_6 RT_9 RT_11 RT_14 RT_15 RT_16 RT_17 RT_20 RT_22], SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT}, 8) = 0 waitpid(20218, [{WIFEXITED(s) && WEXITSTATUS(s) == 0}], 0) = 20218 rt_sigaction(SIGHUP, {SIG_DFL, ~[HUP INT ILL TRAP KILL SEGV ALRM TERM STKFLT CHLD TSTP TTOU RT_1 RT_2 RT_3 RT_6 RT_9 RT_11 RT_14 RT_15 RT_16 RT_17 RT_20 RT_22], SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT}, NULL, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {SIG_DFL, [HUP INT], SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT}, NULL, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGQUIT, {SIG_DFL, ~[HUP INT ILL TRAP KILL SEGV ALRM TERM STKFLT CHLD TSTP TTOU RT_1 RT_2 RT_3 RT_6 RT_9 RT_11 RT_14 RT_15 RT_16 RT_17 RT_20 RT_22], SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT}, NULL, 8) = 0 chdir("/home/deploy") = 0 stat64("/etc/cron.hourly/hichina", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=711660, ...}) = 0 pipe([3, 4]) = 0 pipe([5, 6]) = 0 clone(child_stack=0, flags=CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID|CLONE_CHILD_SETTID|SIGCHLD, child_tidptr=0) = 20230 close(6) = 0 close(4) = 0 read(5, "", 4) = 0 close(5) = 0 ioctl(3, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or TCGETS, 0xffd61868) = -1 EINVAL (Invalid argument) _llseek(3, 0, 0xffd61890, SEEK_CUR) = -1 ESPIPE (Illegal seek) read(3, "procps version 3.2.7\n", 4096) = 21 read(3, "", 4096) = 0 --- SIGCHLD (Child exited) @ 0 (0) --- close(3) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGHUP, {0x1, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_STACK|SA_RESTART|SA_INTERRUPT|SA_NODEFER|SA_RESETHAND|0x3d61850, (nil)}, {SIG_DFL, ~[HUP INT ILL TRAP KILL SEGV ALRM TERM STKFLT CHLD TSTP TTOU RT_1 RT_2 RT_3 RT_6 RT_9 RT_11 RT_14 RT_15 RT_16 RT_17 RT_20 RT_22], SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT}, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {0x1, [], SA_STACK|0x129b3d8}, {SIG_DFL, [HUP INT], SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT}, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGQUIT, {0x1, [], 0}, {SIG_DFL, ~[HUP INT ILL TRAP KILL SEGV ALRM TERM STKFLT CHLD TSTP TTOU RT_1 RT_2 RT_3 RT_6 RT_9 RT_11 RT_14 RT_15 RT_16 RT_17 RT_20 RT_22], SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT}, 8) = 0 waitpid(20230, [{WIFEXITED(s) && WEXITSTATUS(s) == 0}], 0) = 20230 rt_sigaction(SIGHUP, {SIG_DFL, ~[HUP INT ILL TRAP KILL SEGV ALRM TERM STKFLT CHLD TSTP TTOU RT_1 RT_2 RT_3 RT_6 RT_9 RT_11 RT_14 RT_15 RT_16 RT_17 RT_20 RT_22], SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT}, NULL, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {SIG_DFL, [HUP INT], SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT}, NULL, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGQUIT, {SIG_DFL, ~[HUP INT ILL TRAP KILL SEGV ALRM TERM STKFLT CHLD TSTP TTOU RT_1 RT_2 RT_3 RT_6 RT_9 RT_11 RT_14 RT_15 RT_16 RT_17 RT_20 RT_22], SA_NOCLDSTOP|SA_NOCLDWAIT}, NULL, 8) = 0 write(1, "procps version 3.2.7\n", 21procps version 3.2.7 ) = 21 munmap(0xf7af1000, 135168) = 0 munmap(0xf7e70000, 630784) = 0 munmap(0xf7f0a000, 634880) = 0 munmap(0xf7d4e000, 1140104) = 0 exit_group(0) = ? [ Process PID=20214 runs in 32 bit mode. ] Thank you very much.

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• MySQL 5.1.49 freezing every two days

  - by maximus

  Hi all, our mysql system is "freezing" every two days. By "freezing" i mean the following: it doesn't respond to ping we can't login with SSH we don't get any answer from MySQL there is no entry in the error logs! neither from linux neither from MySQL. we have already changed to a completely new hardware, we have the same problem, so it's definitely not a hardware problem. we do not have any other software installed except a firewall (iptables rule) we can restart the server from another server using rsyslog (www.rsyslog.com)(software reset) Could someone help me, by giving me some pointers what could i do to figure out the problem? I have included every detail about our settings. Thank you in advance for your help. Max. Our system parameters and settings: System-Memory: 12GB Processor: Intel 7-920 Quadcore Operating system: Debian 5 (lenny) 64bit MySQL 5.1.49 Databases: (a) a small phpbb forum (b) a 6GB database 3 tables with about 15 million rows my.cnf # # The MySQL database server configuration file. # # You can copy this to one of: # - "/etc/mysql/my.cnf" to set global options, # - "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options. # # One can use all long options that the program supports. # Run program with --help to get a list of available options and with # --print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use. # # For explanations see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html # This will be passed to all mysql clients # It has been reported that passwords should be enclosed with ticks/quotes # escpecially if they contain "#" chars... # Remember to edit /etc/mysql/debian.cnf when changing the socket location. [client] port = 3306 socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock # Here is entries for some specific programs # The following values assume you have at least 32M ram # This was formally known as [safe_mysqld]. Both versions are currently parsed. [mysqld_safe] socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock nice = 0 [mysqld] # # * Basic Settings # user = mysql pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp language = /usr/share/mysql/english skip-external-locking # # Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on # localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure. bind-address = our-ip-address # # * Fine Tuning # key_buffer = 16M max_allowed_packet = 16M thread_stack = 256K thread_cache_size = 32 max_connections = 300 table_cache = 2048 #thread_concurrency = 4 # Used for InnoDB tables recommended to 50%-80% available memory innodb_buffer_pool_size = 6G # 20MB sometimes larger innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M # 8M-16M is good for most situations innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M # Disable XA support because we do not use it innodb-support-xa = 0 # 1 is default wich is 100% secure but 2 offers better performance innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT #innodb_thread_concurency = 8 # Recommended 64M - 512M depending on server size innodb_log_file_size = 512M # One file per table innodb_file_per_table # # * Query Cache Configuration # query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_size = 16M #query_cache_type = 1 #query_cache_min_res_unit= 2K #join_buffer_size = 1M # # * Logging and Replication # # Both location gets rotated by the cronjob. # Be aware that this log type is a performance killer. # As of 5.1 you can enable the log at runtime! #general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log #general_log = 1 # # Error logging goes to syslog. This is a Debian improvement :) # # Here you can see queries with especially long duration log_slow_queries = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log long_query_time = 2 log-queries-not-using-indexes # # The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication. #server-id = 1 log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log # WARNING: Using expire_logs_days without bin_log crashes the server! See README.Debian! expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M #binlog_do_db = include_database_name #binlog_ignore_db = include_database_name # # InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/. # Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many! # * InnoDB plugin # As of MySQL 5.1.38, the InnoDB plugin from Oracle is included in the MySQL source code. # It has many improvements and better performances than the built-in InnoDB storage engine. # Please read http://www.innodb.com/products/innodb_plugin/ for more information. # Uncommenting the two following lines to use the InnoDB plugin. ignore_builtin_innodb plugin-load=innodb=ha_innodb_plugin.so # # * Security Features # # Read the manual, too, if you want chroot! # chroot = /var/lib/mysql/ # # For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI "tinyca". # # ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem # ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem # ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem [mysqldump] quick quote-names max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] #no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql but no tab completition [isamchk] key_buffer = 16M # # * NDB Cluster # # See /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-*/README.Debian for more information. # # The following configuration is read by the NDB Data Nodes (ndbd processes) # not from the NDB Management Nodes (ndb_mgmd processes). # # [MYSQL_CLUSTER] # ndb-connectstring=127.0.0.1 # # * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file! # !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/ UPDATE After installing sysstat and configuring it to collect data after every minute i have the following datas. I used sar to generate the following output: The log-file is too big so coudn't enter it here but uploaded to box.net. The link is http://www.box.net/shared/xc6rh7qqob SECOND UPDATE We started a ping command in the background, and that solved the problem. Now the server does work since more then a week. We still don't know what's the problem.

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• Active directory authentication for Ubuntu Linux login and cifs mounting home directories...

  - by Jamie

  I've configured my Ubuntu 10.04 Server LTS Beta 2 residing on a windows network to authenticate logins using active directory, then mount a windows share to serve as there home directory. Here is what I did starting from the initial installation of Ubuntu. Download and install Ubuntu Server 10.04 LTS Beta 2 Get updates # sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade Install an SSH server (sshd) # sudo apt-get install openssh-server Some would argue that you should "lock sshd down" by disabling root logins. I figure if your smart enough to hack an ssh session for a root password, you're probably not going to be thwarted by the addition of PermitRootLogin no in the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file. If your paranoid or not simply not convinced then edit the file or give the following a spin: # (grep PermitRootLogin /etc/ssh/sshd_conifg && sudo sed -ri 's/PermitRootLogin ).+/\1no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_conifg) || echo "PermitRootLogin not found. Add it manually." Install required packages # sudo apt-get install winbind samba smbfs smbclient ntp krb5-user Do some basic networking housecleaning in preparation for the specific package configurations to come. Determine your windows domain name, DNS server name, and IP address for the active directory server (for samba). For conveniance I set environment variables for the windows domain and DNS server. For me it was (my AD IP address was 192.168.20.11): # WINDOMAIN=mydomain.local && WINDNS=srv1.$WINDOMAIN If you want to figure out what your domain and DNS server is (I was contractor and didn't know the network) check out this helpful reference. The authentication and file sharing processes for the Windows and Linux boxes need to have their clocks agree. Do this with an NTP service, and on the server version of Ubuntu the NTP service comes installed and preconfigured. The network I was joining had the DNS server serving up the NTP service too. # sudo sed -ri "s/^(server[ \t]).+/\1$WINDNS/" /etc/ntp.conf Restart the NTP daemon # sudo /etc/init.d/ntp restart We need to christen the Linux box on the new network, this is done by editing the host file (replace the DNS of with the FQDN of the windows DNS): # sudo sed -ri "s/^(127\.0\.0\.1[ \t]).*/\1$(hostname).$WINDOMAIN localhost $(hostname)/" /etc/hosts Kerberos configuration. The instructions that follow here aren't to be taken literally: the values for MYDOMAIN.LOCAL and srv1.mydomain.local need to be replaced with what's appropriate for your network when you edit the files. Edit the (previously installed above) /etc/krb5.conf file. Find the [libdefaults] section and change (or add) the key value pair (and it is in UPPERCASE WHERE IT NEEDS TO BE): [libdefaults] default_realm = MYDOMAIN.LOCAL Add the following to the [realms] section of the file: MYDOMAIN.LOCAL = { kdc = srv1.mydomain.local admin_server = srv1.mydomain.local default_domain = MYDOMAIN.LOCAL } Add the following to the [domain_realm] section of the file: .mydomain.local = MYDOMAIN.LOCAL mydomain.local = MYDOMAIN.LOCAL Conmfigure samba. When it's all said done, I don't know where SAMBA fits in ... I used cifs to mount the windows shares ... regardless, my system works and this is how I did it. Replace /etc/samba/smb.conf (remember I was working from a clean distro of Ubuntu, so I wasn't worried about breaking anything): [global] security = ads realm = MYDOMAIN.LOCAL password server = 192.168.20.11 workgroup = MYDOMAIN idmap uid = 10000-20000 idmap gid = 10000-20000 winbind enum users = yes winbind enum groups = yes template homedir = /home/%D/%U template shell = /bin/bash client use spnego = yes client ntlmv2 auth = yes encrypt passwords = yes winbind use default domain = yes restrict anonymous = 2 Start and stop various services. # sudo /etc/init.d/winbind stop # sudo service smbd restart # sudo /etc/init.d/winbind start Setup the authentication. Edit the /etc/nsswitch.conf. Here are the contents of mine: passwd: compat winbind group: compat winbind shadow: compat winbind hosts: files dns networks: files protocols: db files services: db files ethers: db files rpc: db files Start and stop various services. # sudo /etc/init.d/winbind stop # sudo service smbd restart # sudo /etc/init.d/winbind start At this point I could login, home directories didn't exist, but I could login. Later I'll come back and add how I got the cifs automounting to work. Numerous resources were considered so I could figure this out. Here is a short list (a number of these links point to mine own questions on the topic): Samba Kerberos Active Directory WinBind Mounting Linux user home directories on CIFS server Authenticating OpenBSD against Active Directory How to use Active Directory to authenticate linux users Mounting windows shares with Active Directory permissions Using Active Directory authentication with Samba on Ubuntu 9.10 server 64bit How practical is to authenticate a Linux server against AD? Auto-mounting a windows share on Linux AD login

