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  • Is there a canonical source supporting "all-surrogates"?

    - by user61852
    Background The "all-PK-must-be-surrogates" approach is not present in Codd's Relational Model or any SQL Standard (ANSI, ISO or other). Canonical books seems to elude this restrictions too. Oracle's own data dictionary scheme uses natural keys in some tables and surrogate keys in other tables. I mention this because these people must know a thing or two about RDBMS design. PPDM (Professional Petroleum Data Management Association) recommend the same canonical books do: Use surrogate keys as primary keys when: There are no natural or business keys Natural or business keys are bad ( change often ) The value of natural or business key is not known at the time of inserting record Multicolumn natural keys ( usually several FK ) exceed three columns, which makes joins too verbose. Also I have not found canonical source that says natural keys need to be immutable. All I find is that they need to be very estable, i.e need to be changed only in very rare ocassions, if ever. I mention PPDM because these people must know a thing or two about RDBMS design too. The origins of the "all-surrogates" approach seems to come from recommendations from some ORM frameworks. It's true that the approach allows for rapid database modeling by not having to do much business analysis, but at the expense of maintainability and readability of the SQL code. Much prevision is made for something that may or may not happen in the future ( the natural PK changed so we will have to use the RDBMS cascade update funtionality ) at the expense of day-to-day task like having to join more tables in every query and having to write code for importing data between databases, an otherwise very strightfoward procedure (due to the need to avoid PK colisions and having to create stage/equivalence tables beforehand ). Other argument is that indexes based on integers are faster, but that has to be supported with benchmarks. Obviously, long, varying varchars are not good for PK. But indexes based on short, fix-length varchar are almost as fast as integers. The questions - Is there any canonical source that supports the "all-PK-must-be-surrogates" approach ? - Has Codd's relational model been superceded by a newer relational model ?

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  • CCSpriteHole in cocos2d 2.0?

