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  • Problem calling method inside same method in php?

    - by Fero
    Hi all, Will any one please tell me how to run this class. I am getting the FATAL ERROR: Fatal error: Call to undefined function readnumber() in E:\Program Files\xampp\htdocs\numberToWords\numberToWords.php on line 20 while giving input as 120 <?php class Test { function readnumber($num, $depth) { $num = (int)$num; $retval =""; if ($num < 0) // if it's any other negative, just flip it and call again return "negative " + readnumber(-$num, 0); if ($num > 99) // 100 and above { if ($num > 999) // 1000 and higher $retval .= readnumber($num/1000, $depth+3); $num %= 1000; // now we just need the last three digits if ($num > 99) // as long as the first digit is not zero $retval .= readnumber($num/100, 2)." hundred\n"; $retval .=readnumber($num%100, 1); // our last two digits } else // from 0 to 99 { $mod = floor($num / 10); if ($mod == 0) // ones place { if ($num == 1) $retval.="one"; else if ($num == 2) $retval.="two"; else if ($num == 3) $retval.="three"; else if ($num == 4) $retval.="four"; else if ($num == 5) $retval.="five"; else if ($num == 6) $retval.="six"; else if ($num == 7) $retval.="seven"; else if ($num == 8) $retval.="eight"; else if ($num == 9) $retval.="nine"; } else if ($mod == 1) // if there's a one in the ten's place { if ($num == 10) $retval.="ten"; else if ($num == 11) $retval.="eleven"; else if ($num == 12) $retval.="twelve"; else if ($num == 13) $retval.="thirteen"; else if ($num == 14) $retval.="fourteen"; else if ($num == 15) $retval.="fifteen"; else if ($num == 16) $retval.="sixteen"; else if ($num == 17) $retval.="seventeen"; else if ($num == 18) $retval.="eighteen"; else if ($num == 19) $retval.="nineteen"; } else // if there's a different number in the ten's place { if ($mod == 2) $retval.="twenty "; else if ($mod == 3) $retval.="thirty "; else if ($mod == 4) $retval.="forty "; else if ($mod == 5) $retval.="fifty "; else if ($mod == 6) $retval.="sixty "; else if ($mod == 7) $retval.="seventy "; else if ($mod == 8) $retval.="eighty "; else if ($mod == 9) $retval.="ninety "; if (($num % 10) != 0) { $retval = rtrim($retval); //get rid of space at end $retval .= "-"; } $retval.=readnumber($num % 10, 0); } } if ($num != 0) { if ($depth == 3) $retval.=" thousand\n"; else if ($depth == 6) $retval.=" million\n"; if ($depth == 9) $retval.=" billion\n"; } return $retval; } } $objTest = new Test(); $objTest->readnumber(120,0); ?>

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  • Beginner question: ArrayList can't seem to get it right! Pls help

    - by elementz
    I have been staring at this code all day now, but just can't get it right. ATM I am just pushing codeblocks around without being able to concentrate anymore, with the due time being within almost an hour... So you guys are my last resort here. I am supposed to create a few random balls on a canvas, those balls being stored within an ArrayList (I hope an ArrayList is suitable here: the alternative options to choose from were HashSet and HashMap). Now, whatever I do, I get the differently colored balls at the top of my canvas, but they just get stuck there and refuse to move at all. Apart from that I now get a ConcurrentModificationException, when running the code: java.util.ConcurrentModificationException at java.util.AbstractList$Itr.checkForComodification(AbstractList.java:372) at java.util.AbstractList$Itr.next(AbstractList.java:343) at BallDemo.bounce(BallDemo.java:109) Reading up on that exception, I found out that one can make sure ArrayList is accessed in a threadsafe manner by somehow synchronizing access. But since I have remember fellow students doing without synchronizing, my guess is, that it would actually be the wrong path to go. Maybe you guys could help me get this to work, I at least need those stupid balls to move ;-) /** * Simulate random bouncing balls */ public void bounce(int count) { int ground = 400; // position of the ground line System.out.println(count); myCanvas.setVisible(true); // draw the ground myCanvas.drawLine(50, ground, 550, ground); // Create an ArrayList of type BouncingBalls ArrayList<BouncingBall>balls = new ArrayList<BouncingBall>(); for (int i = 0; i < count; i++){ Random numGen = new Random(); // Creating a random color. Color col = new Color(numGen.nextInt(256), numGen.nextInt(256), numGen.nextInt(256)); // creating a random x-coordinate for the balls int ballXpos = numGen.nextInt(550); BouncingBall bBall = new BouncingBall(ballXpos, 80, 20, col, ground, myCanvas); // adding balls to the ArrayList balls.add(bBall); bBall.draw(); boolean finished = false; } for (BouncingBall bBall : balls){ bBall.move(); } } This would be the original unmodified method we got from our teacher, which only creates two balls: /** * Simulate two bouncing balls */ public void bounce() { int ground = 400; // position of the ground line myCanvas.setVisible(true); myCanvas.drawLine(50, ground, 550, ground); // draw the ground // crate and show the balls BouncingBall ball = new BouncingBall(50, 50, 16, Color.blue, ground, myCanvas); ball.draw(); BouncingBall ball2 = new BouncingBall(70, 80, 20, Color.red, ground, myCanvas); ball2.draw(); // make them bounce boolean finished = false; while(!finished) { myCanvas.wait(50); // small delay ball.move(); ball2.move(); // stop once ball has travelled a certain distance on x axis if(ball.getXPosition() >= 550 && ball2.getXPosition() >= 550) { finished = true; } } ball.erase(); ball2.erase(); } }

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  • What is wrong here (will update): subset in geom_point does not work as expected

