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• Multiple static WAN IP addresses to single LAN subnet

  - by Jessy Houle

  Below is my home network topology. I currently have 5 static IP addresses, 3 of which are in use by 3 routers. These routers in-turn subnet internal networks and port forward. I use my SSL VPN appliance to remote home from work or on the road. At this point I can remotely administer my Windows Server. I know the network is setup wrong, I was matching existing hardware the best I knew how. http://storage.jessyhoule.com.s3.amazonaws.com/network_topology.jpg Ok this said, here is the problem... One of my websites on my Windows Server now needs to be secure (SSL using port 443). However, I'm already port forwarding port 443 to my VPN appliance. Furthermore, if I'm going to have to reconfigure the network, I would really like to be able to use the SSL VPN to remotely administer all machines. I mentioned this to a friend of mine, who said that what I was looking for was a firewall. Explaining that a firewall would take in multiple static (WAN) IP addresses, and still allow all internal devices to be on the same network. So, basically, I could supply my SSL VPN appliance it's very own static (WAN) IP address routing, and yet have it on the same internal network (192.168.1.x) as all my other devices. The first question is... Does this sound right? Secondly, would you suggest anything different? And, finally, what is the cheapest way to do this? I am started down the road of downloading/installing untangle and smoothwall to see if they will do the job, hoping they take multiple static (WAN) IP addresses. Thank you in advance for your answers. -Jessy Houle

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• 553-Message filtered - HELO Name issue?

  - by g18c

  I am having major issues sending from my SBS2011 machine to Message labs server-13.tower-134.messagelabs.com #553-Message filtered. Refer to the Troubleshooting page at 553-http://www.symanteccloud.com/troubleshooting for more 553 information. (#5.7.1) ## I have changed the IP and hostnames from the below. I am not on any IP or domain blacklists. I have setup SPF (which includes mailchimp servers): v=spf1 mx a ip4:95.74.157.22/32 a:remote.mydomain.com include:servers.mcsv.net ~all I am sure i have setup my HELO names correctly under the Exchange Management console, sending a test email from the SBS server and looking at the header shows the following: X-Orig-To: [email protected] X-Originating-Ip: [95.74.157.22] Received: from [95.74.157.22] ([95.74.157.22:52194] helo=remote.mydomain.com) by smtp50.gate.ord1a.rsapps.net (envelope-from <[email protected]>) (ecelerity 2.2.3.49 r(42060/42061)) with ESMTP id 11/90-10010-E529C835; Mon, 02 Jun 2014 11:04:09 -0400 Received: from MYSBSSVR.mydomain.local ([fe80::3159:95a6:23f:1bef]) by MYSBSSVR.mydomain.local ([fe80::3159:95a6:23f:1bef%10]) with mapi id 14.01.0438.000; Mon, 2 Jun 2014 19:03:56 +0400 Is is the main helo name there OK and do i need to worry about the second Received block where the MYSBSVR.mydomain.local is mentioned? I have asked the ISP to set the reverse DNS for my IP to remote.mydomain.com but they have instead put remote.MYDOMAIN.com - would this case cause HELO lookups to classify this as not matching? Anything else I can do to find out why i am being filtered?

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• How does USB device recognition work?

  - by GorillaSandwich

  I'm curious how USB device recognition works in Windows. I imagine it's something like this: When you plug in a device, it tells Windows "here's my device ID to tell you what I am" Windows looks to see if any drivers have been installed that match that device ID. The driver probably tells Windows what the device should be called - like "BlackBerry Curve" or "Canon Printer" If so, it somehow associates that device with that driver Otherwise, it looks for a matching driver online (if you let it) Am I right? If so, that still leaves some questions. When you install drivers, where do they go? Are they files in a folder, or do they get added to the registry? What is Windows doing when it first recognizes the device, thinks, and finally says "your new device is installed and ready to use?" Where does Windows look for missing drivers? Is it in their own database? Do device manufacturers submit drivers to Microsoft for inclusion there? Can anybody explain how this process really works? Also, do other OSes do this differently?

