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  • How would I code a complex formula parser manually?

    - by StormianRootSolver
    Hm, this is language - agnostic, I would prefer doing it in C# or F#, but I'm more interested this time in the question "how would that work anyway". What I want to accomplish ist: a) I want to LEARN it - it's about my ego this time, it's for a fun project where I want to show myself that I'm a really good at this stuff b) I know a tiny little bit about EBNF (although I don't know yet, how operator precedence works in EBNF - Irony.NET does it right, I checked the examples, but this is a bit ominous to me) c) My parser should be able to take this: 5 * (3 + (2 - 9 * (5 / 7)) + 9) for example and give me the right results d) To be quite frankly, this seems to be the biggest problem in writing a compiler or even an interpreter for me. I would have no problem generating even 64 bit assembler code (I CAN write assembler manually), but the formula parser... e) Another thought: even simple computers (like my old Sharp 1246S with only about 2kB of RAM) can do that... it can't be THAT hard, right? And even very, very old programming languages have formula evaluation... BASIC is from 1964 and they already could calculate the kind of formula I presented as an example f) A few ideas, a few inspirations would be really enough - I just have no clue how to do operator precedence and the parentheses - I DO, however, know that it involves an AST and that many people use a stack So, what do you think?

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  • Data encapsulation in Swift

    - by zpasternack
    I've read the entire Swift book, and watched all the WWDC videos (all of which I heartily recommend). One thing I'm worried about is data encapsulation. Consider the following (entirely contrived) example: class Stack<T> { var items : T[] = [] func push( newItem: T ) { items.insert( newItem, atIndex: 0 ) } func pop() -> T? { if items.count == 0 { return nil; } return items.removeAtIndex( 0 ); } } This class implements a stack, and implements it using an Array. Problem is, items (like all properties in Swift) is public, so nothing is preventing anyone from directly accessing (or even mutating) it separate from the public API. As a curmudgeonly old C++ guy, this makes me very grumpy. I see people bemoaning the lack of access modifiers, and while I agree they would directly address the issue (and I hear rumors that they might be implemented Soon (TM) ), I wonder what some strategies for data hiding would be in their absence. Have I missed something, or is this simply an omission in the language?

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  • Plotting an Arc in Discrete Steps

    - by phobos51594
    Good afternoon, Background My question relates to the plotting of an arbitrary arc in space using discrete steps. It is unique, however, in that I am not drawing to a canvas in the typical sense. The firmware I am designing is for a gcode interpreter for a CNC mill that will translate commands into stepper motor movements. Now, I have already found a similar question on this very site, but the methodology suggested (Bresenham's Algorithm) appears to be incompatable for moving an object in space, as it only relies on the calculation of one octant of a circle which is then mirrored about the remaining axes of symmetry. Furthermore, the prescribed method of calculation an arc between two arbitrary angles relies on trigonometry (I am implementing on a microcontroller and would like to avoid costly trig functions, if possible) and simply not taking the steps that are out of the range. Finally, the algorithm only is designed to work in one rotational direction (e.g. counterclockwise). Question So, on to the actual question: Does anyone know of a general-purpose algorithm that can be used to "draw" an arbitrary arc in discrete steps while still giving respect to angular direction (CW / CCW)? The final implementation will be done in C, but the language for the purpose of the question is irrelevant. Thank you in advance. References S.O post on drawing a simple circle using Bresenham's Algorithm: "Drawing" an arc in discrete x-y steps Wiki page describing Bresenham's Algorithm for a circle http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midpoint_circle_algorithm Gcode instructions to be implemented (see. G2 and G3) http://linuxcnc.org/docs/html/gcode.html

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  • Will Learning C++ Help for Building Fast/No-Additional-Requirements Desktop Applications?

