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• Do i need a dedicated server for load balancing?

  - by Ben

  I'm completely new to the concept of load balancing so i hope this question isn't a "stupid question" because i've been searching around and im having a hard time understanding this. So to my understanding, in order to load balance, i need a separate machine with an ip address i can direct all traffic to. I initially thought i needed to rent 3 dedicated servers, one for load balancing and the other two as backend servers. Would a dedicated server be too much for a load balancer or do hosting companies have special types of computers for that process? Then i read somewhere else that i can install a load balance software in both of the two servers and configure it in a way that doesn't require me to rent another machine/dedicated server for load balancing. So im a bit confuse on how to actually implement a load balancer and whether or not i need a dedicated server for the sole purpose of acting as a load balancing machine. Also, i was recommended to use HAproxy so i'll be heading that direction for load balancing.

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• The Boss Answer: What is a relational database?

  - by kce

  I'm mostly a system administrator and I don't directly work with databases other than installing them, setting up accounts, granting privileges, and so on. I realized that if The Boss walked up to me and asked, "What is a relational database?" I probably couldn't give a satisfactory answer... I'd maybe mumble something about data being stored and organized by categories which you can query with a special programing language (i.e., SQL). So could someone give a good "Boss Answer" for what a relational database is? And maybe how its different than just storing data on a file server? Bonus points for clever but accessible analogies and explaining tables, columns, records and fields. I'd define a "Boss Answer" as a quick one (maybe two) paragraph explanation for non-technical folks... mostly your Boss, on those rare occasions they actually ask you what it is you do all day.

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• Microsoft Excel 2010 How to reference a table to another sheet

  - by Shiro

  I am using Excel 2010. I got a sheet name "March" I would like to duplicate it (with reference / link) to another sheet called "Summary" which included January, Feb, and March. In the summary tab I would add another column called "Month" and will duplicate the value "March" or their tab month. I did some research on it, they said copy and paste special with link, but I can't find it. I need to reference the whole table, just in case any change add / remove the row of the table, the summary still will update it. Is there any solution with this? Thanks!

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• Converting text file to epub?

  - by jamesh

  I have a bunch of book length text files I'd really like to read on my EPUB reader (as it happens FBReaderJ). What would be the best route to convert them? I have access to OSX and Linux (Ubuntu). Probably happiest with a command line, but would setting for a GUI for batch conversion. My criteria for success are really based upon the shortfalls I have found with Calibre must do the whole book at least a guess of what the title/author may be. Minimum the source filename for the title. hygienic with files it uses - tidies up after itself (this is less important) doesn't try to be an all-in-one library manager (again, less important). is lenient in parsing special characters (e.g. < and & characters).

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• Turning a log file into a sort of circular buffer

  - by pachanga

  Folks, is there a *nix solution which would make the log file act as a circular buffer? For example, I'd like log files to store maximum 1Gb of data and discard the older entries once the limit is reached. Is it possible at all? I believe in order to achieve that a log file should be turned into some sort of special device... P.S. I'm aware of misc logrotating tools but this is not what I need. Logrotating requires lots of IO, happens usually once a day while I need a "runtime" solution.

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• NIC models for HVM guests in Xen 4.0

  - by Jed Daniels

  Is there a list of NIC models that I should use with various HVM guests in Xen 4.0? Is there even a list of possible choices for the model=field? I'm planning on running both Windows and FreeBSD guests on the particular Xen box that I'm configuring now, and ideally I'd like a setting that can work on both of them and get me gigabit speeds without a lot of extra hassle loading special drivers (similar to VMware's e1000 NIC option). Any suggestions? The vif line I'm currently using in my config is: vif = [ 'type=ioemu,bridge=eth0,model=ne2k_pci,script=vif-ovs' ] This works in my Windows XP SP3 VM, but is only recognized as a 10Mbit interface. Changing to model=e1000 or model=i82557b resulted in Windows not being able to find a driver for the NIC.

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• Converting Inkscape layers directly to a slideshow presentation?

  - by darenw

  I'm creating a slideshow in Inkscape. There's one or more layer per slide, plus several background layers, and some special layers to be used on several slides in a row, etc. In the past, I'd create each slide as a .png image by turning on appropriate layers and exporting an image. This is tedious and easy to make mistakes. Is it possible to automate this? To enable the right layers and save all slides directly to a file format suitable for presenatations, such as .ppt, which I can give to anyone for display? The solution will have to work on Linux.

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• Linux SW Raid: whole disk or per-partition?

