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  • Understand how the TLB (Translation Lookaside buffer) works and interacts with pagetable and addresses

    - by Darxval
    So I am trying to understand this TLB (Translation Lookaside Buffer). But I am having a hard time grasping it. in context of having two streams of addresses, tlb and pagetable. I don't understand the association of the TLB to the streamed addresses/tags and page tables. a. 4669, 2227, 13916, 34587, 48870, 12608, 49225 b. 12948, 49419, 46814, 13975, 40004, 12707 TLB Valid Tag Physical Page Number 1 11 12 1 7 4 1 3 6 0 4 9 Page Table Valid Physical Page or in Disk 1 5 0 Disk 0 Disk 1 6 1 9 1 11 0 Disk 1 4 0 Disk 0 Disk 1 3 1 12 How does the TLB work with the pagetable and addresses? The homework question given is: Given the address stream in the table, and the initial TLB and page table states shown above, show the final state of the system also list for each reference if it is a hit in the TLB, a hit in the page table or a page fault. But I think first i just need to know how does the TLB work with these other elements and how to determine things. How do I even start to answer this question?

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  • clicktale.com alternative that works with https and ajax

    - by Alexey Ivanov
    I need to record user's actions on site for analytics purposes. The way clicktale.com doing it is just fine. But unfortunately it have problems with working over https and recording ajax events. Is there some service or script/library that I can host that can do this task? Non-free one's are ok to. Clarification: ClickTale function that I want to reproduce is recording of separate user sessions and their replay. So you can see video of all user's interactions with page: There he clicks first, which links opens, etc. Usually such services replay user's actions buy reproducing them with javascript (and here comes ajax problem: external sites can't use ajax because of cross-domain scripting). So I'm looking for a tool (possibly script that I host on site to allow cross-domain scripting) that can record ajax blocks actions.

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  • Why Wifi no longer works 12.04.1

