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• Why "./" is used to run ".sh" scripts in Unix? [duplicate]

  - by user283502

  This question already has an answer here: Why do I need to type `./` before executing a program in the current directory? 10 answers I am executing a .sh script today. It is executed with prefix "./.sh,I am a bit confuse because it is also executed without ./.but why this is required to use ./ Could you please explain me that why ./ is used to run .sh scripts?

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• Pay For Performance of Your SEO Experts

  Search Engine Optimization, or SEO as it is popularly known the world over, is now amply discussed topic. What is SEO, is it useful, how is it useful, what are the advantages of SEO, how SEO is done, who does the SEO, what sources are required for SEO, what not to do in SEO - all these questions about SEO have been discussed in detail and supposedly detailed answers have been obtained about each of them.

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• Even Beginners Can Build a Commercial Website With WordPress Themes

  In years gone by, building a website was extremely time consuming and often required a good bit of technical knowledge. Although there was an assortment of templates out there, it really was necessary to know HTML in order to customize a site, especially if that site was for eCommerce.

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• JQuery Validation [migrated]

  - by user41354

  Im trying to get my form to validate...so basically its working, but a little bit too well, I have two text boxes, one is a start date, the other an end date in the format of mm/dd/yyyy if the start date is greater than the end date...there is an error if the end date is less than the start date...there is an error if the start date is less than today's date...there is an error The only thing is when I correct the error, the error warning is still there...here is my code: dates.change(function () { var testDate = $(this).val(); var otherDate = dates.not(this).val(); var now = new Date(); now.setHours(0, 0, 0, 0); // Pass Dates if (testDate != '' && new Date(testDate) < now) { addError($(this)); $('.flightDateError').text('* Dates cannot be earlier than today.'); isValid = false; return; } // Required Text if ($(this).hasClass("FromCal") && testDate == '') { addError($(this)); $('.flightDateError').text('* Required'); isValid = false; return; } // Validate Date if (!isValidDate(testDate)) { // $(this).addClass('validation_error_input'); addError($(this)); $('.flightDateError').text('* Invalid Date'); isValid = false; return; } else { // $(this).removeClass('validation_error_input'); removeError($(this)); if (!dates.not(this).hasClass('validation_error_input')) $('.flightDateError').text(' '); } // Validate Date Ranges if ($(this).val() != '' && dates.not(this).val != '') { if ($(this).hasClass("FromCal")) { if (new Date(testDate) > new Date(otherDate)) { addError($(this)); $('.flightDateError').text('* Start date must be earlier than end date.'); isValid = false; return; } } else{ if (new Date(testDate) < new Date(otherDate)) { addError($(this)); $('.flightDateError').text('* End date must be later than start date.'); return; } } } }); The main Issue is this part, I believe // Validate Date Ranges if ($(this).val() != '' && dates.not(this).val != '') { if ($(this).hasClass("FromCal")) { if (new Date(testDate) > new Date(otherDate)) { addError($(this)); $('.flightDateError').text('* Start date must be earlier than end date.'); isValid = false; return; } } else{ if (new Date(testDate) < new Date(otherDate)) { addError($(this)); $('.flightDateError').text('* End date must be later than start date.'); return; } } } testDate is the start date otherDate is the end date Thanks in advanced, J

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• Generating Backlinks Quickly

  Generating backlinks quickly is generally required when a site is fresh, new, and requiring indexing. Follow these simple, and generally quick steps to get the ball rolling. These backlinks will prove beneficial to your overall SEO efforts.

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• How to Improve Search Engine Rankings

  There are those who tend to think that search engine optimization is required to be a skilled task that really does not require a great deal of time and commitment for it to be successful. This could be wrong. Search Engine Optimization is a process that helps achieve high ranks in the search engines so that the website can be relevant in search terms.

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• Internet Search Engine Placement

  If you are in an endeavor to promote your website and online business activity transactions, you are required to have a reputable SEO placement and optimized search engine ranking to attain the targeted visitors. Search engine visibilities could open doors for all such individuals to chose and find your website amidst other related websites.

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• What is SEO?

  This article serves as an explanation of the basics of search engine optimization (SEO). It identifies some key components that are required to achieve good results in SEO.

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• Windows Backup failed as another backup or recovery is in progress.

