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  • How can I "merge", "flatten" or "pivot" results from a query which returns multiple rows into a sing

    - by dsm
    I have a simple query over a table, which returns results like the following: id id_type id_ref 2702 5 31 2702 16 14 2702 17 3 2702 40 1 2702 26 4 And I would like to merge the results into a single row, for instance: id concatenation 2702 5,16,17,40,26:31,14,3,1,4 Is there any way to do this within a trigger? NB: I know I can use a cursor, but I would really prefer not to unless there is no better way.

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  • Bizarre WHERE col = NULL behavior

    - by Kenneth
    This is a problem one of our developers brought to me. He stumbled across an old stored procedure which used 'WHERE col = NULL' several times. When the stored procedure is executed it returns data. If the query inside the stored procedure is executed manually it will not return data unless the 'WHERE col = NULL' references are changed to 'WHERE col IS NULL'. Can anyone explain this behavior?

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  • cakephp find with ID inArray

    - by user331321
    Hi! i have this tables: Clients (id, name, addrees, group,...) Services_Clients (id, client_id, login,passwd) documents (id,client_id,date,path) clients must be in a group or not, and i can not change the database structure. 1) In a login form, by user/passwd i get an client group 2) after that a get all the clients id from that group like this $jur = $this-Client-find('all', array('conditions' = array('Client.group'=$group['Client']['group']))); ok, now, i need to get all documents from the clients of that group, so... how can i achive that? i need to find in my model but getting only with IDs on $jur variable sorry about my english...

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  • Check if row already exists, if so tell the referenced table the id

    - by flhe
    Let's assume I have a table magazine: CREATE TABLE magazine ( magazine_id integer NOT NULL DEFAULT nextval(('public.magazine_magazine_id_seq'::text)::regclass), longname character varying(1000), shortname character varying(200), issn character varying(9), CONSTRAINT pk_magazine PRIMARY KEY (magazine_id) ); And another table issue: CREATE TABLE issue ( issue_id integer NOT NULL DEFAULT nextval(('public.issue_issue_id_seq'::text)::regclass), number integer, year integer, volume integer, fk_magazine_id integer, CONSTRAINT pk_issue PRIMARY KEY (issue_id), CONSTRAINT fk_magazine_id FOREIGN KEY (fk_magazine_id) REFERENCES magazine (magazine_id) MATCH SIMPLE ON UPDATE NO ACTION ON DELETE NO ACTION ); Current INSERTS: INSERT INTO magazine (longname,shotname,issn) VALUES ('a long name','ee','1111-2222'); INSERT INTO issue (fk_magazine_id,number,year,volume) VALUES (currval('magazine_magazine_id_seq'),'8','1982','6'); Now a row should only be inserted into 'magazine', if it does not already exist. However if it exists, the table 'issue' needs to get the 'magazine_id' of the row that already exists in order to establish the reference. How can i do this? Thx in advance!

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  • Porting Oracle Date Manipulation

    - by Grasper
    I need to port this following from Oracle syntax to Postgresql. Both FLO_END_DT and FLO_START_DATE are of type DATE in Oracle, and TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE in Postgresql: SELECT TRUNC( TO_CHAR(ROUND(( FL.FLO_END_DT- FL.FLO_START_DT)* 24), '9999D99'),2) FROM FLOWS FL I am not familiar enough with Oracle to know what it is trying to accomplish. Any ideas?

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  • All symbols after & stripped

    - by user300413
    My query: mysql::getInstance()->update('requests', array('response' => mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['status'])), array('secret' => $_POST['secret'])); ?> If i wand to add string with "&" symbol, all symbols after "&" stripped. Example: string: !"?;%:?*()_+!@#$%^&*()_+ in database i see only: !"?;%:?*()_+!@#$%^ How to fix this? update function, if anyone need: function update($table, $updateList, $whereConditions) { $updateQuery = ''; foreach ($updateList as $key => $newValue) { if (!is_numeric($newValue)) { $newValue = "'" . $newValue . "'"; } if (strlen($updateQuery) == 0) { $updateQuery .= '`' . $key . '` = ' . $newValue; } else { $updateQuery .= ', `' . $key . '` = ' . $newValue; } } return $this->query('UPDATE ' . $table . ' SET ' . $updateQuery . $this->buildWhereClause($whereConditions)); }

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  • Where clause on joined table used for user defined key/value pairs

