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• nested function call faster or not ?

  - by KaluSingh Gabbar

  I have this silly argument with a friend and need a authoritative word on it. I have these two snippet and want to know which one is faster ? [A or B] (assuming that compiler does not optimize anything) [A] if ( foo () ); [B] int t = foo (); if ( t )

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• Unary NOT/Integersize of the architecture

  - by sid_com

  From "Mastering Perl/Chapter 16/Bit Operators/Unary NOT,~": The unary NOT operator (sometimes called the complement operator), ~, returns the bitwise negation, or 1's complement, of the value, based on integer size of the architecture Why does the following script output two different values? #!/usr/local/bin/perl use warnings; use 5.012; use Config; my $int_size = $Config{intsize} * 8; my $value = 0b1111_1111; my $complement = ~ $value; say length sprintf "%${int_size}b", $value; say length sprintf "%${int_size}b", $complement; Output: 32 64

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• Why don't stacks grow upwards (for security)?

  - by AshleysBrain

  This is related to the question 'Why do stacks typically grow downwards?', but more from a security point of view. I'm generally referring to x86. It strikes me as odd that the stack would grow downwards, when buffers are usually written to upwards in memory. For example a typical C++ string has its end at a higher memory address than the beginning. This means that if there's a buffer overflow you're overwriting further up the call stack, which I understand is a security risk, since it opens the possibility of changing return addresses and local variable contents. If the stack grew upwards in memory, wouldn't buffer overflows simply run in to dead memory? Would this improve security? If so, why hasn't it been done? What about x64, do those stacks grow upwards and if not why not?

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• Mips Data layout calculation

  - by Michael Z

  I am self studying computer architecture offer at Michigan university. I do not understand why the memory layout for d . Maybe I did not understanding the here well.

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• Why increased pipeline depth does not always mean increased throughput?

  - by worlds-apart89

  This is perhaps more of a discussion question, but I thought stackoverflow could be the right place to ask it. I am studying the concept of instruction pipelining. I have been taught that a pipeline's instruction throughput is increased once the number of pipeline stages is increased, but in some cases, throughput might not change. Under what conditions, does this happen? I am thinking stalling and branching could be the answer to the question, but I wonder if I am missing something crucial.

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• Fortran: output format dependent on a variable

  - by Flux Capacitor

  I would like to have a FORTRAN write statement formatted to depend on some variable. For example, I could write: write(*,'(3f15.3,3f9.2)') x,y,z,(var(i),i=1,nvari) where nvari = 3 But, what if, in some cases, I actually have 4 variables (i.e. nvari = 4) I would like to write something like this: write(*,'(3f15.3,nvari(f9.2))') x,y,z,(var(i),i=1,nvari) Now, nvari can be anything and the output will work as I like. How can I make something like this work?

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• How to get number of cores in C?

  - by Alan

  I'm writing a program in C on windows that needs to run as many threads as available cores. But I dont know how to get the number of cores. Any ideas?

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• How is external memory, internal memory, and cache organized?

  - by goldenmean

  Consider a system as follows:= A hardware board having say ARM Cortex-A8 and Neon Vector coprocessor, and Embedded Linux OS running on Cortex-A8. On this environment, if there is some application - say, a video decoder is executing - then: How is it decided that which buffers would be in external memory, which ones would be allocated in internal SRAM, etc. When one says calloc/malloc on such system/code, the pointer returned is from which memory: internal or external? Can a user make buffers to be allocated to the memories of his choice (internal/external)? In ARM architectures, there is another memory called as Tightly coupled memory (TCM). What is that and how can user enable and use it? Can I declare buffers in this memory? Do I need to see the memory map (if any) of the hardware board to understand about all these different physical memories present in a typical hardware board? How much of a role does the OS play in distinguishing these different memories? Sorry for multiple questions, but i think they all are interlinked.

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• two instances of tinymce with jquery ui causes chrome page to hang and be not responding

  - by Ahmed safan

  in the cpanel that i'm developing thre is a department for articles in arabic and english so i used two tinymce editors one for arabic and the other is for english it works as expected, but the problem is that when i'm using chrome browser the page suddenly become not responding and never come back and i need to restart it but in IE8 no problem at all. i've found in chrome task manager that the memory usage of the page is over 22 kilobyte. i'm also using jquery ui. i've tried the following 1- using jquery plugin the compressor tiny_mce_gzip.php 2- decreasing the plugins of tinymce [ispell,layers,..] what is the solution or what is the cause

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• Is recursion preferred compare to iteration in multicore era?

  - by prM

  Or say, do multicore CPUs process recursion faster than iteration? Or it simply depends on how one language runs on the machine? like c executes function calls with large cost, comparing to doing simple iterations. I had this question because one day I told one of my friend that recursion isn't any amazing magic that can speed up programs, and he told me that with multicore CPUs recursion can be faster than iteration. EDIT: If we consider the most recursion-loved situation (data structure, function call), is it even possible for recursion to be faster?

