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• Optimize jQuery code

  - by Dannemannen

  Greetings, Just built some stuff with jQuery, everything works perfect(!), but I would like it to be as optimzed as possible.. what small changes can I do to my code? $(document).ready(function() { // hide the indicator, we use it later $(".indicator").hide(); // start the animation of the progressbar $(".fill").animate({ width: "50px",}, 4000, function() { $(".indicator").effect("pulsate", { times:999 }, 2000);}); // notify-me ajax function $(".btn-submit").click(function() { // get the variable email and put it in a new variable var email = $("input#mail").val(); var dataString = 'mail='+email; $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: "/mail.php", data: dataString, dataType: "json", success: function(msg){ // JSON return, lets do some magic if(msg.status == "ok") { $("#response-box").fadeIn("slow").delay(2000).fadeOut("slow"); $("#fade").fadeIn("slow").delay(2000).fadeOut("slow"); $("#response-box .inner").html("<h1>Thank you.</h1>We'll keep in touch!"); $("#mail").val("e.g. [email protected]"); } else { $("#response-box").fadeIn("slow").delay(2000).fadeOut("slow"); $("#fade").fadeIn("slow").delay(2000).fadeOut("slow"); $("#response-box .inner").html("<h1>Oops.</h1>Please try again!"); } } }); //make sure the form doesn't post return false; }); });

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• Rails HTML Table update fields in mongo with AJAX

  - by qwexar

  I'm building a Rails app backed by mongodb using mongoid. It's a one page app, with a HTML table, every field for every row of which, needs to be editable without refreshing the page. This is your usual Rails view ( like many in rails casts ) showing a table with rows and columns containing data. For example. I'm showing cars, and showing their make, model and notes They way I'm doing this is by appending _id of a mongo document to every column and marking it's field name in html id too. Then I pick up the value for $("#id") and send it to rails controller via AJAX and run @car.update_attributes method accordingly. Currently, one of my rows looks like this. <tr> <td id=<%= car.id %>_make> <%= car.make %> </td> <td id=<%= car.id %>_model> <%= car.model %> </td> <td id=<%= car.id %>_notes> <%= car.notes %> </td> </tr> // my function which is called onChange for every column function update_attributes(id){ var id = id.split[0]; var attribute = id.split[1]; $.ajax("sending id and attribute to rails controller"); } Is there any built it Rails magic which would let me update only a field in a model without refreshing the page? or. Is there a Rails plugin for this?

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• form_form and custom parameter in path_prefix

  - by fguillen

  Hi people, I have this route: # config/routes.rb map.namespace :backshop, :path_prefix => '/:shop_id/admin' do |backshop| backshop.resources :items end And I want to use the form_for magic to reuse the same form on both: new and edit views: <% form_for [:backshop, @item] do |f| %> This used to works, and used to build a create url for the item or update url for the item depending on the status of the @item object. But this is not working on this case because the routes don't exists without the shop_id parameter, and I don't know how to say to the form_for something like this: <% form_for [:backshop, @item], :shop_id => @shop do |f| %> Because it tries to use the @item like the :shop_id parameter. Or like this <% form_for [:backshop, @shop, @item] do |f| %> Because it tries to build this url: backshop_shop_order_path I Know I can just to extract the form_for declaration from the partial and do different calls on depending if new or edit: <% form_for( @item, :url => backshop_items_path( @shop ) ) do |f| %> and <% form_for( @item, :url => backshop_item_path( @shop, @item ) ) do |f| %> But I just wanted don't do this because I have a bunch of models and is a few boring :) Thanks for any suggestion f.

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• PHP array minor problem

  - by Sennheiser

  I'm really not sure how to explain this. It's so simple I can't fathom why it's not working. I have a loop. It puts a bunch of strings into an array. If I fill a single variable with any given string, it will output it perfectly. But filling an array with the strings will make it give me the dreaded: Array Array Array Array Array Array Array Array Note: my strings are not all 'Array'. The way I loop is: while(...) { $arr[] = $resultFromLoop; } Here is my var_dump. array(1) { ["tagName"]=> string(5) "magic" } array(1) { ["tagName"]=> string(4) "nunu" } array(1) { ["tagName"]=> string(5) "books" } array(1) { ["tagName"]=> string(0) "" } array(1) { ["tagName"]=> string(3) "zzz" } array(1) { ["tagName"]=> string(4) "grey" } array(1) { ["tagName"]=> string(3) "new" } array(1) { ["tagName"]=> string(6) "flight" }

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• What db fits me?

  - by afvasd

  Dear Everyone I am currently using mysql. I am finding that my schema is getting incredibly complicated. I seek to find a new db that will suit my needs: Let's assume I am building a news aggregrator (which collects news from multiple website). I then run algorithms to determine if two news from different sites are actually referring to the same topic. I run this algorithm to cluster news together. The relationship is depicted below: cluster \--news1 \--word1 \--word2 \--news2 \--word3 \--news3 \--word1 \--word3 And then I will apply some magic and determine the importance of each word. Summing all the importance of each word gives me the importance of a news article. Summing the importance of each news article gives me the importance of a cluster. Note that above cluster there are also subgroups( like split by region etc), and categories (like sports, etc) which I have to determine the importance of that in a particular day per se. I have used views in the past to do so, but I realized that views are very slow. So i will normally do an insert into an actual table and index them for better performance. As you can see this leads to multiple tables derived like (cluster, importance), (news, importance), (words, importance) etc which can get pretty messy. Also the "importance" metric will change. It has become increasingly difficult to alter tables, update data (which I am using TRUNCATE TABLE) and then inserting from null. I am currently looking into something schemaless like Mongodb. I do not need distributedness. I would very much want something that is reasonably fast (which can be indexed) and something that is a lot more flexible that traditional RDMBS. Also, I need something that has some kind of ORM because I personally like ORM a lot. I am currently using sqlalchemy Please help!

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• Time.new does not work as I would expect

  - by Marius Pop

  I am trying to generate some seed material. seed_array.each do |seed| Task.create(date: Date.new(2012,06,seed[1]), start_t: Time.new(2012,6,2,seed[2],seed[3]), end_t: Time.new(2012,6,2,seed[2] + 2,seed[3]), title: "#{seed[0]}") end Ultimately I will put random hours, minutes, seconds. The problem that I am facing is that instead of creating a time with the 2012-06-02 date it creates a time with a different date: 2000-01-01. I tested Time.new(2012,6,2,2,20,45) in rails console and it works as expected. When I am trying to seed my database however some voodo magic happens and I don't get the date I want. Any inputs are appreciated. Thank you! Update1: * [1m[36m (0.0ms)[0m [1mbegin transaction[0m [1m[35mSQL (0.5ms)[0m INSERT INTO "tasks" ("created_at", "date", "description", "end_t", "group_id", "start_t", "title", "updated_at") VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?) [["created_at", Tue, 03 Jul 2012 02:15:34 UTC +00:00], ["date", Thu, 07 Jun 2012], ["description", nil], ["end_t", 2012-06-02 10:02:00 -0400], ["group_id", nil], ["start_t", 2012-06-02 08:02:00 -0400], ["title", "99"], ["updated_at", Tue, 03 Jul 2012 02:15:34 UTC +00:00]] [1m[36m (2.3ms)[0m [1mcommit transaction * This is a small sample of the log. Update 2 Task id: 101, date: "2012-06-26", start_t: "2000-01-01 08:45:00", end_t: "2000-01-01 10:45:00", title: "1", description: nil, group_id: nil, created_at: "2012-07-03 02:15:33", updated_at: "2012-07-03 02:15:33" This is what shows up in rails console.

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• What is the mean of @ModelAttribute annotation at method argument level?

  - by beemaster

  Spring 3 reference teaches us: When you place it on a method parameter, @ModelAttribute maps a model attribute to the specific, annotated method parameter I don't understand this magic spell, because i sure that model object's alias (key value if using ModelMap as return type) passed to the View after executing of the request handler method. Therefore when request handler method executes the model object's name can't be mapped to the method parameter. To solve this contradiction i went to stackoverflow and found this detailed example. The author of example said: // The "personAttribute" model has been passed to the controller from the JSP It seems, he is charmed by Spring reference... To dispel the charms i deployed his sample app in my environment and cruelly cut @ModelAttribute annotation from method MainController.saveEdit. As result the application works without any changes! So i conclude: the @ModelAttribute annotation is not needed to pass web form's field values to the argument's fields. Then i stuck to the question: what is the mean of @ModelAttribute annotation? If the only mean is to set alias for model object in View, then why this way better than explicitly adding of object to ModelMap?

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• Compile Apache 2.4.3 on Centos 6.2 (64bit)

  - by RiseCakoPlusplus

  I attempt to compile Apache 2.4.3 with apr-1.4.6 and apr-util-1.5.1 on Centos 6.2 (64bit). ./configure --build=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu --program-prefix= --prefix=/usr --exec-prefix=/usr --bindir=/usr/bin --sbindir=/usr/sbin --sysconfdir=/etc --datadir=/usr/share --includedir=/usr/include --libdir=/usr/lib64 --libexecdir=/usr/libexec --localstatedir=/var --sharedstatedir=/var/lib --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info --cache-file=../config.cache --with-libdir=lib64 --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --disable-debug --with-pic --disable-rpath --without-pear --with-bz2 --with-exec-dir=/usr/bin --with-freetype-dir=/usr --with-png-dir=/usr --with-xpm-dir=/usr --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-t1lib=/usr --without-gdbm --with-gettext --with-gmp --with-iconv --with-jpeg-dir=/usr --with-openssl --with-zlib --with-layout=GNU --enable-exif --enable-ftp --enable-magic-quotes --enable-sockets --with-kerberos --enable-ucd-snmp-hack --enable-shmop --enable-calendar --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --with-system-tzdata --with-mhash --with-apxs2=/usr/sbin/apxs --libdir=/usr/lib64/php --enable-pdo=shared --with-mysql=shared,/usr --with-mysqli=shared,/usr/lib64/mysql/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=shared,/usr/lib64/mysql/mysql_config --without-pdo-sqlite --without-gd --disable-dom --disable-dba --without-unixODBC --disable-xmlreader --disable-xmlwriter --without-sqlite3 --disable-phar --disable-fileinfo --disable-json --without-pspell --disable-wddx --without-curl --disable-posix --disable-sysvmsg --disable-sysvshm --disable-sysvsem ./configure --with-included-apr --with-included-apr-util and when I issue make this happen: /root/httpd-2.4.3/srclib/apr/libtool: line 5989: cd: yes/lib: No such file or directory libtool: link: cannot determine absolute directory name of yes/lib' make[3]: *** [libaprutil-1.la] Error 1 make[3]: Leaving directory/root/httpd-2.4.3/srclib/apr-util' make[2]: * [all-recursive] Error 1 make[2]: Leaving directory /root/httpd-2.4.3/srclib/apr-util' make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory/root/httpd-2.4.3/srclib' make: * [all-recursive] Error 1 anything I missed?