    - by vito
    Will learning C++ help me build native applications with good speed? Will it help me as a programmer, and what are the other benefits? The reason why I want to learn C++ is because I'm disappointed with the UI performances of applications built on top of JVM and .NET. They feel slow, and start slow too. Of course, a really bad programmer can create a slower and sluggish application using C++ too, but I'm not considering that case. One of my favorite Windows utility application is Launchy. And in the Readme.pdf file, the author of the program wrote this: 0.6 This is the first C++ release. As I became frustrated with C#’s large .NET framework requirements and users lack of desire to install it, I decided to switch back to the faster language. I totally agree with the author of Launchy about the .NET framework requirement or even a JRE requirement for desktop applications. Let alone the specific version of them. And some of the best and my favorite desktop applications don't need .NET or Java to run. They just run after installing. Are they mostly built using C++? Is C++ the only option for good and fast GUI based applications? And, I'm also very interested in hearing the other benefits of learning C++.

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  • How would you start automating my job?

    - by Jurily
    At my new job, we sell imported stuff. In order to be able to sell said stuff, currently the following things need to happen for every incoming shipment: Invoice arrives, in the form of an email attachment, Excel spreadsheet Monkey opens invoice, copy-pastes the relevant part of three columns into the relevant parts of a spreadsheet template, where extremely complex calculations happen, like =B2*550 Monkey sends this new spreadsheet to boss (email if lucky, printer otherwise), who sets the retail price Monkey opens the reply, then proceeds to input the data into the production database using a client program that is unusable on so many levels it's not even worth detailing Monkey fires up HyperTerminal, types in "AT", disconnect Monkey sends text messages and emails to customers using another part of the horrible client program, one at a time I want to change Monkey from myself to software wherever possible. I've never written anything that interfaces with email, Excel, databases or SMS before, but I'd be more than happy to learn if it saves me from this. Here's my uneducated wishlist: Monkey asks Thunderbird (mail server perhaps?) for the attachment Monkey tells Excel to dump the spreadsheet into a more Jurily-friendly format, like CSV or something Monkey parses the output, does the complex calculations // TODO: find a way to get the boss-generated prices with minimal manual labor involved Monkey connects to the database, inserts data Monkey spams costumers Is all this feasible? If yes, where do I start reading? How would you improve it? What language/framework do you think would be ideal for this? What would you do about the boss?

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  • Most readable way to write simple conditional check

    - by JRL
    What would be the most readable/best way to write a multiple conditional check such as shown below? Two possibilities that I could think of (this is Java but the language really doesn't matter here): Option 1: boolean c1 = passwordField.getPassword().length > 0; boolean c2 = !stationIDTextField.getText().trim().isEmpty(); boolean c3 = !userNameTextField.getText().trim().isEmpty(); if (c1 && c2 && c3) { okButton.setEnabled(true); } Option 2: if (passwordField.getPassword().length > 0 && !stationIDTextField.getText().trim().isEmpty() && !userNameTextField.getText().trim().isEmpty() { okButton.setEnabled(true); } What I don't like about option 2 is that the line wraps and then indentation becomes a pain. What I don't like about option 1 is that it creates variables for nothing and requires looking at two places. So what do you think? Any other options?

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  • Performance Comparison of Shell Scripts vs high level interpreted langs (C#/Java/etc.)

    - by dferraro
    Hi all, First - This is not meant to be a 'which is better, ignorant nonionic war thread'... But rather, I generally need help in making an architecture decision / argument to put forward to my boss. Skipping the details - I simply just would love to know and find the results of anyone who has done some performance comparisons of Shell vs [Insert General Purpose Programming Language (interpreted) here), such as C# or Java... Surprisingly, I have spent some time on Google on searching here to not find any of this data. Has anyone ever done these comparisons, in different use-cases; hitting a database like in a XYX # of loops doing different types of SQL (Oracle pref, but MSSQL would do) queries such as any of the CRUD ops - and also not hitting database and just regular 50k loop type comparison doing different types of calculations, and things of that nature? In particular - for right now, I need to a comparison of hitting an Oracle DB from a shell script vs, lets say C# (again, any GPPL thats interpreted would be fine, even the higher level ones like Python). But I also need to know about standard programming calculations / instructions/etc... Before you ask 'why not just write a quick test yourself? The answer is: I've been a Windows developer my whole life/career and have very limited knowledge of Shell scripting - not to mention *nix as a whole.... So asking the question on here from the more experienced guys would be grealty beneficial, not to mention time saving as we are in near perputual deadline crunch as it is ;). Thanks so much in advance,