    - by Roger
    starting this morning over wifi (Realtek RTL8188CE) on CLEVO W253HU. May be due to the update before yesterday, more pilot managed, but somehow it worked yesterday. If someone has an idea of the problem. Back command lines: cat /etc/lsb-release DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu DISTRIB_RELEASE=12.04 DISTRIB_CODENAME=precise DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS" lsusb Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 002 Device 006: ID 192f:0416 Avago Technologies, Pte. Bus 002 Device 004: ID 5986:0315 Acer, Inc lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 05) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev b5) 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev b5) 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev b5) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 05) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM65 Express Chipset Family LPC Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family 6 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 05) 02:00.0 Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8188CE 802.11b/g/n WiFi Adapter (rev 01) 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: JMicron Technology Corp. JMC250 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 05) 03:00.1 System peripheral: JMicron Technology Corp. SD/MMC Host Controller (rev 90) 03:00.2 SD Host controller: JMicron Technology Corp. Standard SD Host Controller (rev 90) 03:00.3 System peripheral: JMicron Technology Corp. MS Host Controller (rev 90) lspci -nn | grep -i net 02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8188CE 802.11b/g/n WiFi Adapter [10ec:8176] (rev 01) 03:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: JMicron Technology Corp. JMC250 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller [197b:0250] (rev 05) lspci -k 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09) Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 4140 Kernel driver in use: agpgart-intel 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09) Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 4140 Kernel driver in use: i915 Kernel modules: i915 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 4140 Kernel driver in use: mei Kernel modules: mei 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 05) Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 4140 Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 4140 Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev b5) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev b5) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev b5) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 05) Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 4140 Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM65 Express Chipset Family LPC Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 4140 Kernel modules: iTCO_wdt 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family 6 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 4140 Kernel driver in use: ahci 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 4140 Kernel modules: i2c-i801 02:00.0 Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8188CE 802.11b/g/n WiFi Adapter (rev 01) Subsystem: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. Device 9196 Kernel modules: rtl8192ce 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: JMicron Technology Corp. JMC250 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 05) Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 4140 Kernel driver in use: jme Kernel modules: jme 03:00.1 System peripheral: JMicron Technology Corp. SD/MMC Host Controller (rev 90) Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 4140 Kernel driver in use: sdhci-pci Kernel modules: sdhci-pci 03:00.2 SD Host controller: JMicron Technology Corp. Standard SD Host Controller (rev 90) Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 4140 Kernel modules: sdhci-pci 03:00.3 System peripheral: JMicron Technology Corp. MS Host Controller (rev 90) Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 4140 Kernel driver in use: jmb38x_ms Kernel modules: jmb38x_ms sudo lshw -C network *-network NON-RÉCLAMÉ description: Network controller produit: RTL8188CE 802.11b/g/n WiFi Adapter fabriquant: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. identifiant matériel: 0 information bus: pci@0000:02:00.0 version: 01 bits: 64 bits horloge: 33MHz fonctionnalités: pm msi pciexpress cap_list configuration: latency=0 ressources: portE/S:e000(taille=256) mémoire:f7d00000-f7d03fff *-network description: Ethernet interface produit: JMC250 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller fabriquant: JMicron Technology Corp. identifiant matériel: 0 information bus: pci@0000:03:00.0 nom logique: eth0 version: 05 numéro de série: 00:90:f5:c1:c6:45 taille: 100Mbit/s capacité: 1Gbit/s bits: 32 bits horloge: 33MHz fonctionnalités: pm pciexpress msix msi bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=jme driverversion=1.0.8 duplex=full ip=192.168.1.54 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=MII speed=100Mbit/s ressources: irq:44 mémoire:f7c20000-f7c23fff portE/S:d100(taille=128) portE/S:d000(taille=256) mémoire:f7c10000-f7c1ffff mémoire:f7c00000-f7c0ffff lsmod Module Size Used by btusb 18288 0 rfcomm 47604 0 bnep 18281 2 bluetooth 180104 11 btusb,rfcomm,bnep parport_pc 32866 0 ppdev 17113 0 binfmt_misc 17540 1 snd_hda_codec_realtek 224173 0 dm_crypt 23125 0 snd_hda_codec_hdmi 32474 0 uvcvideo 72627 0 videodev 98259 1 uvcvideo v4l2_compat_ioctl32 17128 1 videodev snd_hda_intel 33773 2 snd_hda_codec 127706 3 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel snd_hwdep 13668 1 snd_hda_codec snd_pcm 97188 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec snd_seq_midi 13324 0 snd_rawmidi 30748 1 snd_seq_midi jmb38x_ms 17646 0 psmouse 87692 0 serio_raw 13211 0 memstick 16569 1 jmb38x_ms snd_seq_midi_event 14899 1 snd_seq_midi rtl8192ce 84826 0 rtl8192c_common 75767 1 rtl8192ce rtlwifi 111202 1 rtl8192ce snd_seq 61896 2 snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event snd_timer 29990 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq snd_seq_device 14540 3 snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq mac80211 506816 3 rtl8192ce,rtl8192c_common,rtlwifi mac_hid 13253 0 snd 78855 14 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device cfg80211 205544 2 rtlwifi,mac80211 soundcore 15091 1 snd snd_page_alloc 18529 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm mei 41616 0 lp 17799 0 parport 46562 3 parport_pc,ppdev,lp usbhid 47199 0 hid 99559 1 usbhid i915 473035 3 drm_kms_helper 46978 1 i915 drm 242038 4 i915,drm_kms_helper jme 41259 0 i2c_algo_bit 13423 1 i915 sdhci_pci 18826 0 sdhci 33205 1 sdhci_pci wmi 19256 0 video 19596 1 i915 iwconfig lo no wireless extensions. eth0 no wireless extensions. ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:90:f5:c1:c6:45 inet adr:192.168.1.54 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Masque:255.255.255.0 adr inet6: fe80::290:f5ff:fec1:c645/64 Scope:Lien UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 Packets reçus:4513 erreurs:0 :0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:4359 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 lg file transmission:1000 Octets reçus:3471675 (3.4 MB) Octets transmis:712722 (712.7 KB) Interruption:44 lo Link encap:Boucle locale inet adr:127.0.0.1 Masque:255.0.0.0 adr inet6: ::1/128 Scope:Hôte UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 Packets reçus:686 erreurs:0 :0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:686 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 lg file transmission:0 Octets reçus:64556 (64.5 KB) Octets transmis:64556 (64.5 KB) sudo iwlist scan lo Interface doesn't support scanning. eth0 Interface doesn't support scanning. uname -r -m 3.2.0-30-generic x86_64 cat /etc/network/interfaces auto lo iface lo inet loopback nm-tool NetworkManager Tool State: connected (global) - Device: eth0 [Connexion filaire 1] ------------------------------------------ Type: Wired Driver: jme State: connected Default: yes HW Address: 00:90:F5:C1:C6:45 Capabilities: Carrier Detect: yes Speed: 100 Mb/s Wired Properties Carrier: on IPv4 Settings: Address: 192.168.1.54 Prefix: 24 (255.255.255.0) Gateway: 192.168.1.1 DNS: 192.168.1.1 sudo rfkill listrfkill list 1: hci0: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no The absence of line "Kernel driver in use:" the return of lspci-k made ??me think that it is not loaded yet but he seems to be. lsmod | grep rtl8192ce rtl8192ce 137478 0 rtlwifi 118749 1 rtl8192ce mac80211 506816 2 rtl8192ce,rtlwifi I found something disturbing in / var / log / syslog Sep 14 11:40:11 pcroger kernel: [ 64.048783] rtl8192ce-0:rtl92c_init_sw_vars():<0-0> Failed to request firmware! Sep 14 11:40:11 pcroger kernel: [ 64.048795] rtlwifi-0:rtl_pci_probe():<0-0> Can't init_sw_vars. Sep 14 11:40:11 pcroger kernel: [ 64.048835] rtl8192ce 0000:02:00.0: PCI INT A disabled Sep 14 11:40:11 pcroger kernel: [ 64.943345] ata1.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x7fffffff SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen Sep 14 11:40:11 pcroger kernel: [ 64.943358] ata1.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED Sep 14 11:40:11 pcroger kernel: [ 64.943371] ata1.00: cmd 60/00:00:00:68:6a/04:00:0b:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 524288 in Sep 14 11:40:11 pcroger kernel: [ 64.943374] res 40/00:00:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/00 Emask 0x4 (timeout) Sep 14 11:40:11 pcroger kernel: [ 64.943381] ata1.00: status: { DRDY } Ubuntu and takes forever to start (2 min).