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• Optimizing MySQL for small VPS

  - by Chris M

  I'm trying to optimize my MySQL config for a verrry small VPS. The VPS is also running NGINX/PHP-FPM and Magento; all with a limit of 250MB of RAM. This is an output of MySQL Tuner... -------- General Statistics -------------------------------------------------- [--] Skipped version check for MySQLTuner script [OK] Currently running supported MySQL version 5.1.41-3ubuntu12.8 [OK] Operating on 64-bit architecture -------- Storage Engine Statistics ------------------------------------------- [--] Status: -Archive -BDB -Federated +InnoDB -ISAM -NDBCluster [--] Data in MyISAM tables: 1M (Tables: 14) [--] Data in InnoDB tables: 29M (Tables: 301) [--] Data in MEMORY tables: 1M (Tables: 17) [!!] Total fragmented tables: 301 -------- Security Recommendations ------------------------------------------- [OK] All database users have passwords assigned -------- Performance Metrics ------------------------------------------------- [--] Up for: 2d 11h 14m 58s (1M q [8.038 qps], 33K conn, TX: 2B, RX: 618M) [--] Reads / Writes: 83% / 17% [--] Total buffers: 122.0M global + 8.6M per thread (100 max threads) [!!] Maximum possible memory usage: 978.2M (404% of installed RAM) [OK] Slow queries: 0% (37/1M) [OK] Highest usage of available connections: 6% (6/100) [OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 32.0M/282.0K [OK] Key buffer hit rate: 99.7% (358K cached / 1K reads) [OK] Query cache efficiency: 83.4% (1M cached / 1M selects) [!!] Query cache prunes per day: 48301 [OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (0 temp sorts / 144K sorts) [OK] Temporary tables created on disk: 13% (27K on disk / 203K total) [OK] Thread cache hit rate: 99% (6 created / 33K connections) [!!] Table cache hit rate: 0% (32 open / 51K opened) [OK] Open file limit used: 1% (20/1K) [OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 99% (1M immediate / 1M locks) [!!] InnoDB data size / buffer pool: 29.2M/8.0M -------- Recommendations ----------------------------------------------------- General recommendations: Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance Reduce your overall MySQL memory footprint for system stability Enable the slow query log to troubleshoot bad queries Increase table_cache gradually to avoid file descriptor limits Variables to adjust: *** MySQL's maximum memory usage is dangerously high *** *** Add RAM before increasing MySQL buffer variables *** query_cache_size (> 64M) table_cache (> 32) innodb_buffer_pool_size (>= 29M) and this is the config. # # The MySQL database server configuration file. # # You can copy this to one of: # - "/etc/mysql/my.cnf" to set global options, # - "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options. # # One can use all long options that the program supports. # Run program with --help to get a list of available options and with # --print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use. # # For explanations see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html # This will be passed to all mysql clients # It has been reported that passwords should be enclosed with ticks/quotes # escpecially if they contain "#" chars... # Remember to edit /etc/mysql/debian.cnf when changing the socket location. [client] port = 3306 socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock # Here is entries for some specific programs # The following values assume you have at least 32M ram # This was formally known as [safe_mysqld]. Both versions are currently parsed. [mysqld_safe] socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock nice = 0 [mysqld] # # * Basic Settings # # # * IMPORTANT # If you make changes to these settings and your system uses apparmor, you may # also need to also adjust /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld. # user = mysql socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp skip-external-locking # # Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on # localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure. bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # # * Fine Tuning # key_buffer = 32M max_allowed_packet = 16M thread_stack = 192K thread_cache_size = 8 sort_buffer_size = 4M read_buffer_size = 4M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 16M # This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed # the first time they are touched myisam-recover = BACKUP max_connections = 100 table_cache = 32 tmp_table_size = 128M #thread_concurrency = 10 # # * Query Cache Configuration # #query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_type = 1 query_cache_size = 64M # # * Logging and Replication # # Both location gets rotated by the cronjob. # Be aware that this log type is a performance killer. # As of 5.1 you can enable the log at runtime! #general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log #general_log = 1 log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log # Here you can see queries with especially long duration #log_slow_queries = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log #long_query_time = 2 #log-queries-not-using-indexes # # The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication. # note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about # other settings you may need to change. #server-id = 1 #log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M #binlog_do_db = include_database_name #binlog_ignore_db = include_database_name # # * InnoDB # # InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/. # Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many! # # * Security Features # # Read the manual, too, if you want chroot! # chroot = /var/lib/mysql/ # # For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI "tinyca". # # ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem # ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem # ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem [mysqldump] quick quote-names max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] #no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql but no tab completition [isamchk] key_buffer = 16M # # * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file! # The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored. # !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/ The site contains 1 wordpress site,so lots of MYISAM but mostly static content as its not changing all that often (A wordpress cache plugin deals with this). And the Magento Site which consists of a lot of InnoDB tables, some MyISAM and some INMEMORY. The "read" side seems to be running pretty well with a mass of optimizations I've used on Magento, the NGINX setup and PHP-FPM + XCACHE. I'd love to have a kick in the right direction with the MySQL config so I'm not blindly altering it based on the MySQLTuner without understanding what I'm changing. Thanks

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• Exposing the AnyConnect HTTPS service to outside network

  - by Maciej Swic

  We have a Cisco ASA 5505 with firmware ASA9.0(1) and ASDM 7.0(2). It is configured with a public ip address, and when trying to reach it from the outside by HTTPS for AnyConnect VPN, we get the following log output: 6 Nov 12 2012 07:01:40 <client-ip> 51000 <asa-ip> 443 Built inbound TCP connection 2889 for outside:<client-ip>/51000 (<client-ip>/51000) to identity:<asa-ip>/443 (<asa-ip>/443) 6 Nov 12 2012 07:01:40 <client-ip> 50999 <asa-ip> 443 Built inbound TCP connection 2890 for outside:<client-ip>/50999 (<client-ip>/50999) to identity:<asa-ip>/443 (<asa-ip>/443) 6 Nov 12 2012 07:01:40 <client-ip> 51000 <asa-ip> 443 Teardown TCP connection 2889 for outside:<client-ip>/51000 to identity:<asa-ip>/443 duration 0:00:00 bytes 0 No valid adjacency 6 Nov 12 2012 07:01:40 <client-ip> 50999 <asa-ip> 443 Teardown TCP connection 2890 for outside:<client-ip>/50999 to identity:<asa-ip>/443 duration 0:00:00 bytes 0 No valid adjacency We finished the startup wizard and the anyconnect vpn wizard and here is the resulting configuration: Cryptochecksum: 12262d68 23b0d136 bb55644a 9c08f86b : Saved : Written by enable_15 at 07:08:30.519 UTC Mon Nov 12 2012 ! ASA Version 9.0(1) ! hostname vpn domain-name office.<redacted>.com enable password <redacted> encrypted passwd <redacted> encrypted names ip local pool vpn-pool 192.168.67.2-192.168.67.253 mask 255.255.255.0 ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 2 ! interface Ethernet0/1 ! interface Ethernet0/2 ! interface Ethernet0/3 ! interface Ethernet0/4 ! interface Ethernet0/5 ! interface Ethernet0/6 ! interface Ethernet0/7 ! interface Vlan1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 192.168.68.250 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan2 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address <redacted> 255.255.255.248 ! ftp mode passive dns server-group DefaultDNS domain-name office.<redacted>.com object network obj_any subnet 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 pager lines 24 logging enable logging asdm informational mtu outside 1500 mtu inside 1500 icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 no arp permit-nonconnected ! object network obj_any nat (inside,outside) dynamic interface timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout pat-xlate 0:00:30 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute timeout tcp-proxy-reassembly 0:01:00 timeout floating-conn 0:00:00 dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy user-identity default-domain LOCAL http server enable http 192.168.68.0 255.255.255.0 inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart warmstart crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal DES protocol esp encryption des protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal 3DES protocol esp encryption 3des protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES protocol esp encryption aes protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES192 protocol esp encryption aes-192 protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES256 protocol esp encryption aes-256 protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec security-association pmtu-aging infinite crypto dynamic-map SYSTEM_DEFAULT_CRYPTO_MAP 65535 set ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES256 AES192 AES 3DES DES crypto map outside_map 65535 ipsec-isakmp dynamic SYSTEM_DEFAULT_CRYPTO_MAP crypto map outside_map interface outside crypto map inside_map 65535 ipsec-isakmp dynamic SYSTEM_DEFAULT_CRYPTO_MAP crypto map inside_map interface inside crypto ca trustpoint _SmartCallHome_ServerCA crl configure crypto ca trustpoint ASDM_TrustPoint0 enrollment self subject-name CN=vpn proxy-ldc-issuer crl configure crypto ca trustpool policy crypto ca certificate chain _SmartCallHome_ServerCA certificate ca 6ecc7aa5a7032009b8cebcf4e952d491 <redacted> quit crypto ca certificate chain ASDM_TrustPoint0 certificate f678a050 <redacted> quit crypto ikev2 policy 1 encryption aes-256 integrity sha group 5 2 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 10 encryption aes-192 integrity sha group 5 2 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 20 encryption aes integrity sha group 5 2 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 30 encryption 3des integrity sha group 5 2 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 40 encryption des integrity sha group 5 2 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 enable outside client-services port 443 crypto ikev2 remote-access trustpoint ASDM_TrustPoint0 telnet timeout 5 ssh 192.168.68.0 255.255.255.0 inside ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 vpn-addr-assign local reuse-delay 60 dhcpd auto_config outside ! dhcpd address 192.168.68.254-192.168.68.254 inside ! threat-detection basic-threat threat-detection statistics access-list no threat-detection statistics tcp-intercept ssl trust-point ASDM_TrustPoint0 inside ssl trust-point ASDM_TrustPoint0 outside webvpn enable outside enable inside anyconnect image disk0:/anyconnect-win-3.1.01065-k9.pkg 1 anyconnect image disk0:/anyconnect-linux-3.1.01065-k9.pkg 2 anyconnect image disk0:/anyconnect-macosx-i386-3.1.01065-k9.pkg 3 anyconnect profiles GM-AnyConnect_client_profile disk0:/GM-AnyConnect_client_profile.xml anyconnect enable tunnel-group-list enable group-policy GroupPolicy_GM-AnyConnect internal group-policy GroupPolicy_GM-AnyConnect attributes wins-server none dns-server value 192.168.68.254 vpn-tunnel-protocol ikev2 ssl-client default-domain value office.<redacted>.com webvpn anyconnect profiles value GM-AnyConnect_client_profile type user username <redacted> password <redacted> encrypted tunnel-group GM-AnyConnect type remote-access tunnel-group GM-AnyConnect general-attributes address-pool vpn-pool default-group-policy GroupPolicy_GM-AnyConnect tunnel-group GM-AnyConnect webvpn-attributes group-alias GM-AnyConnect enable ! class-map inspection_default match default-inspection-traffic ! ! policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map parameters message-length maximum client auto message-length maximum 512 policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns preset_dns_map inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect esmtp inspect sqlnet inspect skinny inspect sunrpc inspect xdmcp inspect sip inspect netbios inspect tftp inspect ip-options ! service-policy global_policy global prompt hostname context call-home reporting anonymous Cryptochecksum:12262d6823b0d136bb55644a9c08f86b : end Clearly we are missing something, but the question is, what?

