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  • What linux permissions are need for www?

    - by Xeoncross
    I know that 777 is full read/write/execute permission for owner/group/other. So this doesn't seem to be needed as it leaves random users full permissions. What permissions are need to be used on /var/www so that... Source control like git or svn Normal users in a group like "websites" or added to "www-data" Servers like apache or lighthttpd And PHP/Perl/Ruby can all read, create, and run files there? If I'm correct, Ruby and PHP scripts are not "executed" directly - but passed to an interpreter. So there is no need for execute permission on files in /var/www. Therefore, it seems like the correct permission would be chmod -R 1660 which would make all files shareable by these four entities all files non-executable by mistake block everyone else from the directory entirely set the permission mode to "sticky" for all future files Is this correct? Update: I just realized that files and directories might need different permissions - I was talking about files above so i'm not sure what the directory permissions would need to be.

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  • Remapping keys on keyboard in Linux

    - by Anuj More
    I am currently using xmodmap for remapping keys like Caps Lock on my keyboard. However, my keyboard has a bunch of keys on the top that are rarely used (Multimedia keyboard with buttons like Internet, Music, Next song, Mute etc) I want to remap these keys to specific commands (Not keys). For example: Pressing the Internet button should fire up my Firefox (/usr/bin/firefox)(which happens only in Windows for me) Also I need to map a specific button to xkill. Is there a way to achieve this? Using: Fedora 14 on GNOME and KDE (both)

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  • is my touchpad dying? Gentoo Linux

    - by Walter White
    Hi all, My touchpad on my laptop appears to be no longer functioning. I typically use an external keyboard and mouse so I didn't notice the problem until I tried to use the touchpad. Even after toggling the on/off switch several times, the touchpad still doesn't work. In the logs, I see something about cannot read byte from synaptics device. I will post the full logs when I am in front of my machine. Thanks, Walter

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  • Memory Usage for Databases on Linux

    - by Kyle Brandt
    So with free output what we care about with application memory usage is generally the amount of free memory in the -/+ buffers/cache line. What about with database applications such as Oracle, is it important to have a good amount of cached and buffers available for a database to run well with all the IO? If that makes any sense, how do you figure out just how much?

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  • NTFS drivers on Linux

    - by Jack
    Hopefully this is programming related. Many people have reported that the NTFS-3G driver works perfectly for writing to NTFS drives without any problems. If NTFS has been successfully reverse engineered to a useful degree, then why is the kernel driver still only read-only, with write support being very dangerous.....just as it was 5 years agi?

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  • Damn Small Linux - Setting system-wide proxy

    - by ryanfernandes
    I've just installed DSL on virtualbox. The network works fine. However, to connect to the internet, I need to use a proxy with authentication. I can do this in the brower, but I need to allow other command line utilities to access the internet too. Is there a way that I can set a system-wide proxy with authentication information (username/password) on DSL?

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  • linux Firewall question

    - by bcrawl
    I have few generic questions about firewalls and I thought the community up here could help me out. 1) So I recently installed Ubuntu server barebones. I checked for open ports, none were open which was great. Is that because there was a firewall installed or was it because there were no applications installed? 2) I installed some applications, (Apache, postgres,ssh, Java app and some few). Between these, I ended up opening a few ports (~10). Now I have a list of all the ports I would need open. So, how do I go about protecting them? [Is this the right question to ask? does the process go like this, Install Firewall - Allow Said needed ports - deny rest using IPtables rules] This is going to be open to the internet. Hosting low traffic ecommerce sites. 3) What do you think is the easiest way for me to quasi-secure the server, [low maintenance overhead/simplicity. Any open source "software" which can make my life easier?] 4) Finally, of the said open ports [2], I have 2 ports I need to close because they are telnet ports. Can I close these ports without installing a "firewall" Thanks all for the help and Merry Christmas!!!!!!!

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  • Advanced Linux file permission question (ownership change during write operation)

    - by Kent
    By default the umask is 0022: usera@cmp$ touch somefile; ls -l total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 usera usera 0 2009-09-22 22:30 somefile The directory /home/shared/ is meant for shared files and should be owned by root and the shared group. Files created here by usern (any user) are automatically owned by the shared group. There is a cron-job taking care of changing owning user and owning group (of any moved files) once per day: usera@cmp$ cat /etc/cron.daily/sharedscript #!/bin/bash chown -R root:shared /home/shared/ chmod -R 770 /home/shared/ I was writing a really large file to the shared directory. It had me (usera) as owning user and the shared group as group owner. During the write operation the cron job was run, and I still had no problem completing the write process. You see. I thought this would happen: I am writing the file. The file permissions and ownership data for the file looks like this: -rw-r--r-- usera shared The cron job kicks in! The chown line is processed and now the file is owned by the root user and the shared group. As the owning group only has read access to the file I get a file write error! Boom! End of story. Why did the operation succeed? A link to some kind of reference documentation to back up the reason would be very welcome (as I could use it to study more details).