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• Using MATLAB's plotting features as an interactive part of a Fortran program

  - by ldigas

  Although many of you will have a decent idea of what I'm aiming at, just from reading the title -- allow me a simple introduction still. I have a Fortran program - it consists of a program, some internal subroutines, 7 modules with its own procedures, and ... uhmm, that's it. Without going into much detail, for I don't think it's necessary at this point, what would be the easiest way to use MATLAB's plotting features (mainly plot(x,y) with some customizations) as an interactive part of my program ? For now I'm using some of my own custom plotting routines (based on HPGL and Calcomp's routines), but just as part of an exercise on my part, I'd like to see where this could go and how would it work (is it even possible what I'm suggesting?). Also, how much effort would it take on my part ? I know this subject has been rather extensively described in many "tutorials" on the net, but for some reason I have trouble finding the really simple yet illustrative introductory ones. So if anyone can post an example or two, simple ones, I'd be really grateful. Or just take me by the hand and guide me through one working example. platform: IVF 11.something :) on Win XP SP2, Matlab 2008b

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• Is it possible to access 32-bit registers in C ?

  - by C4theWin

  Is it possible to access 32-bit registers in C ? If it is, how ? And if not, then is there any way to embed Assembly code in C ? I`m using the MinGW compiler, by the way. Thanks in advance!

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• MySQL running on an EC2 m1.small instance has high load but low memory usage, possible resolutions?

  - by Tosh

  I have a MySQL server 5.0.75 Ubuntu, on an m1.small instance running on Amazon's EC2 as part of an application. During peak usage the server load will rise very high, while the memory usage stays low and the application server is no longer responsive since it's waiting for query results. The application server has only 5-8 apache processes running (mod_perl processes). The data directory uses only 140MB of data so the MyIsam tables aren't very big. The queries are pretty complicated with some big joins being performed, and the application makes a lot of queries. mysqltuner reports everything OK except "Maximum possible memory usage: 1.7G (99% of installed RAM)" but I'm nowhere close to using that. My question is, where should I be looking to fix this? Is this something that can be tuned away, or do I just need a larger instance/server? Googling indicates either or also upgrading MySQL server. Any pointers in the right direction would be greatly appreciated, thanks! EDIT: I just discovered this in my slow queries log: # Time: 101116 11:17:00 # User@Host: user[pass] @ [host] # Query_time: 4063 Lock_time: 1035 Rows_sent: 0 Rows_examined: 19960174 SELECT * FROM contacts WHERE contacts.contact_id IN (SELECT external_id FROM contact_relations WHERE external_table = 'contacts' AND contact_id IN (SELECT contact_id FROM contacts WHERE (company_name like '%%butan%%%' OR country like '%%butan%%%' OR city like '%%butan%%%' OR email1 like '%%butan%%%') AND (company_name is not null and company_name != ''))); Which actually brings up a different but related question: If I have a contact table containing: John Smith,The Fun Factory,555-1212,[email protected] What's the best way to search for that record using "factory" as a search key? Fulltext rarely seems to find items in the middle of a word, for example "actor" should bring up "Factory"

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• How can I dual boot my iphone or ipad to run a very simple custom os?

  - by Jim98

  I am an experienced C/C++ programmer and have worked with assembly and many other programing language and I want to start a project as a learning process. I want to try and run a simple custom os on the iphone or ipad. What knowledge would I need to do this, and how does the iphone or ipad bootloader load the os and how could I modify it to load a custom os? Im not really sure what to ask here so I really just need to get as much information as possible so I could ask some more informed questions to get my project started Thanks

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• What are good/great books on Logic Design ?

  - by mudge

  I want a couple good books that cover the subject of logic design, making computer circuits. There seems to be a lot of expensive books on logic design but it is unclear which ones are good.

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• Simple way to print value of a register in x86 assembly.

  - by Bob

  I need to write a program in 8086 Assembly that receives data from the user, does some mathematical calculations and prints the answer on the screen, I have written all parts of the program and all work fine but I don't know how to print the number to the screen. At the end of all my calculation the answer is AX and it is treated as an unsigned 16 bit integer. How do I print the decimal (unsigned) value of the AX register?

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• What's the purpose of the rotate instructions (ROL, RCL on x86) ?

  - by lgratian

  I always wondered what's the purpose of the rotate instructions some CPUs have (ROL, RCL on x86, for example). What kind of software makes use of these instructions? I first thought they may be used for encryption/computing hash codes, but these libraries are written usually in C, which doesn't have operators that map to these instructions. Has anybody found an use for them? Why where they added to the instructions set?

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• Grep without storing search to the "/ register in Vim

  - by Phro

  In my .vimrc I have a mapping that makes a line of text 'title capitalized': noremap <Leader>at :s/\v<(.)(\w{2,})/\u\1\L\2/g<CR> However, whenever I run this function, it highlights every word that is at least three characters long in my entire document. Of course I could get this behaviour to stop simply by appending :nohlsearch<CR> to the end of the mapping, but this is more of an awkward hack that still avoids a bigger problem: The last search has been replaced by \v<(.)(\w{2,}). Is there any way to use the search commands in Vim without storing the last search in the "/ register; a 'silent' search of sorts? That way, after running this title-making command, I can still use my previous search to navigate the document using n, N, etc. Edit Using @brettanomyces' answer, I found that simply setting the mapping: noremap <Leader>at :call setline(line('.'),substitute(getline('.'), '\v<(.)(\w{2,})', '\u\1\L\2', 'g'))<CR> will successfully perform the substitution without storing the searched text into the / register.

