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• Database users in the Oracle Utilities Application Framework

  - by Anthony Shorten

  I mentioned the product database users fleetingly in the last blog post and they deserve a better mention. This applies to all versions of the Oracle Utilities Application Framework. The Oracle Utilities Application Framework uses up to three users initially as part of the base operations of the product. The type of database supported (the framework supports Oracle, IBM DB2 and Microsoft SQL Server) dictates the number of users used and their permissions. For publishing brevity I will outline what is available for the Oracle database and, in summary, mention where it differs for the other database supported. For Oracle database customers we ship three distinct database users: Administration User (SPLADM or CISADM by default) - This is the database user that actually owns the schema. This user is not used by the product to do any DML (Data Manipulation Language) SQL other than that is necessary for maintenance of the database. This database user performs all the DCL (Data Control Language) and DDL (Data Definition Language) against the database. It is typically reserved for Database Administration use only. Product Read Write User (SPLUSER or CISUSER by default) - This is the database user used by the product itself to execute DML (Data Manipulation Language) statements against the schema owned by the Administration user. This user has the appropriate read and write permission to objects within the schema owned by the Administration user. For databases such as DB2 and SQL Server we may not create this user but use other DCL (Data Control Language) statements and facilities to simulate this user. Product Read User (SPLREAD or CISREAD by default) - This is the database that has read only permission to the schema owned by the Administration user. It is used for reporting or any part of the product or interface that requires read permissions to the database (for example, products that have ConfigLab and Archiving use this user for remote access). For databases such as DB2 and SQL Server we may not create this user but use other DCL (Data Control Language) statements and facilities to simulate this user. You may notice the words by default in the list above. The values supplied with the installer are the default and can be changed to what the site standard or implementation wants to use (as long as they conform to the standards supported by the underlying database). You can even create multiples of each within the same database and pointing to same schema. To manage the permissions for the users, there is a utility provided with the installation (oragensec (Oracle), db2gensec (DB2) or msqlgensec (SQL Server)) that generates the security definitions for the above users. That can be executed a number of times for each schema to give users appropriate permissions. For example, it is possible to define more than one read/write User to access the database. This is a common technique used by implementations to have a different user per access mode (to separate online and batch). In fact you can also allocate additional security (such as resource profiles in Oracle) to limit the impact of specific users at the database. To facilitate users and permissions, in Oracle for example, we create a CISREAD role (read only role) and a CISUSER role (read write role) that can be allocated to the appropriate database user. When the security permissions utility, oragensec in this case, is executed it uses the role to determine the permissions. To give you a case study, my underpowered laptop has multiple installations on it of multiple products but I have one database. I create a different schema for each product and each version (with my own naming convention to help me manage the databases). I create individual users on each schema and run oragensec to maintain the permissions for each appropriately. It works fine as long I have setup the userids appropriately. This means: Creating the users with the appropriate roles. I use the common CISUSER and CISREAD role across versions and across Oracle Utilities Application Framework products. Just remember to associate the CISUSER role with the database user you want to use for read/write operations and the CISREAD role with the user you wish to use for the read only operations. The role is treated as a tag to indicate the oragensec utility which appropriate permissions to assign to the user. The utilities for the other database types essentially do the same, obviously using the technology available within those databases. Run oragensec against the read write user and read only user against the appropriate administration user (I will abbreviate the user to ADM user). This ensures the right permissions are allocated to the right users for the right products. To help me there, I use the same prefix on the user name for the same product. For example, my Oracle Utilities Application Framework V4 environment has the administration user set to FW4ADM and the associated FW4USER and FW4READ as the users for the product to use. For my MWM environment I used MWMADM for the administration user and MWMUSER and MWMREAD for my associated users. You get the picture. When I run oragensec (once for each ADM user), I know what other users to associate with it. Remember to rerun oragensec against the users if I run upgrades, service packs or database based single fixes. This assures that the users are in synchronization with the ADM user. As a side note, for those who do not understand the difference between DML, DCL and DDL: DDL (Data Definition Language) - These are SQL statements that define the database schema and the structures within. SQL Statements such as CREATE and DROP are examples of DDL SQL statements. DCL (Data Control Language) - These are the SQL statements that define the database level permissions to DDL maintained objects within the database. SQL Statements such as GRANT and REVOKE are examples of DCL SQL statements. DML (Database Manipulation Language) - These are SQL statements that alter the data within the tables. SQL Statements such as SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE are examples of DML SQL statements. Hope this has clarified the database user support. Remember in Oracle Utilities Application Framework V4 we enhanced this by also supporting CLIENT_IDENTIFIER to allow the database to still use the administration user for the main processing but make the database session more traceable.

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• How do I output/log the sql being executed behind the scenes by the Entity Framework in an asp .net

  - by baijajusav

  How do I output/log the sql being executed behind the scenes by the Entity Framework in an asp .net mvc application? In my case I'm using a Sql Server 2005 database. I found this question Linq to Sql logging, but I'm trying to figure out how to do this with the entity framework v1 and asp .net mvc 1.0. Any one have any ideas on how?

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• Can't get MySQL source query to work using Python mysqldb module

  - by Chris

  I have the following lines of code: sql = "source C:\\My Dropbox\\workspace\\projects\\hosted_inv\\create_site_db.sql" cursor.execute (sql) When I execute my program, I get the following error: Error 1064: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'source C:\My Dropbox\workspace\projects\hosted_inv\create_site_db.sql' at line 1 Now I can copy and past the following into mysql as a query: source C:\\My Dropbox\\workspace\\projects\\hosted_inv\\create_site_db.sql And it works perfect. When I check the query log for the query executed by my script, it shows that my query was the following: source C:\\My Dropbox\\workspace\\projects\\hosted_inv\\create_site_db.sql However, when I manually paste it in and execute, the entire create_site_db.sql gets expanded in the query log and it shows all the sql queries in that file. Am I missing something here on how mysqldb does queries? Am I running into a limitation. My goal is to run a sql script to create the schema structure, but I don't want to have to call mysql in a shell process to source the sql file. Any thoughts? Thanks!