  - by remunda

  Hi, i have set up backup schedule on our server. SQL Server 2008 to 01:00am on windows server 2008 R2 to 4:00am. Sql backup runs well, but system backup ends sometimes with error. The error is : http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd364768%28WS.10%29.aspx I mean, that is caused by SQL Server, because it unexpectedly runs backup. this is from sql server log (it runs for every database): Date 4.2.2010 4:00:21 Log SQL Server (Current - 29.1.2010 23:25:00) Source spid72 Message I/O is frozen on database master. No user action is required. However, if I/O is not resumed promptly, you could cancel the backup. and Date 4.2.2010 4:00:24 Log SQL Server (Current - 29.1.2010 23:25:00) Source Backup Message Database backed up. Database: master, creation date(time): 2010/01/29(23:25:32), pages dumped: 370, first LSN: 859:56:37, last LSN: 859:80:1, number of dump devices: 1, device information: (FILE=1, TYPE=VIRTUAL_DEVICE: {'{17B91D5C-9968-4D11-A7F1-1A31523D32F0}25'}). This is an informational message only. No user action is required. My questions is: Why runs sql backup with windows backup? How can i dissolve this that errors? Thank you a lot.

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• How do I host node.js apps with pm2 without running them as root?

  - by jishi

  I have setup pm2 to run a node.js application, and I can successfully start it and it will resurrect upon reboot. However, the pm2 daemon is ran as root, which makes me think that all my node-scripts also runs as root? Even though I added them as a regular user in the system. The log files and stuff is created in the users home dir, /~/.pm2/logs, but the logs are owned by root. when I invoke pm2 startup (which handles the installation of the init.d script etc), it creates /etc/init.d/pm2-init.sh which looks like this: #!/bin/bash # chkconfig: 2345 98 02 # # description: PM2 next gen process manager for Node.js # processname: pm2 # ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: pm2 # Required-Start: # Required-Stop: # Should-Start: # Should-Stop: # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: PM2 init script # Description: PM2 is the next gen process manager for Node.js ### END INIT INFO NAME=pm2 PM2=/usr/local/lib/node_modules/pm2/bin/pm2 NODE=/usr/local/bin/node export HOME="/root" start() { echo "Starting $NAME" $NODE $PM2 stopAll $NODE $PM2 resurrect } stop() { $NODE $PM2 dump $NODE $PM2 stopAll } restart() { echo "Restarting $NAME" stop start } status() { echo "Status for $NAME:" $NODE $PM2 list RETVAL=$? } case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; status) status ;; restart) restart ;; *) echo "Usage: {start|stop|status|restart}" exit 1 ;; esac exit $RETVAL When I dump the processes (which is what it will use when resurrecting the processes), I see mentions of user "USER":"pi" but I don't think that it's actually run as user pi. Any thoughts?

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• SSL certificates work fine from command line but fails in script

  - by jrallison

  I'm trying to setup email notifications for my continuous integration server. I have a script which uses nail to send the email when the build works: #!/bin/bash echo "Build Worked!" | nail -A myisp -s 'Build Success' [email protected] When I run this from the command line with sh build-worked, it works and I receive the email. However, when I start the continuous integration server which executes the same script, I get the following error: nail: /opt/bitnami/common/lib/libssl.so.0.9.8: no version information available (required by nail) nail: /opt/bitnami/common/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8: no version information available (required by nail) Error with certificate at depth: 0 issuer = /C=ZA/ST=Western Cape/L=Cape Town/O=Thawte Consulting cc/OU=Certification Services Division/CN=Thawte Premium Server CA/[email protected] subject = /C=US/ST=California/L=Mountain View/O=Google Inc/CN=smtp.gmail.com err 20: unable to get local issuer certificate Continue (y/n)? could not initiate SSL/TLS connection: error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed . . . message not sent. I must be messing some configuration, any ideas?

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• Why isn't MediaWiki loading?

