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• SD Card only mounted after a reboot

  - by hattenn

  I have a Kingston 2GB MicroSD and I plug it in via an inconix MicroSD Adapter to the internal card reader of my Samsung N210 Netbook with Ubuntu 10.10, but it doesn't show up. Only if I reboot the system when the card's plugged in it shows up. Why does it need a reboot for mounting? sudo fdisk -l gives the output below. But I can only see the drive when I reboot the computer while the card's plugged. Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x9a5a7990 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 1959 15728640 27 Unknown Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 * 1959 1972 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda3 1972 18992 136718750 83 Linux /dev/sda4 18992 19458 3738625 5 Extended /dev/sda5 18992 19458 3738624 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 1973 MB, 1973420032 bytes 60 heads, 59 sectors/track, 1088 cylinders Units = cylinders of 3540 * 512 = 1812480 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 1089 1927100+ 6 FAT16

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• Checking preconditions or not

  - by Robert Dailey

  I've been wanting to find a solid answer to the question of whether or not to have runtime checks to validate input for the purposes of ensuring a client has stuck to their end of the agreement in design by contract. For example, consider a simple class constructor: class Foo { public: Foo( BarHandle bar ) { FooHandle handle = GetFooHandle( bar ); if( handle == NULL ) { throw std::exception( "invalid FooHandle" ); } } }; I would argue in this case that a user should not attempt to construct a Foo without a valid BarHandle. It doesn't seem right to verify that bar is valid inside of Foo's constructor. If I simply document that Foo's constructor requires a valid BarHandle, isn't that enough? Is this a proper way to enforce my precondition in design by contract? So far, everything I've read has mixed opinions on this. It seems like 50% of people would say to verify that bar is valid, the other 50% would say that I shouldn't do it, for example consider a case where the user verifies their BarHandle is correct, but a second (and unnecessary) check is also being done inside of Foo's constructor.

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• stdout and key press

  - by Jack

  Hi, when in console, if I press a key, some interrupt controller sends code of that key to CPU, which looks into some table and than represent that keypress by printing some charracter to stdout. But, is keyboard sending an ASCII code of that key, or just some standardised code? Since there is so many languages and extra characters, OS must further translate its code into some character according to user selected scheme, I guess. I ask, becouse I am from Czech Republic, and we use some characters that do not exists in standart ASCII code. So I was thinking, if I enter this character into a console, and then print it, lets say in C++ using cin and cout, and I have set locale to Czech, stdin must actually send some non-ASCII code of the character I pressed to input stream. Am I right?

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• Sound in Ubuntu 12.10 on Chromebook

  - by Paul Mennega

  I've got an HP Chromebook 14 that I've rooted and installed Ubuntu via Crouton (upgraded to 12.10) and most things are working nicely. One issue that I am having trouble solving relates to sound. I've got sound output that I can control via the individual app (e.g. Youtube), but when trying to control the volume via the built-in xfce4-mixer, I get the following error: GStreamer was unable to detect any sound devices. Some sound system specific GStreamer packages may be missing. It may also be a permissions problem. Opening a terminal, I can run the alsamixer and control the volume levels. It is reporting back that the card is CRAS. I'd love to be able to do it from XFCE and the built-in mixer. I've tried re-installing the GStreamer packages, but no luck. It seems like I am close but not sure where to go from here. On a maybe unrelated note, plugging headphones into the headphone jack in Ubuntu also does not stop the sound from coming from the speakers and nothing comes through the headphones. Switching back to ChromeOs, everything works as expected, so I think that it's a driver issue.