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• Dealing with large directories in a checkout

  - by Eric

  I am trying to come up with a version control process for a web app that I work on. Currently, my major stumbling blocks are two directories that are huge (both over 4GB). Only a few people need to work on things within the huge directories; most people don't even need to see what's in them. Our directory structure looks something like: / --file.aspx --anotherFile.aspx --/coolThings ----coolThing.aspx --/bigFolder ----someHugeMovie.mov ----someHugeSound.mp3 --/anotherBigFolder ----... I'm sure you get the picture. It's hard to justify a checkout that has to pull down 8GB of data that's likely useless to a developer. I know, it's only once, but even once could be really frustrating for someone (and will make it harder for me to convince everyone to use source control). (Plus, clean checkouts will be painfully slow.) These folders do have to be available in the web application. What can I do? I've thought about separate repositories for the big folders. That way, you only download if you need it; but then how do I manage checking these out onto our development server? I've also thought about not trying to version control those folders: just update them directly on the web server... but I am not enamored of this idea. Is there some magic way to simply exclude directories from a checkout that I haven't found? (Pretty sure there is not.) Of course, there's always the option to just give up, bite the bullet, and accept downloading 8 useless GB. What say you? Have you encountered this problem before? How did you solve it?

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• Overload the behavior of count() when called on certain objects

  - by Tom

  In PHP 5, you can use magic methods, overload some classes, etc. In C++, you can implement functions that exist is STL as long as the argument types are different. Is there a way to do this in PHP? An example of what I'd like to do is this: class a { function a() { $this->list = array("1", "2"); } } $blah = new a(); count($blah); I would like blah to return 2. IE count the values of a specific array in the class. So in C++, the way I would do this might look like this: int count(a varName) { return count(varName->list); } Basically, I am trying to simplify data calls for a large application so I can call do this: count($object); rather than count($object->list); The list is going to be potentially a list of objects so depending on how it's used, it could be really nasty statement if someone has to do it the current way: count($object->list[0]->list[0]->list); So, can I make something similar to this: function count(a $object) { count($object->list); } I know PHP's count accepts a mixed var, so I don't know if I can override an individual type.

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• Specific path to java class file when embedded into HTML; Help urgent

  - by Jeevanism

  This is a resonant post to one of my other query due to an error with Java applet embedded into CMS pages. well, I tell issue:- Problem:- I have a website using Concrete 5 CMS, in which I have a page that I have embedded a Java applet class. This applet should show the system information which this applet is working fine in simple single HTML pages. now whenever I access my plugin Test page which created in Concrete 5 CMS (this page I embedded this java applet), it shows a Java error. The error is says incompatible Magic Number. Observation:- After a lot of searching through various tech forums, I finally found that, the issue is happened because the browser cannot load Java class file. The class file path location is wrong. Here below I post the log of server access when I test in my local machine. 127.0.0.1 - - [20/Dec/2012:12:59:28 +0800] "GET /linuxhouse/index.php/techlab/java/testvm.class HTTP/1.1" 200 1896 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (Linux 2.6.37.6-0.9-desktop) Java/1.6.0_29" 127.0.0.1 - - [20/Dec/2012:12:59:29 +0800] "GET /linuxhouse/index.php/techlab/java/testvm.class HTTP/1.1" 200 1896 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (Linux 2.6.37.6-0.9-desktop) Java/1.6.0_29" <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Clearly, the path to Java class file is wrong. But I have no idea how to specify exact path in an embedded code. Is this a CMS specific issue. I have disabled Pretty URL feature of CMS. But still I cannot find the solution. here the referred Page that shows the java error. http://www.linux-house.net/v3/techlab/plugin pls pls give some insight..URGENT SOS

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• List of values as keys for a Map

  - by thr

  I have lists of variable length where each item can be one of four unique, that I need to use as keys for another object in a map. Assume that each value can be either 0, 1, 2 or 3 (it's not integer in my real code, but a lot easier to explain this way) so a few examples of key lists could be: [1, 0, 2, 3] [3, 2, 1] [1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 3] [2, 3, 1, 1, 2] [1, 2] So, to re-iterate: each item in the list can be either 0, 1, 2 or 3 and there can be any number of items in a list. My first approach was to try to hash the contents of the array, using the built in GetHashCode() in .NET to combine the hash of each element. But since this would return an int I would have to deal with collisions manually (two equal int values are identical to a Dictionary). So my second approach was to use a quad tree, breaking down each item in the list into a Node that has four pointers (one for each possible value) to the next four possible values (with the root node representing [], an empty list), inserting [1, 0, 2] => Foo, [1, 3] => Bar and [1, 0] => Baz into this tree would look like this: Grey nodes nodes being unused pointers/nodes. Though I worry about the performance of this setup, but there will be no need to deal with hash collisions and the tree won't become to deep (there will mostly be lists with 2-6 items stored, rarely over 6). Is there some other magic way to store items with lists of values as keys that I have missed?

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• TechEd 2010 Day One – How I Travel

  - by BuckWoody

  Normally when I blog on the first day of a conference, well, there hasn’t been a first day yet. So I talk about the value of a conference or some other facet. And normally in my (non-conference) blogs, I show you how I have learned to be a data professional – things I’ve learned how to do over the years. But in all that time, I don’t think I’ve ever talked about a big part of my job – traveling. I’ve traveled a lot throughout the years, when I’ve taught, gone to conferences, consulted and in my current role assisting Microsoft customers with large-scale database system designs.  So I’ll share a few thoughts about what I do. Keep in mind that I travel for short durations, just a day or so, and sometimes I travel internationally. For those I prepare differently – what I’m talking about here is what I do for a multi-day, same-country trip. Hopefully you find it useful. I’ll tag a few other travelers I know to add their thoughts.  Preparing for Travel   When I’m notified of a trip, I begin researching the location. I find the flights, hotel and (if I have to) a car to use while I’m away. We have an in-house system we use to book the travel, but when I travel not-for-Microsoft I use Expedia and Kayak to find what I need.  Traveling on Sunday and Friday is the worst. I have to do it sometimes (like this week) and it’s always a bad idea. But you can blunt the impact by booking as early as you can stand it. That means I have to be up super-early, but the flights are normally on time. I stay flexible, and always have a backup plan in case the flights are delayed or canceled.  For the hotel, I tend to go on the cheaper side, and I look for older hotels that have been renovated, or quirky ones. For instance, in Boise, ID recently I stayed at a 60’s-themed (think Mad-Men) hotel that was very cool. Always I go on the less expensive side – I find the “luxury” hotels nail me for Internet, food, everything. The cheaper places include all kinds of things, and even have breakfasts, shuttles and all kinds of things that start to add up. I even call ahead to make sure there’s an iron and ironing board available, since I’ll need those when I get there.  I find any way I can not to get a car. I use mass-transit wherever possible, and try to make friends and pay their gas to take me places. In a pinch, I’ll use a taxi. It ends up being cheaper, faster, and less stressful all around.  Packing  Over the years I’ve learned never to check luggage whenever I can. To do that, I lay out everything I want to take with me on the bed, and then try and make sure I’m really going to use it. I wear a dark wool set of pants, which I can clean and wear in hot and cold climates. I bring undies and socks of course, and for most places I have to wear “dress up” shirts. I bring at least two print T-Shirts in case I want to dress down for something while I’m gone, but I only bring one set of shoes. All the  clothes are rolled as tightly as possible as I learned in the military. Then I use those to cushion the electronics I take.  For toiletries I bring a shaver, toothpaste and toothbrush, D/O and a small brush. Everything else the hotel will provide.  For entertainment, I take a small Zune, a full PC-Headset (so I can make IP calls on the road) and my laptop. I don’t take books or anything else – everything is electronic. I use E-books (downloaded from our Library), Audio-Books (on the Zune) and I also bring along a Kaossilator (more here) to play music in the hotel room or even on the plane without being heard.  If I can, I pack into one roll-on bag. There’s not a lot better than this one, but I also have a Bag I was given as a prize for something or other here at Microsoft. Either way, I like something with less pockets and more big, open compartments. Everything gets rolled up and packed in, with all of the wires and charges in small bags my wife made for me. The laptop (and anything I don’t want gate-checked) goes on top or in an outside pouch so I can grab it quickly if I have to gate-check the bag. As much as I can, I try to go in one bag. When I can’t (like this week) I use this bag since it can expand, roll up, crush and even be put away later. It’s super-heavy canvas and worth the price. This allows me to not check a bag.  Journey Logistics The day of the trip, I have everything ready since I’m getting up early. I pack a few small snacks inside a plastic large-mouth water bottle, which protects the snacks and lets me get water in the terminal. I bring along those little powdered drink mixes to add to the water.  At the airport, I make a beeline for the power-outlets. I charge up my laptop and phone, and download all my e-mails so I can work on them off-line in the air. I don’t travel as often as I used to – just every month or so now, so I don’t have a membership to an airline club. If I travel much more, I’ll invest in one again – they are WELL worth the money, for the wifi, food and quiet if for nothing else.  I print out my logistics on paper and put that in my pocket – flight numbers, hotel addresses and phones for everything. That way if I have to make a change, I don’t have to boot up anything or even have power to be able to roll with the punches if things change.  Working While Away  While I’m away I realize I’m going to be swamped with things at the conference or with my clients. So I turn on Out-Of-Office notifications to let people know I won’t be as responsive, and I keep my Outlook calendar up to date so my co-workers know what I’m up to. I even update it with hotel and phone info in case they really need to reach me. I share my calendar with my wife so my family knows what I’m doing as well.  I check my e-mail during breaks, but I only respond to them in the evening or early morning at the hotel. I tweet during conferences. The point is to be as present as possible during the event or when I’m at the clients. Both deserve it.  So those are my initial thoughts. I’ll tag Brent Ozar, Brad McGeHee and Paul Randal, and they can tag whomever they wish. Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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• Why It Is So Important to Know Your Customer