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• PL/SQL pre-compile and Code Quality checks in an automatted build environment?

  - by Lars Corneliussen

  We build software using Hudson and Maven. We have C#, java and last, but not least PL/SQL sources (sprocs, packages, DDL, crud) For C# and Java we do unit tests and code analysis, but we don't really know the health of our PL/SQL sources before we actually publish them to the target database. Requirements There are a couple of things we wan't to test in the following priority: Are the sources valid, hence "compilable"? For packages, with respect to a certain database, would they compile? Code Quality: Do we have code flaws like duplicates, too complex methods or other violations to a defined set of rules? Also, the tool must run head-less (commandline, ant, ...) we wan't to do analysis on a partial code base (changed sources only) Tools We did a little research and found the following tools that could potencially help: Cast Application Intelligence Platform (AIP): Seems to be a server that grasps information about "anything". Couldn't find a console version that would export in readable format. Toad for Oracle: The Professional version is said to include something called Xpert validates a set of rules against a code base. Sonar + PL/SQL-Plugin: Uses Toad for Oracle to display code-health the sonar-way. This is for browsing the current state of the code base. Semantic Designs DMSToolkit: Quite general analysis of source code base. Commandline available? Semantic Designs Clones Detector: Detects clones. But also via command line? Fortify Source Code Analyzer: Seems to be focussed on security issues. But maybe it is extensible? more... So far, Toad for Oracle together with Sonar seems to be an elegant solution. But may be we are missing something here? Any ideas? Other products? Experiences? Related Questions on SO: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/531430/any-static-code-analysis-tools-for-stored-procedures http://stackoverflow.com/questions/839707/any-code-quality-tool-for-pl-sql http://stackoverflow.com/questions/956104/is-there-a-static-analysis-tool-for-python-ruby-sql-cobol-perl-and-pl-sql

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• Is there a way to parse a T-SQL select statement with the "Oslo" M runtime?

  - by Darrel Miller

  Searching around the Microsoft.M assembly I found the SourceParser class and whole set of classes in the Microsoft.TSQL10 namespace that seem related to parsing SQL but I cannot find examples of how to use it. I know the you can generate T-SQL easily enough, but can you consume it, manipulate the data structure and re-output a modified version of the SQL select?

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• How to get dynamic SQL result from SP in entity framework?

  - by KentZhou

  Suppose I have following SP to run a dynamic sql ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[MySP] AS BEGIN declare @sql varchar(4000) select @sql = 'select cnt = count(*) from Mytable ..... '; exec (@sql) END then in edmx, I add the sp and import function for this sp. the return type is scalars int32. then I want to use this function in code like: int? result = context.MySP(); I got error said "cannot implicitly convert type System.Data.Objects.ObjectResults to int?" If use var result = context.MySP(); then Single() cann't be applied to context.MySP(). How to get the result for this case?

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• how to create ODBC Data source for a SQL Server 2008 on another machine?

  - by 5YrsLaterDBA

  I was able to create an ODBC Data Source locally for my SQL Server 2008. Now I moved to anohter machine and want to connect from the new machine to that SQL Server 2008. I know by default the SQL Server 2008 will not listen for the remote connection. I have enabled its Browser and TCP/IP. Error window is like this:

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• How to get only the first row from a java.sql.ResultSet?

  - by llm

  I have a ResultSet object containing all the rows returned from an sql query. I want to be able to (in the java code, NOT force it in the SQL) to be able to take a ResultSet and transform it so that it only contains 1 (the first) row. What would be the way to acheive this? Also, is there another appropriate class (somewhere in java.sql or elsewhere) for storing just a single row rather than trimming my ResultSet? Thanks!

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• How to run a set of SQL queries from a file, in PHP?

  - by Harish Kurup

  I have some set of SQL queries which is in a file(i.e query.sql), and i want to run those queries in files using PHP, the code that i have wrote is not working, //database config's... $file_name="query.sql"; $query==file($file_name); $array_length=count($query); for($i=0;$i<$array_length;$i++) { $data .= $query[$i]; } echo $data; mysql_query($data); it echos the SQL Query from the file but throws an error at mysql_query() function...

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• How to write native SQL queries in Hibernate without hardcoding table names and fields?

  - by serg555

  Sometimes you have to write some of your queries in native SQL rather than hibernate HQL. Is there a nice way to avoid hardcoding table names and fields and get this data from existing mapping? For example instead of: String sql = "select user_name from tbl_user where user_id = :id"; something like: String sql = "select " + Hibernate.getFieldName("user.name") + " from " + Hibernate.getTableName(User.class) + " where " + Hibernate.getFieldName("user.id") + " = :id";

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• Why delete and recreate a querydef object when you can just change the .SQL property?

  - by dblE

  Do you remember the venerable old Microsoft Query by Form (QBF) VBA example from back in the day link that recommended that you delete an existing query and then recreate it dynamically?: On Error Resume Next db.QueryDefs.Delete ("qryResults") On Error GoTo 0 Set qdf = db.CreateQueryDef("qryResults", "SELECT p.*... Why not just change the SQL property of the querydef object? qdf.SQL = "SELECT p.*... I am wondering if anyone knows why the MS engineers wrote an example that suggests that you delete and then recreate a query instead of simply changing the SQL property? I would guess that the act of deleting and recreating objects over time could contribute to corruption and bloating in your front end, not to mention changing the SQL property is so much simpler. Does anyone have more insight into this?

