Search Results

Search found 2037 results on 82 pages for 'matrix multiplication'.

Page 77/82 | < Previous Page | 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82  | Next Page >

  • OpenGL 3 and the Radeon HD 4850x2

    - by rotard
    A while ago, I picked up a copy of the OpenGL SuperBible fifth edition and slowly and painfully started teaching myself OpenGL the 3.3 way, after having been used to the 1.0 way from school way back when. Making things more challenging, I am primarily a .NET developer, so I was working in Mono with the OpenTK OpenGL wrapper. On my laptop, I put together a program that let the user walk around a simple landscape using a couple shaders that implemented per-vertex coloring and lighting and texture mapping. Everything was working brilliantly until I ran the same program on my desktop. Disaster! Nothing would render! I have chopped my program down to the point where the camera sits near the origin, pointing at the origin, and renders a square (technically, a triangle fan). The quad renders perfectly on my laptop, coloring, lighting, texturing and all, but the desktop renders a small distorted non-square quadrilateral that is colored incorrectly, not affected by the lights, and not textured. I suspect the graphics card is at fault, because I get the same result whether I am booted into Ubuntu 10.10 or Win XP. I did find that if I pare the vertex shader down to ONLY outputting the positional data and the fragment shader to ONLY outputting a solid color (white) the quad renders correctly. But as SOON as I start passing in color data (whether or not I use it in the fragment shader) the output from the vertex shader is distorted again. The shaders follow. I left the pre-existing code in, but commented out so you can get an idea what I was trying to do. I'm a noob at glsl so the code could probably be a lot better. My laptop is an old lenovo T61p with a Centrino (Core 2) Duo and an nVidia Quadro graphics card running Ubuntu 10.10 My desktop has an i7 with a Radeon HD 4850 x2 (single card, dual GPU) from Saphire dual booting into Ubuntu 10.10 and Windows XP. The problem occurs in both XP and Ubuntu. Can anyone see something wrong that I am missing? What is "special" about my HD 4850x2? string vertexShaderSource = @" #version 330 precision highp float; uniform mat4 projection_matrix; uniform mat4 modelview_matrix; //uniform mat4 normal_matrix; //uniform mat4 cmv_matrix; //Camera modelview. Light sources are transformed by this matrix. //uniform vec3 ambient_color; //uniform vec3 diffuse_color; //uniform vec3 diffuse_direction; in vec4 in_position; in vec4 in_color; //in vec3 in_normal; //in vec3 in_tex_coords; out vec4 varyingColor; //out vec3 varyingTexCoords; void main(void) { //Get surface normal in eye coordinates //vec4 vEyeNormal = normal_matrix * vec4(in_normal, 0); //Get vertex position in eye coordinates //vec4 vPosition4 = modelview_matrix * vec4(in_position, 0); //vec3 vPosition3 = vPosition4.xyz / vPosition4.w; //Get vector to light source in eye coordinates //vec3 lightVecNormalized = normalize(diffuse_direction); //vec3 vLightDir = normalize((cmv_matrix * vec4(lightVecNormalized, 0)).xyz); //Dot product gives us diffuse intensity //float diff = max(0.0, dot(vEyeNormal.xyz, vLightDir.xyz)); //Multiply intensity by diffuse color, force alpha to 1.0 //varyingColor.xyz = in_color * diff * diffuse_color.xyz; varyingColor = in_color; //varyingTexCoords = in_tex_coords; gl_Position = projection_matrix * modelview_matrix * in_position; }"; string fragmentShaderSource = @" #version 330 //#extension GL_EXT_gpu_shader4 : enable precision highp float; //uniform sampler2DArray colorMap; //in vec4 varyingColor; //in vec3 varyingTexCoords; out vec4 out_frag_color; void main(void) { out_frag_color = vec4(1,1,1,1); //out_frag_color = varyingColor; //out_frag_color = vec4(varyingColor, 1) * texture(colorMap, varyingTexCoords.st); //out_frag_color = vec4(varyingColor, 1) * texture(colorMap, vec3(varyingTexCoords.st, 0)); //out_frag_color = vec4(varyingColor, 1) * texture2DArray(colorMap, varyingTexCoords); }"; Note that in this code the color data is accepted but not actually used. The geometry is outputted the same (wrong) whether the fragment shader uses varyingColor or not. Only if I comment out the line varyingColor = in_color; does the geometry output correctly. Originally the shaders took in vec3 inputs, I only modified them to take vec4s while troubleshooting.

    Read the article

  • Understanding implementation of glu.PickMatrix()

    - by stoney78us
    I am working on an OpenGL project which requires object selection feature. I use OpenTK framework to do this; however OpenTK doesn't support glu.PickMatrix() method to define the picking region. I ended up googling its implementation and here is what i got: void GluPickMatrix(double x, double y, double deltax, double deltay, int[] viewport) { if (deltax <= 0 || deltay <= 0) { return; } GL.Translate((viewport[2] - 2 * (x - viewport[0])) / deltax, (viewport[3] - 2 * (y - viewport[1])) / deltay, 0); GL.Scale(viewport[2] / deltax, viewport[3] / deltay, 1.0); } I totally fail to understand this piece of code. Moreover, this doesn't work with my following code sample: //selectbuffer private int[] _selectBuffer = new int[512]; private void Init() { float[] triangleVertices = new float[] { 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f }; float[] _triangleColors = new float[] { 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }; GL.GenBuffers(2, _vBO); GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, _vBO[0]); GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, new IntPtr(sizeof(float) * _triangleVertices.Length), _triangleVertices, BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw); GL.VertexPointer(3, VertexPointerType.Float, 0, 0); GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, _vBO[1]); GL.BufferData(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, new IntPtr(sizeof(float) * _triangleColors.Length), _triangleColors, BufferUsageHint.StaticDraw); GL.ColorPointer(3, ColorPointerType.Float, 0, 0); GL.EnableClientState(ArrayCap.VertexArray); GL.EnableClientState(ArrayCap.ColorArray); //Selectbuffer set up GL.SelectBuffer(512, _selectBuffer); } private void glControlWindow_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e) { GL.Clear(ClearBufferMask.ColorBufferBit); GL.Clear(ClearBufferMask.DepthBufferBit); float[] eyes = { 0.0f, 0.0f, -10.0f }; float[] target = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f }; Matrix4 projection = Matrix4.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView(0.785398163f, 4.0f / 3.0f, 0.1f, 100f); //45 degree = 0.785398163 rads Matrix4 view = Matrix4.LookAt(eyes[0], eyes[1], eyes[2], target[0], target[1], target[2], 0, 1, 0); Matrix4 model = Matrix4.Identity; Matrix4 MV = view * model; //First Clear Buffers GL.Clear(ClearBufferMask.ColorBufferBit); GL.Clear(ClearBufferMask.DepthBufferBit); GL.MatrixMode(MatrixMode.Projection); GL.LoadIdentity(); GL.LoadMatrix(ref projection); GL.MatrixMode(MatrixMode.Modelview); GL.LoadIdentity(); GL.LoadMatrix(ref MV); GL.Viewport(0, 0, glControlWindow.Width, glControlWindow.Height); GL.Enable(EnableCap.DepthTest); //Enable correct Z Drawings GL.DepthFunc(DepthFunction.Less); //Enable correct Z Drawings GL.MatrixMode(MatrixMode.Modelview); GL.PushMatrix(); GL.Translate(3.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); DrawTriangle(); GL.PopMatrix(); GL.PushMatrix(); GL.Translate(-3.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); DrawTriangle(); GL.PopMatrix(); //Finally... GraphicsContext.CurrentContext.VSync = true; //Caps frame rate as to not over run GPU glControlWindow.SwapBuffers(); //Takes from the 'GL' and puts into control } private void DrawTriangle() { GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, _vBO[0]); GL.VertexPointer(3, VertexPointerType.Float, 0, 0); GL.EnableClientState(ArrayCap.VertexArray); GL.DrawArrays(BeginMode.Triangles, 0, 3); GL.DisableClientState(ArrayCap.VertexArray); } //mouse click event implementation private void glControlWindow_MouseClick(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs e) { //Enter Select mode. Pretend drawing. GL.RenderMode(RenderingMode.Select); int[] viewport = new int[4]; GL.GetInteger(GetPName.Viewport, viewport); GL.PushMatrix(); GL.MatrixMode(MatrixMode.Projection); GL.LoadIdentity(); GluPickMatrix(e.X, e.Y, 5, 5, viewport); Matrix4 projection = Matrix4.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView(0.785398163f, 4.0f / 3.0f, 0.1f, 100f); // this projection matrix is the same as one in glControlWindow_Paint method. GL.LoadMatrix(ref projection); GL.MatrixMode(MatrixMode.Modelview); int i = 0; int hits; GL.PushMatrix(); GL.Translate(3.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); GL.PushName(i); DrawTriangle(); GL.PopName(); GL.PopMatrix(); i++; GL.PushMatrix(); GL.Translate(-3.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); GL.PushName(i); DrawTriangle(); GL.PopName(); GL.PopMatrix(); hits = GL.RenderMode(RenderingMode.Render); .....hits processing code goes here... GL.PopMatrix(); glControlWindow.Invalidate(); } I expect to get only one hit everytime i click inside a triangle, but i always get 2 no matter where i click. I suspect there is something wrong with the implementation of the GluPickMatrix, I haven't figured out yet.

