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  • How can I make named_scope in Rails return one value instead of an array?

    - by sameera207
    I want to write a [named scope] to get a record from its id. For example, I have a model called Event, and I want to simulate Event.find(id) with use of named_scope for future flexibility. I used this code in my model: named_scope :from_id, lambda { |id| {:conditions => ['id= ?', id] } } and I call it from my controller like Event.from_id(id). But my problem is that it returns an array of Event objects instead of just one object. Thus if I want to get event name, I have to write event = Event.from_id(id) event[0].name while what I want is event = Event.from_id(id) event.name Am I doing something wrong here?

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  • How do you use Linq2Sql in your applications ?

    - by this. __curious_geek
    I'm recently migrating to Linq2Sql and all my future projects would be done in Linq2Sql. Having said that, I researched a lot on how to properly plug-in Linq2Sql in application design. what to put at what layer ? Should I use DTOs over Linq2Sql entities ? I did not find any rock-solid material that really talked about one single thing and everyone had their own opinions and I found all of them justified right from their arguments. I'm looking forward to your ideas on how to integrate/use Linq2Sql in projects. My priority is maintenance[it should be maintenable and when multiple people work on same project] and scalabilty [it should have scope of evolution]. Thanks.

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  • JBoss Seam: components injected into POJOs, but not Session Beans

    - by purecharger
    I have a Seam component that handles login, with the name "authenticator": @Name("authenticator") public class AuthenticatorAction implements Authenticator { @PersistenceContext private EntityManager em; @In(required=false) @Out(required=false, scope = SESSION) private User user; public boolean authenticate(){ ... } } This works just fine, Seam injects the EntityManager instance. However, as soon as I add the @Stateless annotation, none of the injection happens! In this case, the EntityManager instance is null upon entry to the authenticate() method. Another interesting note is that with a separate stateful session bean I have, the Logger instance in that class is only injected if I make it static. If i have it non-static, it is not injected. Thats fine for the logger, but for stateless session beans like that, I obviously can't have static member variables for these components. I'm confused because this authenticator is exactly how it is in the Seam booking example: a stateless session bean with a private member variable being injected. Any ideas?

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  • How do I change the on-screen keyboard for a PasswordBox

    - by McKay
    I have a box that I want to take a password of only numbers (like an ATM-card PIN), how is the best way to do that? Requirements: Password (with the hidden numbers) Typing digits as the default (only?) keyboard What I've tried: I thought that InputScopes would be the way to go, but I can't set the input scope on a password box. I even tried putting the password InputScope on a normal TextBox, but that didn't mask the appearance of the characters in the text box. Suggestions?

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  • No Binary File Generation

    - by Nathan Campos
    I've just bought a new laptop for me on the travel, then on my free time, I've started to test MinGW on it by trying to compile my own OS that is written in C++, then I've created all the files needed and the kernel.cpp: extern "C" void _main(struct multiboot_data* mbd, unsigned int magic); void _main( struct multiboot_data* mbd, unsigned int magic ) { char * boot_loader_name =(char*) ((long*)mbd)[16]; /* Print a letter to screen to see everything is working: */ unsigned char *videoram = (unsigned char *) 0xb8000; videoram[0] = 65; /* character 'A' */ videoram[1] = 0x07; /* forground, background color. */ } And tried to compile it with g++ G: g++ -o C:\kernel.o -c kernel.cpp -Wall -Wextra -Werror -nostdlib -nostartfiles -nodefaultlibs kernel.cpp: In function `void _main(multiboot_data*, unsigned int)': kernel.cpp:8: warning: unused variable 'boot_loader_name' kernel.cpp: At global scope: kernel.cpp:4: warning: unused parameter 'magic' G: But it don't create any binary file at C:/, what can I do?

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  • How To Aggregate API Data?

    - by Mindblip
    Hi, I have a system that connects to 2 popular APIs. I need to aggregate the data from each into a unified result that can then be paginated. The scope of the project means that the system could end up supporting 10's of APIs. Each API imposes a max limit of 50 results per request. What is the best way of aggregating this data so that it is reliable i.e ordered, no duplicates etc I am using CakePHP framework on a LAMP environment, however, I think this question relates to all programming languages. My approach so far is to query the search API of each provider and then populate a MySQL table. From this the results are ordered, paginated etc. However, my concern is performance: API communication, parsing, inserting and then reading all in one execution. Am I missing something, does anyone have any other ideas? I'm sure this is a common problem with many alternative solutions. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks, Paul

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  • Is perl's each function worth using?