    - by rakkarage
    i was using this cocos2d class CCSpriteHole in cocos2d 1.0 fine... http://jpsarda.tumblr.com/post/15779708304/new-cocos2d-iphone-extensions-a-progress-bar-and-a i am trying to convert it to cocos2d 2.0... i got it to compile by changing glVertexPointer to glVertexAttribPointer like in the 2.0 version of CCSpriteScale9 here http://jpsarda.tumblr.com/post/9162433577/scale9grid-for-cocos2d and changing contentSizeInPixels_ to contentSize_... -(id) init { if( (self=[super init]) ) { opacityModifyRGB_ = YES; opacity_ = 255; color_ = colorUnmodified_ = ccWHITE; capSize=capSizeInPixels=CGSizeZero; //Not used blendFunc_.src = CC_BLEND_SRC; blendFunc_.dst = CC_BLEND_DST; // update texture (calls updateBlendFunc) [self setTexture:nil]; // default transform anchor anchorPoint_ = ccp(0.5f, 0.5f); vertexDataCount=24; vertexData = (ccV2F_C4F_T2F*) malloc(vertexDataCount * sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F)); [self setTextureRectInPixels:CGRectZero untrimmedSize:CGSizeZero]; } return self; } -(id) initWithTexture:(CCTexture2D*)texture rect:(CGRect)rect { NSAssert(texture!=nil, @"Invalid texture for sprite"); // IMPORTANT: [self init] and not [super init]; if( (self = [self init]) ) { [self setTexture:texture]; [self setTextureRect:rect]; } return self; } -(id) initWithTexture:(CCTexture2D*)texture { NSAssert(texture!=nil, @"Invalid texture for sprite"); CGRect rect = CGRectZero; rect.size = texture.contentSize; return [self initWithTexture:texture rect:rect]; } -(id) initWithFile:(NSString*)filename { NSAssert(filename!=nil, @"Invalid filename for sprite"); CCTexture2D *texture = [[CCTextureCache sharedTextureCache] addImage: filename]; if( texture ) return [self initWithTexture:texture]; return nil; } +(id)spriteWithFile:(NSString*)f { return [[self alloc] initWithFile:f]; } - (void) dealloc { if (vertexData) free(vertexData); } -(void) updateColor { ccColor4F color4; color4.r=(float)color_.r/255.0f; color4.g=(float)color_.g/255.0f; color4.b=(float)color_.b/255.0f; color4.a=(float)opacity_/255.0f; for (int i=0; i<vertexDataCount; i++) { vertexData[i].colors=color4; } } -(void)updateTextureCoords:(CGRect)rect { CCTexture2D *tex = texture_; if(!tex) return; float atlasWidth = (float)tex.pixelsWide; float atlasHeight = (float)tex.pixelsHigh; float left,right,top,bottom; left = rect.origin.x/atlasWidth; right = left + rect.size.width/atlasWidth; top = rect.origin.y/atlasHeight; bottom = top + rect.size.height/atlasHeight; // // |/|/|/| // CGSize capTexCoordsSize=CGSizeMake(capSizeInPixels.width/atlasWidth, capSizeInPixels.height/atlasHeight); // From left to right //Top band // Left vertexData[0].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left,top}; vertexData[1].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; vertexData[2].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left+capTexCoordsSize.width,top}; vertexData[3].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left+capTexCoordsSize.width,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; // Center vertexData[4].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right-capTexCoordsSize.width,top}; vertexData[5].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right-capTexCoordsSize.width,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; // Right vertexData[6].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right,top}; vertexData[7].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; //Center band // Left vertexData[8].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; vertexData[9].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; vertexData[10].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left+capTexCoordsSize.width,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; vertexData[11].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left+capTexCoordsSize.width,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; // Center vertexData[12].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right-capTexCoordsSize.width,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; vertexData[13].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right-capTexCoordsSize.width,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; // Right vertexData[14].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; vertexData[15].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right,top+capTexCoordsSize.height}; //Bottom band //Left vertexData[16].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left,bottom}; vertexData[17].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; vertexData[18].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left+capTexCoordsSize.width,bottom}; vertexData[19].texCoords=(ccTex2F){left+capTexCoordsSize.width,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; // Center vertexData[20].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right-capTexCoordsSize.width,bottom}; vertexData[21].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right-capTexCoordsSize.width,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; // Right vertexData[22].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right,bottom}; vertexData[23].texCoords=(ccTex2F){right,bottom-capTexCoordsSize.height}; } -(void) updateVertices { float left=0; //-spriteSizeInPixels.width*0.5f; float right=left+contentSize_.width; float bottom=0; //-spriteSizeInPixels.height*0.5f; float top=bottom+contentSize_.height; float holeLeft=holeRect.origin.x*CC_CONTENT_SCALE_FACTOR(); float holeRight=holeLeft+holeRect.size.width*CC_CONTENT_SCALE_FACTOR(); float holeBottom=holeRect.origin.y*CC_CONTENT_SCALE_FACTOR(); float holeTop=holeBottom+holeRect.size.height*CC_CONTENT_SCALE_FACTOR(); // // |/|/|/| // // From left to right //Top band // Left vertexData[0].vertices=(ccVertex2F){left,top}; vertexData[1].vertices=(ccVertex2F){left,holeTop}; vertexData[2].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeLeft,top}; vertexData[3].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeLeft,holeTop}; // Center vertexData[4].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeRight,top}; vertexData[5].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeRight,holeTop}; // Right vertexData[6].vertices=(ccVertex2F){right,top}; vertexData[7].vertices=(ccVertex2F){right,holeTop}; //Center band // Left vertexData[8].vertices=(ccVertex2F){left,holeBottom}; vertexData[9].vertices=(ccVertex2F){left,holeTop}; vertexData[10].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeLeft,holeBottom}; vertexData[11].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeLeft,holeTop}; // Center vertexData[12].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeRight,holeBottom}; vertexData[13].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeRight,holeTop}; // Right vertexData[14].vertices=(ccVertex2F){right,holeBottom}; vertexData[15].vertices=(ccVertex2F){right,holeTop}; //Bottom band //Left vertexData[16].vertices=(ccVertex2F){left,bottom}; vertexData[17].vertices=(ccVertex2F){left,holeBottom}; vertexData[18].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeLeft,bottom}; vertexData[19].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeLeft,holeBottom}; // Center vertexData[20].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeRight,bottom}; vertexData[21].vertices=(ccVertex2F){holeRight,holeBottom}; // Right vertexData[22].vertices=(ccVertex2F){right,bottom}; vertexData[23].vertices=(ccVertex2F){right,holeBottom}; } -(void) setHole:(CGRect)r inRect:(CGRect)totalSurface { holeRect=r; self.contentSize=totalSurface.size; holeRect.origin=ccpSub(holeRect.origin,totalSurface.origin); CGPoint holeCenter=ccp(holeRect.origin.x+holeRect.size.width*0.5f,holeRect.origin.y+holeRect.size.height*0.5f); self.anchorPoint=ccp(holeCenter.x/contentSize_.width,holeCenter.y/contentSize_.height); //[self updateTextureCoords:rectInPixels_]; [self updateVertices]; [self updateColor]; } -(void) draw { BOOL newBlend = NO; if( blendFunc_.src != CC_BLEND_SRC || blendFunc_.dst != CC_BLEND_DST ) { newBlend = YES; glBlendFunc( blendFunc_.src, blendFunc_.dst ); } glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, [texture_ name]); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_Position, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[0].vertices); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_TexCoords, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[0].texCoords); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_Color, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[0].colors); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 8); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_Position, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[8].vertices); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_TexCoords, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[8].texCoords); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_Color, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[8].colors); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 8); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_Position, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[16].vertices); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_TexCoords, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[16].texCoords); glVertexAttribPointer(kCCVertexAttrib_Color, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(ccV2F_C4F_T2F), &vertexData[16].colors); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 8); if( newBlend ) glBlendFunc(CC_BLEND_SRC, CC_BLEND_DST); } -(void)setTextureRectInPixels:(CGRect)rect untrimmedSize:(CGSize)untrimmedSize { rectInPixels_ = rect; rect_ = CC_RECT_PIXELS_TO_POINTS( rect ); //[self setContentSizeInPixels:untrimmedSize]; [self updateTextureCoords:rectInPixels_]; } -(void)setTextureRect:(CGRect)rect { CGRect rectInPixels = CC_RECT_POINTS_TO_PIXELS( rect ); [self setTextureRectInPixels:rectInPixels untrimmedSize:rectInPixels.size]; } // // RGBA protocol // #pragma mark CCSpriteHole - RGBA protocol -(GLubyte) opacity { return opacity_; } -(void) setOpacity:(GLubyte) anOpacity { opacity_ = anOpacity; // special opacity for premultiplied textures if( opacityModifyRGB_ ) [self setColor: (opacityModifyRGB_ ? colorUnmodified_ : color_ )]; [self updateColor]; } - (ccColor3B) color { if(opacityModifyRGB_){ return colorUnmodified_; } return color_; } -(void) setColor:(ccColor3B)color3 { color_ = colorUnmodified_ = color3; if( opacityModifyRGB_ ){ color_.r = color3.r * opacity_/255; color_.g = color3.g * opacity_/255; color_.b = color3.b * opacity_/255; } [self updateColor]; } -(void) setOpacityModifyRGB:(BOOL)modify { ccColor3B oldColor = self.color; opacityModifyRGB_ = modify; self.color = oldColor; } -(BOOL) doesOpacityModifyRGB { return opacityModifyRGB_; } #pragma mark CCSpriteHole - CocosNodeTexture protocol -(void) updateBlendFunc { if( !texture_ || ! [texture_ hasPremultipliedAlpha] ) { blendFunc_.src = GL_SRC_ALPHA; blendFunc_.dst = GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA; [self setOpacityModifyRGB:NO]; } else { blendFunc_.src = CC_BLEND_SRC; blendFunc_.dst = CC_BLEND_DST; [self setOpacityModifyRGB:YES]; } } -(void) setTexture:(CCTexture2D*)texture { // accept texture==nil as argument NSAssert( !texture || [texture isKindOfClass:[CCTexture2D class]], @"setTexture expects a CCTexture2D. Invalid argument"); texture_ = texture; [self updateBlendFunc]; } -(CCTexture2D*) texture { return texture_; } @end but now positioning and scaling seem to not work? and it starts in the wrong position... but changing the opacity still works. so i was wondering if anyone can see why my 2.0 version is not working? or if maybe there is a better way to do a sprite hole with cocos2d/opengl 2.0? shaders? thanks