    Read the article

  • In 3D camera math, calculate what Z depth is pixel unity for a given FOV

    - by badweasel
    I am working in iOS and OpenGL ES 2.0. Through trial and error I've figured out a frustum to where at a specific z depth pixels drawn are 1 to 1 with my source textures. So 1 pixel in my texture is 1 pixel on the screen. For 2d games this is good. Of course it means that I also factor in things like the size of the quad and the size of the texture. For example if my sprite is a quad 32x32 pixels. The quad size is 3.2 units wide and tall. And the texcoords are 32 / the size of the texture wide and tall. Then the frustum is: matrixFrustum(-(float)backingWidth/frustumScale,(float)backingWidth/frustumScale, -(float)backingHeight/frustumScale, (float)backingHeight/frustumScale, 40, 1000, mProjection); Where frustumScale is 800 for a retina screen. Then at a distance of 800 from camera the sprite is pixel for pixel the same as photoshop. For 3d games sometimes I still want to be able to do this. But depending on the scene I sometimes need the FOV to be different things. I'm looking for a way to figure out what Z depth will achieve this same pixel unity for a given FOV. For this my mProjection is set using: matrixPerspective(cameraFOV, near, far, (float)backingWidth / (float)backingHeight, mProjection); With testing I found that at an FOV of 45.0 a Z of 38.5 is very close to pixel unity. And at an FOV of 30.0 a Z of 59.5 is about right. But how can I calculate a value that is spot on? Here's my matrixPerspecitve code: void matrixPerspective(float angle, float near, float far, float aspect, mat4 m) { //float size = near * tanf(angle / 360.0 * M_PI); float size = near * tanf(degreesToRadians(angle) / 2.0); float left = -size, right = size, bottom = -size / aspect, top = size / aspect; // Unused values in perspective formula. m[1] = m[2] = m[3] = m[4] = 0; m[6] = m[7] = m[12] = m[13] = m[15] = 0; // Perspective formula. m[0] = 2 * near / (right - left); m[5] = 2 * near / (top - bottom); m[8] = (right + left) / (right - left); m[9] = (top + bottom) / (top - bottom); m[10] = -(far + near) / (far - near); m[11] = -1; m[14] = -(2 * far * near) / (far - near); } And my mView is set using: lookAtMatrix(cameraPos, camLookAt, camUpVector, mView); * UPDATE * I'm going to leave this here in case anyone has a different solution, can explain how they do it, or why this works. This is what I figured out. In my system I use a 10th scale unit to pixels on non-retina displays and a 20th scale on retina displays. The iPhone is 640 pixels wide on retina and 320 pixels wide on non-retina (obsolete). So if I want something to be the full screen width I divide by 20 to get the OpenGL unit width. Then divide that by 2 to get the left and right unit position. Something 32 units wide centered on the screen goes from -16 to +16. Believe it or not I have an excel spreadsheet do all this math for me and output all the vertex data for my sprite sheet. It's an arbitrary thing I made up to do .1 units = 1 non-retina pixel or 2 retina pixels. I could have made it .01 units = 2 pixels and someday I might switch to that. But for now it's the other. So the width of the screen in units is 32.0, and that means the left most pixel is at -16.0 and the right most is at 16.0. After messing a bit I figured out that if I take the [0] value of an identity modelViewProjection matrix and multiply it by 16 I get the depth required to get 1:1 pixels. I don't know why. I don't know if the 16 is related to the screen size or just a lucky guess. But I did a test where I placed a sprite at that calculated depth and varied the FOV through all the valid values and the object stays steady on screen with 1:1 pixels. So now I'm just calculating the unityDepth that way. If someone gives me a better answer I'll checkmark it.

    Read the article

  • How to move a rectangle properly?

    - by bodycountPP
    I recently started to learn OpenGL. Right now I finished the first chapter of the "OpenGL SuperBible". There were two examples. The first had the complete code and showed how to draw a simple triangle. The second example is supposed to show how to move a rectangle using SpecialKeys. The only code provided for this example was the SpecialKeys method. I still tried to implement it but I had two problems. In the previous example I declared and instaciated vVerts in the SetupRC() method. Now as it is also used in the SpecialKeys() method, I moved the declaration and instantiation to the top of the code. Is this proper c++ practice? I copied the part where vertex positions are recalculated from the book, but I had to pick the vertices for the rectangle on my own. So now every time I press a key for the first time the rectangle's upper left vertex is moved to (-0,5:-0.5). This ok because of GLfloat blockX = vVerts[0]; //Upper left X GLfloat blockY = vVerts[7]; // Upper left Y But I also think that this is the reason why my rectangle is shifted in the beginning. After the first time a key was pressed everything works just fine. Here is my complete code I hope you can help me on those two points. GLBatch squareBatch; GLShaderManager shaderManager; //Load up a triangle GLfloat vVerts[] = {-0.5f,0.5f,0.0f, 0.5f,0.5f,0.0f, 0.5f,-0.5f,0.0f, -0.5f,-0.5f,0.0f}; //Window has changed size, or has just been created. //We need to use the window dimensions to set the viewport and the projection matrix. void ChangeSize(int w, int h) { glViewport(0,0,w,h); } //Called to draw the scene. void RenderScene(void) { //Clear the window with the current clearing color glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT|GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT); GLfloat vRed[] = {1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f}; shaderManager.UseStockShader(GLT_SHADER_IDENTITY,vRed); squareBatch.Draw(); //perform the buffer swap to display the back buffer glutSwapBuffers(); } //This function does any needed initialization on the rendering context. //This is the first opportunity to do any OpenGL related Tasks. void SetupRC() { //Blue Background glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,1.0f); shaderManager.InitializeStockShaders(); squareBatch.Begin(GL_QUADS,4); squareBatch.CopyVertexData3f(vVerts); squareBatch.End(); } //Respond to arrow keys by moving the camera frame of reference void SpecialKeys(int key,int x,int y) { GLfloat stepSize = 0.025f; GLfloat blockSize = 0.5f; GLfloat blockX = vVerts[0]; //Upper left X GLfloat blockY = vVerts[7]; // Upper left Y if(key == GLUT_KEY_UP) { blockY += stepSize; } if(key == GLUT_KEY_DOWN){blockY -= stepSize;} if(key == GLUT_KEY_LEFT){blockX -= stepSize;} if(key == GLUT_KEY_RIGHT){blockX += stepSize;} //Recalculate vertex positions vVerts[0] = blockX; vVerts[1] = blockY - blockSize*2; vVerts[3] = blockX + blockSize * 2; vVerts[4] = blockY - blockSize *2; vVerts[6] = blockX+blockSize*2; vVerts[7] = blockY; vVerts[9] = blockX; vVerts[10] = blockY; squareBatch.CopyVertexData3f(vVerts); glutPostRedisplay(); } //Main entry point for GLUT based programs int main(int argc, char** argv) { //Sets the working directory. Not really needed gltSetWorkingDirectory(argv[0]); //Passes along the command-line parameters and initializes the GLUT library. glutInit(&argc,argv); //Tells the GLUT library what type of display mode to use, when creating the window. //Double buffered window, RGBA-Color mode,depth-buffer as part of our display, stencil buffer also available glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_RGBA|GLUT_DEPTH|GLUT_STENCIL); //Window size glutInitWindowSize(800,600); glutCreateWindow("MoveRect"); glutReshapeFunc(ChangeSize); glutDisplayFunc(RenderScene); glutSpecialFunc(SpecialKeys); //initialize GLEW library GLenum err = glewInit(); //Check that nothing goes wrong with the driver initialization before we try and do any rendering. if(GLEW_OK != err) { fprintf(stderr,"Glew Error: %s\n",glewGetErrorString); return 1; } SetupRC(); glutMainLoop(); return 0; }

    Read the article

  • How to count each digit in a range of integers?

    - by Carlos Gutiérrez
    Imagine you sell those metallic digits used to number houses, locker doors, hotel rooms, etc. You need to find how many of each digit to ship when your customer needs to number doors/houses: 1 to 100 51 to 300 1 to 2,000 with zeros to the left The obvious solution is to do a loop from the first to the last number, convert the counter to a string with or without zeros to the left, extract each digit and use it as an index to increment an array of 10 integers. I wonder if there is a better way to solve this, without having to loop through the entire integers range. Solutions in any language or pseudocode are welcome. Edit: Answers review John at CashCommons and Wayne Conrad comment that my current approach is good and fast enough. Let me use a silly analogy: If you were given the task of counting the squares in a chess board in less than 1 minute, you could finish the task by counting the squares one by one, but a better solution is to count the sides and do a multiplication, because you later may be asked to count the tiles in a building. Alex Reisner points to a very interesting mathematical law that, unfortunately, doesn’t seem to be relevant to this problem. Andres suggests the same algorithm I’m using, but extracting digits with %10 operations instead of substrings. John at CashCommons and phord propose pre-calculating the digits required and storing them in a lookup table or, for raw speed, an array. This could be a good solution if we had an absolute, unmovable, set in stone, maximum integer value. I’ve never seen one of those. High-Performance Mark and strainer computed the needed digits for various ranges. The result for one millon seems to indicate there is a proportion, but the results for other number show different proportions. strainer found some formulas that may be used to count digit for number which are a power of ten. Robert Harvey had a very interesting experience posting the question at MathOverflow. One of the math guys wrote a solution using mathematical notation. Aaronaught developed and tested a solution using mathematics. After posting it he reviewed the formulas originated from Math Overflow and found a flaw in it (point to Stackoverflow :). noahlavine developed an algorithm and presented it in pseudocode. A new solution After reading all the answers, and doing some experiments, I found that for a range of integer from 1 to 10n-1: For digits 1 to 9, n*10(n-1) pieces are needed For digit 0, if not using leading zeros, n*10n-1 - ((10n-1) / 9) are needed For digit 0, if using leading zeros, n*10n-1 - n are needed The first formula was found by strainer (and probably by others), and I found the other two by trial and error (but they may be included in other answers). For example, if n = 6, range is 1 to 999,999: For digits 1 to 9 we need 6*105 = 600,000 of each one For digit 0, without leading zeros, we need 6*105 – (106-1)/9 = 600,000 - 111,111 = 488,889 For digit 0, with leading zeros, we need 6*105 – 6 = 599,994 These numbers can be checked using High-Performance Mark results. Using these formulas, I improved the original algorithm. It still loops from the first to the last number in the range of integers, but, if it finds a number which is a power of ten, it uses the formulas to add to the digits count the quantity for a full range of 1 to 9 or 1 to 99 or 1 to 999 etc. Here's the algorithm in pseudocode: integer First,Last //First and last number in the range integer Number //Current number in the loop integer Power //Power is the n in 10^n in the formulas integer Nines //Nines is the resut of 10^n - 1, 10^5 - 1 = 99999 integer Prefix //First digits in a number. For 14,200, prefix is 142 array 0..9 Digits //Will hold the count for all the digits FOR Number = First TO Last CALL TallyDigitsForOneNumber WITH Number,1 //Tally the count of each digit //in the number, increment by 1 //Start of optimization. Comments are for Number = 1,000 and Last = 8,000. Power = Zeros at the end of number //For 1,000, Power = 3 IF Power 0 //The number ends in 0 00 000 etc Nines = 10^Power-1 //Nines = 10^3 - 1 = 1000 - 1 = 999 IF Number+Nines <= Last //If 1,000+999 < 8,000, add a full set Digits[0-9] += Power*10^(Power-1) //Add 3*10^(3-1) = 300 to digits 0 to 9 Digits[0] -= -Power //Adjust digit 0 (leading zeros formula) Prefix = First digits of Number //For 1000, prefix is 1 CALL TallyDigitsForOneNumber WITH Prefix,Nines //Tally the count of each //digit in prefix, //increment by 999 Number += Nines //Increment the loop counter 999 cycles ENDIF ENDIF //End of optimization ENDFOR SUBROUTINE TallyDigitsForOneNumber PARAMS Number,Count REPEAT Digits [ Number % 10 ] += Count Number = Number / 10 UNTIL Number = 0 For example, for range 786 to 3,021, the counter will be incremented: By 1 from 786 to 790 (5 cycles) By 9 from 790 to 799 (1 cycle) By 1 from 799 to 800 By 99 from 800 to 899 By 1 from 899 to 900 By 99 from 900 to 999 By 1 from 999 to 1000 By 999 from 1000 to 1999 By 1 from 1999 to 2000 By 999 from 2000 to 2999 By 1 from 2999 to 3000 By 1 from 3000 to 3010 (10 cycles) By 9 from 3010 to 3019 (1 cycle) By 1 from 3019 to 3021 (2 cycles) Total: 28 cycles Without optimization: 2,235 cycles Note that this algorithm solves the problem without leading zeros. To use it with leading zeros, I used a hack: If range 700 to 1,000 with leading zeros is needed, use the algorithm for 10,700 to 11,000 and then substract 1,000 - 700 = 300 from the count of digit 1. Benchmark and Source code I tested the original approach, the same approach using %10 and the new solution for some large ranges, with these results: Original 104.78 seconds With %10 83.66 With Powers of Ten 0.07 A screenshot of the benchmark application: If you would like to see the full source code or run the benchmark, use these links: Complete Source code (in Clarion): http://sca.mx/ftp/countdigits.txt Compilable project and win32 exe: http://sca.mx/ftp/countdigits.zip Accepted answer noahlavine solution may be correct, but l just couldn’t follow the pseudo code, I think there are some details missing or not completely explained. Aaronaught solution seems to be correct, but the code is just too complex for my taste. I accepted strainer’s answer, because his line of thought guided me to develop this new solution.