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• What is Causing this IIS 7 Web Service Sporadic Connectivity Error?

  - by dpalau

  On sporadic occasions we receive the following error when attempting to call an .asmx web service from a .Net client application: "The underlying connection was closed: A connection that was expected to be kept alive was closed by the server. Unable to read data from the transport connection: An existing connection was forcibly closed by the remote host." By sporadic I mean that it might occur zero, once every few days, or a half-dozen times a day for some users. It will never occur for the first web service call of a user. And the subsequent (usually the same) call will always work immediately after the failure. The failures happen across a variety of methods in the service and usually happens between 15-20 seconds (according to the log) from the time of the request. Looking in the IIS site log for the particular call will show one or the other of the following windows error codes: 121: The semaphore timeout period has elapsed. 1236: The network connection was aborted by the local system. Some additional environment details: Running on internal network web farm consisting of two servers running IIS7 on Windows Server 2008 OS. These problems did not occur when running in an older IIS6 web farm of three servers running on Windows Server 2003 (and we use a single IIS6/2003 instance for our development and staging environments with no issues). EDIT: Also, all of these server instances are VMWare virtual machines, not sure if that is a surprise anymore or not. The web service is a .Net 2.0/3.5 compiled .asmx web service that has its own application pool (.Net 2.0, integrated pipeline). Only has Windows Authentication enabled. We have another web service on the farm that uses the same physical path as the primary service, the only difference being that Basic Authentication is enabled. This is used for a portion of our ERP system. Have tried using the same and different application pool - no effect on the error. This site isn't hit as often as the primary site and has never had an error. As mentioned, the error will only happen when called from the .Net client - not from other applications. The client application is always creating a new web service object for each request and setting the service credentials to System.Net.CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials. The application is either deployed locally to a client or run in a Citrix server session. Those users running in Citrix doesn't seem to experience the issue, only locally deployed clients. The Citrix servers and the web farm are located in the same physical location and are located in the same IP range (10.67.xx.xx). Locally deployed clients experiencing the error are located elsewhere (10.105.xx.xx, 10.31.xx.xx). I've checked the OS logs to see if I can see any problems but nothing really sticks out. EDIT: Actually, I myself just ran into the error a little bit ago. I decided to check out the logs again and saw that there was a Security log entry of "Audit Failure" at the 'same' time (IIS log entry at 1:39:59, event log entry at 1:39:50). Not sure if this is a coincidence or not, I'll have to check out the logs of previous errors. I'm probably grasping for straws but the details: Log Name: Security Source: Microsoft-Windows-Security-Auditing Date: 7/8/2009 1:39:50 PM Event ID: 5159 Task Category: Filtering Platform Connection Level: Information Keywords: Audit Failure User: N/A Computer: is071019.<**.net Description: The Windows Filtering Platform has blocked a bind to a local port. Application Information: Process ID: 1260 Application Name: \device\harddiskvolume1\windows\system32\svchost.exe Network Information: Source Address: 0.0.0.0 Source Port: 54802 Protocol: 17 Filter Information: Filter Run-Time ID: 0 Layer Name: Resource Assignment Layer Run-Time ID: 36 I've also tried to use Failed Request Tracing in IIS7 but the service call never actually gets to where FRT can capture it (even though the failure is logged in the web service log). The network infrastructure group said they checked out the DNS and any NIC settings are correct so there is no 'flapping'. Everything pans out. I'm not sure that they checked out any domain controller servers though to see if that could be an issue. Any ideas? Or any other debugging strategies to get to the bottom of this? I'm just the developer in charge of the software and don't really have the knowledge on what to investigate from the networking side of things - although it does sound like a networking issue to me based on what is happening. Thanks in advance for any help.

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• Cisco ASA - Enable communication between same security level

  - by Conor

  I have recently inherited a network with a Cisco ASA (running version 8.2). I am trying to configure it to allow communication between two interfaces configured with the same security level (DMZ-DMZ) "same-security-traffic permit inter-interface" has been set, but hosts are unable to communicate between the interfaces. I am assuming that some NAT settings are causing my issue. Below is my running config: ASA Version 8.2(3) ! hostname asa enable password XXXXXXXX encrypted passwd XXXXXXXX encrypted names ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 400 ! interface Ethernet0/1 switchport access vlan 400 ! interface Ethernet0/2 switchport access vlan 420 ! interface Ethernet0/3 switchport access vlan 420 ! interface Ethernet0/4 switchport access vlan 450 ! interface Ethernet0/5 switchport access vlan 450 ! interface Ethernet0/6 switchport access vlan 500 ! interface Ethernet0/7 switchport access vlan 500 ! interface Vlan400 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address XX.XX.XX.10 255.255.255.248 ! interface Vlan420 nameif public security-level 20 ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan450 nameif dmz security-level 50 ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan500 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0 ! ftp mode passive clock timezone JST 9 same-security-traffic permit inter-interface same-security-traffic permit intra-interface object-group network DM_INLINE_NETWORK_1 network-object host XX.XX.XX.11 network-object host XX.XX.XX.13 object-group service ssh_2220 tcp port-object eq 2220 object-group service ssh_2251 tcp port-object eq 2251 object-group service ssh_2229 tcp port-object eq 2229 object-group service ssh_2210 tcp port-object eq 2210 object-group service DM_INLINE_TCP_1 tcp group-object ssh_2210 group-object ssh_2220 object-group service zabbix tcp port-object range 10050 10051 object-group service DM_INLINE_TCP_2 tcp port-object eq www group-object zabbix object-group protocol TCPUDP protocol-object udp protocol-object tcp object-group service http_8029 tcp port-object eq 8029 object-group network DM_INLINE_NETWORK_2 network-object host 192.168.20.10 network-object host 192.168.20.30 network-object host 192.168.20.60 object-group service imaps_993 tcp description Secure IMAP port-object eq 993 object-group service public_wifi_group description Service allowed on the Public Wifi Group. Allows Web and Email. service-object tcp-udp eq domain service-object tcp-udp eq www service-object tcp eq https service-object tcp-udp eq 993 service-object tcp eq imap4 service-object tcp eq 587 service-object tcp eq pop3 service-object tcp eq smtp access-list outside_access_in remark http traffic from outside access-list outside_access_in extended permit tcp any object-group DM_INLINE_NETWORK_1 eq www access-list outside_access_in remark ssh from outside to web1 access-list outside_access_in extended permit tcp any host XX.XX.XX.11 object-group ssh_2251 access-list outside_access_in remark ssh from outside to penguin access-list outside_access_in extended permit tcp any host XX.XX.XX.10 object-group ssh_2229 access-list outside_access_in remark http from outside to penguin access-list outside_access_in extended permit tcp any host XX.XX.XX.10 object-group http_8029 access-list outside_access_in remark ssh from outside to internal hosts access-list outside_access_in extended permit tcp any host XX.XX.XX.13 object-group DM_INLINE_TCP_1 access-list outside_access_in remark dns service to internal host access-list outside_access_in extended permit object-group TCPUDP any host XX.XX.XX.13 eq domain access-list dmz_access_in extended permit ip 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 any access-list dmz_access_in extended permit tcp any host 192.168.10.29 object-group DM_INLINE_TCP_2 access-list public_access_in remark Web access to DMZ websites access-list public_access_in extended permit object-group TCPUDP any object-group DM_INLINE_NETWORK_2 eq www access-list public_access_in remark General web access. (HTTP, DNS & ICMP and Email) access-list public_access_in extended permit object-group public_wifi_group any any pager lines 24 logging enable logging asdm informational mtu outside 1500 mtu public 1500 mtu dmz 1500 mtu inside 1500 no failover icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 no asdm history enable arp timeout 60 global (outside) 1 interface global (dmz) 2 interface nat (public) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 nat (dmz) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 static (inside,outside) tcp interface 2229 192.168.0.29 2229 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) tcp interface 8029 192.168.0.29 www netmask 255.255.255.255 static (dmz,outside) XX.XX.XX.13 192.168.10.10 netmask 255.255.255.255 dns static (dmz,outside) XX.XX.XX.11 192.168.10.30 netmask 255.255.255.255 dns static (dmz,inside) 192.168.0.29 192.168.10.29 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (dmz,public) 192.168.20.30 192.168.10.30 netmask 255.255.255.255 dns static (dmz,public) 192.168.20.10 192.168.10.10 netmask 255.255.255.255 dns static (inside,dmz) 192.168.10.0 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dns access-group outside_access_in in interface outside access-group public_access_in in interface public access-group dmz_access_in in interface dmz route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 XX.XX.XX.9 1 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute timeout tcp-proxy-reassembly 0:01:00 dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy http server enable http 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec security-association lifetime seconds 28800 crypto ipsec security-association lifetime kilobytes 4608000 telnet timeout 5 ssh 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 inside ssh timeout 20 console timeout 0 dhcpd dns 61.122.112.97 61.122.112.1 dhcpd auto_config outside ! dhcpd address 192.168.20.200-192.168.20.254 public dhcpd enable public ! dhcpd address 192.168.0.200-192.168.0.254 inside dhcpd enable inside ! threat-detection basic-threat threat-detection statistics host threat-detection statistics access-list no threat-detection statistics tcp-intercept ntp server 130.54.208.201 source public webvpn ! class-map inspection_default match default-inspection-traffic ! ! policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map parameters message-length maximum client auto message-length maximum 512 policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns preset_dns_map inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect ip-options inspect netbios inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect skinny inspect esmtp inspect sqlnet inspect sunrpc inspect tftp inspect sip inspect xdmcp !