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  • Banshee doesn't like opening websites

    - by Allan
    I have come across two bugs (which will be added to launchpad if it's not resolved here) When I open any of the websites in Banshee Amazon or Miro Guide as soon as the site is finished loading it crashes Banshee. If I play any video local or remote it will show 1 frame maybe 0.5 sec of video then I get a black screen and audio continues in the backgound. Specs & Details I have a Fujitsu Amilo 1718 laptop with 2 gig of ram (original 1 gig) graphics is provided by ATI Radeon Xpress 200M (don't laugh it works with compiz....just) I have a link to the output of banshee --debug Here Don't have time to read? Here are the Highlights [2 Warn 11:52:34.814] Caught an exception - System.ArgumentNullException: Argument cannot be null. then abit later Debug info from gdb: Could not attach to process. If your uid matches the uid of the target process, check the setting of /proc/sys/kernel/yama/ptrace_scope, or try again as the root user. For more details, see /etc/sysctl.d/10-ptrace.conf ptrace: Operation not permitted. ================================================================= Got a SIGSEGV while executing native code. This usually indicates a fatal error in the mono runtime or one of the native libraries used by your application. ================================================================= Aborted Not music to my ears as you can expect. The version I am using is 1.9.4 from the daily ppa but these bugs happen in any version of banshee from 1.8.1 and up. So if any one has come across a fix for this problem please share!! additional info Both VLC and Miro work on my system so there isn't a system wide problem with video and I haven't mentioned mono so no trolling it will get voted down.

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  • "Programming error" exceptions - Is my approach sound?

    - by Medo42
    I am currently trying to improve my use of exceptions, and found the important distinction between exceptions that signify programming errors (e.g. someone passed null as argument, or called a method on an object after it was disposed) and those that signify a failure in the operation that is not the caller's fault (e.g. an I/O exception). As far as I understand, it makes little sense for an immediate caller to actually handle programming error exceptions, he should instead assure that the preconditions are met. Only "outer" exception handlers at task boundaries should catch them, so they can keep the system running if a task fails. In order to ensure that client code can cleanly catch "failure" exceptions without catching error exceptions by mistake, I create my own exception classes for all failure exceptions now, and document them in the methods that throw them. I would make them checked exceptions in Java. Now I have a few questions: Before, I tried to document all exceptions that a method could throw, but that sometimes creates an unwiedly list that needs to be documented in every method up the call chain until you can show that the error won't happen. Instead, I document the preconditions in the summary / parameter descriptions and don't even mention what happens if they are not met. The idea is that people should not try to catch these exceptions explicitly anyway, so there is no need to document their types. Would you agree that this is enough? Going further, do you think all preconditions even need to be documented for every method? For example, calling methods in IDisposable objects after calling Dispose is an error, but since IDisposable is such a widely used interface, can I just assume a programmer will know this? A similar case is with reference type parameters where passing null makes no conceivable sense: Should I document "non-null" anyway? IMO, documentation should only cover things that are not obvious, but I am not sure where "obvious" ends.

