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  • Apache and MySQL not working well after extending filesystem

    - by xtrimsky
    I had 4Gb on my /var (/dev/mapper/vg00-var) filesystem, and I wanted to extend it to 160Gb. I did it following this tutorial: http://faq.1and1.com/dedicated_servers/root_server/linux_admin_help/7.html Now I have 160: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/md1 4.0G 424M 3.6G 11% / /dev/mapper/vg00-usr 4.3G 1.4G 3.0G 32% /usr /dev/mapper/vg00-var 198G 6.5G 192G 4% /var /dev/mapper/vg00-home 4.3G 4.4M 4.3G 1% /home none 1.1G 0 1.1G 0% /tmp Now I have a problem, in order for Apache to work, each time I reboot, I need to also reboot apache: "apachectl -k restart" which is already terrible. I think this is because /var contains the htdocs The worst part is, mysql is not starting at all. Mysql has some files also in /var What have I done wrong ?? :( Thank you EDIT: Attaching /var/log/mysqld.log: 120602 11:17:44 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start 120602 11:17:45 InnoDB: 1.1.8 started; log sequence number 8354009 120602 11:17:45 [ERROR] /usr/libexec/mysqld: unknown variable 'set-variable=local-infile=0' 120602 11:17:45 [ERROR] Aborting 120602 11:17:45 InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 120602 11:17:46 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 8354009 120602 11:17:46 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: Shutdown complete 120602 11:17:46 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended

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  • Replicated filesystem and EC2 MySQL

    - by El Yobo
    I'm currently investigating migrating our infrastructure over to run on Amazon's EC2 and am trying to figure out the best way to set up a MySQL service. I'm leaning towards running our own MySQL instances, rather than going with Amazon's RDS, but am still considering the best approach for performance and cost on the instance itself. In order to have persistent data, the MySQL data needs to be on an EBS volume (with some form of striped RAID, e.g. RAID0 or RAID10) to improve persistence. However, EBS IO is limited by the network interface (gigabit, so a theoretical maximum of 128 MB/s), while the ephemeral volumes have no such problem. I did see a suggestion for running two MySQL servers on an instance, with a master running on the ephemeral disk (which we would also RAID) and a slave storing changes to an EBS volume, but this has some additional overhead and complexity (two servers). What I was imagining is using some form of replicated file system such that I could have a filesystem on top of a RAID0 of ephemeral volumes to maximise performance all changes from the above immediately replicated to another RAID1 volume backed by multiple EBS volumes to ensure no data loss The advantages of this would be best possible IO performance for the DB server; no network delay in IO decreased IO on EBS volumes (as all read IO will be done on the ephemeral volumes) so decreased cost good data security, as it's backed onto redundant EBS volumes However, I haven't seen an appropriate system to replicate all changes from one volume to the other; is there a filesystem, or any other approach, which will do this? The distributed file systems, e.g. GlusterFS, DRBD etc seem to focus on replicating disks between servers, can they be set up to do what I'm interested in here? I also haven't seen anything about other's taking this approach. Do I have a solution in need of a problem here (i.e. is performance good enough, so this whole idea is redundant)? Is there some flaw in the plan?

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  • File Storage for Web Applications: Filesystem vs DB vs NoSQL engines

    - by El Yobo
    I have a web application that stores a lot of user generated files. Currently these are all stored on the server filesystem, which has several downsides for me. When we move "folders" (as defined by our application) we also have to move the files on disk (although this is more due to strange design decisions on the part of the original developers than a requirement of storing things on the filesystem). It's hard to write tests for file system actions; I have a mock filesystem class that logs actions like move, delete etc, without performing them, which more or less does the job, but I don't have 100% confidence in the tests. I will be adding some other jobs which need to access the files from other service to perform additional tasks (e.g. indexing in Solr, generating thumbnails, movie format conversion), so I need to get at the files remotely. Doing this over network shares seems dodgy... Dealing with permissions on the filesystem as sometimes given us problems in the past, although now that we've moved to a pure Linux environment this should be less of an issue. What are the downsides of storing files as BLOBs in MySQL? I guess that it would massively increase the database size and reduce the effectiveness of caches, but are there other problems? Do the same problems exist with NoSQL systems like Cassandra? Does anyone have any other suggestions that might be appropriate?