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• Windows 7 Machine Makes Router Drop -All- Wireless Connections [closed]

  - by Hammer Bro.

  Note: I accidentally originally posted this question over at SuperUser, and I still think the issue is caused by some low-level networking practice of Windows 7, but I think the expertise here would be more apt to figuring it out. Apologies for the cross-post. Some background: My home network consists of my Desktop, a two-month old Windows 7 (x64) machine which is online most frequently (N-spec), as well as three other Windows XP laptops (all G) that only connect every now and then (one for work, one for Netflix, and the other for infrequent regular laptop uses). I used to have a Belkin F5D8236-4 wireless router, and everything worked great. A week ago, however, I found out that the Belkin absolutely in no way would establish a VPN connection, something that has become important for work. So I bought a Netgear WNR3500v2/U/L. The wireless was acting a little sketchy at first for just the Windows 7 machine, but I thought it had something to do with 802.11N and I was in a hurry so I just fished up an ethernet cable and disabled the computer's wireless. It has now become apparent, though, that whenever the Windows 7 machine is connected to the router, all wireless connections become unstable. I was using my work laptop for a solid six hours today with no trouble, having multiple SSH connections open over VPN and streaming internet radio in the background. Then, within two minutes of turning on this Windows 7 box, I had lost all connectivity over the wireless. And I was two feet away from the router. The same sort of thing happens on all of the other laptops -- Netflix can be playing stuff all weekend, but if I come up here and do things on this (W7) computer, the streaming will be dead within ten minutes. So here are my basic observations: If the Windows 7 machine is off, then all connections will have a Signal Strength of Very Good or Excellent and a Speed of 48-54 Mbps for an indefinite amount of time. Shortly after the Windows 7 machine is turned on, all wireless connections will experience a consistent decline in Speed down to 1.0 Mbps, eventually losing their connection entirely. These machines will continue to maintain 70% signal strength, as observed by themselves and router. Once dropped, a wireless connection will have difficulty reconnecting. And, if a connection manages to become established, it will quickly drop off again. The Windows 7 machine itself will continue to function just fine if it's using a wired connection, although it will experience these same issues over the wireless. All of the drivers and firmwares are up to date, and this happened both with the stock Netgear firmware as well as the (current) DD-WRT. What I've tried: Making sure each computer is being assigned a distinct IP. (They are.) Disabling UPnP and Stateful Packet Inspection on the router. Disabling Network Sharing, SSDP Discovery, TCP/IP NetBios Helper and Computer Browser services on the Windows 7 machine. Disabling QoS Packet Scheduler, IPv6, and Link Layer Topology Discovery options on my ethernet controller (leaving only Client for Microsoft Networks, File and Printer Sharing, and IPv4 enabled). What I think: It seems awfully similar to the problems discussed in detail at http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en/wsk/thread/1064e397-9d9b-4ae2-bc8e-c8798e591915 (which was both the most relevant and concrete information I could dig up on the internet). I still think that something the Windows 7 IP stack (or just Operating System itself) is doing is giving the router fits. However, I could be wrong, because I have two key differences. One is that most instances of this problem are reported as the entire router dying or restarting, and mine still works just fine over the wired connection. The other is that it's a new router, tested with both the factory firmware and the (I assume) well-maintained DD-WRT project. Even if Windows 7 is still secretly sending IPv6 packets or the TCP Window Scaling implementation that I hear Vista caused some trouble with (even though I've tried my best to disable anything fancy), this router should support those functions. I don't want to get a new or a replacement router unless someone can convince me that this is a defective unit. But the problem seems too specific and predictable by my instincts to be a hardware hiccup. And I don't want to deal with the inevitable problems that always seem to take half a day to resolve when getting a new router, since I'm frantically working (including tomorrow) to complete a project by next week's deadline. Plus, I think in the worst case scenario, I could keep this router connected directly to the modem, disable its wireless entirely, and connect the old Belkin to it directly. That should allow me to still use VPN (although I'll have to plug my work laptop directly into that router), and then maintain wireless connections for all of the other computers. But that feels so wrong to me. Anyone have any ideas what the cause and possible solution could be? Clarifications: The Windows 7 machine is directly connected via an ethernet cable to the router for everything above. But while it is online, all other computers' wireless connections become unusable. It is not an issue of signal strength or interference -- no other devices within scanning range are using Channel 1, and the problem will affect computers that are literally feet away from the router with 95% signal strength.

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• Set up linux box for secure local hosting a-z

  - by microchasm

  I am in the process of reinstalling the OS on a machine that will be used to host a couple of apps for our business. The apps will be local only; access from external clients will be via vpn only. The prior setup used a hosting control panel (Plesk) for most of the admin, and I was looking at using another similar piece of software for the reinstall - but I figured I should finally learn how it all works. I can do most of the things the software would do for me, but am unclear on the symbiosis of it all. This is all an attempt to further distance myself from the land of Configuration Programmer/Programmer, if at all possible. I can't find a full walkthrough anywhere for what I'm looking for, so I thought I'd put up this question, and if people can help me on the way I will edit this with the answers, and document my progress/pitfalls. Hopefully someday this will help someone down the line. The details: CentOS 5.5 x86_64 httpd: Apache/2.2.3 mysql: 5.0.77 (to be upgraded) php: 5.1 (to be upgraded) The requirements: SECURITY!! Secure file transfer Secure client access (SSL Certs and CA) Secure data storage Virtualhosts/multiple subdomains Local email would be nice, but not critical The Steps: Download latest CentOS DVD-iso (torrent worked great for me). Install CentOS: While going through the install, I checked the Server Components option thinking I was going to be using another Plesk-like admin. In hindsight, considering I've decided to try to go my own way, this probably wasn't the best idea. Basic config: Setup users, networking/ip address etc. Yum update/upgrade. Upgrade PHP/MySQL: To upgrade PHP and MySQL to the latest versions, I had to look to another repo outside CentOS. IUS looks great and I'm happy I found it! Add IUS repository to our package manager cd /tmp wget http://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/stable/Redhat/5/x86_64/epel-release-1-1.ius.el5.noarch.rpm rpm -Uvh epel-release-1-1.ius.el5.noarch.rpm wget http://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/stable/Redhat/5/x86_64/ius-release-1-4.ius.el5.noarch.rpm rpm -Uvh ius-release-1-4.ius.el5.noarch.rpm yum list | grep -w \.ius\. # list all the packages in the IUS repository; use this to find PHP/MySQL version and libraries you want to install Remove old version of PHP and install newer version from IUS rpm -qa | grep php # to list all of the installed php packages we want to remove yum shell # open an interactive yum shell remove php-common php-mysql php-cli #remove installed PHP components install php53 php53-mysql php53-cli php53-common #add packages you want transaction solve #important!! checks for dependencies transaction run #important!! does the actual installation of packages. [control+d] #exit yum shell php -v PHP 5.3.2 (cli) (built: Apr 6 2010 18:13:45) Upgrade MySQL from IUS repository /etc/init.d/mysqld stop rpm -qa | grep mysql # to see installed mysql packages yum shell remove mysql mysql-server #remove installed MySQL components install mysql51 mysql51-server mysql51-devel transaction solve #important!! checks for dependencies transaction run #important!! does the actual installation of packages. [control+d] #exit yum shell service mysqld start mysql -v Server version: 5.1.42-ius Distributed by The IUS Community Project Upgrade instructions courtesy of IUS wiki: http://wiki.iuscommunity.org/Doc/ClientUsageGuide Install rssh (restricted shell) to provide scp and sftp access, without allowing ssh login cd /tmp wget http://dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages/rssh/rssh-2.3.2-1.2.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh rssh-2.3.2-1.2.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm useradd -m -d /home/dev -s /usr/bin/rssh dev passwd dev Edit /etc/rssh.conf to grant access to SFTP to rssh users. vi /etc/rssh.conf Uncomment or add: allowscp allowsftp This allows me to connect to the machine via SFTP protocol in Transmit (my FTP program of choice; I'm sure it's similar with other FTP apps). rssh instructions appropriated (with appreciation!) from http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-unix-restrict-shell-access-with-rssh.html Set up virtual interfaces ifconfig eth1:1 192.168.1.3 up #start up the virtual interface cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ cp ifcfg-eth1 ifcfg-eth1:1 #copy default script and match name to our virtual interface vi ifcfg-eth1:1 #modify eth1:1 script #ifcfg-eth1:1 | modify so it looks like this: DEVICE=eth1:1 IPADDR=192.168.1.3 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.1.0 ONBOOT=yes NAME=eth1:1 Add more Virtual interfaces as needed by repeating. Because of the ONBOOT=yes line in the ifcfg-eth1:1 file, this interface will be brought up when the system boots, or the network starts/restarts. service network restart Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ] Shutting down interface eth1: [ OK ] Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ] Bringing up interface eth1: [ OK ] ping 192.168.1.3 64 bytes from 192.168.1.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.105 ms Virtualhosts In the rssh section above I added a user to use for SFTP. In this users' home directory, I created a folder called 'https'. This is where the documents for this site will live, so I need to add a virtualhost that will point to it. I will use the above virtual interface for this site (herein called dev.site.local). vi /etc/http/conf/httpd.conf Add the following to the end of httpd.conf: <VirtualHost 192.168.1.3:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /home/dev/https ServerName dev.site.local ErrorLog /home/dev/logs/error_log TransferLog /home/dev/logs/access_log </VirtualHost> I put a dummy index.html file in the https directory just to check everything out. I tried browsing to it, and was met with permission denied errors. The logs only gave an obscure reference to what was going on: [Mon May 17 14:57:11 2010] [error] [client 192.168.1.100] (13)Permission denied: access to /index.html denied I tried chmod 777 et. al., but to no avail. Turns out, I needed to chmod+x the https directory and its' parent directories. chmod +x /home chmod +x /home/dev chmod +x /home/dev/https This solved that problem. DNS I'm handling DNS via our local Windows Server 2003 box. However, the CentOS documentation for BIND can be found here: http://www.centos.org/docs/5/html/Deployment_Guide-en-US/ch-bind.html SSL To get SSL working, I changed the following in httpd.conf: NameVirtualHost 192.168.1.3:443 #make sure this line is in httpd.conf <VirtualHost 192.168.1.3:443> #change port to 443 ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /home/dev/https ServerName dev.site.local ErrorLog /home/dev/logs/error_log TransferLog /home/dev/logs/access_log </VirtualHost> Unfortunately, I keep getting (Error code: ssl_error_rx_record_too_long) errors when trying to access a page with SSL. As JamesHannah gracefully pointed out below, I had not set up the locations of the certs in httpd.conf, and thusly was getting the page thrown at the broswer as the cert making the browser balk. So first, I needed to set up a CA and make certificate files. I found a great (if old) walkthrough on the process here: http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/284. Here are the relevant steps I took from that article: mkdir /home/CA cd /home/CA/ mkdir newcerts private echo '01' > serial touch index.txt #this and the above command are for the database that will keep track of certs Create an openssl.cnf file in the /home/CA/ dir and edit it per the walkthrough linked above. (For reference, my finished openssl.cnf file looked like this: http://pastebin.com/raw.php?i=hnZDij4T) openssl req -new -x509 -extensions v3_ca -keyout private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem -days 3650 -config ./openssl.cnf #this creates the cacert.pem which gets distributed and imported to the browser(s) Modified openssl.cnf again per walkthrough instructions. openssl req -new -nodes -out dev.req.pem -config ./openssl.cnf #generates certificate request, and key.pem which I renamed dev.key.pem. Modified openssl.cnf again per walkthrough instructions. openssl ca -out dev.cert.pem -config ./openssl.cnf -infiles dev.req.pem #create and sign certificate. cp dev.cert.pem /home/dev/certs/cert.pem cp dev.key.pem /home/certs/key.pem I updated httpd.conf to reflect the certs and turn SSLEngine on: NameVirtualHost 192.168.1.3:443 <VirtualHost 192.168.1.3:443> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /home/dev/https SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile /home/dev/certs/cert.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /home/dev/certs/key.pem ServerName dev.site.local ErrorLog /home/dev/logs/error_log TransferLog /home/dev/logs/access_log </VirtualHost> Put the CA cert.pem in a web-accessible place, and downloaded/imported it into my browser. Now I can visit https://dev.site.local with no errors or warnings. And this is where I'm at. I will keep editing this as I make progress. Any tips on how to configure SSL email would be appreciated.