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  • Zufriedene Kunden sind die beste Werbung: Anwenderberichte für Partner

    - by A&C Redaktion
    Ein großes, erfolgreich abgeschlossenes Kundenprojekt ist ein schlagendes Argument, um sich als zuverlässiges und engagiertes Unternehmen zu profilieren. Frei nach dem Motto: „Tue Gutes und rede darüber“. Deshalb bieten wir spezialisierten Partnern die Möglichkeit, professionelle Anwenderberichte über ihre erfolgreichen Oracle Projekte erstellen zu lassen. Ein Beispiel: Gerade hat unser Platinum Partner HUNKLER ein Datenbank-Projekt für die Kliniken Schmieder abgeschlossen. Nachdem die IT-Systeme der Kliniken aufgrund gestiegener Zugriffszahlen an ihre Grenzen stießen, hat HUNKLER mit der Oracle Database Appliance (ODA) eine zukunftsfähige Datenbank-Lösung installiert, die den hohen Datenschutzansprüchen und der enormen Auslastung auch langfristig gerecht wird. Details zum genauen Projektverlauf, den spezifischen Anforderungen im Klinikalltag und der Zusammenarbeit zwischen dem Klinikum, HUNKLER und Oracle finden Sie hier im Anwenderbericht Kliniken Schmieder. Die Möglichkeit, sich und ihre Arbeit gewinnbringend zu präsentieren, können alle spezialisierten Partner nutzen, die ein repräsentatives Oracle Projekt abgeschlossen haben. Erfahrene Fachjournalisten interviewen sowohl Partner als auch Endkunde und erstellen einen ausführlichen, ansprechend aufbereiteten Bericht. Die Veröffentlichung erfolgt über verschiedene Marketing-Kanäle. Natürlich können die Partner die Anwenderberichte auch für die eigenen Marketingzwecke nutzen, z. B. für Veranstaltungen. Haben Sie Interesse? Dann wenden Sie sich an Frau Marion Aschenbrenner. Wir benötigen von Ihnen einige Eckdaten wie Kundenname, Ansprechpartner und eingesetzte Oracle Produkte, eine Beschreibung des Projektes in 3-4 Sätzen und Ihren Ansprechpartner im Haus. Und dann:

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  • Zufriedene Kunden sind die beste Werbung: Anwenderberichte für Partner

    - by A&C Redaktion
    Ein großes, erfolgreich abgeschlossenes Kundenprojekt ist ein schlagendes Argument, um sich als zuverlässiges und engagiertes Unternehmen zu profilieren. Frei nach dem Motto: „Tue Gutes und rede darüber“. Deshalb bieten wir spezialisierten Partnern die Möglichkeit, professionelle Anwenderberichte über ihre erfolgreichen Oracle Projekte erstellen zu lassen. Ein Beispiel: Gerade hat unser Platinum Partner HUNKLER ein Datenbank-Projekt für die Kliniken Schmieder abgeschlossen. Nachdem die IT-Systeme der Kliniken aufgrund gestiegener Zugriffszahlen an ihre Grenzen stießen, hat HUNKLER mit der Oracle Database Appliance (ODA) eine zukunftsfähige Datenbank-Lösung installiert, die den hohen Datenschutzansprüchen und der enormen Auslastung auch langfristig gerecht wird. Details zum genauen Projektverlauf, den spezifischen Anforderungen im Klinikalltag und der Zusammenarbeit zwischen dem Klinikum, HUNKLER und Oracle finden Sie hier im Anwenderbericht Kliniken Schmieder. Die Möglichkeit, sich und ihre Arbeit gewinnbringend zu präsentieren, können alle spezialisierten Partner nutzen, die ein repräsentatives Oracle Projekt abgeschlossen haben. Erfahrene Fachjournalisten interviewen sowohl Partner als auch Endkunde und erstellen einen ausführlichen, ansprechend aufbereiteten Bericht. Die Veröffentlichung erfolgt über verschiedene Marketing-Kanäle. Natürlich können die Partner die Anwenderberichte auch für die eigenen Marketingzwecke nutzen, z. B. für Veranstaltungen. Haben Sie Interesse? Dann wenden Sie sich an Frau Marion Aschenbrenner. Wir benötigen von Ihnen einige Eckdaten wie Kundenname, Ansprechpartner und eingesetzte Oracle Produkte, eine Beschreibung des Projektes in 3-4 Sätzen und Ihren Ansprechpartner im Haus. Und dann: Lassen Sie Ihre gute Arbeit für sich sprechen!

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  • How do you apply to a company way out of your league?

    - by emcb
    First, my background: I'm in the market for a new job I have ~2 years experience under my belt Nothing on my resume would JUMP out at you Thus far in my career I've been able to become productive quickly and have been continually praised by managers and coworkers for my abilities to learn and produce. I don't mean to be bragging here, but I want to get across that (at least in my mind) I could be categorized as "very promising young developer" I've been job hunting for a little while now and like most job seekers I've found a handful of companies that are basically "dream" jobs (think Fog Creek or 37Signals). If I were to apply to a company like that in the normal recruitment channels, my resume would probably not make it past the first set of filters. Now, I accept that I'm a longshot for a job at the hottest companies out there, but in my job search I've had a little success in applying for positions I'm not qualified for simply by doing something a little different: sending an email outlining how I don't meet the qualifications but stating why I would do well in the job anyways. In other cases, I've outright asked for a small project/problem that would be representative of the work to prove I can do the job, since I didn't have the specific skills on my resume yet. What I'm wondering is: If I'm not qualified on paper for a particular job, what creative/unique/impressive methods have you thought of or seen work to at least get an interview? For the sake of argument, assume I really am a "very promising young developer". I would love to hear from people who are responsible for hiring - I'd like to hear examples of techniques that got someone noticed when they otherwise wouldn't have. Clarification: I know that I need to continue building my resume to continue advancing. But I'm in the job search NOW, so I'm looking for other approaches

