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  • Recursive languages vs context-sensitive languages

    - by teehoo
    In Chomsky's hierarchy, the set of recursive languages is not defined. I know that recursive languages are a subset of recursively enumerable languages and that all recursive languages are decidable. What I'm curious about is how recursive languages compare to context-sensitive languages. Can I assume that context-sensitive languages are a strict subset of recursive languages, and therefore all context-sensitive languages are decidable?

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  • Socket programming C# vs C++

    - by klay
    Hi My company is willing to develop a server application, the application will use one port, clients will connect to this port and sending data every 3 minutes, casually the server will send some data. my questions are: how many connection can be handled when connecting to one port? which language Do we choose to write the Application (mainly between C# and C++)? (performance, ease of development) thanks

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  • addSublayer vs addSubView which is more efficient?

    - by soonio
    I have 5 UIImageViews for displaying 5 images. For my app, I need swap the order of them depending on some events. I achieve this by calling: [anImageView1 removeFromSuperview]; [self.view insertSubview:anImageView1 aboveSubview:anImageView2]; Recently, I've come across a different method for doing this using 1 UIView and 5 UIImageViews. Each layer of UIImageViews are added to this UIView by calling [aView.layer addSublayer:anImageView1.layer]; [aView.layer addSublayer:anImageView2.layer]; etc. and then in order to swap the order of things by calling [anImageView1.layer removeFromSuperLayer]; [aView.layer insertSublayer:anImageView1 above: anImageView2] Both methods work fine, but can someone please point out which method is better and why? I really can't seem to be able to find much on CALayer... Please help! Thank you so much!

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  • Proof of library bug vs developer side application bug

    - by Paralife
    I have a problem with a specific java client library. I wont say here the problem or the name of the library because my question is a different one. Here is the situation: I have made a program that uses the library. The program is a class named 'WorkerThread' that extends Thread. To start it I have made a Main class that only contains a main() function that starts the thread and nothing else. The worker uses the library to perform comm with a server and get results. The problem appears when I want to run 2 WorkerThreads simultaneously. What I first did was to do this in the Main class: public class Main { public static void main(String args[]) { new WorkerThread().start(); // 1st thread. new WorkerThread().start(); // 2nd thread. } } When I run this, both threads produce irrational results and what is more , some results that should be received by 1st thread are received by the 2nd instead. If instead of the above, I just run 2 separate processes of one thread each, then everything works fine. Also: 1.There is no static class or method used inside WorkerThread that could cause the problem. My application consists of only the worker thread class and contains no static fields or methods 2.The library is supposed to be usable in a multithreaded environment. In my thread I just create a new instance of a library's class and then call methods on it. Nothing more. My question is this: Without knowing any details of my implementation, is the above situation and facts enough to prove that there is a bug in the library and not in my programm? Is it safe to assume that the library inside uses a static method or object that is indirectly shared by my 2 threads and this causes the problem? If no then in what hypothetical situation could the bug originate in the worker class code?

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  • Performance of DrawingVisual vs Canvas.OnRender for lots of constantly changing shapes

    - by romkyns
    I'm working on a game-like app which has up to a thousand shapes (ellipses and lines) that constantly change at 60fps. Having read an excellent article on rendering many moving shapes, I implemented this using a custom Canvas descendant that overrides OnRender to do the drawing via a DrawingContext. The performance is quite reasonable, although the CPU usage stays high. However, the article suggests that the most efficient approach for constantly moving shapes is to use lots of DrawingVisual instances instead of OnRender. Unfortunately though it doesn't explain why that should be faster for this scenario. Changing the implementation in this way is not a small effort, so I'd like to understand the reasons and whether they are applicable to me before deciding to make the switch. Why could the DrawingVisual approach result in lower CPU usage than the OnRender approach in this scenario?

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  • Covariance vs. contravariance

    - by alexmac
    What are the concepts of covariance and contravariance? Given 2 classes, Animal and Elephant (which inherits from Animal), my understanding is that you get runtime errors in .NET if you try and put an Elephant into an array of Animal, which happens because Elephant is "bigger" (more specific) than Animal. But could you assign Animal to an array of Elephants as Elephant is guaranteed to contain the Animal properties?