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• HTTP downloads stop after some time, resuming is not possible

  - by cdauth

  When I try to download a file via HTTP, the downloads sometimes stop after around 30 MB. The download rates goes down to 0 B/s and no data keeps coming. When I stop the download and resume again, the download still hangs. But when I redownload it from byte 0 again, everything works fine up to 30 MB when it stops again. Sometimes, after some hours, it just works again without problems. The position in the file when the download stops is variable, but most of the time it is around 30–35 MB. As a download manager I use wget. The same behaviour happens though using curl and other download managers. The error occurs independently of the server I download from. I have also observed this error on other Linux computers in my network. All computers on my network run Gentoo Linux on x86. All internet connections on my network go through a server on my network which runs a transparent Squid proxy on port 80. That server is connected to a router, which is a Speedport W 700V by Deutsche Telekom AG. That router is connected to the internet using ADSL, with 448 kbit/s down speed and 96 kbit/s up speed. I am almost sure that my transparent proxy is not the problem. I turned that off without resolving the issue. I also connected to the router directly via WLAN without resolving the issue. I also tried to download over another port via HTTP. Furthermore, I tried to download the file using IPv6 with a gateway6 tunnel from my computer, which resulted in exactly the same problem. Now the strange thing is that everything works fine using FTP and HTTPS (also with wget on the same computer). Even more strange: when I resume the download that hanged over HTTP using FTP or HTTPS, download a few bytes that way, stop wget and then resume again using HTTP, it loads data again! But after a few MB, it may stop again. Unfortunately, files downloaded that way are always broken (the MD5 sum is not correct), so at some point, there must have been bogus data. I tried searching for HTML error messages in the downloaded file, but grep -i html does not find anything. (I cannot think of a way to search for GZIP-compressed HTML error messages in the file, so I did not try that.) I tried using strace on wget when it failed to resume a download, you can find the entire output on pastebin. The important lines are repeated every second: clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, {326102, 62176435}) = 0 ) = 1 write(2, "78% [++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"..., 19578% [+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ ] 110,683,685 --.-K/s ) = 195 select(4, [3], NULL, NULL, {0, 949999}) = 0 (Timeout) I have absolutely no idea what could be the reason of this problem. It seems like whatever causes the issue speaks HTTP. It seems to speak HTTP that intelligently that it even regognises it in an IPv6-over-IPv4 tunnel. But what could that be and why does it only happen sometimes? The other possibility would be that there is a problem on my computer that is the same on other Gentoo Linux computers as well. Has anyone ever had such a problem? What could be the reason and where do I have to continue investigating to find out more about the issue? Update: I have just run into the problem again and tried to resume the download over the router’s WLAN, and this time it worked. Maybe I did something wrong during my last tests with the WLAN. Now maybe my transparent proxy server is in fact the problem. It is a very basic Squid proxy server that does not cache anything. Maybe the fact is interesting that a second Squid proxy runs on the same computer on another port. Update: A download hung again and this time I turned off all firewall settings and stopped all proxy servers. I failed to resume the download from my network server, which is directly connected to the router. So my proxy server definitely is not the cause the problem. I will try to upgrade the firmware of my router now, although I do not have admin access to it. I will see what I can do.

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• Mount TMPFS instead of ro /dev

  - by schiggn

  I am working on a ARM-Based embedded system with a custom Debian Linux based on kernel 2.6.31. In the final system, the Root file system is stored as squashfs on flash. Now, the folder /dev is created by udev, but since there is no hot plugging functionality needed and booting time is critical, I wanted to delete udev and "hard code" the /dev folder (read here, page 5). because i still need to change parameters of the devices (with ioctl /sysfs) this does not work for me in this case. so i thought of mounting a tmpfs on /dev and change the parameters there. is this possible? and how to do best? my approach would be: delete /dev from RFS create tar containing basic devices mount tmpfs /dev untar tar-file into /dev change parameters Could this work? Do you see any problems? I found out, that you can mount on top of already mounted mount point, is it somehow possible just to take data with while mounting the new file system? if so that would be very convenient! Thanks Update: I just tried that out, but I'm stuck at a certain point. I packed all my devices into devices.tar, packed it into /usr of my squashfs and added the following lines to mountkernfs.sh, which is executed right after INIT. #mount /dev on tmpfs echo -n "Mounting /dev on tmpfs..." mount -o size=5M,mode=0755 -t tmpfs tmpfs /dev mknod -m 600 /dev/console c 5 1 mknod -m 600 /dev/null c 1 3 echo "done." echo -n "Populating /dev..." tar -xf /usr/devices.tar -C /dev echo "done." This works fine on the version over NFS, if I place printf's in the code, I can see it executing, if I comment out the extracting part, its complaining about missing devices. Booting OK mmc0: new high speed SDHC card at address 0007 mmcblk0: mmc0:0007 SD04G 3.67 GiB mmcblk0: p1 IP-Config: Unable to set interface netmask (-22). Looking up port of RPC 100003/2 on 192.168.1.234 Looking up port of RPC 100005/1 on 192.168.1.234 VFS: Mounted root (nfs filesystem) on device 0:14. Freeing init memory: 136K INIT: version 2.86 booting Mounting /dev on tmpfs...done. Populating /dev...done. Initializing /var...done. Setting the system clock. System Clock set to: Thu Sep 13 11:26:23 UTC 2012. INIT: Entering runlevel: 2 UBI: attaching mtd8 to ubi0 Commenting out the extraction of the tar mmc0: new high speed SDHC card at address 0007 mmcblk0: mmc0:0007 SD04G 3.67 GiB mmcblk0: p1 IP-Config: Unable to set interface netmask (-22). Looking up port of RPC 100003/2 on 192.168.1.234 Looking up port of RPC 100005/1 on 192.168.1.234 VFS: Mounted root (nfs filesystem) on device 0:14. Freeing init memory: 136K INIT: version 2.86 booting Mounting /dev on tmpfs...done. Populating /dev...done. Initializing /var...done. Setting the system clock. Cannot access the Hardware Clock via any known method. Use the --debug option to see the details of our search for an access method. Unable to set System Clock to: Thu Sep 13 12:24:00 UTC 2012 ... (warning). INIT: Entering runlevel: 2 libubi: error!: cannot open "/dev/ubi_ctrl" So far so good. But if I pack the whole story into a squashfs and boot from there, it is acting strange. It's telling me while booting that it is unable to open an initial console and its throwing errors on mounting the UBIFS devices, but finally provides a login anyway. Over that my echo's are not executed. If I then log in, /dev is mounted as TMPFS as desired and all the devices reside inside. When I redo the "mount" command to mount the UBIFS partitions it is executed whitout problem and useable. From squashfs VFS: Mounted root (squashfs filesystem) readonly on device 31:15. Freeing init memory: 136K Warning: unable to open an initial console. mmc0: new high speed SDHC card at address 0007 mmcblk0: mmc0:0007 SD04G 3.67 GiB mmcblk0: p1 UBIFS error (pid 484): ubifs_get_sb: cannot open "ubi1_0", error -19 Additionally, a part of the rest of the bootscripts is still exexuted, but not all of them. Does anyone has a clue why? Other question, is 5MB enough/too much for /dev?

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• Remote Desktop Services Gateway Issue

  - by AVandelay05

  Alright fellow techies here's the rundown. I have installed Server 2008 r2 Remote Dekstop Services on a VM in my network. I installed the following RD role services: RD Session Host, Licensing, Connection Broker, Gateway, Web Access. When I set things up originally, the gateway server and RDWeb worked as it should locally. After getting things running locally (remoteserver.domainname.local) I wanted to test things externally. From the outside, I couldn't get things running (meaning I could connect to rdweb access externally, but when I tried to run an app I would get the message "can't connect/find computer"). Here's my setup for external access The VM has every RD Services role services installed on it, meaning it acts as gateway, rd web access, session host, licensing, the whole bit. I made a self-signed certificate on the gateway server (gateway.domainname.net is the cert name). Internally, I have a secondary forward-lookup zone called domainname.net with an A record gateway pointing to the local IP of the gateway server. On our public DNS (domainname.net) I have an A record gateway. This is to access the RDWeb externally. In IIS I have the following authentication settings RDWeb: All disabled except for anonymous authentication Rpc: All disabled except for basic and windows RpcWithCert: All disbled except for windows authentication I have the necessary web access config in our sonicwall tz210 (https and rdp, external ip pointing to local ip of rds server) RAP and CAP have the correct user and computer groups, authentication, and allowed devices After all of this, here's what happens accessing externally. I can login correctly to RDWeb Access (I've tried a bogus login, I can't login to it so that's working properly). I see the Apps for use. I click on an app, click connect, the credential window opens, I put in the correct user creds, it tries to connect to the gateway server, but then the cred window comes back in view. I tried to reach a limit of failed logins, but never reached one, haha. So from the same external client machine I try to connect to the gateway through a Remote Desktop connection. I put in the correct gateway settings in the RD window, try to connect and get the same results as I did in RDWeb access. I checked the event logs on the RD Services machine and saw the following event IDs around the time I tried to login externally: ID 6037 with the message "The program svchost.exe, with the assigned process ID 2168, could not authenticate locally by using the target name host/gateway.domainname.net. The target name used is not valid. A target name should refer to one of the local computer names, for example, the DNS host name. Try a different target name." ID 10 RADWebAccess "RD Web Access was unable to access gateway.domainname.net, which is the server that is specified as running the RemoteApp and Desktop Connection Management service. Ensure that the computer account of the RD Web Access server is a member of the TS Web Access Computers security group on gateway.domainname.net" ID 4625 "An account failed to log on. Subject: Security ID: NULL SID Account Name: - Account Domain: - Logon ID: 0x0 Logon Type: 3 Account For Which Logon Failed: Security ID: NULL SID Account Name: Administrator Account Domain: gateway.domainname.net Failure Information: Failure Reason: Unknown user name or bad password. Status: 0xc000006d Sub Status: 0xc000006a Process Information: Caller Process ID: 0x0 Caller Process Name: - Network Information: Workstation Name: USER-LAPTOP Source Network Address: External IP Source Port: 63125 Detailed Authentication Information: Logon Process: NtLmSsp Authentication Package: NTLM Transited Services: - Package Name (NTLM only): - Key Length: 0 This event is generated when a logon request fails. It is generated on the computer where access was attempted. The Subject fields indicate the account on the local system which requested the logon. This is most commonly a service such as the Server service, or a local process such as Winlogon.exe or Services.exe. The Logon Type field indicates the kind of logon that was requested. The most common types are 2 (interactive) and 3 (network). The Process Information fields indicate which account and process on the system requested the logon. The Network Information fields indicate where a remote logon request originated. Workstation name is not always available and may be left blank in some cases. The authentication information fields provide detailed information about this specific logon request. - Transited services indicate which intermediate services have participated in this logon request. - Package name indicates which sub-protocol was used among the NTLM protocols." I don't think the VM has a null SID. The SID of the VM and it's physical host have different SIDS. I can access the blank page for rpc externally using the external gateway name. It seems like authentication is a problem. Also, is it a problem that the external name of the gateway server doesn't match the local name? The external name (which the cert is based on) is gateway.domainname.net and the internal name is remoteserver.domainname.local. That's the only thing I can think of that would be the problem, but the external name has to be different from the local right? Internally, I ping gateway.domainname.net and it gives me the correct local IP of the server. Now, there isn't an actual computer name in AD, but I don't know how I would achieve that? I hope I've been clear....any help would be appreciated. I think I'm close to achieving this. :)