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  • An XEvent a Day (23 of 31) – How it Works – Multiple Transaction Log Files

    - by Jonathan Kehayias
    While working on yesterday’s blog post The Future – fn_dblog() No More? Tracking Transaction Log Activity in Denali I did a quick Google search to find a specific blog post by Paul Randal to use it as a reference, and in the results returned another blog post titled, Investigating Multiple Transaction Log Files in SQL Server caught my eye so I opened it in a new tab in IE and went about finishing the blog post.  It probably wouldn’t have gotten my attention if it hadn’t been on the SqlServerPedia...(read more)

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  • Lubuntu: neither shut-down nor restart works

    - by Rantanplan
    aI have a freshly installed Lubuntu 14.04.1 (installed with forcepae option on a laptop with Pentium M processor). The only problem that I have found so far is that I cannot shut-down or restart the laptop. It always continues showing "Lubuntu" and some dots. Pressing Esc it says wait-for-state stop/waiting * Stopping rsync daemon rsync [OK] * Asking all remaining processes to terminate… [OK] * Killing all remaining processes… [fail] ModemManager [597] : <info> Caught signal, shutting down… ModemManager [597] : <info> ModemManager is shut down nm-dispatcher.action: Could not get the system bus. Make sure the message bus daemon is running! Message: Did not receive a reply. Possible causes: the remote application did not send a reply, the message bus security policy blocked the reply, the reply timeout expired, or the network connection was broken. * Deactivating swap… [OK] * Will now halt The cursor remains blinking but the only way to switch it off is to hold the power-off key pressed for some seconds. I tried sudo shutdown -h now, sudo halt and sudo poweroff resulting in the same problem. I also tried to add acpi=force in GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" in /etc/default/grub and run sudo update-grub; then, using the taskbar's shot-down button lead to a direct stop of the laptop equal to holding the power-off key pressed for some seconds. Next I followed the answer http://askubuntu.com/a/202481/288322. Now, I directly receive some messages during shut-down starting wait-for-state stop/waiting * Stopping rsync daemon rsync [OK] * Asking all remaining processes to terminate… [OK] [ 240.944277] INFO: task kworker/0:2:24: block for more than 120 seconds. [ 240.944461] Tainted: G S 3.13.0-34-generic #60-Ubuntu [ 240.944623] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_tasks_timeout_secs" disables this message. followed by some more similar lines and then: * Killing all remaining processes… [fail] ModemManager [576] : <info> Caught signal, shutting down… nm-dispatcher.action: Caught signal 15, shutting down... ModemManager [576] : <info> ModemManager is shut down * Deactivating swap… [OK] * Will now halt [ 600.944276] INFO: task kworker/0:2:24: block for more than 120 seconds. [ 600.944458] Tainted: G S 3.13.0-34-generic #60-Ubuntu [ 600.944619] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_tasks_timeout_secs" disables this message. Then, nothing more was coming during the next 5 minutes. If you know where can I find relevant error information, I will be happy to search for them.