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  • Measuring how "heavily linked" a node is in a graph

    - by Eduardo León
    I have posted this question at MathOverflow.com as well. I am no mathematician and English is not my first language, so please excuse me if my question is too stupid, it is poorly phrased, or both. I am developing a program that creates timetables. My timetable-creating algorithm, besides creating the timetable, also creates a graph whose nodes represent each class I have already programmed, and whose arcs represent which pairs of classes should not be programmed at the same time, even if they have to be reprogrammed. The more "heavily linked" a node is, the more inflexible its associated class is with respect to being reprogrammed. Sometimes, in the middle of the process, there will be no option but to reprogram a class that has already been programmed. I want my program to be able to choose a class that, if reprogrammed, affects the least possible number of other already-programmed classes. That would mean choosing a node in the graph that is "not very heavily linked", subject to some constraints with respect to which nodes can be chosen. EDIT: The question was... Do you know any algorithm that measures how "heavily linked" a node is?

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  • Why aren't variables declared in "try" in scope in "catch" or "finally"?

    - by Jon Schneider
    In C# and in Java (and possibly other languages as well), variables declared in a "try" block are not in scope in the corresponding "catch" or "finally" blocks. For example, the following code does not compile: try { String s = "test"; // (more code...) } catch { Console.Out.WriteLine(s); //Java fans: think "System.out.println" here instead } In this code, a compile-time error occurs on the reference to s in the catch block, because s is only in scope in the try block. (In Java, the compile error is "s cannot be resolved"; in C#, it's "The name 's' does not exist in the current context".) The general solution to this issue seems to be to instead declare variables just before the try block, instead of within the try block: String s; try { s = "test"; // (more code...) } catch { Console.Out.WriteLine(s); //Java fans: think "System.out.println" here instead } However, at least to me, (1) this feels like a clunky solution, and (2) it results in the variables having a larger scope than the programmer intended (the entire remainder of the method, instead of only in the context of the try-catch-finally). My question is, what were/are the rationale(s) behind this language design decision (in Java, in C#, and/or in any other applicable languages)?

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  • How do you handle huge if-conditions?

    - by Teifion
    It's something that's bugged me in every language I've used, I have an if statement but the conditional part has so many checks that I have to split it over multiple lines, use a nested if statement or just accept that it's ugly and move on with my life. Are there any other methods that you've found that might be of use to me and anybody else that's hit the same problem? Example, all on one line: if (var1 = true && var2 = true && var2 = true && var3 = true && var4 = true && var5 = true && var6 = true){ Example, multi-line: if (var1 = true && var2 = true && var2 = true && var3 = true && var4 = true && var5 = true && var6 = true){ Example-nested: if (var1 = true && var2 = true && var2 = true && var3 = true){     if (var4 = true && var5 = true && var6 = true)     {

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  • Is programming overrated?

    - by aengine
    [Subjective and intended to be a community wiki] I am sorry for such an offensive question: But here are my arguments Most of the progress in "computing" has came from non-programming sources. i.e. People invented faster microprocessors and better routers and novel memory devices. I dont think on average people are writting more efficient programs than those written 10 years ago. And the newer and popular languages are infact slower than C. though speed is one of the lesser criterias. Most of the progress came from novel paradigms. Web, Internet, Cloud computing and Social networking are novel paradigms and did not involve progress in programming as such. Heck even facebook was written in PHP and not some extreme language. Though it did face scalability issues (same with twitter) but i believe money and better programmers (who came in much later) took care of that. Thus ideating capability trumped programming capability/ Even things like Map-Reduce, Column oriented database and Probablistic algorithms (E.g. bloom filters) came from hardcore Algorithms research, rather than some programming convention. Thus my final point is why programming skill is so overstressed? To point a recent example about how only 10% of programmers can "write code" (binary search) without debugging. Isnt it a bit hypocritical, considering your real successs lies in coming up with better algorithm or a novel feature rather than getting right first time???

