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• realtime logging

  - by Ion Todirel

  I have an application which has a loop, part of a "Scheduler", which runs at all time and is the heart of the application. Pretty much like a game loop, just that my application is a WPF application and it's not a game. Naturally the application does logging at many points, but the Scheduler does some sensitive monitoring, and sometimes it's impossible just from the logs to tell what may have gotten wrong (and by wrong I don't mean exceptions) or the current status. Because Scheduler's inner loop runs at short intervals, you can't do file I/O-based logging (or using the Event Viewer) in there. First, you need to watch it in real-time, and secondly the log file would grow in size very fast. So I was thinking of ways to show this data to the user in the realtime, some things I considered: Display the data in realtime in the UI Use AllocConsole/WriteConsole to display this information in a console Use a different console application which would display this information, communicate between the Scheduler and the console app using pipes or other IPC techniques Use Windows' Performance Monitor and somehow feed it with this information ETW Displaying in the UI would have its issues. First it doesn't integrate with the UI I had in mind for my application, and I don't want to complicate the UI just for this. This diagnostics would only happen rarely. Secondly, there is going to be some non-trivial data protection, as the Scheduler has it's own thread. A separate console window would work probably, but I'm still worried if it's not too much threshold. Allocating my own console, as this is a windows app, would probably be better than a different console application (3), as I don't need to worry about IPC communication, and non-blocking communication. However a user could close the console I allocated, and it would be problematic in that case. With a separate process you don't have to worry about it. Assuming there is an API for Performance Monitor, it wouldn't be integrated too well with my app or apparent to the users. Using ETW also doesn't solve anything, just a random idea, I still need to display this information somehow. What others think, would there be other ways I missed?

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• Tactics for using PHP in a high-load site

  - by Ross

  Before you answer this I have never developed anything popular enough to attain high server loads. Treat me as (sigh) an alien that has just landed on the planet, albeit one that knows PHP and a few optimisation techniques. I'm developing a tool in PHP that could attain quite a lot of users, if it works out right. However while I'm fully capable of developing the program I'm pretty much clueless when it comes to making something that can deal with huge traffic. So here's a few questions on it (feel free to turn this question into a resource thread as well). Databases At the moment I plan to use the MySQLi features in PHP5. However how should I setup the databases in relation to users and content? Do I actually need multiple databases? At the moment everything's jumbled into one database - although I've been considering spreading user data to one, actual content to another and finally core site content (template masters etc.) to another. My reasoning behind this is that sending queries to different databases will ease up the load on them as one database = 3 load sources. Also would this still be effective if they were all on the same server? Caching I have a template system that is used to build the pages and swap out variables. Master templates are stored in the database and each time a template is called it's cached copy (a html document) is called. At the moment I have two types of variable in these templates - a static var and a dynamic var. Static vars are usually things like page names, the name of the site - things that don't change often; dynamic vars are things that change on each page load. My question on this: Say I have comments on different articles. Which is a better solution: store the simple comment template and render comments (from a DB call) each time the page is loaded or store a cached copy of the comments page as a html page - each time a comment is added/edited/deleted the page is recached. Finally Does anyone have any tips/pointers for running a high load site on PHP. I'm pretty sure it's a workable language to use - Facebook and Yahoo! give it great precedence - but are there any experiences I should watch out for? Thanks, Ross

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• Event taps: Varying results with CGEventPost, kCGSessionEventTap, kCGAnnotatedSessionEventTap, CGEve