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  • conky stopped displaying after daul monitors setup -- works when I detect monitors

    - by synaptik
    I just recently installed Ubuntu 12.04 on a clean install. I previously was using 11.10. I am also using a new laptop with a Dell docking-station and two external monitors. When I try to use the .conkyrc file that I used previously, my conky display simply doesn't show up anywhere. However, after I went to System Settings Displays and made some slight change that caused the monitors to refresh, then conky appeared as it should. Here is my .conkyrc file: background yes use_xft yes xftfont DejaVu Sans Mono:size=8 xftalpha 0.8 out_to_console no update_interval 2.0 total_run_times 0 draw_shades no short_units yes # Create own window instead of using desktop (required in nautilus) own_window yes # If own_window is yes, you may use type normal, desktop or override own_window_type override # Use pseudo transparency with own_window? own_window_transparent yes double_buffer yes default_color f0e68c color1 white color2 AD0303 alignment bottom_left gap_x 2 gap_y 30 no_buffers yes use_spacer right pad_percents 3 xftfont Terminus:size=10 TEXT $stippled_hr cpu1: ${color1}${cpu cpu1}% ${color} cpu2: ${color1}${cpu cpu2}% ${color} load: ${color1}$loadavg ${color} hot proc: ${color1}${top cpu 1}% - ${top name 1}${color} $stippled_hr big proc: ${color1}${top_mem mem_res 1} - ${top_mem name 1}${color} memory: ${color1}$mem/$memmax $memperc%${color} $stippled_hr disk: ${color1}${fs_used /}/${fs_size /}${color} swap: ${color1}${swap}/${swapmax}${color} ${diskiograph_read 15,120 color1 0077ff 750} ${diskiograph_write 15,120 color1 0077ff 750} $stippled_hr download: ${color1}${downspeed wlan0} /s${color} ${downspeedgraph eth0 20,120 104E8B 0077ff} upload: ${color1}${upspeed wlan0} /s${color} ${upspeedgraph eth0 20,120 104E8B 0077ff} How can I fix it so that I don't have to tamper with the Displays settings in order for conky to show up?

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  • For On Page SEO, This Works Like Crazy

    When it comes to the search engines we need to be making sure that our website tells the search engines exactly what it is and what the content contained within is about. Once we have this right, which will come from the on page optimization and content, we need to build backlinks to our website which increases the popularity of our website in the search engines eyes and lifts us up through the rankings.

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  • After upgrading to 12.04 from 10.10 my mythbuntu standard MCEUSB remote no longer works