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  • Reflective discovery of an inner class in an API

    - by wassup
    Let me ask you, as this bothers me for quite a while but appears to be subjectively the best solution for my problem, if reflective discovery of an inner class for API purposes is that bad idea? First, let me explain what I mean by saying "reflective discovery" and all that stuff. I am sketching an API for a Java database system, that'll be centered around block-based entities (don't ask me what that means - that's a long story), and those entities can be read and returned to the Java code as objects subclassed from the Entity class. I have an Entity.Factory class, that, by means of fluent interfaces, takes a Class<? extends Entity> argument and then, uses an instance of Section.Builder, Property.Builder, or whatever builder the entity has, to put it into the back-end storage. The idea about registering all entity types and their builders just doesn't appeal to me, so I thought that the closest solution to the problem that'd suffice my design needs would be to discover, using reflection, all inner classes of Entity classes and find one that's called Builder. Looking for some expert insight :) And if I missed some important design details (which could happen as I tried to make this question as concise as possible), just tell me and I'll add them.

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  • Questioning one of the arguments for dependency injection: Why is creating an object graph hard?

    - by oberlies
    Dependency injection frameworks like Google Guice give the following motivation for their usage (source): To construct an object, you first build its dependencies. But to build each dependency, you need its dependencies, and so on. So when you build an object, you really need to build an object graph. Building object graphs by hand is labour intensive (...) and makes testing difficult. But I don't buy this argument: Even without dependency injection, I can write classes which are both easy to instantiate and convenient to test. E.g. the example from the Guice motivation page could be rewritten in the following way: class BillingService { private final CreditCardProcessor processor; private final TransactionLog transactionLog; // constructor for tests, taking all collaborators as parameters BillingService(CreditCardProcessor processor, TransactionLog transactionLog) { this.processor = processor; this.transactionLog = transactionLog; } // constructor for production, calling the (productive) constructors of the collaborators public BillingService() { this(new PaypalCreditCardProcessor(), new DatabaseTransactionLog()); } public Receipt chargeOrder(PizzaOrder order, CreditCard creditCard) { ... } } So there may be other arguments for dependency injection (which are out of scope for this question!), but easy creation of testable object graphs is not one of them, is it?

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  • Who keeps removing that file?

    - by mgerdts
    Over the years, I've had many times when some file gets removed and there's no obvious culprit.  With dtrace, it is somewhat easy to figure out:  #! /usr/sbin/dtrace -wqs syscall::unlinkat:entry /cleanpath(copyinstr(arg1)) == "/dev/null"/ {         stop();         printf("%s[%d] stopped before removing /dev/null\n", execname, pid);         system("ptree %d; pstack %d", pid, pid); } That script will stop the process trying to remove /dev/null before it does it.  You can allow it to continue by restarting (unstopping?) the command with prun(1) or killing it with kill -9.  If you want the command to continue automatically after getting the ptree and pstack output, you can add "; prun %d" and another pid argument to the system() call.

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  • CodeStock 2012 Review: Eric Landes( @ericlandes ) - Automated Tests in to automated Builds! How to put the right type of automated tests in to the right automated builds.

    Automated Tests in to automated Builds! How to put the right type of automated tests in to the right automated builds.Speaker: Eric LandesTwitter: @ericlandesBlog: http://ericlandes.com/ This was one of the first sessions I attended during CodeStock 2012. Eric’s talk focused mostly on unit testing, and that the lack of proper unit testing can be compared to stealing from an employer. His point was that if you’re not doing proper unit testing then all of the time wasted on fixing issues that could have been detected with unit tests is like stealing money from employer. He makes the assumption that that time spent on fixing these issues could have been better spent developing new features that drive the business. To a point I can agree with Eric’s argument regarding unit testing and stealing from a company’s perspective. I can see how he relates resources being shifted from new development to bug fixes as stealing based on the fact that the resources used to fix bugs are directly taken from other projects. He also states that Boring/Redundant and Build/Test tasks should be automated because it reduces the changes of errors and frees up developer to do what they do best, DEVELOP! When he refers to testing, he breaks testing down in to four distinct types. Unit Test Acceptance Test (This also includes Integration Tests) Performance Test UI Test With this he also recommends that developers should not go buck wild striving for 100% code coverage because some test my not provide a great return on investment. In his experience he recommends that 70% test coverage was a very acceptable rate.

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  • I receive the error 'grub-install /dev/sda failed' while attempting to install Ubuntu as the computer's only OS.

    - by Liath
    I am attempting to install Ubuntu on a box which was previously running Windows 7. I have also experienced the dreaded "Unable to install GRUB" error. I am not attempting to dual boot. I have previously run a Windows boot disk and removed all existing partitions. If I run the Ubuntu 12.04 install CD and click install after the config screens, I get the error Executing 'grub-install /dev/sda' failed. This is a fatal error. (It is the same error as this question: Unable to install GRUB) All the questions I've read while looking for a solution are related to dual boot. I'm not interested in dual boot, I'm after a clean out the box Ubuntu install. How can I achieve this? (For my sanity, please use very simple instructions when responding. I don't claim to have any talent either for linux or as a sysadmin) Additional details copied from comments dated: 2012-05-29 ~15:19Z After booting from the CD, clicking Try Ubuntu, and then sudo fdisk /dev/sda I get fdisk: unable to seek on /dev/sda: Invalid argument sudo fdisk /dev/sdb gives Device contains neither a valid DOS partiion table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel. Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x15228d1d. Changes will remain in memory only until you decide to write them. After that of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite). Command (m for help): I should add the Live CD desktop is graphically bad. I've got missing parts of programs and the terminal occasionally reflects to the bottom of the screen. But I can't imagine this is related.