    - by Andreas
    I ask the following in the hope that someone might come up with a generic description about the problem.Basically I have no idea whats wrong with my code. When I run the code below, plot nr. 8 turns out wrong. Specifically the subset in geom_point does not work the way it should. If somebody can tell me what the problem is, I'll update this post. SOdata <- structure(list(id = 10:55, one = c(7L, 8L, 7L, NA, 7L, 8L, 5L, 7L, 7L, 8L, NA, 10L, 8L, NA, NA, NA, NA, 6L, 5L, 6L, 8L, 4L, 7L, 6L, 9L, 7L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 6L, 5L, 8L, 8L, 7L, 7L, 6L, 6L, 8L, 6L, 8L, 8L, 7L, 7L, 5L, 5L, 8L), two = c(7L, NA, 8L, NA, 10L, 10L, 8L, 9L, 4L, 10L, NA, 10L, 9L, NA, NA, NA, NA, 7L, 8L, 9L, 10L, 9L, 8L, 8L, 8L, 8L, 8L, 9L, 10L, 8L, 8L, 8L, 10L, 9L, 10L, 8L, 9L, 10L, 8L, 8L, 7L, 10L, 8L, 9L, 7L, 9L), three = c(7L, 10L, 7L, NA, 10L, 10L, NA, 10L, NA, NA, NA, NA, 10L, NA, NA, 4L, NA, 7L, 7L, 4L, 10L, 10L, 7L, 4L, 7L, NA, 10L, 4L, 7L, 7L, 7L, 10L, 10L, 7L, 10L, 4L, 10L, 10L, 10L, 4L, 10L, 10L, 10L, 10L, 7L, 10L), four = c(7L, 10L, 4L, NA, 10L, 7L, NA, 7L, NA, NA, NA, NA, 10L, NA, NA, 4L, NA, 10L, 10L, 7L, 10L, 10L, 7L, 7L, 7L, NA, 10L, 7L, 4L, 10L, 4L, 7L, 10L, 2L, 10L, 4L, 12L, 4L, 7L, 10L, 10L, 12L, 12L, 4L, 7L, 10L), five = c(7L, NA, 6L, NA, 8L, 8L, 7L, NA, 9L, NA, NA, NA, 9L, NA, NA, NA, NA, 7L, 8L, NA, NA, 7L, 7L, 4L, NA, NA, NA, NA, 5L, 6L, 5L, 7L, 7L, 6L, 9L, NA, 10L, 7L, 8L, 5L, 7L, 10L, 7L, 4L, 5L, 10L), six = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L), .Label = c("2010-05-25", "2010-05-27", "2010-06-07"), class = "factor"), seven = c(0.777777777777778, 0.833333333333333, 0.333333333333333, 0.888888888888889, 0.5, 0.888888888888889, 0.777777777777778, 0.722222222222222, 0.277777777777778, 0.611111111111111, 0.722222222222222, 1, 0.888888888888889, 0.722222222222222, 0.555555555555556, NA, 0, 0.666666666666667, 0.666666666666667, 0.833333333333333, 0.833333333333333, 0.833333333333333, 0.833333333333333, 0.722222222222222, 0.833333333333333, 0.888888888888889, 0.666666666666667, 1, 0.777777777777778, 0.722222222222222, 0.5, 0.833333333333333, 0.722222222222222, 0.388888888888889, 0.722222222222222, 1, 0.611111111111111, 0.777777777777778, 0.722222222222222, 0.944444444444444, 0.555555555555556, 0.666666666666667, 0.722222222222222, 0.444444444444444, 0.333333333333333, 0.777777777777778), eight = c(0.666666666666667, 0.333333333333333, 0.833333333333333, 0.666666666666667, 1, 1, 0.833333333333333, 0.166666666666667, 0.833333333333333, 0.833333333333333, 1, 1, 0.666666666666667, 0.666666666666667, 0.333333333333333, 0.5, 0, 0.666666666666667, 0.5, 1, 0.666666666666667, 0.5, 0.666666666666667, 0.666666666666667, 0.666666666666667, 0.333333333333333, 0.333333333333333, 1, 0.666666666666667, 0.833333333333333, 0.666666666666667, 0.666666666666667, 0.5, 0, 0.833333333333333, 1, 0.666666666666667, 0.5, 0.666666666666667, 0.666666666666667, 0.5, 1, 0.833333333333333, 0.666666666666667, 0.833333333333333, 0.666666666666667), nine = c(0.307692307692308, NA, 0.461538461538462, 0.538461538461538, 1, 0.769230769230769, 0.538461538461538, 0.692307692307692, 0, 0.153846153846154, 0.769230769230769, NA, 0.461538461538462, NA, NA, NA, NA, 0, 0.615384615384615, 0.615384615384615, 0.769230769230769, 0.384615384615385, 0.846153846153846, 0.923076923076923, 0.615384615384615, 0.692307692307692, 0.0769230769230769, 0.846153846153846, 0.384615384615385, 0.384615384615385, 0.461538461538462, 0.384615384615385, 0.461538461538462, NA, 0.923076923076923, 0.692307692307692, 0.615384615384615, 0.615384615384615, 0.769230769230769, 0.0769230769230769, 0.230769230769231, 0.692307692307692, 0.769230769230769, 0.230769230769231, 0.769230769230769, 0.615384615384615), ten = c(0.875, 0.625, 0.375, 0.75, 0.75, 0.75, 0.625, 0.875, 1, 0.125, 1, NA, 0.625, 0.75, 0.75, 0.375, NA, 0.625, 0.5, 0.75, 0.875, 0.625, 0.875, 0.75, 0.625, 0.875, 0.5, 0.75, 0, 0.5, 0.875, 1, 0.75, 0.125, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.625, 0.375, 0.625, 0.625, 0.75, 0.875, 0.375, 0, 0.875), elleven = c(1, 0.8, 0.7, 0.9, 0, 1, 0.9, 0.5, 0, 0.8, 0.8, NA, 0.8, NA, NA, 0.8, NA, 0.4, 0.8, 0.5, 1, 0.4, 0.5, 0.9, 0.8, 1, 0.8, 0.5, 0.3, 0.9, 0.2, 1, 0.8, 0.1, 1, 0.8, 0.5, 0.2, 0.7, 0.8, 1, 0.9, 0.6, 0.8, 0.2, 1), twelve = c(0.666666666666667, NA, 0.133333333333333, 1, 1, 0.8, 0.4, 0.733333333333333, NA, 0.933333333333333, NA, NA, 0.6, 0.533333333333333, NA, 0.533333333333333, NA, 0, 0.6, 0.533333333333333, 0.733333333333333, 0.6, 0.733333333333333, 0.666666666666667, 0.533333333333333, 0.733333333333333, 0.466666666666667, 0.733333333333333, 1, 0.733333333333333, 0.666666666666667, 0.533333333333333, NA, 0.533333333333333, 0.6, 0.866666666666667, 0.466666666666667, 0.533333333333333, 0.333333333333333, 0.6, 0.6, 0.866666666666667, 0.666666666666667, 0.6, 0.6, 0.533333333333333)), .Names = c("id", "one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine", "ten", "elleven", "twelve"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -46L)) iqr <- function(x, ...) { qs <- quantile(as.numeric(x), c(0.25, 0.5, 0.75), na.rm = T) names(qs) <- c("ymin", "y", "ymax") qs } magic <- function(y, ...) { high <- median(SOdata[[y]], na.rm=T)+1.5*sd(SOdata[[y]],na.rm=T) low <- median(SOdata[[y]], na.rm=T)-1.5*sd(SOdata[[y]],na.rm=T) ggplot(SOdata, aes_string(x="six", y=y))+ stat_summary(fun.data="iqr", geom="crossbar", fill="grey", alpha=0.3)+ geom_point(data = SOdata[SOdata[[y]] > high,], position=position_jitter(w=0.1, h=0),col="green", alpha=0.5)+ geom_point(data = SOdata[SOdata[[y]] < low,], position=position_jitter(w=0.1, h=0),col="red", alpha=0.5)+ stat_summary(fun.y=median, geom="point",shape=18 ,size=4, col="orange") } for (i in names(SOdata)[-c(1,7)]) { p<- magic(i) ggsave(paste("magig_plot_",i,".png",sep=""), plot=p, height=3.5, width=5.5) }

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  • Do you have suggestions for these assembly mnemonics?

    - by Noctis Skytower
    Greetings! Last semester in college, my teacher in the Computer Languages class taught us the esoteric language named Whitespace. In the interest of learning the language better with a very busy schedule (midterms), I wrote an interpreter and assembler in Python. An assembly language was designed to facilitate writing programs easily, and a sample program was written with the given assembly mnemonics. Now that it is summer, a new project has begun with the objective being to rewrite the interpreter and assembler for Whitespace 0.3, with further developments coming afterwards. Since there is so much extra time than before to work on its design, you are presented here with an outline that provides a revised set of mnemonics for the assembly language. This post is marked as a wiki for their discussion. Have you ever had any experience with assembly languages in the past? Were there some instructions that you thought should have been renamed to something different? Did you find yourself thinking outside the box and with a different paradigm than in which the mnemonics were named? If you can answer yes to any of those questions, you are most welcome here. Subjective answers are appreciated! Stack Manipulation (IMP: [Space]) Stack manipulation is one of the more common operations, hence the shortness of the IMP [Space]. There are four stack instructions. hold N Push the number onto the stack copy Duplicate the top item on the stack copy N Copy the nth item on the stack (given by the argument) onto the top of the stack swap Swap the top two items on the stack drop Discard the top item on the stack drop N Slide n items off the stack, keeping the top item Arithmetic (IMP: [Tab][Space]) Arithmetic commands operate on the top two items on the stack, and replace them with the result of the operation. The first item pushed is considered to be left of the operator. add Addition sub Subtraction mul Multiplication div Integer Division mod Modulo Heap Access (IMP: [Tab][Tab]) Heap access commands look at the stack to find the address of items to be stored or retrieved. To store an item, push the address then the value and run the store command. To retrieve an item, push the address and run the retrieve command, which will place the value stored in the location at the top of the stack. save Store load Retrieve Flow Control (IMP: [LF]) Flow control operations are also common. Subroutines are marked by labels, as well as the targets of conditional and unconditional jumps, by which loops can be implemented. Programs must be ended by means of [LF][LF][LF] so that the interpreter can exit cleanly. L: Mark a location in the program call L Call a subroutine goto L Jump unconditionally to a label if=0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is zero if<0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is negative return End a subroutine and transfer control back to the caller halt End the program I/O (IMP: [Tab][LF]) Finally, we need to be able to interact with the user. There are IO instructions for reading and writing numbers and individual characters. With these, string manipulation routines can be written. The read instructions take the heap address in which to store the result from the top of the stack. print chr Output the character at the top of the stack print int Output the number at the top of the stack input chr Read a character and place it in the location given by the top of the stack input int Read a number and place it in the location given by the top of the stack Question: How would you redesign, rewrite, or rename the previous mnemonics and for what reasons?

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  • How to design a high-level application protocol for metadata syncing between devices and server?

    - by Jaanus
    I am looking for guidance on how to best think about designing a high-level application protocol to sync metadata between end-user devices and a server. My goal: the user can interact with the application data on any device, or on the web. The purpose of this protocol is to communicate changes made on one endpoint to other endpoints through the server, and ensure all devices maintain a consistent picture of the application data. If user makes changes on one device or on the web, the protocol will push data to the central repository, from where other devices can pull it. Some other design thoughts: I call it "metadata syncing" because the payloads will be quite small, in the form of object IDs and small metadata about those ID-s. When client endpoints retrieve new metadata over this protocol, they will fetch actual object data from an external source based on this metadata. Fetching the "real" object data is out of scope, I'm only talking about metadata syncing here. Using HTTP for transport and JSON for payload container. The question is basically about how to best design the JSON payload schema. I want this to be easy to implement and maintain on the web and across desktop and mobile devices. The best approach feels to be simple timer- or event-based HTTP request/response without any persistent channels. Also, you should not have a PhD to read it, and I want my spec to fit on 2 pages, not 200. Authentication and security are out of scope for this question: assume that the requests are secure and authenticated. The goal is eventual consistency of data on devices, it is not entirely realtime. For example, user can make changes on one device while being offline. When going online again, user would perform "sync" operation to push local changes and retrieve remote changes. Having said that, the protocol should support both of these modes of operation: Starting from scratch on a device, should be able to pull the whole metadata picture "sync as you go". When looking at the data on two devices side by side and making changes, should be easy to push those changes as short individual messages which the other device can receive near-realtime (subject to when it decides to contact server for sync). As a concrete example, you can think of Dropbox (it is not what I'm working on, but it helps to understand the model): on a range of devices, the user can manage a files and folders—move them around, create new ones, remove old ones etc. And in my context the "metadata" would be the file and folder structure, but not the actual file contents. And metadata fields would be something like file/folder name and time of modification (all devices should see the same time of modification). Another example is IMAP. I have not read the protocol, but my goals (minus actual message bodies) are the same. Feels like there are two grand approaches how this is done: transactional messages. Each change in the system is expressed as delta and endpoints communicate with those deltas. Example: DVCS changesets. REST: communicating the object graph as a whole or in part, without worrying so much about the individual atomic changes. What I would like in the answers: Is there anything important I left out above? Constraints, goals? What is some good background reading on this? (I realize this is what many computer science courses talk about at great length and detail... I am hoping to short-circuit it by looking at some crash course or nuggets.) What are some good examples of such protocols that I could model after, or even use out of box? (I mention Dropbox and IMAP above... I should probably read the IMAP RFC.)