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• Script to UPDATE STATISTICS with time window

  - by Bill Graziano

  I recently spent some time troubleshooting odd query plans and came to the conclusion that we needed better statistics.  We’ve been running sp_updatestats but apparently it wasn’t sampling enough of the table to get us what we needed.  I have a pretty limited window at night where I can hammer the disks while this runs.  The script below just calls UPDATE STATITICS on all tables that “need” updating.  It defines need as any table whose statistics are older than the number of days you specify (30 by default).  It also has a throttle so it breaks out of the loop after a set amount of time (60 minutes).  That means it won’t start processing a new table after this time but it might take longer than this to finish what it’s doing.  It always processes the oldest statistics first so it will eventually get to all of them.  It defaults to sample 25% of the table.  I’m not sure that’s a good default but it works for now.  I’ve tested this in SQL Server 2005 and SQL Server 2008.  I liked the way Michelle parameterized her re-index script and I took the same approach. CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.UpdateStatistics ( @timeLimit smallint = 60 ,@debug bit = 0 ,@executeSQL bit = 1 ,@samplePercent tinyint = 25 ,@printSQL bit = 1 ,@minDays tinyint = 30 )AS/******************************************************************* Copyright Bill Graziano 2010*******************************************************************/SET NOCOUNT ON;PRINT '[ ' + CAST(GETDATE() AS VARCHAR(100)) + ' ] ' + 'Launching...'IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#status') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE #status;CREATE TABLE #status( databaseID INT , databaseName NVARCHAR(128) , objectID INT , page_count INT , schemaName NVARCHAR(128) Null , objectName NVARCHAR(128) Null , lastUpdateDate DATETIME , scanDate DATETIME CONSTRAINT PK_status_tmp PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED(databaseID, objectID));DECLARE @SQL NVARCHAR(MAX);DECLARE @dbName nvarchar(128);DECLARE @databaseID INT;DECLARE @objectID INT;DECLARE @schemaName NVARCHAR(128);DECLARE @objectName NVARCHAR(128);DECLARE @lastUpdateDate DATETIME;DECLARE @startTime DATETIME;SELECT @startTime = GETDATE();DECLARE cDB CURSORREAD_ONLYFOR select [name] from master.sys.databases where database_id > 4OPEN cDBFETCH NEXT FROM cDB INTO @dbNameWHILE (@@fetch_status <> -1)BEGIN IF (@@fetch_status <> -2) BEGIN SELECT @SQL = ' use ' + QUOTENAME(@dbName) + ' select DB_ID() as databaseID , DB_NAME() as databaseName ,t.object_id ,sum(used_page_count) as page_count ,s.[name] as schemaName ,t.[name] AS objectName , COALESCE(d.stats_date, ''1900-01-01'') , GETDATE() as scanDate from sys.dm_db_partition_stats ps join sys.tables t on t.object_id = ps.object_id join sys.schemas s on s.schema_id = t.schema_id join ( SELECT object_id, MIN(stats_date) as stats_date FROM ( select object_id, stats_date(object_id, stats_id) as stats_date from sys.stats) as d GROUP BY object_id ) as d ON d.object_id = t.object_id where ps.row_count > 0 group by s.[name], t.[name], t.object_id, COALESCE(d.stats_date, ''1900-01-01'') ' SET ANSI_WARNINGS OFF; Insert #status EXEC ( @SQL); SET ANSI_WARNINGS ON; END FETCH NEXT FROM cDB INTO @dbNameENDCLOSE cDBDEALLOCATE cDBDECLARE cStats CURSORREAD_ONLYFOR SELECT databaseID , databaseName , objectID , schemaName , objectName , lastUpdateDate FROM #status WHERE DATEDIFF(dd, lastUpdateDate, GETDATE()) >= @minDays ORDER BY lastUpdateDate ASC, page_count desc, [objectName] ASC OPEN cStatsFETCH NEXT FROM cStats INTO @databaseID, @dbName, @objectID, @schemaName, @objectName, @lastUpdateDateWHILE (@@fetch_status <> -1)BEGIN IF (@@fetch_status <> -2) BEGIN IF DATEDIFF(mi, @startTime, GETDATE()) > @timeLimit BEGIN PRINT '[ ' + CAST(GETDATE() AS VARCHAR(100)) + ' ] ' + '*** Time Limit Reached ***'; GOTO __DONE; END SELECT @SQL = 'UPDATE STATISTICS ' + QUOTENAME(@dBName) + '.' + QUOTENAME(@schemaName) + '.' + QUOTENAME(@ObjectName) + ' WITH SAMPLE ' + CAST(@samplePercent AS NVARCHAR(100)) + ' PERCENT;'; IF @printSQL = 1 PRINT '[ ' + CAST(GETDATE() AS VARCHAR(100)) + ' ] ' + @SQL + ' (Last Updated: ' + CAST(@lastUpdateDate AS VARCHAR(100)) + ')' IF @executeSQL = 1 BEGIN EXEC (@SQL); END END FETCH NEXT FROM cStats INTO @databaseID, @dbName, @objectID, @schemaName, @objectName, @lastUpdateDateEND__DONE:CLOSE cStatsDEALLOCATE cStatsPRINT '[ ' + CAST(GETDATE() AS VARCHAR(100)) + ' ] ' + 'Completed.'GO

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• Perm SSIS Developer Urgently Required