    - by Steve Wright
    Our application allows administrators to add “User Properties” in order for them to be able to tailor the system to match their own HR systems. For example, if your company has departments, you can define “Departments” in the Properties table and then add values that correspond to “Departments” such as “Jewelry”, “Electronics” etc… You are then able to assign a department to users. Here is the schema: In this schema, a User can have only one UserPropertyValue per Property, but doesn’t have to have a value for the property. I am trying to build a query that will be used in SSRS 2005 and also have it use the PropertyValues as the filter for users. My query looks like this: SELECT UserLogin, FirstName, LastName FROM Users U LEFT OUTER JOIN UserPropertyValues UPV ON U.ID = UPV.UserID WHERE UPV.PropertyValueID IN (1, 5) When I run this, if the user has ANY of the property values, they are returned. What I would like to have is where this query will return users that have values BY PROPERTY. So if PropertyValueID = 1 is of Department (Jewelry), and PropertyValueID = 5 is of EmploymentType (Full Time), I want to return all users that are in Department Jewelry that are EmployeeType of Full Time, can this be done? Here's a full data example: User A has Department(Jewelry value = 1) and EmploymentType(FullTime value = 5)User B has Department(Electronics value = 2) and EmploymentType(FullTime value = 5)User C has Department(Jewelry value = 1) and EmployementType(PartTime value = 6) My query should only return User A using the above query UPDATE: I should state that this query is used as a dataset in SSRS, so the parameter passed to the query will be @PropertyIDs and it is defined as a multi-value parameter in SSRS. WHERE UPV.PropertyValueID IN (@PropertyIDs)

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  • Parse filename, insert to SQL

    - by jakesankey
    Thanks to Code Poet, I am now working off of this code to parse all .txt files in a directory and store them in a database. I need a bit more help though... The file names are R303717COMP_148A2075_20100520.txt (the middle section is unique per file). I would like to add something to code so that it can parse out the R303717COMP and put that in the left column of the database such as: (this is not the only R number we have) R303717COMP data data data R303717COMP data data data R303717COMP data data data etc Lastly, I would like to have it store each full file name into another table that gets checked so that it doesn't get processed twice.. Any Help is appreciated. using System; using System.Data; using System.Data.SQLite; using System.IO; namespace CSVImport { internal class Program { private static void Main(string[] args) { using (SQLiteConnection con = new SQLiteConnection("data source=data.db3")) { if (!File.Exists("data.db3")) { con.Open(); using (SQLiteCommand cmd = con.CreateCommand()) { cmd.CommandText = @" CREATE TABLE [Import] ( [RowId] integer PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT NOT NULL, [FeatType] varchar, [FeatName] varchar, [Value] varchar, [Actual] decimal, [Nominal] decimal, [Dev] decimal, [TolMin] decimal, [TolPlus] decimal, [OutOfTol] decimal, [Comment] nvarchar);"; cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); } con.Close(); } con.Open(); using (SQLiteCommand insertCommand = con.CreateCommand()) { insertCommand.CommandText = @" INSERT INTO Import (FeatType, FeatName, Value, Actual, Nominal, Dev, TolMin, TolPlus, OutOfTol, Comment) VALUES (@FeatType, @FeatName, @Value, @Actual, @Nominal, @Dev, @TolMin, @TolPlus, @OutOfTol, @Comment);"; insertCommand.Parameters.Add(new SQLiteParameter("@FeatType", DbType.String)); insertCommand.Parameters.Add(new SQLiteParameter("@FeatName", DbType.String)); insertCommand.Parameters.Add(new SQLiteParameter("@Value", DbType.String)); insertCommand.Parameters.Add(new SQLiteParameter("@Actual", DbType.Decimal)); insertCommand.Parameters.Add(new SQLiteParameter("@Nominal", DbType.Decimal)); insertCommand.Parameters.Add(new SQLiteParameter("@Dev", DbType.Decimal)); insertCommand.Parameters.Add(new SQLiteParameter("@TolMin", DbType.Decimal)); insertCommand.Parameters.Add(new SQLiteParameter("@TolPlus", DbType.Decimal)); insertCommand.Parameters.Add(new SQLiteParameter("@OutOfTol", DbType.Decimal)); insertCommand.Parameters.Add(new SQLiteParameter("@Comment", DbType.String)); string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(Environment.CurrentDirectory, "TextFile*.*"); foreach (string file in files) { string[] lines = File.ReadAllLines(file); bool parse = false; foreach (string tmpLine in lines) { string line = tmpLine.Trim(); if (!parse && line.StartsWith("Feat. Type,")) { parse = true; continue; } if (!parse || string.IsNullOrEmpty(line)) { continue; } foreach (SQLiteParameter parameter in insertCommand.Parameters) { parameter.Value = null; } string[] values = line.Split(new[] {','}); for (int i = 0; i < values.Length - 1; i++) { SQLiteParameter param = insertCommand.Parameters[i]; if (param.DbType == DbType.Decimal) { decimal value; param.Value = decimal.TryParse(values[i], out value) ? value : 0; } else { param.Value = values[i]; } } insertCommand.ExecuteNonQuery(); } } } con.Close(); } } } }

