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Search found 221 results on 9 pages for 'swi prolog'.

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  • How to better start learning programming - with imperative or declarative languages?

    - by user712092
    Someone is interested in learning to program. What language paradigm should I recomend him - imperative or declarative? And what programming language should he start with? I think that declarative because it is closer to math. And I would say that Prolog might be the best start because it is based on logic and programs are short. On the other hand at school we started learning from imperative languages and I am not sure whether there is a benefit to start with them instead of declarive ones. Thanks. :)

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  • What is your experience with Nitrogen on Erlang?

    - by Yuval A
    I've been checking out the Nitrogen Project which is supposed to be the most mature web development framework for Erlang. Erlang, as a language, is extremely impressive. However, with regards to Nitrogen, what I am not too keen about is using Erlang's rather uncommon syntax (unless you're native in PROLOG) to build UIs. What is your experience with it as opposed to other mainstream web frameworks such as Django or Rails?

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  • Parsing xml containing character reference

    - by Shefali Dubey
    The XML im trying to parse contains a control character 0x2 inside CDATA. I tried to replace it with character reference which led to CDATA looking like: CDATA section----charcter reference----CDATA section Now if i try to parse it i get an error message saying: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: Content is not allowed in prolog.

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  • CodeIgniter output XML in View

    - by Peter
    I tried to output XML in the view file. The view file is result_view.php and its first line is <?php echo '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>'; ?> But I get the error "Content is not allowed in prolog". So how to do this correctly? I use Eclipse + PDT.

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  • Windows32 API: "mov edi,edi" on function entry?

    - by Ira Baxter
    I'm stepping through Structured Error Handling recovery code in Windows 7 (e.g, what happens after SEH handler is done and passes back "CONTINUE" code). Here's a function which is called: 7783BD9F mov edi,edi 7783BDA1 push ebp 7783BDA2 mov ebp,esp 7783BDA4 push 1 7783BDA6 push dword ptr [ebp+0Ch] 7783BDA9 push dword ptr [ebp+8] 7783BDAC call 778692DF 7783BDB1 pop ebp 7783BDB2 ret 8 I'm used to the function prolog of "push ebp/mov ebp,esp". What's the purpose of the "mov edi,edi"?

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  • On what platform did these popular programming languages originate?

    - by speciousfool
    Perhaps you know the story of HTTP and HTML being developed on a NeXT computer. I am curious which platform served as the first home for these programming languages: Ada C C++ C# D Erlang Fortran Haskell Java Javascript Lisp Logo MATLAB ML Perl PHP Prolog Python R Ruby Scheme SQL Smalltalk I thought it might be interesting to reflect on how the machine and operating environment lead to different design decisions. Or to see if some architecture or operating system variant was particularly fruitful for programming language development. A question for the historians among us.

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  • Parallel prologue and epilogue in Grid Engine

    - by ajdecon
    We have a cluster being used to run MPI jobs for a customer. Previously this cluster used Torque as the scheduler, but we are transitioning to Grid Engine 6.2u5 (for some other features). Unfortunately, we are having trouble duplicating some of our maintenance scripts in the Grid Engine environment. In Torque, we have a prologue.parallel script which is used to carry out an automated health-check on the node. If this script returns a fail condition, Torque will helpfully offline the node and re-queue the job to use a different group of nodes. In Grid Engine, however, the queue "prolog" only runs on the head node of the job. We can manually run our prologue script from the startmpi.sh initialization script, for the mpi parallel environment; but I can't figure out how to detect a fail condition and carry out the same "mark offline and requeue" procedure. Any suggestions?

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  • Is there an alternative to Google Code Search?

    - by blunders
    Per the Official Google Blog: Code Search, which was designed to help people search for open source code all over the web, will be shut down along with the Code Search API on January 15, 2012. Google Code Search is now gone, and since that makes it much harder to understand the features it presented, here's my attempt to render them via information I gathered from a cache of the page for the Search Options: The "In Search Box" just notes the syntax to type the command directly in the main search box instead of using the advance search interface. Package (In Search Box: "package:linux-2.6") Language (In Search Box: "lang:c++") (OPTIONS: any language, actionscript, ada, applescript, asp, assembly, autoconf, automake, awk, basic, bat, c, c#, c++, caja, cobol, coldfusion, configure, css, d, eiffel, erlang, fortran, go, haskell, inform, java, java, javascript, jsp, lex, limbo, lisp, lolcode, lua, m4, makefile, maple, mathematica, matlab, messagecatalog, modula2, modula3, objectivec, ocaml, pascal, perl, php, pod, prolog, proto, python, python, r, rebol, ruby, sas, scheme, scilab, sgml, shell, smalltalk, sml, sql, svg, tcl, tex, texinfo, troff, verilog, vhdl, vim, xslt, xul, yacc) File (In Search Box: "file:^.*.java$") Class (In Search Box: "class:HashMap") Function (In Search Box: "function:toString") License (In Search Box: "license:mozilla") (OPTIONS: null/any-license, aladdin/Aladdin-Public-License, artistic/Artistic-License, apache/Apache-License, apple/Apple-Public-Source-License, bsd/BSD-License, cpl/Common-Public-License, epl/Eclipse-Public-License, agpl/GNU-Affero-General-Public-License, gpl/GNU-General-Public-License, lgpl/GNU-Lesser-General-Public-License, disclaimer/Historical-Permission-Notice-and-Disclaimer, ibm/IBM-Public-License, lucent/Lucent-Public-License, mit/MIT-License, mozilla/Mozilla-Public-License, nasa/NASA-Open-Source-Agreement, python/Python-Software-Foundation-License, qpl/Q-Public-License, sleepycat/Sleepycat-License, zope/Zope-Public-License) Case Sensitive (In Search Box: "case:no") (OPTIONS: yes, no) Also of use in understanding the search tool would be the still live FAQs page for Google Code Search. Is there any code search engine that would fully replace Google Code Search's features?