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• Can't access shared drive when connecting over VPN

  - by evolvd

  I can ping all network devices but it doesn't seem that DNS is resolving their hostnames. ipconfig/ all is showing that I am pointing to the correct dns server. I can "ping "dnsname"" and it will resolve but it wont resolve any other names. Split tunnel is set up so outside DNS is resolving fine So one issue might be DNS but I have the IP address of the server share so I figure I could just get to it that way. example: \10.0.0.1\ well I can't get to it that way either and I get "the specified network name is no longer available" I can ping it but I can't open the share. Below is the ASA config : ASA Version 8.2(1) ! hostname KG-ASA domain-name example.com names ! interface Vlan1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 10.0.0.253 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan2 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address dhcp setroute ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 2 ! interface Ethernet0/1 ! interface Ethernet0/2 ! interface Ethernet0/3 ! interface Ethernet0/4 ! interface Ethernet0/5 ! interface Ethernet0/6 ! interface Ethernet0/7 ! ftp mode passive clock timezone EST -5 clock summer-time EDT recurring dns domain-lookup outside dns server-group DefaultDNS name-server 10.0.0.101 domain-name blah.com access-list OUTSIDE_IN extended permit tcp any host 10.0.0.253 eq 10000 access-list OUTSIDE_IN extended permit tcp any host 10.0.0.253 eq 8333 access-list OUTSIDE_IN extended permit tcp any host 10.0.0.253 eq 902 access-list SPLIT-TUNNEL-VPN standard permit 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 access-list NONAT extended permit ip 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 pager lines 24 logging asdm informational mtu inside 1500 mtu outside 1500 ip local pool IPSECVPN-POOL 10.0.1.2-10.0.1.50 mask 255.255.255.0 icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 asdm image disk0:/asdm-621.bin no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 interface nat (inside) 0 access-list NONAT nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 static (inside,outside) tcp interface 10000 10.0.0.101 10000 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) tcp interface 8333 10.0.0.101 8333 netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) tcp interface 902 10.0.0.101 902 netmask 255.255.255.255 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute timeout tcp-proxy-reassembly 0:01:00 dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy aaa authentication enable console LOCAL aaa authentication http console LOCAL aaa authentication serial console LOCAL aaa authentication ssh console LOCAL aaa authentication telnet console LOCAL http server enable http 10.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 inside http 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 outside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec transform-set myset esp-aes esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA esp-3des esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec security-association lifetime seconds 28800 crypto ipsec security-association lifetime kilobytes 4608000 crypto dynamic-map dynmap 1 set transform-set myset crypto dynamic-map dynmap 1 set reverse-route crypto map IPSEC-MAP 65535 ipsec-isakmp dynamic dynmap crypto map IPSEC-MAP interface outside crypto isakmp enable outside crypto isakmp policy 10 authentication pre-share encryption 3des hash sha group 2 lifetime 86400 crypto isakmp policy 65535 authentication pre-share encryption aes hash sha group 2 lifetime 86400 telnet 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 inside telnet timeout 5 ssh 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 inside ssh 70.60.228.0 255.255.255.0 outside ssh 74.102.150.0 255.255.254.0 outside ssh 74.122.164.0 255.255.252.0 outside ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 dhcpd dns 10.0.0.101 dhcpd lease 7200 dhcpd domain blah.com ! dhcpd address 10.0.0.110-10.0.0.170 inside dhcpd enable inside ! threat-detection basic-threat threat-detection statistics access-list no threat-detection statistics tcp-intercept ntp server 63.111.165.21 webvpn enable outside svc image disk0:/anyconnect-win-2.4.1012-k9.pkg 1 svc enable group-policy EASYVPN internal group-policy EASYVPN attributes dns-server value 10.0.0.101 vpn-tunnel-protocol IPSec l2tp-ipsec svc webvpn split-tunnel-policy tunnelspecified split-tunnel-network-list value SPLIT-TUNNEL-VPN ! tunnel-group client type remote-access tunnel-group client general-attributes address-pool (inside) IPSECVPN-POOL address-pool IPSECVPN-POOL default-group-policy EASYVPN dhcp-server 10.0.0.253 tunnel-group client ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key * tunnel-group CLIENTVPN type ipsec-l2l tunnel-group CLIENTVPN ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key * ! class-map inspection_default match default-inspection-traffic ! ! policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect icmp ! service-policy global_policy global prompt hostname context I'm not sure where I should go next with troubleshooting nslookup result: Default Server: blahname.blah.lan Address: 10.0.0.101

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• Cisco PIX 515 doesn't seem to be passing traffic through according to static route

  - by Liquidkristal

  Ok, so I am having a spot of bother with a Cisco PIX515, I have posted the current running config below, now I am no cisco expert by any means although I can do basic stuff with them, now I am having trouble with traffic sent from the outside to address: 10.75.32.25 it just doesn't appear to be going anywhere. Now this firewall is deep inside a private network, with an upstream firewall that we don't manage. I have spoken to the people that look after that firewall and they say they they have traffic routing to 10.75.32.21 and 10.75.32.25 and thats it (although there is a website that runs from the server 172.16.102.5 which (if my understanding is correct) gets traffic via 10.75.32.23. Any ideas would be greatly appreciated as to me it should all just work, but its not (obviously if the config is all correct then there could be a problem with the web server that we are trying to access on 10.75.32.25, although the users say that they can get to it internally (172.16.102.8) which is even more confusing) PIX Version 6.3(3) interface ethernet0 auto interface ethernet1 auto interface ethernet2 auto nameif ethernet0 outside security0 nameif ethernet1 inside security100 nameif ethernet2 academic security50 fixup protocol dns maximum-length 512 fixup protocol ftp 21 fixup protocol h323 h225 1720 fixup protocol h323 ras 1718-1719 fixup protocol http 80 fixup protocol rsh 514 fixup protocol rtsp 554 fixup protocol sip 5060 fixup protocol sip udp 5060 fixup protocol skinny 2000 fixup protocol smtp 25 fixup protocol sqlnet 1521 fixup protocol tftp 69 names name 195.157.180.168 outsideNET name 195.157.180.170 globalNAT name 195.157.180.174 gateway name 195.157.180.173 Mail-Global name 172.30.31.240 Mail-Local name 10.75.32.20 outsideIF name 82.219.210.17 frogman1 name 212.69.230.79 frogman2 name 78.105.118.9 frogman3 name 172.16.0.0 acadNET name 172.16.100.254 acadIF access-list acl_outside permit icmp any any echo-reply access-list acl_outside permit icmp any any unreachable access-list acl_outside permit icmp any any time-exceeded access-list acl_outside permit tcp any host 10.75.32.22 eq smtp access-list acl_outside permit tcp any host 10.75.32.22 eq 8383 access-list acl_outside permit tcp any host 10.75.32.22 eq 8385 access-list acl_outside permit tcp any host 10.75.32.22 eq 8484 access-list acl_outside permit tcp any host 10.75.32.22 eq 8485 access-list acl_outside permit ip any host 10.75.32.30 access-list acl_outside permit tcp any host 10.75.32.25 eq https access-list acl_outside permit tcp any host 10.75.32.25 eq www access-list acl_outside permit tcp any host 10.75.32.23 eq www access-list acl_outside permit tcp any host 10.75.32.23 eq https access-list acl_outside permit tcp host frogman1 host 10.75.32.23 eq ssh access-list acl_outside permit tcp host frogman2 host 10.75.32.23 eq ssh access-list acl_outside permit tcp host frogman3 host 10.75.32.23 eq ssh access-list acl_outside permit tcp any host 10.75.32.23 eq 2001 access-list acl_outside permit tcp host frogman1 host 10.75.32.24 eq 8441 access-list acl_outside permit tcp host frogman2 host 10.75.32.24 eq 8441 access-list acl_outside permit tcp host frogman3 host 10.75.32.24 eq 8441 access-list acl_outside permit tcp host frogman1 host 10.75.32.24 eq 8442 access-list acl_outside permit tcp host frogman2 host 10.75.32.24 eq 8442 access-list acl_outside permit tcp host frogman3 host 10.75.32.24 eq 8442 access-list acl_outside permit tcp host frogman1 host 10.75.32.24 eq 8443 access-list acl_outside permit tcp host frogman2 host 10.75.32.24 eq 8443 access-list acl_outside permit tcp host frogman3 host 10.75.32.24 eq 8443 access-list acl_outside permit tcp any host 10.75.32.23 eq smtp access-list acl_outside permit tcp any host 10.75.32.23 eq ssh access-list acl_outside permit tcp any host 10.75.32.24 eq ssh access-list acl_acad permit icmp any any echo-reply access-list acl_acad permit icmp any any unreachable access-list acl_acad permit icmp any any time-exceeded access-list acl_acad permit tcp any 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 eq www access-list acl_acad deny tcp any any eq www access-list acl_acad permit tcp any 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 eq https access-list acl_acad permit tcp any 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 eq 8080 access-list acl_acad permit tcp host 172.16.102.5 host 10.64.1.115 eq smtp pager lines 24 logging console debugging mtu outside 1500 mtu inside 1500 mtu academic 1500 ip address outside outsideIF 255.255.252.0 no ip address inside ip address academic acadIF 255.255.0.0 ip audit info action alarm ip audit attack action alarm pdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 10.75.32.21 nat (academic) 1 acadNET 255.255.0.0 0 0 static (academic,outside) 10.75.32.22 Mail-Local netmask 255.255.255.255 0 0 static (academic,outside) 10.75.32.30 172.30.30.36 netmask 255.255.255.255 0 0 static (academic,outside) 10.75.32.23 172.16.102.5 netmask 255.255.255.255 0 0 static (academic,outside) 10.75.32.24 172.16.102.6 netmask 255.255.255.255 0 0 static (academic,outside) 10.75.32.25 172.16.102.8 netmask 255.255.255.255 0 0 access-group acl_outside in interface outside access-group acl_acad in interface academic route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.75.32.1 1 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 rpc 0:10:00 h225 1:00:00 timeout h323 0:05:00 mgcp 0:05:00 sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 timeout uauth 0:05:00 absolute aaa-server TACACS+ protocol tacacs+ aaa-server RADIUS protocol radius aaa-server LOCAL protocol local snmp-server host outside 172.31.10.153 snmp-server host outside 172.31.10.154 snmp-server host outside 172.31.10.155 no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server community CPQ_HHS no snmp-server enable traps floodguard enable telnet 172.30.31.0 255.255.255.0 academic telnet timeout 5 ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 terminal width 120 Cryptochecksum:hi2u : end PIX515#