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• When I shoot from a gun while walking, the bullet is off the center, but when stand still it's fine

  - by Vlad1k

  I am making a small project in Unity, and whenever I walk with the gun and shoot at the same time, the bullets seem to curve and shoot off 2-3 CMs from the center. When I stand still this doesn't happen. This is my main Javascript code: @script RequireComponent(AudioSource) var projectile : Rigidbody; var speed = 500; var ammo = 30; var fireRate = 0.1; private var nextFire = 0.0; function Update() { if(Input.GetButton ("Fire1") && Time.time > nextFire) { if(ammo != 0) { nextFire = Time.time + fireRate; var clone = Instantiate(projectile, transform.position, transform.root.rotation); clone.velocity = transform.TransformDirection(Vector3 (0, 0, speed)); ammo = ammo - 1; audio.Play(); } else { } } } I assume that these two lines need to be tweaked: var clone = Instantiate(projectile, transform.position, transform.root.rotation); clone.velocity = transform.TransformDirection(Vector3 (0, 0, speed)); Thanks in advanced, and please remember that I just started Unity, and I might have a difficult time understanding some things. Thanks!

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• Empty interface to combine multiple interfaces

  - by user1109519

  Suppose you have two interfaces: interface Readable { public void read(); } interface Writable { public void write(); } In some cases the implementing objects can only support one of these but in a lot of cases the implementations will support both interfaces. The people who use the interfaces will have to do something like: // can't write to it without explicit casting Readable myObject = new MyObject(); // can't read from it without explicit casting Writable myObject = new MyObject(); // tight coupling to actual implementation MyObject myObject = new MyObject(); None of these options is terribly convenient, even more so when considering that you want this as a method parameter. One solution would be to declare a wrapping interface: interface TheWholeShabam extends Readable, Writable {} But this has one specific problem: all implementations that support both Readable and Writable have to implement TheWholeShabam if they want to be compatible with people using the interface. Even though it offers nothing apart from the guaranteed presence of both interfaces. Is there a clean solution to this problem or should I go for the wrapper interface? UPDATE It is in fact often necessary to have an object that is both readable and writable so simply seperating the concerns in the arguments is not always a clean solution. UPDATE2 (extracted as answer so it's easier to comment on) UPDATE3 Please beware that the primary usecase for this is not streams (although they too must be supported). Streams make a very specific distinction between input and output and there is a clear separation of responsibilities. Rather, think of something like a bytebuffer where you need one object you can write to and read from, one object that has a very specific state attached to it. These objects exist because they are very useful for some things like asynchronous I/O, encodings,...

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• Increasing Screen Resolution to more than limit and scaling to origional

  - by Akshat Mittal

  I have a laptop, with Screen Resolution - 1366x768 (most common) - I want to increase it further to 1600x900 (or higher), in the same ratio. I want to scale the higher resolution on my current screen to fit it. I found xrandr with command xrandr --output LVDS1 --scale 1.4x1.4, this worked but again resulted to another problem, it does the scaling thing but the cursor is still blocked into the native screen resolution and I am not able to move it further, I found that the bug is already filed here. Also this command was only for Linux, I wanted to do this thing with both Linux and Windows (including Windows 8). I want a similar software that is bug free (at least not a major bug like this) and that supports Windows as well (or two separate software for Windows and Linux). Any help is appreciated and Thanks in advance.

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• Methodology To Determine Cause Of User Specific Error

  - by user3163629

  We have software that for certain clients fails to download a file. The software is developed in Python and compiled into an Windows Executable. The cause of the error is still unknown but we have established that the client has an active internet connection. We suspect that the cause is due to the clients network setup. This error cannot be replicated in house. What technique or methodology should be applied to this kind of specific error that cannot be replicated in house. The end goal is to determine the cause of this error so we can move onto the solution. For example; Remote Debugging: Produce a debug version of the software and ask the client to send back a debug output file. This involves alot of time (back and forth communication) and requires the client to work and act in a timely manor to be successful. In-house debugging: Visit the client and determine their network setup, etc. Possibly develop a series of script tests before hand to run on the clients computer under the same network. Other methodologies and techniques I am not aware of?

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• What do encrypted files' data look like?