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  • The most mind-bending programming language?

    - by Xepoch
    From a reasonably common programming language, which do you find to be the most mind-bending? I have been listening to a lot of programming podcasts and taking some time to learn some new languages that are being considered upcoming, and important. I'm not necessarily talking about BrainFuck, but which language would you consider to be one that challenges the common programming paradigms? For me, I did some functional and logic (ex. Prolog) programming in the 90s, so can't say that I find anything special there. I am far from being an expert in it, but even today the most mind-bending programming language for me is Perl. Not because "Hello World" is hard to implement but rather there is so much lexical flexibility that some of the hardest solutions can be decomposed so poetically that I have to walk outside away from my terminal to clear my head. I'm not saying I'd likely sell a commercial software implementation, just that there is a distinct reason Perl is so (in)famous. Just look at the basic list of books on it. So, what is your mind-bending language that promotes your better programming and practices?

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  • The most mind-bending programming language? [closed]

    - by Xepoch
    From a reasonably common programming language, which do you find to be the most mind-bending? I have been listening to a lot of programming podcasts and taking some time to learn some new languages that are being considered upcoming, and important. I'm not necessarily talking about BrainFuck, but which language would you consider to be one that challenges the common programming paradigms? For me, I did some functional and logic (ex. Prolog) programming in the 90s, so can't say that I find anything special there. I am far from being an expert in it, but even today the most mind-bending programming language for me is Perl. Not because "Hello World" is hard to implement but rather there is so much lexical flexibility that some of the hardest solutions can be decomposed so poetically that I have to walk outside away from my terminal to clear my head. I'm not saying I'd likely sell a commercial software implementation, just that there is a distinct reason Perl is so (in)famous. Just look at the basic list of books on it. So, what is your mind-bending language that promotes your better programming and practices?

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  • Composing programs from small simple pieces: OOP vs Functional Programming

    - by Jay Godse
    I started programming when imperative programming languages such as C were virtually the only game in town for paid gigs. I'm not a computer scientist by training so I was only exposed to Assembler and Pascal in school, and not Lisp or Prolog. Over the 1990s, Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) became more popular because one of the marketing memes for OOP was that complex programs could be composed of loosely coupled but well-defined, well-tested, cohesive, and reusable classes and objects. And in many cases that is quite true. Once I learned object-oriented programming my C programs became better because I structured them more like classes and objects. In the last few years (2008-2014) I have programmed in Ruby, an OOP language. However, Ruby has many functional programming (FP) features such as lambdas and procs, which enable a different style of programming using recursion, currying, lazy evaluation and the like. (Through ignorance I am at a loss to explain why these techniques are so great). Very recently, I have written code to use methods from the Ruby Enumerable library, such as map(), reduce(), and select(). Apparently this is a functional style of programming. I have found that using these methods significantly reduce code volume, and make my code easier to debug. Upon reading more about FP, one of the marketing claims made by advocates is that FP enables developers to compose programs out of small well-defined, well-tested, and reusable functions, which leads to less buggy code, and low code volume. QUESTIONS: Is the composition of complex program by using FP techniques contradictory to or complementary to composition of a complex program by using OOP techniques? In which situations is OOP more effective, and when is FP more effective? Is it possible to use both techniques in the same complex program? Do the techniques overlap or contradict each other?

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  • How to add custom SOAP header in Spring WS using Axiom and XmlBeans

    - by java_pill
    I'm using Spring WS 1.5.8, XmlBeans for marshalling/unmarshalling and AxiomSoapMessageFactory. My app. needs a custom SOAP header. The data that needs to be in the SOAP Header is a XmlBean (i.e sessionContext in the code below). How can I construct the SOAP Header with this XmlBeans XmlObject element in it? I've mentioned the code of my WebServiceMessageCallback that I'm using and executing this code results in "'Content is not allowed in prolog.' error. Thanks, public void doWithMessage(WebServiceMessage message) throws IOException, TransformerException { SoapMessage soapMessage = (SoapMessage) message; SoapHeader header = soapMessage.getSoapHeader(); StringSource headerSource = new StringSource(XmlBeanUtils.getValue(sessionContext) ); transform(headerSource, header.getResult()); }

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  • How to remove accent characters from an InputStream

    - by Samuh
    I am trying to parse a Rss2.0 feed on Android using a Pull parser. XmlPullParser parser = Xml.newPullParser(); parser.setInput(url.open(), null); The prolog of the feed XML says the encoding is "utf-8". When I open the remote stream and pass this to my Pull Parser, I get invalid token, document not well formed exceptions. When I save the XML file and open it in the browser(FireFox) the browser reports presence of Unicode 0x12 character(grave accent?) in the file and fails to render the XML. What is the best way to handle such cases assuming that I do not have any control over the XML being returned? Thanks.

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  • Error Creating RSS Feed XML file - Java