  - by Steve Pomeroy

  I have inherited a machine which has 2 physical disks and uses Linux SW RAID(1). Both disks are partitioned and are are all individual arrays (/dev/md0, /dev/md6, etc.). Those arrays are then mounted (/boot, /home, etc. even /tmp). As RAID is designed to mitigate physical failures, is there any reason why one would use this technique over whole-disk arrays that are then partitioned (perhaps using LVM)? This seems prone to more potential issues, but may have some special properties that I haven't been able to glean. I'm planning on moving this setup to: disks?SWRAID(1)?LVM as I'll be making multiple VMs out of the one machine, but wanted to make sure I knew what I was doing when I got rid of the old setup.

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• Upgrade MySQL on Plesk on Windows

  - by Cyril Gupta

  I just got a nasty surprise when I installed a website in Unicode Hindi (Indian language) on a server, all freshly entered unicode data is turning into question marks on the server. On my dev machine it works perfectly. I found that I have MySQL version 5.0.45 (installed in default by Plesk I guess). On my dev machine i have version 5.1.33. I believe the problem could be due to the version difference. The new version of MySQL apparently has better support for Unicode than the older one. I want to upgrade MySQL on my Windows Server machine with Plesk installed on it I am reluctant to just install the new version using the mysql installer because Plesk maintains some custom settings for mysql and I am afraid the new version could change those settings and break my db. Can anyone tell me do I have to do anything special to install MySQL on plesk on windows or can I just use the new version installer?

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• Speedup vmware esx guest hdd access

  - by Uwe

  Hello, we run several windows servers and windows clients on our vmware esx. One of the Windows 2003 Servers is a build-server with major HDD-reads/writes. as it is our build server. This machine was a hardware before and was virtualized to the ESX. Is there any way to increase the HDD-Performance? Perhaps there are special windows (guest) drivers? The files are stored on a Raid6 base. Performance graph of vmware infrastructure client shows reads up to 650 KBps and writes up to 4000 KBps. Thank you. Regards, Uwe

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• PHP text formating: Detecting several symbols in a row

  - by ilnur777

  I have a kind of strange thing that I really nead for my text formating. Don't ask me please why I did this strange thing! ;-) So, my PHP script replaces all line foldings "\n" with one of the speacial symbol like "|". When I insert text data to database, the PHP script replaces all line foldings with the symbol "|" and when the script reads text data from the database, it replaces all special symbols "|" with line folding "\n". I want to restrict text format in the way that it will cut line foldings if there are more than 2 line foldings used in each separating texts. Here is the example of the text I want the script to format: this is text... this is text... this is text...this is text...this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... I want to restict format like: this is text... this is text... this is text...this is text...this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... this is text... So, at the first example there is only one line folding between 2 texts and on the second example there are 3 line foldings between 2 texts. How it can be possible to replace more than 2 line foldings symbols "|" if they are detected on the text? This is a kind of example I want the script to do: $text = str_replace("|||", "||", $text); $text = str_replace("||||", "||", $text); $text = str_replace("|||||", "||", $text); $text = str_replace("||||||", "||", $text); $text = str_replace("|||||||", "||", $text); ... $text = str_replace("||||||||||", "||", $text); $text = str_replace("|", "<br>", $text); HM, I HAVE PROBLEMS! THIS DOES NOT WORK WHEN TEXT DATA IS SENT IN POST METHOD. LOOK AT THIS: //REPLACING ALL LINE FOLDINGS WITH SPECIAL SYMBOL $_POST["text"] = str_replace("\n","|",$_POST["text"]); // REMOVING ALL LINE FOLDINGS $_POST["text"] = trim($_POST["text"]); // IF THERE ARE MORE THAN 3 LINE HOLDINGS - FORMAT TO 1 LINE HOLDING $_POST["text"] = preg_replace("/\|{3,}/", "||", $_POST["text"]); echo $_POST["text"];

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• Gotchas for reverse proxy setups

  - by kojiro

  We run multiple web applications, some internal-only, some internal/external. I'm putting together a proposal that we use reverse proxy servers to isolate the origin servers, provide SSL termination and (when possible) provide load balancing. For much of our setup, I'm sure it will work nicely, but we do have a few lesser-known proprietary applications that may need special treatment when we move forward with reverse-proxying. What kinds of traps tend to cause problems when moving an origin server from being on the front lines to being behind a proxy? (For example, I can imagine problems if an application needed to know the IP address of incoming requests.)