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• Same netmask or /32 for secondary IP on Linux

  - by derobert

  There appear to be (at least) two ways to add a secondary IP address to an interface on Linux. By secondary, I mean that it'll accept traffic to the IP address, and responses to connections made to that IP will use it as a source, but any traffic the box originates (e.g., an outgoing TCP connection) will not use the secondary address. Both ways start with adding the primary address, e.g., ip addr add 172.16.8.10/24 dev lan. Then I can add the secondary address with either a netmask of /24 (matching the primary) or /32. If I add it with a /24, it gets flagged secondary, so will not be used as the source of outgoing packets, but that leaves a risk of the two addresses being added in the wrong order by mistake. If I add it with /32, wrong order can't happen, but it doesn't get flagged as secondary, and I'm not sure what the bad effects of that may be. So, I'm wondering, which approach is least likely to break? (If it matters, the main service on this machine is MySQL, but it also runs NFSv3. I'm adding a second machine as a warm standby, and hope to switch between them by changing which owns the secondary IP.)

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• zsh auto-complete event designator

  - by simont

  (See my previous question for additional context). I'm migrating to zsh from bash, and using oh-my-zsh. When my zsh history looks something like the following: git status git add -A git commit I want to be able to re-run git add -A. To do that, I could use !?git add, which should: !?str[?] Refer to the most recent command containing str. The trailing ‘?’ is necessary if this reference is to be followed by a modifier or followed by any text that is not to be considered part of str. The link for zsh event designators is here. Unfortunately, I can't do this - as I'm typing !?git add, as I hit the ' ', it auto-completes the command to the most recent command matching git (ie, it auto-completes with git commit). I can't use the event designator properly because of this auto-completion as I hit the space. I assume this is an oh-my-zsh feature. I have no idea where to look, though - greping for 'complet' in the oh-my-zsh source doesn't get me anywhere. My question: how do I turn off this feature? Or, if that's not something that's known, where should I be looking - if I was going to implement this auto-complete when whitespace is entered, where would be a logical place to do so in the oh-my-zsh framework?

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• Adventures in Drupal multisite config with mod_rewrite and clean urls

  - by moexu

  The university where I work is planning to offer Drupal hosting to staff/faculty who want a Drupal site. We've set up Drupal multisite with clean urls and it's mostly working except for some weird redirects. If you have two sites where one is a substring of the other then you'll randomly be redirected to the other site. I tracked the problem to how mod_rewrite does path matching, so with a config file like this: RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/drupal RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /drupal/index.php?q=$1 [last,qsappend] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/drupaltest RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /drupaltest/index.php?q=$1 [last,qsappend] /drupaltest will match the /drupal line and all of the links on the /drupaltest page will be rewritten to point to /drupal. If you put the end of string character ($) at the end of each rewrite condition then it will always match on the correct site and the links will always be rewritten correctly. That breaks down as soon as a user logs in though because the query string is appended to the url so just the base url will no longer match. You can also fix the problem by ordering the sites in the config file so that the smallest substring will always be last. I suggested storing all of the sites in a table and then querying, sorting, and rewriting the config file every time a Drupal site is requested so that we could guarantee the order. The system administrator thought that was kludgy and didn't address the root problem. Disabling clean urls should also fix the problem but the users really want them so I'd prefer to keep them if possible. I think we could also fix it by using an .htaccess file in each site to handle the clean url rewriting but that also seems suboptimal since it will generate a higher load on the server and the server is intended to host the majority of the university's external facing web content. Is there some magic I can do with mod_rewrite to get it to work? Would another solution be better? Am I doing something the wrong way to begin with?

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• nginx config woes for multiple subdomains & domains

  - by Peter Hanneman

  I'm finally moving away from Apache and I've got the latest development version of nginx running on a fully updated Ubuntu 10.04 VPS. I've got a single dedicated IP for the box (1.2.3.4) but I've got two separate domains pointing to the server: www.example1.com and www.example2.net. I would like to map the fallowing relationships between urls and document roots in the config: www.example1.com / example1.com -> /var/www/pub/example1.com/ subdomain.example1.com -> /var/www/dev/subdomain/example1.com/ www.example2.net / example2.net -> /var/www/pub/example2.net/ subdomain.example2.net -> /var/www/dev/subdomain/example2.net/ Where the name of the requested subdomain is a folder under /var/www/dev/. Ideally a request for a non-existent subdomain(no matching folder found) would result in a rewrite to the public site (eg: invalid.example1.com -- www.example1.com) however a mere "404 Not Found" wouldn't be the worst thing in the world. It would also be nice if I didn't need to modify the config every time I mkdir a new subdomain folder - even better if I don't need to edit it for a new domain either...but now I'm getting greedy... :p Although in my defense Apache did all of this with a single directive. Does anyone know how I can efficiently mimic this behavior in nginx? Thanks in advance, Peter Hanneman