    - by GigaPr
    Hi, i am trying to create an RssFeed using java this is the class i use import com.rssFeed.domain.RSS; import com.rssFeed.domain.RSSItem; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.util.Iterator; import javax.xml.stream.XMLEventFactory; import javax.xml.stream.XMLEventWriter; import javax.xml.stream.XMLOutputFactory; import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException; import javax.xml.stream.events.Characters; import javax.xml.stream.events.EndElement; import javax.xml.stream.events.StartDocument; import javax.xml.stream.events.StartElement; import javax.xml.stream.events.XMLEvent; public class RssBuilder { private static String XML_BLOCK = "\n"; private static String XML_INDENT = "\t"; public static void BuildRss(RSS rss, String xmlfile) throws Exception { XMLOutputFactory output = XMLOutputFactory.newInstance(); XMLEventWriter writer = output.createXMLEventWriter(new FileOutputStream(xmlfile)); try { XMLEventFactory eventFactory = XMLEventFactory.newInstance(); XMLEvent endSection = eventFactory.createDTD(XML_BLOCK); StartDocument startDocument = eventFactory.createStartDocument(); writer.add(startDocument); writer.add(endSection); StartElement rssStart = eventFactory.createStartElement("", "", "rss"); writer.add(rssStart); writer.add(eventFactory.createAttribute("version", "2.0")); writer.add(endSection); writer.add(eventFactory.createStartElement("", "", "channel")); writer.add(endSection); createNode(writer, "title", rss.getTitle()); createNode(writer, "description", rss.getDescription()); createNode(writer, "link", rss.getLink()); createNode(writer, "dateCreated", rss.getDateCreated().toString()); createNode(writer, "language", rss.getLanguage()); createNode(writer, "pubDate", rss.getPubDate().toString()); createNode(writer, "dateModified", rss.getDateModified().toString()); createNode(writer, "dateModified", rss.getDateModified().toString()); createNode(writer, "pubDate", rss.getPubDate().toString()); createNode(writer, "lastBuildDate", rss.getLastBuildDate().toString()); createNode(writer, "language", rss.getLanguage().toString()); createNode(writer, "rating", rss.getRating().toString()); Iterator<RSSItem> iterator = rss.getRssItems().iterator(); while (iterator.hasNext()) { RSSItem entry = iterator.next(); writer.add(eventFactory.createStartElement("", "", "item")); writer.add(endSection); createNode(writer, "title", entry.getTitle()); createNode(writer, "description", entry.getDescription()); createNode(writer, "link", entry.getLink()); createNode(writer, "dateCreated", entry.getDateCreated().toString()); createNode(writer, "pubDate", entry.getDateModified().toString()); writer.add(eventFactory.createEndElement("", "", "item")); writer.add(endSection); } writer.add(endSection); writer.add(eventFactory.createEndElement("", "", "channel")); writer.add(endSection); writer.add(eventFactory.createEndElement("", "", "rss")); writer.add(endSection); writer.add(eventFactory.createEndDocument()); writer.close(); } catch(Exception e) { writer.close(); } } private static void createNode(XMLEventWriter eventWriter, String name, String value)throws XMLStreamException { XMLEventFactory eventFactory = XMLEventFactory.newInstance(); XMLEvent endSection = eventFactory.createDTD(XML_BLOCK); XMLEvent tabSection = eventFactory.createDTD(XML_INDENT); StartElement sElement = eventFactory.createStartElement("", "", name); eventWriter.add(tabSection); eventWriter.add(sElement); Characters characters = eventFactory.createCharacters(value); eventWriter.add(characters); EndElement eElement = eventFactory.createEndElement("", "", name); eventWriter.add(eElement); eventWriter.add(endSection); } } But i get the following error type Exception report message descriptionThe server encountered an internal error () that prevented it from fulfilling this request. exception org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException: Request processing failed; nested exception is javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException: Can not write DOCTYPE declaration (DTD) when not in prolog any more (state 2; start element(s) written) root cause javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException: Can not write DOCTYPE declaration (DTD) when not in prolog any more (state 2; start element(s) written) what does it mean?

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  • Static analysis of multiple if statements (conditions)

    - by koppernickus
    I have code similar to: if conditionA(x, y, z) then doA() else if conditionB(x, y, z) then doB() ... else if conditionZ(x, y, z) then doZ() else throw ShouldNeverHappenException I would like to validate two things (using static analysis): If all conditions conditionA, conditionB, ..., conditionZ are mutually exclusive (i.e. it is not possible that two or more conditions are true in the same time). All possible cases are covered, i.e. "else throw" statement will never be called. Could you recommend me a tool and/or a way I could (easily) do this? I would appreciate more detailed informations than "use Prolog" or "use Mathematica"... ;-)

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  • Working with ieee format numbers in ARM

    - by Jake Sellers
    I'm trying to write an ARM program that will convert an ieee number to a TNS format number. TNS is a format used by some super computers, and is similar to ieee but different. I'm trying to use several masks to place the three different "part" of the ieee number in separate registers so I can move them around accordingly. Here is my unpack subroutine: UnpackIEEE LDR r1, SMASK ;load the sign bit mask into r1 LDR r2, EMASK ;load the exponent mask into r2 LDR r3, GMASK ;load the significand mask into r3 AND r4, r0, r1 ;apply sign mask to IEEE and save into r4 AND r5, r0, r2 ;apply exponent mask to IEEE and save into r5 AND r6, r0, r3 ;apply significand mask to IEEE and save into r6 MOV pc, r14 ;return And here are the masks and number declarations so you can understand: IEEE DCD 0x40300000 ;2.75 decimal or 01000000001100000000000000000000 binary SMASK DCD 0x80000000 ;Sign bit mask EMASK DCD 0x7F800000 ;Exponent mask GMASK DCD 0x007FFFFF ;Significand mask When I step through with the debugger, the results I get are not what I expect after working through it on paper. EDIT: What I mean, is that after the subroutine runs, registers 4, 5, and 6 all remain 0. I can't figure out why the masks are not working. I think I do not fully understand how the number is being stored in the register or using the masks wrong. Any help appreciated. If you need more info just ask. EDIT: entry point: Very simple, just trying to get these subroutines working. ENTRY LDR r1, IEEE ;load IEEE num into r1 BL UnpackIEEE ;call unpack sub SWI SWI_Exit ;finish

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  • Language in a Sandbox in Rails

    - by Jon Romero
    I've found that there WAS a sandbox gem (created by the guys that made try ruby in your browser but it was compatible only with Ruby 1.8. Another problem is that I cannot find it anymore (it seems they stop serving the gem from the servers...). So, is there any secure way of running ruby in a sandbox (so you can run it from your browser)? Or an easy way to run (for example lua/python) in a sandbox (no filesystem access, no creation of objects etc) and be called from Ruby (Rails 2.2)? I want to make an application like try_ruby even without having a ruby underneath. But it has to be an easy language (I saw there was a prolog in ruby, even a lisp but I don't think they are easy to learn languages...). So, do you have any suggestions or tips? Or should I just start creating my own DSL in Ruby (if there is a solution in creating a somewhat safe system)? Thx