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• Maven antrun with sequential ant-contrib fails to run

  - by codevour

  We have a special routine to explode files in a subfolder into extensions, which will be copied and jared into single extension files. For this special approach I wanted to use the maven-antrun-plugin, for the sequential iteration and jar packaging through the dirset, we need the library ant-contrib. The upcoming plugin configuration fails with an error. What did I misconfigured? Thank you. Plugin configuration <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.6</version> <executions> <execution> <phase>validate</phase> <goals> <goal>run</goal> </goals> <configuration> <target> <for param="extension"> <path> <dirset dir="${basedir}/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/resources/extensions/"> <include name="*" /> </dirset> </path> <sequential> <basename property="extension.name" file="${extension}" /> <echo message="Creating JAR for extension '${extension.name}'." /> <jar destfile="${basedir}/target/extension-${extension.name}-1.0.0.jar"> <zipfileset dir="${extension}" prefix="WEB-INF/resources/extensions/${extension.name}/"> <include name="**/*" /> </zipfileset> </jar> </sequential> </for> </target> </configuration> </execution> </executions> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>ant-contrib</groupId> <artifactId>ant-contrib</artifactId> <version>1.0b3</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>ant</groupId> <artifactId>ant</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.ant</groupId> <artifactId>ant-nodeps</artifactId> <version>1.8.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </plugin> Error [ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-antrun-plugin:1.6:run (default) on project extension-platform: An Ant BuildException has occured: Problem: failed to create task or type for [ERROR] Cause: The name is undefined. [ERROR] Action: Check the spelling. [ERROR] Action: Check that any custom tasks/types have been declared. [ERROR] Action: Check that any <presetdef>/<macrodef> declarations have taken place. [ERROR] -> [Help 1] [ERROR] [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch. [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging. [ERROR] [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles: [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException

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• How to download source, modify source, recompile and build .deb package?

  - by burnersk

  I have to customize my Apache2 suExec module to ensure some special environment variables getting passed through suExec. How to download the source code form Debian package apache2-suexec, modify suexec.c - safe_env_lst, recompile and build a .deb package again to rollout on the production systems? I tried apt-get source apache2-suexec but didn't found the suexec.c within the occurred apache2-* folder. The altered source code should be like this: static const char *const safe_env_lst[] = { /* variable name starts with */ "HTTP_", "SSL_", /* NEW: Perl debugging variables */ "PERL5OPT=", "PERL5LIB=", "PERLDB_OPTS=", "DBGP_IDEKEY=", /* NEW: FCGI variables */ "FCGI=", "FCGI_CONNECTION=", "FCGI_RUNTIME=", "FCGI_STARTTIME=", draft based on: http://static.askapache.com/httpd/support/suexec.c

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• SSH service will not start on fresh Cygwin 1.7.15 install

