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• How do I get nginx to issue 301 requests to HTTPS location, when SSL handled by a load-balancer?

  - by growse

  I've noticed that there's functionality enabled in nginx by default, whereby a url request without a trailing slash for a directory which exists in the filesystem automatically has a slash added through a 301 redirect. E.g. if the directory css exists within my root, then requesting http://example.com/css will result in a 301 to http://example.com/css/. However, I have another site where the SSL is offloaded by a load-balancer. In this case, when I request https://example.com/css, nginx issues a 301 redirect to http://example.com/css/, despite the fact that the HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO header is set to https by the load balancer. Is this an nginx bug? Or a config setting I've missed somewhere?

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• Ubuntu Pound Reverse Proxy Load Balancing Based off active server load?

  - by Andrew

  I have Pound installed on a loadbalancer. It seems to work okay, except that it randomly assigns the backend server to forward the request to. I've put 1 backend machine under so much load that it went into using swap, and I can't even ssh into it to test this scenareo. I would like the loadbalancer to realize that the machine is overloaded, and send it to a different backend machine. However it doesn't. I've read the man page and it seems like the directive "DynScale 1" is what would monitor this, but it still redirects to the overloaded server. I've also put in "HAport 22" to the backend figuring since I can't ssh in, neither could the loadbalancer and it would consider the backend server dead until it gets rid of the load and responds, but that didn't help either. If anyone could help with this, I'd appreciate it. My current config is below. ###################################################################### ## global options: User "www-data" Group "www-data" #RootJail "/chroot/pound" ## Logging: (goes to syslog by default) ## 0 no logging ## 1 normal ## 2 extended ## 3 Apache-style (common log format) LogLevel 3 ## check backend every X secs: Alive 5 DynScale 1 Client 1200 TimeOut 1500 # poundctl control socket Control "/var/run/pound/poundctl.socket" ###################################################################### ## listen, redirect and ... to: ## redirect all requests on port 80 to SSL ListenHTTP Address 192.168.1.XX Port 80 Service Redirect "https://xxx.com/" End End ListenHTTPS Address 192.168.1.XX Port 443 Cert "/files/www.xxx.com.pem" Service BackEnd Address 192.168.1.1 Port 80 HAport 22 End BackEnd Address 192.168.1.2 Port 80 HAport 22 End End End

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• AWS VPC ELB vs. Custom Load Balancing

  - by CP510

  So I'm wondering if this is a good idea. I have a Amazon AWS VPC setup with a public and private subnets. So I all ready get the Internet Gateway and NAT. I was going to setup all my web servers (Apache2 isntances) and DB servers in the private subnet and use a Load Balancer/Reverse Proxy to pick up requests and send them into the private subnets cluster of servers. My question then, is Amazons ELB's a good use for these, or is it better to setup my own custom instance to handle the public requests and run them through the NAT using nginx or pound? I like the second option just for the sake of having a instance I can log into and check. As well as taking advantage of caching and fail2ban ddos prevention, as well as possibly using fail safes to redirect traffic. But I have no experience with their ELB's, so I thought I'd ask your opinions. Also, if you guys have an opinion on this as well, would using the second option allow me to only have 1 public IP address and be able to route SSH connections through port numbers to respective instances? Thanks in advance!

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• Requests per second slower when using nginx for load balancing

  - by Ed Eliot

  I've set up nginx as a load balancer that reverse proxies requests to 2 Apache servers. I've benchmarked the setup with ab and am getting approx 35 requests per second with requests distributed between the 2 backend servers (not using ip_hash). What is confusing me is that if I query either of the backend servers directly via ab I get around 50 requests per second. I've experimented with a number of different values in ab the most common being 1000 requests with 100 concurrent connections. Any idea why traffic distributed across 2 servers would result in fewer requests per second than hitting either directly? Additional info: I've experimented with worker_processes values of between 1 and 8, worker_connections between 1024 and 8092 and have also tried keepalive 0 and 65. My main conf currently looks like this: user www-data; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; worker_rlimit_nofile 8192; events { worker_connections 2048; use epoll; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 0; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)"; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } I've got one virtual host (in sites available) that redirects everything under / to 2 backends across a local network.