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• Porting 32 bit C++ code to 64 bit - is it worth it? Why?

  - by NTDLS

  I am aware of some the obvious gains of the x64 architecture (higher addressable RAM addresses, ect)... but: What if my program has no real need to run in native 64 bit mode. Should I port it anyway? Are there any foreseeable deadlines for ending 32 bit support? Would my application run faster / better / more secure as native x64 code?

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• Why is MySQL making the CPU run at about 80%?

  - by Robert

  MySQL is eating up about 80% of my CPU for no reason as far as I can see. Right now this server is rarely used, more of a test site I set up that will eventually be a used for production once I fix small problems like this. I run 3 instances of MySQL but it seems that my first instance is taking up all the CPU. When I turn off the first instance and leave the other two on everything runs fine. Any suggestions? I tried Show Processlist and no statements are being run besides "Sleep" and the query "Show Processlist" (obviously) at the time it's using up all this CPU. my.cnf is basic. I did not optimize or change any MySQL settings. Do you think this would cause such strange behavior? The machine is running Linux Centos 5.7 64 bit and MySQL 5.0.95. Thanks

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• How can I know I'm buying a heatsink that will work with my CPU?

  - by Mike Peshka

  Recently I've been using my CPU a lot more for gaming, and as of two days ago, my computer had just been shutting off suddenly with no warning. I'm inclined to believe I need a new heatsink and cooling fan system. (Correct me if I am wrong.) Now I went around to BestBuy and Staples to purchase a new one, but both places instructed me to look online. Now I am posed with a problem. I don't know how to shop for one online because I want to make sure it will work with my unit. My CPU is a Pentium® Dual-Core CPU E2210 @ 2. 20GHz

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• How do I lower idle cpu usage in ubuntu linux? Gnome or KDE Variants

  - by Jasen

  My question comes from a kde desktop currently, but it also happens with the gnome instance. When just sitting there, with only the cpu monitor widget running. no open windows, no background processes other than the desktop, my cpu is at ~20%. I wanna know how to fix this, and possibly get better performance out of it. When running my windows side, the cpu will sit at zero, and i generally load new programs about 400ms faster. With windows 7 being as slow as it is, this is not acceptable. and the widget is only set to check every 500ms, so im almost completely sure its not the widget. My system is a Gateway nv 53 amd 2.0 ghz turion with 4 gb of installed ram, and 500 gb hd. both linux and windows are 64 bit. average ram use on either system is about 1.4 gb for just the os

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• Is there a difference in page fault rates between CPU bound and I/O bound processes?

  - by user198864

  I was thinking, should there be any difference in expectation of the page fault rate on CPU-bound vs I/O bound processes? At first I thought maybe we could, since CPU-bound processes would likely be using more memory accesses per time quantum, so I expect it would move from locality to locality faster. At the same time, the CPU-bound process is probably given a larger working set... but this doesn't affect the fault overhead as it hits a new locality IF this wasn't pre-paged in. Is there actually any real difference in the page fault rates or am I just musing about something nonexistent? And if there is, how would it impact a real-world OS like linux?

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• For web development which is more important - CPU and Graphics card OR Ram and SSD Harddrive?

  - by adam

  Buying a laptop is always hard work and questions about specific models dont age well on forums. A popular dilema (especially with apple macbooks) is whether to spend more for a faster cpu and graphics card but settle for standard ram and hd OR drop down and spend the savings on more ram and a faster harddrive such as a ssd. Im wondering for web development i.e. ide, unit tests, photoshop work and some user testing screen capturing now and again what would provide better performance. ( No games, music production or spielberg standard video editing.) For examples sake the current apple lineup for their 15inch macbookpros. 2.66 cpu i7 4gb ram 5400rpm drive 4gig ram vs 2.4 cpu i5 8gb ram 124gb sdd roughly the same price.

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• perfmon.exe itself taking 52.71% of cpu on windows 7 after chrome dies?

  - by jamesmoorecode

  On my Windows 7 machine (build 7100, x64, Dell XPS M1710 laptop), I'm getting horrible performance after chrome crashes. I kill the chrome process from the Resource Monitor, but after that perfmon.exe itself is shown as taking about 50% of the cpu (52.31% right now). Quitting Performance Monitor, then starting it again, shows perfmon starting out with a reasonable CPU, but it quickly (ten seconds) shoots right back up. Suggestions? So far a reboot seems to be the only way to solve the problem. I'm assuming that the perfmon issue is just a symptom of the real problem. (Update, much later: this never got resolved. I'm not seeing the problem in the RTM Win7 + latest Chrome. Yes, it was a core 2 duo, so presumably Chrome was running full blast on one cpu.)

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