    - by eugene y
    From perldoc -f each we read: There is a single iterator for each hash, shared by all each, keys, and values function calls in the program; it can be reset by reading all the elements from the hash, or by evaluating keys HASH or values HASH. The iterator is not reset when you leave the scope containing the each(), and this can lead to bugs: my %h = map { $_, 1 } qw(1 2 3); while (my $k = each %h) { print "1: $k\n"; last } while (my $k = each %h) { print "2: $k\n" } Output: 1: 1 2: 3 2: 2 What are the common workarounds for this behavior? And is it worth using each in general?

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  • Is perl's each function worth using?

    - by eugene y
    From perldoc -f each we read: There is a single iterator for each hash, shared by all each, keys, and values function calls in the program; it can be reset by reading all the elements from the hash, or by evaluating keys HASH or values HASH. The iterator is not reset when you leave the scope containing the each(), and this can lead to bugs: my %h = map { $_, 1 } qw(1 2 3); while (my $k = each %h) { print "1: $k\n"; last } while (my $k = each %h) { print "2: $k\n" } Output: 1: 1 2: 3 2: 2 What are the common workarounds for this behavior? And is it worth using each in general?

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  • linker error in simple program: multiple definition of function

    - by BillyJean
    My function test is added to two different .cpp-files and the functions are private to their respective files as shown below test1.cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; void test() { cout << "test" << endl; } test2.cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; void test() { cout << "test" << endl; } main.cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { return 0; } During linking I get the error multiple definition of test() - but how is that possible, considering that the two files have their own private scope!? I could understand it if I included the function prototype in each .cpp-files' corresponding header, but there is no such thing in this example.

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  • How can I refactor this to use an inline function or template instead of a macro?

    - by BillyONeal
    Hello, everyone :) I have a useful macro here: #define PATH_PREFIX_RESOLVE(path, prefix, environment) \ if (boost::algorithm::istarts_with(path, prefix)) { \ ExpandEnvironmentStringsW(environment, buffer, MAX_PATH); \ path.replace(0, (sizeof(prefix)/sizeof(wchar_t)) - 1, buffer); \ if (Exists(path)) return path; \ } It's used about 6 times within the scope of a single function (that's it), but macros seem to have "bad karma" :P Anyway, the problem here is the sizeof(prefix) part of the macro. If I just replace this with a function taking a const wchar_t[], then the sizeof() will fail to deliver expected results. Simply adding a size member doesn't really solve the problem either. Making the user supply the size of the constant literal also results in a mess of duplicated constants at the call site. Any ideas on this one?

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  • To be effective on your home projects is it better using the same technologies used at work?

    - by systempuntoout
    To be more productive and effective, is it better to start developing an home project using the same technologies used at work? I'm not talking about a simple hello world web page but an home project with all bells and whistles that one day, maybe, you could sell on internet. This dilemma is often subject of flames between me and a friend. He thinks that if you want to make a great home-made project you need to use the same technologies used daily at work staying in the same scope too; for example, a c++ computer game programmer should develope an home-made c++ game. I'm pretty sure that developing using the same technologies used at work can be more productive at beginning, but surely less exciting and stimulating of working with other languages\ides\libraries out of your daily job. What's your opinion about that?

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  • How to add a property to a module in boost::python?

    - by Checkers
    You can add a property to a class using a getter and a setter (in a simplistic case): class<X>("X") .add_property("foo", &X::get_foo, &X::set_foo); But how to add a property to a module itself (not a class)? There is scope().attr("globalAttr") = ??? something ??? and def("globalAttr", ??? something ???); I can add global functions and objects of my class using the above two ways, but can't seem to add properties the same way as in classes.

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  • How would I best address this object type heirachy? Some kind of enum heirarchy?