  - by Frost Shadow

  I know there are a lot of encryption programs available, that I would guess use different methods for encryption, and thus have different types of output files (.fve .tc .cha .dmg (bitlocker, truecrypt, challenger, ect.)), but if someone didn't know what the file was and just looked at the data, what would it look like? Does it just look like random bits, or can you still pick out a pattern? If it does look random, how is it if I moved the encrypted file to another computer, the other computer can tell it's a file, and is able to decrypt it (how would it even know where to start or stop, if it all looked random)? Also, how is the structure affected by encrypting files twice, using the same method, or a different one? Thanks for any help, and if you know any books or site about encryption for complete idiots, I'd appreciate it!

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• HTML5 video capture and streaming?

  - by Shyatic

  I'm working on kind of an educational site, where there are teachers and students around the world (potentially). Since it's a non-profit site, and I don't have the need for it to be done tomorrow (kind of a side project of something bigger), I wanted to know the best way to figure out how to do this. I'm not a programmer by trade, I've been on the systems side of things for years, but I understand most technology and the question here is more how to gauge what to do so I can get the right resources in place. That said... here's what I am looking at. I figure the future is HTML5, and that's probably where I'd rather spend my efforts given that it will be cross platform and without the need for plugins. It will work on mobile as well. Question is, how well does HTML5 handle input media, say desktop capture and camera, or on mobile perhaps, where I'd want to use the user's phone camera, etc. Second question is dynamic streaming... I've read about MPEG DASH, then there are technologies like Smooth Streaming (which I think given the way Silverlight is going is going to be gone or useless), then also Apple and Flash, but if I'm doing HTML5 it doesn't benefit me. Any ideas here would be really helpful, and the more detail the better! :) That's about it... there are free chat services out there like using the MSN Web Chat controls (how good they are, I don't know, but worldwide most people have a Hotmail/MSN account) so I can use that for chat. I don't know its limitations of course, but that's something if people know or have suggestions, then I'm all ears. Thanks for the help, I greatly appreciate it!

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• Database Backup History From MSDB in a pivot table

  - by steveh99999

  I knocked up a nice little query to display backup history for each database in a pivot table format.I wanted to display the most recent full, differential, and transaction log backup for each database. Here's the SQL :-WITH backupCTE AS (SELECT name, recovery_model_desc, d AS 'Last Full Backup', i AS 'Last Differential Backup', l AS 'Last Tlog Backup' FROM ( SELECT db.name, db.recovery_model_desc,type, backup_finish_date FROM master.sys.databases db LEFT OUTER JOIN msdb.dbo.backupset a ON a.database_name = db.name WHERE db.state_desc = 'ONLINE' ) AS Sourcetable   PIVOT (MAX (backup_finish_date) FOR type IN (D,I,L) ) AS MostRecentBackup ) SELECT * FROM backupCTE Gives output such as this :-  With this query, I can then build up some straightforward queries to ensure backups are scheduled and running as expected -For example, the following logic can be used ;-  - WHERE [Last Full Backup] IS NULL) - ie database has never been backed up.. - WHERE [Last Tlog Backup] < DATEDIFF(mm,GETDATE(),-60) AND recovery_model_desc <> 'SIMPLE') - transction log not backed up in last 60 minutes. - WHERE [Last Full Backup] < DATEDIFF(dd,GETDATE(),-1) AND [Last Differential Backup] < [Last Full Backup]) -- no backup in last day.- WHERE [Last Differential Backup] < DATEDIFF(dd,GETDATE(),-1) AND [Last Full Backup] < DATEDIFF(dd,GETDATE(),-8) ) -- no differential backup in last day when last full backup is over 8 days old.   

