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  • How do you manage updates without a staging environment: CentOS 6.3

    - by Gregg Leventhal
    I am managing about 20 servers, many of them virtual. They are almost all different purpose, and none are clustered. I have a distributed LAMP stack, a few application servers, some build servers, a few KVM hosts. They are CentOS 6.3 mostly with a few Ubuntu (unfortunately). I don't have the resources to setup a staging environment where I can have duplicates of my machines and test updates before rolling them out. I am taking file backups. What I want to know is how you are approaching backing up your Linux systems. I assume you don't just do yum update, but then how are you choosing the packages worthy of updating? When (if ever) are you updating the kernel, etc.. How do you test updates without a staging environment? Snapshot and hope for the best?

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  • Likeliness of obtaining same IP address after restarting a router

    - by ?affael
    My actual objective is to simulate logged IPs of web-site users who are all assumed to use dynamically assigned IPs. There will be two kinds of users: good users who only change IP when the ISP assignes a new one bad users who will restart their router to obtain a new IP So what I would like to understand is what assignment mechanics are usually at work here deciding from what pool of IPs one is chosen and whether the probability is uniformly distributed. I know there is no definite and global answer as this process can be adjusted be the ISP but maybe there is something like a technological frame and common process that allows some plausible assumptions. UPDATE: A bad user will restart the router as often as possible if necessary. So here the central question is how many IP changes on average are necessary to end up with a previously used IP.

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  • How to manage several Linux workstation like a cluster?

    - by Richard Zak
    How does one go about managing a lab of Linux workstations? I'd like for users to be able to log in, run their GUI apps (LibreOffice, Firefox, Eclipse, etc), and for the computers to be able to be used as compute nodes (OpenMPI). This part I'm fine with. But how can I centrally deploy a new software package or upgrade an installed package? How can I reload the entire OS on a given node, as if these workstations were part of a super computing cluster? Is there a nice program to help with setting up PXE booting and image management, and remotely managing packages? Ideally such a system would work with Ubuntu. If there isn't a nice package, how could this be set up manually?

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  • Testing performance from around the world - how do I get a linux shell easily in multiple countries?

    - by Matthew O'Riordan
    We are building a socket based service where latency is paramount, and as such we have servers distributed into 7 data centres around the world. However, whilst we know we're bringing the servers closer to the clients, it's very difficult to know how effective this is, and importantly, what difference this makes compared to our competitors. As such, we want to run simple scripts that test latency and throughput for both our service and our competitors, which is easy enough using Amazon, however Amazon only have 7 data centres. We would like to know for example how we perform in locations all over the world such as South Africa, Australia, China, Peru etc. Does anyone know of any service where we could piggy back off their global infrastructure and run some scripts to test this performance? The obvious contenders are people like Monitis, but I don't think they would allow us to run custom scripts, only standard protocol monitors. Thanks for your help. Matt

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  • Can Robocopy be made to skip open files?

    - by domspurling
    We are using Robocopy to redistribute files which arrive via FTP in a drop folder. Ideally we want Robocopy to leave files alone if they are still being FTPd. Having tried various switches, Robocopy still copies the open files. It doesn't delete them, so the FTP continues unaffected. However, we end up with truncated files being distributed to their destination. Can Robocopy be made to skip open files? Perhaps there is something more suitable than Robocopy for this task?

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  • How much power supply do I need for my server, and could a shortage be causing my odd crashing?

    - by dolan
    I have 5 servers, all with similar hardware (i7, four 2tb 7200rpm drives, two 4tb 5400rpm drives, 430 watt power supply), and lately the machines have been freezing up. This has gotten worse in the last day or so, and I can't pinpoint any explanation. One recent change was adding the two 4tb hard drives. The crashes happen most often while running a large Hadoop job, so I was originally thinking the load was causing some issues, but last night one server just froze without any heavy load on the box (or so I think), other than HDFS (Hadoop's distributed file system) was probably rebalancing itself since two of the five nodes were offline. If I plugin a monitor and keyboard to one of these frozen machines, I can't get any response or feedback on the screen. Any ideas on possible points of failure and/or different logs I can look at to investigate? Thanks Edit: The systems are running Ubuntu 10.04 Edit 2: More on hardware: intel core i7-930 bloomfield 2.8ghz processor (quad core) 12gb (6 x 2gb) kingston ddr3 1333 ram antec earthwatts green 430 power supply msi x58m lga 1366 motherboard