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• Relation between server_name in nginx sites-available, /etc/hosts file and A-records

  - by user2818584

  I have the following two server-blocks in my config-file in sites-available: server { listen 80; server_name www.mydomain.be; root /usr/share/nginx/html; index index.html index.htm; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; } } server { listen 80; server_name sub.mydomain.be; root /usr/share/nginx/sub; index index.html index.htm; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; } } I also created an A-record for both www.domain.be and sub.domain.be with the IP of my server as value. Yet, when I try to reload my nginx configuration with service nginx reload it fails. When I remove the second server-block, it reloads as expected. I know this topic is popular, and that there are loads of such [nginx][subdomain] questions here, but none of them seems to discuss explicitly how the following three things hang together: virtual hosts or server blocks in nginx (est. server_name matching) the effect of A-records on how nginx processes requests the need to add hosts to /etc/hosts Right now I have the impression that a lack of knowledge of this bigger picture, rather than specific knowledge of nginx configuration prevents me from making this work.

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• What are the frequencies of current in computers' external peripheral cables and internal buses?

  - by Tim

  From Wikipedia, three different cases of current frequency are discussed along with the types of cables that are suitable for them: An Extra Ordinary electrical cables suffice to carry low frequency AC, such as mains power, which reverses direction 100 to 120 times per second (cycling 50 to 60 times per second). However, they cannot be used to carry currents in the radio frequency range or higher, which reverse direction millions to billions of times per second, because the energy tends to radiate off the cable as radio waves, causing power losses. Radio frequency currents also tend to reflect from discontinuities in the cable such as connectors, and travel back down the cable toward the source. These reflections act as bottlenecks, preventing the power from reaching the destination. Transmission lines use specialized construction such as precise conductor dimensions and spacing, and impedance matching, to carry electromagnetic signals with minimal reflections and power losses. Types of transmission line include ladder line, coaxial cable, dielectric slabs, stripline, optical fiber, and waveguides. The higher the frequency, the shorter are the waves in a transmission medium. Transmission lines must be used when the frequency is high enough that the wavelength of the waves begins to approach the length of the cable used. To conduct energy at frequencies above the radio range, such as millimeter waves, infrared, and light, the waves become much smaller than the dimensions of the structures used to guide them, so transmission line techniques become inadequate and the methods of optics are used. I wonder what the frequencies are for the currents in computers' external peripheral cables, such as Ethernet cable, USB cable, and in computers' internal buses? Are the cables also made specially for the frequencies? Thanks!

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• Puppet - Is it possible to use a global var to pull in a template with the same name?

  - by Mike Purcell

  I'm new to puppet. As such I am trying to work my way around the best way to setup my manifests that make sense. Following the DRY (don't repeat yourself) principle, I am trying to load common directives in one template, then load in environment specific directives from a file matching the environment. Basically like this: # nodes.pp node base_dev { $service_env = 'dev' } node 'service1.ownij.lan' inherits base_dev { include global_env_specific } class global_env_specific { include shell::bash } # modules/shell/bash.pp class shell::bash inherits shell { notify{"Service env: ${service_env}": } file { '/etc/profile.d/custom_test.sh': content => template('_global/prefix.erb', 'shell/bash/global.erb', 'shell/bash/$service_env.erb'), mode => 644 } } But every time I run puppet agent --test puppet complains that it can't find the shell/bash/$service_env.erb file, but I double checked that it exists. I know the var is accessible due to the notify statement outputting the expected value, so I suspect I am doing which is not allowed. I know I could have a single template.erb and pass variables to the template, which would work in this case because the custom.sh file is small and not many changes across environments, but for more complex configs (httpd, solr, etc) I'd prefer to access environment specific files. I am also aware that I can specify environment specific module paths, but I'd prefer to just handle this behavior at the template level, instead of having several, closely named directories. Thanks.