    - by FerretallicA
    I'm curious as to any solutions out there for addressing object heirarchies in an ORM approach (in this instance, using Entity Framework 4). I'm working through some docs on EF4 and trying to apply it to a simple inventory tracking program. The possible types for inventory to fall into are as follows: INVENTORY ITEM TYPES: Hardware PC Desktop Server Laptop Accessory Input (keyboards, scanners etc) Output (monitors, printers etc) Storage (USB sticks, tape drives etc) Communication (network cards, routers etc) Software What recommendations are there for handling enums in a situation like this? Are enums even the solution? I don't really want to have a ridiculously normalised database for such a relatively simple experiment (eg tables for InventoryType, InventorySubtype, InventoryTypeToSubtype etc). I don't really want to over-complicate my data model with each subtype being inherited even though no additional properties or methods are included (except PC types which would ideally have associated accessories and software but that's probably out of scope here). It feels like there should be a really simple, elegant solution to this but I can't put my finger on it. Any assistance or input appreciated!

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  • bash : recursive listing of all files problem

    - by Michael Mao
    Run a recursive listing of all the files in /var/log and redirect standard output to a file called lsout.txt in your home directory. Complete this question WITHOUT leaving your home directory. An: ls -R /var/log/ /home/bqiu/lsout.txt I reckon the above bash command is not correct. This is what I've got so far: $ ls -1R .: cal.sh cokemachine.sh dir sort test.sh ./dir: afile.txt file subdir ./dir/subdir: $ ls -R | sed s/^.*://g cal.sh cokemachine.sh dir sort test.sh afile.txt file subdir But this still leaves all directory/sub-directory names (dir and subdir), plus a couple of empty newlines How could I get the correct result without using Perl or awk? Preferably using only basic bash commands(this is just because Perl and awk is out of assessment scope)

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  • C# how to correctly dispose of an SmtpClient?

    - by JL
    VS 2010 code analysis reports the following: Warning 4 CA2000 : Microsoft.Reliability : In method 'Mailer.SendMessage()', object 'client' is not disposed along all exception paths. Call System.IDisposable.Dispose on object 'client' before all references to it are out of scope. My code is : public void SendMessage() { SmtpClient client = new SmtpClient(); client.Send(Message); client.Dispose(); DisposeAttachments(); } How should I correctly dispose of client? Update: to answer Jons question, here is the dispose attachments functionality: private void DisposeAttachments() { foreach (Attachment attachment in Message.Attachments) { attachment.Dispose(); } Message.Attachments.Dispose(); Message = null; }

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  • Question about migrating from ASP .NET User Controls to .NET 3.5 Master Page technology

    - by Jim McFetridge
    When migrating from an ASP .NET user control -based page with a header, footer, and menu to a Master Page using the same HTML mark-up, is it normal for CSS or javascript behaviors to change slightly? In particular, the submenu bar text now appears run together (which looks like a CSS symptom) and the graphics on the line above it appear to have an incorrect z-order. (The menu operation is javascript-based.) (I tried to paste images here but couldn't.) Also, the site is very large and we've not been given permission to redo the menu for the entire site. This is a forward-only migration. (Because I know that someone will ask.) Assuming that there are no changes in scope, what are the things that I should check? Thanks! Jim

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  • to_xml with :only and :methods

    - by Jake
    I'm calling to_xml on an ActiveRecord object with both :only and :methods parameters. The method that I'm including returns a collection for AR objects. This works fine without the :only param, but when that is added I just get the default to_s representation of my objects. i.e <author><books>#&lt;Book:0x107753228&gt;</books>\n</author> Any ideas? Update, here is the code: class Author < ActiveRecord::Base def books #this is a named scope products.by_type(:book) end end Author.to_xml(:methods => :books, :only => :id)

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  • Scala Lift - Robust method to protect files from hotlinking

    - by sirjamm
    I'm attempting to implement a way to stop hotlinking and/or un-authorised access to resources within my app. The method I'm trying to add is something I've used before in PHP apps. Basically a session is set when the page is first called. The images are added to the page via the image tag with the session value as a parameter: <img src="/files/image/[handle]?session=12345" /> When the image is requested the script checks to see if the session is set and matches the provided value. If the condition is not met the serving page returns null. Right at the end to the code I unset the session so further requests from outside the scope of the page will return null. What would be the best implementation of this method within the lift framework? Thanks in advance for any help, much appreciated :)

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  • NHibernate transaction management in ASP.NET MVC - how should it be done?

    - by adrin
    I am writing a simple ASP.NET MVC using session per request and transaction per request patterns (custom HttpModule). It seems to work properly, but.. the performance is terrible (a simple page loads ~7 seconds). For every http request, graphical resources incuding (all images on the site) a transaction is created and that seems to delay the loading times (without the transactions loading times per one image are ~1-10 ms with transactions they are over 1 second). What is the proper way to manage transactions in ASP.NET MVC + NH stack? When i've put all transactions into my repository methods, for some obscure reasons I got 'implicit transactions' warning in NHProf (the SQL statements were executed outside transaction, even that in code session.Save()/Update()/etc methods were invoked within transaction 'using' scope and before transaction.Commit() call) BTW are implicit transactions really bad?