  - by blakmk

    Job Role To provide dedicated data services support to the company, by designing, creating, maintaining and enhancing database objects, ensuring data quality, consistency and integrity. Migrating data from various sources to central SQL 2008 data warehouse will be the primary function. Migration of data from bespoke legacy database’s to SQL 2008 data warehouse. Understand key business requirements, Liaising with various aspects of the company. Create advanced transformations of data, with focus on data cleansing, redundant data and duplication. Creating complex business rules regarding data services, migration, Integrity and support (Best Practices). Experience ·         Minimum 3 year SSIS experience, in a project or BI Development role and involvement in at least 3 full ETL project life cycles, using the following methodologies and tools o    Excellent knowledge of ETL concepts including data migration & integrity, focusing on SSIS. o    Extensive experience with SQL 2005 products, SQL 2008 desirable. o    Working knowledge of SSRS and its integration with other BI products. o    Extensive knowledge of T-SQL, stored procedures, triggers (Table/Database), views, functions in particular coding and querying. o    Data cleansing and harmonisation. o    Understanding and knowledge of indexes, statistics and table structure. o    SQL Agent – Scheduling jobs, optimisation, multiple jobs, DTS. o    Troubleshoot, diagnose and tune database and physical server performance. o    Knowledge and understanding of locking, blocks, table and index design and SQL configuration. ·         Demonstrable ability to understand and analyse business processes. ·         Experience in creating business rules on best practices for data services. ·         Experience in working with, supporting and troubleshooting MS SQL servers running enterprise applications ·         Proven ability to work well within a team and liaise with other technical support staff such as networking administrators, system administrators and support engineers. ·         Ability to create formal documentation, work procedures, and service level agreements. ·         Ability to communicate technical issues at all levels including to a non technical audience. ·         Good working knowledge of MS Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Visio and Project.   Location Based in Crawley with possibility of some remote working Contact me for more info: http://sqlblogcasts.com/blogs/blakmk/contact.aspx      

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• Criminals and Other Illegal Characters

  - by Most Valuable Yak (Rob Volk)

  SQLTeam's favorite Slovenian blogger Mladen (b | t) had an interesting question on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/MladenPrajdic/status/347057950470307841 I liked Kendal Van Dyke's (b | t) reply: http://twitter.com/SQLDBA/status/347058908801667072 And he was right!  This is one of those pretty-useless-but-sounds-interesting propositions that I've based all my presentations on, and most of my blog posts. If you read all the replies you'll see a lot of good suggestions.  I particularly like Aaron Bertrand's (b | t) idea of going into the Unicode character set, since there are over 65,000 characters available.  But how to find an illegal character?  Detective work? I'm working on the premise that if SQL Server will reject it as a name it would throw an error.  So all we have to do is generate all Unicode characters, rename a database with that character, and catch any errors. It turns out that dynamic SQL can lend a hand here: IF DB_ID(N'a') IS NULL CREATE DATABASE [a]; DECLARE @c INT=1, @sql NVARCHAR(MAX)=N'', @err NVARCHAR(MAX)=N''; WHILE @c<65536 BEGIN BEGIN TRY SET @sql=N'alter database ' + QUOTENAME(CASE WHEN @c=1 THEN N'a' ELSE NCHAR(@c-1) END) + N' modify name=' + QUOTENAME(NCHAR(@c)); RAISERROR(N'*** Trying %d',10,1,@c) WITH NOWAIT; EXEC(@sql); SET @c+=1; END TRY BEGIN CATCH SET @err=ERROR_MESSAGE(); RAISERROR(N'Ooops - %d - %s',10,1,@c,@err) WITH NOWAIT; BREAK; END CATCH END SET @sql=N'alter database ' + QUOTENAME(NCHAR(@c-1)) + N' modify name=[a]'; EXEC(@sql); The script creates a dummy database "a" if it doesn't already exist, and only tests single characters as a database name.  If you have databases with single character names then you shouldn't run this on that server. It takes a few minutes to run, but if you do you'll see that no errors are thrown for any of the characters.  It seems that SQL Server will accept any character, no matter where they're from.  (Well, there's one, but I won't tell you which. Actually there's 2, but one of them requires some deep existential thinking.) The output is also interesting, as quite a few codes do some weird things there.  I'm pretty sure it's due to the font used in SSMS for the messages output window, not all characters are available.  If you run it using the SQLCMD utility, and use the -o switch to output to a file, and -u for Unicode output, you can open the file in Notepad or another text editor and see the whole thing. I'm not sure what character I'd recommend to answer Mladen's question.  I think the standard tab (ASCII 9) is fine.  There's also several specific separator characters in the original ASCII character set (decimal 28-31). But of all the choices available in Unicode whitespace, I think my favorite would be the Mongolian Vowel Separator.  Or maybe the zero-width space. (that'll be fun to print!)  And since this is Mladen we're talking about, here's a good selection of "intriguing" characters he could use.

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• Isagri recrute des jeunes diplômés, le leader de l'informatique agricole cherche des développeurs .NET, Delphi et SQL Server

  Isagri recrute des jeunes diplômés Le leader européen de l'informatique agricole cherche des développeurs qui maîtrisent Visual Studio, Delphi et SQL Server Isagri est le leader européen de l'informatique agricole Pour réécrire l'ensemble de ses 25 solutions, Isagri a choisi les technologies de développement de Microsoft (.NET et outils associés). « Les premiers bénéfices constatés sont une meilleure intégration des différents métiers qui composent la fabrication d'un logiciel », explique Pascal Chevallier, directeur adjoint d'Isagri. « C'est-à-dire l'analyse, l'infographie, le développement et les tests qualité ». C'est dans ce cadre, q...

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• The backup set holds a backup of a database other than the existing database (Microsoft SQL Server,

  - by Shravan

  Fewdays back i took the backup of my development server, I am trying to restore it in my own system. I am getting the following error.  The backup set holds a backup of a database other than the existing 'sample' database. RESTORE DATABASE is terminating abnormally. (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: 3154)   I found a following solution form pinal dev blog. It's very simple. Ex: RESTORE DATABASE Sample FROM DISK = 'C:\Sample.bak' WITH REPLACE

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• SQL SERVER The Difference between Dual Core vs. Core 2 Duo

  I have decided that I would not write on this subject until I have received a total of 25 questions on this subject. Here are a few questions from the list: Questions: What is the difference between Dual Core and Core 2 Duo? Which one is recommended for SQL Server: Core 2 Duo or Dual [...]...Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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• Is there an equivalent of jsqlparser but for SPARQL instead of SQL?