  - by Christie Flanagan

  Over the years, I endured enough delayed flights, air turbulence and misadventures in airport security clearance to watch my expectations for the air travel experience fall to abysmally low levels. The extent of my loyalty to any one carrier had more to do with the proximity of the airport parking garage to their particular gate than to any effort on the airline’s part to actually earn and retain my business. That all changed one day when I found myself at the airport hoping to catch a return flight home a few hours earlier than expected, using an airline I had flown with for the first time just that week.  When you travel regularly for business, being able to catch a return flight home that’s even an hour or two earlier than originally scheduled is a big deal. It can mean the difference between having a normal evening with your family and having to sneak in like a cat burglar after everyone is fast asleep. And so I found myself on this particular day hoping to catch an earlier flight home. I approached the gate agent and was told that I could go on standby for their next flight out. Then I asked how much it was going to cost to change the flight, knowing full well that I wouldn’t get reimbursed by my company for any change fees. “Oh, there’s no charge to fly on standby,” the gate agent told me. I made a funny look. I couldn’t believe what I was hearing. This airline was going to let my fly on standby, at no additional charge, even though I was a new customer with no status or points. It had been years since I’d seen an airline pass up a short term revenue generating opportunity in favor of a long term loyalty generating one.  At that moment, this particular airline gained my loyal business. Since then, this airline has had the opportunity to learn a lot about me. They know where I live, where I fly from, where I usually fly to, and where I like to sit on the plane. In general, I’ve found their customer service to be quite good whether at the airport, via call center and even through social channels. They email me occasionally, and when they do, they demonstrate that they know me by promoting deals for flights from where I live to places that I’d be interested in visiting. And that’s part of why I’m always so puzzled when I visit their website.Does this company with the great service, customer friendly policies, and clean planes demonstrate that they know me at all when I visit their website? The answer is no. Even when I log in using my loyalty program credentials, it’s pretty obvious that they’re presenting the same old home page and same old offers to every single one of their site visitors. I mean, those promotional offers that they’re featuring so prominently  -- they’re for flights that originate thousands of miles from where I live! There’s no way I’d ever book one of those flights and I’m sure I’m not the only one of their customers to feel that way.My reason for recounting this story is not to pick on the one customer experience flaw I've noticed with this particular airline, in fact, they do so many things right that I’ll continue to fly with them. But I did want to illustrate just how glaringly obvious it is to customers today when a touch point they have with a brand is impersonal, unconnected and out of sync. As someone who’s spent a number of years in the web experience management and online marketing space, it particularly peeves me when that out of sync touch point is a brand’s website, perhaps because I know how important it is to make a customer’s online experience relevant and how many powerful tools are available for making a relevant experience a reality. The fact is, delivering a one-size-fits-all online customer experience is no longer acceptable or particularly effective in today’s world. Today’s savvy customers expect you to know who they are and to understand their preferences, behavior and relationship with your brand. Not only do they expect you to know about them, but they also expect you to demonstrate this knowledge across all of their touch points with your brand in a consistent and compelling fashion, whether it be on your traditional website, your mobile web presence or through various social channels.Delivering the kind of personalized online experiences that customers want can have tremendous business benefits. This is not just about generating feelings of goodwill and higher customer satisfaction ratings either. More relevant and personalized online experiences boost the effectiveness of online marketing initiatives and the statistics prove this out. Personalized web experiences can help increase online conversion rates by 70% -- that’s a huge number.1  And more than three quarters of consumers indicate that they’ve made additional online purchases based on personalized product recommendations.2Now if only this airline would get on board with delivering a more personalized online customer experience. I’d certainly be happier and more likely to spring for one of their promotional offers. And by targeting relevant offers on their home page to appropriate segments of their site visitors, I bet they’d be happier and generating additional revenue too. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}  ***** If you're interested in hearing more perspectives on the benefits of demonstrating that you know your customers by delivering a more personalized experience, check out this white paper on creating a successful and meaningful customer experience on the web.  Also catch the video below on the business value of CX in attracting new customers featuring Oracle's VP of Customer Experience Strategy, Brian Curran. 1 Search Engine Watch 2 Marketing Charts

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• Networking in VirtualBox

  - by Fat Bloke

  Networking in VirtualBox is extremely powerful, but can also be a bit daunting, so here's a quick overview of the different ways you can setup networking in VirtualBox, with a few pointers as to which configurations should be used and when. VirtualBox allows you to configure up to 8 virtual NICs (Network Interface Controllers) for each guest vm (although only 4 are exposed in the GUI) and for each of these NICs you can configure: Which virtualized NIC-type is exposed to the Guest. Examples include: Intel PRO/1000 MT Server (82545EM),  AMD PCNet FAST III (Am79C973, the default) or  a Paravirtualized network adapter (virtio-net). How the NIC operates with respect to your Host's physical networking. The main modes are: Network Address Translation (NAT) Bridged networking Internal networking Host-only networking NAT with Port-forwarding The choice of NIC-type comes down to whether the guest has drivers for that NIC.  VirtualBox, suggests a NIC based on the guest OS-type that you specify during creation of the vm, and you rarely need to modify this. But the choice of networking mode depends on how you want to use your vm (client or server) and whether you want other machines on your network to see it. So let's look at each mode in a bit more detail... Network Address Translation (NAT) This is the default mode for new vm's and works great in most situations when the Guest is a "client" type of vm. (i.e. most network connections are outbound). Here's how it works: When the guest OS boots,  it typically uses DHCP to get an IP address. VirtualBox will field this DHCP request and tell the guest OS its assigned IP address and the gateway address for routing outbound connections. In this mode, every vm is assigned the same IP address (10.0.2.15) because each vm thinks they are on their own isolated network. And when they send their traffic via the gateway (10.0.2.2) VirtualBox rewrites the packets to make them appear as though they originated from the Host, rather than the Guest (running inside the Host). This means that the Guest will work even as the Host moves from network to network (e.g. laptop moving between locations), and from wireless to wired connections too. However, how does another computer initiate a connection into a Guest?  e.g. connecting to a web server running in the Guest. This is not (normally) possible using NAT mode as there is no route into the Guest OS. So for vm's running servers we need a different networking mode.... Bridged Networking Bridged Networking is used when you want your vm to be a full network citizen, i.e. to be an equal to your host machine on the network. In this mode, a virtual NIC is "bridged" to a physical NIC on your host, like this: The effect of this is that each VM has access to the physical network in the same way as your host. It can access any service on the network such as external DHCP services, name lookup services, and routing information just as the host does. Logically, the network looks like this: The downside of this mode is that if you run many vm's you can quickly run out of IP addresses or your network administrator gets fed up with you asking for statically assigned IP addresses. Secondly, if your host has multiple physical NICs (e.g. Wireless and Wired) you must reconfigure the bridge when your host jumps networks.  Hmm, so what if you want to run servers in vm's but don't want to involve your network administrator? Maybe one of the next 2 modes is for you... Internal Networking When you configure one or more vm's to sit on an Internal network, VirtualBox ensures that all traffic on that network stays within the host and is only visible to vm's on that virtual network. Configuration looks like this: The internal network ( in this example "intnet" ) is a totally isolated network and so is very "quiet". This is good for testing when you need a separate, clean network, and you can create sophisticated internal networks with vm's that provide their own services to the internal network. (e.g. Active Directory, DHCP, etc). Note that not even the Host is a member of the internal network, but this mode allows vm's to function even when the Host is not connected to a network (e.g. on a plane). Note that in this mode, VirtualBox provides no "convenience" services such as DHCP, so your machines must be statically configured or one of the vm's needs to provide a DHCP/Name service. Multiple internal networks are possible and you can configure vm's to have multiple NICs to sit across internal and other network modes and thereby provide routes if needed. But all this sounds tricky. What if you want an Internal Network that the host participates on with VirtualBox providing IP addresses to the Guests? Ah, then for this, you might want to consider Host-only Networking... Host-only Networking Host-only Networking is like Internal Networking in that you indicate which network the Guest sits on, in this case, "vboxnet0": All vm's sitting on this "vboxnet0" network will see each other, and additionally, the host can see these vm's too. However, other external machines cannot see Guests on this network, hence the name "Host-only". Logically, the network looks like this: This looks very similar to Internal Networking but the host is now on "vboxnet0" and can provide DHCP services. To configure how a Host-only network behaves, look in the VirtualBox Manager...Preferences...Network dialog: Port-Forwarding with NAT Networking Now you may think that we've provided enough modes here to handle every eventuality but here's just one more... What if you cart around a mobile-demo or dev environment on, say, a laptop and you have one or more vm's that you need other machines to connect into? And you are continually hopping onto different (customer?) networks. In this scenario: NAT - won't work because external machines need to connect in. Bridged - possibly an option, but does your customer want you eating IP addresses and can your software cope with changing networks? Internal - we need the vm(s) to be visible on the network, so this is no good. Host-only - same problem as above, we want external machines to connect in to the vm's. Enter Port-forwarding to save the day! Configure your vm's to use NAT networking; Add Port Forwarding rules; External machines connect to "host":"port number" and connections are forwarded by VirtualBox to the guest:port number specified. For example, if your vm runs a web server on port 80, you could set up rules like this:  ...which reads: "any connections on port 8080 on the Host will be forwarded onto this vm's port 80".  This provides a mobile demo system which won't need re-configuring every time you open your laptop lid. Summary VirtualBox has a very powerful set of options allowing you to set up almost any configuration your heart desires. For more information, check out the VirtualBox User Manual on Virtual Networking. -FB 

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• DBCC CHECKDB on VVLDB and latches (Or: My Pain is Your Gain)