    Read the article

  • Polynomial division overloading operator (solved)

    - by Vlad
    Ok. here's the operations i successfully code so far thank's to your help: Adittion: polinom operator+(const polinom& P) const { polinom Result; constIter i = poly.begin(), j = P.poly.begin(); while (i != poly.end() && j != P.poly.end()) { //logic while both iterators are valid if (i->pow > j->pow) { //if the current term's degree of the first polynomial is bigger Result.insert(i->coef, i->pow); i++; } else if (j->pow > i->pow) { // if the other polynomial's term degree is bigger Result.insert(j->coef, j->pow); j++; } else { // if both are equal Result.insert(i->coef + j->coef, i->pow); i++; j++; } } //handle the remaining items in each list //note: at least one will be equal to end(), but that loop will simply be skipped while (i != poly.end()) { Result.insert(i->coef, i->pow); ++i; } while (j != P.poly.end()) { Result.insert(j->coef, j->pow); ++j; } return Result; } Subtraction: polinom operator-(const polinom& P) const //fixed prototype re. const-correctness { polinom Result; constIter i = poly.begin(), j = P.poly.begin(); while (i != poly.end() && j != P.poly.end()) { //logic while both iterators are valid if (i->pow > j->pow) { //if the current term's degree of the first polynomial is bigger Result.insert(-(i->coef), i->pow); i++; } else if (j->pow > i->pow) { // if the other polynomial's term degree is bigger Result.insert(-(j->coef), j->pow); j++; } else { // if both are equal Result.insert(i->coef - j->coef, i->pow); i++; j++; } } //handle the remaining items in each list //note: at least one will be equal to end(), but that loop will simply be skipped while (i != poly.end()) { Result.insert(i->coef, i->pow); ++i; } while (j != P.poly.end()) { Result.insert(j->coef, j->pow); ++j; } return Result; } Multiplication: polinom operator*(const polinom& P) const { polinom Result; constIter i, j, lastItem = Result.poly.end(); Iter it1, it2, first, last; int nr_matches; for (i = poly.begin() ; i != poly.end(); i++) { for (j = P.poly.begin(); j != P.poly.end(); j++) Result.insert(i->coef * j->coef, i->pow + j->pow); } Result.poly.sort(SortDescending()); lastItem--; while (true) { nr_matches = 0; for (it1 = Result.poly.begin(); it1 != lastItem; it1++) { first = it1; last = it1; first++; for (it2 = first; it2 != Result.poly.end(); it2++) { if (it2->pow == it1->pow) { it1->coef += it2->coef; nr_matches++; } } nr_matches++; do { last++; nr_matches--; } while (nr_matches != 0); Result.poly.erase(first, last); } if (nr_matches == 0) break; } return Result; } Division(Edited): polinom operator/(const polinom& P) const { polinom Result, temp2; polinom temp = *this; Iter i = temp.poly.begin(); constIter j = P.poly.begin(); int resultSize = 0; if (temp.poly.size() < 2) { if (i->pow >= j->pow) { Result.insert(i->coef / j->coef, i->pow - j->pow); temp = temp - Result * P; } else { Result.insert(0, 0); } } else { while (true) { if (i->pow >= j->pow) { Result.insert(i->coef / j->coef, i->pow - j->pow); if (Result.poly.size() < 2) temp2 = Result; else { temp2 = Result; resultSize = Result.poly.size(); for (int k = 1 ; k != resultSize; k++) temp2.poly.pop_front(); } temp = temp - temp2 * P; } else break; } } return Result; } }; The first three are working correctly but division doesn't as it seems the program is in a infinite loop. Final Update After listening to Dave, I finally made it by overloading both / and & to return the quotient and the remainder so thanks a lot everyone for your help and especially you Dave for your great idea! P.S. If anyone wants for me to post these 2 overloaded operator please ask it by commenting on my post (and maybe give a vote up for everyone involved).

    Read the article

  • Polynomial division overloading operator

    - by Vlad
    Ok. here's the operations i successfully code so far thank's to your help: Adittion: polinom operator+(const polinom& P) const { polinom Result; constIter i = poly.begin(), j = P.poly.begin(); while (i != poly.end() && j != P.poly.end()) { //logic while both iterators are valid if (i->pow > j->pow) { //if the current term's degree of the first polynomial is bigger Result.insert(i->coef, i->pow); i++; } else if (j->pow > i->pow) { // if the other polynomial's term degree is bigger Result.insert(j->coef, j->pow); j++; } else { // if both are equal Result.insert(i->coef + j->coef, i->pow); i++; j++; } } //handle the remaining items in each list //note: at least one will be equal to end(), but that loop will simply be skipped while (i != poly.end()) { Result.insert(i->coef, i->pow); ++i; } while (j != P.poly.end()) { Result.insert(j->coef, j->pow); ++j; } return Result; } Subtraction: polinom operator-(const polinom& P) const //fixed prototype re. const-correctness { polinom Result; constIter i = poly.begin(), j = P.poly.begin(); while (i != poly.end() && j != P.poly.end()) { //logic while both iterators are valid if (i->pow > j->pow) { //if the current term's degree of the first polynomial is bigger Result.insert(-(i->coef), i->pow); i++; } else if (j->pow > i->pow) { // if the other polynomial's term degree is bigger Result.insert(-(j->coef), j->pow); j++; } else { // if both are equal Result.insert(i->coef - j->coef, i->pow); i++; j++; } } //handle the remaining items in each list //note: at least one will be equal to end(), but that loop will simply be skipped while (i != poly.end()) { Result.insert(i->coef, i->pow); ++i; } while (j != P.poly.end()) { Result.insert(j->coef, j->pow); ++j; } return Result; } Multiplication: polinom operator*(const polinom& P) const { polinom Result; constIter i, j, lastItem = Result.poly.end(); Iter it1, it2, first, last; int nr_matches; for (i = poly.begin() ; i != poly.end(); i++) { for (j = P.poly.begin(); j != P.poly.end(); j++) Result.insert(i->coef * j->coef, i->pow + j->pow); } Result.poly.sort(SortDescending()); lastItem--; while (true) { nr_matches = 0; for (it1 = Result.poly.begin(); it1 != lastItem; it1++) { first = it1; last = it1; first++; for (it2 = first; it2 != Result.poly.end(); it2++) { if (it2->pow == it1->pow) { it1->coef += it2->coef; nr_matches++; } } nr_matches++; do { last++; nr_matches--; } while (nr_matches != 0); Result.poly.erase(first, last); } if (nr_matches == 0) break; } return Result; } Division(Edited): polinom operator/(const polinom& P) { polinom Result, temp; Iter i = poly.begin(); constIter j = P.poly.begin(); if (poly.size() < 2) { if (i->pow >= j->pow) { Result.insert(i->coef, i->pow - j->pow); *this = *this - Result; } } else { while (true) { if (i->pow >= j->pow) { Result.insert(i->coef, i->pow - j->pow); temp = Result * P; *this = *this - temp; } else break; } } return Result; } The first three are working correctly but division doesn't as it seems the program is in a infinite loop. Update Because no one seems to understand how i thought the algorithm, i'll explain: If the dividend contains only one term, we simply insert the quotient in Result, then we multiply it with the divisor ans subtract it from the first polynomial which stores the remainder. If the polynomial we do this until the second polynomial( P in this case) becomes bigger. I think this algorithm is called long division, isn't it? So based on these, can anyone help me with overloading the / operator correctly for my class? Thanks!

    Read the article

  • ASM programming, how to use loop?