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• Apache, Tomcat and mod_jk for load balancing

  - by pHk

  Hi guys. I've set-up a basic Apache (2.2.x) and Tomcat (6.0.x) set-up using mod_jk for load balancing using the worker.properties file. Preliminary testing seems to show that this works relatively well, and it was quite easy to set-up. However; the fact that it was so easy to set-up has got me a little worried. We're dealing with 100 - 300 concurrent users using the same web application (deployed on 2 or 3 Tomcat instances). I have done a little Googling and looking around on here and there seems to be more than 1 way to accomplish this (one example on here used a balancer:// style URL, which I've never seen before in an Apache config). For example, one question I ask myself is how reliable the load detection on mod_jk really is (Busyness, Session, Request, etc). In your experience, does this set-up prove to be reliable in real world scenarios? Any pointers on improvements, pit falls or interesting literature/articles? I've worked with Apache before, but am in no way an expert. Thanks in advance.

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• 100% CPU load on Ubuntu 10.04.3 LTS 64bit

  - by deadtired

  I have 2 days since I am trying to fix this issue, with no success. The server is a mysql database server. Hardware: DELL Poweredge 1950, 2x Intel Xeon Quad Core E5345 @ 2.33GHz, 16 Gb mem, 2x 146Gb SAS (software RAID1) Software: Ubuntu 10.04.3 LTS, MySQL 5.1.41 Issue: while mysql is not used and runs with no database, everything seems alright. As soon as I install a database, it has the reason to bring all 8 cores in 100% with low memory consumption. So, you can imagine the load average goes high (I saw 212 load average for the first time). The server doesn't become unresponsive, but you can see it's slow while browsing the project installed. Additional info: the database used is not more than 24MB and it was moved from a server with less resources and a lot more larger databases. So it's not the database/project. my.cnf is not a reason also, as I used both default one and the one I use on the same distribution on another server.What is interesting is that mysql doesn't close any process and runs to the limit of the max_connections. Logs are quiet. Nothing there. I switched to this Ubuntu version after I suspected some problems in the newly Ubuntu 11.10 server. This one worked alright for an hour after I made a kernel upgrade to 3.0.1 (it was using the memory also) I tested disk speed and seems alright. Some more output on the running server: dstat -cndymlp -N total -D total 3: htop command: Idea? Did anyone meet the same problem? Any fix you can think of?

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• Can I use a micro ec2 instance as a load balancer for my other large ec2 instances?

  - by Ryan Detzel

  The issue I'm having is I want to upgrade that instance often(security patches, etc) but I'm affriad something will fail and the site will be down. So, I want to have another server setup and load balance between the two that way I can easily disable one, upgrade it and once it's working add it back in the mix and repeat. What kind of machine is needed for a load balancer? Would the micro instance work just fine? The site gets anywhere from 3-10k hits/day. I plan on using nginx as the load balancer.

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• Nginx load balancing and maintaining URLs

  - by Steve Klabnik

  I'm trying to use nginx as a load balancer, and it's working great. One problem, though. The load balancing box is at 123.123.123.123, and the backend box is 456.456.456.456. So I have this config: upstream backend { server 456.456.456.456; } server { listen 80; server_name 123.123.123.123; access_log off; error_log off; location / { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://backend; } } This works great. I hit 123.123.123.123 in my browser, and the page comes up. But now the URL in the browser says http://456.456.456.456. Do I need to use a rewrite rule or something to keep the url correct? I don't want it to be different when going to different backed servers. None of the tutorials I've read have mentioned anything about this.