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  • Video codec that can be read on clean installs of either Windows, OS X and Ubuntu

    - by fmercille
    I have to make a video that will need to be watched on different operating systems. Is there a "universal" video codec that can be played on Windows, OS X and Linux without requiring additional plugins or player other than those that comes on a default clean install of each of those systems? Compression is not an issue, I'm merely looking for compatibility (e.g. for audio, I would use WAV as a universal codec). Note : I must assume that the video will be distributed in countries where software patents are enforced, and therefore can't rely on the user to install non-free codecs on Linux. Thanks.

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  • create a bootable usb to automatic repair windows xp system32 files

    - by Edo Post
    Is it possible to create a script/live distro that replaces some system32 files? To explain it a bit more in details: There is a company that has multiple computers (think in 100/1000's) and they all are missing the same system32 files since the company's software removed it. The systems are distributed all over the world and are managed by "normal" people who don't have any knowledge about computers. I want to create a usb stick that i can mail to all those people which contains a script that executes when you boot the usb. this script should replace the missing system32 files without any user input is this possible, and if so how could i manage this?

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  • SSH reverse tunnel to monitor and manage remote devices

    - by acid_crucifix
    I have a set a distributed set of devices running Ubuntu 12.04 that I am distributing to clients. I would like to manage them remotely. They may not have fixed IPs and potentially might be behind firewalls. What I am planning to do is have the devices (permanently connected to the net) poll a request URL and based on the response open a reverse tunnel to my server, so that I can access them via that tunnel. Most of what I read about reverse tunnel over SSH is for single use cases and very little about heavy production usage. Is there some reason for this, security issues? or stability? Any help would be much obliged.

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  • How to execute a command on multiple hosts using IPv6 only?

    - by math
    First of all there is pdsh which is essentially a parallel distributed shell which may execute commands on a list of given hosts. However, I find myself in an IPv6 only problem setting. It seems that pdsh is not able to use IPv6, as I am getting error messages: pdsh -w ^hostnames my_command pdsh@myhost: gethostbyname("foobar") failed I also tried to use IPv6 addresses only, which also didn't work. So how do you run a single shell script for administrative purpose (no SGE stuff, or similar) on a bunch of hosts that is IPv6 reachable only?

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  • How to open a program on particular desktop?

    - by Vi
    When I start GUI program, it's window appears appears on currently active desktop (essentially, on random desktop). How to make it to appear on the specified desktop? For example, at startup I want certain programs to be started and distributed to desktops. I've already set up config file of openbox to force some programs to always start on specific desktop. Ideally it should be like: start_on_desktop 1 gnome-terminal --tab -e program1 --tab -e program2 start_on_desktop 2 gnome-terminal --tab -e program3 --tab -e program4 start_on_desktop 3 firefox It should be able to start the same program on other desktop. Also dislike when I start program while being on desktop X then switch to desktop Y and SUDDENLY a program which should be on X appears on Y. When I start lots of programs on and switch often between desktops they end up being in chaos and I need to collect them together and redistribute sanely. Also I want the first initial gnome-terminal to be on desktop 3, but I also want subsequent gnome-terminals to be on the desktop where I pressed the keystroke (also configured in openbox) that launches gnome-terminal.

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  • Limit WSUS replication to only certain product classifications

    - by MDMarra
    I have four WSUS 3.0 SP2 servers that are geographically distributed. The server at our main site (we'll call it WSUS1), is the main WSUS server. All manual and auto-approvals happen here. The other three WSUS servers are replicas of this server. Currently, we are only controlling desktop OS updates through WSUS. I would like to control server OS updates through WSUS as well. There is no need for all of these server updates to be on WSUS servers at the remote sites. The only server that would need a copy of them is WSUS1. Is there a way to keep my current infrastructure as-is and add server OS updates only to WSUS1, even though the others are set up as replicas, or will I need to configure an additional WSUS server that's not replicated?