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  • So you want a French Site?

    - by juanlarios
    I thought I would write a quick write up of how to create a french site in SharePoint 2007. I'm not talking about a Variation but just a plain French Site from the ground up. There were some gotchas that I felt were worth blogging about. First:  go to Microsoft Telnet Article and follow the install instructions. Make sure that when you get to the download page that you select "French" as part of the drop down and you download and install the right language pack. I noticed that if you did not click the "change" button enven though I selected the 'french' language pack, it reverted back to the english language pack.   Second: You will notice a couple of things. When you go to central admin you will see the following:    Now you can pick between french site or english. You will get this if you install other language packs and they will be listed in the drop down. You will notice that you now have french headings and frech listings of sites. You see "Publishing" as a heading because I have a custom site definition that I deployed as a french site. Third: As you start navigating around and trying to create document libraries or sites you will start getting errors. Errors like the following: "Cannot make a cache safe URL for "SelectorControls.js", file not found. Please verify that the file exists under the layouts directory. " Troubleshoot issues with Windows SharePoint Services. Once you resolve the issue with this "js" file, you will find that there are other js files that are missing. The only problem is that if you are not fluent in French or the language you are trying to deploy, Well, you'll have a tough time understanding error messages as they will all be in the new language you are trying to deploy. So let's just talk about what happened when you installed the language pack. In the 12 Hive:  12/Template    you will now see a 1033 folder and a 1036 folder. The 1036 folder is the folder that was created and added as part of the language pack. What the above error is saying is that now that it's looking at the 1036 folder, well, it's missing some files. The nice thing is that these files are included in the 1033 folder (which is the English Language Pack). Simply copy and paste the controls from the one folder to the other. There will be more than one conflict so you will have to move serveral controls over. Can't remember how many but simply add them as error messages come up. I had to add some navigation controls and some content selectors.   Now that's all that you need to install the Frech Language pack anc reate site collections that are entirely in a another language. Do not mistake this with Variations, where you can have multiple language sites. For those of you doing a little bit extra with this, let me share what I was doing extra and what I needed to get it working for me. I had had a custom site definition which was obviously not showing up in my selection of french sites. I was under the impression that all sites in English would show up in french and that the sites were simply routed to a new Resource file for french content. And that is the case but there is a little extra that needs to be done if you have a custom site definition deployed:  First: Under hive 12/Template/1033/XML  there is a listing of site definition files that are deployed to the English side of things. If you navigate to 12/Template/1036/XML  and open one of the site definitions you will see that they are similar and reference the existing site definitions installed on the server, except that they have some french added to descriptions and names. Simply copy the xml file of your custom template to the 1036 folder to have it show up as a selection when you select French as the dropdown entry when create a site colleciton. You can go ahead and change the description and name to suit the language it's under.    Second: As part of my site definition, I packaed up several list templates, that were saved as STP files. When you navigate to the list template listing, well, the templates are for English sites, not French so I cannot create document libraries based on the template. What now? well here comes KWIzCom to the rescue! They seem to have put out a "STP language converter" where you can take a site template or list template and convert it to any target language you are after. It's a free download, Use it and you're good to go.  One thing I will mention is that when I convereted the English documents I whent ahead and converted them to French-Canadien. And it didn't work! so I finally figured out that the French Version it was expecting in the french site was "French-France". Don't know why that is, it's just what needs to be done to get that working. When I did that, I was able to use the List templates that I created in the English site for the French Site.   Hope it helps , good luck!

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  • Coding Competition, language agnostic guidelines?

    - by Miau
    Hi there: I might be doing a coding competition soon, I was wondering if anyone made one and what where the guidelines/ process. I'd like to make the competition appealing to all devs, and I m trying to come up with ideas as to how. the scenario is: There is an event running and we(of the coding competition) will have a room that we can use (either to code or for questions, etc), however, ideally the task for the competition should be assignet and they should eb able to go and do other things, if they are so inclined. what i wonder is what kind of challenges to give, and most importantly, what is the criteria to "win" teaching and learning good coding standards takes a looong time, and I d like to think that if you ve been coding for longer you ll do things right and quick... but in a competition, you would be cutting corners... I would really appreciate your input on this

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  • FBML tag to detect user language in a tab

    - by Pierre Olivier Martel
    I have a custom tab for a fan page that need to display a JPEG image. I have an image in English and one in French. Is there a way to detect the user locale in FBML to display the right image? I know how to do this server side using the Facebook fb_sig_locale param but I was planning on just using the Static FBML app which is much simpler than setting up a whole custom application.