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• How to turn off Tomcat logging in Eclipse?

  - by kirdie

  I develop a Vaadin project in Eclipse that I start through Tomcat 6 which gets started directly by Eclipse. Tomcat prints an enormous amount of log messages though on each start which makes it hard to see the output of my own Application. I have already replaced all log levels in tomcat6/conf/logging.properties by WARNING (e.g. java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = WARNING) but I still get many INFO messages. How can I turn this off or restrict the log messages to WARNING? An example of the messages Okt 26, 2012 12:16:36 PM org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init INFO: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library 1.1.24. Okt 26, 2012 12:16:36 PM org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init INFO: APR capabilities: IPv6 [true], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true]. Okt 26, 2012 12:16:36 PM org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin WARNING: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.j2ee.server:saim' did not find a matching property. Okt 26, 2012 12:16:37 PM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol init INFO: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080 Okt 26, 2012 12:16:37 PM org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpAprProtocol init INFO: Initializing Coyote AJP/1.3 on ajp-8009 Okt 26, 2012 12:16:37 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load INFO: Initialization processed in 879 ms Okt 26, 2012 12:16:37 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService start INFO: Starting service Catalina Okt 26, 2012 12:16:37 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine start INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/6.0.32 Okt 26, 2012 12:16:37 PM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol start INFO: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080 Okt 26, 2012 12:16:37 PM org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpAprProtocol start INFO: Starting Coyote AJP/1.3 on ajp-8009 Okt 26, 2012 12:16:37 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start INFO: Server startup in 568 ms

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• Mechanism behind user forwarding in ScriptAliasMatch

  - by jolivier

  I am following this tutorial to setup gitolite and at some point the following ScriptAliasMatch is used: ScriptAliasMatch \ "(?x)^/(.*/(HEAD | \ info/refs | \ objects/(info/[^/]+ | \ [0-9a-f]{2}/[0-9a-f]{38} | \ pack/pack-[0-9a-f]{40}\.(pack|idx)) | \ git-(upload|receive)-pack))$" \ /var/www/bin/gitolite-suexec-wrapper.sh/$1 And the target script starts with USER=$1 So I am guessing this is used to forward the user name from apache to the suexec script (which indeed requires it). But I cannot see how this is done. The ScriptAliasMatch documentation makes me think that the /$1 will be replaced by the first matching group of the regexp before it. For me it captures from (?x)^/(.* to ))$ so there is nothing about a user here. My underlying problem is that USER is empty in my script so I get no authorizations in gitolite. I give my username to apache via a basic authentication: <Location /> # Crowd auth AuthType Basic AuthName "Git repositories" ... Require valid-user </Location> defined just under the previous ScriptAliasMatch. So I am really wondering how this is supposed to work and what part of the mechanism I missed so that I don't retrieve the user in my script.

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• Use a preferred username but authenticate against Kerberos principal

  - by Jason R. Coombs

  What I desire to do should be pretty simple. I have an Ubuntu 10.04 box. It's currently configured to authenticate users against a kerberos realm (EXAMPLE.ORG). There is only one realm in the krb5.conf file and it is the default realm. [libdefaults] default_realm = EXAMPLE.ORG PAM is configured to use the pam_krb5 module, so if a user account is created on the local machine, and that username matches the [email protected] credential, that user may log in by supplying his kerberos password. What I would like to do instead is create a local user account with a different username, but have it always authenticate against the canonical name in the kerberos server. For example, the kerberos principal is [email protected]. I would like to create the local account preferred.name and somehow configure kerberos that when someone attempts to log in as preferred.name, it uses the principal [email protected]. I have tried using the auth_to_local_names in krb5.conf, but this doesn't seem to do the trick. [realms] EXAMPLE.ORG = { auth_to_local_names = { full.name = preferred.name } I have tried adding [email protected] to ~preferred.name/.k5login. In all cases, when I attempt to log in as preferred.name@host and enter the password for full.name, I get Access denied. I even tried using auth_to_local in krb5.conf, but I couldn't get the syntax right. Is it possible to have a (distinct) local username that for all purposes behaves exactly like a matching username does? If so, how is this done?