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  • xml with special character, encoding utf-8

    - by Sergio Morieca
    I have a few simple questions, because I got confused reading all difference responses. 1) If I have an xml with prolog: and I'm going to unmarshall it with Java (for example: JaXB). I suppose, that I can't put CROSS OF LORRAINE (http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/2628/index.htm) inside, but I can put "\u2628", correct? 2) I've also heard that UTF-8 doesn't contain it, but anything in Unicode can be saved with encoding UTF-8 (or UTF-16), and here is an example from this page: UTF-8 (hex) 0xE2 0x98 0xA8 (e298a8) Is my reasoning correct? Can I use this form and put it in the xml with utf-8 encoding?

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  • Axis2 issue with comment in WSDL

    - by Sirs
    I'm using an Axis2 client to access an external Webservice, whose WSDL starts with the following content: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!--Created by TIBCO WSDL--><wsdl:definitions xmlns:wsdl=... My call to sendReceive crashes with the following error: com.ctc.wstx.exc.WstxUnexpectedCharException: Unexpected character 'C' (code 67) in prolog; expected '<' The 'C' is the first character on the comment in the WSDL. Without that comment everything works fine, but as far as my knowledge of basic XML dictates that comment is correct. My question would be: Is this a bug in Axis2 or is the accessed WSDL malformed? Is there any way to prevent Axis2 from crashing under these circumstances?

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  • translate ia32 into C

    - by David Lee
    I am trying to translate the following: Action: push %ebp #function prolog mov %esp, %ebp sub $0x10, %esp mov 0x8(%ebp), %eax #first line compiles to these 4 lines imul 0x8(%ebp), %eax sub $0x7, %eax mov %eax, -0x4(%ebp) addl $0x8, 0xc(%ebp) #second line mov -0x4(%ebp), %eax #third line mov 0xc(%ebp), %edx mov (%edx, %eax, 4), %eax add $0x3, %eax movb $0x41, (%eax) leave ret So far I have the following: //What am I missing? void Action(int x, char **y) { int z = x * x - 7; y+=8; //missing third line } What is the best way to translate this?

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  • Could someone explain __declspec(naked) please?

    - by Scott
    I'm looking into porting a script engine written for Windows to Linux; it's for Winamp's visualization platform AVS. I'm not sure if it's even possible at the moment. From what I can tell the code is taking the addresses of the C functions nseel_asm_atan and nseel_asm_atan_end and storing them inside a table that it can reference during code execution. I've looked at MS's documentation, but I'm unsure what __declspec(naked) really does. What is prolog and epilog code mentioned in the documentation? Is that related to Windows calling conventions? Is this portable? Know of any Linux-based examples using similar techniques? static double (*__atan)(double) = &atan; __declspec ( naked ) void nseel_asm_atan(void) { FUNC1_ENTER *__nextBlock = __atan(*parm_a); FUNC_LEAVE } __declspec ( naked ) void nseel_asm_atan_end(void) {}

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  • Does a persons' first programming language affect their programming style and if so, how? [closed]

    - by Scott Walsh
    I was speaking to an experienced lecturer recently who told me he could usually tell which programming language a student had learnt to program in by looking at their coding style (more specifically, when programming in other languages to the one which they were most comfortable with). He said that there have been multiple times when he's witnessed students attempted to write C# in Prolog. So I began to wonder, what specific traits do people gain from their first (or favourite) language which are carried over into their overall programming style, and more interestingly what good or bad habits do you think people would benefit from or should be wary of when learning specific language?

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  • SCVMM 2012 R2 - Installing Virtual Switch Fails with Error 2916

    - by Brian M.
    So I've been attempting to teach myself SCVMM 2012 and Hyper-V Server 2012 R2, and I seem to have hit a snag. I've connected my Hyper-V Host to SCVMM 2012 successfully, and created a logical network, logical switch, and uplink port profile (which I essentially blew through with the default settings). However when I attempt to create a virtual switch on my Hyper-V host, I run into an issue. The job will use my logical network settings I created to configure the virtual switch, but when it tries to apply it to the host, it stalls and eventually fails with the following error: Error (2916) VMM is unable to complete the request. The connection to the agent vmhost1.test.loc was lost. WinRM: URL: [h**p://vmhost1.test.loc:5985], Verb: [GET], Resource: [h**p://schemas.microsoft.com/wbem/wsman/1/wmi/root/virtualization/v2/Msvm_ConcreteJob?InstanceID=2F401A71-14A2-4636-9B3E-10C0EE942D33] Unknown error (0x80338126) Recommended Action Ensure that the Windows Remote Management (WinRM) service and the VMM agent are installed and running and that a firewall is not blocking HTTP/HTTPS traffic. Ensure that VMM server is able to communicate with econ-hyperv2.econ.loc over WinRM by successfully running the following command: winrm id –r:vmhost1.test.loc This problem can also be caused by a Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) service crash. If the server is running Windows Server 2008 R2, ensure that KB 982293 (h**p://support.microsoft.com/kb/982293) is installed on it. If the error persists, restart vmhost1.test.loc and then try the operation again. Refer to h**p://support.microsoft.com/kb/2742275 for more details. I restarted the server, and upon booting am greeted with a message stating "No active network adapters found." I load up powershell and run "Get-NetAdapter -IncludeHidden" to see what's going on, and get the following: Name InterfaceDescription ifIndex Status ---- -------------------- ------- ----- Local Area Connection* 5 WAN Miniport (PPPOE) 6 Di... Ethernet Microsoft Hyper-V Network Switch Def... 10 Local Area Connection* 1 WAN Miniport (L2TP) 2 Di... Local Area Connection* 8 WAN Miniport (Network Monitor) 9 Up Local Area Connection* 4 WAN Miniport (PPTP) 5 Di... Ethernet 2 Broadcom NetXtreme Gigabit Ethernet 13 Up Local Area Connection* 7 WAN Miniport (IPv6) 8 Up Local Area Connection* 9 Microsoft Kernel Debug Network Adapter 11 No... Local Area Connection* 3 WAN Miniport (IKEv2) 4 Di... Local Area Connection* 2 WAN Miniport (SSTP) 3 Di... vSwitch (TEST Test Swi... Hyper-V Virtual Switch Extension Ada... 17 Up Local Area Connection* 6 WAN Miniport (IP) 7 Up Now the machine is no longer visible on the network, and I don't have the slightest idea what went wrong, and more importantly how to undo the damage I caused in order to get back to where I was (save for re-installing Hyper-V Server, but I really would rather know what's going on and how to fix it)! Does anybody have any ideas? Much appreciated!