  - by Argenis

    Does your CHECKDB hurt, Argenis? There is a classic blog series by Paul Randal [blog|twitter] called “CHECKDB From Every Angle” which is pretty much mandatory reading for anybody who’s even remotely considering going for the MCM certification, or its replacement (the Microsoft Certified Solutions Master: Data Platform – makes my fingers hurt just from typing it). Of particular interest is the post “Consistency Options for a VLDB” – on it, Paul provides solid, timeless advice (I use the word “timeless” because it was written in 2007, and it all applies today!) on how to perform checks on very large databases. Well, here I was trying to figure out how to make CHECKDB run faster on a restored copy of one of our databases, which happens to exceed 7TB in size. The whole thing was taking several days on multiple systems, regardless of the storage used – SAS, SATA or even SSD…and I actually didn’t pay much attention to how long it was taking, or even bothered to look at the reasons why - as long as it was finishing okay and found no consistency errors. Yes – I know. That was a huge mistake, as corruption found in a database several days after taking place could only allow for further spread of the corruption – and potentially large data loss. In the last two weeks I increased my attention towards this problem, as we noticed that CHECKDB was taking EVEN LONGER on brand new all-flash storage in the SAN! I couldn’t really explain it, and were almost ready to blame the storage vendor. The vendor told us that they could initially see the server driving decent I/O – around 450Mb/sec, and then it would settle at a very slow rate of 10Mb/sec or so. “Hum”, I thought – “CHECKDB is just not pushing the I/O subsystem hard enough”. Perfmon confirmed the vendor’s observations. Dreaded @BlobEater What was CHECKDB doing all the time while doing so little I/O? Eating Blobs. It turns out that CHECKDB was taking an extremely long time on one of our frankentables, which happens to be have 35 billion rows (yup, with a b) and sucks up several terabytes of space in the database. We do have a project ongoing to purge/split/partition this table, so it’s just a matter of time before we deal with it. But the reality today is that CHECKDB is coming to a screeching halt in performance when dealing with this particular table. Checking sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks and sys.dm_os_latch_stats showed that LATCH_EX (DBCC_OBJECT_METADATA) was by far the top wait type. I remembered hearing recently about that wait from another post that Paul Randal made, but that was related to computed-column indexes, and in fact, Paul himself reminded me of his article via twitter. But alas, our pathologic table had no non-clustered indexes on computed columns. I knew that latches are used by the database engine to do internal synchronization – but how could I help speed this up? After all, this is stuff that doesn’t have a lot of knobs to tweak. (There’s a fantastic level 500 talk by Bob Ward from Microsoft CSS [blog|twitter] called “Inside SQL Server Latches” given at PASS 2010 – and you can check it out here. DISCLAIMER: I assume no responsibility for any brain melting that might ensue from watching Bob’s talk!) Failed Hypotheses Earlier on this week I flew down to Palo Alto, CA, to visit our Headquarters – and after having a great time with my Monkey peers, I was relaxing on the plane back to Seattle watching a great talk by SQL Server MVP and fellow MCM Maciej Pilecki [twitter] called “Masterclass: A Day in the Life of a Database Transaction” where he discusses many different topics related to transaction management inside SQL Server. Very good stuff, and when I got home it was a little late – that slow DBCC CHECKDB that I had been dealing with was way in the back of my head. As I was looking at the problem at hand earlier on this week, I thought “How about I set the database to read-only?” I remembered one of the things Maciej had (jokingly) said in his talk: “if you don’t want locking and blocking, set the database to read-only” (or something to that effect, pardon my loose memory). I immediately killed the CHECKDB which had been running painfully for days, and set the database to read-only mode. Then I ran DBCC CHECKDB against it. It started going really fast (even a bit faster than before), and then throttled down again to around 10Mb/sec. All sorts of expletives went through my head at the time. Sure enough, the same latching scenario was present. Oh well. I even spent some time trying to figure out if NUMA was hurting performance. Folks on Twitter made suggestions in this regard (thanks, Lonny! [twitter]) …Eureka? This past Friday I was still scratching my head about the whole thing; I was ready to start profiling with XPERF to see if I could figure out which part of the engine was to blame and then get Microsoft to look at the evidence. After getting a bunch of good news I’ll blog about separately, I sat down for a figurative smack down with CHECKDB before the weekend. And then the light bulb went on. A sparse column. I thought that I couldn’t possibly be experiencing the same scenario that Paul blogged about back in March showing extreme latching with non-clustered indexes on computed columns. Did I even have a non-clustered index on my sparse column? As it turns out, I did. I had one filtered non-clustered index – with the sparse column as the index key (and only column). To prove that this was the problem, I went and setup a test. Yup, that'll do it The repro is very simple for this issue: I tested it on the latest public builds of SQL Server 2008 R2 SP2 (CU6) and SQL Server 2012 SP1 (CU4). First, create a test database and a test table, which only needs to contain a sparse column: CREATE DATABASE SparseColTest; GO USE SparseColTest; GO CREATE TABLE testTable (testCol smalldatetime SPARSE NULL); GO INSERT INTO testTable (testCol) VALUES (NULL); GO 1000000 That’s 1 million rows, and even though you’re inserting NULLs, that’s going to take a while. In my laptop, it took 3 minutes and 31 seconds. Next, we run DBCC CHECKDB against the database: DBCC CHECKDB('SparseColTest') WITH NO_INFOMSGS, ALL_ERRORMSGS; This runs extremely fast, as least on my test rig – 198 milliseconds. Now let’s create a filtered non-clustered index on the sparse column: CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [badBadIndex] ON testTable (testCol) WHERE testCol IS NOT NULL; With the index in place now, let’s run DBCC CHECKDB one more time: DBCC CHECKDB('SparseColTest') WITH NO_INFOMSGS, ALL_ERRORMSGS; In my test system this statement completed in 11433 milliseconds. 11.43 full seconds. Quite the jump from 198 milliseconds. I went ahead and dropped the filtered non-clustered indexes on the restored copy of our production database, and ran CHECKDB against that. We went down from 7+ days to 19 hours and 20 minutes. Cue the “Argenis is not impressed” meme, please, Mr. LaRock. My pain is your gain, folks. Go check to see if you have any of such indexes – they’re likely causing your consistency checks to run very, very slow. Happy CHECKDBing, -Argenis ps: I plan to file a Connect item for this issue – I consider it a pretty serious bug in the engine. After all, filtered indexes were invented BECAUSE of the sparse column feature – and it makes a lot of sense to use them together. Watch this space and my twitter timeline for a link.

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• Open GL stars are not rendering

  - by Darestium

  I doing Nehe's Open GL Lesson 9. I'm using SFML for windowing, the strange thing is no stars are rendering. #include <SFML/System.hpp> #include <SFML/Window.hpp> #include <SFML/Graphics.hpp> #include <iostream> void processEvents(sf::Window *app); void processInput(sf::Window *app); void renderGlScene(sf::Window *app); void init(); int loadResources(); const int NUM_OF_STARS = 50; float triRot = 0.0f; float quadRot = 0.0f; bool twinkle = false; bool tKey = false; float zoom = 15.0f; float tilt = 90.0f; float spin = 0.0f; unsigned int loop; unsigned int texture_handle[1]; typedef struct { int r, g, b; float distance; float angle; } stars; stars star[NUM_OF_STARS]; int main() { sf::Window app(sf::VideoMode(800, 600, 32), "Nehe Lesson 9"); app.UseVerticalSync(false); init(); if (loadResources() == -1) { return EXIT_FAILURE; } while (app.IsOpened()) { processEvents(&app); processInput(&app); renderGlScene(&app); app.Display(); } return EXIT_SUCCESS; } int loadResources() { sf::Image img_data; // Load Texture if (!img_data.LoadFromFile("data/images/star.bmp")) { std::cout << "Could not load data/images/star.bmp"; return -1; } // Generate 1 texture glGenTextures(1, &texture_handle[0]); // Linear filtering glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture_handle[0]); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, img_data.GetWidth(), img_data.GetHeight(), 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, img_data.GetPixelsPtr()); return 0; } void processInput(sf::Window *app) { const sf::Input& input = app->GetInput(); if (input.IsKeyDown(sf::Key::T) && !tKey) { tKey = true; twinkle = !twinkle; } if (!input.IsKeyDown(sf::Key::T)) { tKey = false; } if (input.IsKeyDown(sf::Key::Up)) { tilt -= 0.05f; } if (input.IsKeyDown(sf::Key::Down)) { tilt += 0.05f; } if (input.IsKeyDown(sf::Key::PageUp)) { zoom -= 0.02f; } if (input.IsKeyDown(sf::Key::Up)) { zoom += 0.02f; } } void init() { glClearDepth(1.f); glClearColor(0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 0.f); // Enable texturing glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); //glDepthMask(GL_TRUE); // Setup a perpective projection glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); gluPerspective(45.f, 1.f, 1.f, 500.f); glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE); glEnable(GL_BLEND); for (loop = 0; loop < NUM_OF_STARS; loop++) { star[loop].distance = (float)loop / NUM_OF_STARS * 5.0f; // Calculate distance from the centre // Give stars random rgb value star[loop].r = rand() % 256; star[loop].g = rand() % 256; star[loop].b = rand() % 256; } } void processEvents(sf::Window *app) { sf::Event event; while (app->GetEvent(event)) { if (event.Type == sf::Event::Closed) { app->Close(); } if (event.Type == sf::Event::KeyPressed && event.Key.Code == sf::Key::Escape) { app->Close(); } } } void renderGlScene(sf::Window *app) { app->SetActive(); // Clear color depth buffer glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); // Apply some transformations glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); // Select texture glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture_handle[0]); for (loop = 0; loop < NUM_OF_STARS; loop++) { glLoadIdentity(); // Reset The View Before We Draw Each Star glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, zoom); // Zoom Into The Screen (Using The Value In 'zoom') glRotatef(tilt, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); // Tilt The View (Using The Value In 'tilt') glRotatef(star[loop].angle, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); // Rotate To The Current Stars Angle glTranslatef(star[loop].distance, 0.0f, 0.0f); // Move Forward On The X Plane glRotatef(-star[loop].angle,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f); // Cancel The Current Stars Angle glRotatef(-tilt,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f); // Cancel The Screen Tilt if (twinkle) { glColor4ub(star[(NUM_OF_STARS - loop) - 1].r, star[(NUM_OF_STARS - loop)-1].g, star[(NUM_OF_STARS - loop) - 1].b, 255); glBegin(GL_QUADS); // Begin Drawing The Textured Quad glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f); glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f); glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); glEnd(); // Done Drawing The Textured Quad } glRotatef(spin,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f); // Rotate The Star On The Z Axis // Assign A Color Using Bytes glColor4ub(star[loop].r, star[loop].g, star[loop].b, 255); glBegin(GL_QUADS); // Begin Drawing The Textured Quad glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f); glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 0.0f); glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); glEnd(); // Done Drawing The Textured Quad spin += 0.01f; // Used To Spin The Stars star[loop].angle += (float)loop / NUM_OF_STARS; // Changes The Angle Of A Star star[loop].distance -= 0.01f; // Changes The Distance Of A Star if (star[loop].distance < 0.0f) { star[loop].distance += 5.0f; // Move The Star 5 Units From The Center star[loop].r = rand() % 256; // Give It A New Red Value star[loop].g = rand() % 256; // Give It A New Green Value star[loop].b = rand() % 256; // Give It A New Blue Value } } } I've looked over the code atleast 10 times now and I can't figure out the problem. Any help would be much appreciated.