  - by E L

  I recently set up MediaWiki on an Apache server with PostgreSQL. It installed successfully. However, when I try to access the website, I get a blank page. The error log reports the following. [error] PHP Fatal error: require_once(): Failed opening required '/var/www/mediawiki-1.19.2/LocalSettings.php' (include_path='.:/usr/share/pear:/usr/share/php') in /var/www/mediawiki-1.19.2/includes/WebStart.php on line 134 [error] PHP Warning: require_once(/var/www/mediawiki-1.19.2/LocalSettings.php): failed to open stream: Permission denied in /var/www/mediawiki-1.19.2/includes/WebStart.php on line 134 [error] PHP Fatal error: require_once(): Failed opening required '/var/www/mediawiki-1.19.2/LocalSettings.php' (include_path='.:/usr/share/pear:/usr/share/php') in /var/www/mediawiki-1.19.2/includes/WebStart.php on line 134 I've seen other people with similar problems and the solutions have involved using chmod on LocalSettings.php to 644 or in other cases 755. Others have said using chown to make LocalSettings match the Apache user, which is just 'apache' in my case. None of these solutions have worked for me. Does anyone have other suggestions or maybe I missed something?

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• VSFTPD does not allow upload with virtual users

  - by Mr. Squig

  I am attempting to setup VSFTPD with virtual users on a server running Ubuntu 12.04. I have configured the server to allow for virtual users to login, but I am having trouble getting it to allow uploads. My vsftpd.conf is as follows: listen=YES anonymous_enable=NO local_enable=YES write_enable=YES local_umask=022 anon_upload_enable=YES dirmessage_enable=YES use_localtime=YES xferlog_enable=YES connect_from_port_20=YES chroot_local_user=YES virtual_use_local_privs=YES guest_enable=YES guest_username=virtual user_sub_token=$USER local_root=/var/www/$USER hide_ids=YES secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty pam_service_name=vsftpd rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/private/vsftpd.pem /etc/pam.d/vsftpd contains: auth required pam_pwdfile.so pwdfile /etc/vsftpd.passwd crypt=hash account required pam_permit.so crypt=hash I have two virtual users set up, one of which has the same name as a local user. They each have a directory in /var/www/ owned by 'virtual'. As I understand it, when a virtual user logs in this way they will appear to the system as the user virtual. Using this configuration user can log on, but cannot upload files. The error given in /var/log/vsftpd.log is: Tue Nov 20 19:49:00 2012 [pid 2] CONNECT: Client "96.233.116.53" Tue Nov 20 19:49:07 2012 [pid 1] [zac] OK LOGIN: Client "96.233.116.53" Tue Nov 20 19:49:11 2012 [pid 2] CONNECT: Client "96.233.116.53" Tue Nov 20 19:49:11 2012 [pid 1] [zac] OK LOGIN: Client "96.233.116.53" Tue Nov 20 19:49:11 2012 [pid 3] [zac] FAIL CHMOD: Client "96.233.116.53", "/test.ppm 644" I have tried changing the permissions of these directories in all sorts of ways, but nothing seem to work. I have a feeling that it is something simple related to permissions. Any ideas?

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• nginx does not use variables set in /etc/environment on system reboot, but does when restarted from shell

  - by Dave Nolan

  I have a Rails app running on nginx/passenger. It restarts happily in a shell using sudo /etc/init.d/nginx stop|start|restart. But Passenger throws an error when the system is rebooted: "Missing the Rails #{version} gem". But GEM_HOME and GEM_PATH are both set in /etc/environment so surely they would be available to all processes during reboot? /etc/environment PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/games" GEM_HOME=/var/lib/gems/1.8 GEM_PATH=/var/lib/gems/1.8 /etc/init.d/nginx #! /bin/sh ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: nginx # Required-Start: $all # Required-Stop: $all # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: starts the nginx web server # Description: starts nginx using start-stop-daemon ### END INIT INFO PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin DAEMON=/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx NAME=nginx DESC=nginx test -x $DAEMON || exit 0 # Include nginx defaults if available if [ -f /etc/default/nginx ] ; then . /etc/default/nginx fi set -e case "$1" in start) echo -n "Starting $DESC: " start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile /var/log/nginx/$NAME.pid \ --exec $DAEMON -- $DAEMON_OPTS echo "$NAME." ;; stop) echo -n "Stopping $DESC: " start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile /var/log/nginx/$NAME.pid \ --exec $DAEMON echo "$NAME." ;; restart|force-reload) echo -n "Restarting $DESC: " start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile \ /var/log/nginx/$NAME.pid --exec $DAEMON sleep 1 start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile \ /var/log/nginx/$NAME.pid --exec $DAEMON -- $DAEMON_OPTS echo "$NAME." ;; reload) echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration: " start-stop-daemon --stop --signal HUP --quiet --pidfile /var/log/nginx/$NAME.pid \ --exec $DAEMON echo "$NAME." ;; *) N=/etc/init.d/$NAME echo "Usage: $N {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2 exit 1 ;; esac exit 0 $ opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -v nginx version: nginx/0.7.67 Ubuntu lucid