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  • TDD vs. Unit testing

    - by Walter
    My company is fairly new to unit testing our code. I've been reading about TDD and unit testing for some time and am convinced of their value. I've attempted to convince our team that TDD is worth the effort of learning and changing our mindsets on how we program but it is a struggle. Which brings me to my question(s). There are many in the TDD community who are very religious about writing the test and then the code (and I'm with them), but for a team that is struggling with TDD does a compromise still bring added benefits? I can probably succeed in getting the team to write unit tests once the code is written (perhaps as a requirement for checking in code) and my assumption is that there is still value in writing those unit tests. What's the best way to bring a struggling team into TDD? And failing that is it still worth writing unit tests even if it is after the code is written? EDIT What I've taken away from this is that it is important for us to start unit testing, somewhere in the coding process. For those in the team who pickup the concept, start to move more towards TDD and testing first. Thanks for everyone's input. FOLLOW UP We recently started a new small project and a small portion of the team used TDD, the rest wrote unit tests after the code. After we wrapped up the coding portion of the project, those writing unit tests after the code were surprised to see the TDD coders already done and with more solid code. It was a good way to win over the skeptics. We still have a lot of growing pains ahead, but the battle of wills appears to be over. Thanks for everyone who offered advice!

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  • TimeZoneInfo vs. Olson database

    - by Idsa
    Do TimeZoneInfo and Olson database use identical identificators for time zones? I get timezone id from GeoNames service (which is based on Olson database) and want to retrieve day light saving information for that timezone.

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  • JSP Custom Tag Library vs JSP2 Tag Files

    - by Vinayak.B
    Can anybody gimme the idea about the JSP custom tag library and the JSP 2 Tag files.. Are this two are alternatives to use....??? If there is any comparision(or merits and demerits) among this please do specify.. And which one of this is better to work with.. I m waiting for the kind suggestions.. Regards, Vinayak

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  • LiteSpeed vs Apache httpd

    - by Luke
    I've been hearing things lately about the LiteSpeed webserver as being a drop-in replacement for Apache webserver. Even my web host is going to replace their shared webhost environment with LiteSpeed (I'm currently not sure if I must be happy about that or not). Does anyone have any experience with the LiteSpeed webserver (both in development and production)? It would be appreciated if you could share your experience here.

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  • ReSharper Code Cleanup/Reformat Code feature vs Versioning Control Systems

    - by Romain Verdier
    ReSharper Code cleanup feature (with "reorder members" and "reformat code" enabled) is really great. You define a layout template using XML, then a simple key combination reorganizes your whole source file (or folder/project/solution) according to the rules you set in the template. Anyway, do you think that could be a problem regarding VCS like subversion, cvs, git, etc. ? Is there a chance that it causes many undesired conflicts ? Thank you.

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  • Asp.Net WriteSubsitution vs PartialView - the right way

    - by radu-negrila
    Hi, I have a partial view that should not be cached in a output cached MVC view. Usually you write non-cached content by using Response.WriteSubstitution. The problem is that WriteSubstitution takes as a parameter a HttpResponseSubstitutionCallback callback which looks like this: public delegate string HttpResponseSubstitutionCallback(System.Web.HttpContext context) This is where things get complicated since there is no easy/fun way to generate the html on the fly. You have to do a hack like this. So the question is: Is there an easier way to make a partial view not cached ?

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  • Google Federated Login vs Hybrid Protocol vs Google Data Authentication. Whats's the Difference?

    - by johnfelix
    Hi, I am trying to implement Google Authentication in my website, in which I would also be pulling some Google Data using the Google Data API and I am using Google App Engine with Jinja2. My question is, so many ways are mentioned to do it. I am confused between Google Federated Login,Google Data Protocol, Hybrid Protocol. Are these things the same or different ways to do the same thing. From what I read and understood, which might be incorrect, Google Federated Login uses the hybrid protocol to authenticate and fetch the google data. Is there a proper guide to implement any one of these in python. Examples which I found at the google link are kind of different. From what I understood,correct me if i am wrong, I have to implement only the OpenID Consumer part. In order to implement Google Federated Login in Python, I saw that we need to download a separate library from the openid-enabled.com but I found a different library for the google data implementation at http://code.google.com/p/gdata-python-client/ As you can see, I am confused a lot :D. Please help me :) Thanks