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• SSL connection errors from Apache

  - by Yang

  I'm running a (self-signed) SSL cert site on Apache/2.2.14 on Ubuntu 10.04, but various browsers are giving errors on half the connection attempts. Just now saw this transient error from Chrome: "Error 126 (net::ERR_SSL_BAD_RECORD_MAC_ALERT): Unknown error." Hit refresh and the problem goes away for a while. wget too: $ wget --no-check-certificate https://dev.foo.com/deps/ --2010-09-08 19:30:26-- https://dev.foo.com/deps/ Resolving dev.foo.com... 184.72.53.220 Connecting to dev.foo.com|184.72.53.220|:443... connected. OpenSSL: error:0407006A:rsa routines:RSA_padding_check_PKCS1_type_1:block type is not 01 OpenSSL: error:04067072:rsa routines:RSA_EAY_PUBLIC_DECRYPT:padding check failed OpenSSL: error:1408D07B:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_KEY_EXCHANGE:bad signature Unable to establish SSL connection. Run it right away again and it works: $ wget --no-check-certificate https://dev.foo.com/deps/ --2010-09-08 19:30:29-- https://dev.foo.com/deps/ Resolving dev.foo.com... 184.72.53.220 Connecting to dev.foo.com|184.72.53.220|:443... connected. WARNING: cannot verify dev.foo.com's certificate, issued by `/CN=dev.foo.com': Self-signed certificate encountered. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 3157 (3.1K) [text/html] Saving to: `index.html' 100%[======================================>] 3,157 --.-K/s in 0s 2010-09-08 19:30:29 (48.6 MB/s) - `index.html' saved [3157/3157] In my sites-enabled/default-ssl: SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key The cert: -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIBszCCARwCCQCa0TzNwqLgsTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADAeMRwwGgYDVQQDExNk ZXYucGFydHlvbmRhdGEuY29tMB4XDTEwMDgyNzA2MzA1N1oXDTIwMDgyNDA2MzA1 N1owHjEcMBoGA1UEAxMTZGV2LnBhcnR5b25kYXRhLmNvbTCBnzANBgkqhkiG9w0B AQEFAAOBjQAwgYkCgYEAzXDEULpCUqIc9hV/ESFapkckR2uoYINA81DvG2aQZ9Ot Q30OwX2ae2CC4bSzJEIVlahU8vjVrWpmpa28NEhQbqh4ywwbl1XDrEVYI6Gkfimf snJhOKyaVrEhlwutYtBjmsz3ZIqwymMPm/6smVcSS5dJIynlSmtltxX6ivPcO8UC AwEAATANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFAAOBgQBGxHVkpSSOnZjzuySRepjhAlV/yhe9Fx23 fh12WrjQMEi98B7JEuNSLXDWckUN7O6XRc3RzKmazcGHJqzhn0Ov6gAmAE2XjZ/x VW21xmaLwk+KgYKFJbJJaP3jMSpU7I3aa11wqAkR2Zd4Nkm9N0YXYIzcBdfztTVI Et8mEHBFdg== -----END CERTIFICATE----- The cert is in turn generated via: $ make-ssl-cert generate-default-snakeoil --force-overwrite Apache version. $ apache2 -V Server version: Apache/2.2.14 (Ubuntu) Server built: Apr 13 2010 20:22:19 Server's Module Magic Number: 20051115:23 Server loaded: APR 1.3.8, APR-Util 1.3.9 Compiled using: APR 1.3.8, APR-Util 1.3.9 Architecture: 64-bit Server MPM: Worker threaded: yes (fixed thread count) forked: yes (variable process count) Server compiled with.... -D APACHE_MPM_DIR="server/mpm/worker" -D APR_HAS_SENDFILE -D APR_HAS_MMAP -D APR_HAVE_IPV6 (IPv4-mapped addresses enabled) -D APR_USE_SYSVSEM_SERIALIZE -D APR_USE_PTHREAD_SERIALIZE -D SINGLE_LISTEN_UNSERIALIZED_ACCEPT -D APR_HAS_OTHER_CHILD -D AP_HAVE_RELIABLE_PIPED_LOGS -D DYNAMIC_MODULE_LIMIT=128 -D HTTPD_ROOT="" -D SUEXEC_BIN="/usr/lib/apache2/suexec" -D DEFAULT_PIDLOG="/var/run/apache2.pid" -D DEFAULT_SCOREBOARD="logs/apache_runtime_status" -D DEFAULT_ERRORLOG="logs/error_log" -D AP_TYPES_CONFIG_FILE="/etc/apache2/mime.types" -D SERVER_CONFIG_FILE="/etc/apache2/apache2.conf" I don't administer the network, hardware, etc. - this is all running on Amazon EC2. I'm not running a load-balancer or anything else in front of the server. I'm making direct TCP connections to that host (AFAIK). Any ideas? Thanks in advance for any help.

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• SSL connection errors from Apache

  - by Yang

  I'm running a (self-signed) SSL cert site on Apache/2.2.14 on Ubuntu 10.04, but various browsers are giving errors on half the connection attempts. Just now saw this transient error from Chrome: "Error 126 (net::ERR_SSL_BAD_RECORD_MAC_ALERT): Unknown error." Hit refresh and the problem goes away for a while. wget too: $ wget --no-check-certificate https://dev.partyondata.com/deps/ --2010-09-08 19:30:26-- https://dev.partyondata.com/deps/ Resolving dev.partyondata.com... 184.72.53.220 Connecting to dev.partyondata.com|184.72.53.220|:443... connected. OpenSSL: error:0407006A:rsa routines:RSA_padding_check_PKCS1_type_1:block type is not 01 OpenSSL: error:04067072:rsa routines:RSA_EAY_PUBLIC_DECRYPT:padding check failed OpenSSL: error:1408D07B:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_KEY_EXCHANGE:bad signature Unable to establish SSL connection. Run it right away again and it works: $ wget --no-check-certificate https://dev.partyondata.com/deps/ --2010-09-08 19:30:29-- https://dev.partyondata.com/deps/ Resolving dev.partyondata.com... 184.72.53.220 Connecting to dev.partyondata.com|184.72.53.220|:443... connected. WARNING: cannot verify dev.partyondata.com's certificate, issued by `/CN=dev.partyondata.com': Self-signed certificate encountered. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 3157 (3.1K) [text/html] Saving to: `index.html' 100%[======================================>] 3,157 --.-K/s in 0s 2010-09-08 19:30:29 (48.6 MB/s) - `index.html' saved [3157/3157] In my sites-enabled/default-ssl: SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key The cert: -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIBszCCARwCCQCa0TzNwqLgsTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADAeMRwwGgYDVQQDExNk ZXYucGFydHlvbmRhdGEuY29tMB4XDTEwMDgyNzA2MzA1N1oXDTIwMDgyNDA2MzA1 N1owHjEcMBoGA1UEAxMTZGV2LnBhcnR5b25kYXRhLmNvbTCBnzANBgkqhkiG9w0B AQEFAAOBjQAwgYkCgYEAzXDEULpCUqIc9hV/ESFapkckR2uoYINA81DvG2aQZ9Ot Q30OwX2ae2CC4bSzJEIVlahU8vjVrWpmpa28NEhQbqh4ywwbl1XDrEVYI6Gkfimf snJhOKyaVrEhlwutYtBjmsz3ZIqwymMPm/6smVcSS5dJIynlSmtltxX6ivPcO8UC AwEAATANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFAAOBgQBGxHVkpSSOnZjzuySRepjhAlV/yhe9Fx23 fh12WrjQMEi98B7JEuNSLXDWckUN7O6XRc3RzKmazcGHJqzhn0Ov6gAmAE2XjZ/x VW21xmaLwk+KgYKFJbJJaP3jMSpU7I3aa11wqAkR2Zd4Nkm9N0YXYIzcBdfztTVI Et8mEHBFdg== -----END CERTIFICATE----- The cert is in turn generated via: $ make-ssl-cert generate-default-snakeoil --force-overwrite Apache version. $ apache2 -V Server version: Apache/2.2.14 (Ubuntu) Server built: Apr 13 2010 20:22:19 Server's Module Magic Number: 20051115:23 Server loaded: APR 1.3.8, APR-Util 1.3.9 Compiled using: APR 1.3.8, APR-Util 1.3.9 Architecture: 64-bit Server MPM: Worker threaded: yes (fixed thread count) forked: yes (variable process count) Server compiled with.... -D APACHE_MPM_DIR="server/mpm/worker" -D APR_HAS_SENDFILE -D APR_HAS_MMAP -D APR_HAVE_IPV6 (IPv4-mapped addresses enabled) -D APR_USE_SYSVSEM_SERIALIZE -D APR_USE_PTHREAD_SERIALIZE -D SINGLE_LISTEN_UNSERIALIZED_ACCEPT -D APR_HAS_OTHER_CHILD -D AP_HAVE_RELIABLE_PIPED_LOGS -D DYNAMIC_MODULE_LIMIT=128 -D HTTPD_ROOT="" -D SUEXEC_BIN="/usr/lib/apache2/suexec" -D DEFAULT_PIDLOG="/var/run/apache2.pid" -D DEFAULT_SCOREBOARD="logs/apache_runtime_status" -D DEFAULT_ERRORLOG="logs/error_log" -D AP_TYPES_CONFIG_FILE="/etc/apache2/mime.types" -D SERVER_CONFIG_FILE="/etc/apache2/apache2.conf" Any ideas? Thanks in advance for any help.

