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  • Arguments, local variables, and global variables in Python

    - by prosseek
    In python, there is no way to differentiate between arguments, local variables, and global variables. The easy way to do so might be have some coding convention such as Global variables start with _ and capital letter arguments end with with _ _Global variable = 10 def hello(x_, y_): z = x_ + y_ Is this a Pythonian way to go? I mean, is there well established/agreed coding-standards to differentiate them in python?

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  • Access to the registry key 'Global' is denied.

    - by Vivek Rathore
    While giving permissions to the 'defaultAppPool' user I am getting the message 'There is no such global user or group: DefaultAppPool.' Can anyone help me here! However, using command 'net localgroup "Performance Monitor Users" DefaultAppPool /add' I am able to resolve the error but i am facing this problem in Windows Server 2003/IIS 6.0. Here, I am always prompted as 'There is no such global user or group: DefaultAppPool.' I have also added the 'Network Service' but no avail.

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  • Non-global middleware in Django

    - by hekevintran
    In Django there is a settings file that defines the middleware to be run on each request. This middleware setting is global. Is there a way to specify a set of middleware on a per-view basis? I want to have specific urls use a set of middleware different from the global set.

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  • Global Search In Android

    - by Sunil
    Hi, I want Messaging (Sms/Mms) application to be part of the global search i.e., when I type a word in the omni search box (on home screen), it should show me the messages which has that word. Currently, we have local search within messaging app which works fine but how do I make messaging globally searchable. I tried refereing searchable dictornary example and also some online resource but didn't help. Please provide me the steps to make messaging application part of global search. Regards, Sunil.

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  • c# change global cursor

    - by andySF
    Hi, it is possible to change global mouse cursor from c#? the thing is i use a global hook shortcut key to capture a window like spywindow and i want to change mouse cursor globally when i select my handle and restore it when i click left mouse. Another question is about the click itself. When I'm in capture mode can i take click just for my purpose?it will be nice if i didn't press stuff on screen when i select my window!. Thanks!

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  • Patterns: Local Singleton vs. Global Singleton?

    - by Mike Rosenblum
    There is a pattern that I use from time to time, but I'm not quite sure what it is called. I was hoping that the SO community could help me out. The pattern is pretty simple, and consists of two parts: A singleton factory, which creates objects based on the arguments passed to the factory method. Objects created by the factory. So far this is just a standard "singleton" pattern or "factory pattern". The issue that I'm asking about, however, is that the singleton factory in this case maintains a set of references to every object that it ever creates, held within a dictionary. These references can sometimes be strong references and sometimes weak references, but it can always reference any object that it has ever created. When receiving a request for a "new" object, the factory first searches the dictionary to see if an object with the required arguments already exits. If it does, it returns that object, if not, it returns a new object and also stores a reference to the new object within the dictionary. This pattern prevents having duplicative objects representing the same underlying "thing". This is useful where the created objects are relatively expensive. It can also be useful where these objects perform event handling or messaging - having one object per item being represented can prevent multiple messages/events for a single underlying source. There are probably other reasons to use this pattern, but this is where I've found this useful. My question is: what to call this? In a sense, each object is a singleton, at least with respect to the data it contains. Each is unique. But there are multiple instances of this class, however, so it's not at all a true singleton. In my own personal terminology, I tend to call the factory method a "global singleton". I then call the created objects "local singletons". I sometimes also say that the created objects have "reference equality", meaning that if two variables reference the same data (the same underlying item) then the reference they each hold must be to the same exact object, hence "reference equality". But these are my own invented terms, and I am not sure that they are good ones. Is there standard terminology for this concept? And if not, could some naming suggestions be made? Thanks in advance...

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  • Supporting multiple instances of a plugin DLL with global data

    - by Bruno De Fraine
    Context: I converted a legacy standalone engine into a plugin component for a composition tool. Technically, this means that I compiled the engine code base to a C DLL which I invoke from a .NET wrapper using P/Invoke; the wrapper implements an interface defined by the composition tool. This works quite well, but now I receive the request to load multiple instances of the engine, for different projects. Since the engine keeps the project data in a set of global variables, and since the DLL with the engine code base is loaded only once, loading multiple projects means that the project data is overwritten. I can see a number of solutions, but they all have some disadvantages: You can create multiple DLLs with the same code, which are seen as different DLLs by Windows, so their code is not shared. Probably this already works if you have multiple copies of the engine DLL with different names. However, the engine is invoked from the wrapper using DllImport attributes and I think the name of the engine DLL needs to be known when compiling the wrapper. Obviously, if I have to compile different versions of the wrapper for each project, this is quite cumbersome. The engine could run as a separate process. This means that the wrapper would launch a separate process for the engine when it loads a project, and it would use some form of IPC to communicate with this process. While this is a relatively clean solution, it requires some effort to get working, I don't now which IPC technology would be best to set-up this kind of construction. There may also be a significant overhead of the communication: the engine needs to frequently exchange arrays of floating-point numbers. The engine could be adapted to support multiple projects. This means that the global variables should be put into a project structure, and every reference to the globals should be converted to a corresponding reference that is relative to a particular project. There are about 20-30 global variables, but as you can imagine, these global variables are referenced from all over the code base, so this conversion would need to be done in some automatic manner. A related problem is that you should be able to reference the "current" project structure in all places, but passing this along as an extra argument in each and every function signature is also cumbersome. Does there exist a technique (in C) to consider the current call stack and find the nearest enclosing instance of a relevant data value there? Can the stackoverflow community give some advice on these (or other) solutions?