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  • Language Club

    - by Ben Griswold
    We started a language club at work this week.  Thus far, we have a collective interest in a number of languages: Python, Ruby, F#, Erlang, Objective-C, Scala, Clojure, Haskell and Go. There are more but these 9 received the most votes. During the first few meetings we are going to determine which language we should tackle first. To help make our selection, each member will provide a quick overview of their favored language by answering the following set of questions: Why are you interested in learning “your” language(s). (There’s lots of work, I’m an MS shill, It’s hip and  fun, etc) What type of language is it?  (OO, dynamic, functional, procedural, declarative, etc) What types of problems is your language best suited to solve?  (Algorithms over big data, rapid application development, modeling, merely academic, etc) Can you provide examples of where/how it is being used?  If it isn’t being used, why not?  (Erlang was invented at Ericsson to provide an extremely fault tolerant, concurrent system.) Quick history – Who created/sponsored the language?  When was it created?  Is it currently active? Does the language have hardware support (an attempt was made at one point to create processor instruction sets specific to Prolog), or can it run as an interpreted language inside another language (like Ruby in the JVM)? Are there facilities for programs written in this language to communicate with other languages?  How does this affect its utility? Does the language have a IDE tool support?  (Think Eclipse or Visual Studio) How well is the language supported in terms of books, community and documentation? What’s the number one things which differentiates the language from others?  (i.e. Why is it cool?) How is the language applicability to us as consultants?  What would the impact be of using the language in terms of cost, maintainability, personnel costs, etc.? What’s the number one things which differentiates the language from others?  (i.e. Why is it cool?) This should provide an decent introduction into nearly a dozen languages and give us enough context to decide which single language deserves our undivided attention for the weeks to come.  Stay tuned for the winner…

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  • How to shoot yourself in the foot (DO NOT Read in the office)