  - by Programmer

  I'm trying to use Java to construct a SPARQL query, and then send it off to a remote database. However, I'm new to both Java and SPARQL, so I was wondering if anyone could explain how to do this, rather than just posting a link. I heard there is a tool called jsqlparser for the same task, except that it's for a SQL to SPARQL conversion using Java. Conversion nor parser won't be necessary, just a method for constructing a query and querying the database provided by the user.

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• Is it possible to backup an SQL Database hosted on an Azure VM, to our internal DPM2012?

  - by Florent Courtay

  I've got an SQL database on an azure VM (non domain) that i'd like to backup to our internal DPM 2012 server. I've installed the DPM agent on the Azure VM, setup DCOM to use only the ports 5000 to 5025 on both the VM and the DPM server, created the 135, 5000-5025, 5718 5719 endpoints on azure and on the VM's firewall. When trying to add this agent to the DPM server, I end up with an error, "Unable to contact the protection Agent on server .cloudapp.net" I know there is some sort of connection between them, as using a wrong password gives me an Invalid Credentials error. The error seems to be DCOM related : When trying to connect to the Azure VM from the DPM server using VBEMTest, i get an Error "0x800706ba The RPC server is unavailable", but access is deneid when using wrong credentials ) What am i missing ? Has someone been able to achieve this kind of setup ? Thanks for your help !

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• Taming Hopping Windows

  - by Roman Schindlauer

  At first glance, hopping windows seem fairly innocuous and obvious. They organize events into windows with a simple periodic definition: the windows have some duration d (e.g. a window covers 5 second time intervals), an interval or period p (e.g. a new window starts every 2 seconds) and an alignment a (e.g. one of those windows starts at 12:00 PM on March 15, 2012 UTC). var wins = xs     .HoppingWindow(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5),                    TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2),                    new DateTime(2012, 3, 15, 12, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc)); Logically, there is a window with start time a + np and end time a + np + d for every integer n. That’s a lot of windows. So why doesn’t the following query (always) blow up? var query = wins.Select(win => win.Count()); A few users have asked why StreamInsight doesn’t produce output for empty windows. Primarily it’s because there is an infinite number of empty windows! (Actually, StreamInsight uses DateTimeOffset.MaxValue to approximate “the end of time” and DateTimeOffset.MinValue to approximate “the beginning of time”, so the number of windows is lower in practice.) That was the good news. Now the bad news. Events also have duration. Consider the following simple input: var xs = this.Application                 .DefineEnumerable(() => new[]                     { EdgeEvent.CreateStart(DateTimeOffset.UtcNow, 0) })                 .ToStreamable(AdvanceTimeSettings.IncreasingStartTime); Because the event has no explicit end edge, it lasts until the end of time. So there are lots of non-empty windows if we apply a hopping window to that single event! For this reason, we need to be careful with hopping window queries in StreamInsight. Or we can switch to a custom implementation of hopping windows that doesn’t suffer from this shortcoming. The alternate window implementation produces output only when the input changes. We start by breaking up the timeline into non-overlapping intervals assigned to each window. In figure 1, six hopping windows (“Windows”) are assigned to six intervals (“Assignments”) in the timeline. Next we take input events (“Events”) and alter their lifetimes (“Altered Events”) so that they cover the intervals of the windows they intersect. In figure 1, you can see that the first event e1 intersects windows w1 and w2 so it is adjusted to cover assignments a1 and a2. Finally, we can use snapshot windows (“Snapshots”) to produce output for the hopping windows. Notice however that instead of having six windows generating output, we have only four. The first and second snapshots correspond to the first and second hopping windows. The remaining snapshots however cover two hopping windows each! While in this example we saved only two events, the savings can be more significant when the ratio of event duration to window duration is higher. Figure 1: Timeline The implementation of this strategy is straightforward. We need to set the start times of events to the start time of the interval assigned to the earliest window including the start time. Similarly, we need to modify the end times of events to the end time of the interval assigned to the latest window including the end time. The following snap-to-boundary function that rounds a timestamp value t down to the nearest value t' <= t such that t' is a + np for some integer n will be useful. For convenience, we will represent both DateTime and TimeSpan values using long ticks: static long SnapToBoundary(long t, long a, long p) {     return t - ((t - a) % p) - (t > a ? 0L : p); } How do we find the earliest window including the start time for an event? It’s the window following the last window that does not include the start time assuming that there are no gaps in the windows (i.e. duration < interval), and limitation of this solution. To find the end time of that antecedent window, we need to know the alignment of window ends: long e = a + (d % p); Using the window end alignment, we are finally ready to describe the start time selector: static long AdjustStartTime(long t, long e, long p) {     return SnapToBoundary(t, e, p) + p; } To find the latest window including the end time for an event, we look for the last window start time (non-inclusive): public static long AdjustEndTime(long t, long a, long d, long p) {     return SnapToBoundary(t - 1, a, p) + p + d; } Bringing it together, we can define the translation from events to ‘altered events’ as in Figure 1: public static IQStreamable<T> SnapToWindowIntervals<T>(IQStreamable<T> source, TimeSpan duration, TimeSpan interval, DateTime alignment) {     if (source == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("source");     // reason about DateTime and TimeSpan in ticks     long d = Math.Min(DateTime.MaxValue.Ticks, duration.Ticks);     long p = Math.Min(DateTime.MaxValue.Ticks, Math.Abs(interval.Ticks));     // set alignment to earliest possible window     var a = alignment.ToUniversalTime().Ticks % p;     // verify constraints of this solution     if (d <= 0L) { throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("duration"); }     if (p == 0L || p > d) { throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("interval"); }     // find the alignment of window ends     long e = a + (d % p);     return source.AlterEventLifetime(         evt => ToDateTime(AdjustStartTime(evt.StartTime.ToUniversalTime().Ticks, e, p)),         evt => ToDateTime(AdjustEndTime(evt.EndTime.ToUniversalTime().Ticks, a, d, p)) -             ToDateTime(AdjustStartTime(evt.StartTime.ToUniversalTime().Ticks, e, p))); } public static DateTime ToDateTime(long ticks) {     // just snap to min or max value rather than under/overflowing     return ticks < DateTime.MinValue.Ticks         ? new DateTime(DateTime.MinValue.Ticks, DateTimeKind.Utc)         : ticks > DateTime.MaxValue.Ticks         ? new DateTime(DateTime.MaxValue.Ticks, DateTimeKind.Utc)         : new DateTime(ticks, DateTimeKind.Utc); } Finally, we can describe our custom hopping window operator: public static IQWindowedStreamable<T> HoppingWindow2<T>(     IQStreamable<T> source,     TimeSpan duration,     TimeSpan interval,     DateTime alignment) {     if (source == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("source"); }     return SnapToWindowIntervals(source, duration, interval, alignment).SnapshotWindow(); } By switching from HoppingWindow to HoppingWindow2 in the following example, the query returns quickly rather than gobbling resources and ultimately failing! public void Main() {     var start = new DateTimeOffset(new DateTime(2012, 6, 28), TimeSpan.Zero);     var duration = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);     var interval = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2);     var alignment = new DateTime(2012, 3, 15, 12, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);     var events = this.Application.DefineEnumerable(() => new[]     {         EdgeEvent.CreateStart(start.AddSeconds(0), "e0"),         EdgeEvent.CreateStart(start.AddSeconds(1), "e1"),         EdgeEvent.CreateEnd(start.AddSeconds(1), start.AddSeconds(2), "e1"),         EdgeEvent.CreateStart(start.AddSeconds(3), "e2"),         EdgeEvent.CreateStart(start.AddSeconds(9), "e3"),         EdgeEvent.CreateEnd(start.AddSeconds(3), start.AddSeconds(10), "e2"),         EdgeEvent.CreateEnd(start.AddSeconds(9), start.AddSeconds(10), "e3"),     }).ToStreamable(AdvanceTimeSettings.IncreasingStartTime);     var adjustedEvents = SnapToWindowIntervals(events, duration, interval, alignment);     var query = from win in HoppingWindow2(events, duration, interval, alignment)                 select win.Count();     DisplayResults(adjustedEvents, "Adjusted Events");     DisplayResults(query, "Query"); } As you can see, instead of producing a massive number of windows for the open start edge e0, a single window is emitted from 12:00:15 AM until the end of time: Adjusted Events StartTime EndTime Payload 6/28/2012 12:00:01 AM 12/31/9999 11:59:59 PM e0 6/28/2012 12:00:03 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:07 AM e1 6/28/2012 12:00:05 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:15 AM e2 6/28/2012 12:00:11 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:15 AM e3 Query StartTime EndTime Payload 6/28/2012 12:00:01 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:03 AM 1 6/28/2012 12:00:03 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:05 AM 2 6/28/2012 12:00:05 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:07 AM 3 6/28/2012 12:00:07 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:11 AM 2 6/28/2012 12:00:11 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:15 AM 3 6/28/2012 12:00:15 AM 12/31/9999 11:59:59 PM 1 Regards, The StreamInsight Team