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  • Join and sum not compatible matrices through data.table

    - by leodido
    My goal is to "sum" two not compatible matrices (matrices with different dimensions) using (and preserving) row and column names. I've figured this approach: convert the matrices to data.table objects, join them and then sum columns vectors. An example: > M1 1 3 4 5 7 8 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 > M2 1 3 4 5 8 1 0 0 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 > M1 %ms% M2 1 3 4 5 7 8 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 This is my code: M1 <- matrix(c(0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0), byrow = TRUE, ncol = 6) colnames(M1) <- c(1,3,4,5,7,8) M2 <- matrix(c(0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0), byrow = TRUE, ncol = 5) colnames(M2) <- c(1,3,4,5,8) # to data.table objects DT1 <- data.table(M1, keep.rownames = TRUE, key = "rn") DT2 <- data.table(M2, keep.rownames = TRUE, key = "rn") # join and sum of common columns if (nrow(DT1) > nrow(DT2)) { A <- DT2[DT1, roll = TRUE] A[, list(X1 = X1 + X1.1, X3 = X3 + X3.1, X4 = X4 + X4.1, X5 = X5 + X5.1, X7, X8 = X8 + X8.1), by = rn] } That outputs: rn X1 X3 X4 X5 X7 X8 1: 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 2: 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 3: 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 4: 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 5: 7 0 0 0 0 1 0 6: 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 Then I can convert back this data.table to a matrix and fix row and column names. The questions are: how to generalize this procedure? I need a way to automatically create list(X1 = X1 + X1.1, X3 = X3 + X3.1, X4 = X4 + X4.1, X5 = X5 + X5.1, X7, X8 = X8 + X8.1) because i want to apply this function to matrices which dimensions (and row/columns names) are not known in advance. In summary I need a merge procedure that behaves as described. there are other strategies/implementations that achieve the same goal that are, at the same time, faster and generalized? (hoping that some data.table monster help me) to what kind of join (inner, outer, etc. etc.) is assimilable this procedure? Thanks in advance. p.s.: I'm using data.table version 1.8.2 EDIT - SOLUTIONS @Aaron solution. No external libraries, only base R. It works also on list of matrices. add_matrices_1 <- function(...) { a <- list(...) cols <- sort(unique(unlist(lapply(a, colnames)))) rows <- sort(unique(unlist(lapply(a, rownames)))) out <- array(0, dim = c(length(rows), length(cols)), dimnames = list(rows,cols)) for (m in a) out[rownames(m), colnames(m)] <- out[rownames(m), colnames(m)] + m out } @MadScone solution. Used reshape2 package. It works only on two matrices per call. add_matrices_2 <- function(m1, m2) { m <- acast(rbind(melt(M1), melt(M2)), Var1~Var2, fun.aggregate = sum) mn <- unique(colnames(m1), colnames(m2)) rownames(m) <- mn colnames(m) <- mn m } BENCHMARK (100 runs with microbenchmark package) Unit: microseconds expr min lq median uq max 1 add_matrices_1 196.009 257.5865 282.027 291.2735 549.397 2 add_matrices_2 13737.851 14697.9790 14864.778 16285.7650 25567.448 No need to comment the benchmark: @Aaron solution wins. I'll continue to investigate a similar solution for data.table objects. I'll add other solutions eventually reported or discovered.

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  • Using GA in GUI

    - by AlexT
    Sorry if this isn't clear as I'm writing this on a mobile device and I'm trying to make it quick. I've written a basic Genetic Algorithm with a binary encoding (genes) that builds a fitness value and evolves through several iterations using tournament selection, mutation and crossover. As a basic command-line example it seems to work. The problem I've got is with applying a genetic algorithm within a GUI as I am writing a maze-solving program that uses the GA to find a method through a maze. How do I turn my random binary encoded genes and fitness function (add all the binary values together) into a method to control a bot around a maze? I have built a basic GUI in Java consisting of a maze of labels (like a grid) with the available routes being in blue and the walls being in black. To reiterate my GA performs well and contains what any typical GA would (fitness method, get and set population, selection, crossover, etc) but now I need to plug it into a GUI to get my maze running. What needs to go where in order to get a bot that can move in different directions depending on what the GA says? Rough pseudocode would be great if possible As requested, an Individual is built using a separate class (Indiv), with all the main work being done in a Pop class. When a new individual is instantiated an array of ints represent the genes of said individual, with the genes being picked at random from a number between 0 and 1. The fitness function merely adds together the value of these genes and in the Pop class handles selection, mutation and crossover of two selected individuals. There's not much else to it, the command line program just shows evolution over n generations with the total fitness improving over each iteration. EDIT: It's starting to make a bit more sense now, although there are a few things that are bugging me... As Adamski has suggested I want to create an "Agent" with the options shown below. The problem I have is where the random bit string comes into play here. The agent knows where the walls are and has it laid out in a 4 bit string (i.e. 0111), but how does this affect the random 32 bit string? (i.e. 10001011011001001010011011010101) If I have the following maze (x is the start place, 2 is the goal, 1 is the wall): x 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 If I turn left I'm facing the wrong way and the agent will move completely off the maze if it moves forward. I assume that the first generation of the string will be completely random and it will evolve as the fitness grows but I don't get how the string will work within a maze. So, to get this straight... The fitness is the result of when the agent is able to move and is by a wall. The genes are a string of 32 bits, split into 16 sets of 2 bits to show the available actions and for the robot to move the two bits need to be passed with four bits from the agent showings its position near the walls. If the move is to go past a wall the move isn't made and it is deemed invalid and if the move is made and if a new wall is found then the fitness goes up. Is that right?

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  • Java List to Excel Columns

    - by Nitin
    Correct me where I'm going wrong. I'm have written a program in Java which will get list of files from two different directories and make two (Java list) with the file names. I want to transfer the both the list (downloaded files list and Uploaded files list) to an excel. What the result i'm getting is those list are transferred row wise. I want them in column wise. Given below is the code: public class F { static List<String> downloadList = new ArrayList<>(); static List<String> dispatchList = new ArrayList<>(); public static class FileVisitor extends SimpleFileVisitor<Path> { @Override public FileVisitResult visitFile(Path file, BasicFileAttributes attrs) throws IOException { String name = file.toRealPath().getFileName().toString(); if (name.endsWith(".pdf") || name.endsWith(".zip")) { downloadList.add(name); } if (name.endsWith(".xml")) { dispatchList.add(name); } return FileVisitResult.CONTINUE; } } public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { try { Path downloadPath = Paths.get("E:\\report\\02_Download\\10252013"); Path dispatchPath = Paths.get("E:\\report\\01_Dispatch\\10252013"); FileVisitor visitor = new FileVisitor(); Files.walkFileTree(downloadPath, visitor); Files.walkFileTree(downloadPath, EnumSet.of(FileVisitOption.FOLLOW_LINKS), 1, visitor); Files.walkFileTree(dispatchPath, visitor); Files.walkFileTree(dispatchPath, EnumSet.of(FileVisitOption.FOLLOW_LINKS), 1, visitor); System.out.println("Download File List" + downloadList); System.out.println("Dispatch File List" + dispatchList); F f = new F(); f.UpDown(downloadList, dispatchList); } catch (Exception ex) { Logger.getLogger(F.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex); } } int rownum = 0; int colnum = 0; HSSFSheet firstSheet; Collection<File> files; HSSFWorkbook workbook; File exactFile; { workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); firstSheet = workbook.createSheet("10252013"); Row headerRow = firstSheet.createRow(rownum); headerRow.setHeightInPoints(40); } public void UpDown(List<String> download, List<String> upload) throws Exception { List<String> headerRow = new ArrayList<>(); headerRow.add("Downloaded"); headerRow.add("Uploaded"); List<List> recordToAdd = new ArrayList<>(); recordToAdd.add(headerRow); recordToAdd.add(download); recordToAdd.add(upload); F f = new F(); f.CreateExcelFile(recordToAdd); f.createExcelFile(); } void createExcelFile() { FileOutputStream fos = null; try { fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("E:\\report\\Download&Upload.xls")); HSSFCellStyle hsfstyle = workbook.createCellStyle(); hsfstyle.setBorderBottom((short) 1); hsfstyle.setFillBackgroundColor((short) 245); workbook.write(fos); } catch (Exception e) { } } public void CreateExcelFile(List<List> l1) throws Exception { try { for (int j = 0; j < l1.size(); j++) { Row row = firstSheet.createRow(rownum); List<String> l2 = l1.get(j); for (int k = 0; k < l2.size(); k++) { Cell cell = row.createCell(k); cell.setCellValue(l2.get(k)); } rownum++; } } catch (Exception e) { } finally { } } } (The purpose is to verify the files Downloaded and Uploaded for the given date) Thanks.