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• pam debugging "check pass; user unknown"

  - by lvc

  I am attempting to get Prosody authenticating with its auth_pam module. It is configured to use the pam service name xmpp. The pam.d/xmpp file is copied straight from the one configured for dovecot (originally taken from, I think, dovecot's documentation), which is known to be working: # cat /etc/pam.d/xmpp auth required pam_unix.so nullok debug account required pam_unix.so debug Logging in with dovecot works wonderfully. Logging in with prosody, with exactly the same username and password, causes Prosody to return 'Not authorized', and the following in journalctl -f: Oct 29 22:12:14 riscque.net prosody[9396]: c2s1d010b0: Client sent opening <stream:stream> to riscque.net Oct 29 22:12:14 riscque.net prosody[9396]: c2s1d010b0: Sent reply <stream:stream> to client Oct 29 22:12:14 riscque.net prosody[9396]: [178B blob data] Oct 29 22:12:14 riscque.net unix_chkpwd[9408]: check pass; user unknown Oct 29 22:12:14 riscque.net prosody[9396]: pam_unix(xmpp:auth): conversation failed Oct 29 22:12:14 riscque.net prosody[9396]: pam_unix(xmpp:auth): unable to obtain a password Oct 29 22:12:14 riscque.net prosody[9396]: pam_unix(xmpp:auth): auth could not identify password for [lvc] Oct 29 22:12:14 riscque.net prosody[9396]: riscque.net:saslauth: sasl reply: <failure xmlns='urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-sasl'><not-authorized/><text>Unable to authorize you with the authentication credentials you&apos;ve sent.</text></failure> This series of errors seems mutually contradictory - first it says "user unknown", but then that it can't obtain the password for lvc - this username certainly exists on the system. What is likely going on here, and how would I debug this further?

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• Nginx with PAM authentication through pam_script

  - by Envek

  Have anyone set up such a configuration? It's not work for me. So, I've installed nginx-extras on Ubuntu 12.04 (it's built with PAM module), and write to site config: location ^~ /restricted_place/ { auth_pam "Please specify login and password from main_site"; auth_pam_service_name "nginx"; } Afterwards, in /etc/pam.d/nginx: auth required pam_script.so dir=/path/to/my/auth_scripts And wrote simplest /path/to/my/auth_scripts/pam_script_auth (also I've tried to write complicated scripts) #!/bin/sh exit 0 # should allow anyone Doesn't work. The script is launched (I've wrote full functional script, that successfully executes, check credentials, writes to its own log and returns correct exit code, and executes noticeably long). But no access granted. Only rejected. In /var/log/nginx/error.log appears next record: 2012/09/13 10:44:42 [alert] 1666#0: waitpid() failed (10: No child processes) If I'm specify in /etc/pam.d/nginx: auth required pam_unix.so and grant for www-data user right to read /etc/shadow, unix authorization works fine. But script auth doesn't work. Can't understand, where is trouble. In nginx module, or in pam_script module.

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• PXE bootable image for terminal server?

  - by HeavenCore

  We have 300 windows xp machines on cruddy old hardware across the company. With extended support for XP ending April next year we're looking into our options. Couple of options: Replace the 300 PC's with full windows 7 PC's (£100k +?) - no use of terminal server (our current model) Replace the 300 PC's with off the shelf thin clients & make use of our terminal server - Cheaper clients but Terminal Server CALS required? Keep the 300 PC's, replace windows XP with linux thin client capable of connecting to our terminal server - no hardware costs, just Terminal Server CALS required? Keep the 300 PC's - remove hard drives and make use of a PXE bootable "thin client" to connect to our terminal server If we were to choose option 4, what our the options out there? Is there any official PXE bootable thin clients for terminal server out there? If so, what are the licence requirements? Is there options we haven’t considered? There must be lots of companies out there in this situation - curious what the current trend is for this problem? Edit: Option 5 - Create a bootable Windows PE image with RDP auto start and use that as a "thin client" for our terminal server - is Windows PE licence free in such a model?