  - by Coder6841

  OS: Windows 7 x64 Cygwin: 1.7.15-1 OpenSSH: 6.0p1-1 I'm attempting to install an SSH server on Windows 7. The tutorial that I'm following to do this is here: http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/41560/how-to-get-ssh-command-line-access-to-windows-7-using-cygwin/ The issue is that upon executing the net start sshd command I get the following output:The CYGWIN sshd service is starting. The CYGWIN sshd service could not be started. The service did not report an error. More help is available by typing NET HELPMSG 3534. Here is the full output of the setup: AdminUser@ThisComputer ~ $ ssh-host-config *** Info: Generating /etc/ssh_host_key *** Info: Generating /etc/ssh_host_rsa_key *** Info: Generating /etc/ssh_host_dsa_key *** Info: Generating /etc/ssh_host_ecdsa_key *** Info: Creating default /etc/ssh_config file *** Info: Creating default /etc/sshd_config file *** Info: Privilege separation is set to yes by default since OpenSSH 3.3. *** Info: However, this requires a non-privileged account called 'sshd'. *** Info: For more info on privilege separation read /usr/share/doc/openssh/README.privsep. *** Query: Should privilege separation be used? (yes/no) yes *** Info: Note that creating a new user requires that the current account have *** Info: Administrator privileges. Should this script attempt to create a *** Query: new local account 'sshd'? (yes/no) yes *** Info: Updating /etc/sshd_config file *** Query: Do you want to install sshd as a service? *** Query: (Say "no" if it is already installed as a service) (yes/no) yes *** Query: Enter the value of CYGWIN for the daemon: [] *** Info: On Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista, and above, the *** Info: SYSTEM account cannot setuid to other users -- a capability *** Info: sshd requires. You need to have or to create a privileged *** Info: account. This script will help you do so. *** Info: You appear to be running Windows XP 64bit, Windows 2003 Server, *** Info: or later. On these systems, it's not possible to use the LocalSystem *** Info: account for services that can change the user id without an *** Info: explicit password (such as passwordless logins [e.g. public key *** Info: authentication] via sshd). *** Info: If you want to enable that functionality, it's required to create *** Info: a new account with special privileges (unless a similar account *** Info: already exists). This account is then used to run these special *** Info: servers. *** Info: Note that creating a new user requires that the current account *** Info: have Administrator privileges itself. *** Info: No privileged account could be found. *** Info: This script plans to use 'cyg_server'. *** Info: 'cyg_server' will only be used by registered services. *** Query: Do you want to use a different name? (yes/no) no *** Query: Create new privileged user account 'cyg_server'? (yes/no) yes *** Info: Please enter a password for new user cyg_server. Please be sure *** Info: that this password matches the password rules given on your system. *** Info: Entering no password will exit the configuration. *** Query: Please enter the password: *** Query: Reenter: *** Info: User 'cyg_server' has been created with password '[CENSORED]'. *** Info: If you change the password, please remember also to change the *** Info: password for the installed services which use (or will soon use) *** Info: the 'cyg_server' account. *** Info: Also keep in mind that the user 'cyg_server' needs read permissions *** Info: on all users' relevant files for the services running as 'cyg_server'. *** Info: In particular, for the sshd server all users' .ssh/authorized_keys *** Info: files must have appropriate permissions to allow public key *** Info: authentication. (Re-)running ssh-user-config for each user will set *** Info: these permissions correctly. [Similar restrictions apply, for *** Info: instance, for .rhosts files if the rshd server is running, etc]. *** Info: The sshd service has been installed under the 'cyg_server' *** Info: account. To start the service now, call `net start sshd' or *** Info: `cygrunsrv -S sshd'. Otherwise, it will start automatically *** Info: after the next reboot. *** Info: Host configuration finished. Have fun! AdminUser@ThisComputer ~ $ net start sshd The CYGWIN sshd service is starting. The CYGWIN sshd service could not be started. The service did not report an error. More help is available by typing NET HELPMSG 3534. Note that on the line *** Query: Enter the value of CYGWIN for the daemon: [] I haven't entered anything. Tutorials often say to use ntsec or ntsec tty here but those options are removed from the latest version of OpenSSH. I've tried using them anyway and the result is the same. The file /var/log/sshd.log is empty. If I try just running the command /usr/sbin/sshd I get the output /var/empty must be owned by root and not group or world-writable.. The /var/empty directory has the following permissions: drwxr-xr-x+ 1 cyg_server root 0 May 29 15:28 empty. Google searches on this error did not turn up any working fixes. One person seems to have solved it by using the command chown SYSTEM /var/empty but that did not fix it in my case.

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• Linux software to maintain old/backup versions of directory tree

  - by Bittrance

  I am replacing an old Linux file server serving NFS and CIFS. For the new server (still serving CIFS and NFS), I would like to have software that automatically and efficiently maintains old revisions of files in parallel trees, so that they can be accessed by users without special tools. I am looking for software that is akin to Time Machine or Flyback, but works well on a server. The dataset is some 10000 files weighing maybe 60 GB. Changes are relatively few, usually less than 100 files changes daily. Using LVM snapshots will not cut it, as the old revisions must reside on a separate set of disks from the live data. Edit: To clarify: keeping old revisions is non-vital addition to the solution, so any suggestion will have to stay in the range of some hundred euros.

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• Refurbished System Windows License Key and OEM Media

  - by Timothy R. Butler

  According to this question, it is legal to use a Windows 7 OEM license that is presently installed as a 32-bit install with a 64-bit version of Windows 7. With that in mind, I purchased several refurbished systems through TigerDirect. When I received the computers today, I found that they have a Windows 7 license key attached to them that says it is a "refurbished key." A flyer in the box also seemed to imply that this key would not work with regular OEM media. Has anyone tried using regular OEM media with a refurbished key? I had hoped to create a new 64-bit WIM image that I could use on these systems, but I don't want to try replacing the default install with this new 64-bit install only to find that the key won't validate. If it requires a special customized image, is it possible to convert another type of Windows 7 disc into the required sort much as one can convert a retail disc to an OEM one (and vise versa)?

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• "the user profile service failed the logon"

  - by crazybmanp

  "the user profile service failed the logon" i had gotten this error when trying to login last night. i looked it up online and found that this was caused by an error (that is still unfound, apparently) that is causing windows to mark profiles as backup, and that the best way to fix this error is to do a system restore from the repair your computer special boot option. what i would like to know is if there someone happens to know the cause of this error, as i would not like it to happen again. Computer specifications OS: Windows 7 hard-disk check completely clean "repair startup" scan and fix: clean, no problems virus scans with kaspersky: clean (while not the usual information for specifications, i felt this info was more important for this case, any other information can be asked for.