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  • Looking for a better Factory pattern (Java)

    - by Sam Goldberg
    After doing a rough sketch of a high level object model, I am doing iterative TDD, and letting the other objects emerge as a refactoring of the code (as it increases in complexity). (That whole approach may be a discussion/argument for another day.) In any case, I am at the point where I am looking to refactor code blocks currently in an if-else blocks into separate objects. This is because there is another another value combination which creates new set of logical sub-branches. To be more specific, this is a trading system feature, where buy orders have different behavior than sell orders. Responses to the orders have a numeric indicator field which describes some event that occurred (e.g. fill, cancel). The combination of this numeric indicator field plus whether it is a buy or sell, require different processing buy the code. Creating a family of objects to separate the code for the unique handling each of the combinations of the 2 fields seems like a good choice at this point. The way I would normally do this, is to create some Factory object which when called with the 2 relevant parameters (indicator, buysell), would return the correct subclass of the object. Some times I do this pattern with a map, which allows to look up a live instance (or constructor to use via reflection), and sometimes I just hard code the cases in the Factory class. So - for some reason this feels like not good design (e.g. one object which knows all the subclasses of an interface or parent object), and a bit clumsy. Is there a better pattern for solving this kind of problem? And if this factory method approach makes sense, can anyone suggest a nicer design?

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  • Does Google Analytics exclude Campaign traffic from Facebook in the Social reports?

    - by user1612223
    For a while we have used campaign tags when putting posts on Facebook so that we can run campaign reports in Google analytics on those links. However it appears that traffic from those links are being excluded in Google's Social reports. For example between 7/20 and 8/19 I'm seeing 123 Visits where Facebook is the source in my Campaigns report, but only 29 Visits where Facebook is the source in my Social Sources report. Main questions: Does Google exclude campaign traffic from it's social reports? If it does, is there any way to reconcile that so that the traffic shows up in both reports? If it doesn't, what could be causing the vast discrepancy? One observer noted that we are setting the Medium to "Post" when passing the campaign parameters, and that Google may only allow "Referral" traffic in it's social reports (Just speculation). In that case we could potentially change the Medium to "Referral", but that would undermine some of our strategy in being able to set different mediums. I have also considered that maybe the campaign traffic came to the site several times, and the social report may count the same user as less visits, however over 70% of the Facebook campaign traffic is new traffic, so at a minimum there would need to be over 85 Visits on the Social side for that argument to be valid. I've done several searches for any information on this topic, and haven't run across much of anything. I did post the same question on Google's Product Forum and have not gotten a response. The title of that question was 'Facebook Campaign Traffic Not Showing in Social Reports'. The inability to pass campaign data on Facebook posts would make evaluating the performance of those specific posts very difficult, so I'm hoping there is a solution to this.

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  • Are Java's public fields just a tragic historical design flaw at this point?

    - by Avi Flax
    It seems to be Java orthodoxy at this point that one should basically never use public fields for object state. (I don't necessarily agree, but that's not relevant to my question.) Given that, would it be right to say that from where we are today, it's clear that Java's public fields were a mistake/flaw of the language design? Or is there a rational argument that they're a useful and important part of the language, even today? Thanks! Update: I know about the more elegant approaches, such as in C#, Python, Groovy, etc. I'm not directly looking for those examples. I'm really just wondering if there's still someone deep in a bunker, muttering about how wonderful public fields really are, and how the masses are all just sheep, etc. Update 2: Clearly static final public fields are the standard way to create public constants. I was referring more to using public fields for object state (even immutable state). I'm thinking that it does seem like a design flaw that one should use public fields for constants, but not for state… a language's rules should be enforced naturally, by syntax, not by guidelines.

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  • High Availability

    - by mattjgilbert
    Udi Dahan presented at the UK Connected Systems User Group last night. He discussed High Availability and pointed out that people often think this is purely an infrastructure challenge. However, the implications of system crashes, errors and resulting data loss need to be considered and managed by software developers. In addition a system should remain both highly reliable (backwardly compatible) and available during deployments and upgrades. The argument is that you cannot be considered highly available if your system is always down every time you upgrade. For our recent BizTalk 2009 upgrade we made use of our Business Continuity servers (note the name, rather than calling them Disaster Recovery servers ? ) to ensure our clients could continue to operate while we upgraded the Production BizTalk servers. Then we failed back to the newly built 2009 environment and rebuilt the BC servers. Of course, in the event of an actual disaster there was a window where either one or the other set were not available to take over – however, our Staging machines were already primed to switch to production settings, having been used for testing the upgrade in the first place.   While not perfect (the failover between environments was not automatic and without some minimal outage) planning the upgrade in this way meant BizTalk was online during the rebuild and upgrade project, we didn’t have to rush things to get back on-line and planning meant we were ready to be as available as we could be in the event of an actual disaster.