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• How to setup equivalent USVIDEO.ORG DNS-Proxy on Linux

  - by Gary

  I have a VPS in the USA running Ubuntu. I want to setup something similar to http://www.usvideo.org Basically, USVIDEO is a DNS service that allows Canadians to access American content like Hulu, Netflix, NBC, and etc (restricted by geographical IP). Here is how I think USVideo does it: Clients (PS3, XBOX, PC) specifies the DNS server(s) as specified on USVIDEO.org's website. If the DNS request is a video/audio site such as Netflix or Pandora, forward the request to a proxy. Otherwise, for all other requests, forward it to a different DNS server. If the specific video/audio URL is requested, return the address of the proxy server, which in turn relays traffic to the destination video/audio domain via the U.S. gateway so that it appears that the access is coming from a U.S. IP address. Once the DNS request has passed the U.S. IP address check, their proxy server steps out of the loop and lets the video streaming site contact you directly to start the video stream. This trick relies on the way that the video streaming sites check the country of your IP address once up front, but don't actually check the country of the destination IP address while the video is streaming. What is elegant about this solution is that a VPN Tunnel is not required to bypass geographical IP checks from certain websites. All that is required on the client side is to specify the DNS server (the VPS). If a certain site is geographically locked, just forward the traffic to a proxy, and that's it. These sites can be specified in the DNS entries, or perhaps in the proxy service to redirect the DNS request to its own proxy. I believe what I need to setup something similar is Squid Proxy, IPTables, and DNS. What I need help is how to exactly approach this? Would Squid Proxy be setup as a transparent proxy?

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• Editing a windows XP installation's registry without being able to log in.

  - by Alain

  I've got a windows XP installation that has a corrupt registry. A worm (which was removed) had hijacked the HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon entry (which should have a value of Userinit=C:\windows\system32\userinit.exe When the worm was removed, the corrupt entry was deleted entirely, and now the system automatically logs off immediately after attempting to log in. Regardless of the user and boot mode, no accounts can be logged in to. The only thing required to correct this behavior is to restore the registry key, but I cannot come up with any ways of editing the registry without logging in to an account. I tried remotely connecting to the registry but the required services aren't enabled on the machine. I tried booting on the same machine using the BartPE boot CD but I could not find any way of editing the registry on the C:\Windows installation - running regedit only modifies the X:\I386\ registry in memory. So, what can I use modify the registry of an un-login-able Windows XP instance so that I can log in again? Thanks guys. EDIT: The fix worked. The solution to the auto-logoff problem was, as hoped, to simply add the value mentioned above to the appropriate registry entry. This can be done using the BartPE Boot CD, as described in the accepted answer below, but I used the Offline NT Registry Editor software mentioned in another answer. The steps were: Boot from the NT Registry Editor CD Follow the directions until the appropriate boot sector is loaded. Instead of using one of the default options for modifying passwords or user accounts, type "software" to edit that hive. Type '9' to enter the command line based registry editor. Type "cd Microsoft" (enter) "cd Windows NT" (enter) "cd CurrentVersion" (enter) "cd Winlogon" (enter) Type "nv 1 Userinit" to create a new value under the Winlogon key Type "ev Userinit" to edit the new value, and when prompted, type "C:\windows\system32\userinit.exe" (enter) Type 'q' to quit the registry editor, and as you back out of the system, follow directions to write the hive back to disk. Restart your computer and log in - problem solved. (generic 'warning: back up your registry' disclaimer)

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• OpenLDAP, howto allow both secure (TLS) and unsecure (normal) connections?