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• PASS Business Intelligence Virtual Chapter Upcoming Sessions (November 2013)

  - by Sergio Govoni

  Let me point out the upcoming live events, dedicated to Business Intelligence with SQL Server, that PASS Business Intelligence Virtual Chapter has scheduled for November 2013. The "Accidental Business Intelligence Project Manager"Date: Thursday 7th November - 8:00 PM GMT / 3:00 PM EST / Noon PSTSpeaker: Jen StirrupURL: https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/5018337449405969666 You've watched the Apprentice with Donald Trump and Lord Alan Sugar. You know that the Project Manager is usually the one gets firedYou've heard that Business Intelligence projects are prone to failureYou know that a quick Bing search for "why do Business Intelligence projects fail?" produces a search result of 25 million hits!Despite all this… you're now Business Intelligence Project Manager – now what do you do?In this session, Jen will provide a "sparks from the anvil" series of steps and working practices in Business Intelligence Project Management. What about waterfall vs agile? What is a Gantt chart anyway? Is Microsoft Project your friend or a problematic aspect of being a BI PM? Jen will give you some ideas and insights that will help you set your BI project right: assess priorities, avoid conflict, empower the BI team and generally deliver the Business Intelligence project successfully! Dimensional Modelling Design Patterns: Beyond BasicsDate: Tuesday 12th November - Noon AEDT / 1:00 AM GMT / Monday 11th November 5:00 PM PSTSpeaker: Jason Horner, Josh Fennessy and friendsURL: https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/852881628115426561 This session will provide a deeper dive into the art of dimensional modeling. We will look at the different types of fact tables and dimension tables, how and when to use them. We will also some approaches to creating rich hierarchies that make reporting a snap. This session promises to be very interactive and engaging, bring your toughest Dimensional Modeling quandaries. Data Vault Data Warehouse ArchitectureDate: Tuesday 19th November - 4:00 PM PST / 7 PM EST / Wednesday 20th November 11:00 PM AEDTSpeaker: Jeff Renz and Leslie WeedURL: https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/1571569707028142849 Data vault is a compelling architecture for an enterprise data warehouse using SQL Server 2012. A well designed data vault data warehouse facilitates fast, efficient and maintainable data integration across business systems. In this session Leslie and I will review the basics about enterprise data warehouse design, introduce you to the data vault architecture and discuss how you can leverage new features of SQL Server 2012 help make your data warehouse solution provide maximum value to your users. 