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  • How to convert an ORM to its subclass using Hibernate ?

    - by Gaaston
    Hi everybody, For example, I have two classes : Person and Employee (Employee is a subclass of Person). Person : has a lastname and a firstname. Employee : has also a salary. On the client-side, I have a single HTML form where i can fill the person informations (like lastname and firstname). I also have a "switch" between "Person" and "Employee", and if the switch is on Employee I can fill the salary field. On the server-side, Servlets receive informations from the client and use the Hibernate framework to create/update data to/from the database. The mapping i'm using is a single table for persons and employee, with a discriminator. I don't know how to convert a Person in an Employee. I firstly tried to : load the Person p from the database create an empty Employee e object copy values from p into e set the salary value save e into the database But i couldn't, as I also copy the ID, and so Hibernate told me they where two instanciated ORM with the same id. And I can't cast a Person into an Employee directly, as Person is Employee's superclass. There seems to be a dirty way : delete the person, and create an employee with the same informations, but I don't really like it.. So I'd appreciate any help on that :) Some precisions : The person class : public class Person { protected int id; protected String firstName; protected String lastName; // usual getters and setters } The employee class : public class Employee extends Person { // string for now protected String salary; // usual getters and setters } And in the servlet : // type is the "switch" if(request.getParameter("type").equals("Employee")) { Employee employee = daoPerson.getEmployee(Integer.valueOf(request.getParameter("ID"))); modifyPerson(employee, request); employee.setSalary(request.getParameter("salary")); daoPerson.save(employee ); } else { Person person = daoPerson.getPerson(Integer.valueOf(request.getParameter("ID"))); modifyPerson(employee, request); daoPerson.save(person); } And finally, the loading (in the dao) : public Contact getPerson(int ID){ Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession(); Person p = (Person) session.load(Person.class, new Integer(ID)); return p; } public Contact getEmployee(int ID){ Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession(); Employee = (Employee) session.load(Employee.class, new Integer(ID)); return p; } With this, i'm getting a ClassCastException when trying to load a Person using getEmployee. XML Hibernate mapping : <class name="domain.Person" table="PERSON" discriminator-value="P"> <id name="id" type="int"> <column name="ID" /> <generator class="native" /> </id> <discriminator column="type" type="character"/> <property name="firstName" type="java.lang.String"> <column name="FIRSTNAME" /> </property> <property name="lastName" type="java.lang.String"> <column name="LASTNAME" /> </property> <subclass name="domain.Employee" discriminator-value="E"> <property name="salary" column="SALARY" type="java.lang.String" /> </subclass> </class> Is it clear enough ? :-/

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  • Please recommend me intermediate-to-advanced Python books to buy.

    - by anonnoir
    I'm in the final year, final semester of my law degree, and will be graduating very soon. (April, to be specific.) But before I begin practice, I plan to take 2 two months off, purely for serious programming study. So I'm currently looking for some Python-related books, gauged intermediate to advanced, which are interesting (because of the subject matter itself) and possibly useful to my future line of work. I've identified 2 possible purchases at the moment: Natural Language Processing with Python. The law deals mostly with words, and I've quite a number of ideas as to where I might go with NLP. Data extraction, summaries, client management systems linked with document templates, etc. Programming Collective Intelligence. This book fascinates me, because I've always liked the idea of machine learning (and I'm currently studying it by the side too, for fun). I'd like to build/play around with Web 2.0 applications; and who knows if I can apply some of the things I learn to my legal work. (E.g. Playground experiments to determine how and under what circumstances judges might be biased, by forcing algorithms to pore through judgments and calculate similarities, etc.) Please feel free to criticize my current choices, but do at least offer or recommend other books that I should read in their place. My budget can deal with 4 books, max. These books will be used heavily throughout the 2 months; I will be reading them back to back, absorbing the explanations given, and hacking away at their code. Also, the books themselves should satisfy 2 main criteria: Application. The book must teach how to solve problems. I like reading theory, but I want to build things and solve problems first. Even playful applications are fine, because games and experiments always have real-world applications sooner or later. Readability. I like reading technical books, no matter how difficult they are. I enjoy the effort and the feeling that you're learning something. But the book shouldn't contain code or explanations that are too cryptic or erratic. Even if it's difficult, the book's content should be accessible with focused reading. Note: I realize that I am somewhat of a beginner to the whole programming thing, so please don't put me down. But from experience, I think it's better to aim up and leave my comfort zone when learning new things, rather than to just remain stagnant the way I am. (At least the difficulty gives me focus: i.e. if a programmer can be that good, perhaps if I sustain my own efforts I too can be as good as him someday.) If anything, I'm also a very determined person, so two months of day-to-night intensive programming study with nothing else on my mind should, I think, give me a bit of a fighting chance to push my programming skills to a much higher level.

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  • Having a problem inserting a foreign key data into a table using a PHP form

    - by Gideon
    I am newbee with PHP and MySQL and need help... I have two tables (Staff and Position) in the database. The Staff table (StaffId, Name, PositionID (fk)). The Position table is populated with different positions (Manager, Supervisor, and so on). The two tables are linked with a PositionID foreign key in the Staff table. I have a staff registration form with textfields asking for the relevant attributes and a dynamically populated drop down list to choose the position. I need to insert the user's entry into the staff table along with the selected position. However, when inserting the data, I get the following error (Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails). How do I insert the position selected by the user into the staff table? Here is some of my code... ... echo "<tr>"; echo "<td>"; echo "*Position:"; echo "</td>"; echo "<td>"; //dynamically populate the staff position drop down list from the position table $position="SELECT PositionId, PositionName FROM Position ORDER BY PositionId"; $exeposition = mysql_query ($position) or die (mysql_error()); echo "<select name=position value=''>Select Position</option>"; while($positionarray=mysql_fetch_array($exeposition)) { echo "<option value=$positionarray[PositionId]>$positionarray[PositionName]</option>"; } echo "</select>"; echo "</td>"; echo "</tr>" //the form is processed with the code below $FirstName = $_POST['firstname']; $LastName = $_POST['lastname']; $Address = $_POST['address']; $City = $_POST['city']; $PostCode = $_POST['postcode']; $Country = $_POST['country']; $Email = $_POST['email']; $Password = $_POST['password']; $ConfirmPass = $_POST['confirmpass']; $Mobile = $_POST['mobile']; $NI = $_POST['nationalinsurance']; $PositionId = $_POST[$positionarray['PositionId']]; //format the dob for the database $dobpart = explode("/", $_POST['dob']); $formatdob = $dobpart[2]."-".$dobpart[1]."-".$dobpart[0]; $DOB = date("Y-m-d", strtotime($formatdob)); $newReg = "INSERT INTO Staff (FirstName, LastName, Address, City, PostCode, Country, Email, Password, Mobile, DOB, NI, PositionId) VALUES ('".$FirstName."', '".$LastName."', '".$Address."', '".$City."', '".$PostCode."', '".$Country."', '".$Email."', '".$Password."', ".$Mobile.", '".$DOB."', '".$NI."', '".$PostionId."')"; Your time and help is surely appreciated.

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  • iPhone App Crashes when merging managed object contexts

    - by DVG
    Short Version: Using two managed object contexts, and while the context is saving to the store the application bombs when I attempt to merge the two contexts and reload the table view. Long Version: Okay, so my application is set up as thus. 3 view controllers, all table views. Platforms View Controller - Games View Controller (Predicated upon platform selection) - Add Game View Controller I ran into a problem when Games View Controller was bombing when adding a new entry to the context, because the fetched results contorller wanted to update the view for something that didn't match the predicate. As a solution, I rebuilt the Add Controller to use a second NSManagedObject Context, called adding context, following the design pattern in the Core Data Books example. My Games List View Controller is a delegate for the add controller, to handle all the saving, so my addButtonPressed method looks like this - (IBAction) addButtonPressed: (id) sender { AddGameTableViewController *addGameVC = [[AddGameTableViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"AddGameTableViewController" bundle:nil]; NSManagedObjectContext *aAddingContext = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init]; self.addingContext = aAddingContext; [aAddingContext release]; [addingContext setPersistentStoreCoordinator:[[gameResultsController managedObjectContext] persistentStoreCoordinator]]; addGameVC.context = addingContext; addGameVC.delegate = self; addGameVC.newGame = (Game *)[NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Game" inManagedObjectContext:addingContext]; UINavigationController *addNavCon = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:addGameVC]; [self presentModalViewController:addNavCon animated:YES]; [addGameVC release]; [addNavCon release]; } There is also a delegate method which handles the saving. This all works swimmingly. The issue is getting the table view controller in the GameListViewController to update itself. Per the example, an observer is added to watch for the second context to be saved, and then to merge the addingContext with the primary one. So I have: - (void)addViewController:(AddGameTableViewController *)controller didFinishWithSave:(BOOL)save { if (save) { NSNotificationCenter *dnc = [NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]; [dnc addObserver:self selector:@selector(addControllerContextDidSave:) name:NSManagedObjectContextDidSaveNotification object:addingContext]; //snip! Context Save Code [dnc removeObserver:self name:NSManagedObjectContextDidSaveNotification object:addingContext]; } self.addingContext = nil; [self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES]; } - (void)addControllerContextDidSave:(NSNotification*)saveNotification { NSManagedObjectContext *myContext = [gameResultsController managedObjectContext]; [myContext mergeChangesFromContextDidSaveNotification:saveNotification]; } So now, what happens is after save is pressed, the application hangs for a moment and then crashes. The save is processed, as the new game is present when I relaunch the application, and the application seems to be flowing as appropriate, but it bombs out for reasons that are beyond my understanding. NSLog of the saveNotification spits out this: NSConcreteNotification 0x3b557f0 {name = NSManagingContextDidSaveChangesNotification; object = <NSManagedObjectContext: 0x3b4bb90>; userInfo = { inserted = {( <Game: 0x3b4f510> (entity: Game; id: 0x3b614e0 <x-coredata://13168366-B8E7-41C8-B384-BAF14A5E08D9/Game/p2> ; data: { name = "Final Fantasy XIII"; platform = 0x3b66910 <x-coredata://13168366-B8E7-41C8-B384-BAF14A5E08D9/Platform/p20>; }) )}; updated = {( <Platform: 0x3b67650> (entity: Platform; id: 0x3b66910 <x-coredata://13168366-B8E7-41C8-B384-BAF14A5E08D9/Platform/p20> ; data: { games = ( 0x3b614e0 <x-coredata://13168366-B8E7-41C8-B384-BAF14A5E08D9/Game/p2>, 0x603a530 <x-coredata://13168366-B8E7-41C8-B384-BAF14A5E08D9/Game/p1> ); name = "Xbox 360"; }) )}; }} I've tried both a simple [self.tableView reloadData]; and the more complicated multi-method table updating structure in the Core Data Books example. Both produce the same result.