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  • file layout and setuptools configuration for the python bit of a multi-language library

    - by dan mackinlay
    So we're writing a full-text search framework MongoDb. MongoDB is pretty much javascript-native, so we wrote the javascript library first, and it works. Now I'm trying to write a python framework for it, which will be partially in python, but partially use those same stored javascript functions - the javascript functions are an intrinsic part of the library. On the other hand, the javascript framework does not depend on python. since they are pretty intertwined it seems like it's worthwhile keeping them in the same repository. I'm trying to work out a way of structuring the whole project to give the javascript and python frameworks equal status (maybe a ruby driver or whatever in the future?), but still allow the python library to install nicely. Currently it looks like this: (simplified a little) javascript/jstest/test1.js javascript/mongo-fulltext/search.js javascript/mongo-fulltext/util.js python/docs/indext.rst python/tests/search_test.py python/tests/__init__.py python/mongofulltextsearch/__init__.py python/mongofulltextsearch/mongo_search.py python/mongofulltextsearch/util.py python/setup.py I've skipped out a few files for simplicity, but you get the general idea; it' a pretty much standard python project... except that it depends critcally ona whole bunch of javascript which is stored in a sibling directory tree. What's the preferred setup for dealing with this kind of thing when it comes to setuptools? I can work out how to use package_data etc to install data files that live inside my python project as per the setuptools docs. The problem is if i want to use setuptools to install stuff, including the javascript files from outside the python code tree, and then also access them in a consistent way when I'm developing the python code and when it is easy_installed to someone's site. Is that supported behaviour for setuptools? Should i be using paver or distutils2 or Distribute or something? (basic distutils is not an option; the whole reason I'm doing this is to enable requirements tracking) How should i be reading the contents of those files into python scripts?

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  • Assembly Language bug with space character

    - by Bobby
    Having a bit of difficulty getting my input to print once a white space character is inputted. So far, i have it to display the uppercase/lowercase of the input but once i enter a string it doesnt read whats after the white space character. any suggestions? EDIT: intel x86 processor and im using EMU8086 org 100h include 'emu8086.inc' printn "Enter string to convert" mov dx,20 call get_string printn mov bx,di mov ah,0eh mov al,[ds+bx] cmp al, 41h cmp al, 5Ah jle ToLower1 cmp al, 61h cmp al, 7ah jle ToUpper1 ToLower1: add al, 20h int 10h jmp stop1 ToUpper1: sub al, 20h int 10h stop1: inc bx mov al,[ds+bx] cmp al, 41h cmp al, 5Ah jle ToLower2 cmp al, 61h cmp al, 7ah jle ToUpper2 ToLower2: add al, 20h int 10h jmp stop2 ToUpper2: sub al, 20h int 10h stop2: inc bx mov al,[ds+bx] cmp al, 41h cmp al, 5Ah jle ToLower3 cmp al, 61h cmp al, 7ah jle ToUpper3 ToLower3: add al, 20h int 10h jmp stop3 ToUpper3: sub al, 20h int 10h stop3: inc bx mov al,[ds+bx] cmp al, 41h cmp al, 5Ah jle ToLower4 cmp al, 61h cmp al, 7ah jle ToUpper4 ToLower4: add al, 20h int 10h jmp stop4 ToUpper4: sub al, 20h int 10h stop4: inc bx mov al,[ds+bx] cmp al, 41h cmp al, 5Ah jle ToLower5 cmp al, 61h cmp al, 7ah jle ToUpper5 ToLower5: add al, 20h int 10h jmp stop5 ToUpper5: sub al, 20h int 10h stop5: printn hlt define_get_string define_print_string end

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  • Language Tricks to Shorten My Java Code?