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• PASS Location fixed for the next 2 years - Are they listening?

  - by simonsabin

  I've just received the PASS connector newsletter with details of the decision of where to locate the next summits. To me it shows you how you can spin statistics they way you want to. I am very suprised by the numbers 81% said that they would like an east coast event. The spin is that "When we look at responses from only 2008 and 2009 Summit attendees (our most successful ones by far), the number who want a future Summit outside of Seattle drops to 69%." Wow the number drops thats bad. We must stay in Seattle then. My take however is that 69% of those willing to travel to Seattle want an event NOT in Seattle. Doesn't that suggest that people would like an event not in Seattle. I appreciate the comment about the launch years however 2012 isn't going to be a launch year because they need to get SQL out of the door before then to meet the 3 year software assurance cycle. So sticking 2012 in Seattle is IMHO a bad decision. It might keep the cost down for the PASS org, Microsoft and the attendees that live near Seattle but does it keep the cost down for the rest of the SQL Community? They do mention a possibility of an event on the East Coast and I do hope that its not just lip service. Flights for me to the East coast look ~30% cheaper than to Seattle and I've never been to the East Coast. Come on PASS show you are listening to the community.

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• LASTDATE dates arguments and upcoming events #dax #tabular #powerpivot

  - by Marco Russo (SQLBI)

  Recently I had to write a DAX formula containing a LASTDATE within the logical condition of a FILTER: I found that its behavior was not the one I expected and I further investigated. At the end, I wrote my findings in this article on SQLBI, which can be applied to any Time Intelligence function with a <dates> argument.The key point is that when you write LASTDATE( table[column] )in reality you obtain something like LASTDATE( CALCULATETABLE( VALUES( table[column] ) ) )which converts an existing row context into a filter context.Thus, if you have something like FILTER( table, table[column] = LASTDATE( table[column] ) the FILTER will return all the rows of table, whereas you probably want to use FILTER( table, table[column] = LASTDATE( VALUES( table[column] ) ) )so that the existing filter context before executing FILTER is used to get the result from VALUES( table[column] ), avoiding the automatic expansion that would include a CALCULATETABLE that would hide the existing filter context.If after reading the article you want to get more insights, read the Jeffrey Wang's post here.In these days I'm speaking at SQLRally Nordic 2012 in Copenhagen and I will be in Cologne (Germany) next week for a SSAS Tabular Workshop, whereas Alberto will teach the same workshop in Amsterdam one week later. Both workshops still have seats available and the Amsterdam's one is still in early bird discount until October 3rd!Then, in November I expect to meet many blog readers at PASS Summit 2012 in Seattle and I hope to find the time to write other article on interesting things on Tabular and PowerPivot. Stay tuned!