  - by Mikael Roos

  Installed OpenLDAP 2.4 on FreeBSD 8.1. It works for ordinary connections OR for TLS connections. I can change it by (un)commenting the following lines in slapd.conf. # Enable TLS #security ssf=128 # Disable TLS security ssf=0 Is there a way to allow the clients to connect using TLS OR no-TLS? Can the ldap-server be configured to support both TLS connections and no-TLS connections? Tried to find the information in the manual, but failed: http://www.openldap.org/doc/admin24/access-control.html#Granting%20and%20Denying%20access%20based%20on%20security%20strength%20factors%20(ssf) http://www.openldap.org/doc/admin24/tls.html#Server%20Configuration Tried to read up on 'security' in manualpage for ldap.conf, didn't find the info there either. I guess I need to configure the 'secure' with some negotiation mechanism, "try to use TLS if client has it, otherwise continue using no-TLS". Connecting with a client (when slapd.conf is configure to use TLS): gm# ldapsearch -x -b '' -s base '(objectclass=*)' namingContexts ldap_bind: Confidentiality required (13) additional info: TLS confidentiality required gm# ldapsearch -Z -x -b '' -s base '(objectclass=*)' namingContexts (this works, -Z makes a TLS connection) So, can I have my ldap-server supporting client connections using TLS and ordinary (no-TLS) connections? Thanx in advance.

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• update all the servers through one virtual servers using Storage are network virtual machine

  - by Mr.Calm

  Using UBUNTU and Virtal Box by Oracle, and Using this script to start nginx in Virtual Box, and placing it in Virtual box inside~/init.d #!/bin/bash ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: Testinit # Required-Start: # Required-Stop: # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: Start daemon at boot time # Description: Enable service provided by daemon. ### END INIT INFO # RETVAL=0; start() { CurrentTime=$(date +%d/%m/%Y"-"%I:%M:%S) ./usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx echo "Current Time:"$CurrentTime>>/home/server/Desktop/NginxLogs.txt echo "!Starting nginx!" >>/home/server/Desktop/NginxLogs.txt Like this i want to write auto script (setup.sh file) and place that script in all virtual boxes inside my system, for example 8 virtual boxes and in all Virtual boxes NGINX is installed. Now, The thing is i am facing problem when i want change something in setup.sh i have to go to each and every virtual box, or Communicate each Virtual machine through SSH from my main machine. i am thinking to write another script (ex: Update.sh),and inside that script we give one path of file which is saved and recently edited in main machine (ex: DummySetup.sh). as soon as i run that script all the setup.sh files which are saved in each virtual machines should update the change or replace contents with DummySetup.sh's contents. Hope this is possible thing. Help would be appreciated.Thanking you

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• How to write re-usable puppet definitions?

  - by Oliver Probst

  I'd like to write a puppet manifest to install and configure an application on target servers. Parts of this manifest shall be re-usable. Thus I used define for defining my re-usable functionality. Doing so, I've always the problem that there are parts of the definition which are not re-usable. A simple example is a bunch of configuration files to be created. These file must be placed in the same directory. This directory must be created only once. Example: nodes.pp node 'myNode.in.a.domain' { mymodule::addconfig {'configfile1.xml': param => 'somevalue', } mymodule::addconfig {'configfile2.xml': param => 'someothervalue', } } mymodule.pp define mymodule::addconfig ($param) { $config_dir = "/the/directory/" #ensure that directory exits: file { $config_dir: ensure => directory, } #create the configuration file: file { $name: path => "${config_dir}/${name}" content => template('a_template.erb'), require => File[$config_dir], } } This example will fail, because now the resource file {$config_dir: is defined twice. As far as I understood, it is required to extract these parts into a class. Then it looks like this: nodes.pp node 'myNode.in.a.domain' { class { 'mymodule::createConfigurationDirectory': } mymodule::addconfig {'configfile1.xml': param => 'somevalue', require => Class ['mymodule::createConfigurationDirectory'], } mymodule::addconfig {'configfile2.xml': param => 'someothervalue', require => Class ['mymodule::createConfigurationDirectory'], } } But this makes my interface hard use. Every user of my module has to know, that there is a class which is additionally required. For this simple use case the additional class might be acceptable. But with growing module complexity (lots of definitions) I'm a bit afraid of confusing the modules user. So I'd like to know is there a better way to handle this dependencies. Ideally, classes like createConfigurationDirectory are hidden from the user of the modules api. Or are there some other "Best Practices"/Patterns handling such dependencies?

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• How to start a s3ql script automatically on boot?