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  • Why does my performance slow to a crawl I move methods into a base class?

    - by Juliet
    I'm writing different implementations of immutable binary trees in C#, and I wanted my trees to inherit some common methods from a base class. However, I find. I have lots of binary tree data structures to implement, and I wanted move some common methods into in a base binary tree class. Unfortunately, classes which derive from the base class are abysmally slow. Non-derived classes perform adequately. Here are two nearly identical implementations of an AVL tree to demonstrate: AvlTree: http://pastebin.com/V4WWUAyT DerivedAvlTree: http://pastebin.com/PussQDmN The two trees have the exact same code, but I've moved the DerivedAvlTree.Insert method in base class. Here's a test app: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Linq; using Juliet.Collections.Immutable; namespace ConsoleApplication1 { class Program { const int VALUE_COUNT = 5000; static void Main(string[] args) { var avlTreeTimes = TimeIt(TestAvlTree); var derivedAvlTreeTimes = TimeIt(TestDerivedAvlTree); Console.WriteLine("avlTreeTimes: {0}, derivedAvlTreeTimes: {1}", avlTreeTimes, derivedAvlTreeTimes); } static double TimeIt(Func<int, int> f) { var seeds = new int[] { 314159265, 271828183, 231406926, 141421356, 161803399, 266514414, 15485867, 122949829, 198491329, 42 }; var times = new List<double>(); foreach (int seed in seeds) { var sw = Stopwatch.StartNew(); f(seed); sw.Stop(); times.Add(sw.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds); } // throwing away top and bottom results times.Sort(); times.RemoveAt(0); times.RemoveAt(times.Count - 1); return times.Average(); } static int TestAvlTree(int seed) { var rnd = new System.Random(seed); var avlTree = AvlTree<double>.Create((x, y) => x.CompareTo(y)); for (int i = 0; i < VALUE_COUNT; i++) { avlTree = avlTree.Insert(rnd.NextDouble()); } return avlTree.Count; } static int TestDerivedAvlTree(int seed) { var rnd = new System.Random(seed); var avlTree2 = DerivedAvlTree<double>.Create((x, y) => x.CompareTo(y)); for (int i = 0; i < VALUE_COUNT; i++) { avlTree2 = avlTree2.Insert(rnd.NextDouble()); } return avlTree2.Count; } } } AvlTree: inserts 5000 items in 121 ms DerivedAvlTree: inserts 5000 items in 2182 ms My profiler indicates that the program spends an inordinate amount of time in BaseBinaryTree.Insert. Anyone whose interested can see the EQATEC log file I've created with the code above (you'll need EQATEC profiler to make sense of file). I really want to use a common base class for all of my binary trees, but I can't do that if performance will suffer. What causes my DerivedAvlTree to perform so badly, and what can I do to fix it?

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  • iPhone multi-touch scale and rotate, how to prevent scale?

    - by russhill
    I have existing code for tracking multi-touch positions and then rotating and scaling the item - in this case an image - appropriately. The code works really well and in itself is perfect, however for this particular task, I need the rotation ONLY. I have spent time trying to work out what is going on in this routine, but maths is not my strong point so wanted to see if anyone could assist? - (CGAffineTransform)incrementalTransformWithTouches:(NSSet *)touches { NSArray *sortedTouches = [[touches allObjects] sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compareAddress:)]; NSInteger numTouches = [sortedTouches count]; // No touches if (numTouches == 0) { return CGAffineTransformIdentity; } // Single touch if (numTouches == 1) { UITouch *touch = [sortedTouches objectAtIndex:0]; CGPoint beginPoint = *(CGPoint *)CFDictionaryGetValue(touchBeginPoints, touch); CGPoint currentPoint = [touch locationInView:self.superview]; return CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(currentPoint.x - beginPoint.x, currentPoint.y - beginPoint.y); } // If two or more touches, go with the first two (sorted by address) UITouch *touch1 = [sortedTouches objectAtIndex:0]; UITouch *touch2 = [sortedTouches objectAtIndex:1]; CGPoint beginPoint1 = *(CGPoint *)CFDictionaryGetValue(touchBeginPoints, touch1); CGPoint currentPoint1 = [touch1 locationInView:self.superview]; CGPoint beginPoint2 = *(CGPoint *)CFDictionaryGetValue(touchBeginPoints, touch2); CGPoint currentPoint2 = [touch2 locationInView:self.superview]; double layerX = self.center.x; double layerY = self.center.y; double x1 = beginPoint1.x - layerX; double y1 = beginPoint1.y - layerY; double x2 = beginPoint2.x - layerX; double y2 = beginPoint2.y - layerY; double x3 = currentPoint1.x - layerX; double y3 = currentPoint1.y - layerY; double x4 = currentPoint2.x - layerX; double y4 = currentPoint2.y - layerY; // Solve the system: // [a b t1, -b a t2, 0 0 1] * [x1, y1, 1] = [x3, y3, 1] // [a b t1, -b a t2, 0 0 1] * [x2, y2, 1] = [x4, y4, 1] double D = (y1-y2)*(y1-y2) + (x1-x2)*(x1-x2); if (D < 0.1) { return CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(x3-x1, y3-y1); } double a = (y1-y2)*(y3-y4) + (x1-x2)*(x3-x4); double b = (y1-y2)*(x3-x4) - (x1-x2)*(y3-y4); double tx = (y1*x2 - x1*y2)*(y4-y3) - (x1*x2 + y1*y2)*(x3+x4) + x3*(y2*y2 + x2*x2) + x4*(y1*y1 + x1*x1); double ty = (x1*x2 + y1*y2)*(-y4-y3) + (y1*x2 - x1*y2)*(x3-x4) + y3*(y2*y2 + x2*x2) + y4*(y1*y1 + x1*x1); return CGAffineTransformMake(a/D, -b/D, b/D, a/D, tx/D, ty/D); } I have tried to read up on the way matrix's work, but cannot figure it out entirely. More likely to be the issue is the calculations, which as I mention is not my strong point. What I need from this routine is a transform that performs my rotation but ignores scale - so the distance between the 2 finger touch points is ignored and scale is not affected. I have looked at other routines on the internet to handle multi-touch rotation but all the ones I tried had issues in some way or other, whereas the above code is spot on for scale and rotate actions. Any help appreciated!

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  • Overloading '-' for array subtraction

    - by Chris Wilson
    I am attempting to subtract two int arrays, stored as class members, using an overloaded - operator, but I'm getting some peculiar output when I run tests. The overload definition is Number& Number :: operator-(const Number& NumberObject) { for (int count = 0; count < NumberSize; count ++) { Value[count] -= NumberObject.Value[count]; } return *this; } Whenever I run tests on this, NumberObject.Value[count] always seems to be returning a zero value. Can anyone see where I'm going wrong with this? The line in main() where this subtraction is being carried out is cout << "The difference is: " << ArrayOfNumbers[0] - ArrayOfNumbers[1] << endl; ArrayOfNumbers contains two Number objects. The class declaration is #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Number { private: int Value[50]; int NumberSize; public: Number(); // Default constructor Number(const Number&); // Copy constructor Number(int, int); // Non-default constructor void SetMemberValues(int, int); // Manually set member values int GetNumberSize() const; // Return NumberSize member int GetValue() const; // Return Value[] member Number& operator-=(const Number&); }; inline Number operator-(Number Lhs, const Number& Rhs); ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const Number&); The full class definition is as follows: #include <iostream> #include "../headers/number.h" using namespace std; // Default constructor Number :: Number() {} // Copy constructor Number :: Number(const Number& NumberObject) { int Temp[NumberSize]; NumberSize = NumberObject.GetNumberSize(); for (int count = 0; count < NumberObject.GetNumberSize(); count ++) { Temp[count] = Value[count] - NumberObject.GetValue(); } } // Manually set member values void Number :: SetMemberValues(int NewNumberValue, int NewNumberSize) { NumberSize = NewNumberSize; for (int count = NewNumberSize - 1; count >= 0; count --) { Value[count] = NewNumberValue % 10; NewNumberValue = NewNumberValue / 10; } } // Non-default constructor Number :: Number(int NumberValue, int NewNumberSize) { NumberSize = NewNumberSize; for (int count = NewNumberSize - 1; count >= 0; count --) { Value[count] = NumberValue % 10; NumberValue = NumberValue / 10; } } // Return the NumberSize member int Number :: GetNumberSize() const { return NumberSize; } // Return the Value[] member int Number :: GetValue() const { int ResultSoFar; for (int count2 = 0; count2 < NumberSize; count2 ++) { ResultSoFar = ResultSoFar * 10 + Value[count2]; } return ResultSoFar; } Number& operator-=(const Number& Rhs) { for (int count = 0; count < NumberSize; count ++) { Value[count] -= Rhs.Value[count]; } return *this; } inline Number operator-(Number Lhs, const Number& Rhs) { Lhs -= Rhs; return Lhs; } // Overloaded output operator ostream& operator<<(ostream& OutputStream, const Number& NumberObject) { OutputStream << NumberObject.GetValue(); return OutputStream; }