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• How to solve "403 Forbidden" on CentOS6 with SELinux Disabled?

  - by André

  I have a machine on Linode that is driving me crazy. Linode does not have SELinux on CentOS6... I'm trying to configure to put my website in "/home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/public" As I don´t have SELinux enable, how can I avoid the "403 Forbidden" that I get when trying to access the webpage? Sorry for my english. Best Regards, Update1, ERROR_LOG [Mon Oct 17 14:04:16 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:08:07 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:10:25 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:10:41 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:32:35 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:34:45 2011] [error] [client 58.218.199.227] (13)Permission denied: access to /proxy-1.php denied [Mon Oct 17 15:32:25 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:37:26 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:37:43 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:38:32 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:42:56 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable [Mon Oct 17 15:43:12 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable [Mon Oct 17 15:45:34 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable [Mon Oct 17 15:51:25 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable Upadate2, /home/websites directory drwx------ 3 websites websites 4096 Oct 17 14:52 . drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Oct 17 13:42 .. -rw------- 1 websites websites 372 Oct 17 14:52 .bash_history -rw-r--r-- 1 websites websites 18 May 30 11:46 .bash_logout -rw-r--r-- 1 websites websites 176 May 30 11:46 .bash_profile -rw-r--r-- 1 websites websites 124 May 30 11:46 .bashrc drwxrwxr-x 3 websites apache 4096 Oct 17 13:45 public_html Update3, httpd.conf ### Section 1: Global Environment ServerTokens OS ServerRoot "/etc/httpd" PidFile run/httpd.pid Timeout 60 KeepAlive Off MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout 15 <IfModule prefork.c> StartServers 8 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 20 ServerLimit 256 MaxClients 256 MaxRequestsPerChild 4000 </IfModule> <IfModule worker.c> StartServers 4 MaxClients 300 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> #Listen 12.34.56.78:80 Listen 80 LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so LoadModule authn_alias_module modules/mod_authn_alias.so LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so LoadModule authn_default_module modules/mod_authn_default.so LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so LoadModule authz_owner_module modules/mod_authz_owner.so LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so LoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.so LoadModule authz_default_module modules/mod_authz_default.so LoadModule ldap_module modules/mod_ldap.so LoadModule authnz_ldap_module modules/mod_authnz_ldap.so LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so LoadModule logio_module modules/mod_logio.so LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so LoadModule ext_filter_module modules/mod_ext_filter.so LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so LoadModule substitute_module modules/mod_substitute.so LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so LoadModule suexec_module modules/mod_suexec.so LoadModule disk_cache_module modules/mod_disk_cache.so LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so LoadModule version_module modules/mod_version.so Include conf.d/*.conf #ExtendedStatus On User apache Group apache ServerAdmin root@localhost #ServerName www.example.com:80 UseCanonicalName Off DocumentRoot "/var/www/html" # # Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect # to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that # directory (and its subdirectories). # # First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of # features. # <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> # # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow # particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as # you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it # below. # # # This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to. # <Directory "/home/websites/public_html"> # # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All", # or any combination of: # Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews # # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All" # doesn't give it to you. # # The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options # for more information. # Options Indexes FollowSymLinks # # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files. # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords: # Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit # AllowOverride None # # Controls who can get stuff from this server. # Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # # UserDir: The name of the directory that is appended onto a user's home # directory if a ~user request is received. # # The path to the end user account 'public_html' directory must be # accessible to the webserver userid. This usually means that ~userid # must have permissions of 711, ~userid/public_html must have permissions # of 755, and documents contained therein must be world-readable. # Otherwise, the client will only receive a "403 Forbidden" message. # # See also: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/misc/FAQ.html#forbidden # <IfModule mod_userdir.c> # # UserDir is disabled by default since it can confirm the presence # of a username on the system (depending on home directory # permissions). # UserDir disabled # # To enable requests to /~user/ to serve the user's public_html # directory, remove the "UserDir disabled" line above, and uncomment # the following line instead: # #UserDir public_html </IfModule> # # Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an example # for a site where these directories are restricted to read-only. # #<Directory /home/*/public_html> # AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit # Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec # <Limit GET POST OPTIONS> # Order allow,deny # Allow from all # </Limit> # <LimitExcept GET POST OPTIONS> # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # </LimitExcept> #</Directory> # # DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory # is requested. # # The index.html.var file (a type-map) is used to deliver content- # negotiated documents. The MultiViews Option can be used for the # same purpose, but it is much slower. # DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var # # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy All </Files> # # TypesConfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) is # to be found. # TypesConfig /etc/mime.types # # DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document # if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions. # If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is # a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications # or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to # keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are # text. # DefaultType text/plain # # The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the # contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile # directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located. # <IfModule mod_mime_magic.c> # MIMEMagicFile /usr/share/magic.mime MIMEMagicFile conf/magic </IfModule> # # HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses # e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off). # The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people # had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that # each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the # nameserver. # HostnameLookups Off #EnableMMAP off #EnableSendfile off # # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog logs/error_log LogLevel warn # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent # "combinedio" includes actual counts of actual bytes received (%I) and sent (%O); this # requires the mod_logio module to be loaded. #LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio # # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format). # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost> # container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do* # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be # logged therein and *not* in this file. # #CustomLog logs/access_log common # # If you would like to have separate agent and referer logfiles, uncomment # the following directives. # #CustomLog logs/referer_log referer #CustomLog logs/agent_log agent # # For a single logfile with access, agent, and referer information # (Combined Logfile Format), use the following directive: # CustomLog logs/access_log combined ServerSignature On Alias /icons/ "/var/www/icons/" <Directory "/var/www/icons"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # # WebDAV module configuration section. # <IfModule mod_dav_fs.c> # Location of the WebDAV lock database. DAVLockDB /var/lib/dav/lockdb </IfModule> # # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts. # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that # documents in the realname directory are treated as applications and # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the client. # The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias directives as to # Alias. # ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/" # # "/var/www/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased # CGI directory exists, if you have that configured. # <Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> IndexOptions FancyIndexing VersionSort NameWidth=* HTMLTable Charset=UTF-8 AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip AddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/* AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/* AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/* AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/* AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exe AddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqx AddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tar AddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .iv AddIcon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zip AddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .eps AddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdf AddIcon /icons/text.gif .txt AddIcon /icons/c.gif .c AddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .py AddIcon /icons/f.gif .for AddIcon /icons/dvi.gif .dvi AddIcon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uu AddIcon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tcl AddIcon /icons/tex.gif .tex AddIcon /icons/bomb.gif core AddIcon /icons/back.gif .. AddIcon /icons/hand.right.gif README AddIcon /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^ AddIcon /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^ # # DefaultIcon is which icon to show for files which do not have an icon # explicitly set. # DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gif # # AddDescription allows you to place a short description after a file in # server-generated indexes. These are only displayed for FancyIndexed # directories. # Format: AddDescription "description" filename # #AddDescription "GZIP compressed document" .gz #AddDescription "tar archive" .tar #AddDescription "GZIP compressed tar archive" .tgz # # ReadmeName is the name of the README file the server will look for by # default, and append to directory listings. # # HeaderName is the name of a file which should be prepended to # directory indexes. ReadmeName README.html HeaderName HEADER.html # # IndexIgnore is a set of filenames which directory indexing should ignore # and not include in the listing. Shell-style wildcarding is permitted. # IndexIgnore .??* *~ *# HEADER* README* RCS CVS *,v *,t # # DefaultLanguage and AddLanguage allows you to specify the language of # a document. You can then use content negotiation to give a browser a # file in a language the user can understand. # # Specify a default language. This means that all data # going out without a specific language tag (see below) will # be marked with this one. You probably do NOT want to set # this unless you are sure it is correct for all cases. # # * It is generally better to not mark a page as # * being a certain language than marking it with the wrong # * language! # # DefaultLanguage nl # # Note 1: The suffix does not have to be the same as the language # keyword --- those with documents in Polish (whose net-standard # language code is pl) may wish to use "AddLanguage pl .po" to # avoid the ambiguity with the common suffix for perl scripts. # # Note 2: The example entries below illustrate that in some cases # the two character 'Language' abbreviation is not identical to # the two character 'Country' code for its country, # E.g. 'Danmark/dk' versus 'Danish/da'. # # Note 3: In the case of 'ltz' we violate the RFC by using a three char # specifier. There is 'work in progress' to fix this and get # the reference data for rfc1766 cleaned up. # # Catalan (ca) - Croatian (hr) - Czech (cs) - Danish (da) - Dutch (nl) # English (en) - Esperanto (eo) - Estonian (et) - French (fr) - German (de) # Greek-Modern (el) - Hebrew (he) - Italian (it) - Japanese (ja) # Korean (ko) - Luxembourgeois* (ltz) - Norwegian Nynorsk (nn) # Norwegian (no) - Polish (pl) - Portugese (pt) # Brazilian Portuguese (pt-BR) - Russian (ru) - Swedish (sv) # Simplified Chinese (zh-CN) - Spanish (es) - Traditional Chinese (zh-TW) # AddLanguage ca .ca AddLanguage cs .cz .cs AddLanguage da .dk AddLanguage de .de AddLanguage el .el AddLanguage en .en AddLanguage eo .eo AddLanguage es .es AddLanguage et .et AddLanguage fr .fr AddLanguage he .he AddLanguage hr .hr AddLanguage it .it AddLanguage ja .ja AddLanguage ko .ko AddLanguage ltz .ltz AddLanguage nl .nl AddLanguage nn .nn AddLanguage no .no AddLanguage pl .po AddLanguage pt .pt AddLanguage pt-BR .pt-br AddLanguage ru .ru AddLanguage sv .sv AddLanguage zh-CN .zh-cn AddLanguage zh-TW .zh-tw # # LanguagePriority allows you to give precedence to some languages # in case of a tie during content negotiation. # # Just list the languages in decreasing order of preference. We have # more or less alphabetized them here. You probably want to change this. # LanguagePriority en ca cs da de el eo es et fr he hr it ja ko ltz nl nn no pl pt pt-BR ru sv zh-CN zh-TW # # ForceLanguagePriority allows you to serve a result page rather than # MULTIPLE CHOICES (Prefer) [in case of a tie] or NOT ACCEPTABLE (Fallback) # [in case no accepted languages matched the available variants] # ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback # # Specify a default charset for all content served; this enables # interpretation of all content as UTF-8 by default. To use the # default browser choice (ISO-8859-1), or to allow the META tags # in HTML content to override this choice, comment out this # directive: # AddDefaultCharset UTF-8 # # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration # file mime.types for specific file types. # #AddType application/x-tar .tgz # # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this. # Despite the name similarity, the following Add* directives have nothing # to do with the FancyIndexing customization directives above. # #AddEncoding x-compress .Z #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types: # AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz # # MIME-types for downloading Certificates and CRLs # AddType application/x-x509-ca-cert .crt AddType application/x-pkcs7-crl .crl # # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers": # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server # or added with the Action directive (see below) # # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories: # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.) # #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi # # For files that include their own HTTP headers: # #AddHandler send-as-is asis # # For type maps (negotiated resources): # (This is enabled by default to allow the Apache "It Worked" page # to be distributed in multiple languages.) # AddHandler type-map var # # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client. # # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI): # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.) # AddType text/html .shtml AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml # # Action lets you define media types that will execute a script whenever # a matching file is called. This eliminates the need for repeated URL # pathnames for oft-used CGI file processors. # Format: Action media/type /cgi-script/location # Format: Action handler-name /cgi-script/location # # # Customizable error responses come in three flavors: # 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects # # Some examples: #ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo." #ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html #ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl" #ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html # # # Putting this all together, we can internationalize error responses. # # We use Alias to redirect any /error/HTTP_<error>.html.var response to # our collection of by-error message multi-language collections. We use # includes to substitute the appropriate text. # # You can modify the messages' appearance without changing any of the # default HTTP_<error>.html.var files by adding the line: # # Alias /error/include/ "/your/include/path/" # # which allows you to create your own set of files by starting with the # /var/www/error/include/ files and # copying them to /your/include/path/, even on a per-VirtualHost basis. # Alias /error/ "/var/www/error/" <IfModule mod_negotiation.c> <IfModule mod_include.c> <Directory "/var/www/error"> AllowOverride None Options IncludesNoExec AddOutputFilter Includes html AddHandler type-map var Order allow,deny Allow from all LanguagePriority en es de fr ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback </Directory> # ErrorDocument 400 /error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var # ErrorDocument 401 /error/HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED.html.var # ErrorDocument 403 /error/HTTP_FORBIDDEN.html.var # ErrorDocument 404 /error/HTTP_NOT_FOUND.html.var # ErrorDocument 405 /error/HTTP_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED.html.var # ErrorDocument 408 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_TIME_OUT.html.var # ErrorDocument 410 /error/HTTP_GONE.html.var # ErrorDocument 411 /error/HTTP_LENGTH_REQUIRED.html.var # ErrorDocument 412 /error/HTTP_PRECONDITION_FAILED.html.var # ErrorDocument 413 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE.html.var # ErrorDocument 414 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LARGE.html.var # ErrorDocument 415 /error/HTTP_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE.html.var # ErrorDocument 500 /error/HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.html.var # ErrorDocument 501 /error/HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED.html.var # ErrorDocument 502 /error/HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY.html.var # ErrorDocument 503 /error/HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE.html.var # ErrorDocument 506 /error/HTTP_VARIANT_ALSO_VARIES.html.var </IfModule> </IfModule> # # The following directives modify normal HTTP response behavior to # handle known problems with browser implementations. # BrowserMatch "Mozilla/2" nokeepalive BrowserMatch "MSIE 4\.0b2;" nokeepalive downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "RealPlayer 4\.0" force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "Java/1\.0" force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "JDK/1\.0" force-response-1.0 # # The following directive disables redirects on non-GET requests for # a directory that does not include the trailing slash. This fixes a # problem with Microsoft WebFolders which does not appropriately handle # redirects for folders with DAV methods. # Same deal with Apple's DAV filesystem and Gnome VFS support for DAV. # BrowserMatch "Microsoft Data Access Internet Publishing Provider" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "MS FrontPage" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^WebDrive" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^WebDAVFS/1.[0123]" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^gnome-vfs/1.0" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^XML Spy" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^Dreamweaver-WebDAV-SCM1" redirect-carefully # # Allow server status reports generated by mod_status, # with the URL of http://servername/server-status # Change the ".example.com" to match your domain to enable. # #<Location /server-status> # SetHandler server-status # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from .example.com #</Location> # # Allow remote server configuration reports, with the URL of # http://servername/server-info (requires that mod_info.c be loaded). # Change the ".example.com" to match your domain to enable. # #<Location /server-info> # SetHandler server-info # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from .example.com #</Location> # # Proxy Server directives. Uncomment the following lines to # enable the proxy server: # #<IfModule mod_proxy.c> #ProxyRequests On # #<Proxy *> # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from .example.com #</Proxy> # # Enable/disable the handling of HTTP/1.1 "Via:" headers. # ("Full" adds the server version; "Block" removes all outgoing Via: headers) # Set to one of: Off | On | Full | Block # #ProxyVia On # # To enable a cache of proxied content, uncomment the following lines. # See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_cache.html for more details. # #<IfModule mod_disk_cache.c> # CacheEnable disk / # CacheRoot "/var/cache/mod_proxy" #</IfModule> # #</IfModule> # End of proxy directives. ### Section 3: Virtual Hosts # # VirtualHost: If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your # machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations # use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn't need to worry about # IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below. # # Please see the documentation at # <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/vhosts/> # for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts. # # You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual host # configuration. # # Use name-based virtual hosting. # NameVirtualHost *:80 # # NOTE: NameVirtualHost cannot be used without a port specifier # (e.g. :80) if mod_ssl is being used, due to the nature of the # SSL protocol. # # # VirtualHost example: # Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container. # The first VirtualHost section is used for requests without a known # server name. # #<VirtualHost *:80> # ServerAdmin [email protected] # DocumentRoot /www/docs/dummy-host.example.com # ServerName dummy-host.example.com # ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log # CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common #</VirtualHost> # domain: mysite.com # public: /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/ <VirtualHost *:80> # Admin email, Server Name (domain name) and any aliases ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName mysite.com ServerAlias www.mysite.com # Index file and Document Root (where the public files are located) DirectoryIndex index.html DocumentRoot /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/public # Custom log file locations LogLevel warn ErrorLog /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/log/error.log CustomLog /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/log/access.log combined </VirtualHost>