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• mod rewrite help

  - by Benny B

  Ok, I don't know regex very well so I used a generator to help me make a simple mod_rewrite that works. Here's my full URL https://www.huttonchase.com/prodDetails.php?id_prd=683 For testing to make sure I CAN use this, I used this: RewriteRule prodDetails/(.*)/$ /prodDetails.php?id_prd=$1 So I can use the URL http://www.huttonchase.com/prodDetails/683/ If you click it, it works but it completely messes up the relative paths. There are a few work-arounds but I want something a little different. https://www.huttonchase.com/prod_683_stainless-steel-flask I want it to see that 'prod' is going to tell it which rule it's matching, 683 is the product number that I'm looking up in the database, and I want it to just IGNORE the last part, it's there only for SEO and to make the link mean something to customers. I'm told that this should work, but it's not: RewriteRule ^prod_([^-]*)_([^-]*)$ /prodDetails.php?id_prd=$1 [L] Once I get the first one to work I'll write one for Categories: https://www.huttonchase.com/cat_11_drinkware And database driven text pages: https://www.huttonchase.com/page_44_terms-of-service BTW, I can flip around my use of dash and underscore if need be. Also, is it better to end the URLs with a slash or without? Thanks!

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• SQL Server Instance login issue

  - by reallyJim

  I've just brought up a new installation of SQL Server 2008. I installed the default instance as well as one named instance. I'm having a problem connecting to the named instance from anywhere besides the server itself with any user besides 'sa'. I am running in mixed mode. I have a login/user that has a known username. Using that user/login, I can properly connect when directly on the server. When I attempt to login from anywhere else, I recieve a "Login failed for user ''", with Error 18456. In the log file in the server, I see a reason that doesn't seem to help: "Reason: Could not find a login matching the name provided.". However, that user/login DOES exist, as I can use it locally. There are no further details about the error. Where can I start to find something to help me with this? I've tried deleting and recreating the user, as well as just creating a new one from scratch--same result, locally fine, remotely an error. EDIT: Partially Resolved. I'm now passed the base issue--the clients were trying to connect via the default instance. I don't know why. So, once proper ports were opened in the firewall, and a static port assigned to the named instance, I can now connect--BUT ONLY if I specify the connection as Server,Port. SQLBrowser is apparently not helping/working in this case. I've verified it IS running, and done a stop/restart after my config changes, but no difference yet.

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• CentOS 5 : error in installing php-imap

  - by TMMDev

  can someone please help me with this CentOS 5 question? I am trying to install php-imap, i tried yum install php-imap but I am getting the following output: Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, priorities, security Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: centos.hostingxtreme.com * epel: mirror.steadfast.net * extras: mirror.team-cymru.org * updates: mirror.beyondhosting.net Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package php-imap.x86_64 0:5.1.6-44.el5_10 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency: php-common = 5.1.6-44.el5_10 for package: php-imap --> Finished Dependency Resolution php-imap-5.1.6-44.el5_10.x86_64 from updates has depsolving problems --> Missing Dependency: php-common = 5.1.6-44.el5_10 is needed by package php-imap-5.1.6-44.el5_10.x86_64 (updates) Error: Missing Dependency: php-common = 5.1.6-44.el5_10 is needed by package php-imap-5.1.6-44.el5_10.x86_64 (updates) You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem You could try running: package-cleanup --problems package-cleanup --dupes rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest The program package-cleanup is found in the yum-utils package. I already have php-common installed, I ran "yum install php-common" and got the following output Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, priorities, security Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: centos.hostingxtreme.com * epel: mirror.steadfast.net * extras: mirror.team-cymru.org * updates: mirror.beyondhosting.net Setting up Install Process Package matching php-common-5.1.6-44.el5_10.x86_64 already installed. Checking for update. Nothing to do how can I fix this problem?