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  • set different images to uitableview cell

    - by Sudha
    I am making an app in which one of the view has a tableview. Tableview cell has two conditions. There are two images which are going to be set on uitableview cell according to the condition i.e. - (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{ NSString *que =[[userqueries objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]objectForKey:@"question"]; NSString *ans =[[userqueries objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]objectForKey:@"answer"]; static NSString *CellIdentifier = @"Cell"; UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:CellIdentifier]; if (cell == nil){ cell = [[[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleSubtitle reuseIdentifier:CellIdentifier] autorelease]; cell.imageView.image=nil; if ((que.length!=0)&&(ans.length!=0)) { UIImageView* imag = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 75)]; imag.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"ques.png"]; [cell.contentView addSubview:imag]; questext = [[UITextView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 0, 300, 35)]; questext.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor]; questext.delegate = self; questext.tag = 101; questext.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft; questext.editable = NO; questext.scrollEnabled = YES; [cell addSubview:questext]; anstext = [[UITextView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 37, 300, 35)]; anstext.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor]; anstext.delegate = self; anstext.tag = 102; anstext.scrollEnabled = YES; anstext.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft; anstext.editable = NO; [cell addSubview:anstext]; } else { UIImageView* imag = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 40)]; imag.image = [UIImage imageNamed:@"answ.png"]; [cell.contentView addSubview:imag]; onlyques = [[UITextView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 0, 300, 35)]; onlyques.backgroundColor= [UIColor clearColor]; [onlyques setScrollEnabled:YES]; onlyques.delegate = self; onlyques.tag = 103; onlyques.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft; onlyques.editable = NO; onlyques.scrollEnabled = YES; [cell addSubview:onlyques]; } } questext = (UITextView*)[cell viewWithTag:101]; questext.text = que; anstext = (UITextView*)[cell viewWithTag:102]; anstext.text = ans; onlyques = (UITextView*)[cell viewWithTag:103]; onlyques.text = que; return cell; } But image is not appearing properly. As I scroll up and down the table view ,images get changes automatically. Please look upon my code and help me in finding the error. second image is when I scroll up and down the table view and first image is in the starting. please help me. if any one knows how to load different images to uitableview cell. thanks in advance.

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  • MySQL: How do I combine a Stored procedure with another Function?

    - by Laxmidi
    Hi I need some help in combining a stored procedure with another function. I've got a stored procedure that pulls latitudes and longitudes from a database. I've got another function that checks whether a point is inside a polygon. My goal is to combine the two functions, so that I can check whether the latitude and longitude points pulled from the db are inside a specific area. This stored procedure pulls latitude and longitudes from the database based on offense: DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS latlongGrabber; DELIMITER $$ CREATE PROCEDURE latlongGrabber(IN offense_in VARCHAR(255)) BEGIN DECLARE latitude_val VARCHAR(255); DECLARE longitude_val VARCHAR(255); DECLARE no_more_rows BOOLEAN; DECLARE latlongGrabber_cur CURSOR FOR SELECT latitude, longitude FROM myTable WHERE offense = offense_in; DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET no_more_rows = TRUE; OPEN latlongGrabber_cur; the_loop: LOOP FETCH latlongGrabber_cur INTO latitude_val, longitude_val; IF no_more_rows THEN CLOSE latlongGrabber_cur; LEAVE the_loop; END IF; SELECT latitude_val, longitude_val; END LOOP the_loop; END $$ DELIMITER ; This function checks whether a point is inside a polygon. I'd like the function to test the points produced by the procedure. I can hard-code the polygon for now. (Once, I know how to combine these two functions, I'll use the same pattern to pull the polygons from the database). DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS myWithin; DELIMITER $$ CREATE FUNCTION myWithin(p POINT, poly POLYGON) RETURNS INT(1) DETERMINISTIC BEGIN DECLARE n INT DEFAULT 0; DECLARE pX DECIMAL(9,6); DECLARE pY DECIMAL(9,6); DECLARE ls LINESTRING; DECLARE poly1 POINT; DECLARE poly1X DECIMAL(9,6); DECLARE poly1Y DECIMAL(9,6); DECLARE poly2 POINT; DECLARE poly2X DECIMAL(9,6); DECLARE poly2Y DECIMAL(9,6); DECLARE i INT DEFAULT 0; DECLARE result INT(1) DEFAULT 0; SET pX = X(p); SET pY = Y(p); SET ls = ExteriorRing(poly); SET poly2 = EndPoint(ls); SET poly2X = X(poly2); SET poly2Y = Y(poly2); SET n = NumPoints(ls); WHILE i<n DO SET poly1 = PointN(ls, (i+1)); SET poly1X = X(poly1); SET poly1Y = Y(poly1); IF ( ( ( ( poly1X <= pX ) && ( pX < poly2X ) ) || ( ( poly2X <= pX ) && ( pX < poly1X ) ) ) && ( pY > ( poly2Y - poly1Y ) * ( pX - poly1X ) / ( poly2X - poly1X ) + poly1Y ) ) THEN SET result = !result; END IF; SET poly2X = poly1X; SET poly2Y = poly1Y; SET i = i + 1; END WHILE; RETURN result; End $$ DELIMITER ; This function is called as follows: SET @point = PointFromText('POINT(5 5)') ; SET @polygon = PolyFromText('POLYGON((0 0, 0 10, 10 10, 10 0, 0 0))'); SELECT myWithin(@point, @polygon) AS result I've tested the stored procedure and the function and they work well. I just have to figure out how to combine them. I'd like to call the procedure with the offense parameter and have it test all of the latitudes and longitudes pulled from the database to see whether they are inside or outside of the polygon. Any advice or suggestions? Thank you. -Laxmidi

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  • Events do not propagate from a child element?

    - by Legend
    I was playing around with the Swipe jQuery plugin on my iPod Touch and Android devices. The following works: <html> <head> <script type="text/javascript" src="lib/jquery/jquery-1.3.2.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="lib/plugins/jquery.swipe.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function() { $('body').swipe({ swipeLeft: function() { $('#container1').append("Swiped Left!"); }, swipeRight: function() { $('#container2').append("Swiped Right!");} }); }); </script> <style type="text/javascript"> body {width: 300px; height: 300px; background: #000;} </style> </head> <body> <div id="container1"> This is container one </div> <div id="container2"> This is container two </div> </body> </html> But if I have something like this: <html> <head> <script type="text/javascript" src="lib/jquery/jquery-1.3.2.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="lib/plugins/jquery.swipe.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function() { $('#wrapper').swipe({ swipeLeft: function() { $('#container1').append("Swiped Left!"); }, swipeRight: function() { $('#container2').append("Swiped Right!");} }); }); </script> <style type="text/javascript"> body {width: 300px; height: 300px; background: #000;} </style> </head> <body> <div id="wrapper"> <div id="container1"> This is container one </div> <div id="container2"> This is container two </div> </div> </body> </html> Notice the "wrapper" div around the containers. Now, when I swipe on the div element, I was expecting it to actually trigger the event. This works in iPod touch as expected but does not work on my Android device unless I randomly start swiping everywhere until I happen to swipe on that small wrapper div element itself. I am not sure how to explain this but hink of it as sending events to the wrapper div itself. Both use the WebKit engine. Can someone tell me if I am doing something wrong?