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• Git and Amazon EC2 public key denied

  - by MrNart

  I had git working before on /var/html/projectfolder and realized it was a security risk so I made a new folder /projects from the root folder and tried to replicate what I did and now it doesnt work. Here is the backlog of what I did for my local machine and EC2 - server Server-EC2 1.I added my public key to the authorized_user file in ~/.ssh folder 2.Create a bare repository git init --bare 3.Change folder permissions to sudo chgrp -R ec2-user * sudo chmod -R g+ws * Local Machine create a local repository with git init touch, add, commit readme file pointed origin master to ec2 via git remote add origin ssh://ec2-user@remote-ip/path/to/folder This is my output: Permission Denied (publickey) fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly

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• xorg-edgers PPA with llvmpipe breaks AMD APU system

  - by linux_RRT

  I've read before where this had happened to another user with the same system... I was running Ubuntu 12.04 LTS with Kernel 3.2.0.29 and decided to give xorg-edgers a try. I purged fglrx* and xorg* before beginning. I upgraded with sudo apt-get upgrade -d The system downloaded and installed 109MB worth of data to the system, including llvmpipe which I am very unfamiliar with, and Kernel 3.5.0.11. The system was then rebooted to finalize the upgrade. The system boots to a black screen and then tells me "The system is running in low-graphics mode". Did I miss a step in the install? Or do the newest open-source drivers just not work with my hardware? I realize this hardware (APU) is some of the newer development. I dropped to command via the fallback menu and attempted to boot lightdm as root, but the system hangs in 'Configuring kernel parameters' at Starting initializes zram swaping. ...and then it just sits there. The other thing that concerns me is the output at the top of the screen that says: could not write bytes: Broken pipe Does llvmpipe work for this type of system? To be clear the system is: MSI x370-206us Laptop Radeon HD 6320 AMD e450 APU 1.67ghz dual-core Any help would be much appreciated. Like I said, I'm pretty sure I followed the right order of operations for the install procedure, but I was curious if anyone with similar hardware had experienced anything similar.

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• Website: Requested filename being rewritten

  - by horatio

  I have been unable to find an answer via search. I have a website (I do not administer the servers) where the server will serve a different file than the one requested. I first noticed this when using a filename of the following form: _foo.php (single underscore) If I request foo.php (does not exist), the server returns _foo.php. By "returns" I mean that the server decides I meant _foo.php, processes the php file, and serves the output. If I request afoo.php, zfoo.php, or even __foo.php (two underscores) (these files do not exist) the server returns _foo.php. If I request aafoo.php, the server returns 404. To sum up: the server seems to be doing a partial filename match. My question is: what is happening and is this accepted behavior for a web server (or standard behavior of a common mod/package/etc)?

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• Ubuntu won't suspend anymore, but it did upon install.

  - by Bruce Connor

  I fresh installed Ubuntu 10.10 back when it came out, and my laptop was suspending fine. All of a sudden, I can't get my laptop to suspend anymore. It's an HP Pavilion dv2-1110, but I don't think it's a hardware issue, here's why: It suspended fine upon first install. I haven't installed any new kernels since then, but I have installed tons of packages, so it's probably a package. The suspend and hibernate options disappeared from the shutdown menu. If I press my keyboard's suspend button (or if I close the lid) I get the following message: If I try the command pmi action suspend, I get the error message: Error org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.ServiceUnknown: The name org.freedesktop.Hal was not provided by any .service files. If I try the command echo -n mem > sudo /sys/power/state I get absolutely no output and no visible effect. What might be causing this behavior? I thought a list of installed packages might be useful, but it's huge and I don't know how to post it here in collapse/expand mode or something. EDIT:Just in case someone asks, none of the installed packages are kdm or anything like that (which would justify the lack of options in gnome's shutdown menu).

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• Logout trouble with alternative shells (Win7 Home Premium x64)

  - by M. Cain

  I've tried bb4win and Litestep, and every time I need to log out for some reason (shutdown and all included), the system hangs and the spinning icon next to the "Logging out" text stops spinning. Changing the shell in registry for both local machine and current user causes this behavior. Any ideas on what might cause this? Alternatvely, what steps can I take to figure out what is going wrong? In Linux, you are able to open things in a framebuffer and examine the output, but with Windows it is not so clear to me how to see what is happening under the hood, especially with this Home Premuim version. Update: Since logging out normally to switch the shell back to Explorer doesn't work normally, I have to end Litestep first. However, when I do so, an Explorer navigation window pops up (not the taskbar). This also occurs with bb4win.