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• Connecting a laptop to a TV via HDMI

  - by Madmartigan

  I just bought a new Dell XPS17 laptop (Win7) that only has HDMI output. My last 2 laptops had VGA, which I used to connect to my Sony Bravia 32" TV with no issues, but with the HDMI it's been quite a headache. Drivers for display adapters have been updated to the latest versions: Intel(R) HD Graphics Family NVIDIA GeForce GT 550M I went to a store and plugged in to 4 different TVs from different manufacturers. A sales rep and I spent about 30 minutes being baffled by the results (which are the same as my current TV): Extreme buggy behavior in the Nvidia and Windows display/resolution control panel Can not extend or duplicate displays, can only select one Third and fourth output devices "randomly" detected by the Windows control panel Could not get the screen to fit the output (edges cut off on all sides by about a half inch) Resolution and colors less than perfect. Artifacts around text. Display "randomly" cuts out Defaults to TV output only when plugged in Can not change resolution on either device when connected No audio from the TV Plugged in to 3 monitors from different manufacturers: Defaults to duplicated displays when plugged in Everything works perfectly So far, four people have gone through all the settings in the latop with no luck. I had similar, but not exactly matching results with a different laptop. I'm using the Sony Bravia currently at home, but in order to get it to work I have to turn on the laptop, wait until the display shows up on it, close the lid, then cycle through each output channel on the TV until I come back around to the HDMI port again, but still I have the symptoms described above. However: Once in a while, it just works. Sometimes, seemingly randomly, the output fits the screen perfectly. Sometimes the audio comes through the speakers too, but not always. Usually my screen saver "Mystify" will come up with a message that it cannot be displayed due to a limitation of the video card, but then sometimes it works fine. These 3 things seem to be independent of each other and don't always happen together. So, is there any way to get the laptop to output correctly to a TV, or is it just not meant to be?

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• LAMP Setup, PHP's session_start permission denied

  - by Andrew

  I'm trying to set up a development environment for a legacy system that runs CentOS 4.8, PHP 4.3.9, and MySQL 4.1.22. I'm matching OS and software versions to keep the development server as close to the production server as possible. When I fire up PHPMyAdmin's setup script (version 2.11.10.1, of course) the installation errors out and I see these errors in my error log: [client 172.18.141.74] PHP Warning: session_start(): open(/var/lib/php/session/sess_b5b90f86bd3dcfad315ff24cb7483a79, O_RDWR) failed: Permission denied (13) in /home/www/intranet/phpmyadmin/libraries/session.inc.php on line 87 [client 172.18.141.74] PHP Warning: Unknown(): open(/var/lib/php/session/sess_b5b90f86bd3dcfad315ff24cb7483a79, O_RDWR) failed: Permission denied (13) in Unknown on line 0 [client 172.18.141.74] PHP Warning: Unknown(): Failed to write session data (files). Please verify that the current setting of session.save_path is correct (/var/lib/php/session) in Unknown on line 0 I've done some searching on ServerFault and on teh Googles and I see that a common reason for this error is that the session.save_path isn't writable by the www user. I also found where in /etc/php.ini this URL is set: session.save_path. My session.save_path is set to: session.save_path = /var/lib/php/session I've since changed the owner and the group of /var/lib/php/session and still have the same error. Here's the result of ls -la for /var/lib/php [root@localhost php]# ls -la total 24 drwxrwxr-x 3 www www 4096 Oct 23 20:21 . drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 4096 Oct 23 20:31 .. drwxrwx--- 2 www www 4096 Jun 1 2009 session ...But I'm still getting the same error. Is there another possibility for why I'm getting this error?

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• Things to check for an internet-facing email server.

  - by Shtééf

  I'm faced with the task of setting up a public-internet-facing email server, that will be relaying mail for all of our other servers in the network. While the software in itself is set up in few keystrokes, what little experience I have with managing an email server has thought me that there are tons of awkward filtering techniques employed by other email systems. Systems that my own server will inevitably interact with a some point. Hence, my questions: What things should be kept in mind and double checked when setting up an email server? What resources are available for checking if my email server is set-up correctly? I'm specifically NOT looking for instructions for any given mail server, such as Exchange or Postfix. But it's okay to say: “you should have X and Y in your set-up, because when talking to server software Z, it typically tries to weed out open relays by checking for these.” Some things I've discovered myself: Make sure forward and reverse DNS are set up. Mail servers tend to do a reverse lookup for the peer IP-address when receiving. Matching a reverse look up with a follow-up forward lookup is probably employed to weed out open relays run through malware on home networks. Make sure the user in the From-address exists. The From-address is easily spoofed. A receiving mail server may try to contact the mail server in the From-domain, and see if the From-user actually exists.