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• How to allow local LAN access while connected to Cisco VPN?

  - by Ian Boyd

  How can I maintain local LAN access while connected to Cisco VPN? When connecting using Cisco VPN, the server has to ability to instruct the client to prevent local LAN access. Assuming this server-side option cannot be turned off, how can allow local LAN access while connected with a Cisco VPN client? I used to think it was simply a matter of routes being added that capture LAN traffic with a higher metric, for example: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 10.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.0.0.3 10.0.0.3 20 <--Local LAN 10.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.199.1 192.168.199.12 1 <--VPN Link And trying to delete the 10.0.x.x -> 192.168.199.12 route don't have any effect: >route delete 10.0.0.0 >route delete 10.0.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 >route delete 10.0.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 192.168.199.1 >route delete 10.0.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 192.168.199.1 if 192.168.199.12 >route delete 10.0.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 192.168.199.1 if 0x3 And while it still might simply be a routing issue, attempts to add or delete routes fail. At what level is Cisco VPN client driver doing what in the networking stack that takes overrides a local administrator's ability to administer their machine? The Cisco VPN client cannot be employing magic. It's still software running on my computer. What mechanism is it using to interfere with my machine's network? What happens when an IP/ICMP packet arrives on the network? Where in the networking stack is the packet getting eaten? See also No internet connection with Cisco VPN Cisco VPN Client interrupts connectivity to my LDAP server Cisco VPN stops Windows 7 Browsing How can I prohibit the creation of a route in Windows XP upon connection to Cisco VPN? Rerouting local LAN and Internet traffic when in VPN VPN Client "Allow local LAN Access" Allow Local LAN Access for VPN Clients on the VPN 3000 Concentrator Configuration Example LAN access gone when I connect to VPN Windows XP Documentation: Route Edit: Things I've not yet tried: >route delete 10.0.* Update: Since Cisco has abandoned their old client, in favor of AnyConnect (HTTP SSL based VPN), this question, unsolved, can be left as a relic of history. Going forward, we can try to solve the same problem with their new client.

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• Linux Software RAID recovery

  - by Zoredache

  I am seeing a discrepancy between the output of mdadm --detail and mdadm --examine, and I don't understand why. This output mdadm --detail /dev/md2 /dev/md2: Version : 0.90 Creation Time : Wed Mar 14 18:20:52 2012 Raid Level : raid10 Array Size : 3662760640 (3493.08 GiB 3750.67 GB) Used Dev Size : 1465104256 (1397.23 GiB 1500.27 GB) Raid Devices : 5 Total Devices : 5 Preferred Minor : 2 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Seems to contradict this. (the same for every disk in the array) mdadm --examine /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdc2: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 0.90.00 UUID : 1f54d708:60227dd6:163c2a05:89fa2e07 (local to host) Creation Time : Wed Mar 14 18:20:52 2012 Raid Level : raid10 Used Dev Size : 1465104320 (1397.23 GiB 1500.27 GB) Array Size : 2930208640 (2794.46 GiB 3000.53 GB) Raid Devices : 5 Total Devices : 5 Preferred Minor : 2 The array was created like this. mdadm -v --create /dev/md2 \ --level=raid10 --layout=o2 --raid-devices=5 \ --chunk=64 --metadata=0.90 \ /dev/sdg2 /dev/sdf2 /dev/sde2 /dev/sdd2 /dev/sdc2 Each of the 5 individual drives have partitions like this. Disk /dev/sdc: 1500.3 GB, 1500301910016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 182401 cylinders, total 2930277168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00057754 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 2048 34815 16384 83 Linux /dev/sdc2 34816 2930243583 1465104384 fd Linux raid autodetect Backstory So the SATA controller failed in a box I provide some support for. The failure was a ugly and so individual drives fell out of the array a little at a time. While there are backups, we the are not really done as frequently as we really need. There is some data that I am trying to recover if I can. I got additional hardware and I was able to access the drives again. The drives appear to be fine, and I can get the array and filesystem active and mounted (using read-only mode). I am able to access some data on the filesystem and have been copying that off, but I am seeing lots of errors when I try to copy the most recent data. When I am trying to access that most recent data I am getting errors like below which makes me think that the array size discrepancy may be the problem. Mar 14 18:26:04 server kernel: [351588.196299] dm-7: rw=0, want=6619839616, limit=6442450944 Mar 14 18:26:04 server kernel: [351588.196309] attempt to access beyond end of device Mar 14 18:26:04 server kernel: [351588.196313] dm-7: rw=0, want=6619839616, limit=6442450944 Mar 14 18:26:04 server kernel: [351588.199260] attempt to access beyond end of device Mar 14 18:26:04 server kernel: [351588.199264] dm-7: rw=0, want=20647626304, limit=6442450944 Mar 14 18:26:04 server kernel: [351588.202446] attempt to access beyond end of device Mar 14 18:26:04 server kernel: [351588.202450] dm-7: rw=0, want=19973212288, limit=6442450944 Mar 14 18:26:04 server kernel: [351588.205516] attempt to access beyond end of device Mar 14 18:26:04 server kernel: [351588.205520] dm-7: rw=0, want=8009695096, limit=6442450944