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  • Set global hotkey with Windows modifier

    - by jay
    I want to set up a global hotkey* in VB6 that listens to the keyboard shortcut Win + O. I have found heaps of messy examples, but nothing which involves the Windows key. What's the ideal way to setup hotkeys and how does one include the Windows key as a modifier? * I'm after a global shortcut. That means I don't have to have the application in focus for it to work.

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  • Global temporary tables getting data from different session in Oracle

    - by Omnipresent
    We have a stored procedure in Oracle that uses global temporary tables. In most of our other stored procedures, first thing we do is delete data from global temporary tables. However, in few of the stored procedures we do not have the delete's. Are there any other options other than adding the delete statements? Can something be done on the Server side to forcefully delete data from those temporary tables when that SP is ran?

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  • Global Error Handling for Web Services

    - by jusaskin
    I have a web project consisting of only web services. I need a global way of handling errors on the server so I can send emails, log in event log, etc. Global.asax doesn't work according to MSDN. How should I go about this? I have tried creating a soapExtension, but it is never hit.

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  • How to Read from LocalResources in class Global area

    - by Nasser Hajloo
    I have a class name xxxx and a resource whichthe class read from it to set some string. Everything is fine and nothing goes wrong. The problem is that I have some Constant Global String which I set them in global area like public partial class ExampleDocument : ClassBase { const string TheProblem = "I can not read this string from resources cause here Methods do not work"; #region Method ... #endregion } The question is, How to read this strings frrom Rersource File.

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  • Global Variable problem

    - by riteshkumar1905
    Hi, I am new in iphone.I use a flag variable to play songs in avAudio player all songs are properly handeled with flag variable.we have two tabs in tab bar , i want that if any song playing then on other tab song info show.If we use that flag variable then i syncronize song info with song.But i can't access the value of flag on song info tab.I import the global file in song info file. Please Help me any one through which i define a global integer that var i can access in all project.

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  • PHP syntax question: global $argv, $argc;

    - by Andrew
    So I have a PHPUnit test, and found this code within a function. global $argv, $argc; echo $argc; print_r($argv); I understand what these variables represent (arguments passed from the command line), but I've never seen this syntax before:global $argv, $argc; What specifically is going on here?

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  • An object reference is required for the non-static field, method, or property using global variable

    - by Jose Cardama
    Hello Iam working in a global int in which a variable will be used later. I've made the global variable like this: class Foo { public static int stream = Bass.BASS_StreamCreateFile(path1.Text, 0, 0, BASSFlag.BASS_DEFAULT); } which will be later called like this: Foo.stream and it can also contain more then 1 stream for example stream20,30,etc... The problem here is that it returns me this error: "An object reference is required for the non-static field, method, or property" where I call the text in path1.Text How do I fix this?

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  • Oracle - truncating a global temporary table

    - by superdario
    I am processing large amounts of data in iterations, each and iteration processes around 10-50 000 records. Because of such large number of records, I am inserting them into a global temporary table first, and then process it. Usually, each iteration takes 5-10 seconds. Would it be wise to truncate the global temporary table after each iteration so that each iteration can start off with an empty table? There are around 5000 iterations.

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  • dlopen and global variables in C/C++

    - by mjn12
    Due to some restrictions I am being forced to load a library written in C at runtime. A third party provides two library to me as static archives which we turn into shared objects. The application I'm working with loads one of the libraries at runtime based on some hardware parameters. Unfortunately one of the libraries is configured largely with global variables. I am already using dlsym to load function references but can I used dlsym to load references to these global variables as well?

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  • Which laptop should I get for web design / development?

    - by Mikey1010
    Hi, I require to buy a laptop, but I'm clueless really-need a laptop that will run the usual software for web work-photoshop,fireworks,dreamweaver,flash etc but also run php and .net, maybe most programs open at same time. My budget is between £400-£600 ($600-$900) please provide links if possible! Any help is very much appreciated.