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• Web Hosting Checklist

  - by Chris

  Hello, I am a web developer that is starting to look into hosting his own website. I would like to showcase my programming skills (PHP, MySQl, C#, Wordpress). My knowledge of languages I am OK with but the actually hosting site is where my knowledge starts to get a little shaky. I know the basics (bandwidth, sub-domains, re-write rules) but I would love your input, to help me formulate a check list of certain web-hosting services that I should be on the look-out for. Also I was wondering if there were any reliable hosting providers who give you the option to host both c# code-behinds and PHP code. As I would like to have two versions of my site, one in C# and one in PHP the hope is that if I need to look for another job this website will help me show possible employers my server side knowledge. I hope this is enough info, I did some researching online but found a bunch of unless articles and I've always have had luck on the StackExchange sites. So hopefully you, can help me. Thanks alot.

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• How to diagnose Ubuntu CPU spikes / IO wait?

  - by Jeff Welling

  I'm using Ubuntu and every couple minutes it goes unresponsive for a half second to a full second, which isn't normally a problem but makes trying to code extremely frustrating when your trying to hit backspace or navigate the code and nothing is happening. The problem is, the freezes are so brief that top doesn't have time to show me what is spiking the CPU (assuming something is, but I don't know what else could cause this). Does anyone know how to troubleshoot this performance issue? Edit: I've tried login in with Gnome Classic (No Effects) instead of Unity but it still freezes up every once in awhile. Edit: The CPU graph doesn't seem to be showing any actual spikes so it seems you were right and my original diagnosis of CPU spikes being the problem was incorrect, I now suspect IO wait. I don't recall this happening for the brief few weeks I had Windows 7 Starter running on it though, which leads me to believe it isn't (just?) the hardware.. is there anything I can tweak to improve this? I'm using an Acer Aspire One D257, with Ubuntu 11.10. Edit: Output of dmesg is at http://paste.ubuntu.com/1060054/ and kern.log is at http://paste.ubuntu.com/1060055/

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• How to stop IIS7 from listening on a specific IP address and port?

  - by webworm

  I am trying to install Apache on Windows Server 2008. The installation ends with a warning that the IP address I configured Apache to listen on cannot be bound. When I use netstat -a -p tcp to see if any processes are listening on the IP address and port I see several entires .. one of which shows as listening on 0.0.0.0:80. Here is a partial list of the output. Proto Local Address Foreign Address State TCP 0.0.0.0:80 MYSERVERNAME:0 LISTENING This looks to be IIS7 listening on all IP addresses on port 80. The confusing thing is that I stopped IIS7. All websites are shown as stopped. I tried iisreset /STOP as well as using the IIS7 Manager, yet something is still listening on 0.0.0.0:80. I have even made sure that every web site is bound to another IP address other than the one I want freed for Apache. Has anyone else run into this?

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• Problem Installing Ubuntu 12.04 - [Errno 5]

  - by Rob Barker

  I'm trying to intall Ubuntu 12.04 to my brand new eBay purchased hard drive. Only got the drive today and already it's causing me problems. The seller is a proper proffesional company with 99.9% positive feedback, so it seems unlikely they would have sold me something rubbish. My old hard drive packed up last Tuesday and so i bought a new one to replace it. Because this was an entirely new drive i decided to install Ubuntu as there was no current operating system. My computer is an eMachines EM250 netbook. There's no disc drive so i am installing from a USB stick. The new operating system loads beautifully, and the desktop appears just as it should. When i click install i am taken to the installer which copies the files to about 35% and then displays this: [Errno 5] Input/output error This is often due to a faulty CD/DVD disk or drive, or a faulty hard disk. It may help to clean the CD/DVD, to burn the CD/DVD at a lower speed, to clean the CD/DVD drive lens (cleaning kits are often available from electronics suppliers), to check whether the hard disk is old and in need of replacement, or to move the system to a cooler environment. The hard drive can be heard constantly crackling. When i booted Ubuntu 12.04 from my old faulty hard drive as a test, i didn't even make it past the purple Ubuntu screen, so it can't be that bad. Any ideas? Message to the moderators. Please do not close this thread. I'm well aware there may be other threads on this, but i don't want it closing as the others do not provide the answer i am looking for. Thank you.