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  • (mySQL) Unable to query 2 tables properly for data

    - by Devner
    I have 2 tables. One is 'page_links' and the other is 'rpp'. Table page_links is the superset of table rpp. The following is the schema of my tables: -- Table structure for table `page_links` -- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `page_links` ( `page` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `page_link` varchar(100) NOT NULL, `heading_id` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`page`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; -- -- Dumping data for table `page_links` -- INSERT INTO `page_links` (`page`, `page_link`, `heading_id`) VALUES ('a1.php', 'A1', 8), ('b1.php', 'B1', 8), ('c1.php', 'C1', 5), ('d1.php', 'D1', 5), ('e1.php', 'E1', 8), ('f1.php', 'F1', 8), ('g1.php', 'G1', 8), ('h1.php', 'H1', 1), ('i1.php', 'I1', 1), ('j1.php', 'J1', 8), ('k1.php', 'K1', 8), ('l1.php', 'L1', 8), ('m1.php', 'M1', 8), ('n1.php', 'N1', 8), ('o1.php', 'O1', 8), ('p1.php', 'P1', 4), ('q1.php', 'Q1', 5), ('r1.php', 'R1', 4); -- Table structure for table `rpp` -- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `rpp` ( `role_id` tinyint(3) unsigned NOT NULL, `page` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `is_allowed` tinyint(1) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`role_id`,`page`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; -- -- Dumping data for table `rpp` -- INSERT INTO `rpp` (`role_id`, `page`, `is_allowed`) VALUES (3, 'a1.php', 1), (3, 'b1.php', 1), (3, 'c1.php', 1), (3, 'd1.php', 1), (3, 'e1.php', 1), (3, 'f1.php', 1), (3, 'h1.php', 1), (3, 'i1.php', 1), (3, 'l1.php', 1), (3, 'm1.php', 1), (3, 'n1.php', 1), (4, 'a1.php', 1), (4, 'b1.php', 1), (4, 'q1.php', 1), (5, 'r1.php', 1); WHAT I AM TRYING TO DO: I am trying to query both the above tables (in a single query) in such a way that all the pages from page_links are displayed along with the is_allowed value from rpp for a particular role. For example, I want to get the is_allowed value of all the pages from rpp for role_id = 3 and at the same time, list all the available pages from page_links. A clear example of my expected result would be: page is_allowed role_id ---------------------------------------- a1.php 1 3 b1.php 1 3 c1.php 1 3 d1.php 1 3 e1.php 1 3 f1.php 1 3 g1.php NULL NULL h1.php 1 3 i1.php 1 3 j1.php NULL NULL k1.php NULL NULL l1.php 1 3 m1.php 1 3 n1.php 1 3 o1.php NULL NULL p1.php NULL NULL q1.php NULL NULL r1.php NULL NULL One more example of my desired result could be achieved by doing a LEFT JOIN rpp ON page_links.page = rpp.page but we need to omit using role_id = 3 (or any value) to be able to get that. But I do want to specify the role_id as well and get the results. I need the query to be able to get this result. I would appreciate any replies that could help me with this. If you can suggest me any changes as well to the table(s) design to be able to achieve the desired result, that's good as well. Thanks in advance.

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  • Select Top N Records Ordered by X, But Have Results in Reverse Order

    - by I. J. Kennedy
    I'm trying to get the top N records (when ordered by some column X), but have the result set in reverse order. The following statement is incorrect, but probably demonstrates what I'm after: SELECT * FROM (SELECT TOP 10 * FROM FooTable ORDER BY X DESC) ORDER BY X ASC For example, column X could be an ID or a timestamp; I want the latest 10 records but want them returned in forward chronological order.

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  • How to 'insert if not exists' in MySQL?