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  • What's the fastest filesystem for developer builds?

    - by Dan Fabulich
    I'm putting together a Linux box that will act as a continuous integration build server; we'll mostly build Java stuff, but I think this question applies to any compiled language. What filesystem and configuration settings should I use? (For example, I know I won't need atime for this!) The build server will spend a lot of time reading and writing small files, and scanning directories to see which files have been modified.

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  • Tool to determine filesystem on removable media

    - by Todd Brooks
    I have a CompactFlash card that is used in a custom piece of hardware. WAV files are written to it. Windows doesn't recognize the media and wants to format it, which rules out FAT 16/32, NTFS, UDF, etc. Is there a Windows tool that can determine what filesystem the media is using and possible read the contents? I've tried dskprobe.exe, but it did not work.

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  • Good Linux disaster-ready filesystem?

    - by Felipe Solís
    I'm working on this emergency open wi-fi network project and it includes a local website (nginx + MySQL). In order to eliminate SPOFs, we're going to setup at least two of everything (server, switch, router, etc.). This network is thought to work when an earthquake strikes and it's very likely to a server to go to down, if so, we need to be able to boot them up and be operating as soon as possible. Do any of you know if any linux filesystem would work better than others in this scenario?

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  • Best filesystem choices for NFS storing VMware disk images

    - by mlambie
    Currently we use an iSCSI SAN as storage for several VMware ESXi servers. I am investigating the use of an NFS target on a Linux server for additional virtual machines. I am also open to the idea of using an alternative operating system (like OpenSolaris) if it will provide significant advantages. What Linux-based filesystem favours very large contiguous files (like VMware's disk images)? Alternatively, how have people found ZFS on OpenSolaris for this kind of workload?

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  • Is there a filesystem firewall?

    - by Jenko
    Ever since firewalls appeared on the scene, it became hard for rogue programs to access the internet. But you and I know that running applications get unrestricted access to the filesystem. They can read your files and send them to poppa. (programs such as web browsers and IM clients, which are allowed thru the internet firewall) Any way to know which programs are accessing your files? or limit their access to a specific partition?

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  • Which linux filesystem works best with SSD

    - by hbt
    From wiki: The vital TRIM function is supported by the Linux OS starting with 2.6.33 kernel (available early 2010). However, support amongst various filesystems is still inconsistent or not present. Proper partition alignment is also not carried out by installation software. So, which filesystem works best for SSD and supports TRIM + partition alignment during install and is available on Ubuntu?

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  • Trying to test space in filesystem on Unix

    - by Buzkie
    I need to check if I Filesystem exists, and if it does exist there is 300 MB of space in it. What I have so far: if [ "$(df -m /opt/IBM | grep -vE '^Filesystem' | awk '{print ($3)}')" < "300" ] then echo "not enough space in the target filesystem" exit 1 fi This throws an error. I don't really know what I'm doing in shell. My highest priority is AIX but I'm trying to get it to work for HP and Sun too. Please help. -Alex

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  • Highly efficient filesystem APIs for certain kinds of operations

    - by romkyns
    I occasionally find myself needing certain filesystem APIs which could be implemented very efficiently if supported by the filesystem, but I've never heard of them. For example: Truncate file from the beginning, on an allocation unit boundary Split file into two on an allocation unit boundary Insert or remove a chunk from the middle of the file, again, on an allocation unit boundary The only way that I know of to do things like these is to rewrite the data into a new file. This has the benefit that the allocation unit is no longer relevant, but is extremely slow in comparison to some low-level filesystem magic. I understand that the alignment requirements mean that the methods aren't always applicable, but I think they can still be useful. For example, a file archiver may be able to trim down the archive very efficiently after the user deletes a file from the archive, even if that leaves a small amount of garbage either side for alignment reasons. Is it really the case that such APIs don't exist, or am I simply not aware of them? I am mostly interested in NTFS, but hearing about other filesystems will be interesting too.

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  • How do I reduce the size of mlocate database?