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  • Drawbacks of installing linux on usb stick?

    - by Znarkus
    I am setting up a router/nas/http/whatever server based on an ION mini-ITX board. I've installed Ubuntu Server on an old 160 GB drive, but it generates a lot more heat and vibrates more than my other new drive (storage). It just doesn't fit the concept, and worse: it takes up a SATA port. As SSD's are crazy expensive I'm thinking of buying an extra 4 GB USB stick, and raid0 it. From my point of view, these are the pros/cons: Pros Low power consumption No vibrations No heat Smaller Get to buy new, larger USB stick (:D) Cons Shorter life time Slower Raid 0 More work maintaing/installing? I think the pros overweighs the cons. Shorter life time and raid 0 is countered by regular backups of the configs/settings. Slower is partially countered by raid 0, and I don't know about the last one. What do You think? Experience? Another solution?

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  • Configure Samba server via command line Linux CentOS

    - by Greg Alexander
    I am trying to get samba working on centOS... I installed it via Yum, changed the samba config file to: [ShareName] path = /var/www/html/ public = no writable = yes printable = no create mask = 0765 valid users = username Restarted samba and it did nothing.. the windows network is not seeing the share at all. I realize there is most likely something I am missing but I have always done it with the GUI, but unable to do that this time.. Any pointers?

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  • /etc/security/limits.conf for setting program limits in Linux

    - by Flavius Akerele
    I have the following inside /etc/security/limits.conf (I have specified root separately because * will not include it.) user2 - core unlimited * - core 0 root - core 0 * - rss 512000 root - rss 512000 * - nproc 100 root - nproc 100 * - maxlogins 1 root - maxlogins 1 I run a program as user2 (./programname) but /proc/3498/limits says cores are disabled: Limit Soft Limit Hard Limit Units Max cpu time unlimited unlimited seconds Max file size unlimited unlimited bytes Max data size unlimited unlimited bytes Max stack size 8388608 unlimited bytes Max core file size 0 0 bytes Max resident set 524288000 524288000 bytes Max processes 100 100 processes Max open files 1024 1024 files Max locked memory 65536 65536 bytes Max address space unlimited unlimited bytes Max file locks unlimited unlimited locks Max pending signals 14001 14001 signals Max msgqueue size 819200 819200 bytes Max nice priority 0 0 Max realtime priority 0 0 Max realtime timeout unlimited unlimited us Both ulimit -Sa and ulimit -Ha output that cores are disabled: core file size (blocks, -c) 0 data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited scheduling priority (-e) 0 file size (blocks, -f) unlimited pending signals (-i) 14001 max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64 max memory size (kbytes, -m) 512000 open files (-n) 1024 pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8 POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200 real-time priority (-r) 0 stack size (kbytes, -s) unlimited cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited max user processes (-u) 100 virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited file locks (-x) unlimited Why are cores disabled ?

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  • Neighbour table overflow on Linux hosts related to bridging and ipv6