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  • Would you re-design completely under .Net?

    - by dboarman
    A very extensive application began as an Access-based system (for database storage). Forms were written in VB5 and/or VB6. As .Net became a fixture in the development community, certain modules have been rewritten. This seems very awkward and potentially costly just to maintain because of the cross-technologies and extra work to keep the two technologies happy with each other. Of course, the application uses a mix of ODBC OleDb and MySql. Would you think spending the time and resources to completely re-develop the application under .Net would be more cost effective? In an effort to develop a more stable application, wouldn't it make sense to use .Net? Or continue chasing Access bugs, adding new features in .Net (which may or may not create new bugs between .Net and Access), and rewriting old Access modules into .Net modules under time constraints that prevent proper design and development? Update The application uses OleDb and MySql - I corrected my previous statement. Also, to lend further support to rewriting: I have since found out that when the "porting" to .Net began, the VBA/VB6 code that existed was basically translated to the .Net equivalent. From my understanding, nothing was done to improve performance, or take advantage of new libraries or technologies. In my opinion, this creates a very fragile and unstable application. With every new update, this becomes more and more visible. As a help desk technician, I have noticed an increase in problems reported. The customers using the software have noticed an increase in problems and are commenting on it.

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  • Java - System design with distributed Queues and Locks

    - by sunny
    Looking for inputs to evaluate a design for a system (java) which would have a distributed queue serving several (but not too many) nodes. These nodes would process objects present in the distributed queue and on occasion require a distributed lock across the cluster on an arbitrary (distributed) data structures. These (distributed) data structures could potentially lie in a distributed cache. Eliminating Terracotta (DSO),Hazelcast and Akka what could be alternative choices. Currently considering zookeeper as a distributed locking mechanism. Since the recommendation of a znode is not to exceed the 1M size , the understanding is that zookeeper should not be used a distributed queue. And also from Netflix curator tech note 4. So should a distributed cache, say like memcached, or redis be used to emulate a distributed queue ? i.e. The distributed queue will be stored in the caches and will be locked cluster-wide via zookeeper. Are there potential pitfalls with this high-level approach. The objects don't need to be taken off the queue. The object will pass through a lifecycle which will determine its removal from the queue. There would be about 10k+ objects in a queue at a given time changing states and any node could service one stage of the object's lifecycle. (Although not strictly necessary .. i.e. one node could serve the entire lifecycle if that is more efficient.) Any suggestions/alternatives ? sidenote: new to zookeeper ; redis etc.

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  • Design and Print Your Own Christmas Cards in MS Word, Part 2: How to Print

    - by Eric Z Goodnight
    Creating greeting cards can be a lot of DIY fun around the holidays, but printing them can often be a nightmare. This simple How-To will show you how to figure out how to perfectly print your half fold card. Last week we showed you how to create a simple, attractive greeting card in Microsoft Word using Creative Commons images and basic fonts. If you missed out, it is still available, and the Word template used here can still be downloaded. If you have already made your Christmas card and are struggling to get it printed right, then this simple How-To is for you Latest Features How-To Geek ETC The How-To Geek Guide to Learning Photoshop, Part 8: Filters Get the Complete Android Guide eBook for Only 99 Cents [Update: Expired] Improve Digital Photography by Calibrating Your Monitor The How-To Geek Guide to Learning Photoshop, Part 7: Design and Typography How to Choose What to Back Up on Your Linux Home Server How To Harmonize Your Dual-Boot Setup for Windows and Ubuntu Hang in There Scrat! – Ice Age Wallpaper How Do You Know When You’ve Passed Geek and Headed to Nerd? On The Tip – A Lamborghini Theme for Chrome and Iron What if Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner were Human? [Video] Peaceful Winter Cabin Wallpaper Store Tabs for Later Viewing in Opera with Tab Vault

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  • Correct For Loop Design

    - by Yttrill
    What is the correct design for a for loop? Felix currently uses if len a > 0 do for var i in 0 upto len a - 1 do println a.[i]; done done which is inclusive of the upper bound. This is necessary to support the full range of values of a typical integer type. However the for loop shown does not support zero length arrays, hence the special test, nor will the subtraction of 1 work convincingly if the length of the array is equal to the number of integers. (I say convincingly because it may be that 0 - 1 = maxval: this is true in C for unsigned int, but are you sure it is true for unsigned char without thinking carefully about integral promotions?) The actual implementation of the for loop by my compiler does correctly handle 0 but this requires two tests to implement the loop: continue: if not (i <= bound) goto break body if i == bound goto break ++i goto continue break: Throw in the hand coded zero check in the array example and three tests are needed. If the loop were exclusive it would handle zero properly, avoiding the special test, but there'd be no way to express the upper bound of an array with maximum size. Note the C way of doing this: for(i=0; predicate(i); increment(i)) has the same problem. The predicate is tested after the increment, but the terminating increment is not universally valid! There is a general argument that a simple exclusive loop is enough: promote the index to a large type to prevent overflow, and assume no one will ever loop to the maximum value of this type.. but I'm not entirely convinced: if you promoted to C's size_t and looped from the second largest value to the largest you'd get an infinite loop!