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• SVN Server not responding

  - by Rob Forrest

  I've been bashing my head against a wall with this one all day and I would greatly appreciate a few more eyes on the problem at hand. We have an in-house SVN Server that contains all live and development code for our website. Our live server can connect to this and get updates from the repository. This was all working fine until we migrated the SVN Server from a physical machine to a vSphere VM. Now, for some reason that continues to fathom me, we can no longer connect to the SVN Server. The SVN Server runs CentOS 6.2, Apache and SVN 1.7.2. SELinux is well and trully disabled and the problem remains when iptables is stopped. Our production server does run an older version of CentOS and SVN but the same system worked previously so I don't think that this is the issue. Of note, if I have iptables enabled, using service iptables status, I can see a single packet coming in and being accepted but the production server simply hangs on any svn command. If I give up waiting and do a CTRL-C to break the process I get a "could not connect to server". To me it appears to be something to do with the SVN Server rejecting external connections but I have no idea how this would happen. Any thoughts on what I can try from here? Thanks, Rob Edit: Network topology Production server sits externally to our in-house SVN server. Our IPCop (?) firewall allows connections from it (and it alone) on port 80 and passes the connection to the SVN Server. The hardware is all pretty decent and I don't doubt that its doing its job correctly, especially as iptables is seeing the new connections. subversion.conf (in /etc/httpd/conf.d) LoadModule dav_svn_module modules/mod_dav_svn.so <Location /repos> DAV svn SVNPath /var/svn/repos <LimitExcept PROPFIND OPTIONS REPORT> AuthType Basic AuthName "SVN Server" AuthUserFile /var/svn/svn-auth Require valid-user </LimitExcept> </Location> ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:5F:C8:3A inet addr:172.16.0.14 Bcast:172.16.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe5f:c83a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:32317 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:632 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:2544036 (2.4 MiB) TX bytes:143207 (139.8 KiB) netstat -lntp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1484/mysqld tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1135/rpcbind tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1351/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1230/cupsd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1575/master tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:58401 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1153/rpc.statd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5672 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1626/qpidd tcp 0 0 :::139 :::* LISTEN 1678/smbd tcp 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1135/rpcbind tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 1615/httpd tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1351/sshd tcp 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 1230/cupsd tcp 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1575/master tcp 0 0 :::445 :::* LISTEN 1678/smbd tcp 0 0 :::56799 :::* LISTEN 1153/rpc.statd iptables --list -v -n (when iptables is stopped) Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination iptables --list -v -n (when iptables is running, after one attempted svn connection) Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 68 packets, 6561 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 19 1304 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22 1 60 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW udp dpt:80 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 17 packets, 1612 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination tcpdump 17:08:18.455114 IP 'production server'.43255 > 'svn server'.local.http: Flags [S], seq 3200354543, win 5840, options [mss 1380,sackOK,TS val 2011458346 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0 17:08:18.455169 IP 'svn server'.local.http > 'production server'.43255: Flags [S.], seq 629885453, ack 3200354544, win 14480, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 816478 ecr 2011449346,nop,wscale 7], length 0 17:08:19.655317 IP 'svn server'.local.http > 'production server'k.43255: Flags [S.], seq 629885453, ack 3200354544, win 14480, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 817679 ecr 2011449346,nop,wscale 7], length 0

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• How to invalidate nginx reverse proxy cache in front of other nginx servers?

  - by Olivier Lance

  I'm running a Proxmox server on a single IP address, that will dispatch HTTP requests to containers depending on the requested host. I am using nginx on the Proxmox side to listen to HTTP requests and I am using the proxy_pass directive in my different server blocks to dispatch requests according to the server_name. My containers run on Ubuntu and are also running a nginx instance. I'm having troubles with caching on a particular website that is fully static: nginx keeps on serving me stale content after files updates, until I: Clear /var/cache/nginx/ and restart nginx or set proxy_cache off for this server and reload the config Here's the detail of my configuration: On the server (proxmox): /etc/nginx/nginx.conf: user www-data; worker_processes 8; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 768; # multi_accept on; use epoll; } http { ## # Basic Settings ## sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; #keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; server_tokens off; # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; # server_name_in_redirect off; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; client_body_buffer_size 1k; client_max_body_size 8m; large_client_header_buffers 1 1K; ignore_invalid_headers on; client_body_timeout 5; client_header_timeout 5; keepalive_timeout 5 5; send_timeout 5; server_name_in_redirect off; ## # Logging Settings ## access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; ## # Gzip Settings ## gzip on; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)"; gzip_vary on; gzip_proxied any; gzip_comp_level 6; # gzip_buffers 16 8k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=gulag:1m; limit_conn gulag 50; ## # Virtual Host Configs ## include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } /etc/nginx/conf.d/proxy.conf: proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_hide_header X-Powered-By; proxy_intercept_errors on; proxy_buffering on; proxy_cache_key "$scheme://$host$request_uri"; proxy_cache_path /var/cache/nginx levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache:10m inactive=7d max_size=700m; /etc/nginx/sites-available/my-domain.conf: server { listen 80; server_name .my-domain.com; access_log off; location / { proxy_pass http://my-domain.local:80/; proxy_cache cache; proxy_cache_valid 12h; expires 30d; proxy_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header updating; } } On the container (my-domain.local): nginx.conf: (everything is inside the main config file -- it's been done quickly...) user www-data; worker_processes 1; error_log logs/error.log; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 65; gzip off; server { listen 80; server_name .my-domain.com; root /var/www; access_log logs/host.access.log; } } I've read many blog posts and answers before resolving to posting my own questions... most answers I can see suggest setting sendfile off; but that didn't work for me. I have tried many other things, double checked my settings and all seems fine. So I'm wondering whether I am not expecting nginx's cache to do something it's not meant to...? Basically, I thought that if one of my static files in my container was updated, the cache in my reverse proxy would be invalidated and my browser would get the new version of the file when it requests it... But I now have the sentiment I misunderstood many things. Of all things, I now wonder how nginx on the server can know about a file in the container has changed? I have seen a directive proxy_header_pass (or something alike), should I use this to let the nginx instance from the container somehow inform the one in Proxmox about updated files? Is this expectation just a dream, or can I do it with nginx on my current architecture?

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• mdadm: Win7-install created a boot partition on one of my RAID6 drives. How to rebuild?

  - by EXIT_FAILURE

  My problem happened when I attempted to install Windows 7 on it's own SSD. The Linux OS I used which has knowledge of the software RAID system is on a SSD that I disconnected prior to the install. This was so that windows (or I) wouldn't inadvertently mess it up. However, and in retrospect, foolishly, I left the RAID disks connected, thinking that windows wouldn't be so ridiculous as to mess with a HDD that it sees as just unallocated space. Boy was I wrong! After copying over the installation files to the SSD (as expected and desired), it also created an ntfs partition on one of the RAID disks. Both unexpected and totally undesired! . I changed out the SSDs again, and booted up in linux. mdadm didn't seem to have any problem assembling the array as before, but if I tried to mount the array, I got the error message: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md0, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so dmesg: EXT4-fs (md0): ext4_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 0 not in group (block 1318081259)! EXT4-fs (md0): group descriptors corrupted! I then used qparted to delete the newly created ntfs partition on /dev/sdd so that it matched the other three /dev/sd{b,c,e}, and requested a resync of my array with echo repair > /sys/block/md0/md/sync_action This took around 4 hours, and upon completion, dmesg reports: md: md0: requested-resync done. A bit brief after a 4-hour task, though I'm unsure as to where other log files exist (I also seem to have messed up my sendmail configuration). In any case: No change reported according to mdadm, everything checks out. mdadm -D /dev/md0 still reports: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Wed May 23 22:18:45 2012 Raid Level : raid6 Array Size : 3907026848 (3726.03 GiB 4000.80 GB) Used Dev Size : 1953513424 (1863.02 GiB 2000.40 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 4 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Mon May 26 12:41:58 2014 State : clean Active Devices : 4 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 4K Name : okamilinkun:0 UUID : 0c97ebf3:098864d8:126f44e3:e4337102 Events : 423 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb 1 8 32 1 active sync /dev/sdc 2 8 48 2 active sync /dev/sdd 3 8 64 3 active sync /dev/sde Trying to mount it still reports: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md0, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so and dmesg: EXT4-fs (md0): ext4_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 0 not in group (block 1318081259)! EXT4-fs (md0): group descriptors corrupted! I'm a bit unsure where to proceed from here, and trying stuff "to see if it works" is a bit too risky for me. This is what I suggest I should attempt to do: Tell mdadm that /dev/sdd (the one that windows wrote into) isn't reliable anymore, pretend it is newly re-introduced to the array, and reconstruct its content based on the other three drives. I also could be totally wrong in my assumptions, that the creation of the ntfs partition on /dev/sdd and subsequent deletion has changed something that cannot be fixed this way. My question: Help, what should I do? If I should do what I suggested , how do I do that? From reading documentation, etc, I would think maybe: mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --set-faulty /dev/sdd mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --remove /dev/sdd mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --re-add /dev/sdd However, the documentation examples suggest /dev/sdd1, which seems strange to me, as there is no partition there as far as linux is concerned, just unallocated space. Maybe these commands won't work without. Maybe it makes sense to mirror the partition table of one of the other raid devices that weren't touched, before --re-add. Something like: sfdisk -d /dev/sdb | sfdisk /dev/sdd Bonus question: Why would the Windows 7 installation do something so st...potentially dangerous? Update I went ahead and marked /dev/sdd as faulty, and removed it (not physically) from the array: # mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --set-faulty /dev/sdd # mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --remove /dev/sdd However, attempting to --re-add was disallowed: # mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --re-add /dev/sdd mdadm: --re-add for /dev/sdd to /dev/md0 is not possible --add, was fine. # mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdd mdadm -D /dev/md0 now reports the state as clean, degraded, recovering, and /dev/sdd as spare rebuilding. /proc/mdstat shows the recovery progress: md0 : active raid6 sdd[4] sdc[1] sde[3] sdb[0] 3907026848 blocks super 1.2 level 6, 4k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/3] [UU_U] [>....................] recovery = 2.1% (42887780/1953513424) finish=348.7min speed=91297K/sec nmon also shows expected output: ¦sdb 0% 87.3 0.0| > |¦ ¦sdc 71% 109.1 0.0|RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR > |¦ ¦sdd 40% 0.0 87.3|WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW > |¦ ¦sde 0% 87.3 0.0|> || It looks good so far. Crossing my fingers for another five+ hours :) Update 2 The recovery of /dev/sdd finished, with dmesg output: [44972.599552] md: md0: recovery done. [44972.682811] RAID conf printout: [44972.682815] --- level:6 rd:4 wd:4 [44972.682817] disk 0, o:1, dev:sdb [44972.682819] disk 1, o:1, dev:sdc [44972.682820] disk 2, o:1, dev:sdd [44972.682821] disk 3, o:1, dev:sde Attempting mount /dev/md0 reports: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md0, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so And on dmesg: [44984.159908] EXT4-fs (md0): ext4_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 0 not in group (block 1318081259)! [44984.159912] EXT4-fs (md0): group descriptors corrupted! I'm not sure what do do now. Suggestions? Output of dumpe2fs /dev/md0: dumpe2fs 1.42.8 (20-Jun-2013) Filesystem volume name: Atlas Last mounted on: /mnt/atlas Filesystem UUID: e7bfb6a4-c907-4aa0-9b55-9528817bfd70 Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53 Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic) Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype extent flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash Default mount options: user_xattr acl Filesystem state: clean Errors behavior: Continue Filesystem OS type: Linux Inode count: 244195328 Block count: 976756712 Reserved block count: 48837835 Free blocks: 92000180 Free inodes: 243414877 First block: 0 Block size: 4096 Fragment size: 4096 Reserved GDT blocks: 791 Blocks per group: 32768 Fragments per group: 32768 Inodes per group: 8192 Inode blocks per group: 512 RAID stripe width: 2 Flex block group size: 16 Filesystem created: Thu May 24 07:22:41 2012 Last mount time: Sun May 25 23:44:38 2014 Last write time: Sun May 25 23:46:42 2014 Mount count: 341 Maximum mount count: -1 Last checked: Thu May 24 07:22:41 2012 Check interval: 0 (<none>) Lifetime writes: 4357 GB Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root) Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root) First inode: 11 Inode size: 256 Required extra isize: 28 Desired extra isize: 28 Journal inode: 8 Default directory hash: half_md4 Directory Hash Seed: e177a374-0b90-4eaa-b78f-d734aae13051 Journal backup: inode blocks dumpe2fs: Corrupt extent header while reading journal super block