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• Battery is drained too quickly

  - by LucaB

  I'm getting really low battery life under ubuntu, not even close to windows. I tried powertop, and I saw that my laptop is consuming in idle nearly 20 watts (a bit more). I tried to install laptop-mode-tools, change "good" into "bad" in powertop, but nothing changes. I see that I have the the HD audio output device which is running at 100% every time. Could this be the problem? This is a report from powertop. The battery reports a discharge rate of 22.8 W The estimated remaining time is 33 minutes Summary: 381.8 wakeups/second, 0.0 GPU ops/second and 0.0 VFS ops/sec Usage Events/s Category Description 3.2 ms/s 182.7 Timer tick_sched_timer 100.0% Device Audio codec hwC0D3: Intel 7.9 ms/s 25.1 Process /usr/bin/X :0 -auth /var/run/lightdm/root/:0 -nolisten tcp vt7 -novtswitch -background no 1.9 ms/s 24.2 Interrupt [6] tasklet(softirq) 2.9 ms/s 23.2 Process /usr/lib/chromium-browser/chromium-browser --type=zygote 8.1 ms/s 20.3 Process /usr/lib/unity/unity-panel-service 0.7 ms/s 17.4 Timer hrtimer_wakeup 4.2 ms/s 12.6 Process unity-2d-panel 604.4 µs/s 9.7 Process syndaemon -i 2.0 -K -R -t 149.7 µs/s 9.7 kWork ieee80211_iface_work 0.8 ms/s 8.7 Process metacity 19.5 ms/s 1.0 Process powertop 3.0 ms/s 6.8 Process //bin/dbus-daemon --fork --print-pid 5 --print-address 7 --session 699.0 µs/s 6.8 Process /usr/lib/thunderbird/thunderbird 4.3 ms/s 4.8 Process gnome-terminal 658.9 µs/s 2.9 Interrupt [1] timer(softirq) 75.1 µs/s 2.9 kWork iwl_bg_run_time_calib_work 163.8 µs/s 1.9 Process /usr/lib/accountsservice/accounts-daemon 70.6 µs/s 1.9 Process [ksoftirqd/2] 25.8 µs/s 1.9 Process [ksoftirqd/0] 1.0 ms/s 1.0 Process /usr/bin/python /usr/sbin/powernapd 408.2 µs/s 1.0 Process unity-2d-shell 189.8 µs/s 1.0 Process /usr/lib/chromium-browser/chromium-browser 124.4 µs/s 1.0 Process /usr/lib/unity-lens-applications/unity-applications-daemon 113.3 µs/s 1.0 Process /usr/lib/gnome-settings-daemon/gnome-settings-daemon 112.0 µs/s 1.0 Process nautilus -n 104.9 µs/s 1.0 Process /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfsd-trash --spawner :1.2 /org/gtk/gvfs/exec_spaw/0 77.5 µs/s 1.0 Process /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/colord/colord 75.6 µs/s 1.0 Process /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-gdu-volume-monitor 75.0 µs/s 1.0 Interrupt [53] i915 74.9 µs/s 1.0 Process /usr/lib/gvfs/gvfs-afc-volume-monitor What should I do to make the battery consumption lower?

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• How to establish SIP connection, when SIP-proxy is required?

  - by LA_

  I have Asterisk/1.8.13.1 Asterisk GUI-version : SVN--r Yes, quite old one, but I can not update it since this is installed on my Synology NAS. NAS is connected to internet thru router Asus RT-N16. I should use the following data to connect to the server: Auth name – 7499952XXXX User name/User ID/Display Name – nickname Authorization user name - [email protected] Domain - sip.beeline.ru SIP proxy server - msk.sip.beeline.ru I've also found the following string: [email protected]:password:[email protected]@msk.sip.beeline.ru:5060/7499952XXXX I've tested the parameters on my PC thru X-Lite and it works well (so, assume there is no any problem with the router, no need to do anything with router's NAS settings). But since I am quite new to Asterisk, I can not understand where to input all these data. Asterisk GUI doesn't have fields for proxy: Can somebody please help me with step-by-step instruction? Thank you in advance!