    - by yar
    I am currently rediscovering Java (working with Ruby a lot recently), and I love the compilation-time checking of everything. It makes refactoring so easy. However, I miss playing fast-and-loose with types to do an each loop. This is my worst code. Is this as short as it can be? I have a collection called looperTracks, which has instances that implement Looper. I don't want to modify that collection, but I want to iterate through its members PLUS the this (which also implements Looper). List<Looper> allLoopers = new ArrayList<Looper>(looperTracks.length + 1); for (LooperTrack track : looperTracks) { allLoopers.add(track); } allLoopers.add(this); for (Looper looper : allLoopers) { // Finally! I have a looper I'm particularly concerned about any features that are new to Java from 1.5 on that I may have missed. For this question I am not asking about JRuby nor Groovy, though I know that they would work for this. Edit: Sorry (too much Ruby!)... looperTracks is of type LooperTrack[] and LooperTrack implements Looper.

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  • AVL tree in C language

    - by I_S_W
    Hey all; i am currently doing a project that requires the use of AVL trees , the insert function i wrote for the avl does not seem to be working , it works for 3 or 4 nodes at maximum ; i would really appreciate your help The attempt is below enter code here Tree insert(Tree t,char name[80],int num) { if(t==NULL) { t=(Tree)malloc(sizeof(struct node)); if(t!=NULL) { strcpy(t->name,name); t->num=num; t->left=NULL; t->right=NULL; t->height=0; } } else if(strcmp(name,t->name)<0) { t->left=insert(t->left,name,num); if((height(t->left)-height(t->right))==2) if(strcmp(name,t->left->name)<0) { t=s_rotate_left(t);} else{ t=d_rotate_left(t);} } else if(strcmp(name,t-name)0) { t-right=insert(t-right,name,num); if((height(t-right)-height(t-left))==2) if(strcmp(name,t-right-name)0){ t=s_rotate_right(t); } else{ t=d_rotate_right(t);} } t-height=max(height(t-left),height(t-right))+1; return t; }

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  • Runtime error of TASM language help!