    - by keepitsimpleengineer
    I had no problems using my Windows Media Center Remote with 10.10 Mythbuntu, but after upgrading, it no longer affects Mythbuntu. I have verified and re-installed it in Mythbuntu Control Centre. I have used irw to verify the ir buttons actions are properly received by the HTPC. How do I go about fixing this? 3.2.0-26-generic (#41-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jun 14 17:49:24 UTC 2012) Xorg version: 1.11.3 (16 July 2012 08:06:31PM) GCC: 4.6 (x86_64-linux-gnu) Current updates as of 2012?07?21 $cat /etc/lirc/hardware.con #Chosen Remote Control REMOTE="Windows Media Center Transceivers/Remotes (all)" REMOTE_MODULES="lirc_dev mceusb" REMOTE_DRIVER="" REMOTE_DEVICE="/dev/lirc0" REMOTE_SOCKET="" REMOTE_LIRCD_CONF="mceusb/lircd.conf.mceusb" REMOTE_LIRCD_ARGS="" #Chosen IR Transmitter TRANSMITTER="None" TRANSMITTER_MODULES="" TRANSMITTER_DRIVER="" TRANSMITTER_DEVICE="" TRANSMITTER_SOCKET="" TRANSMITTER_LIRCD_CONF="" TRANSMITTER_LIRCD_ARGS="" #Enable lircd START_LIRCD="true" #Don't start lircmd even if there seems to be a good config file #START_LIRCMD="false" #Try to load appropriate kernel modules LOAD_MODULES="true" # Default configuration files for your hardware if any LIRCMD_CONF="" #Forcing noninteractive reconfiguration #If lirc is to be reconfigured by an external application #that doesn't have a debconf frontend available, the noninteractive #frontend can be invoked and set to parse REMOTE and TRANSMITTER #It will then populate all other variables without any user input #If you would like to configure lirc via standard methods, be sure #to leave this set to "false" FORCE_NONINTERACTIVE_RECONFIGURATION="false" START_LIRCMD="" # lsusb | grep -i infrared Bus 003 Device 002: ID 0471:0815 Philips (or NXP) eHome Infrared Receiver

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  • How Facebook's Ad Bid System Works

    - by pnongrata
    When you are creating an ad on Facebook, you are provided with a "suggested bid" range (e.g., $0.90 - $2.15 USD). According to this page: The suggested bid range is there to help you pick a maximum bid so your ad will be successful. It’s based on how many other advertisers are competing to show their ad to the same audience as you are. I'm interested in understanding what's actually going on (technically) under the hood here. Say a user logs into Facebook. On the server-side, it the HTTP request that the user's browser sent (as part of the login) is handled, and the server needs to figure out which ad to display back to the user. I assume this is where the "bidding" system comes into play? Say that, based on this user's demographics, and based on the audience targeting that several competing advertisers designed their campaign with, let's pretend that Facebook sees a pool of 20 different ads it could return. How does this bidding system help Facebook determine which of the 20 ads it returns to the client-side? I'm guessing that advertisers who "bid more" get prioritized over those who "bid less". But when does this bidding take place? How often does an advertiser need to re-bid? How long is a bid binding for? Once I understand these usage-related concepts behind ads, it will probably be obvious between which of the following "selection strategies" the backend is using: Round robin Prioritized round robin Randomized (doubtful) History-based MVP-based Thanks to anyone who can help point me in the right direction and explain what these suggested bid systems are and how they work.

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  • How Magnetic Levitation Works

    - by Akemi Iwaya
    There are multiple ways to create magnets or make objects magnetic, but the most ‘interesting’ version is the one that can affect normal ‘non-magnetic’ everyday objects. When they are placed within a magnetic field, everyday objects will start displaying diamagnetic properties and react to magnets. Watch and enjoy as MinutePhysics discusses this awesome type of magnetism in their latest video. Magnetic Levitation [YouTube]     

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  • gcc no longer works after up grade to latest Ubuntu

    - by Hugh S. Myers
    As an example: hsmyers@ubuntu:~/c_dev$ cat hello.c #include <stdio.h> int main(int argc,char **argv) { printf("Hello World!\n"); return 0; } hsmyers@ubuntu:~/c_dev$ gcc -c -o hello.o hello.c In file included from /usr/include/stdio.h:28:0, from hello.c:1: /usr/include/features.h:323:26: fatal error: bits/predefs.h: No such file or directory compilation terminated. At a guess somewhere along the way after trying to fix the error message: /usr/bin/ld: cannot find crt1.o: No such file or directory I've munged things up completely. Could anyone please advise? --hsm

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  • Penny Auctions ? How it Works

    This is how penny auctions work; the auction product?s price gets higher by a few pennies as every valid bid is submitted. The bidder?s payment is made per bid basis against the product, and the time... [Author: Martin Filion - Computers and Internet - April 10, 2010]

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  • Wifi works but doesn't start automatically on ubuntu 11.10

    - by Nikita Kononov
    Good evening everyone, I have got an issue which I hope you will help me to solve. I was trying to update my Kernel in ubuntu from this web-site http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v3.2-rc4-oneiric/ And everything went smooth. But, for some reason, my wifi doesn't work in new Kernel so I decided to switch back to my old one 3.0.0-17 generic and to my surprise WIFI doesn't start automatically eventhou it was working. What I mean is that I have to click on wifi icon and put a mark Enable Wireless. This is not a really serious issue but I don't like switch on everytime at log in my WIFI because before that it was working when system started. What is the cause of this and how to fix it. Thank you very much for you help.