    - by warren
    I started by googling, and found this article which talks about mutex tables. I have a table with ~14 million records. If I want to add more data in the same format, is there a way to ensure the record I want to insert does not already exist without using a pair of queries (ie, one query to check and one to insert is the result set is empty)? Does a unique constraint on a field guarantee the insert will fail if it's already there? It seems that with merely a constraint, when I issue the insert via php, the script croaks.

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  • How Optimize sql query make it faster

    - by user502083
    Hello every one : I have a very simple small database, 2 of tables are: Node (Node_ID, Node_name, Node_Date) : Node_ID is primary key Citation (Origin_Id, Target_Id) : PRIMARY KEY (Origin_Id, Target_Id) each is FK in Node Now I write a query that first find all citations that their Origin_Id has a specific date and then I want to know what are the target dates of these records. I'm using sqlite in python the Node table has 3000 record and Citation has 9000 records, and my query is like this in a function: def cited_years_list(self, date): c=self.cur try: c.execute("""select n.Node_Date,count(*) from Node n INNER JOIN (select c.Origin_Id AS Origin_Id, c.Target_Id AS Target_Id, n.Node_Date AS Date from CITATION c INNER JOIN NODE n ON c.Origin_Id=n.Node_Id where CAST(n.Node_Date as INT)={0}) VW ON VW.Target_Id=n.Node_Id GROUP BY n.Node_Date;""".format(date)) cited_years=c.fetchall() self.conn.commit() print('Cited Years are : \n ',str(cited_years)) except Exception as e: print('Cited Years retrival failed ',e) return cited_years Then I call this function for some specific years, But it's crazy slowwwwwwwww :( (around 1 min for a specific year) Although my query works fine, it is slow. would you please give me a suggestion to make it faster? I'd appreciate any idea about optimizing this query :) I also should mention that I have indices on Origin_Id and Target_Id, so the inner join should be pretty fast, but it's not!!!

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  • url Query and Security

    - by jasmine
    In url query with id I use is_numeric($_GET['id']) for security issues. But in query with for example category name, is urlencode() a right way for security? Thanks in advance.

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  • alias some columns names as one field in oracle's join select query

    - by Marecky
    Hi We are developing something like a social networking website. I've got task to do 'follow me' functionality. In our website objects are users, teams, companies, channels and groups (please don't ask why there are groups and teams - it is complicated for me too, but teams are releated to user's talent) Users, teams, channels, companies and groups have all their own tables. I have a query which gets me all the follower's leaders like this select --fo.leader_id, --fo.leader_type, us.name as user_name, co.name as company_name, ch.title as channel_name, gr.name as group_name, tt.name as team_name from follow_up fo left join users us on (fo.leader_id = us.id and fo.leader_type = 'user') left join companies co on (fo.leader_id = co.user_id and fo.leader_type = 'company') left join channels ch on (fo.leader_id = ch.id and fo.leader_type = 'channel') left join groups gr on (fo.leader_id = gr.id and fo.leader_type = 'group') left join talent_teams tt on (fo.leader_id = tt.id and fo.leader_type = 'team') where follower_id = 83 I need to get all fields like: user_name, company_name, channel_name, group_name, team_name as one field in SELECT's product. I have tried to alias them all the same 'name' but Oracle numbered it. Please help :)

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  • SQL select all items of an owner from an item-to-owner table

    - by kdobrev
    I have a table bike_to_owner. I would like to select current items owned by a specific user. Table structure is CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `bike_to_owner` ( `bike_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL, `user_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL, `last_change_date` date NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`bike_id`,`user_id`,`last_change_date`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci; In the profile page of the user I would like to display all his/her current possessions. I wrote this statement: SELECT `bike_id`,`user_id`,max(last_change_date) FROM `bike_to_owner` WHERE `user_id` = 3 group by `last_change_date` but i'm not quite sure it works correctly in all cases. Can you please verify this is correct and if not suggest me something better. Using php/mysql. Thanks in advance!

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  • sql count conditions

    - by user1311030
    there! I have this question, hope you guys can help me out. So i have this table with two fields: type and authorization in type i have 2 different values: Raid and Hold in authorization i have 2 different values: Accepted or Denied I need to make a view that returns values like this: TYPE:RAID ACCEPTED:5 DENIED:7 Basically i need to know how many of the values in TYPE are Raid, and then how many of them are Accepted and Denied. Thank you in advance!!