    - by TATWORTH
    Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/TATWORTH/archive/2013/06/21/how-to-shoot-yourself-in-the-foot-do-not-read.aspxLet me make it absolutely clear - the following is:merely collated by your Geek from http://www.codeproject.com/Lounge.aspx?msg=3917012#xx3917012xxvery, very very funny so you read it in the presence of others at your own riskso here is the list - you have been warned!C You shoot yourself in the foot.   C++ You accidently create a dozen instances of yourself and shoot them all in the foot. Providing emergency medical assistance is impossible since you can't tell which are bitwise copies and which are just pointing at others and saying "That's me, over there."   FORTRAN You shoot yourself in each toe, iteratively, until you run out of toes, then you read in the next foot and repeat. If you run out of bullets, you continue anyway because you have no exception-handling facility.   Modula-2 After realizing that you can't actually accomplish anything in this language, you shoot yourself in the head.   COBOL USEing a COLT 45 HANDGUN, AIM gun at LEG.FOOT, THEN place ARM.HAND.FINGER on HANDGUN.TRIGGER and SQUEEZE. THEN return HANDGUN to HOLSTER. CHECK whether shoelace needs to be retied.   Lisp You shoot yourself in the appendage which holds the gun with which you shoot yourself in the appendage which holds the gun with which you shoot yourself in the appendage which holds...   BASIC Shoot yourself in the foot with a water pistol. On big systems, continue until entire lower body is waterlogged.   Forth Foot yourself in the shoot.   APL You shoot yourself in the foot; then spend all day figuring out how to do it in fewer characters.   Pascal The compiler won't let you shoot yourself in the foot.   Snobol If you succeed, shoot yourself in the left foot. If you fail, shoot yourself in the right foot.   HyperTalk Put the first bullet of the gun into foot left of leg of you. Answer the result.   Prolog You tell your program you want to be shot in the foot. The program figures out how to do it, but the syntax doesn't allow it to explain.   370 JCL You send your foot down to MIS with a 4000-page document explaining how you want it to be shot. Three years later, your foot comes back deep-fried.   FORTRAN-77 You shoot yourself in each toe, iteratively, until you run out of toes, then you read in the next foot and repeat. If you run out of bullets, you continue anyway because you still can't do exception-processing.   Modula-2 (alternative) You perform a shooting on what might be currently a foot with what might be currently a bullet shot by what might currently be a gun.   BASIC (compiled) You shoot yourself in the foot with a BB using a SCUD missile launcher.   Visual Basic You'll really only appear to have shot yourself in the foot, but you'll have so much fun doing it that you won't care.   Forth (alternative) BULLET DUP3 * GUN LOAD FOOT AIM TRIGGER PULL BANG! EMIT DEAD IF DROP ROT THEN (This takes about five bytes of memory, executes in two to ten clock cycles on any processor and can be used to replace any existing function of the language as well as in any future words). (Welcome to bottom up programming - where you, too, can perform compiler pre-processing instead of writing code)   APL (alternative) You hear a gunshot and there's a hole in your foot, but you don't remember enough linear algebra to understand what happened. or @#&^$%&%^ foot   Pascal (alternative) Same as Modula-2 except that the bullet is not the right type for the gun and your hand is blown off.   Snobol (alternative) You grab your foot with your hand, then rewrite your hand to be a bullet. The act of shooting the original foot then changes your hand/bullet into yet another foot (a left foot).   Prolog (alternative) You attempt to shoot yourself in the foot, but the bullet, failing to find its mark, backtracks to the gun, which then explodes in your face.   COMAL You attempt to shoot yourself in the foot with a water pistol, but the bore is clogged, and the pressure build-up blows apart both the pistol and your hand. or draw_pistol aim_at_foot(left) pull_trigger hop(swearing)   Scheme As Lisp, but none of the other appendages are aware of this happening.   Algol You shoot yourself in the foot with a musket. The musket is aesthetically fascinating and the wound baffles the adolescent medic in the emergency room.   Ada If you are dumb enough to actually use this language, the United States Department of Defense will kidnap you, stand you up in front of a firing squad and tell the soldiers, "Shoot at the feet." or The Department of Defense shoots you in the foot after offering you a blindfold and a last cigarette. or After correctly packaging your foot, you attempt to concurrently load the gun, pull the trigger, scream and shoot yourself in the foot. When you try, however, you discover that your foot is of the wrong type. or After correctly packing your foot, you attempt to concurrently load the gun, pull the trigger, scream, and confidently aim at your foot knowing it is safe. However the cordite in the round does an Unchecked Conversion, fires and shoots you in the foot anyway.   Eiffel   You create a GUN object, two FOOT objects and a BULLET object. The GUN passes both the FOOT objects a reference to the BULLET. The FOOT objects increment their hole counts and forget about the BULLET. A little demon then drives a garbage truck over your feet and grabs the bullet (both of it) on the way. Smalltalk You spend so much time playing with the graphics and windowing system that your boss shoots you in the foot, takes away your workstation and makes you develop in COBOL on a character terminal. or You send the message shoot to gun, with selectors bullet and myFoot. A window pops up saying Gunpowder doesNotUnderstand: spark. After several fruitless hours spent browsing the methods for Trigger, FiringPin and IdealGas, you take the easy way out and create ShotFoot, a subclass of Foot with an additional instance variable bulletHole. Object Oriented Pascal You perform a shooting on what might currently be a foot with what might currently be a bullet fired from what might currently be a gun.   PL/I You consume all available system resources, including all the offline bullets. The Data Processing & Payroll Department doubles its size, triples its budget, acquires four new mainframes and drops the original one on your foot. Postscript foot bullets 6 locate loadgun aim gun shoot showpage or It takes the bullet ten minutes to travel from the gun to your foot, by which time you're long since gone out to lunch. The text comes out great, though.   PERL You stab yourself in the foot repeatedly with an incredibly large and very heavy Swiss Army knife. or You pick up the gun and begin to load it. The gun and your foot begin to grow to huge proportions and the world around you slows down, until the gun fires. It makes a tiny hole, which you don't feel. Assembly Language You crash the OS and overwrite the root disk. The system administrator arrives and shoots you in the foot. After a moment of contemplation, the administrator shoots himself in the foot and then hops around the room rabidly shooting at everyone in sight. or You try to shoot yourself in the foot only to discover you must first reinvent the gun, the bullet, and your foot.or The bullet travels to your foot instantly, but it took you three weeks to load the round and aim the gun.   BCPL You shoot yourself somewhere in the leg -- you can't get any finer resolution than that. Concurrent Euclid You shoot yourself in somebody else's foot.   Motif You spend days writing a UIL description of your foot, the trajectory, the bullet and the intricate scrollwork on the ivory handles of the gun. When you finally get around to pulling the trigger, the gun jams.   