    - by chris
    Hello. Im first time here.I am a college student. I've created a simple program by using assembly language. And im wondering if i can use loop method to run it almost samething as what it does below the program i posted. and im also eager to find someome who i can talk through MSN messanger so i can ask you questions right away.(if possible) ok thank you .MODEL small .STACK 400h .data prompt db 10,13,'Please enter a 3 digit number, example 100:',10,13,'$' ;10,13 cause to go to next line first_digit db 0d second_digit db 0d third_digit db 0d Not_prime db 10,13,'This number is not prime!',10,13,'$' prime db 10,13,'This number is prime!',10,13,'$' question db 10,13,'Do you want to contine Y/N $' counter dw 0d number dw 0d half dw ? .code Start: mov ax, @data ;establish access to the data segment mov ds, ax mov number, 0d LetsRoll: mov dx, offset prompt ; print the string (please enter a 3 digit...) mov ah, 9h int 21h ;execute ;read FIRST DIGIT mov ah, 1d ;bios code for read a keystroke int 21h ;call bios, it is understood that the ascii code will be returned in al mov first_digit, al ;may as well save a copy sub al, 30h ;Convert code to an actual integer cbw ;CONVERT BYTE TO WORD. This takes whatever number is in al and ;extends it to ax, doubling its size from 8 bits to 16 bits ;The first digit now occupies all of ax as an integer mov cx, 100d ;This is so we can calculate 100*1st digit +10*2nd digit + 3rd digit mul cx ;start to accumulate the 3 digit number in the variable imul cx ;it is understood that the other operand is ax ;AND that the result will use both dx::ax ;but we understand that dx will contain only leading zeros add number, ax ;save ;variable <number> now contains 1st digit * 10 ;---------------------------------------------------------------------- ;read SECOND DIGIT, multiply by 10 and add in mov ah, 1d ;bios code for read a keystroke int 21h ;call bios, it is understood that the ascii code will be returned in al mov second_digit, al ;may as well save a copy sub al, 30h ;Convert code to an actual integer cbw ;CONVERT BYTE TO WORD. This takes whatever number is in al and ;extends it to ax, boubling its size from 8 bits to 16 bits ;The first digit now occupies all of ax as an integer mov cx, 10d ;continue to accumulate the 3 digit number in the variable mul cx ;it is understood that the other operand is ax, containing first digit ;AND that the result will use both dx::ax ;but we understand that dx will contain only leading zeros. Ignore them add number, ax ;save -- nearly finished ;variable <number> now contains 1st digit * 100 + second digit * 10 ;---------------------------------------------------------------------- ;read THIRD DIGIT, add it in (no multiplication this time) mov ah, 1d ;bios code for read a keystroke int 21h ;call bios, it is understood that the ascii code will be returned in al mov third_digit, al ;may as well save a copy sub al, 30h ;Convert code to an actual integer cbw ;CONVERT BYTE TO WORD. This takes whatever number is in al and ;extends it to ax, boubling its size from 8 bits to 16 bits ;The first digit now occupies all of ax as an integer add number, ax ;Both my variable number and ax are 16 bits, so equal size mov ax, number ;copy contents of number to ax mov cx, 2h div cx ;Divide by cx mov half, ax ;copy the contents of ax to half mov cx, 2h; mov ax, number; ;copy numbers to ax xor dx, dx ;flush dx jmp prime_check ;jump to prime check print_question: mov dx, offset question ;print string (do you want to continue Y/N?) mov ah, 9h int 21h ;execute mov ah, 1h int 21h ;execute cmp al, 4eh ;compare je Exit ;jump to exit cmp al, 6eh ;compare je Exit ;jump to exit cmp al, 59h ;compare je Start ;jump to start cmp al, 79h ;compare je Start ;jump to start prime_check: div cx; ;Divide by cx cmp dx, 0h ;reset the value of dx je print_not_prime ;jump to not prime xor dx, dx; ;flush dx mov ax, number ;copy the contents of number to ax cmp cx, half ;compare half with cx je print_prime ;jump to print prime section inc cx; ;increment cx by one jmp prime_check ;repeat the prime check print_prime: mov dx, offset prime ;print string (this number is prime!) mov ah, 9h int 21h ;execute jmp print_question ;jumps to question (do you want to continue Y/N?) this is for repeat print_not_prime: mov dx, offset Not_prime ;print string (this number is not prime!) mov ah, 9h int 21h ;execute jmp print_question ;jumps to question (do you want to continue Y/N?) this is for repeat Exit: mov ah, 4ch int 21h ;execute exit END Start

    Read the article

  • Java style FOR loop in a clojure interpeter ?

    - by Kevin
    I have a basic interpreter in clojure. Now i need to implement for (initialisation; finish-test; loop-update) { statements } inside my interpreter. I will attach my interpreter code I got so far. Any help is appreciated. Interpreter (declare interpret make-env) ;; (def do-trace false) ;; ;; simple utilities (def third ; return third item in a list (fn [a-list] (second (rest a-list)))) (def fourth ; return fourth item in a list (fn [a-list] (third (rest a-list)))) (def run ; make it easy to test the interpreter (fn [e] (println "Processing: " e) (println "=> " (interpret e (make-env))))) ;; for the environment (def make-env (fn [] '())) (def add-var (fn [env var val] (cons (list var val) env))) (def lookup-var (fn [env var] (cond (empty? env) 'error (= (first (first env)) var) (second (first env)) :else (lookup-var (rest env) var)))) ;; -- define numbers (def is-number? (fn [expn] (number? expn))) (def interpret-number (fn [expn env] expn)) ;; -- define symbols (def is-symbol? (fn [expn] (symbol? expn))) (def interpret-symbol (fn [expn env] (lookup-var env expn))) ;; -- define boolean (def is-boolean? (fn [expn] (or (= expn 'true) (= expn 'false)))) (def interpret-boolean (fn [expn env] expn)) ;; -- define functions (def is-function? (fn [expn] (and (list? expn) (= 3 (count expn)) (= 'lambda (first expn))))) (def interpret-function (fn [expn env] expn)) ;; -- define addition (def is-plus? (fn [expn] (and (list? expn) (= 3 (count expn)) (= '+ (first expn))))) (def interpret-plus (fn [expn env] (+ (interpret (second expn) env) (interpret (third expn) env)))) ;; -- define subtraction (def is-minus? (fn [expn] (and (list? expn) (= 3 (count expn)) (= '- (first expn))))) (def interpret-minus (fn [expn env] (- (interpret (second expn) env) (interpret (third expn) env)))) ;; -- define multiplication (def is-times? (fn [expn] (and (list? expn) (= 3 (count expn)) (= '* (first expn))))) (def interpret-times (fn [expn env] (* (interpret (second expn) env) (interpret (third expn) env)))) ;; -- define division (def is-divides? (fn [expn] (and (list? expn) (= 3 (count expn)) (= '/ (first expn))))) (def interpret-divides (fn [expn env] (/ (interpret (second expn) env) (interpret (third expn) env)))) ;; -- define equals test (def is-equals? (fn [expn] (and (list? expn) (= 3 (count expn)) (= '= (first expn))))) (def interpret-equals (fn [expn env] (= (interpret (second expn) env) (interpret (third expn) env)))) ;; -- define greater-than test (def is-greater-than? (fn [expn] (and (list? expn) (= 3 (count expn)) (= '> (first expn))))) (def interpret-greater-than (fn [expn env] (> (interpret (second expn) env) (interpret (third expn) env)))) ;; -- define not (def is-not? (fn [expn] (and (list? expn) (= 2 (count expn)) (= 'not (first expn))))) (def interpret-not (fn [expn env] (not (interpret (second expn) env)))) ;; -- define or (def is-or? (fn [expn] (and (list? expn) (= 3 (count expn)) (= 'or (first expn))))) (def interpret-or (fn [expn env] (or (interpret (second expn) env) (interpret (third expn) env)))) ;; -- define and (def is-and? (fn [expn] (and (list? expn) (= 3 (count expn)) (= 'and (first expn))))) (def interpret-and (fn [expn env] (and (interpret (second expn) env) (interpret (third expn) env)))) ;; -- define with (def is-with? (fn [expn] (and (list? expn) (= 3 (count expn)) (= 'with (first expn))))) (def interpret-with (fn [expn env] (interpret (third expn) (add-var env (first (second expn)) (interpret (second (second expn)) env))))) ;; -- define if (def is-if? (fn [expn] (and (list? expn) (= 4 (count expn)) (= 'if (first expn))))) (def interpret-if (fn [expn env] (cond (interpret (second expn) env) (interpret (third expn) env) :else (interpret (fourth expn) env)))) ;; -- define function-application (def is-function-application? (fn [expn env] (and (list? expn) (= 2 (count expn)) (is-function? (interpret (first expn) env))))) (def interpret-function-application (fn [expn env] (let [function (interpret (first expn) env)] (interpret (third function) (add-var env (first (second function)) (interpret (second expn) env)))))) ;; the interpreter itself (def interpret (fn [expn env] (cond do-trace (println "Interpret is processing: " expn)) (cond ; basic values (is-number? expn) (interpret-number expn env) (is-symbol? expn) (interpret-symbol expn env) (is-boolean? expn) (interpret-boolean expn env) (is-function? expn) (interpret-function expn env) ; built-in functions (is-plus? expn) (interpret-plus expn env) (is-minus? expn) (interpret-minus expn env) (is-times? expn) (interpret-times expn env) (is-divides? expn) (interpret-divides expn env) (is-equals? expn) (interpret-equals expn env) (is-greater-than? expn) (interpret-greater-than expn env) (is-not? expn) (interpret-not expn env) (is-or? expn) (interpret-or expn env) (is-and? expn) (interpret-and expn env) ; special syntax (is-with? expn) (interpret-with expn env) (is-if? expn) (interpret-if expn env) ; functions (is-function-application? expn env) (interpret-function-application expn env) :else 'error)))