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  • System monitor network speed monitor not working for LAN but works for my Wi-fi

    - by Pavak
    I'm on Ubuntu 13.10. I generally use wi-fi to connect to the internet. But Yesterday my wi-fi router occurred some problem and now it's out for warranty. So temporarily I'm using LAN. System monitor displayed the network speed correctly when I was in wi-fi. But now it's not showing any kinda network speed in System Monitor. I checked the preferences opption but couldn't find a way. I also checked "ksysguard"(KDE's system monitor) and conky. None of them working. How can i solve this? I'm attaching a screenshot to clear the problem.

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  • Accidentally deleted /etc/X11/xorg.conf.original, and now log in no longer works

    - by Cester Nilap
    I accidentally deleted xorg.conf.original-0; xorg.conf.fglrx xorg.conf.fglrx-0-1, after I tried to install fglrx drivers on the graphics card, which in fact worked on 13.04 and now as I went to 13.10 has not worked. Now I can just switch to a new TTY with: Ctrl + Alt + F2 I found this which is for nVidia cards TO install the fglrx drivers for graphic card I used this tutorial Is there any possibility that I can recover, replace, rebuilb that xorg.conf.original-0, and if exists any possibility where I could start from.

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  • Fetch as Googlebot works but Submit to Index does not for AJAX urls

    - by Jennifer
    First I fetch as googlebot, then I am prompted to Submit to Index. This I want to do, but the tool just re-prompts me. This does not happen when I am just submitting a standard url. For those urls I get a confirmation that they were submitted to the index. It only occurs when I am submitting a AJAX url. I know the urls are searchable, as I have performed many tests and see the results using /?_escaped_fragment_= Here is an example url: http://www.townbeam.com/#!events Can someone shed some light on this? Thank you

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  • In Ubuntu 13.10, none of the hotkeys of LibreOffice works in non-English keyboard layout

    - by maqtanim
    In Ubuntu 13.10, the hotkeys/shortcut-keys (Ctrl+b, Ctrl+s etc) in LibreOffice are language dependent and work in English language only. While writing in any other language (i.e. any Cyrillic and/or any Bengali etc) it's impossible to use hotkeys, they just don't do anything. Switching to English input language enable hotkeys once again. This is very frustrating as user needs to switch language to save document, to make it bold, or italic, etc. This was not experienced in Ubuntu 13.04. Steps to reproduce: System Settings Text Entry. Add another keyboard layout beside English [In my case it is Bengali (Probhat)] Now launch Writer. Switch the keyboard layout from English (US) to Bengali (Probhat) by pressing Ctrl+Space. Press Ctrl+B to change font weight to bold. Error: Font weight does not get changed. Expected: Font weight should change to bold. Note: none other system hotkeys work as expected. I.e. Ctrl+s to save, or Ctrl+b to subscript, or Ctrl+i to italic etc. Workaround: The only way is to - change the keyboard layout to English then press desired hotkey then switch keyboard layout back to Bengali. The issue is critical, as it make writer very slow for keyboard-only typing.

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  • StrongVPN on Ubuntu: Simple VPN Solution That Works

    <b>Linx Pro Magazine:</b> "Ask any knowledgeable mobile user, and she will tell you that the best way to securely access the Internet in public places is through a VPN (virtual private network) connection. So if you enjoy sipping coffee at a local cafe while checking email and browsing the Web, a secure VPN connection is a good solution..."

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  • Formatting php, what works more efficiently?