    - by dominoos
    .model small .stack 400h .data message db "hello. ", 0ah, 0dh, "$" firstdigit db ? seconddigit db ? thirddigit db ? number dw ? newnumber db ? anumber dw 0d bnumber dw 0d Firstn db 0ah, 0dh, "Enter first 3 digit number: ","$" secondn db 0ah, 0dh, "Enter second 3 digit number: ","$" messageB db 0ah, 0dh, "HCF of two number is: ","$" linebreaker db 0ah, 0dh, ' ', 0ah, 0dh, '$' .code Start: mov ax, @data ; establish access to the data segment mov ds, ax ; mov number, 0d mov dx, offset message ; print the string "yob choi 0648293" mov ah, 9h int 21h num: mov dx, offset Firstn ; print the string "put 1st 3 digit" mov ah, 9h int 21h ;run JMP FirstFirst ; jump to FirstFirst FirstFirst: ;first digit mov ah, 1d ;bios code for read a keystroke int 21h ;call bios, it is understood that the ascii code will be returned in al mov firstdigit, al ;may as well save a copy sub al, 30h ;Convert code to an actual integer cbw ;CONVERT BYTE TO WORD. This takes whatever number is in al and ;extends it to ax, doubling its size from 8 bits to 16 bits ;The first digit now occupies all of ax as an integer mov cx, 100d ;This is so we can calculate 100*1st digit +10*2nd digit + 3rd digit mul cx ;start to accumulate the 3 digit number in the variable imul cx ;it is understood that the other operand is ax ; the result will use both dx::ax ;dx will contain only leading zeros add anumber, ax ;save ;Second Digit mov ah, 1d ;bios code for read a keystroke int 21h ;call bios, it is understood that the ascii code will be returned in al mov seconddigit, al ;may as well save a copy sub al, 30h ;Convert code to an actual integer cbw ;CONVERT BYTE TO WORD. This takes whatever number is in al and ;extends it to ax, boubling its size from 8 bits to 16 bits ;The first digit now occupies all of ax as an integer mov cx, 10d ;continue to accumulate the 3 digit number in the variable mul cx ;it is understood that the other operand is ax, containing first digit ;the result will use both dx::ax ;dx will contain only leading zeros. add anumber, ax ;save ;third Digit mov ah, 1d ;samething as above int 21h ; mov thirddigit, al ; sub al, 30h ; cbw ; add anumber, ax ; jmp num2 ;go to checks Num2: mov dx, offset secondn ; print the string "put 2nd 3 digits" mov ah, 9h int 21h ;run JMP SecondSecond SecondSecond: ;first digit mov ah, 1d ;bios code for read a keystroke int 21h ;call bios, it is understood that the ascii code will be returned in al mov firstdigit, al ;may as well save a copy sub al, 30h ;Convert code to an actual integer cbw ;CONVERT BYTE TO WORD. This takes whatever number is in al and ;extends it to ax, doubling its size from 8 bits to 16 bits ;The first digit now occupies all of ax as an integer mov cx, 100d ;This is so we can calculate 100*1st digit +10*2nd digit + 3rd digit mul cx ;start to accumulate the 3 digit number in the variable imul cx ;it is understood that the other operand is ax ; the result will use both dx::ax ;dx will contain only leading zeros add bnumber, ax ;save ;Second Digit mov ah, 1d ;bios code for read a keystroke int 21h ;call bios, it is understood that the ascii code will be returned in al mov seconddigit, al ;may as well save a copy sub al, 30h ;Convert code to an actual integer cbw ;CONVERT BYTE TO WORD. This takes whatever number is in al and ;extends it to ax, boubling its size from 8 bits to 16 bits ;The first digit now occupies all of ax as an integer mov cx, 10d ;continue to accumulate the 3 digit number in the variable mul cx ;it is understood that the other operand is ax, containing first digit ;the result will use both dx::ax ;dx will contain only leading zeros. add bnumber, ax ;save ;third Digit mov ah, 1d ;samething as above int 21h ; mov thirddigit, al ; sub al, 30h ; cbw ; add bnumber, ax ; jmp compare ;go to compare compare: CMP ax, anumber ;comparing numbB and Number JA comp1 ;go to comp1 if anumber is bigger CMP ax, anumber ; JB comp2 ;go to comp2 if anumber is smaller CMP ax, anumber ; JE equal ;go to equal if two numbers are the same JMP compare ;go to compare (avioding error) comp1: SUB ax, anumber; subtract smaller number from bigger number JMP compare ; comp2: SUB anumber, ax; subtract smaller number from bigger number JMP compare ; equal: mov ah, 9d ;make linkbreak after the 2nd 3 digit number mov dx, offset linebreaker int 21h mov ah, 9d ;print "HCF of two number is:" mov dx, offset messageB int 21h mov ax,anumber ;copying 2nd number into ax add al,30h ; converting to ascii mov newnumber,al ; copying from low part of register into newnumb mov ah, 2d ;bios code for print a character mov dl, newnumber ;we had saved the ascii code here int 21h ;call to bios JMP exit; exit: mov ah, 4ch int 21h ;exit the program End hi, this is a program that finds highest common factor of 2 different 3digit number. if i put 200, 235,312 (low numbers) it works fine. but if i put 500, 550, 654(bigger number) the program crashes after the 2nd 3digit number is entered. can you help me to find out what problem is?

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  • OpenGL Shading Language portability

    - by Luca
    I've noticed that my GLSL shaders are not compilable when the GLSL version is lower than 130. What are the most critical elements for having a backward compatible shader source? I don't want to have a full backward compatibility, but I'd like to understand the main guidelines for having simple shaders running on GPU with GLSL lower than 130. Thank you

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  • Copy & rename file using .bat file language?

    - by flyout
    I want to make a .bat to copy & rename a file multiple times. I want to have a list of names, and an original file, then I want to copy that file and rename it for each name on the list. How I can do this using a .bat file? Also is it possible to run winrar fromthe .bat to .rar or .zip every file after copying/renaming?

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