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• How do references work in R?

  - by djechlin

  I'm finding R confusing because it has such a different notion of reference than I am used to in languages like C, Java, Javascript... Ruby, Python, C++, well, pretty much any language I have ever programmed in ever. So one thing I've noticed is variable names are not irrelevant when passing them to something else. The reference can be part of the data. e.g. per this tutorial a <- factor(c("A","A","B","A","B","B","C","A","C")) results <- table(a) Leads to $a showing up as an attribute as $dimnames$a. We've also witnessed that calling a function like a <- foo(alpha=1, beta=2) can create attributes in a of names alpha and beta, or it can assign or otherwise compute on 1 and 2 to properties already existing. (Not that there's a computer science distinction here - it just doesn't really happen in something like Javascript, unless you want to emulate it by passing in the object and use key=value there.) Functions like names(...) return lvalues that will affect the input of them. And the one that most got me is this. x <- c(3, 5, 1, 10, 12, 6) y = x[x <= 5] x[y] <- 0 is different from x <- c(3, 5, 1, 10, 12, 6) x[x <= 5] <- 0 Color me confused. Is there a consistent theory for what's going on here?

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• Difficulty Mounting Volumes on a Partitioned External HD

  - by Todd

  I'm having a great deal of difficulty with an external hard drive. I'm currently running a dual boot system (XP Service Pack 3 and Ubuntu 11.04 Natty Narwahl) on a Dell Inspiron B120. I'm trying to set up a new 80 GB Hitachi external HD. Using GParted, I formatted the drive and set up the partitions. The partitioning scheme is as follows 10GB NTFS Primary, 2GB Linux-Swap Primary, 50GB FAT32 Primary, 12GB Unallocated. After applying those changes, I went into Disk Utility and the HD appears along with the correct partitions. When I try to mount the volumes for partitions 1 and 3, I get a pop-up stating: Error Mounting Volume An error occurred while performing an operation on "Home" (Partition 3 of HTS548080m9AT00): The daemon is being inhibited. When I try to to check the filesystem I get a pop-up stating: Error Checking filesystem on volume An error occurred while performing an operation on "Home" (Partition 3 of HTS548080m9AT00): The daemon is being inhibited. Throughout the time that I'm attempting to troubleshoot the problem, the external drive light is on and blinking. With my frustration hitting a boiling point, I try to shut down the drive and remove it so that I can plug in a different external HD that works PERFECTLY. However, when I try to shut down and safely remove the drive, I get a pop-up stating: Error Detaching Drive An error occurred while performing an operation on "80GB Hard Disk" (HTS548080m9AT00): The daemon is being inhibited. Can anyone tell me what I'm doing wrong? I'm a newbie and not that skilled with terminal commands, so please dumb it down for me if you request specific command output.

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• Sound problems in Windows 7

  - by Plastkort

  hi! I hope I reached the correct forum for this question. I have a media computer with a third party audio card (Soundblaster audigy SE) I use a coaxial digital audio cable connected to a Onkyo TX SR508. if I use normal audio, the sound seems very low, I have to set volume atleast to 62 in my amplifier to hear anything, however if I set digital SPDIF I have no means of controlling the audio volume from the PC (only from the amplifier) and this can be nasty if I toggle between movies that uses Digital AC3/THX and movies wihtouth, if I look at movies capable of AC3 the volume gets VERY loud if amp is set to 62, 32 is more than enough volume when using passthrough. so this bothers me is how can I get the same amount of volume with or without digital output? I tried also other soundcards, internal red light Digital audio cable... if I connect to my television I get ok sound on any sound source via HDMI... help :)

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