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• IPv6 Addresses causing Exchange Relay whitelists to fail

  - by makerofthings7

  Several of our new Exchange servers are failing to relay messages because it is communicating over IPv6 and not matching any receive connector I previously set up. I'm not sure how we are using IP6 since we only have a IPv4 network and we are routing across subnets. I discovered this by typing helo in from the source to the server that is confused by my IP6 address. I saw the IPv6 message and the custom message I gave this receive connector. (connectors with more permission have a different helo) 220 HUB01 client helo asdf 250 HUB01.nfp.com Hello [fe80::cd8:6087:7b1e:99d4%11] More info about my environment: I have two dedicated Exchange forests each with a distinct purpose. They have no trust and only communicate by SMTP. They both share the same DNS infrastructure via stub zones. What are my options? This is my guess, but I'm no IPv6 expert so I don't know which one is the best option Disable IPv6 Add the IPv6 address to the whitelist (isn't that IP dynamic?) Tell Exchange to use IPv4 instead Figure out why we are using IPv6 instead of IP4

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• Extract sender activity from postfix logs for auditing user

  - by Aseques

  We have a mail user on our postfix server that was using the company mail to send compromising information to the competence. I've been asked to make a report of the actions for that user in the last time. There are tools like pflogsumm and others that can extract statistic data, but I haven't so far find anything useful to get all the info for a user because the data is in multiple lines. I'd like to get something like this: For the sent mail 11/11/11 00:00:00 [email protected] -> [email protected] 11/11/11 00:00:01 [email protected] -> [email protected] For the received mail 10/10/11 00:00:00 [email protected] -> [email protected] 10/10/11 00:00:01 [email protected] -> [email protected] I know I can do a script by myself, but matching the postfix ID for every mail is not something that can be made with a simple grep, and I've a lot of mail history that I have to recheck distributed among diferent files and so on. The source log is the standard postfix format, for example this one... Sep 13 16:15:57 server postfix/qmgr[18142]: B35CB5ED3D: from=<[email protected], size=10755, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Sep 13 16:15:57 server postfix/smtpd[32099]: disconnect from localhost[127.0.0.1] Sep 13 16:15:57 server postfix/smtp[32420]: 58C3E5EC9C: to=<[email protected]>, relay=127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1]:10024, delay=1.4, delays=0.01/0/0/1.4, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 Ok, id=32697-04, from MTA([127.0.0.1]:10025): 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as B35CB5ED3D) Sep 13 16:15:57 server postfix/qmgr[18142]: 58C3E5EC9C: removed Sep 13 16:15:57 server postfix/smtp[32379]: B35CB5ED3D: to=<[email protected]>, relay=mail.anothercompany.com[123.123.123.163]:25, delay=0.06, delays=0.03/0/0.01/0.02, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 77D0EB6C025) Sep 13 16:15:57 server postfix/qmgr[18142]: B35CB5ED3D: removed

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• tc u32 --- how to match L2 protocols in recent kernels?