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• jQyery bind on ajax load() event

  - by Andrei C

  Hi guys. I have a page which display multiple blocks with results details. Inside each block I have some tags with thichbox jQuery plugin attached( class="thichbox"). http://jquery.com/demo/thickbox/ here is an example of one kind of ampersant tag: <a class="thickbox" title="Please Sign In" href="userloginredir.php?height=220&width=350&deal=3"> Problem comes when I added a jQuery pagination to the page because of to many results displaying on the page. The div component with the results inside is updated through ajax load() event. Below is the pagination script. $(document).ready(function(){ //References var pages = $("#menu_deals li"); var loading = $("#loading_deals"); var content = $("#content_deals"); //show loading bar function showLoading(){ loading .css({visibility:"visible"}) .css({opacity:"1"}) .css({display:"block"}) ; } //hide loading bar function hideLoading(){ loading.fadeTo(1000, 0); }; //Manage click events pages.live('click',function(){ //show the loading bar showLoading(); //Highlight current page number pages.css({'background-color' : ''}); $(this).css({'background-color' : 'yellow'}); //Load content var pageNum = this.id; var targetUrl = "ajax_search_results.php?page=" + pageNum + "&" + $("#dealsForm").serialize() + " #content_d"; content.load(targetUrl, hideLoading); }); //default - 1st page $("#1").css({'background-color' : 'yellow'}); var targetUrl = "ajax_search_results.php?page=1&" + $("#dealsForm").serialize() + " #content_d"; showLoading(); content.load(targetUrl, hideLoading); }); When I added pagination(code above), the thickbox events are not recognized anymore and instead of poping out a window with the login form inside it opens the results in new page (is acting like clicking on a normal link) From my jQuery knowledge this means that the components are not defined in the DOM because the content is updated after document ready triggered. I'm trying to bind the load event with something like this: content.bind('load',???); But I don't know how to pass the load params, targetUrl and the callback function hideLoading, when binding the load event. Please help me out in this matter, already took me more time than possible allowed. Thank you!

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• jQuery flicker using .load

  - by Dave Macaulay

  Hey guys, I'm using jQuery to dynamically load php pages into my page using the .load() function, so far this has been successful but if you click on various links to update the div with the .load() it starts to flicker between the new clicked page and the old one, this is pretty annoying and has anyone got a fix? Current code: $(document).ready(function(){ $('a').click(function() { $('#content').load($(this).attr("href")); return false; }); });

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• Enable load movie button event on other flash movie

  - by Nasir

  In my flash movie I load another flash movie with button on it. The problem is when I trigger the button the event on the load flash not function. When I check the button it trigger event trough root function on the parent clip. How I can enable the button event on the load movie when I load it on my flash movie?

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• Optimizing perceived load time for social sharing widgets on a page?

  - by Lucka

  I have placed the facebook "like" and some other social bookmarking websites link on my blog, such as Google Buzz, Digg, Twitter, etc. I just noticed that it takes a while to load my blog page as it need to load the data from the social networking sites (such as number of likes etc). How can I place the links efficiently so that first my blog content loads, and meanwhile it loads data from these websites -- in other words, these sharing widgets should not hang my blog page while waiting for data from external sites?

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• How is load average related to CPU utilization?

  - by Kaustubh P

  I am facing a load average of 3 since past 2 days. The CPU utilization is never above 40 % in all cases. Here are some screenshots of Server Density monitoring tool that I use. The process snapshot at the highest peak, @ 0:00 is as follows: And the process snapshot at the peak created at 12:00 is: My question is, even though CPU utilization is not 100 %, why am I facing a high average? PS: All snapshots are sorted by descending CPU utilization.

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• Widely-used load balancing solutions?

  - by Vimvq1987

  I asked this question http://serverfault.com/questions/124329/network-load-balancing-efficience-and-limits, and a bit disappointed that NLB was not a widely-used solution. I want to ask about widely-used solutions in the world now. Can you give me a list and a brief introduction for each? Cause of limitation of my thesis resource, I need to focus on software-only, Windows-based solution (both database level and system level are welcome). Thank you so much!

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• load balancing in Tomcat

  - by Alvin

  Hi All, I want to implement the load balancing in tomcat 6.0 so that we can create more than one instance of a tomcat and when any of the instance is down then other instance will run our application. so that our application will never be down even when the large number of concurrent request comes. But i have no idea to implement it. Please give your precious suggestions.

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• Tomcat Clustering and Load Balancing ?