    Read the article

  • Array subscript is not an integer

    - by Dimitri
    Hello folks, following this previous question Malloc Memory Corruption in C, now i have another problem. I have the same code. Now I am trying to multiply the values contained in the arrays A * vc and store in res. Then A is set to zero and i do a second multiplication with res and vc and i store the values in A. (A and Q are square matrices and mc and vc are N lines two columns matrices or arrays). Here is my code : int jacobi_gpu(double A[], double Q[], double tol, long int dim){ int nrot, p, q, k, tid; double c, s; double *mc, *vc, *res; int i,kc; double vc1, vc2; mc = (double *)malloc(2 * dim * sizeof(double)); vc = (double *)malloc(2 * dim * sizeof(double)); vc = (double *)malloc(dim * dim * sizeof(double)); if( mc == NULL || vc == NULL){ fprintf(stderr, "pb allocation matricre\n"); exit(1); } nrot = 0; for(k = 0; k < dim - 1; k++){ eye(mc, dim); eye(vc, dim); for(tid = 0; tid < floor(dim /2); tid++){ p = (tid + k)%(dim - 1); if(tid != 0) q = (dim - tid + k - 1)%(dim - 1); else q = dim - 1; printf("p = %d | q = %d\n", p, q); if(fabs(A[p + q*dim]) > tol){ nrot++; symschur2(A, dim, p, q, &c, &s); mc[2*tid] = p; vc[2 * tid] = c; mc[2*tid + 1] = q; vc[2*tid + 1] = -s; mc[2*tid + 2*(dim - 2*tid) - 2] = p; vc[2*tid + 2*(dim - 2*tid) - 2 ] = s; mc[2*tid + 2*(dim - 2*tid) - 1] = q; vc[2 * tid + 2*(dim - 2*tid) - 1 ] = c; } } for( i = 0; i< dim; i++){ for(kc=0; kc < dim; kc++){ if( kc < floor(dim/2)) { vc1 = vc[2*kc + i*dim]; vc2 = vc[2*kc + 2*(dim - 2*kc) - 2]; }else { vc1 = vc[2*kc+1 + i*dim]; vc2 = vc[2*kc - 2*(dim - 2*kc) - 1]; } res[kc + i*dim] = A[mc[2*kc] + i*dim]*vc1 + A[mc[2*kc + 1] + i*dim]*vc2; } } zero(A, dim); for( i = 0; i< dim; i++){ for(kc=0; kc < dim; k++){ if( k < floor(dim/2)){ vc1 = vc[2*kc + i*dim]; vc2 = vc[2*kc + 2*(dim - 2*kc) - 2]; }else { vc1 = vc[2*kc+1 + i*dim]; vc2 = vc[2*kc - 2*(dim - 2*kc) - 1]; } A[kc + i*dim] = res[mc[2*kc] + i*dim]*vc1 + res[mc[2*kc + 1] + i*dim]*vc2; } } affiche(mc,dim,2,"Matrice creuse"); affiche(vc,dim,2,"Valeur creuse"); } free(mc); free(vc); free(res); return nrot; } When i try to compile, i have this error : jacobi_gpu.c: In function ‘jacobi_gpu’: jacobi_gpu.c:103: error: array subscript is not an integer jacobi_gpu.c:103: error: array subscript is not an integer jacobi_gpu.c:118: error: array subscript is not an integer jacobi_gpu.c:118: error: array subscript is not an integer make: *** [jacobi_gpu.o] Erreur 1 The corresponding lines are where I store the results in res and A : res[kc + i*dim] = A[mc[2*kc] + i*dim]*vc1 + A[mc[2*kc + 1] + i*dim]*vc2; and A[kc + i*dim] = res[mc[2*kc] + i*dim]*vc1 + res[mc[2*kc + 1] + i*dim]*vc2; Can someone explain me what is this error and how can i correct it? Thanks for your help. ;)

    Read the article

  • How does Ocaml decide precedence for user-defined operators?

    - by forefinger
    I want nice operators for complex arithmetic to make my code more readable. Ocaml has a Complex module, so I just want to add operators that call those functions. The most intuitive way for me is to make a new complex operator from all of the usual operators by appending '&' to the operator symbol. Thus +& and *& will be complex addition and multiplication. I would also like ~& to be complex conjugation. If I'm going to use these operators, I want them to associate the same way that normal arithmetic associates. Based on the following sessions, they are automatically behaving the way I want, but I would like to understand why, so that I don't get horrible bugs when I introduce more operators. My current guess is that their precedence is done by lexically sorting the operator symbols according to an ordering that is consistent with normal arithmetic precedence. But I cannot confirm this. Session one: # open Complex;; # let (+&) a b = add a b;; val ( +& ) : Complex.t -> Complex.t -> Complex.t = <fun> # let ( *&) a b = mul a b;; val ( *& ) : Complex.t -> Complex.t -> Complex.t = <fun> # one +& zero *& one +& zero *& one;; - : Complex.t = {re = 1.; im = 0.} # zero +& one *& zero +& one *& zero;; - : Complex.t = {re = 0.; im = 0.} # i +& i *& i +& i *& i *& i;; - : Complex.t = {re = -1.; im = 0.} Session two: # open Complex;; # let ( *&) a b = mul a b;; val ( *& ) : Complex.t -> Complex.t -> Complex.t = <fun> # let (+&) a b = add a b;; val ( +& ) : Complex.t -> Complex.t -> Complex.t = <fun> # one +& zero *& one +& zero *& one;; - : Complex.t = {re = 1.; im = 0.} # zero +& one *& zero +& one *& zero;; - : Complex.t = {re = 0.; im = 0.} # i +& i *& i +& i *& i *& i;; - : Complex.t = {re = -1.; im = 0.} # let (~&) a = conj a;; val ( ~& ) : Complex.t -> Complex.t = <fun> # (one +& i) *& ~& (one +& i);; - : Complex.t = {re = 2.; im = 0.}

    Read the article

  • C++ vs Matlab vs Python as a main language for Computer Vision Postgraduate

    - by Hough
    Hi all, Firstly, sorry for a somewhat long question but I think that many people are in the same situation as me and hopefully they can also gain some benefit from this. I'll be starting my PhD very soon which involve the fields of computer vision, pattern recognition and machine learning. Currently, I'm using opencv (2.1) C++ interface and I especially like its powerful Mat class and the overloaded operations available for matrix and image seamless operations and transformations. I've also tried (and implemented many small vision projects) using opencv python interface (new bindings; opencv 2.1) and I really enjoy python's ability to integrate opencv, numpy, scipy and matplotlib. But recently, I went back to opencv C++ interface because I felt that the official python new bindings were not stable enough and no overloaded operations are available for matrices and images, not to mention the lack of machine learning modules and slow speeds in certain operations. I've also used Matlab extensively in the past and although I've used mex files and other means to speed up the program, I just felt that Matlab's performance was inadequate for real-time vision tasks, be it for fast prototyping or not. When the project becomes larger and larger, many tasks have to be re-written in C and compiled into Mex files increasingly and Matlab becomes nothing more than a glue language. Here comes the sub-questions: For postgrad studies in these fields (machine learning, vision, pattern recognition), what is your main or ideal programming language for rapid prototyping of ideas and testing algorithms contained in papers? For postgrad studies, can you list down the pros and cons of using the following languages? C++ (with opencv + gsl + svmlib + other libraries) vs Matlab (with all its toolboxes) vs python (with the imcomplete opencv bindings + numpy + scipy + matplotlib). Are there computer vision PhD/postgrad students here who are using only C++ (with all its availabe libraries including opencv) without even needing to resort to Matlab or python? In other words, given the current existing computer vision or machine learning libraries, is C++ alone sufficient for fast prototyping of ideas? If you're currently using Java or C# for your postgrad work, can you list down the reasons why they should be used and how they compare to other languages in terms of available libraries? What is the de facto vision/machine learning programming language and its associated libraries used in your university research group? Thanks in advance.

    Read the article

  • Flash -> ByteArray -> AMFPHP -> Invalid Image !??

    - by undefined
    Hi, Im loading images into Flash and using JPGEncoder to encode the image to a ByteArray and send this to AMF PHP which writes out the bytearray to a file. This all appears to work correctly and I can download the resulting file in Photoshop CS4 absolutely fine. When i try to open it from the desktop or open it back in Flash it doesnt work... Picasa my default image browser says "Invalid" Here is the code i use to write the bytearray to a file - $jpg = $GLOBALS["HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA"]; file_put_contents($filename, $jpg); That's it ... I use the NetConnection class to connect and call the service, do I need to say Im sending jpg data? I assumed that JPGEncoder took care of that. How can I validate the bytearray before writing the file? Do I need to set MIME type or something .. excuse the slightly noob questions, a little knowledge can be a dangerous thing. Thanks --------------------------------------- PART II ------------------------------------------ Here is some code - 1) load the image into Flash player item.load(); function _onImageDataLoaded(evt:Event):void { var tmpFileRef:FileReference=FileReference(evt.target); image_loader=new Loader ; image_loader.contentLoaderInfo.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, _onImageLoaded); image_loader.loadBytes(tmpFileRef.data); } function _onImageLoaded(evt:Event):void { bitmap=Bitmap(evt.target.content); bitmap.smoothing=true; if (bitmap.width>MAX_WIDTH||bitmap.height>MAX_HEIGHT) { resizeBitmap(bitmap); } uploadResizedImage(bitmap); } function resizeBitmap(target:Bitmap):void { if (target.height>target.width) { target.width=MAX_WIDTH; target.scaleY=target.scaleX; } else if (target.width >= target.height) { target.height=MAX_HEIGHT; target.scaleX=target.scaleY; } } function uploadResizedImage(target:Bitmap):void { var _bmd:BitmapData=new BitmapData(target.width,target.height); _bmd.draw(target, new Matrix(target.scaleX, 0, 0, target.scaleY)); var encoded_jpg:JPGEncoder=new JPGEncoder(90); var jpg_binary:ByteArray=encoded_jpg.encode(_bmd); _uploadService=new NetConnection(); _uploadService.objectEncoding=ObjectEncoding.AMF3 _uploadService.connect("http://.../amfphp/gateway.php"); _uploadService.call("UploadService.receiveByteArray",new Responder(success, error), jpg_binary, currentImageFilename); } Many thanks for you help