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  • Compilation issues using scalaz's MA methods on Set but not List

    - by oxbow_lakes
    The following compiles just fine using scala Beta1 and scalaz snapshot 5.0: val p1: Int => Boolean = (i : Int) => i > 4 val s: List[Int] = List(1, 2, 3) val b1 = s ? p1 And yet this does not: val s: Set[Int] = Set(1, 2, 3) val b1 = s ? p1 I get the following error: Found: Int = Boolean Required: Boolean = Boolean The signature of the ? method is: def ?(p: A => Boolean)(implicit r: FoldRight[M]): Boolean = any(p) And there should be an implicit SetFoldRight in scope. It is exactly the same for the methods: ?, ? and ?: - what is going on?

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  • JavaScript function binding (this keyword) is lost after assignment

    - by Ding
    this is one of most mystery feature in JavaScript, after assigning the object method to other variable, the binding (this keyword) is lost var john = { name: 'John', greet: function(person) { alert("Hi " + person + ", my name is " + this.name); } }; john.greet("Mark"); // Hi Mark, my name is John var fx = john.greet; fx("Mark"); // Hi Mark, my name is my question is: 1) what is happening behind the assignment? var fx = john.greet; is this copy by value or copy by reference? fx and john.greet point to two diferent function, right? 2) since fx is a global method, the scope chain contains only global object. what is the value of this property in Variable object?

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  • How to receive userinfo with google adwords api libraries

    - by PatrickvKleef
    I'm using the Google Adwords API libraries and I would like to receive the userinfo of the logged in user. I added the userinfo scope as followed: googleAdwordsUser = new AdWordsUser(); string oauth_callback_url = HttpContext.Current.Request.Url.GetLeftPart(UriPartial.Path); googleAdwordsUser.OAuthProvider = new AdsOAuthNetProvider("https://adwords-sandbox.google.com/api/adwords/ https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email", oauth_callback_url, Session.SessionID); When the callback url is called, I'm trying to get the users emailaddress, but it isn't working, the error 'The remote server returned an error: (401) Unauthorized.' is thrown. string url = @"https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v2/userinfo?access_token=" + token; HttpWebRequest objRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); objRequest.Method = "GET"; HttpWebResponse objResponse = (HttpWebResponse)objRequest.GetResponse(); string result = string.Empty; using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(objResponse.GetResponseStream())) { result = sr.ReadToEnd(); } Does somebody knows how to fix this? Thanks.

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  • How to sort in-place using the merge sort algorithm?

    - by eSKay
    I know the question is too open. All I want is someone to tell me how to convert a normal merge sort into an in-place merge sort (or a merge sort with constant extra space overhead). All I can find (on the net) is pages saying "it is too complex" or "out of scope of this text". "The only known ways to merge in-place (without any extra space) are too complex to be reduced to practical program." (from here) Even if it is too complex, can somebody outline the basic concept of how to make the merge sort in-place?

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  • Rails AR validates_uniqueness_of against polymorphic relationship

    - by aaronrussell
    Is it posible to validate the uniqueness of a child model's attribute scoped against a polymorphic relationship? For example I have a model called field that belongs to fieldable: class Field < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :fieldable, :polymorphic => :true validates_uniqueness_of :name, :scope => :fieldable_id end I have several other models (Pages, Items) which have many Fields. So what I want is to validate the uniqueness of the field name against the parent model, but the problem is that occasionally a Page and an Item share the same ID number, causing the validations to fail when they shouldn't. Am I just doing this wrong or is there a better way to do this?

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  • Block declared variable visible outside?

    - by fuzzygoat
    If I declare a variable within a block (see below) is there a way to specify that its visible outside the block if need be? if(turbine_RPM > 0) { int intResult = [sensorNumber:1]; NSNumber *result = [NSNumber numberWithInt:intResult]; } return result; or is the way just to declare outside the block scope? NSNumber *result; if(turbine_RPM > 0) { int intResult = [sensorNumber:1]; result = [NSNumber numberWithInt:intResult]; } return result; many thanks gary

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