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• Taming Hopping Windows

  - by Roman Schindlauer

  At first glance, hopping windows seem fairly innocuous and obvious. They organize events into windows with a simple periodic definition: the windows have some duration d (e.g. a window covers 5 second time intervals), an interval or period p (e.g. a new window starts every 2 seconds) and an alignment a (e.g. one of those windows starts at 12:00 PM on March 15, 2012 UTC). var wins = xs     .HoppingWindow(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5),                    TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2),                    new DateTime(2012, 3, 15, 12, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc)); Logically, there is a window with start time a + np and end time a + np + d for every integer n. That’s a lot of windows. So why doesn’t the following query (always) blow up? var query = wins.Select(win => win.Count()); A few users have asked why StreamInsight doesn’t produce output for empty windows. Primarily it’s because there is an infinite number of empty windows! (Actually, StreamInsight uses DateTimeOffset.MaxValue to approximate “the end of time” and DateTimeOffset.MinValue to approximate “the beginning of time”, so the number of windows is lower in practice.) That was the good news. Now the bad news. Events also have duration. Consider the following simple input: var xs = this.Application                 .DefineEnumerable(() => new[]                     { EdgeEvent.CreateStart(DateTimeOffset.UtcNow, 0) })                 .ToStreamable(AdvanceTimeSettings.IncreasingStartTime); Because the event has no explicit end edge, it lasts until the end of time. So there are lots of non-empty windows if we apply a hopping window to that single event! For this reason, we need to be careful with hopping window queries in StreamInsight. Or we can switch to a custom implementation of hopping windows that doesn’t suffer from this shortcoming. The alternate window implementation produces output only when the input changes. We start by breaking up the timeline into non-overlapping intervals assigned to each window. In figure 1, six hopping windows (“Windows”) are assigned to six intervals (“Assignments”) in the timeline. Next we take input events (“Events”) and alter their lifetimes (“Altered Events”) so that they cover the intervals of the windows they intersect. In figure 1, you can see that the first event e1 intersects windows w1 and w2 so it is adjusted to cover assignments a1 and a2. Finally, we can use snapshot windows (“Snapshots”) to produce output for the hopping windows. Notice however that instead of having six windows generating output, we have only four. The first and second snapshots correspond to the first and second hopping windows. The remaining snapshots however cover two hopping windows each! While in this example we saved only two events, the savings can be more significant when the ratio of event duration to window duration is higher. Figure 1: Timeline The implementation of this strategy is straightforward. We need to set the start times of events to the start time of the interval assigned to the earliest window including the start time. Similarly, we need to modify the end times of events to the end time of the interval assigned to the latest window including the end time. The following snap-to-boundary function that rounds a timestamp value t down to the nearest value t' <= t such that t' is a + np for some integer n will be useful. For convenience, we will represent both DateTime and TimeSpan values using long ticks: static long SnapToBoundary(long t, long a, long p) {     return t - ((t - a) % p) - (t > a ? 0L : p); } How do we find the earliest window including the start time for an event? It’s the window following the last window that does not include the start time assuming that there are no gaps in the windows (i.e. duration < interval), and limitation of this solution. To find the end time of that antecedent window, we need to know the alignment of window ends: long e = a + (d % p); Using the window end alignment, we are finally ready to describe the start time selector: static long AdjustStartTime(long t, long e, long p) {     return SnapToBoundary(t, e, p) + p; } To find the latest window including the end time for an event, we look for the last window start time (non-inclusive): public static long AdjustEndTime(long t, long a, long d, long p) {     return SnapToBoundary(t - 1, a, p) + p + d; } Bringing it together, we can define the translation from events to ‘altered events’ as in Figure 1: public static IQStreamable<T> SnapToWindowIntervals<T>(IQStreamable<T> source, TimeSpan duration, TimeSpan interval, DateTime alignment) {     if (source == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("source");     // reason about DateTime and TimeSpan in ticks     long d = Math.Min(DateTime.MaxValue.Ticks, duration.Ticks);     long p = Math.Min(DateTime.MaxValue.Ticks, Math.Abs(interval.Ticks));     // set alignment to earliest possible window     var a = alignment.ToUniversalTime().Ticks % p;     // verify constraints of this solution     if (d <= 0L) { throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("duration"); }     if (p == 0L || p > d) { throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("interval"); }     // find the alignment of window ends     long e = a + (d % p);     return source.AlterEventLifetime(         evt => ToDateTime(AdjustStartTime(evt.StartTime.ToUniversalTime().Ticks, e, p)),         evt => ToDateTime(AdjustEndTime(evt.EndTime.ToUniversalTime().Ticks, a, d, p)) -             ToDateTime(AdjustStartTime(evt.StartTime.ToUniversalTime().Ticks, e, p))); } public static DateTime ToDateTime(long ticks) {     // just snap to min or max value rather than under/overflowing     return ticks < DateTime.MinValue.Ticks         ? new DateTime(DateTime.MinValue.Ticks, DateTimeKind.Utc)         : ticks > DateTime.MaxValue.Ticks         ? new DateTime(DateTime.MaxValue.Ticks, DateTimeKind.Utc)         : new DateTime(ticks, DateTimeKind.Utc); } Finally, we can describe our custom hopping window operator: public static IQWindowedStreamable<T> HoppingWindow2<T>(     IQStreamable<T> source,     TimeSpan duration,     TimeSpan interval,     DateTime alignment) {     if (source == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("source"); }     return SnapToWindowIntervals(source, duration, interval, alignment).SnapshotWindow(); } By switching from HoppingWindow to HoppingWindow2 in the following example, the query returns quickly rather than gobbling resources and ultimately failing! public void Main() {     var start = new DateTimeOffset(new DateTime(2012, 6, 28), TimeSpan.Zero);     var duration = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);     var interval = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2);     var alignment = new DateTime(2012, 3, 15, 12, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);     var events = this.Application.DefineEnumerable(() => new[]     {         EdgeEvent.CreateStart(start.AddSeconds(0), "e0"),         EdgeEvent.CreateStart(start.AddSeconds(1), "e1"),         EdgeEvent.CreateEnd(start.AddSeconds(1), start.AddSeconds(2), "e1"),         EdgeEvent.CreateStart(start.AddSeconds(3), "e2"),         EdgeEvent.CreateStart(start.AddSeconds(9), "e3"),         EdgeEvent.CreateEnd(start.AddSeconds(3), start.AddSeconds(10), "e2"),         EdgeEvent.CreateEnd(start.AddSeconds(9), start.AddSeconds(10), "e3"),     }).ToStreamable(AdvanceTimeSettings.IncreasingStartTime);     var adjustedEvents = SnapToWindowIntervals(events, duration, interval, alignment);     var query = from win in HoppingWindow2(events, duration, interval, alignment)                 select win.Count();     DisplayResults(adjustedEvents, "Adjusted Events");     DisplayResults(query, "Query"); } As you can see, instead of producing a massive number of windows for the open start edge e0, a single window is emitted from 12:00:15 AM until the end of time: Adjusted Events StartTime EndTime Payload 6/28/2012 12:00:01 AM 12/31/9999 11:59:59 PM e0 6/28/2012 12:00:03 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:07 AM e1 6/28/2012 12:00:05 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:15 AM e2 6/28/2012 12:00:11 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:15 AM e3 Query StartTime EndTime Payload 6/28/2012 12:00:01 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:03 AM 1 6/28/2012 12:00:03 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:05 AM 2 6/28/2012 12:00:05 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:07 AM 3 6/28/2012 12:00:07 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:11 AM 2 6/28/2012 12:00:11 AM 6/28/2012 12:00:15 AM 3 6/28/2012 12:00:15 AM 12/31/9999 11:59:59 PM 1 Regards, The StreamInsight Team

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• ASP.NET Universal Providers (System.Web.Providers)

  - by shiju

  Microsoft Web Platform and Tools (WPT)  team has announced the release of ASP.NET Universal Providers that allows you to use Session, Membership, Roles and Profile providers along with all editions of SQL Server 2005 and later. This support includes Sql Server Express, Sql Server CE and Sql Azure.ASP.NET Universal Providers is available as a NuGet package and the following command will install the package via NuGet. PM> Install-Package System.Web.Providers The support for Sql Azure will help the Azure developers to easily migrate their ASP.NET applications to Azure platform. System.Web.Providers.DefaultMembershipProvider is the equivalent name for the current SqlMembershipProvider and you can put right connectionstring name in the configuration and it will work with any version of Sql Server based on the copnnection string. System.Web.Providers.DefaultProfileProvider is the equivalent provider name for existing System.Web.Profile.SqlProfileProvider and  System.Web.Providers.DefaultRoleProvider is the equivalent provider name for the existing System.Web.Security.SqlRoleProvider.

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