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  • Text misaligns in IE

    - by kingrichard2005
    I have a ASP.net web page I'm working with, I didn't create it myself, with the following HTML code: <DIV style="POSITION: absolute; TEXT-ALIGN: center; WIDTH: 1400px; TOP: 60px; LEFT: 125px"> <SPAN style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; FONT-SIZE: xx-large" id=labelInstructions>Some Text: <BR><BR></SPAN> <TABLE style="WIDTH: 1200px" border=1 align=center> <TBODY> <TR> <TD><LABEL style="FONT-SIZE: x-large" for=FileUpload1>ENTER Path: </LABEL><INPUT id=FileUpload1 size=70 type=file name=FileUpload1></TD> </TR> <TR> <TD><SPAN style="COLOR: red; FONT-SIZE: medium" id=fileUploadError><BR><BR></SPAN></TD> </TR> <TR> <TD> <TABLE style="WIDTH: 1200px" border=1> <TBODY> <TR> <TD style="WIDTH: 400px; FONT-SIZE: x-large" vAlign=top align=right>FILE CONTENT INSTRUCTIONS:</TD> <TD style="WIDTH: 850px; FONT-SIZE: x-large" vAlign=top align=left>INSTRUCTION 1<BR>INSTRUCTION 2<BR></TD></TR> <TR><TD></TD></TR> <TR> <TD style="WIDTH: 400px; FONT-SIZE: x-large" vAlign=top align=right>FILE CONTENT EXAMPLE:</TD> <TD style="WIDTH: 850px; FONT-SIZE: x-large" vAlign=top align=left>EXAMPLE 1<BR>EXAMPLE 2<BR><BR></TD> </TR> </TBODY> </TABLE> </TD> </TR> </TBODY> </TABLE> </DIV> When this html is displayed in IE, I notice that the alignment of the text in the cells in the inner table, i.e. the table that is in the third cell of the outer table, is distorted when zooming in and out on it. I have a fixed table setting in pixels instead of percentages, so I don't understand why this is an issue. I want the text in the cells to stay in the same position when zooming. The code must be manipulated from the code behind, so I cannot create a separate CSS file. Any help is appreciated. Here are two examples to illustrate what I'm talking about: Normal zoom at 100%: Zoom at 75%: Notice in the second image the two table cells at the bottom are slightly offset to the left. UPDATE: Yes, I understand, we will be implementing a new system in the near future. Obviously this is old and very non-standard, this was dropped in my lap when I started working with it. And we're coming up with plans for a new system to replace it, in the meantime, this is what I have to deal with.

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  • iPhone multi-touch move, scale and rotate, how to prevent scale?

    - by russhill
    I have existing code for tracking multi-touch positions and then moving, rotating and scaling the item - in this case an image - appropriately. The code works really well and in itself is perfect, however for this particular task, I need the movement and rotation ONLY. I have spent time trying to work out what is going on in this routine, but maths is not my strong point so wanted to see if anyone could assist? - (CGAffineTransform)incrementalTransformWithTouches:(NSSet *)touches { NSArray *sortedTouches = [[touches allObjects] sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compareAddress:)]; NSInteger numTouches = [sortedTouches count]; // No touches if (numTouches == 0) { return CGAffineTransformIdentity; } // Single touch if (numTouches == 1) { UITouch *touch = [sortedTouches objectAtIndex:0]; CGPoint beginPoint = *(CGPoint *)CFDictionaryGetValue(touchBeginPoints, touch); CGPoint currentPoint = [touch locationInView:self.superview]; return CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(currentPoint.x - beginPoint.x, currentPoint.y - beginPoint.y); } // If two or more touches, go with the first two (sorted by address) UITouch *touch1 = [sortedTouches objectAtIndex:0]; UITouch *touch2 = [sortedTouches objectAtIndex:1]; CGPoint beginPoint1 = *(CGPoint *)CFDictionaryGetValue(touchBeginPoints, touch1); CGPoint currentPoint1 = [touch1 locationInView:self.superview]; CGPoint beginPoint2 = *(CGPoint *)CFDictionaryGetValue(touchBeginPoints, touch2); CGPoint currentPoint2 = [touch2 locationInView:self.superview]; double layerX = self.center.x; double layerY = self.center.y; double x1 = beginPoint1.x - layerX; double y1 = beginPoint1.y - layerY; double x2 = beginPoint2.x - layerX; double y2 = beginPoint2.y - layerY; double x3 = currentPoint1.x - layerX; double y3 = currentPoint1.y - layerY; double x4 = currentPoint2.x - layerX; double y4 = currentPoint2.y - layerY; // Solve the system: // [a b t1, -b a t2, 0 0 1] * [x1, y1, 1] = [x3, y3, 1] // [a b t1, -b a t2, 0 0 1] * [x2, y2, 1] = [x4, y4, 1] double D = (y1-y2)*(y1-y2) + (x1-x2)*(x1-x2); if (D < 0.1) { return CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(x3-x1, y3-y1); } double a = (y1-y2)*(y3-y4) + (x1-x2)*(x3-x4); double b = (y1-y2)*(x3-x4) - (x1-x2)*(y3-y4); double tx = (y1*x2 - x1*y2)*(y4-y3) - (x1*x2 + y1*y2)*(x3+x4) + x3*(y2*y2 + x2*x2) + x4*(y1*y1 + x1*x1); double ty = (x1*x2 + y1*y2)*(-y4-y3) + (y1*x2 - x1*y2)*(x3-x4) + y3*(y2*y2 + x2*x2) + y4*(y1*y1 + x1*x1); return CGAffineTransformMake(a/D, -b/D, b/D, a/D, tx/D, ty/D); } I have tried to read up on the way matrix's work, but cannot figure it out entirely. More likely to be the issue is the calculations, which as I mention is not my strong point. What I need from this routine is a transform that performs my movement and rotation but ignores scale - so the distance between the 2 finger touch points is ignored and scale is not affected. I have looked at other routines on the internet to handle multi-touch rotation but all the ones I tried had issues in some way or other (smoothness, jumping when lifting fingers etc), whereas the above code is spot on for move, scale and rotate actions. Any help appreciated!

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  • Dual AJAX Requests at different times

    - by Nik
    Alright, I'm trying to make an AJAX Chat system that polls the chat database every 400ms. That part is working, the part of which isn't is the Active User List. When I try to combine the two requests, the first two requests are made, then the whole thing snowballs and the usually timed (12 second) Active User List request starts updating every 1ms and the first request NEVER happens again. Displayed is the entire AJAX code for both requests: var waittime=400;chatmsg=document.getElementById("chatmsg"); room = document.getElementById("roomid").value; chatmsg.focus() document.getElementById("chatwindow").innerHTML = "loading..."; document.getElementById("userwindow").innerHTML = "Loading User List..."; var xmlhttp = false; var xmlhttp2 = false; var xmlhttp3 = false; function ajax_read(url) { if(window.XMLHttpRequest){ xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest(); if(xmlhttp.overrideMimeType){ xmlhttp.overrideMimeType('text/xml'); } } else if(window.ActiveXObject){ try{ xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP"); } catch(e) { try{ xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } catch(e){ } } } if(!xmlhttp) { alert('Giving up :( Cannot create an XMLHTTP instance'); return false; } xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function() { if (xmlhttp.readyState==4) { document.getElementById("chatwindow").innerHTML = xmlhttp.responseText; setTimeout("ajax_read('methods.php?method=r&room=" + room +"')", waittime); } } xmlhttp.open('GET',url,true); xmlhttp.send(null); } function user_read(url) { if(window.XMLHttpRequest){ xmlhttp3=new XMLHttpRequest(); if(xmlhttp3.overrideMimeType){ xmlhttp3.overrideMimeType('text/xml'); } } else if(window.ActiveXObject){ try{ xmlhttp3=new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP"); } catch(e) { try{ xmlhttp3=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } catch(e){ } } } if(!xmlhttp3) { alert('Giving up :( Cannot create an XMLHTTP instance'); return false; } xmlhttp3.onreadystatechange = function() { if (xmlhttp3.readyState==4) { document.getElementById("userwindow").innerHTML = xmlhttp3.responseText; setTimeout("ajax_read('methods.php?method=u&room=" + room +"')", 12000); } } xmlhttp3.open('GET',url,true); xmlhttp3.send(null); } function ajax_write(url){ if(window.XMLHttpRequest){ xmlhttp2=new XMLHttpRequest(); if(xmlhttp2.overrideMimeType){ xmlhttp2.overrideMimeType('text/xml'); } } else if(window.ActiveXObject){ try{ xmlhttp2=new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP"); } catch(e) { try{ xmlhttp2=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } catch(e){ } } } if(!xmlhttp2) { alert('Giving up :( Cannot create an XMLHTTP instance'); return false; } xmlhttp2.open('GET',url,true); xmlhttp2.send(null); } function submit_msg(){ nick = document.getElementById("chatnick").value; msg = document.getElementById("chatmsg").value; document.getElementById("chatmsg").value = ""; ajax_write("methods.php?method=w&m=" + msg + "&n=" + nick + "&room=" + room + ""); } function keyup(arg1) { if (arg1 == 13) submit_msg(); } var intUpdate = setTimeout("ajax_read('methods.php')", waittime); var intUpdate = setTimeout("user_read('methods.php')", waittime);

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  • mysql_fetch_array() problem