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• Ubuntu web server 11.10 ftp/server issue

  - by Nate

  I was wondering if I could get some help with FTP, atleast I'm pretty sure it has to do with FTP. Although it could have to do with something else, I'm not 100% sure.. Now, for fare warning, I'm no ubuntu dominator, I'm pretty newb. Anyway, I've attempted to build a webserver to to test php and what not for a site I'm building. Now everything works, the php, the sql etc. By the way, I built this in VMware, so it's virtual, over a network, so I can access stuff from anywhere. I'm in a college right now so yeah. The one problem I have is this. I go into the terminal, and do ifconfig to find my IP. I get it and go to a browser on a different machine and type that IP in. I get the "index of/" page, where I can browse the website I'm making. I can click through folders and what not. I can click on things and they open up. Now lets say I'm working on my desktop and open up an FTP and drag and drop something into there, go to the IP in the browser again and try to open it. I either get "Server error The website encountered an error while retrieving http://my_server_ip/phpinfo.php. It may be down for maintenance or configured incorrectly. Here are some suggestions: Reload this webpage later." or "Forbidden You don't have permission to access /html.html on this server." But, lets say I make it on the server itself, and try, bam, magic it works. I'm sure I set the permissions to let everyone open and view the files, but maybe I didn't? I'm not sure, and this is where I was hoping I could get some help. By the way, I followed a tutorial on changing the www folder (apache) from /var/www to home/"user"/www. I can't recall how I did that, but it's there and my ftp goes to the home/"user"/www folder. But yeah, any and all help is appreciated. Like I said, I'm really new to this, but I do enjoy attempting to make these servers and learning how they work, so it's not like making this webserver is a project for a class, It's just assisting me in testing stuff for another class and possibly other websites later on down the road. Anyway, anyone who decides to help, thanks so much, I'd really appreciate it. Nate. P.S. I'm using Ubuntu 11.10 desktop edition with a LAMP server

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• OpenVPN, Great on Windows, VERY slow on Mac...

  - by Phsion

  Hello, I'm not really an IT Pro, but this seemed like the best place to ask this question... I have setup VPN networks in the past, for fun, and everything was great, but now I've set one up for my boss, and while my computers all work great, his Mac machines are almost too slow to work with. Its pretty much vanilla configs all around, anyone have any ideas? Its a TUN routing setup over UDP. Back Story: My boss travels a lot, and wants to be able to access all his files from the road, and is also pretty paranoid about security (even though knows almost nothing about computers). SO i figured a VPN would be the answer. I went with OpenVPN, but there are some other issues. The only ISP we can get in our area besides Dial-UP is a crappy Satellite provider, that doesn't offer public IPs unless your willing to pay, so while the computers and VPN setup are pretty vanilla, the routing and structure is strange to get around this limitation. Specs: Its OpenVPN2, and there are six machines using it (only three actually use it, the rest are my test machines), one Windows 7 laptop, two XP Desktops, one OS X 10.5 Desktop, one 10.6 Desktop, and one 10.6 Laptop. One XP Desktop sits at my house and acts as the server (6Mbs/2Mbs FIOS connection). One XP desktop sits at the office and hosts a webpage that will wake up the Main Mac Desktop from sleep, and also ping all the machines on the VPN and show their status. The main office mac (10.6) stays in sleep mode until it gets the Wake-On-Lan packet from the Office XP, and then it auto connects to the VPN and opens itself up. The reason for all this is the Satellite private IP crap means i cant directly access the office machines outside of the LAN, so everyone connects to my house first, then they talk to each other from there. The Wake On Lan weirdness is because my boss doesn't want to leave the main Mac on all the time, and making a quick and dirty webpage was the easiest way to send a Magic Packet from inside the LAN without confusing my boss. The VPN uses Client Config files to make static IPs for the client. The only thing i found in google was some changes to the VPN MTU settings (down to 1400) but no real help. Oh, and i forgot...all the windows machines just have OpenVPN start as a service. The Mac laptop uses tunnelblick (an OpenVPN GUI) and the Mac Desktops use OpenVPN in normal command line mode. Server Config: tun-mtu 1500 fragment 1450 mssfix 1450 management localhost #### port #### proto udp dev tun ca ####### cert ####### key ###### dh ###### server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt client-config-dir ccd route 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.252 client-to-client keepalive 10 120 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun status openvpn-status log Client Configs (all are simple variations on this) tun-mtu 1500 fragment 1450 mssfix 1450 client dev tun proto udp remote ######## #### resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key presist-tun ca ##### cert ##### key ##### ns-cert-type server comp-lzo verb 3

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• Tracking down rogue disk usage

  - by Amadan

  I found several other questions regarding the theory behind my problem (e.g. this, this), but I don't know how to apply the answers to my machine. # du -hsx / 11000283 / # df -kT / Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/csisv13-root ext4 516032952 361387456 128432532 74% / There is a big difference between 11G (du) and 345G (df). Where are the remaining 334G? It's not in deleted files. There was only one, it was short, and I truncated it just in case. This is what remains: # lsof -a +L1 / COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NLINK NODE NAME zabbix_ag 4902 zabbix 1w REG 252,0 0 0 28836028 /var/log/zabbix-agent/zabbix_agentd.log.1 (deleted) zabbix_ag 4902 zabbix 2w REG 252,0 0 0 28836028 /var/log/zabbix-agent/zabbix_agentd.log.1 (deleted) zabbix_ag 4906 zabbix 1w REG 252,0 0 0 28836028 /var/log/zabbix-agent/zabbix_agentd.log.1 (deleted) zabbix_ag 4906 zabbix 2w REG 252,0 0 0 28836028 /var/log/zabbix-agent/zabbix_agentd.log.1 (deleted) zabbix_ag 4907 zabbix 1w REG 252,0 0 0 28836028 /var/log/zabbix-agent/zabbix_agentd.log.1 (deleted) zabbix_ag 4907 zabbix 2w REG 252,0 0 0 28836028 /var/log/zabbix-agent/zabbix_agentd.log.1 (deleted) zabbix_ag 4908 zabbix 1w REG 252,0 0 0 28836028 /var/log/zabbix-agent/zabbix_agentd.log.1 (deleted) zabbix_ag 4908 zabbix 2w REG 252,0 0 0 28836028 /var/log/zabbix-agent/zabbix_agentd.log.1 (deleted) zabbix_ag 4909 zabbix 1w REG 252,0 0 0 28836028 /var/log/zabbix-agent/zabbix_agentd.log.1 (deleted) zabbix_ag 4909 zabbix 2w REG 252,0 0 0 28836028 /var/log/zabbix-agent/zabbix_agentd.log.1 (deleted) zabbix_ag 4910 zabbix 1w REG 252,0 0 0 28836028 /var/log/zabbix-agent/zabbix_agentd.log.1 (deleted) zabbix_ag 4910 zabbix 2w REG 252,0 0 0 28836028 /var/log/zabbix-agent/zabbix_agentd.log.1 (deleted) I rebooted to see if fsck does anything. But, from /var/log/boot.log, it seems there are no issues: /dev/mapper/server-root: clean, 3936097/32768000 files, 125368568/131064832 blocks Thinking maybe someone overzealously reserved root space, I checked the master record: # tune2fs -l /dev/mapper/server-root tune2fs 1.42 (29-Nov-2011) Filesystem volume name: <none> Last mounted on: / Filesystem UUID: 86430ade-cea7-46ce-979c-41769a41ecbe Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53 Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic) Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype needs_recovery extent flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash Default mount options: user_xattr acl Filesystem state: clean Errors behavior: Continue Filesystem OS type: Linux Inode count: 32768000 Block count: 131064832 Reserved block count: 6553241 Free blocks: 5696264 Free inodes: 28831903 First block: 0 Block size: 4096 Fragment size: 4096 Reserved GDT blocks: 992 Blocks per group: 32768 Fragments per group: 32768 Inodes per group: 8192 Inode blocks per group: 512 Flex block group size: 16 Filesystem created: Fri Feb 1 13:44:04 2013 Last mount time: Tue Aug 19 16:56:13 2014 Last write time: Fri Feb 1 13:51:28 2013 Mount count: 9 Maximum mount count: -1 Last checked: Fri Feb 1 13:44:04 2013 Check interval: 0 (<none>) Lifetime writes: 1215 GB Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root) Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root) First inode: 11 Inode size: 256 Required extra isize: 28 Desired extra isize: 28 Journal inode: 8 First orphan inode: 28836028 Default directory hash: half_md4 Directory Hash Seed: bca55ff5-f530-48d1-8347-25c004f66d43 Journal backup: inode blocks The system is: # uname -a Linux server 3.2.0-67-generic #101-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 15 17:46:11 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux # cat /etc/lsb-release DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu DISTRIB_RELEASE=12.04 DISTRIB_CODENAME=precise DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS" Does anyone have any tips on what exactly to do to find and hopefully reclaim the missing space?

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