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  • MySQL query using multiple criteria from checkboxes

    - by jungle_programmer
    I would like to do a multiple search query usig multiple checkboxes which represent particular textboxes. How do i create a mysql query which will be filtering the checked and unchecked checkboxes (probably using if statements)? The query should be able to filter the checked and ucnchecked boxes and query them using the AND condition. Thanks

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  • How to convert full outer join query to O-R query?

    - by Kugel
    I'm converting relational database into object-relational in Oracle. I have a query that uses full outer join in the old one. Is it possible to write the same query for O-R database without explicitly using full outer join? For normal inner join it simple, I just use dot notation together with ref/deref. I'm interested in this in general so let's say the relational query is: select a.attr, b.attr from a full outer join b on (a.fk = b.pk); I want to know if it's a good idea to do it this way: select a.attr, b.attr from a_obj a full outer join b_obj b on (a.b_ref = ref(b));

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  • Correct model for a database with a table for each user.

    - by BAH
    Kinda stuck here... I have an application with lets say 5000 rows of data per user and was wondering if it was right or wrong to do it this way: On user account creation a new table is created (UserData_[UserID]) or should I just have 1 table for userdata and have everything in there with a column for userid? The reason I am stuck at the moment is that it seems NHibernate isn't able to be mapped to dynamic table names without creating another ISessionFactory which has alot of overhead AFAIK. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks.

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  • mysql count rows and grop them by month

    - by user2661296
    I have a table called cc_calls and there I have many call records I want to count them and group them in months I have a timestamp called starttime and I can use that row to extract the month, also limit the count for 12 months the results should be like: Month Count January 768768 February 876786 March 987979 April 765765 May 898797 June 876876 July 786575 August 765765 September 689787 October 765879 November 897989 December 876876 Can anyone guide me or show me the mysql query that I need to get this result.

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  • What are the Pros and Cons of Cascading delete and updates?

    - by Misnomer
    Hi, Maybe this is sort of a naive question...but I think that we should always have cascading deletes and updates. But I wanted to know are there problems with it and when should we should not do it? I really can't think of a case right now where you would not want to do an cascade delete but I am sure there is one...but what about updates should they be done always? So can anyone please list out the pros and cons of cascading deletes and updates ? Thanks.

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  • Why is SQLite3 using covering indices instead of the indices I created?

    - by Geoff
    I have an extremely large database (contacts has ~3 billion entries, people has ~280 million entries, and the other tables have a negligible number of entries). Most other queries I've run are really fast. However, I've encountered a more complicated query that's really slow. I'm wondering if there's any way to speed this up. First of all, here is my schema: CREATE TABLE activities (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT NOT NULL); CREATE TABLE contacts ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, person1_id INTEGER NOT NULL, person2_id INTEGER NOT NULL, duration REAL NOT NULL, -- hours activity_id INTEGER NOT NULL -- FOREIGN_KEY(person1_id) REFERENCES people(id), -- FOREIGN_KEY(person2_id) REFERENCES people(id) ); CREATE TABLE people ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, state_id INTEGER NOT NULL, county_id INTEGER NOT NULL, age INTEGER NOT NULL, gender TEXT NOT NULL, -- M or F income INTEGER NOT NULL -- FOREIGN_KEY(state_id) REFERENCES states(id) ); CREATE TABLE states ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT NOT NULL, abbreviation TEXT NOT NULL ); CREATE INDEX activities_name_index on activities(name); CREATE INDEX contacts_activity_id_index on contacts(activity_id); CREATE INDEX contacts_duration_index on contacts(duration); CREATE INDEX contacts_person1_id_index on contacts(person1_id); CREATE INDEX contacts_person2_id_index on contacts(person2_id); CREATE INDEX people_age_index on people(age); CREATE INDEX people_county_id_index on people(county_id); CREATE INDEX people_gender_index on people(gender); CREATE INDEX people_income_index on people(income); CREATE INDEX people_state_id_index on people(state_id); CREATE INDEX states_abbreviation_index on states(abbreviation); CREATE INDEX states_name_index on states(name); Note that I've created an index on every column in the database. I don't care about the size of the database; speed is all I care about. Here's an example of a query that, as expected, runs almost instantly: SELECT count(*) FROM people, states WHERE people.state_id=states.id and states.abbreviation='IA'; Here's the troublesome query: SELECT * FROM contacts WHERE rowid IN (SELECT contacts.rowid FROM contacts, people, states WHERE contacts.person1_id=people.id AND people.state_id=states.id AND states.name='Kansas' INTERSECT SELECT contacts.rowid FROM contacts, people, states WHERE contacts.person2_id=people.id AND people.state_id=states.id AND states.name='Missouri'); Now, what I think would happen is that each subquery would use each relevant index I've created to speed this up. However, when I show the query plan, I see this: sqlite> EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT * FROM contacts WHERE rowid IN (SELECT contacts.rowid FROM contacts, people, states WHERE contacts.person1_id=people.id AND people.state_id=states.id AND states.name='Kansas' INTERSECT SELECT contacts.rowid FROM contacts, people, states WHERE contacts.person2_id=people.id AND people.state_id=states.id AND states.name='Missouri'); 0|0|0|SEARCH TABLE contacts USING INTEGER PRIMARY KEY (rowid=?) (~25 rows) 0|0|0|EXECUTE LIST SUBQUERY 1 2|0|2|SEARCH TABLE states USING COVERING INDEX states_name_index (name=?) (~1 rows) 2|1|1|SEARCH TABLE people USING COVERING INDEX people_state_id_index (state_id=?) (~5569556 rows) 2|2|0|SEARCH TABLE contacts USING COVERING INDEX contacts_person1_id_index (person1_id=?) (~12 rows) 3|0|2|SEARCH TABLE states USING COVERING INDEX states_name_index (name=?) (~1 rows) 3|1|1|SEARCH TABLE people USING COVERING INDEX people_state_id_index (state_id=?) (~5569556 rows) 3|2|0|SEARCH TABLE contacts USING COVERING INDEX contacts_person2_id_index (person2_id=?) (~12 rows) 1|0|0|COMPOUND SUBQUERIES 2 AND 3 USING TEMP B-TREE (INTERSECT) In fact, if I show the query plan for the first query I posted, I get this: sqlite> EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT count(*) FROM people, states WHERE people.state_id=states.id and states.abbreviation='IA'; 0|0|1|SEARCH TABLE states USING COVERING INDEX states_abbreviation_index (abbreviation=?) (~1 rows) 0|1|0|SEARCH TABLE people USING COVERING INDEX people_state_id_index (state_id=?) (~5569556 rows) Why is SQLite using covering indices instead of the indices I created? Shouldn't the search in the people table be able to happen in log(n) time given state_id which in turn is found in log(n) time?