    Read the article

  • Loading, listing, and using R Modules and Functions in PL/R

    - by Dave Jarvis
    I am having difficulty with: Listing the R packages and functions available to PostgreSQL. Installing a package (such as Kendall) for use with PL/R Calling an R function within PostgreSQL Listing Available R Packages Q.1. How do you find out what R modules have been loaded? SELECT * FROM r_typenames(); That shows the types that are available, but what about checking if Kendall( X, Y ) is loaded? For example, the documentation shows: CREATE TABLE plr_modules ( modseq int4, modsrc text ); That seems to allow inserting records to dictate that Kendall is to be loaded, but the following code doesn't explain, syntactically, how to ensure that it gets loaded: INSERT INTO plr_modules VALUES (0, 'pg.test.module.load <-function(msg) {print(msg)}'); Q.2. What would the above line look like if you were trying to load Kendall? Q.3. Is it applicable? Installing R Packages Using the "synaptic" package manager the following packages have been installed: r-base r-base-core r-base-dev r-base-html r-base-latex r-cran-acepack r-cran-boot r-cran-car r-cran-chron r-cran-cluster r-cran-codetools r-cran-design r-cran-foreign r-cran-hmisc r-cran-kernsmooth r-cran-lattice r-cran-matrix r-cran-mgcv r-cran-nlme r-cran-quadprog r-cran-robustbase r-cran-rpart r-cran-survival r-cran-vr r-recommended Q.4. How do I know if Kendall is in there? Q.5. If it isn't, how do I find out what package it is in? Q.6. If it isn't in a package suitable for installing with apt-get (aptitude, synaptic, dpkg, what have you), how do I go about installing it on Ubuntu? Q.7. Where are the installation steps documented? Calling R Functions I have the following code: EXECUTE 'SELECT ' 'regr_slope( amount, year_taken ),' 'regr_intercept( amount, year_taken ),' 'corr( amount, year_taken ),' 'sum( measurements ) AS total_measurements ' 'FROM temp_regression' INTO STRICT slope, intercept, correlation, total_measurements; This code calls the PostgreSQL function corr to calculate Pearson's correlation over the data. Ideally, I'd like to do the following (by switching corr for plr_kendall): EXECUTE 'SELECT ' 'regr_slope( amount, year_taken ),' 'regr_intercept( amount, year_taken ),' 'plr_kendall( amount, year_taken ),' 'sum( measurements ) AS total_measurements ' 'FROM temp_regression' INTO STRICT slope, intercept, correlation, total_measurements; Q.8. Do I have to write plr_kendall myself? Q.9. Where can I find a simple example that walks through: Loading an R module into PG. Writing a PG wrapper for the desired R function. Calling the PG wrapper from a SELECT. For example, would the last two steps look like: create or replace function plr_kendall( _float8, _float8 ) returns float as ' agg_kendall(arg1, arg2) ' language 'plr'; CREATE AGGREGATE agg_kendall ( sfunc = plr_array_accum, basetype = float8, -- ??? stype = _float8, -- ??? finalfunc = plr_kendall ); And then the SELECT as above? Thank you!

    Read the article

  • Extract information from conditional formula

    - by Ken Williams
    I'd like to write an R function that accepts a formula as its first argument, similar to lm() or glm() and friends. In this case, it's a function that takes a data frame and writes out a file in SVMLight format, which has this general form: <line> .=. <target> <feature>:<value> <feature>:<value> ... <feature>:<value> # <info> <target> .=. +1 | -1 | 0 | <float> <feature> .=. <integer> | "qid" <value> .=. <float> <info> .=. <string> for example, the following data frame: result qid f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 1 -1 1 0.0000 0.1253 0.0000 0.1017 0.00 0.0000 0.0000 0.9999 2 -1 1 0.0098 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 0.0316 0.0000 0.3661 3 1 1 0.0000 0.0000 0.1941 0.0000 0.00 0.0000 0.0509 0.0000 4 -1 2 0.0000 0.2863 0.0948 0.0000 0.34 0.0000 0.7428 0.0608 5 1 2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.4347 0.00 0.0000 0.9539 0.0000 6 1 2 0.0000 0.7282 0.9087 0.0000 0.00 0.0000 0.0000 0.0355 would be represented as follows: -1 qid:1 2:0.1253 4:0.1017 8:0.9999 -1 qid:1 1:0.0098 6:0.0316 8:0.3661 1 qid:1 3:0.1941 7:0.0509 -1 qid:2 2:0.2863 3:0.0948 5:0.3400 7:0.7428 8:0.0608 1 qid:2 4:0.4347 7:0.9539 1 qid:2 2:0.7282 3:0.9087 8:0.0355 The function I'd like to write would be called something like this: write.svmlight(result ~ f1+f2+f3+f4+f5+f6+f7+f8 | qid, data=mydata, file="out.txt") Or even write.svmlight(result ~ . | qid, data=mydata, file="out.txt") But I can't figure out how to use model.matrix() and/or model.frame() to know what columns it's supposed to write. Are these the right things to be looking at? Any help much appreciated!

    Read the article

  • OpenCV 2.4.2 on Matlab 2012b (Windows 7)

    - by Maik Xhani
    Hello i am trying to use OpenCV 2.4.2 in Matlab 2012b. I have tried those actions: downloaded OpenCV 2.4.2 used CMake on opencv folder using Visual Studio 10 and Visual Studio 10 Win64 compiler built Debug and Release version with Visual Studio first without any other option and then with D_SCL_SECURE=1 specified for every project changed Matlab's mexopts.bat and adding new lines refering to library and include (see bottom for mexopts.bat content) with Visual Studio 10 compiler tried to compile a simple file with a OpenCV library inclusion and all goes well. try to compile something that actually uses OpenCV commands and get errors. I used openmexopencv library and when tried to compile something i get this error cv.make mex -largeArrayDims -D_SECURE_SCL=1 -Iinclude -I"C:\OpenCV\build\include" -L"C:\OpenCV\build\x64\vc10\lib" -lopencv_calib3d242 -lopencv_contrib242 -lopencv_core242 -lopencv_features2d242 -lopencv_flann242 -lopencv_gpu242 -lopencv_haartraining_engine -lopencv_highgui242 -lopencv_imgproc242 -lopencv_legacy242 -lopencv_ml242 -lopencv_nonfree242 -lopencv_objdetect242 -lopencv_photo242 -lopencv_stitching242 -lopencv_ts242 -lopencv_video242 -lopencv_videostab242 src+cv\CamShift.cpp lib\MxArray.obj -output +cv\CamShift CamShift.cpp C:\Program Files\MATLAB\R2012b\extern\include\tmwtypes.h(821) : warning C4091: 'typedef ': ignorato a sinistra di 'wchar_t' quando non si dichiara alcuna variabile c:\program files\matlab\r2012b\extern\include\matrix.h(319) : error C4430: identificatore di tipo mancante, verr… utilizzato int. Nota: default-int non Š pi— supportato in C++ the content of my mexopts.bat is @echo off rem MSVC100OPTS.BAT rem rem Compile and link options used for building MEX-files rem using the Microsoft Visual C++ compiler version 10.0 rem rem $Revision: 1.1.6.4.2.1 $ $Date: 2012/07/12 13:53:59 $ rem Copyright 2007-2009 The MathWorks, Inc. rem rem StorageVersion: 1.0 rem C++keyFileName: MSVC100OPTS.BAT rem C++keyName: Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 rem C++keyManufacturer: Microsoft rem C++keyVersion: 10.0 rem C++keyLanguage: C++ rem C++keyLinkerName: Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 rem C++keyLinkerVersion: 10.0 rem rem ******************************************************************** rem General parameters rem ******************************************************************** set MATLAB=%MATLAB% set VSINSTALLDIR=c:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0 set VCINSTALLDIR=%VSINSTALLDIR%\VC set OPENCVDIR=C:\OpenCV rem In this case, LINKERDIR is being used to specify the location of the SDK set LINKERDIR=c:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\ set PATH=%VCINSTALLDIR%\bin\amd64;%VCINSTALLDIR%\bin;%VCINSTALLDIR%\VCPackages;%VSINSTALLDIR%\Common7\IDE;%VSINSTALLDIR%\Common7\Tools;%LINKERDIR%\bin\x64;%LINKERDIR%\bin;%MATLAB_BIN%;%PATH% set INCLUDE=%OPENCVDIR%\build\include;%VCINSTALLDIR%\INCLUDE;%VCINSTALLDIR%\ATLMFC\INCLUDE;%LINKERDIR%\include;%INCLUDE% set LIB=%OPENCVDIR%\build\x64\vc10\lib;%VCINSTALLDIR%\LIB\amd64;%VCINSTALLDIR%\ATLMFC\LIB\amd64;%LINKERDIR%\lib\x64;%MATLAB%\extern\lib\win64;%LIB% set MW_TARGET_ARCH=win64 rem ******************************************************************** rem Compiler parameters rem ******************************************************************** set COMPILER=cl set COMPFLAGS=/c /GR /W3 /EHs /D_CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE /D_SCL_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE /D_SECURE_SCL=0 /DMATLAB_MEX_FILE /nologo /MD set OPTIMFLAGS=/O2 /Oy- /DNDEBUG set DEBUGFLAGS=/Z7 set NAME_OBJECT=/Fo rem ******************************************************************** rem Linker parameters rem ******************************************************************** set LIBLOC=%MATLAB%\extern\lib\win64\microsoft set LINKER=link set LINKFLAGS=/dll /export:%ENTRYPOINT% /LIBPATH:"%LIBLOC%" libmx.lib libmex.lib libmat.lib /MACHINE:X64 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib opencv_calib3d242.lib opencv_contrib242.lib opencv_core242.lib opencv_features2d242.lib opencv_flann242.lib opencv_gpu242.lib opencv_haartraining_engine.lib opencv_imgproc242.lib opencv_highgui242.lib opencv_legacy242.lib opencv_ml242.lib opencv_nonfree242.lib opencv_objdetect242.lib opencv_photo242.lib opencv_stitching242.lib opencv_ts242.lib opencv_video242.lib opencv_videostab242.lib /nologo /manifest /incremental:NO /implib:"%LIB_NAME%.x" /MAP:"%OUTDIR%%MEX_NAME%%MEX_EXT%.map" set LINKOPTIMFLAGS= set LINKDEBUGFLAGS=/debug /PDB:"%OUTDIR%%MEX_NAME%%MEX_EXT%.pdb" set LINK_FILE= set LINK_LIB= set NAME_OUTPUT=/out:"%OUTDIR%%MEX_NAME%%MEX_EXT%" set RSP_FILE_INDICATOR=@ rem ******************************************************************** rem Resource compiler parameters rem ******************************************************************** set RC_COMPILER=rc /fo "%OUTDIR%mexversion.res" set RC_LINKER= set POSTLINK_CMDS=del "%LIB_NAME%.x" "%LIB_NAME%.exp" set POSTLINK_CMDS1=mt -outputresource:"%OUTDIR%%MEX_NAME%%MEX_EXT%;2" -manifest "%OUTDIR%%MEX_NAME%%MEX_EXT%.manifest" set POSTLINK_CMDS2=del "%OUTDIR%%MEX_NAME%%MEX_EXT%.manifest" set POSTLINK_CMDS3=del "%OUTDIR%%MEX_NAME%%MEX_EXT%.map"