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  • How to avoid jumping to a solution when under pressure? [closed]

    - by GlenPeterson
    When under a particularly strict programming deadline (like an hour), if I panic at all, my tendency is to jump into coding without a real plan and hope I figure it out as I go along. Given enough time, this can work, but in an interview it's been pretty unsuccessful, if not downright counter-productive. I'm not always comfortable sitting there thinking while the clock ticks away. Is there a checklist or are there techniques to recognize when you understand the problem well enough to start coding? Maybe don't touch the keyboard for the first 5-10 minutes of the problem? At what point do you give up and code a brute-force solution with the hope of reasoning out a better solution later? When is it most productive to think and design more vs. code some experiments to and figure out the design later? Here is a list of techniques for taking a math test and another for taking an oral exam. Is there is a similar list of techniques for handling a programming problem under pressure? ANSWERS: I think this is a valid answer: How To Solve It. I found the link as an answer to Steps to solve or approach towards a solution. There were also some really good tips at Is thinking out loud during an interview really the best strategy?. A great and concise argument for TDD is the first answer to TDD Writing code vs Figuring out the answer to a problem?. My question may be a near-duplicate of that one.

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  • Using template questions in a technical interview

    - by Desolate Planet
    I've recently been in an argument with a colleague about technical questions in interviews. As a graduate, I went round lots of companies and noticed they used the same questions. An example is "Can you write a function that determines if a number is prime or not?", 4 years later, I find that particular question is quite common even for a junior developer. I might not be looking at this the correct way, but shouldn't software houses be intelligent enough to think up their own interview questions? I've been to about 16 interviews as a graduate and the same questions came up in about 75% of them. This leads me to believe that many companies are lazy and simply Google: 'Template questions for interviewing software developers' and I look down on that. Question: Is it better to use a set of questions off some template or should software houses strive to be more original and come up with their own interview material? From my point of view, if I failed an interview and went off and looked for good answers to the questions I messed up on, I could fly through the next interview if the questions are the same.

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  • JAVA Gui on Hello World [closed]

    - by user58892
    I am designing, implementing, testing, and debuging a GUI-based version of a “Hello, World!” program in a JFrame that includes a JLabel that reads “Hello, World!” and I am trying to use a layout manager, and an Exit button to close the program. Here's what I have so far, I would really apreciate if you could help on it syntax. I am 90% done but tried hard and it couldn't run. import java.awt.*; // Needed for flow layout manager import javax.swing.*; //All swing components live in the javax.swing package import javax.swing.JButton; //to recognize buttons import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JTextField; public class HelloWorld { public static void main(String[] args) { //creates the label. The JLabel constructor //takes an optional argument which set the text of the label /* The text will be aligned with the center of the frame * otherwise it will align on the left. */ JLabel label= new JLabel("Hello World!"); new FlowWindow(); label.setHorizontalAlignment (SwingConstants.CENTER); JFrame frame = new JFrame("Hello"); //create exit button JButton button1 = new JButton("Exit"); //Add exit button to the content pane. add(button1); frame.add(label); frame.setSize(300, 300); frame.setVisible(true); frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null); frame.toFront(); } public static void FlowWindow() { //Add a new FlowLayout()); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } }

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  • Design in "mixed" languages: object oriented design or functional programming?

    - by dema80
    In the past few years, the languages I like to use are becoming more and more "functional". I now use languages that are a sort of "hybrid": C#, F#, Scala. I like to design my application using classes that correspond to the domain objects, and use functional features where this makes coding easier, more coincise and safer (especially when operating on collections or when passing functions). However the two worlds "clash" when coming to design patterns. The specific example I faced recently is the Observer pattern. I want a producer to notify some other code (the "consumers/observers", say a DB storage, a logger, and so on) when an item is created or changed. I initially did it "functionally" like this: producer.foo(item => { updateItemInDb(item); insertLog(item) }) // calls the function passed as argument as an item is processed But I'm now wondering if I should use a more "OO" approach: interface IItemObserver { onNotify(Item) } class DBObserver : IItemObserver ... class LogObserver: IItemObserver ... producer.addObserver(new DBObserver) producer.addObserver(new LogObserver) producer.foo() //calls observer in a loop Which are the pro and con of the two approach? I once heard a FP guru say that design patterns are there only because of the limitations of the language, and that's why there are so few in functional languages. Maybe this could be an example of it? EDIT: In my particular scenario I don't need it, but.. how would you implement removal and addition of "observers" in the functional way? (I.e. how would you implement all the functionalities in the pattern?) Just passing a new function, for example?

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  • what other bash variables are available during execution such as $USER that can assist on my script?