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• What's the difference between a Table and a Named Range in Excel 2007?

  - by technomalogical

  Can someone explain the difference between Tables and Named Ranges in Excel 2007? It seems that in addition to having the features of Named Ranges, they're somehow marked as Tables which gives them special formatting & filtering options in the ribbon. Other questions: Can I treat a table as a named range? Does a named range provide me any functionality not offered by a table, and vice versa? Should I use one over the other (assuming that consumers of the spreadsheet are using Excel 2007 or higher)? Google has not been helpful (excel difference between named range and table and excel 2007 difference between named range and table) and I've found one resource describing table functionality, but no reference to named ranges.

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• High CPU usage when running a CentOS guest in VirtualBox

  - by sagi

  I am running CentOS 5.3 as a VirtualBox 3.0.0 guest running on Windows XP. The Windows host CPU usage is constantly at 50% although the CentOS guest is completely idle (i.e. 0.00 load average). I know this is a common problem related to the 1000Hz frequency that the CentOS kernel runs at, and previously a special kernel-vm packages were released to resolve the issue. However, these packages are out of date and the README says that they are not not necessary as of CentOS 5.3. I found out that there is supposedly a kernel parameter divider=10 that reduces the frequency to 100Hz with the standard kernel but it doesn't seem to have any effect when running inside VirtualBox. Is there any way to resolve the issue without resorting to a custom kernel?

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• Git version control with multiple users

  - by ignatius

  Hello, i am a little bit lost with this issue, let me explain you my problem: I want to setup a git repository, three of four users will contribute, so they need to download the code and shall be able to upload their changes to the server or update their branch with the latest modifications. So, i setup a linux machine, install git, setup the repository, then add the users in order to enable the acces throught ssh. Now my question is, What's next?, the git documentation is a little bit confusing, i.e. when i try from a dummy user account to clone the repository i got: xxx@xxx-desktop:~/Documentos/git/test$ git clone -v ssh://[email protected]/pub.git Initialized empty Git repository in /home/xxx/Documentos/git/test/pub/.git/ [email protected]'s password: fatal: '/pub.git' does not appear to be a git repository fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly is that a problem of privileges? need any special configuration? i want to avoid using git-daemon or gitosis, sorry, maybe my question sound silly but git is powerfull but i admit not so user friendly. Thanks Br

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• "Manual threading" in Thunderbird?

  - by sleske

  I use Thunderbird's threaded view of email messages to group emails together which are related. However, sometimes people will reply to messages using some mail program which does not properly set the headers to tell it's a reply, or will even write a new mail instead of replying. In these cases I would like to manually assign or "dock" a mail to an existing thread. Is there some way / addon to do this in Thunderbird? I'm thinking along the lines of a context menu "attach mail to thread XXX". The mail would then become part of that thread (maybe with a special marker explaining that it was manually grouped).

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• Files not running and folder named C:\windows\restop found with system files in it on windows 98

  - by Max

  I have an old Windows 98 machine that I started using for some stuff a few days ago. Today I noticed that I can't run many system files, so I checked my system folder and I noticed that most of the files are gone. After doing a search for them I found them in a folder in C:\windows called "restop". I don't really feel comfortable restarting because all the files are moved. Does anyone know what might've caused this or if it's safe to restart? Is there some special way to move the files back?

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• MS Word 2007 Mail Merge fails on ZIP codes with leading Zeros (eg. 01234)

  - by Pretzel

  I have an Excel Spreadsheet with a ZIP code column. For some dumb reason the original spreadsheet I got had all the zip codes stored as numbers, so a ZIP code like 01234 was stored as 1234. Easy to fix with "Format Column" as "Special = ZIP Code". All values like 1234, show up as 01234. Great! When I import it into Word via Mail Merge (to print address labels), the ZIP codes on all the addresses starting with a leading zero (like 01234) revert to their old form (1234). How do I fix this?

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• How can I tell what user account is being used by a service to access a network share on a Windows 2008 server?

  - by Mike B

  I've got a third-party app/service running on a Windows 2003 SP2 server that is trying to fetch something from a network share on Windows 2008 box. Both boxes are members of an AD domain. For some reason, the app is complaining about having insufficient permissions to read/write to the store. The app itself doesn't have any special options for acting on the authority of another user account. It just asks for a UNC path. The service is running with a "log on as" setting of Local System account. I'd like to confirm what account it's using when trying to communicate with the network share. Conversely, I'd also like more details on if/why it's being rejected by the Windows 2008 network share. Are there server-side logs on 2008 that could tell me exactly why a connection attempt to a share was rejected?

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