    - by tim
    Note: I already have a workaround for this problem (as described below) so this is only a "want-to-know" question. I have a productive setup with around 50 hosts including blades running xen 4 and equallogics providing iscsi. All xen dom0s are almost plain Debian 5. The setup includes several bridges on every dom0 to support xen bridged networking. In total there are between 5 and 12 bridges on each dom0 servicing one vlan each. None of the hosts has routing enabled. At one point in time we moved one of the machines to a new hardware including a raid controller and so we installed an upstream 3.0.22/x86_64 kernel with xen patches. All other machines run debian xen-dom0-kernel. Since then we noticed on all hosts in the setup the following errors every ~2 minutes: [55888.881994] __ratelimit: 908 callbacks suppressed [55888.882221] Neighbour table overflow. [55888.882476] Neighbour table overflow. [55888.882732] Neighbour table overflow. [55888.883050] Neighbour table overflow. [55888.883307] Neighbour table overflow. [55888.883562] Neighbour table overflow. [55888.883859] Neighbour table overflow. [55888.884118] Neighbour table overflow. [55888.884373] Neighbour table overflow. [55888.884666] Neighbour table overflow. The arp table (arp -n) never showed more than around 20 entries on every machine. We tried the obvious tweaks and raised the /proc/sys/net/ipv4/neigh/default/gc_thresh* values. FInally to 16384 entries but no effect. Not even the interval of ~2 minutes changed which lead me to the conclusion that this is totally unrelated. tcpdump showed no uncommon ipv4 traffic on any interface. The only interesting finding from tcpdump were ipv6 packets bursting in like: 14:33:13.137668 IP6 fe80::216:3eff:fe1d:9d01 > ff02::1:ff1d:9d01: HBH ICMP6, multicast listener reportmax resp delay: 0 addr: ff02::1:ff1d:9d01, length 24 14:33:13.138061 IP6 fe80::216:3eff:fe1d:a8c1 > ff02::1:ff1d:a8c1: HBH ICMP6, multicast listener reportmax resp delay: 0 addr: ff02::1:ff1d:a8c1, length 24 14:33:13.138619 IP6 fe80::216:3eff:fe1d:bf81 > ff02::1:ff1d:bf81: HBH ICMP6, multicast listener reportmax resp delay: 0 addr: ff02::1:ff1d:bf81, length 24 14:33:13.138974 IP6 fe80::216:3eff:fe1d:eb41 > ff02::1:ff1d:eb41: HBH ICMP6, multicast listener reportmax resp delay: 0 addr: ff02::1:ff1d:eb41, length 24 which placed the idea in my mind that the problem maybe related to ipv6, since we have no ipv6 services in this setup. The only other hint was the coincidence of the host upgrade with the beginning of the problems. I powered down the host in question and the errors were gone. Then I subsequently took down the bridges on the host and when i took down (ifconfig down) one particularly bridge: br-vlan2159 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:26:b9:fb:16:2c inet6 addr: fe80::226:b9ff:fefb:162c/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:120 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:9 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:5286 (5.1 KiB) TX bytes:726 (726.0 B) eth0.2159 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:26:b9:fb:16:2c inet6 addr: fe80::226:b9ff:fefb:162c/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:1801 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:20 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:126228 (123.2 KiB) TX bytes:1464 (1.4 KiB) bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces ... br-vlan2158 8000.0026b9fb162c no eth0.2158 br-vlan2159 8000.0026b9fb162c no eth0.2159 The errors went away again. As you can see the bridge holds no ipv4 address and it's only member is eth0.2159 so no traffic should cross it. Bridge and interface .2159 / .2157 / .2158 which are in all aspects identical apart from the vlan they are connected to had no effect when taken down. Now I disabled ipv6 on the entire host via sysctl net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 and rebooted. After this even with bridge br-vlan2159 enabled no errors occur. Any ideas are welcome.

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  • Linux/Gentoo: KDM, startx & session problem

    - by watain
    I'm using startx in my .bashrc file to start X (I'm using KDE 4.3.4) when I login at tty1 instead of using a display manager like KDM. Now the problem is since KDM is not running I'm not able to use the shut down button from the KDE menu (because it needs root privileges to do so, of course) and some other features are gone as well. Is there a way to start KDM when I run startx in my .bashrc, like just running KDM in the background? The point is that I want no login display, so I'm sure there must be a way to just start KDM silently. Regards & I hope for answers!

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  • How to maintain one file across many production servers (Windows and Linux)

    - by Brien
    My organization wants to centrally manage an Oracle TNSnames file for all of their production servers. When that file changes, they want to be able to push out the changes to all servers that use it with a minimal effort. Approaches that have been considered: Centralized file server (drawback: if the file server or the network connection to the file server goes down, the servers have no access to the critical file) Subversion client on each server (drawback: using a source control tool in production, added complexity) Store an individual copy of the file on each server (drawback: changing the file contents involves making changes on many different servers) Update Can I use DFS to do this?

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  • What is effect of CTRL + Z on a unix\Linux application

    - by Kumar Alok
    I was curious and confused that what exactly is the behaviour of CTRl+Z. I know, If a process in running in foreground, and we press ctrl+z, it goes to background. But what exactly happens. Does it keep doing it's job, or does it get suspended, and stopped at the point where it was. Can someone please explain. And if it gets stopped at that point, and what is the meaning of background job. Regards Kumar Alok

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  • Telnet or SSH to Embedded Linux based NAS?

    - by ef2011
    Do you happen to know whether it is possible to telnet or SSH to LG N1A1DD1 NAS? It seems to have lots of features that I don't need (including FTP) but I couldn't find any mention of the ability to telnet or SSH to it. If telneting or SSH-ing to it isn't possible, do you know whether it is possible to configure via its web interface a script that can periodically back it up via its USB port? (while still functioning as NAS, of course)

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  • How to configure multiple video cards in linux?

    - by Jader Dias
    In Ubuntu Lucid Lynx RC, I got NVidia's TwinView to work with 2 monitors in a single video card. But when I use the same monitors but split them between the video cards I can't make TwinView work and it starts a X server for each monitor. I want the same effect I had with one video card.