    - by semi-newbie
    This is related to question 19245, in that one of the responders answered the question in an awesome way, and very VERY clear to any newbie. Now here is a question that i can't seem to figure. i wrote a script for starting the vmware firefox plugin (don't worry. i gave that up and now run vBox VERY happily. i left vmware for my servers :) ) I needed to start the plugin as sudo, but i also needed to pass an argument (password) to it, that happen to be the same. So, if my password was Hello123, the command would be: sudo ./myscript.sh hi other Hello123 running from command line, the script would ask for my sudo password and then run. i wanted to capture THAT password and pass it as well. i also wanted to run graphically, so i tried gksudo, and there is an option -p that returns the password for variable assignment. well, that was a nightmare, because i would still get prompted for the original sudo: see below Find UserName vUser=$USER Find password (and hopefully enable sudo) vP=gksudo -p -D somedescriptiontext echo Execute command gksudo ./myscript.sh hi $vUser $vP and i still get prompted twice. so my question is tri-fold: is there a variable i can use for the password, just like there is one for user, $USER? is there a different way i should be assigning the value resulting of the command i have in $vP? i am wondering if executing the way i have it, does it in an uninitiated session and not the current one, since i am getting some addtl warning type errors on some variables blah blah i tried using Zenity to just capture the text, but then of course, i couldn't pass that value to sudo, so i could only use as a parameter, which puts me back in 2 prompts. Thanksssssssssss!

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  • Are specific types still necessary?

    - by MKO
    One thing that occurred to me the other day, are specific types still necessary or a legacy that is holding us back. What I mean is: do we really need short, int, long, bigint etc etc. I understand the reasoning, variables/objects are kept in memory, memory needs to be allocated and therefore we need to know how big a variable can be. But really, shouldn't a modern programming language be able to handle "adaptive types", ie, if something is only ever allocated in the shortint range it uses fewer bytes, and if something is suddenly allocated a very big number the memory is allocated accordinly for that particular instance. Float, real and double's are a bit trickier since the type depends on what precision you need. Strings should however be able to take upp less memory in many instances (in .Net) where mostly ascii is used buth strings always take up double the memory because of unicode encoding. One argument for specific types might be that it's part of the specification, ie for example a variable should not be able to be bigger than a certain value so we set it to shortint. But why not have type constraints instead? It would be much more flexible and powerful to be able to set permissible ranges and values on variables (and properties). I realize the immense problem in revamping the type architecture since it's so tightly integrated with underlying hardware and things like serialization might become tricky indeed. But from a programming perspective it should be great no?

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  • Ubuntu 12.04 takes too long to boot

    - by msPeachy
    I've recently encountered the following error message: mount: mounting /dev/disk/by-uuid/3f7f5cd9d-6ea3-4da7-b5ec-**** on /root failed: Invalid argument mount: mounting /sys on /root/sys failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting /dev on /root/dev failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting /sys on /root/sys failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting /proc on /root/proc failed: No such file or directory Target file system doesn't have /sbin/init. No init found. Try passing init= bootarg. Busybox v1.18.5 (Ubuntu 1:1.18.5-1ubuntu4) built-in shell (ash) Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands. (initramfs) _ I run sudo fsck /dev/sda2 which is the Ubuntu ext4 root partition via LiveCD. It checked and fixed the file system. The next time I boot, Ubuntu started to load with the Ubuntu logo and the dots underneath for several hours (with the mouse pointer active on the screen), I even let the computer on overnight but still it did not successfully boot or got to the login screen in the morning. I booted again with the LiveCD and checked the NTFS partitions with ntfsfix and again the NTFS partitions was checked and fixed successfully. I also edited my fstab and commented out the lines that auto-mounts the NTFS partitions. The next time I boot, it took almost 20 minutes for Ubuntu to get to the login screen, after typing the password it took an additional 10 minutes for Ubuntu to get to the desktop. On the desktop, it take several minutes to open any program, displaying the Dash alone takes 5 minutes! Is there a fix for this without having to reinstall Ubuntu? I don't see or get any errors, Ubuntu is just taking too long to boot and to run programs. Please help!

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  • Where will the image be saved? [closed]

    - by Dummy Derp
    import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.Rectangle; import java.awt.Robot; import java.awt.Toolkit; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import java.io.File; ... public void captureScreen(String fileName) throws Exception { Dimension screenSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize(); Rectangle screenRectangle = new Rectangle(screenSize); Robot robot = new Robot(); BufferedImage image = robot.createScreenCapture(screenRectangle); ImageIO.write(image, "png", new File(fileName)); } ... Going over this code I found on the internet. I got everything except the part where file is created. In what format file name should be? Should it be C:/myFolder/myImage.png" or just myImage.png and where will it be saved? Here is what docs say: File public File(String pathname) Creates a new File instance by converting the given pathname string into an abstract pathname. If the given string is the empty string, then the result is the empty abstract pathname. Parameters: pathname - A pathname string Throws: NullPointerException - If the pathname argument is null

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  • Why is quicksort better than other sorting algorithms in practice?

    - by Raphael
    This is a repost of a question on cs.SE by Janoma. Full credits and spoils to him or cs.SE. In a standard algorithms course we are taught that quicksort is O(n log n) on average and O(n²) in the worst case. At the same time, other sorting algorithms are studied which are O(n log n) in the worst case (like mergesort and heapsort), and even linear time in the best case (like bubblesort) but with some additional needs of memory. After a quick glance at some more running times it is natural to say that quicksort should not be as efficient as others. Also, consider that students learn in basic programming courses that recursion is not really good in general because it could use too much memory, etc. Therefore (and even though this is not a real argument), this gives the idea that quicksort might not be really good because it is a recursive algorithm. Why, then, does quicksort outperform other sorting algorithms in practice? Does it have to do with the structure of real-world data? Does it have to do with the way memory works in computers? I know that some memories are way faster than others, but I don't know if that's the real reason for this counter-intuitive performance (when compared to theoretical estimates).

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