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  • How to allow simple file sharing on Windows Server 2008R2 through VPN

    - by Martin Wiboe
    We are a small, distributed company with a Windows Server 2008R2 installation. I would like to set up a way for our employees to connect securely to this server via VPN and then be able to map a network drive. I have gotten this to work somewhat by installing the Network Policy and Access Services Role on the server and using the default settings. I have also created a network share on the server. The problem is that our connectivity is sporadic (sometimes the service stops listening on the port or simply refuses to authorize correct credentials) and slow. I can always connect through VPN, but mapping is problematic. I would be grateful for the answer on how to accomplish this as well as some guidance on whether I am on the right track. Thanks in advance!

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  • Virtualbox, merging snapshots and base disk

    - by Henrik
    Hi, I have a virtual machine with about 30 snapshots in branches. The current development path is 22 snapshots plus the base disk. The amount of files is seemingly having an impact now on IO and the dev laptop I'm using (don't know if it is host disk performance issues with the 140GB total size over a lot of fragments, or just the fact that it is hitting sectors distributed across a lot of files). I would like to merge the current development branch of snapshots together with the base disk, but I am unsure if the following command would produce the correct outcome. I am not able to boot this disk after the procedure completes (5-6 hours). vboxmanage clonehd "C:\VPC-Storage\.VirtualBox\Machines\CRM\Snapshots\{245b27ac-e658-470a-b978-8e62137c33b1}.vhd" "E:\crm-20100624.vhd" --format VHD --type normal Could anyone confirm if this is the correct approach or not?

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  • VMWare Workstation 8, Sharing a VM without copying them to "Shared VMs location"

    - by Stebi
    I have a host computer (Win7-64) with three different harddrives. It runs several VMs which are distributed among those harddrives for a better performance. Now with VMWare Workstation 8 it is possible to "share" the VMs. I'd like to use this feature, but I have to convert the VMs to "Shared VMs". When I try this WMWare forces me to copy the VMs to one predefined folder, thus making my effort of distributing the VMs among the harddrives meaningless. Is there any possibility to keep the VMs where they are and share them anyway?

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  • On Linux/Unix, does .tar.gz versus .zip matter?

    - by rwallace
    Cross-platform programs are sometimes distributed as .tar.gz for the Unix version and .zip for the Windows version. This makes sense when the contents of each must be different. If, however, the contents are going to be the same, it would be simpler to just have one download. Windows prefers .zip because that's the format it can handle out of the box. Does it matter on Unix? That is, I tried today unzipping a file on Ubuntu Linux, and it worked fine; is there any problem with this on any current Unix-like operating system, or is it okay to just provide a .zip file across the board?

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  • In-house Trusted Certificate

    - by MrEdmundo
    Hi there I'm a developer looking at introducing ClickOnce deployment for an internal .NET Winforms application that will be distributed via the corporate network. Now I would like to deploy this application under the full trust model however in order for that to happen I need to sign the software with a certificate. I can do that with a "test" certificate that has no information of the publisher etc, however that means an extra step will occur on the users workstation where they will have to confirm that the software is OK. So what I want to know is. is there a way I can get my IT Infrastructure guys to create me a an "internal" certificate from the domains Certificate Authority, or do I have to go and pay for a certificate from somebody like VeriSign? Thanks

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  • How can I copy files to an external drive and verify their integrity in OS X?

    - by jedavis
    I'm moving large amounts of data from one external drive to another larger one. The files are important and the smaller drives need to be cleared and reused (HD camera). Is there some utility for moving files and verifying their integrity? I've been using this command find . -type f -exec md5 '{}' \; > md5list.txt in the terminal to create a list of MD5s for each file then using diff to compare the two. However, I am moving 320GB at a time, which takes a while by itself. Computing the checksums takes another hour or so. It would be much more efficient to do this on the fly, during the copy. I'm just hoping someone has already written the software...

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  • Best practice for administering a (hadoop) cluster

    - by Alex
    Dear all, I've recently been playing with Hadoop. I have a six node cluster up and running - with HDFS, and having run a number of MapRed jobs. So far, so good. However I'm now looking to do this more systematically and with a larger number of nodes. Our base system is Ubuntu and the current setup has been administered using apt (to install the correct java runtime) and ssh/scp (to propagate out the various conf files). This is clearly not scalable over time. Does anyone have any experience of good systems for administering (possibly slightly heterogenous: different disk sizes, different numbers of cpus on each node) hadoop clusters automagically? I would consider diskless boot - but imagine that with a large cluster, getting the cluster up and running might be bottle-necked on the machine serving the OS. Or some form of distributed debian apt to keep the machines native environment synchronised? And how do people successfully manage the conf files over a number of (potentially heterogenous) machines? Thanks very much in advance, Alex

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  • Is Tomcat Shared Session / Cluster between two machine possible?