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  • GZIP Java vs .NET

    - by Jim Jones
    Using the following Java code to compress/decompress bytes[] to/from GZIP. First text bytes to gzip bytes: public static byte[] fromByteToGByte(byte[] bytes) { ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null; try { ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes); baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); GZIPOutputStream gzos = new GZIPOutputStream(baos); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len; while((len = bais.read(buffer)) >= 0) { gzos.write(buffer, 0, len); } gzos.close(); baos.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return(baos.toByteArray()); } Then the method that goes the other way compressed bytes to uncompressed bytes: public static byte[] fromGByteToByte(byte[] gbytes) { ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null; ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(gbytes); try { baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); GZIPInputStream gzis = new GZIPInputStream(bais); byte[] bytes = new byte[1024]; int len; while((len = gzis.read(bytes)) > 0) { baos.write(bytes, 0, len); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return(baos.toByteArray()); } Think there is any effect since I'm not writing out to a gzip file? Also I noticed that in the standard C# function that BitConverter reads the first four bytes and then the MemoryStream Write function is called with a start point of 4 and a length of input buffer length - 4. So is that effect the validity of the header? Jim

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  • More issues with IntelliJ 9.0.1 "Hello World" in Scala - Predef version 5.0 vs 4.1

    - by Alex R
    Any ideas what could cause this? Scala signature Predef has wrong version Expected 5.0 found: 4.1 in .... scala-library.jar I tried both versions 2.7.6 and 2.8 RC1 of scala-*.jar, the result was the same. JDK is 1.6.u20. UPDATE Today uninstalled IntelliJ 9.0.1, and installed 9.0.2 Early Availability, with the 4/14 stable version of the Scala plug-in. Then I setup a project from scratch through the wizards: new project from scratch JDK is 1.6.u20 accept the default (project) instead of global / module accept the download of Scala 2.8.0beta1 into project's lib folder Created a new class: object hello { def main(args: Array[String]) { println("hello: " + args); } } For my efforts, I now have a brand-new error :) Here it is: Scalac internal error: class java.lang.ClassNotFoundException [java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:202), java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method), java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190), java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307), sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301), java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:248), java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method), java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:169), org.jetbrains.plugins.scala.compiler.rt.ScalacRunner.main(ScalacRunner.java:72)] Thanks

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  • MIT vs. BSD vs. Dual License

    - by ryanve
    My understanding is that: MIT-licensed projects can be used/redistributed in BSD-licensed projects. BSD-licensed projects can be used/redistributed in MIT-licensed projects. The MIT and the BSD 2-clause licenses are essentially identical. BSD 3-clause = BSD 2-clause + the "no endorsement" clause Issuing a dual license allows users to choose from those licenses—not be bound to both. If all of the above is correct, then what is the point of using a dual MIT/BSD license? Even if the BSD refers to the 3-clause version, then can't a user legally choose to only abide by the MIT license? It seems that if you really want the "no endorsement" clause to apply then you have to license it as just BSD (not dual). If you don't care about the "no endorsement" clause, then MIT alone is sufficient and MIT/BSD is redundant. Similarly, since the MIT and BSD licenses are both "GPL-compatible" and can be redistributed in GPL-licensed projects, then dual licensing MIT/GPL also seems redundant.

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  • White (Light) vs. Black (Dark) Backgrounds: Health Effects

    - by Hosam Aly
    I am adding a bounty to this question, hoping for some scientific research results. Thank you everybody! I have recently tried working on dark backgrounds, and it seemed (to me) to be easier on the eye. However, today I read Gerrie Schenck's comment on this answer, in which he said that mainframe developers were advised to use white backgrounds instead of black, as it is said that white is easier on the eye. So which one is actually better for the eyes in the long run? I would be thankful for any (scientific) references about the subject, as my eyes really need some relaxation. I wanted to make this question a community wiki, but I think that the least I can do to thank people is to reward their answers, so I'm leaving it as a normal question. Many, many thanks for your help. P.S. I don't know which tags would be appropriate for this question, so I'd be grateful if you could tag it in a better way than I did.

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  • Simplex noise vs Perlin noise

    - by raRaRa
    I would like to know why Perlin noise is still so popular today after Simplex came out. Simplex noise was made by Ken Perlin himself and it was suppose to take over his old algorithm which was slow for higher dimensions and with better quality (no visible artifacts). Simplex noise came out in 2001 and over those 10 years I've only seen people talk of Perlin noise when it comes to generating heightmaps for terrains, creating procedural textures, et cetera. Could anyone help me out, is there some downside of Simplex noise? I heard rumors that Perlin noise is faster when it comes to 1D and 2D noise, but I don't know if it's true or not. Thanks!

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