  - by Rodrigo Asensio

  I have 3 tomcat servers where users get into all time. They are 3 because the processing of each request is heavy (lot of sql). Users enters to server 1 or 2 or 3. Now I want to make them "one". I know I need do clustering but, will clustering spread the requests thru the 3 servers or here is where I need implement load balancing with apache2 ?

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• CPU, Memory, Network, IO resources are under utilized when I tried various JMeter load testing

  - by Jaiganesh

  CPU, Memory, Network, IO resources are under utilized when I tried various JMeter load testing. I have given below the details. Hardware: 1 Core with 2 GB RAM OS: Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Server Edition Application: PHP (using JQuery, Ajax) JMeter Parameters: 10, 20, 30, 40 Hits per minute 220 Test Cases per hit 2.03 MB per hit I am not clear, why these resources are under utilized. Please help me to resolve this.

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• DNS with Amazon EC2 Elastic Load Balancer

  - by user68173

  I'm told that I can't make the root of a domain (example.com) a CNAME - I have to specify an IP. Given that you can't use an IP address to point at your Elastic Load Balancer, what's the best thing to do? Currently I do this: example.com - A record to elastic IP of first server- redirects to www.example.com www.example.com CNAME to hostname of load balancer If the first server is out of action, the redirect will fail. Is there a better way to approach this?

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• Load and performance testing for webapps with JavaScript support

  - by MrG

  Years ago I used OpenSTA to perform load and performance tests. Unfortunately it doesn't support JavaScript, which is a requirement this time. But I remember that it offered great recording possibilities which enabled us to quickly create new test scripts. Please let me which tools you recommend. Free tools are clearly preferred ;)

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• kerio load balance

  - by Azzam

  I use kerio winroute 6.5 , for week ago, i got a second adsl link (2 mbps), i tried to configue the load balancing in kerio , but always , kerio directs the traffic to one route without the other , i enabled NAT for firewall and change the rate between 2 links but always kerio takes the system route to one link , is there a solution for that ?

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• 4.5 Load average on single CPU

  - by Webnet

  I'm currently looking at... top - 16:27:37 up 27 min, 1 user, load average: 4.96, 3.75, 2.87 Tasks: 141 total, 6 running, 135 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 91.4%us, 6.9%sy, 0.0%ni, 0.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.3%hi, 1.3%si, 0.0%st Mem: 514952k total, 507500k used, 7452k free, 5652k buffers Swap: 1044184k total, 281400k used, 762784k free, 89164k cached This is a single 2.0 Ghz CPU with 2 GB RAM Is it time for an upgrade? I'm watching and it seems to stick around 50% CPU "us" which I assume means usage.

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• trace server load? how to

  - by Clear.Cache

  My server (Centos 4.8) keeps shooting up in load. Its a shared hosting server with Cpanel/WHM. How can I trace the process/user causing this ongoing problem? I use top, but it shows nothing that stands out for a particular script from a particular user. I have suPHP enabled with PHP 5.3x and MySQL 5 as well.

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• Providing a static IP for resources behind AWS Elastic Load Balancer (ELB)

  - by tharrison

  I need a static IP address that handles SSL traffic from a known source (a partner). Our servers are behind an AWS Elastic Load Balancer (ELB), which cannot provide a static IP address; many threads about this here. My thought is to create an instance in EC2 whose sole purpose in life is to be a reverse proxy server having it's own IP address; accepting HTTPS requests and forwarding them to the load balancer. Are there better solutions?

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• What is the difference between "load" and "fetch"?

  - by DragonLord

  I often encounter the words load and fetch in contexts where data are being read from some source, and they seem to have slightly different meanings. What's the difference? I've done some research and couldn't find any specific technical difference in general usage. While the term fetch can refer to one stage in CPU instruction execution, I've seen it used in contexts not related to CPUs, and I'm looking for an answer that is not specific to CPUs.

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• linux multipath routing load balance

  - by user52883

  I would like to know how to load balance two Business DLS links which have fixed IPs. I believe it would look something like this: ip route add default scope global \ nexthop via gatewayDLS1 dev interface1 weight 1 \ nexthop via gatewayDLS2 dev interface2 weight 1 Is this be all I need in order to get multipath routing? Please, give me a more detailed answer if possible, thanks you.

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