    - by MountainX
    I'm out of space on /var 25G 25G 0 100% /var It looks like mlocate.db is the problem: # find . -printf '%s %p\n' | sort -nr | head 13140140032 ./lib/mlocate/mlocate.db.cgLMAM 12409839616 ./lib/mlocate/mlocate.db.MqGeqe cat /etc/updatedb.conf PRUNE_BIND_MOUNTS="yes" PRUNENAMES=".git .bzr .hg .svn" PRUNEPATHS="/tmp /var/spool /media" PRUNEFS="NFS nfs nfs4 rpc_pipefs afs binfmt_misc proc smbfs autofs iso9660 ncpfs coda devpts ftpfs devfs mfs shfs sysfs cifs lustre_lite tmpfs usbfs udf" I don't see anything else to prune. So how can I fix this? Thanks

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  • How can I keep a folder synchronized to an external USB hard drive in Ubuntu?

    - by Cesar
    I have a growing music collection which I manually keep in sync with an external USB drive. Sometimes I edit their ID3 tags, add or delete a file in either the hard drive or the USB drive, and I would like to keep those changes synchronized between both. Does Ubuntu has something available that would help me with this scenario? Preferably something easy to use with a UI. Update: To clarify my question, changes may happen on both the local hard drive or the USB drive, so the sync process must be on both directions.

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  • Read-only file system

    - by John
    The title might not be as descriptive as I would like it to be but couldn't come up with a better one. My server's file system went into Read-only. And I don't understand why it does so and how to solve it. I can SSH into the server and when trying to start apache2 for example I get the following : username@srv1:~$ sudo service apache2 start [sudo] password for username: sudo: unable to open /var/lib/sudo/username/1: Read-only file system * Starting web server apache2 (30)Read-only file system: apache2: could not open error log file /var/log/apache2/error.log. Unable to open logs Action 'start' failed. The Apache error log may have more information. When I try restarting the server I get : username@srv1:~$ sudo shutdown -r now [sudo] password for username: sudo: unable to open /var/lib/sudo/username/1: Read-only file system Once I restart it manually it just start up without any warning or message saying something is wrong. I hope somebody could point me into the right direction to resolve this issue. Thanks in advance!

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  • no entry for / in /etc/fstab

    - by valya
    Hello! I can't find an entry for mounting "/" in /etc/fstab (I was hoping to set commit value to something big because my HDD is pretty slow): [.../fest]$ cat /etc/fstab # UNCONFIGURED FSTAB FOR BASE SYSTEM /dev/sda3 /media/megahard ntfs-3g defaults,locale=en_US.UTF-8 0 0 /mnt/2Gb.swap none swap sw 0 0 [.../fest]$ cat /etc/issue Ubuntu 10.10 \n \l Netbook Remix, installed with chroot from Wubi (it's not Wubi, it's just installed from it)

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  • Whats consuming HDD Space

    - by Umair Mustafa
    I have single partition of 92GB in which I installed Ubuntu 12.04. And for some Unknown reason a message pop ups saying that I only have 1GB of HDD space left. I ran command sudo du -hscx * on / and /home /home gave me this result 4.0K C:\nppdf32Log\debuglog.txt 0 convertedvideo.avi 176M Desktop 16K Documents 169M Downloads 4.0K examples.desktop 17M file.txt 4.0K Music 984K Pictures 4.0K Public 320K Red Hat 6.iso 2.5M syslog-ng_3.3.6.tar.gz 4.0K Templates 8.0K terminal.png 1.2M Thunderbird Attachments 698M ubuntu10.04LTS.iso 16K Ubuntu One 4.0K Untitled Folder 4.0K Videos 21G VirtualBox VMs 22G total And / gave me this result 81G home 0 initrd.img 0 initrd.img.old 833M lib 16K lost+found 68K media 4.0K mnt 260M opt du: cannot access `proc/8339/task/8339/fd/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access `proc/8339/task/8339/fdinfo/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access `proc/8339/fd/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access `proc/8339/fdinfo/4': No such file or directory 0 proc 640K root 908K run 8.6M sbin 4.0K selinux 4.0K srv 0 sys 148K tmp 3.3G usr 436M var 0 vmlinuz 0 vmlinuz.old 86G total If you look at the result returned by / it shows that /home is consuming 81GB but on the other hand /home returns only 22GB. I cant figure out whats consuming the HDD. I have not installed anything except Virtual Machines Perpetrator found using Disk Usage Analyzer

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