    Read the article

  • C++ vs Matlab vs Python as a main language for Computer Vision Research

    - by Hough
    Hi all, Firstly, sorry for a somewhat long question but I think that many people are in the same situation as me and hopefully they can also gain some benefit from this. I'll be starting my PhD very soon which involves the fields of computer vision, pattern recognition and machine learning. Currently, I'm using opencv (2.1) C++ interface and I especially like its powerful Mat class and the overloaded operations available for matrix and image operations and seamless transformations. I've also tried (and implemented many small vision projects) using opencv python interface (new bindings; opencv 2.1) and I really enjoy python's ability to integrate opencv, numpy, scipy and matplotlib. But recently, I went back to opencv C++ interface because I felt that the official python new bindings were not stable enough and no overloaded operations are available for matrices and images, not to mention the lack of machine learning modules and slow speeds in certain operations. I've also used Matlab extensively in the past and although I've used mex files and other means to speed up the program, I just felt that Matlab's performance was inadequate for real-time vision tasks, be it for fast prototyping or not. When the project becomes larger and larger, many tasks have to be re-written in C and compiled into Mex files increasingly and Matlab becomes nothing more than a glue language. Here comes the sub-questions: For carrying out research in these fields (machine learning, vision, pattern recognition), what is your main or ideal programming language for rapid prototyping of ideas and testing algorithms contained in papers? For computer vision research work, can you list down the pros and cons of using the following languages? C++ (with opencv + gsl + svmlib + other libraries) vs Matlab (with all its toolboxes) vs python (with the imcomplete opencv bindings + numpy + scipy + matplotlib). Are there computer vision PhD/postgrad students here who are using only C++ (with all its availabe libraries including opencv) without even needing to resort to Matlab or python? In other words, given the current existing computer vision or machine learning libraries, is C++ alone sufficient for fast prototyping of ideas? If you're currently using Java or C# for your research, can you list down the reasons why they should be used and how they compare to other languages in terms of available libraries? What is the de facto vision/machine learning programming language and its associated libraries used in your research group? Thanks in advance. Edit: As suggested, I've opened the question to both academic and non-academic computer vision/machine learning/pattern recognition researchers and groups.

    Read the article

  • Most efficient method to query a Young Tableau

    - by Matthieu M.
    A Young Tableau is a 2D matrix A of dimensions M*N such that: i,j in [0,M)x[0,N): for each p in (i,M), A[i,j] <= A[p,j] for each q in (j,N), A[i,j] <= A[i,q] That is, it's sorted row-wise and column-wise. Since it may contain less than M*N numbers, the bottom-right values might be represented either as missing or using (in algorithm theory) infinity to denote their absence. Now the (elementary) question: how to check if a given number is contained in the Young Tableau ? Well, it's trivial to produce an algorithm in O(M*N) time of course, but what's interesting is that it is very easy to provide an algorithm in O(M+N) time: Bottom-Left search: Let x be the number we look for, initialize i,j as M-1, 0 (bottom left corner) If x == A[i,j], return true If x < A[i,j], then if i is 0, return false else decrement i and go to 2. Else, if j is N-1, return false else increment j This algorithm does not make more than M+N moves. The correctness is left as an exercise. It is possible though to obtain a better asymptotic runtime. Pivot Search: Let x be the number we look for, initialize i,j as floor(M/2), floor(N/2) If x == A[i,j], return true If x < A[i,j], search (recursively) in A[0:i-1, 0:j-1], A[i:M-1, 0:j-1] and A[0:i-1, j:N-1] Else search (recursively) in A[i+1:M-1, 0:j], A[i+1:M-1, j+1:N-1] and A[0:i, j+1:N-1] This algorithm proceed by discarding one of the 4 quadrants at each iteration and running recursively on the 3 left (divide and conquer), the master theorem yields a complexity of O((N+M)**(log 3 / log 4)) which is better asymptotically. However, this is only a big-O estimation... So, here are the questions: Do you know (or can think of) an algorithm with a better asymptotical runtime ? Like introsort prove, sometimes it's worth switching algorithms depending on the input size or input topology... do you think it would be possible here ? For 2., I am notably thinking that for small size inputs, the bottom-left search should be faster because of its O(1) space requirement / lower constant term.

    Read the article

  • Why differs floating-point precision in C# when separated by parantheses and when separated by state

    - by Andreas Larsen
    I am aware of how floating point precision works in the regular cases, but I stumbled on an odd situation in my C# code. Why aren't result1 and result2 the exact same floating point value here? const float A; // Arbitrary value const float B; // Arbitrary value float result1 = (A*B)*dt; float result2 = (A*B); result2 *= dt; From this page I figured float arithmetic was left-associative and that this means values are evaluated and calculated in a left-to-right manner. The full source code involves XNA's Quaternions. I don't think it's relevant what my constants are and what the VectorHelper.AddPitchRollYaw() does. The test passes just fine if I calculate the delta pitch/roll/yaw angles in the same manner, but as the code is below it does not pass: X Expected: 0.275153548f But was: 0.275153786f [TestFixture] internal class QuaternionPrecisionTest { [Test] public void Test() { JoystickInput input; input.Pitch = 0.312312432f; input.Roll = 0.512312432f; input.Yaw = 0.912312432f; const float dt = 0.017001f; float pitchRate = input.Pitch * PhysicsConstants.MaxPitchRate; float rollRate = input.Roll * PhysicsConstants.MaxRollRate; float yawRate = input.Yaw * PhysicsConstants.MaxYawRate; Quaternion orient1 = Quaternion.Identity; Quaternion orient2 = Quaternion.Identity; for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) { float deltaPitch = (input.Pitch * PhysicsConstants.MaxPitchRate) * dt; float deltaRoll = (input.Roll * PhysicsConstants.MaxRollRate) * dt; float deltaYaw = (input.Yaw * PhysicsConstants.MaxYawRate) * dt; // Add deltas of pitch, roll and yaw to the rotation matrix orient1 = VectorHelper.AddPitchRollYaw( orient1, deltaPitch, deltaRoll, deltaYaw); deltaPitch = pitchRate * dt; deltaRoll = rollRate * dt; deltaYaw = yawRate * dt; orient2 = VectorHelper.AddPitchRollYaw( orient2, deltaPitch, deltaRoll, deltaYaw); } Assert.AreEqual(orient1.X, orient2.X, "X"); Assert.AreEqual(orient1.Y, orient2.Y, "Y"); Assert.AreEqual(orient1.Z, orient2.Z, "Z"); Assert.AreEqual(orient1.W, orient2.W, "W"); } } Granted, the error is small and only presents itself after a large number of iterations, but it has caused me some great headackes.

    Read the article

  • Corner Cases, Unexpected and Unusual Matlab

    - by Mikhail
    Over the years, reading others code, I encountered and collected some examples of Matlab syntax which can be at first unusual and counterintuitive. Please, feel free to comment or complement this list. I verified it r2006a. set([], 'Background:Color','red') Matlab is very forgiving sometimes. In this case, setting properties to an array of objects works also with nonsense properties, at least when the array is empty. myArray([1,round(end/2)]) This use of end keyword may seem unclean but is sometimes very handy instead of using length(myArray). any([]) ~= all([]) Surprisigly any([]) returns false and all([]) returns true. And I always thought that all is stronger then any. EDIT: with not empty argument all() returns true for a subset of values for which any() returns true (e.g. truth table). This means that any() false implies all() false. This simple rule is being violated by Matlab with [] as argument. Loren also blogged about it. Select(Range(ExcelComObj)) Procedural style COM object method dispatch. Do not wonder that exist('Select') returns zero! [myString, myCell] Matlab makes in this case an implicit cast of string variable myString to cell type {myString}. It works, also if I would not expect it to do so. [double(1.8), uint8(123)] => 2 123 Another cast example. Everybody would probably expect uint8 value being cast to double but Mathworks have another opinion. a = 5; b = a(); It looks silly but you can call a variable with round brackets. Actually it makes sense because this way you can execute a function given its handle. a = {'aa', 'bb' 'cc', 'dd'}; Surprsisingly this code neither returns a vector nor rises an error but defins matrix, using just code layout. It is probably a relict from ancient times. set(hobj, {'BackgroundColor','ForegroundColor'},{'red','blue'}) This code does what you probably expect it to do. That function set accepts a struct as its second argument is a known fact and makes sense, and this sintax is just a cell2struct away. Equvalence rules are sometimes unexpected at first. For example 'A'==65 returns true (although for C-experts it is self-evident). About which further unexpected/unusual Matlab features are you aware?

    Read the article

  • OpenGL 2D Texture Mapping problem.