    - by JamesM-SiteGen
    Hello fellow programmers, I was just wondering what makes php work faster, I have a few methods that I always go and do, but that only improves the way I can read it, but how about the interpreter? Should I include the curly braces when there is only one statement to run? if(...){ echo "test"; } # Or.. if(...) echo "test"; === Which should be used? I have also found http://beta.phpformatter.com/ and I find the following settings to be good, but are they? Indentation: Indentation style: {K&R (One true brace style)} Indent with: {Tabs} Starting indentation: [1] Indentation: [1] Common: [x] Remove all comments [x] Remove empty lines [x] Align assignments statements nicely [ ] Put a comment with the condition after if, while, for, foreach, declare and catch statements Improvement: [x] Remove lines with just a semicolon (;) [x] Make normal comments (//) from perl comments (#) [x] Make long opening tag (<?php) from short one (<?) Brackets: [x] Space inside brackets- ( ) [x] Space inside empty brackets- ( ) [x] Space inside block brackets- [ ] [x] Space inside empty block brackets- [ ] Tiny var names: often I go through my code and change $var1 to $a, $var2 to $b and so on. I do include comments at the start of the file to show to me what each letter(s) mean.. Final note: So am I doing the right thing with the curly braces and the settings? Are there any great tips that help it run faster?

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  • Dinner with someone who works for a bank

    - by Badr Hari
    So, I have to meet my girlfriends parents, for some reason they are both programmers. They both work in a bank and as I understood they are responsible for IT security issues. (I have no detailed information about it, because my girlfriend doesn't know anything about computers) I want to make a good expression, especially because they know I can code. Is there any person here who has similar job or has some kind of idea what are they doing so in that field so I can do some research before... it's extremely important for me, please give me an advice.

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  • VPN no longer works, saves old password?

    - by nathanvda
    I am not sure if this question is related to 11.10 or gnome 3.2, but the VPN configuration screen has changed, and now the user and password is optional, but there is no way for me to override it. On our VPN we use a token, so I have to enter the password each time. But even if I clear the password, clear the password and the user, there is no way for me to unset the user and password, so I am unable to access the VPN. Because he never asks the password anymore, and each time I return to the VPN configuration window, I see the same setting. Please help. Is there another way to configure the VPN? [Found Quick Fix] Recreate the VPN connection, fill everything in but the password, and this will work the first time.

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  • After last update Unity no longer works

    - by Alen
    An hour ago I installed latest updates and now Unity doesn't work anyomore, I only see desktop with icons. Manually searching I opened system monitor and found out only 400 Mb of RAM is taken which means complete Unity is turned off. Can someone help me to fix this. Since I'm crippled I probably won't be able to provide you with all details you need because I don't have window borders, no right click menu, nothing, only Nautilus.

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  • How Windows Azure Works

    This article is taken from the book Azure in Action. The authors provide the history and current state of data centers, followed by a discussion of how Azure is architected and how Microsoft runs the cloud operating system.

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  • How Stuff Works: Fiber Optic Cables [Science]

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    Most people are familiar with the general concept of fiber optic cables–light as a method of data transmission–but how do they really work? Find out in this informative video. Bill Hammack, of Engineer Guy Videos, shows us how fiber optic cables work using–of all things–a bucket and a laser. Check out the above video for a glimpse inside how fiber optic cables work and how your analog voice can go to from your phone’s handset to a digital stream and then back to analog sound for the benefit of your friend on the end of the fiber optic transmission cable. Fiber Optic Cables: How They Work and How Engineers Use Them to Send Messages [YouTube] What is a Histogram, and How Can I Use it to Improve My Photos?How To Easily Access Your Home Network From Anywhere With DDNSHow To Recover After Your Email Password Is Compromised

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  • Cloud storage that works with rsnapshot?

    - by humbledude
    I’ve started using rsnapshot as my backup system for my home PC. I really like the idea of hard links and how they are handled. But I can’t find the best workflow. Currently I keep my snapshots on the same partition and will copy the newest snapshot to a pen-drive at the end of the week. Cloud storage is what I’m looking for. Dropbox doesn’t fit my needs, because there is no way to make Dropbox respect hard links — all snapshots are treated as full snapshots. Renting a server is pretty expensive, so my question is, are there better alternatives for backup in the cloud? I would like to benefit from hard links and send only incremental backups, just like I do with my local host.

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