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• DDNS Not Creating Journal (Dhcpd and Named)

  - by user130094

  * EDIT 1 * After monkeying with additional debug logging I see some log entries of interest. 27-Jul-2012 23:45:26.537 general: error: zone example.lan/IN/internal: journal rollforward failed: no more 27-Jul-2012 23:45:26.537 general: error: zone example.lan/IN/internal: not loaded due to errors. ^^^ If I can remedy the above messages I think I'll be good to go ^^^ * EDIT 2 * Grasping at straws I touched a forward and a reverse zone journal file and restarted named. Boom! Works. Despite documentation stating the files are created automatically and what I have seen before... dunno why but that did the trick. Also re-checked perms on the dir the files live in. As certain as I was, they were correct with named having rw. CentOS 6 (final) dhcpd 4.1.1-P1 named BIND 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.10.rc1.el6 Basic DHCP and DNS functionality are in place on 192.168.111.2. Clients are assigned addresses as intended and can resolve local DNS names as well as Internet names. My problem is that named's zone journal files are not created. chroot: /var/named/chroot I tried placing the zone files in various directories (/var/named/data, /var/named, /var/named/dynamic - no matter which dir with named owning and wide open perms I now get nowhere). Along the way I, at one point, got a permission denied when named tried to create the journal. Resolved the issue by: chown --recursive named:named /var/named chmod --recursive 777 /var/named The journal was then created and here's where things fell apart. I attempted to tame permissions to something more sane and broke it. Once changed and having restarted named it threw an error indicating the journal was out of sync (or something to that affect)... didn't matter since this is a new setup so I deleted it and now it is not recreated. Now though I see no errors in /var/log/messages, my chrooted /var/log/named.log, or chrooted /var/log/named.debug. I increased the debug level with 'rndc trace' - no love. Increased trace to 10, still nothing. SELinux is disabled... [root@server temp]# sestatus SELinux status: disabled dhcpd.conf... allow client-updates; ddns-update-style interim; subnet 192.168.111.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 { ... key dhcpudpate { algorithm hmac-md5; secret LDJMdPdEZED+/nN/AGO9ZA==; } zone example.lan. { primary 192.168.111.2; key dhcpudpate; } } named.conf... key dhcpudpate { algorithm hmac-md5; secret "LDJMdPdEZED+/nN/AGO9ZA=="; }; zone "example.lan" { type master; file "/var/named/dynamic/example.lan.db"; allow-transfer { none; }; allow-update { key dhcpudpate; }; notify false; check-names ignore; }; The following shows /var/log/named.log output of named starting up - no errors. 27-Jul-2012 21:33:39.349 general: info: zone 111.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN/internal: loaded serial 2012072601 27-Jul-2012 21:33:39.349 general: info: zone example.lan/IN/internal: loaded serial 2012072501 27-Jul-2012 21:33:39.350 general: info: zone example2.lan/IN/internal: loaded serial 2012072501 27-Jul-2012 21:33:39.350 general: info: zone example3.lan/IN/internal: loaded serial 2012072601 27-Jul-2012 21:33:39.350 general: info: zone example4.lan/IN/internal: loaded serial 2012072501 27-Jul-2012 21:33:39.351 general: info: zone example5.lan/IN/internal: loaded serial 2012072501 27-Jul-2012 21:33:39.351 general: info: managed-keys-zone ./IN/internal: loaded serial 0 27-Jul-2012 21:33:39.351 general: info: zone example.lan/IN/external: loaded serial 2012072501 27-Jul-2012 21:33:39.352 general: info: zone example1.lan/IN/external: loaded serial 2012072501 27-Jul-2012 21:33:39.352 general: info: zone example2.lan/IN/external: loaded serial 2012072501 27-Jul-2012 21:33:39.352 general: info: zone example3.lan/IN/external: loaded serial 2012072501 27-Jul-2012 21:33:39.353 general: info: managed-keys-zone ./IN/external: loaded serial 0 27-Jul-2012 21:33:39.353 general: notice: running 27-Jul-2012 21:34:03.825 general: info: received control channel command 'trace 10' 27-Jul-2012 21:34:03.825 general: info: debug level is now 10 ...and /var/log/messages for a named start... Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: ---------------------------------------------------- Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: BIND 9 is maintained by Internet Systems Consortium, Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: Inc. (ISC), a non-profit 501(c)(3) public-benefit Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: corporation. Support and training for BIND 9 are Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: available at https://www.isc.org/support Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: ---------------------------------------------------- Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: adjusted limit on open files from 4096 to 1048576 Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: found 2 CPUs, using 2 worker threads Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: using up to 4096 sockets Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: loading configuration from '/etc/named.conf' Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: using default UDP/IPv4 port range: [1024, 65535] Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: using default UDP/IPv6 port range: [1024, 65535] Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: listening on IPv4 interface eth0, 192.168.111.2#53 Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: generating session key for dynamic DNS Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: sizing zone task pool based on 12 zones Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: set up managed keys zone for view internal, file 'dynamic/3bed2cb3a3acf7b6a8ef408420cc682d5520e26976d354254f528c965612054f.mkeys' Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: set up managed keys zone for view external, file 'dynamic/3c4623849a49a53911c4a3e48d8cead8a1858960bccdea7a1b978d73ec2f06d7.mkeys' Jul 27 23:02:04 server named[9124]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953 What can I do to troubleshoot this further? It almost seems as though dhcpd is not triggering the update. Maybe I should troubleshoot here and, if so, how? Many thanks.

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• Nginx & Apache Cannot get try_files to work with permalinks

  - by tcherokee

  I have been working on this for the past two weeks not and for some reason I cannot seem to get nginx's try_files to work with my wordpress permalinks. I am hoping someone will be able to tell me where I am going wrong and also hopefully tell me if I made any major errors with my configurations as well (I am an nginx newbie... but learning :) ). Here are my Configuration files nginx.conf user www-data; worker_processes 4; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 768; # multi_accept on; } http { ## # Basic Settings ## sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; # server_tokens off; # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; # server_name_in_redirect off; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; ## # Logging Settings ## # Defines the cache log format, cache log location # and the main access log location. log_format cache '***$time_local ' '$upstream_cache_status ' 'Cache-Control: $upstream_http_cache_control ' 'Expires: $upstream_http_expires ' '$host ' '"$request" ($status) ' '"$http_user_agent" ' ; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } mydomain.com.conf server { listen 123.456.78.901:80; # IP goes here. server_name www.mydomain.com mydomain.com; #root /var/www/mydomain.com/prod; index index.php; ## mydomain.com -> www.mydomain.com (301 - Permanent) if ($host !~* ^(www|dev)) { rewrite ^/(.*)$ $scheme://www.$host/$1 permanent; } # Add trailing slash to */wp-admin requests. rewrite /wp-admin$ $scheme://$host$uri/ permanent; # All media (including uploaded) is under wp-content/ so # instead of caching the response from apache, we're just # going to use nginx to serve directly from there. location ~* ^/(wp-content|wp-includes)/(.*)\.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg|css|js|m$ root /var/www/mydomain.com/prod; } # Don't cache these pages. location ~* ^/(wp-admin|wp-login.php) { proxy_pass http://backend; } location / { if ($http_cookie ~* "wordpress_logged_in_[^=]*=([^%]+)%7C") { set $do_not_cache 1; } proxy_cache_key "$scheme://$host$request_uri $do_not_cache"; proxy_cache main; proxy_pass http://backend; proxy_cache_valid 30m; # 200, 301 and 302 will be cached. # Fallback to stale cache on certain errors. # 503 is deliberately missing, if we're down for maintenance # we want the page to display. #try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?q=$uri$args; #try_files $uri =404; proxy_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_504 http_404; } # Cache purge URL - works in tandem with WP plugin. # location ~ /purge(/.*) { # proxy_cache_purge main "$scheme://$host$1"; # } # No access to .htaccess files. location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } # End server gzip.conf # Gzip Configuration. gzip on; gzip_disable msie6; gzip_static on; gzip_comp_level 4; gzip_proxied any; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; proxy.conf # Set proxy headers for the passthrough proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_max_temp_file_size 0; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 4k; proxy_buffers 4 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; add_header X-Cache-Status $upstream_cache_status; backend.conf upstream backend { # Defines backends. # Extracting here makes it easier to load balance # in the future. Needs to be specific IP as Plesk # doesn't have Apache listening on localhost. ip_hash; server 127.0.0.1:8001; # IP goes here. } cache.conf # Proxy cache and temp configuration. proxy_cache_path /var/www/nginx_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=main:10m max_size=1g inactive=30m; proxy_temp_path /var/www/nginx_temp; proxy_cache_key "$scheme://$host$request_uri"; proxy_redirect off; # Cache different return codes for different lengths of time # We cached normal pages for 10 minutes proxy_cache_valid 200 302 10m; proxy_cache_valid 404 1m; The two commented out try_files in location \ of the mydomain config files are the ones I tried. This error I found in the error log can be found below. ...rewrite or internal redirection cycle while internally redirecting to "/index.php" Thanks in advance

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