    - by Marty
    So I have 3 DB tables that are all identical in every way (data is different) except the name of the table. I did this so I could use one piece of code with a switch like so: function disp_bestof($atts) { extract(shortcode_atts(array( 'topic' => '' ), $atts)); $connect = mysql_connect("localhost","foo","bar"); if (!$connect) { die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error()); } switch ($topic) { case "attorneys": $bestof_query = "SELECT * FROM attorneys p JOIN (awards a, categories c, awardLevels l) ON (a.id = p.id AND c.id = a.category AND l.id = a.level) ORDER BY a.category, a.level ASC"; $category_query = "SELECT * FROM categories"; $db = mysql_select_db('roanoke_BestOf_TopAttorneys'); $query = mysql_query($bestof_query); $categoryQuery = mysql_query($category_query); break; case "physicians": $bestof_query = "SELECT * FROM physicians p JOIN (awards a, categories c, awardLevels l) ON (a.id = p.id AND c.id = a.category AND l.id = a.level) ORDER BY a.category, a.level ASC"; $category_query = "SELECT * FROM categories"; $db = mysql_select_db('roanoke_BestOf_TopDocs'); $query = mysql_query($bestof_query); $categoryQuery = mysql_query($category_query); break; case "dining": $bestof_query = "SELECT * FROM restaurants p JOIN (awards a, categories c, awardLevels l) ON (a.id = p.id AND c.id = a.category AND l.id = a.level) ORDER BY a.category, a.level ASC"; $category_query = "SELECT * FROM categories"; $db = mysql_select_db('roanoke_BestOf_DiningAwards'); $query = mysql_query($bestof_query); $categoryQuery = mysql_query($category_query); break; default: $bestof_query = "switch on $best did not match required case(s)"; break; } $category = ''; while( $result = mysql_fetch_array($query) ) { if( $result['category'] != $category ) { $category = $result['category']; //echo "<div class\"category\">"; $bestof_content .= "<h2>".$category."</h2>\n"; //echo "<ul>"; Now, this whole thing works PERFECT for the first two cases, but the third one "dining" breaks with this error: Warning: mysql_fetch_assoc(): supplied argument is not a valid MySQL result resource ... on line 78 Line 78 is the while() at the bottom. I have checked and double checked and can't figure what the problem is. Here's the DB structure for 'restaurants': CREATE TABLE `restaurants` ( `id` int(10) NOT NULL auto_increment, `restaurant` varchar(255) default NULL, `address1` varchar(255) default NULL, `address2` varchar(255) default NULL, `city` varchar(255) default NULL, `state` varchar(255) default NULL, `zip` double default NULL, `phone` double default NULL, `URI` varchar(255) default NULL, `neighborhood` varchar(255) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=249 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 Does anyone see what I'm doing wrong here? I'm passing "dining" to the function and as I said before, the first two cases in the switch work fine. I'm sure it's something stupid...

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  • Java code optimization leads to numerical inaccuracies and errors

    - by rano
    I'm trying to implement a version of the Fuzzy C-Means algorithm in Java and I'm trying to do some optimization by computing just once everything that can be computed just once. This is an iterative algorithm and regarding the updating of a matrix, the clusters x pixels membership matrix U, this is the update rule I want to optimize: where the x are the element of a matrix X (pixels x features) and v belongs to the matrix V (clusters x features). And m is a parameter that ranges from 1.1 to infinity. The distance used is the euclidean norm. If I had to implement this formula in a banal way I'd do: for(int i = 0; i < X.length; i++) { int count = 0; for(int j = 0; j < V.length; j++) { double num = D[i][j]; double sumTerms = 0; for(int k = 0; k < V.length; k++) { double thisDistance = D[i][k]; sumTerms += Math.pow(num / thisDistance, (1.0 / (m - 1.0))); } U[i][j] = (float) (1f / sumTerms); } } In this way some optimization is already done, I precomputed all the possible squared distances between X and V and stored them in a matrix D but that is not enough, since I'm cycling througn the elements of V two times resulting in two nested loops. Looking at the formula the numerator of the fraction is independent of the sum so I can compute numerator and denominator independently and the denominator can be computed just once for each pixel. So I came to a solution like this: int nClusters = V.length; double exp = (1.0 / (m - 1.0)); for(int i = 0; i < X.length; i++) { int count = 0; for(int j = 0; j < nClusters; j++) { double distance = D[i][j]; double denominator = D[i][nClusters]; double numerator = Math.pow(distance, exp); U[i][j] = (float) (1f / (numerator * denominator)); } } Where I precomputed the denominator into an additional column of the matrix D while I was computing the distances: for (int i = 0; i < X.length; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < V.length; j++) { double sum = 0; for (int k = 0; k < nDims; k++) { final double d = X[i][k] - V[j][k]; sum += d * d; } D[i][j] = sum; D[i][B.length] += Math.pow(1 / D[i][j], exp); } } By doing so I encounter numerical differences between the 'banal' computation and the second one that leads to different numerical value in U (not in the first iterates but soon enough). I guess that the problem is that exponentiate very small numbers to high values (the elements of U can range from 0.0 to 1.0 and exp , for m = 1.1, is 10) leads to ver y small values, whereas by dividing the numerator and the denominator and THEN exponentiating the result seems to be better numerically. The problem is it involves much more operations. Am I doing something wrong? Is there a possible solution to get both the code optimized and numerically stable? Any suggestion or criticism will be appreciated.

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  • Not sure why I'm getting a NullPointerException when creating a Swing component

    - by Alex
    The error occurs when creating the Box object. public void drawBoard(Board board){ for(int row = 0; row < 8; row++){ for(int col = 0; col < 8; col++){ Box box = new Box(board.getSquare(col, row).getColour(), col, row); squarePanel[col][row].add(box); } } Board is given from the Game constructor here (another class): public Game() throws Throwable{ View graphics = new View(); board = new Board(); board.setDefault(); graphics.drawBoard(board); } The Board constructor looks like this: public Board(){ grid = new Square[COLUMNS][ROWS]; for(int row = 0; row < 8; row++){ for(int col = 0; col < 8; col++){ grid[col][row] = new Square(this); } } for(int row = 0; row < 8; row++){ for(int col = 0; col < 4; col++){ int odd = 2*col + 1; int even = 2*col; getSquare(odd, row).setColour(Color.BLACK); getSquare(even, row).setColour(Color.WHITE); } } } And finally the Box class: class Box extends JComponent{ Color boxColour; int col, row; public Box(Color boxColour, int col, int row){ this.boxColour = boxColour; this.col = col; this.row = row; repaint(); } public void paint(Graphics drawBox){ drawBox.setColor(boxColour); drawBox.drawRect(50*col, 50*row, 50, 50); drawBox.fillRect(50*col, 50*row, 50, 50); } } So while looping through the array, it uses the two integers as coordinates to create the Box. The coordinates are referenced and then repaint() is run. The box also gets the colour, using the two integers, from the Square in the Board class. Since the colour is already set, before the drawBoard(board) method is run, that shouldn't be a problem, right? Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException at View.drawBoard(View.java:38) at Game.<init>(Game.java:21) at Game.main(Game.java:14) The relevant part of Square import java.awt.Color; public class Square { private Piece piece; private Board board; private Color squareColour; public Square(Board board){ this.board = board; } public void setColour(Color squareColour){ this.squareColour = squareColour; } public Color getColour(){ return squareColour; }

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  • Agile: User Stories for Machine Learning Project?

    - by benjismith
    I've just finished up with a prototype implementation of a supervised learning algorithm, automatically assigning categorical tags to all the items in our company database (roughly 5 million items). The results look good, and I've been given the go-ahead to plan the production implementation project. I've done this kind of work before, so I know how the functional components of the software. I need a collection of web crawlers to fetch data. I need to extract features from the crawled documents. Those documents need to be segregated into a "training set" and a "classification set", and feature-vectors need to be extracted from each document. Those feature vectors are self-organized into clusters, and the clusters are passed through a series of rebalancing operations. Etc etc etc etc. So I put together a plan, with about 30 unique development/deployment tasks, each with time estimates. The first stage of development -- ignoring some advanced features that we'd like to have in the long-term, but aren't high enough priority to make it into the development schedule yet -- is slated for about two months worth of work. (Keep in mind that I already have a working prototype, so the final implementation is significantly simpler than if the project was starting from scratch.) My manager said the plan looked good to him, but he asked if I could reorganize the tasks into user stories, for a few reasons: (1) our project management software is totally organized around user stories; (2) all of our scheduling is based on fitting entire user stories into sprints, rather than individually scheduling tasks; (3) other teams -- like the web developers -- have made great use of agile methodologies, and they've benefited from modelling all the software features as user stories. So I created a user story at the top level of the project: As a user of the system, I want to search for items by category, so that I can easily find the most relevant items within a huge, complex database. Or maybe a better top-level story for this feature would be: As a content editor, I want to automatically create categorical designations for the items in our database, so that customers can easily find high-value data within our huge, complex database. But that's not the real problem. The tricky part, for me, is figuring out how to create subordinate user stories for the rest of the machine learning architecture. Case in point... I know that the algorithm requires two major architectural subdivisions: (A) training, and (B) classification. And I know that the training portion of the architecture requires construction of a cluster-space. All the Agile Development literature I've read seems to indicate that a user story should be the "smallest possible implementation that provides any business value". And that makes a lot of sense when designing a piece of end-user software. Start small, and then incrementally add value when users demand additional functionality. But a cluster-space, in and of itself, provides zero business value. Nor does a crawler, or a feature-extractor. There's no business value (not for the end-user, or for any of the roles internal to the company) in a partial system. A trained cluster-space is only possible with the crawler and feature extractor, and only relevant if we also develop an accompanying classifier. I suppose it would be possible to create user stories where the subordinate components of the system act as the users in the stories: As a supervised-learning cluster-space construction routine, I want to consume data from a feature extractor, so that I can exist. But that seems really weird. What benefit does it provide me as the developer (or our users, or any other stakeholders, for that matter) to model my user stories like that? Although the main story can be easily divided along architectural-component boundaries (crawler, trainer, classifier, etc), I can't think of any useful decomposition from a user's perspective. What do you guys think? How do you plan Agile user stories for sophisticated, indivisible, non-user-facing components?

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