    - by gutsblow
    Hi there, I am relatively new to OpenGL and I am having some issues when I am rendering an image as a texture for a QUAD which is as the same size of the image. Here is my code. I would be very grateful if someone helps me to solve this problem. The image appears way smaller and is squished. (BTW, the image dimensions are 500x375). glGenTextures( 1, &S_GLator_InputFrameTextureIDSu ); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, S_GLator_InputFrameTextureIDSu); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP); glTexParameteri (GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL_LINEAR); glTexImage2D( GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 4, S_GLator_EffectCommonData.mRenderBufferWidthSu, S_GLator_EffectCommonData.mRenderBufferHeightSu, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, dataP); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, S_GLator_InputFrameTextureIDSu); glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, S_GLator_EffectCommonData.mRenderBufferWidthSu, S_GLator_EffectCommonData.mRenderBufferHeightSu, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, bufferP); //set the matrix modes glMatrixMode( GL_PROJECTION ); glLoadIdentity(); //gluPerspective( 45.0, (GLdouble)widthL / heightL, 0.1, 100.0 ); glOrtho (0, 1, 0, 1, -1, 1); // Set up the frame-buffer object just like a window. glViewport( 0, 0, widthL, heightL ); glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glClearColor( 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f ); glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT ); glMatrixMode( GL_MODELVIEW ); glLoadIdentity(); glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, S_GLator_InputFrameTextureIDSu ); //Render the geometry to the frame-buffer object glBegin(GL_QUADS); //input frame glColor4f(1.f,1.f,1.f,1.f); glTexCoord2f(0.0f,0.0f); glVertex3f(0.f ,0.f ,0.0f); glTexCoord2f(1.0f,0.0f); glVertex3f(1.f ,0.f,0.0f); glTexCoord2f(1.0f,1.f); glVertex3f(1.f ,1.f,0.0f); glTexCoord2f(0.0f,1.f); glVertex3f(0.f ,1.f,0.0f); glEnd();

    Read the article

  • How to convert a 32bpp image to an indexed format?

    - by Ed Swangren
    So here are the details (I am using C# BTW): I receive a 32bpp image (JPEG compressed) from a server. At some point, I would like to use the Palette property of a bitmap to color over-saturated pixels (brightness 240) red. To do so, I need to get the image into an indexed format. I have tried converting the image to a GIF, but I get quality loss. I have tried creating a new bitmap in an index format by these methods: // causes a "Parameter not valid" error Bitmap indexed = new Bitmap(orig.Width, orig.Height, PixelFormat.Indexed) // no error, but the resulting image is black due to information loss I assume Bitmap indexed = new Bitmap(orig.Width, orig.Height, PixelFormat.Format8bppIndexed) I am at a loss now. The data in this image is changed constantly by the user, so I don't want to manually set pixels that have a brightness 240 if I can avoid it. If I can set the palette once when the image is created, my work is done. If I am going about this the wrong way to begin with please let me know. EDIT: Thanks guys, here is some more detail on what I am attempting to accomplish. We are scanning a tissue slide at high resolution (pathology application). I write the interface to the actual scanner. We use a line-scan camera. To test the line rate of the camera, the user scans a very small portion and looks at the image. The image is displayed next to a track bar. When the user moves the track bar (adjusting line rate), I change the overall intensity of the image in an attempt to model what it would look like at the new line rate. I do this using an ImageAttributes and ColorMatrix object currently. When the user adjusts the track bar, I adjust the matrix. This does not give me per pixel information, but the performance is very nice. I could use LockBits and some unsafe code here, but I would rather not rewrite it if possible. When the new image is created, I would like for all pixels with a brightness value of 240 to be colored red. I was thinking that defining a palette for the bitmap up front would be a clean way of doing this.

    Read the article

  • Model Fit of Binary GLM with more than 1 or 2 predictors

    - by Salmo salar
    I am trying to predict a binary GLM with multiple predictors. I can do it fine with one predictor variable however struggle when I use multiple Sample data: structure(list(attempt = structure(c(1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L), .Label = c("1", "2"), class = "factor"), searchtime = c(137, 90, 164, 32, 39, 30, 197, 308, 172, 48, 867, 117, 63, 1345, 38, 122, 226, 397, 0, 106, 259, 220, 170, 102, 46, 327, 8, 10, 23, 108, 315, 318, 70, 646, 69, 97, 117, 45, 31, 64, 125, 17, 240, 63, 549, 1651, 233, 406, 334, 168, 127, 47, 881), mean.search.flow = c(15.97766667, 14.226, 17.15724762, 14.7465, 39.579, 23.355, 110.2926923, 71.95709524, 72.73666667, 32.37466667, 50.34905172, 27.98471429, 49.244, 109.1759778, 77.71733333, 37.446875, 101.23875, 67.78534615, 21.359, 36.54257143, 34.13961111, 64.35253333, 80.98554545, 61.50857143, 48.983, 63.81072727, 26.105, 46.783, 23.0605, 33.61557143, 46.31042857, 62.37061905, 12.565, 42.31983721, 15.3982, 14.49625, 23.77425, 25.626, 74.62485714, 170.1547778, 50.67125, 48.098, 66.83644444, 76.564875, 80.63189189, 136.0573243, 136.3484, 86.68688889, 34.82169565, 70.00415385, 64.67233333, 81.72766667, 57.74522034), Pass = structure(c(1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L), .Label = c("0", "1"), class = "factor")), .Names = c("attempt", "searchtime", "mean.search.flow", "Pass"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 12L, 13L, 14L, 15L, 16L, 17L, 18L, 19L, 20L, 21L, 22L, 23L, 24L, 25L, 26L, 28L, 29L, 30L, 31L, 32L, 33L, 34L, 35L, 36L, 37L, 38L, 39L, 40L, 50L, 51L, 53L, 54L, 60L, 61L, 62L, 63L, 64L, 65L, 66L, 67L, 68L, 69L, 70L, 71L, 72L)) First model with single predictor M2 <- glm(Pass ~ searchtime, data = DF3, family = binomial) summary(M2) drop1(M2, test = "Chi") Plot works fine P1 <- predict(M2, newdata = MyData, type = "link", se = TRUE) plot(x=MyData$searchtime, exp(P1$fit) / (1+exp(P1$fit)), type = "l", ylim = c(0,1), xlab = "search time", ylab = "pobability of passage") lines(MyData$searchtime, exp(P1$fit+1.96*P1$se.fit)/ (1 + exp(P1$fit + 1.96 * P1$se.fit)), lty = 2) lines(MyData$searchtime, exp(P1$fit-1.96*P1$se.fit)/ (1 + exp(P1$fit - 1.96 * P1$se.fit)), lty = 2) points(DF3$searchtime, DF3$Search.and.pass) Second model M2a <- glm(Pass ~ searchtime + mean.search.flow+ attempt, data = DF3, family = binomial) summary(M2a) drop1(M2a, test = "Chi") How do I plot this with "dummy" data? I have tried along the lines of Model.matrix and expand.grid, as you would do with glmer, but fail straight away due to the two categorical variables along with factor(attempt)

    Read the article

  • Android - OPENGL cube is NOT in the display

    - by Marc Ortiz
    I'm trying to display a square on my display and i can't. Whats my problem? How can I display it on the screen (center of the screen)? I let my code below! Here's my render class: public class GLRenderEx implements Renderer { private GLCube cube; Context c; GLCube quad; // ( NEW ) // Constructor public GLRenderEx(Context context) { // Set up the data-array buffers for these shapes ( NEW ) quad = new GLCube(); // ( NEW ) } // Call back when the surface is first created or re-created. @Override public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) { // NO CHANGE - SKIP } // Call back after onSurfaceCreated() or whenever the window's size changes. @Override public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) { // NO CHANGE - SKIP } // Call back to draw the current frame. @Override public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) { // Clear color and depth buffers using clear-values set earlier gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); gl.glLoadIdentity(); // Reset model-view matrix ( NEW ) gl.glTranslatef(-1.5f, 0.0f, -6.0f); // Translate left and into the // screen ( NEW ) // Translate right, relative to the previous translation ( NEW ) gl.glTranslatef(3.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); quad.draw(gl); // Draw quad ( NEW ) } } And here is my square class: public class GLCube { private FloatBuffer vertexBuffer; // Buffer for vertex-array private float[] vertices = { // Vertices for the square -1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, // 0. left-bottom 1.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, // 1. right-bottom -1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, // 2. left-top 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f // 3. right-top }; // Constructor - Setup the vertex buffer public GLCube() { // Setup vertex array buffer. Vertices in float. A float has 4 bytes ByteBuffer vbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertices.length * 4); vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); // Use native byte order vertexBuffer = vbb.asFloatBuffer(); // Convert from byte to float vertexBuffer.put(vertices); // Copy data into buffer vertexBuffer.position(0); // Rewind } // Render the shape public void draw(GL10 gl) { // Enable vertex-array and define its buffer gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, vertexBuffer); // Draw the primitives from the vertex-array directly gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, vertices.length / 3); gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); } } Thanks!!

    Read the article

  • Android - Transforming widgets within transformed widgets and the resulting usability issues.

    - by Ben Rose
    Hello. I'm new to Android application development and I'm currently experimenting with various UI ideas. In the image below, you can see a vertically scrolling list of horizontally scrolling galleries (and also textviews as you can see). I'm also doing some matrix and camera transformations which I will come to in a minute. For the background of the list elements, I use green. Blue is the background of the galleries, and red is the background for the images. These are just for my benefit of learning. The galleries being used are extended classes where I overrode the drawChild method to perform a canvas scale operation in order for the image closest to the center (width) to be larger than the others. The list view going vertically, I overrode the drawChild method and used the camera rotations from lack of depth dimension in the canvas functionality. The items in the list are scaled down and rotated relative to their position's proximity to the center (height). I understood that scrolling and clicking would not necessarily follow along with the image transforms, but it appears as though the parent Gallery class's drawing is constrained to the original coordinates as well (see photo below). I would love to hear any insight any of you have regarding how I can change the coordinates of the galleries in what is rendered via gallery scroll and the touch responsiveness of said gallery. Images in the gallery are not same dimensions, so don't let that throw you in looking at the image below Thanks in advance! Ben link to image (could not embed) -- Update: I was using my test application UI and noticed that when I got the UI to the point of the linked image and then I touched the top portion of the next row in the list, the gallery updated to display the proper representation. So, I added a call to clearFocus() in the drawChild method and that resulted in more accurate drawing. It does seem a tad slower, and since I'm on the Incredible, I'm worried it is a bloated solution. In any event, I would still appreciate any thoughts you have regarding the best way to have the views display properly and how to translate the touch events in the gallery's new displayed area to its touchable coordinates so that scrolling on the actual images works when the gallery has moved. Thanks!

    Read the article

< Previous Page | 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82  | Next Page >