Powerbuilder While attempting to load the gun you discover that the LoadGun system function is buggy; as a work around you tape the bullet to the outside of the gun and unsuccessfully attempt to fire it with a nail. In frustration you club your foot with the butt of the gun and explain to your client that this approximates the functionality of shooting yourself in the foot and that the next version of Powerbuilder will fix it.   Standard ML By the time you get your code to typecheck, you're using a shoot to foot yourself in the gun.   MUMPS You shoot 583149 AK-47 teflon-tipped, hollow-point, armour-piercing bullets into even-numbered toes on odd-numbered feet of everyone in the building -- with one line of code. Three weeks later you shoot yourself in the head rather than try to modify that line.   Java You locate the Gun class, but discover that the Bullet class is abstract, so you extend it and write the missing part of the implementation. Then you implement the ShootAble interface for your foot, and recompile the Foot class. The interface lets the bullet call the doDamage method on the Foot, so the Foot can damage itself in the most effective way. Now you run the program, and call the doShoot method on the instance of the Gun class. First the Gun creates an instance of Bullet, which calls the doFire method on the Gun. The Gun calls the hit(Bullet) method on the Foot, and the instance of Bullet is passed to the Foot. But this causes an IllegalHitByBullet exception to be thrown, and you die.   Unix You shoot yourself in the foot or % ls foot.c foot.h foot.o toe.c toe.o % rm * .o rm: .o: No such file or directory % ls %   370 JCL (alternative) You shoot yourself in the head just thinking about it.   DOS JCL You first find the building you're in in the phone book, then find your office number in the corporate phone book. Then you have to write this down, then describe, in cubits, your exact location, in relation to the door (right hand side thereof). Then you need to write down the location of the gun (loading it is a proprietary utility), then you load it, and the COBOL program, and run them, and, with luck, it may be run tonight.   VMS   $ MOUNT/DENSITY=.45/LABEL=BULLET/MESSAGE="BYE" BULLET::BULLET$GUN SYS$BULLET $ SET GUN/LOAD/SAFETY=OFF/SIGHT=NONE/HAND=LEFT/CHAMBER=1/ACTION=AUTOMATIC/ LOG/ALL/FULL SYS$GUN_3$DUA3:[000000]GUN.GNU $ SHOOT/LOG/AUTO SYS$GUN SYS$SYSTEM:[FOOT]FOOT.FOOT   %DCL-W-ACTIMAGE, error activating image GUN -CLI-E-IMGNAME, image file $3$DUA240:[GUN]GUN.EXE;1 -IMGACT-F-NOTNATIVE, image is not an OpenVMS Alpha AXP image or %SYS-F-FTSHT, foot shot (fifty lines of traceback omitted) sh,csh, etc You can't remember the syntax for anything, so you spend five hours reading manual pages, then your foot falls asleep. You shoot the computer and switch to C.   Apple System 7 Double click the gun icon and a window giving a selection for guns, target areas, plus balloon help with medical remedies, and assorted sound effects. Click "shoot" button and a small bomb appears with note "Error of Type 1 has occurred."   Windows 3.1 Double click the gun icon and wait. Eventually a window opens giving a selection for guns, target areas, plus balloon help with medical remedies, and assorted sound effects. Click "shoot" button and a small box appears with note "Unable to open Shoot.dll, check that path is correct."   Windows 95 Your gun is not compatible with this OS and you must buy an upgrade and install it before you can continue. Then you will be informed that you don't have enough memory.   CP/M I remember when shooting yourself in the foot with a BB gun was a big deal.   DOS You finally found the gun, but can't locate the file with the foot for the life of you.   MSDOS You shoot yourself in the foot, but can unshoot yourself with add-on software.   Access You try to point the gun at your foot, but it shoots holes in all your Borland distribution diskettes instead.   Paradox Not only can you shoot yourself in the foot, your users can too.   dBase You squeeze the trigger, but the bullet moves so slowly that by the time your foot feels the pain, you've forgotten why you shot yourself anyway. or You buy a gun. Bullets are only available from another company and are promised to work so you buy them. Then you find out that the next version of the gun is the one scheduled to actually shoot bullets.   DBase IV, V1.0 You pull the trigger, but it turns out that the gun was a poorly designed hand grenade and the whole building blows up.   SQL You cut your foot off, send it out to a service bureau and when it returns, it has a hole in it but will no longer fit the attachment at the end of your leg. or Insert into Foot Select Bullet >From Gun.Hand Where Chamber = 'LOADED' And Trigger = 'PULLED'   Clipper You grab a bullet, get ready to insert it in the gun so that you can shoot yourself in the foot and discover that the gun that the bullets fits has not yet been built, but should be arriving in the mail _REAL_SOON_NOW_. Oracle The menus for coding foot_shooting have not been implemented yet and you can't do foot shooting in SQL.   English You put your foot in your mouth, then bite it off. (For those who don't know, English is a McDonnell Douglas/PICK query language which allegedly requires 110% of system resources to run happily.) Revelation [an implementation of the PICK Operating System] You'll be able to shoot yourself in the foot just as soon as you figure out what all these bullets are for.   FlagShip Starting at the top of your head, you aim the gun at yourself repeatedly until, half an hour later, the gun is finally pointing at your foot and you pull the trigger. A new foot with a hole in it appears but you can't work out how to get rid of the old one and your gun doesn't work anymore.   FidoNet You put your foot in your mouth, then echo it internationally.   PicoSpan [a UNIX-based computer conferencing system] You can't shoot yourself in the foot because you're not a host. or (host variation) Whenever you shoot yourself in the foot, someone opens a topic in policy about it.   Internet You put your foot in your mouth, shoot it, then spam the bullet so that everybody gets shot in the foot.   troff rmtroff -ms -Hdrwp | lpr -Pwp2 & .*place bullet in footer .B .NR FT +3i .in 4 .bu Shoot! .br .sp .in -4 .br .bp NR HD -2i .*   Genetic Algorithms You create 10,000 strings describing the best way to shoot yourself in the foot. By the time the program produces the optimal solution, humans have evolved wings and the problem is moot.   CSP (Communicating Sequential Processes) You only fail to shoot everything that isn't your foot.   MS-SQL Server MS-SQL Server’s gun comes pre-loaded with an unlimited supply of Teflon coated bullets, and it only has two discernible features: the muzzle and the trigger. If that wasn't enough, MS-SQL Server also puts the gun in your hand, applies local anesthetic to the skin of your forefinger and stitches it to the gun's trigger. Meanwhile, another process has set up a spinal block to numb your lower body. It will then proceeded to surgically remove your foot, cryogenically freeze it for preservation, and attach it to the muzzle of the gun so that no matter where you aim, you will shoot your foot. In order to avoid shooting yourself in the foot, you need to unstitch your trigger finger, remove your foot from the muzzle of the gun, and have it surgically reattached. Then you probably want to get some crutches and go out to buy a book on SQL Server Performance Tuning.   