    - by Snorri
    I have a setup of several Tomcat servers distributed between a few servers, all running the same thing. Apache is on top of Apache and a loadbalancer in front of the Apache servers. I want to cluster the Tomcats using Shared Session to minimize downtime and user interruption while deploying apps. I know clustering works within the same server but is it possible to setup Tomcat in a way that it shares sessions between servers on different machines? = Server 1 == Apache 1 === Tomcat 1 = Server 2 == Apache 2 === Tomcat 2 When Server/Tomcat 1 would be taken down, users and their sessions would transfer over to Server/Tomcat 2 and vice versa.

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  • How to open a program on particular desktop?

    - by Vi.
    When I start GUI program, it's window appears appears on currently active desktop (essentially, on random desktop). How to make it to appear on the specified desktop? For example, at startup I want certain programs to be started and distributed to desktops. I've already set up config file of openbox to force some programs to always start on specific desktop. Ideally it should be like: start_on_desktop 1 gnome-terminal --tab -e program1 --tab -e program2 start_on_desktop 2 gnome-terminal --tab -e program3 --tab -e program4 start_on_desktop 3 firefox It should be able to start the same program on other desktop. Also dislike when I start program while being on desktop X then switch to desktop Y and SUDDENLY a program which should be on X appears on Y. When I start lots of programs on and switch often between desktops they end up being in chaos and I need to collect them together and redistribute sanely. Also I want the first initial gnome-terminal to be on desktop 3, but I also want subsequent gnome-terminals to be on the desktop where I pressed the keystroke (also configured in openbox) that launches gnome-terminal.

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  • On Linux/Unix, does .tar.gz versus .zip matter?

    - by rwallace
    Cross-platform programs are sometimes distributed as .tar.gz for the Unix version and .zip for the Windows version. This makes sense when the contents of each must be different. If, however, the contents are going to be the same, it would be simpler to just have one download. Windows prefers .zip because that's the format it can handle out of the box. Does it matter on Unix? That is, I tried today unzipping a file on Ubuntu Linux, and it worked fine; is there any problem with this on any current Unix-like operating system, or is it okay to just provide a .zip file across the board?

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  • Netbook recomendations for a developer

    - by Joe
    I am thinking about getting a netbook for a secondary laptop. Ideally it would mainly be used for surfing/email/travel, but I would like it to be good enough to be able to run Visual Studio for when I am at conferences and the like. I as thinking it would be nice to be able to put a 16-32GB SSD in it, as well as 2GB of memory. Do you have any recomendations? Will a netbook even suffice, or should I upgrade to a small-form laptop? Edit: I don't need to be able to build software on it. It would just be nice to occasionally be able to try out new tools, APIs, or what have you without getting frustrated due to limited computing power.

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  • Windows 7 root certificate updates

    - by hstr
    I work for a company that uses Windows 7 for end user computing. The Windows 7 computers are updated via a WSUS installation, and access to Microsoft Update is blocked. We have a problem with a number of websites, who's certificates appears to be invalid, though they are perfectly ok. The problem is, that Windows 7 apparently does an on-demand update of root certificates through Windows Update, rather than rolling out a monthly update, as with Windows XP. Now that Windows Update is blocked, how should root certificates be updated? It appears that WSUS is not handling this feature. Thanks in advance.

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  • Finding documentation for /etc/**/*.dpkg-*

    - by intuited
    During upgrades, files with these extensions appear in /etc and its subdirectories. I gather that *.dpkg-dist contains the file that was distributed with the currently-installed version of a package, and *.dpkg-new contains the version from the version being installed, however I'd like to see the docs to be sure that I'm getting it right. Also there are occasionally other similarly named files, eg *.dpkg-original, and I'd like to be able to read up on these. I've checked /usr/share/doc/dpkg for documentation on this, and come up empty; there's no dpkg-doc package; Google doesn't have anything except unanswered questions. Can someone point me to the documentation for this aspect of debian package management?

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