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  • Design pattern for procedural terrain assets

    - by Alex
    I'm developing a procedural terrain class at the moment and am stuck on the correct design pattern. The terrain is 2D and is constructed from a series of (x,y) points. I currently have a method that just randomly adds points to an array of points to generate a random spread of points. However I need a more elaborate system for generating the terrain. The terrain will be built form a series of re-accuring terrain structures eg. a pit, jump, hill etc. Each structure will have some randomness assigned to it, each height of hill will be random, pit size will be random etc. Each terrain structure will have: A property detailing the number of points making up that structure A method for generating the points (not absolutely necessary) My current thinking is to have a class for each terrain structure, create a fixed amount of terrain elements ahead of the player, loop over these and add the corresponding points to the game. What is the best way to create these procedural terrain structures when they are ultimately just a set of functions for generating terrain elements? Is a class for each terrain element excessive? I'm developing the game for iphone so any objective-c related answers would be welcome.

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  • Regarding sprite design and resolution for tablets and phones

    - by Dimitris P.
    I am about to start working on a game for android devices, in my spare time, to get familiar with android development. I'm more interested in using the best practices possible than getting a quick result, and that is why I need some guidance regarding graphics. I think the game is going to be fully sprite based. Everything is going to be in .bmp form, or something similar, and my question is: Should I design the sprites in a small resolution (ie for phone screens) and scale them up to fit into larger screens (tablet screens), should I do it vice-versa or should I consider a completely different approach? Would designing a different set of sprites for each of the most used resolution settings be worth it or are there simpler solutions to the problem with fewer drawbacks than the ones I mentioned above? (If I follow the first approach, for example, the larger the screen the worse the graphics will get, since every pixel of the original drawing will cover several pixels on the screen). Is there a standard approach for dealing with this kind of problems? If you need me to be more detailed or more clear about something I mentioned (or forgot to) please don't hesitate to ask. Also, excuse me for any inaccurate use of the English language. Thank you in advance for your input.

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  • Choosing Technology To Include In Software Design

    How many of us have been forced to select one technology over another when designing a new system? What factors do we and should we consider? How can we ensure the correct business decision is made? When faced with this type of decision it is important to gather as much information possible regarding each technology being considered as well as the project itself. Additionally, I tend to delay my decision about the technology until it is ultimately necessary to be made. The reason why I tend to delay such an important design decision is due to the fact that as the project progresses requirements and other factors can alter a decision for selecting the best technology for a project. Important factors to consider when making technology decisions: Time to Implement and Maintain Total Cost of Technology (including Implementation and maintenance) Adaptability of Technology Implementation Team’s Skill Sets Complexity of Technology (including Implementation and maintenance) orecasted Return On Investment (ROI) Forecasted Profit on Investment (POI) Of the factors to consider the ROI and POI weigh the heaviest because the take in to consideration the other factors when calculating the profitability and return on investments.For a real world example let us consider developing a web based lead management system for a new company. This system can either be hosted on Microsoft Windows based web server or on a Linux based web server. Important Factors for this Example Implementation Team’s Skill Sets Member 1  Skill Set: Classic ASP, ASP.Net, and MS SQL Server Experience: 10 years Member 2  Skill Set: PHP, MySQL, Photoshop and MS SQL Server Experience: 3 years Member 3  Skill Set: C++, VB6, ASP.Net, and MS SQL Server Experience: 12 years Total Cost of Technology (including Implementation and maintenance) Linux Initial Year: $5,000 (Random Value) Additional Years: $3,000 (Random Value) Windows Initial Year: $10,000 (Random Value) Additional Years: $3,000 (Random Value) Complexity of Technology Linux Large Learning Curve with user driven documentation Estimated learning cost: $30,000 Windows Minimal based on Teams skills with Microsoft based documentation Estimated learning cost: $5,000 ROI Linux Total Cost Initial Total Cost: $35,000 Additional Cost $3,000 per year Windows Total Cost Initial Total Cost: $15,000 Additional Cost $3,000 per year Based on the hypothetical numbers it would make more sense to select windows based web server because the initial investment of the technology is much lower initially compared to the Linux based web server.

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