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  • What are the rules governing how a bind variable can be used in Postgres and where is this defined?

    - by Craig Miles
    I can have a table and function defined as: CREATE TABLE mytable ( mycol integer ); INSERT INTO mytable VALUES (1); CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION myfunction (l_myvar integer) RETURNS mytable AS $$ DECLARE l_myrow mytable; BEGIN SELECT * INTO l_myrow FROM mytable WHERE mycol = l_myvar; RETURN l_myrow; END; $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql; In this case l_myvar acts as a bind variable for the value passed when I call: SELECT * FROM myfunction(1); and returns the row where mycol = 1 If I redefine the function as: CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION myfunction (l_myvar integer) RETURNS mytable AS $$ DECLARE l_myrow mytable; BEGIN SELECT * INTO l_myrow FROM mytable WHERE mycol IN (l_myvar); RETURN l_myrow; END; $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql; SELECT * FROM myfunction(1); still returns the row where mycol = 1 However, if I now change the function definition to allow me to pass an integer array and try to this array in the IN clause, I get an error: CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION myfunction (l_myvar integer[]) RETURNS mytable AS $$ DECLARE l_myrow mytable; BEGIN SELECT * INTO l_myrow FROM mytable WHERE mycol IN (array_to_string(l_myvar, ',')); RETURN l_myrow; END; $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql; Analysis reveals that although: SELECT array_to_string(ARRAY[1, 2], ','); returns 1,2 as expected SELECT * FROM myfunction(ARRAY[1, 2]); returns the error operator does not exist: integer = text at the line: WHERE mycol IN (array_to_string(l_myvar, ',')); If I execute: SELECT * FROM mytable WHERE mycol IN (1,2); I get the expected result. Given that array_to_string(l_myvar, ',') evaluates to 1,2 as shown, why arent these statements equivalent. From the error message it is something to do with datatypes, but doesnt the IN(variable) construct appear to be behaving differently from the = variable construct? What are the rules here? I know that I could build a statement to EXECUTE, treating everything as a string, to achieve what I want to do, so I am not looking for that as a solution. I do want to understand though what is going on in this example. Is there a modification to this approach to make it work, the particular example being to pass in an array of values to build a dynamic IN clause without resorting to EXECUTE? Thanks in advance Craig

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