Sybase Sybase's gun requires assembly, and you need to go out and purchase your own clip and bullets to load the gun. Assembly is complicated by the fact that Sybase has hidden the gun behind a big stack of reference manuals, but it hasn't told you where that stack is. While you were off finding the gun, assembling it, buying bullets, etc., Sybase was also busy surgically removing your foot and cryogenically freezing it for preservation. Instead of attaching it to the muzzle of the gun, though, it packed your foot on dry ice and sent it UPS-Ground to an unnamed hookah bar somewhere in the middle east. In order to shoot your foot, you must modify your gun with a GPS system for targeting and hire some guy named "Indy" to find the hookah bar and wire the coordinates back to you. By this time, you've probably become so daunted at the tasks stand between you and shooting your foot that you hire a guy who's read all the books on Sybase to help you shoot your foot. If you're lucky, he'll be smart enough both to find your foot and to stop you from shooting it.   Magic software You spend 1 week looking up the correct syntax for GUN. When you find it, you realise that GUN will not let you shoot in your own foot. It will allow you to shoot almost anything but your foot. You then decide to build your own gun. You can't use the standard barrel since this will only allow for standard bullets, which will not fire if the barrel is pointed at your foot. After four weeks, you have created your own custom gun. It blows up in your hand without warning, because you failed to initialise the safety catch and it doesn't know whether the initial state is "0", 0, NULL, "ZERO", 0.0, 0,0, "0.0", or "0,00". You fix the problem with your remaining hand by nesting 12 safety catches, and then decide to build the gun without safety catch. You then shoot the management and retire to a happy life where you code in languages that will allow you to shoot your foot in under 10 days.FirefoxLets you shoot yourself in as many feet as you'd like, while using multiple great addons! IEA moving target in terms of standard ammunition size and doesn't always work properly with non-Microsoft ammunition, so sometimes you shoot something other than your foot. However, it's the corporate world's standard foot-shooting apparatus. Hackers seem to enjoy rigging websites up to trigger cascading foot-shooting failures. Windows 98 About the same as Windows 95 in terms of overall bullet capacity and triggering mechanisms. Includes updated DirectShot API. A new version was released later on to support USB guns, Windows 98 SE.WPF:You get your baseball glove and a ball and you head out to your backyard, where you throw balls to your pitchback. Then your unkempt-haired-cargo-shorts-and-sandals-with-white-socks-wearing neighbor uses XAML to sculpt your arm into a gun, the ball into a bullet and the pitchback into your foot. By now, however, only the neighbor can get it to work and he's only around from 6:30 PM - 3:30 AM. LOGO: You very carefully lay out the trajectory of the bullet. Then you start the gun, which fires very slowly. You walk precisely to the point where the bullet will travel and wait, but just before it gets to you, your class time is up and one of the other kids has already used the system to hack into Sony's PS3 network. Flash: Someone has designed a beautiful-looking gun that anyone can shoot their feet with for free. It weighs six hundred pounds. All kinds of people are shooting themselves in the feet, and sending the link to everyone else so that they can too. That is, except for the criminals, who are all stealing iOS devices that the gun won't work with.APL: Its (mostly) all greek to me. Lisp: Place ((gun in ((hand sight (foot then shoot))))) (Lots of Insipid Stupid Parentheses)Apple OS/X and iOS Once a year, Steve Jobs returns from sick leave to tell millions of unwavering fans how they will be able to shoot themselves in the foot differently this year. They retweet and blog about it ad nauseam, and wait in line to be the first to experience "shoot different".Windows ME Usually fails, even at shooting you in the foot. Yo dawg, I heard you like shooting yourself in the foot. So I put a gun in your gun, so you can shoot yourself in the foot while you shoot yourself in the foot. (Okay, I'm not especially proud of this joke.) Windows 2000 Now you really do have to log in, before you are allowed to shoot yourself in the foot.Windows XPYou thought you learned your lesson: Don't use Windows ME. Then, along came this new creature, built on top of Windows NT! So you spend the next couple days installing antivirus software, patches and service packs, just so you can get that driver to install, and then proceed to shoot yourself in the foot. Windows Vista Newer! Glossier! Shootier! Windows 7 The bullets come out a lot smoother. Active Directory Each bullet now has an attached Bullet Identifier, and can be uniquely identified. Policies can be applied to dictate fragmentation, and the gun will occasionally have a confusing delay after the trigger has been pulled. PythonYou try to use import foot; foot.shoot() only to realize that's only available in 3.0, to which you can't yet upgrade from 2.7 because of all those extension libs lacking support. Solaris Shoots best when used on SPARC hardware, but still runs the trigger GUI under Java. After weeks of learning the appropriate STOP command to prevent the trigger from automatically being pressed on boot, you think you've got it under control. Then the one time you ever use dtrace, it hits a bug that fires the gun. MySQL The feature that allows you to shoot yourself in the foot has been in development for about 6 years, and they are adding it into the next version, which is coming out REAL SOON NOW, promise! But you can always check it out of source control and try it yourself (just not in any environment where data integrity is important because it will probably explode.) PostgreSQLAllows you to have a smug look on your face while you shoot yourself in the foot, because those MySQL guys STILL don't have that feature. NoSQL Barrel? Who needs a barrel? Just put the bullet on your foot, and strike it with a hammer. See? It's so much simpler and more efficient that way. You can even strike multiple bullets in one swing if you swing with a good enough arc, because hammers are easy to use. Getting them to synchronize is a little difficult, though.Eclipse There are about a dozen different packages for shooting yourself in the foot, with weird interdependencies on outdated components. Once you finally navigate the morass and get one installed, you then have something to look at while you shoot yourself in the foot with that package: You can watch the screen redraw.Outlook Makes it really easy to let everyone know you shot yourself in the foot!Shooting yourself in the foot using delegates.You really need to shoot yourself in the foot but you hate firearms (you don't want any dependency on the specifics of shooting) so you delegate it to somebody else. You don't care how it is done as long is shooting your foot. You can do it asynchronously in case you know you may faint so you are called back/slapped in the face by your shooter/friend (or background worker) when everything is done.C#You prepare the gun and the bullet, carefully modeling all of the physics of a bullet traveling through a foot. Just before you're about to pull the trigger, you stumble on System.Windows.BodyParts.Foot.ShootAt(System.Windows.Firearms.IGun gun) in the extended framework, realize you just wasted the entire afternoon, and shoot yourself in the head.PHP<?phprequire("foot_safety_check.php");?><!DOCTYPE HTML><html><head> <!--Lower!--><title>Shooting me in the foot</title></head> <body> <!--LOWER!!!--><leg> <!--OK, I made this one up...--><footer><?php echo (dungSift($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'], "ie"))?("Your foot is safe, but you might want to wear a hard hat!"):("<div class=\"shot\">BANG!</div>"); ?></footer></leg> </body> </html>

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