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  • Linux list of packages installed

    - by becomingGuru
    I am moving to a new laptop with Ubuntu Lucid from an old laptop that has Ubuntu Karmic. I want to look at the list of all the packages and selectively install them all on the new laptop. What is the best method to go about it. Thanks in advance.

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  • Configuration Deployment to Linux Systems

    - by William
    Hello, I'm looking for a nice way to add / remote ips (and possibly interact with an asset inventory system to track where ips are), start / stop processes, download logs, and all around genearal system admin duties from one place. It's okay if I require more than 1 program. That would still be better than having 50 million terminals open and trying to trace ip assignments etc on whiteboards. I'd also like to know if anyone knows any good asset management programs. Best Regards, William

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  • I'm looking for a linux text editor

    - by just_wes
    Preface: I like Vim... a lot Requirements: Remote editing capabilities S/FTP or SSH Text coloring As you can see my requirements are specific but slim. I have been using TextWrangler on MacOSX and I love it. It's that remote editing feature that really does it for me. This post is community-wiki, and if another topic that has an answer that meats my requirements exists, please kindly redirect me. Thank you all very much!

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  • Linux - Scriptable email client?

    - by Phog
    Hi, I'm writing a simple UI for the visually impaired using a speech synthesizer. I've looked all over the internet for an email client which I can script to fit these purposes but to no avail. I believe several CLI email clients(eg MUTT) allow sending emails with command line arguments only. But I've yet to find a client that can download the emails, decode them and then dump them to a text file. The best candidate so far seems to be mailx, but it seems like it needs quite a lot of babysitting to fit my needs. Any suggestions for scripting-friendly email clients? Am I missing something fundamental about MUTT? Are there any libraries/programs that help me decode the MIME encoding used in todays emails from a maildir? Should I just bite the bullet and write a script for mailx? Thanks in advance.

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  • Linux: Advanced Grub Bootloader configuration? [closed]

    - by TutorialPoint
    Possible Duplicate: Aesthetically editing grub.cfg Make grub keep its default boot under kernel updates Hello, I want to use the Grub bootloader to boot up my system with my triple boot. Now, i want to configure grub on my Ubuntu OS. How can I? I want to do stuff like editing the startup entries, like you could do with EasyBCD for Windows. Startup-Manager in the Ubuntu softwarecentre doesn do this. Can anyone give me a recommendation?

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  • Check for Apache state in Linux

    - by loulouzekiller
    Hi i have a java application that starts/stops/restart Apache and it should also check for its status, so i have looked how checking for status of apache and it appears that you have to check for the state of the service, problem is that when i use apachectl start the service httpd is still not started, is that normal ? i check for the service state by doing service httpd status . [root@lxrdcpsm ~]# service httpd status httpd is stopped [root@lxrdcpsm ~]# /apps/apache/2.4.4/bin/apachectl start httpd (pid 20502) already running [root@lxrdcpsm ~]# service httpd status httpd is stopped [root@lxrdcpsm ~]# /apps/apache/2.4.4/bin/apachectl stop [root@lxrdcpsm ~]# service httpd status httpd is stopped [root@lxrdcpsm ~]# /apps/apache/2.4.4/bin/apachectl start [root@lxrdcpsm ~]# service httpd status httpd is stopped [root@lxrdcpsm ~]#

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  • Improve speed of "start menu" in Linux Mint 10 - Ubuntu 10.10 derivative

    - by Gabriel L. Oliveira
    I have a global menu (including application, administration and system tabs) that is taking too much time (for me) to load (about 2.5 seconds). Of course, this time is taken only during first start. After it have loaded, next times are better ( less than 0.2 miliseconds) The menu was taking more time before (about 5 seconds), and I found that was because of the 'Other' part of the menu, that included many applications installed with Wine, so I removed all of them (I didn't need them at all). I have a "normal" knowledge of programming, and I think that the process of starting the menu for the first time has some kind of "cache function", that tries to find which apps are present that need to be placed under menu to be shown to user. But didn't found this function so that I could analyze in details what he is doing (if searching for files under "~/.local/share/applications" or anything else). Also, I found that hitting "Alt-F2" also fires this "cache function", because after waiting it to load, the process of opening the menu took less than 0.2 miliseconds. So, could anyone help me in order to reduce this time? I found on internet that some user could reduce the time by resizing the icons of applications. But found here that most of my icons are already at 25x25 size. Any other idead? Maybe a multiprocess to load it, or include it under startup... don't know. Ps: Sorry if this is an awkward question, but I just do not like waiting for things to happen, and think that this process should be smoother than it's now. Also, thanks in advance!

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