  - by ks78

  I've been experimenting with s3ql on Ubuntu 10.04, using it to mount Amazon S3 buckets. However, I'd really like it to mount them automatically. Does anyone know how to do that? I've been working on a script, which works when its run from from the commandline, but for some reason I can't get it to run automatically on boot. Does anyone have any ideas? Here's my script: #! /bin/sh # /etc/init.d/s3ql # ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: s3ql # Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog # Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: Start daemon at boot time # Description: Enable service provided by daemon. ### END INIT INFO case "$1" in start) # Redirect stdout and stderr into the system log DIR=$(mktemp -d) mkfifo "$DIR/LOG_FIFO" logger -t s3ql -p local0.info < "$DIR/LOG_FIFO" & exec > "$DIR/LOG_FIFO" exec 2>&1 rm -rf "$DIR" modprobe fuse fsck.s3ql --batch s3://mybucket exec mount.s3ql --allow-other s3://mybucket /mnt/s3fs ;; stop) umount.s3ql /mnt/s3fs ;; *) echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/s3ql{start|stop}" exit 1 ;; esac exit 0

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• SpamAssassin bayesian score discrepancies

  - by CaptSaltyJack

  This makes my brain hurt. For some reason, SpamAssassin is giving high scores to certain emails, but when I test them on the command line, they get a low score. This one particular email has this in the header: X-Spam-Flag: YES X-Spam-Score: 8.521 X-Spam-Level: ******** X-Spam-Status: Yes, score=8.521 tagged_above=-9999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_99=3.5, BAYES_999=0.2, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, NO_RECEIVED=-0.001, NO_RELAYS=-0.001, RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_51_100=0.5, RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_E8_51_100=1.886, RAZOR2_CHECK=0.922, URIBL_RHS_DOB=1.514] autolearn=no Yet when I dump the raw email into a file msg and run sudo su amavis -c 'spamassassin -t msg', I get this output: Content analysis details: (3.8 points, 5.0 required) pts rule name description ---- ---------------------- -------------------------------------------------- 1.5 URIBL_RHS_DOB Contains an URI of a new domain (Day Old Bread) [URIs: cliobeads.com] -1.0 ALL_TRUSTED Passed through trusted hosts only via SMTP 0.0 HTML_MESSAGE BODY: HTML included in message -0.0 BAYES_20 BODY: Bayes spam probability is 5 to 20% [score: 0.1855] 1.9 RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_E8_51_100 Razor2 gives engine 8 confidence level above 50% [cf: 100] 0.5 RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_51_100 Razor2 gives confidence level above 50% [cf: 100] 0.9 RAZOR2_CHECK Listed in Razor2 (http://razor.sf.net/) I'm really confused as to why when the email comes in, it gets a completely different score attached to it than when I run spamassassin -t. Is there some other way I should be testing emails? Also, my users have the ability to drag false positives into a folder called "False Positives," and every day a cron job fires off that runs this on every message in every user's folder: sa-learn --dbpath=/var/lib/amavis/.spamassassin --ham /tmp/*-*.eml >/dev/null I ran sudo locate bayes_toks and there's definitely only one bayes DB on the system, in /var/lib/amavis/.spamassassin. I'm clueless, any help would be great and may help restore my sanity!

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• PostgreSQL continuous archiving not running archive_command

  - by Whatsit

  I've been trying to set up continuous archiving for a simple, test PostgreSQL 9.0 database, as per the documentation. In postgres.conf I've set: wal_level = archive archive_mode = on archive_command = 'touch /home/myusername/backup/testtouch' archive_timeout = 30s ...and restarted PostgreSQL. The file listed by touch never appears. I can manually run the touch command and it works as expected. If I try to create a backup, it waits forever for the archive_command. In psql; postgres=# SELECT pg_start_backup('touchtest'); pg_start_backup ----------------- 0/14000020 (1 row) postgres=# SELECT pg_stop_backup(); NOTICE: pg_stop_backup cleanup done, waiting for required WAL segments to be archived WARNING: pg_stop_backup still waiting for all required WAL segments to be archived (60 seconds elapsed) HINT: Check that your archive_command is executing properly. pg_stop_backup can be cancelled safely, but the database backup will not be usable without all the WAL segments. What would cause this? How can I troubleshoot it? Additional info: Running on CentOS 5.4. PostgreSQL 9.0.2 installed as root.

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