  - by brownian

  I have a nice shaper, with hashed filtering, built at a linux bridge. In short, br0 connects external and internal physical interfaces, VLAN tagged packets are bridged "transparently" (I mean, no VLAN interfaces are there). Now, different kernels do it differently. I can be wrong with exact kernel verions ranges, please forgive me. Thanks. 2.6.26 So, in debian, 2.6.26 and up (up to 2.6.32, I believe) --- this works: tc filter add dev internal protocol 802.1q parent 1:0 prio 100 \ u32 ht 1:64 match ip dst 192.168.1.100 flowid 1:200 Here, "kernel" matches two bytes in "protocol" field with 0x8100, but counts the beginning of ip packet as a "zero position" (sorry for my English, if I'm a bit unclear). 2.6.32 Again, in debian (I've not built vanilla kernel), 2.6.32-5 --- this works: tc filter add dev internal protocol 802.1q parent 1:0 prio 100 \ u32 ht 1:64 match ip dst 192.168.1.100 at 20 flowid 1:200 Here, "kernel" matches the same for protocol, but counts offset from the beginning of this protocol's header --- I have to add 4 bytes to offset (20, not 16 for dst address). It's ok, seems more logical, as for me. 3.2.11, the latest stable now This works --- as if there is no 802.1q tag at all: tc filter add dev internal protocol ip parent 1:0 prio 100 \ u32 ht 1:64 match ip dst 192.168.1.100 flowid 1:200 The problem is that I couldn't find a way to match 802.1q tag so far. Matching 802.1q tag at past I could do this before as follows: tc filter add dev internal protocol 802.1q parent 1:0 prio 100 \ u32 match u16 0x0ed8 0x0fff at -4 flowid 1:300 Now I'm unable to match 802.1q tag with at 0, at -2, at -4, at -6 or like that. The main issue that I have zero hits count --- this filter is not being checked at all, "wrong protocol", in other words. Please, anyone, help me :-) Thanks!

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• Using Windows Explorer, how to find file names starting with a dot (period), in 7 or Vista?

  - by Chris W. Rea

  I've got a MacBook laptop in the house, and when Mac OS X copies files over the network, it often brings along hidden "dot-files" with it. For instance, if I copy "SomeUtility.zip", there will also be copied a hidden ".SomeUtility.zip" file. I consider these OS X dot-files as useless turds of data as far as the rest of my network is concerned, and don't want to leave them on my Windows file server. Let's assume these dot-files will continue to happen. i.e. Think of the issue of getting OS X to stop creating those files, in the first place, to be another question altogether. Rather: How can I use Windows Explorer to find files that begin with a dot / period? I'd like to periodically search my file server and blow them away. I tried searching for files matching ".*" but that yielded – and not unexpectedly – all files and folders. Is there a way to enter more specific search criteria when searching in Windows Explorer? I'm referring to the search box that appears in the upper-right corner of an Explorer window. Please tell me there is a way to escape my query to do what I want? (Failing that, I know I can map a drive letter and drop into a cygwin prompt and use the UNIX 'find' command, but I'd prefer a shiny easy way.)

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• How do I recover drivers from other hard disk

  - by Carl

  The drivers for a Cardbus (PCMCIA) card that gives me 2 USB 2.0 ports are on the hard disk from my old laptop. I have lost the driver CD. I have a way to get files from that other hard disk. Which files do I need? The drivers for the card used to be on the following website - the information is still there, except the download links don't work: http://www.ht-link.com/en/DownView.asp?ID=10 - The drivers I need are the first listing - The Win XP drivers for the HT-112NEC. My e-mails to them have not been answered. The information on this card is here http://www.ht-link.com/en/ProductView.asp?ID=106 I already tried connecting that other drive to my new laptop (via USB) and adding the drive to the search criteria when selecting update driver in the Device Manager. It says there isn't a better match, and if I select manual the matching device is not listed. (I don't think "manual" sees drivers on the external hard disk - but only ones on the main drive and/or found listed in the registry.) I would try 'have disk' if I knew exactly what file to point to on the external drive. The drivers are on that hard disk - I installed them there, and used that card on that computer. The new laptop has Windows XP Pro SP3, the old one had Pro SP2 Thanks for any help.

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• Discover the public ip of a network without being connected

  - by Martin Trigaux

  Let say, I'm next to a network and can see the traffic (with airodump or similar tool) but can not decipher it (because I am not connected on the network). Is it possible to discover the public ip address of the network ? I know the MAC address of the users connected on the network but do I know the one of the router ? If yes, maybe there is a way to do the matching. I know IP addresses are not forever but some addresses are static and never change. Maybe there is a database of MAC address having recorded that. Google has a database that match MAC address and geographical coordinates so why not with IP addresses ? Other idea, if I know where am I, I can maybe guess the IP range used in the city by the ISP (is it findable ?) and then try to "ping" each IP on the range (if it is a /24, it's possible, even /16 maybe). Will I get some information like the MAC of the box or see some traffic on the network ? These are two ideas I had. I don't know if they are doable, certainly not perfect. Do you think of some others ? By trying several methods, maybe I can get a guess with a bit of luck. Thank you

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