  - by kevingessner

  I'm running into a thorny problem with posting an event from an event tap. I'm tapping for NSSystemDefined at kCGHIDEventTap, then replacing the event with a new one. The problem I'm running in to is that depending on how I post the event, it's being seen only by some applications. My test applications are Opera, Firefox, Quicksilver, and Xcode. Here are the different techniques I've tried within my event tap callback, with results. I'm expecting an action (the "correct response") from each app; "system beep" means the nothing-is-bound-to-that-key system sound. Create a new event, and return it from the callback. Opera: no response/system beep, Firefox: no response/system beep, Quicksilver: correct response, Xcode: no response/system beep Create a new event, post to kCGSessionEventTap with CGEventPost, return null. Opera: no response/system beep, Firefox: no response/system beep, Quicksilver: correct response, Xcode: no response/system beep Create a new event, post to kCGAnnotatedSessionEventTap with CGEventPost, return null. Opera: correct response, Firefox: correct response, Quicksilver: no response/system beep, Xcode: no response/system beep Create a new event, post with CGEventTapPostEvent, return null. Opera: no response/system beep, Firefox: no response/system beep, Quicksilver: correct response, Xcode: no response/system beep Create a new event, post to kCGSessionEventTap with CGEventPost, and return new event. Opera: no response/system beep, Firefox: no response/system beep, Quicksilver: correct response, Xcode: no response/system beep Create a new event, post to kCGAnnotatedSessionEventTap with CGEventPost, and return new event. Opera: correct response and system beep, Firefox: correct response and system beep, Quicksilver: correct response and system beep, Xcode: no response/double system beep Create a new event, post with CGEventTapPostEvent, and return new event. Opera: no response/system beep, Firefox: no response/system beep, Quicksilver: correct response, Xcode: no response/system beep (6) is the best, but users are complaining about the extra system beep on correct responses, which I'm guessing is coming from the double-posting of the event. I'm not sure of other combinations to try, or where else to look. Can anyone offer any guidance? Is there any way to get the results of both returning the event from my callback and posting to the annotated tap without doing both? Sorry for the lengthy question; I've been doing a lot of experimenting. Thanks in advance Update: this is the code I use to create the event tap: CFMachPortRef eventTap; eventTap = CGEventTapCreate(kCGHIDEventTap, kCGHeadInsertEventTap, 0,CGEventMaskBit(NX_SYSDEFINED) | (1 << kCGEventKeyDown) | (1 << kCGEventKeyUp), myCGEventCallback, (void *)hidEventQueue);

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• What Is The Best Database For Delphi Desktop Applications That Supports Stored Procedures?

  - by Cape Cod Gunny

  I started with Turbo Pascal 3, went to TP5, Bought TP6 called Borland the next day and downgraded to TP5.5. Bought Delphi 3, and now have Delphi 5 Enterprise. I sort of lost interest in writing code about 4-5 years ago for two reasons; Spent all day writing ASP & SQL for someone else. PC Techniques magazine went away. I've got a few programs in the shareware market that are solid performers but are in need of serious updating. I love Delphi or did when it was Borland (before Borland bought DBase and all the other crap), I'd like to salvage as much of my D5E code as possible but I doubt I can. I plan on upgrading to Delphi 2010. My next software release needs to interact with a database. I'm very proficient with MS Sql and like to put all of the database code in stored procedures. What is the best database choice that interacts well with Delphi, allows stored procedures and is so easy to deploy that even the Geico gecko could deploy it? 10/25/2009 18:53 PM EST Re-Opened After Reading Install Docs for Delphi 2010 I downloaded a trial version of Delphi 2010 and unzipped the install. I've been reading the install docs included in the package. I started with the install.htm inside the zip package. install.htm wisely tells you to see the following two articles: Installation Notes: http://edn.embarcadero.com/article/39754 Release Notes: http://edn.embarcadero.com/article/39758 the release notes state the following... MSSQL driver requires the installation of the SQL Native Client. SQL Native Client 2008 is required for dbxmss.dll. SQL Native Client 2005 is required for dbxmss9.dll I checked my machine to see if SQL Native Client is installed. Nope. I wasn't done reading the docs so I made a note to install SQL Native Client. I googled dbxmss.dll and dbxmss9.dll and found a very interesting thread on the Embarcadero forums. read thread here. After reading this thread and some careful thought I don't think I will be using Microsoft SQL Express. I can't rely on my customers having the right drivers installed. So, I'm back to looking for a different solution. If I'm selling a $40 product to the general masses I need to have a bulletproof solution that doesn't require my brand new customer to update their machine before my software will work.

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• Any one like me who still believes in AspNet Web forms? Or has evryone switched to MVC

  - by The_AlienCoder

  After years mastering Aspnet webforms I recently decided to try out ASpnet MVC. Naturally my first action was to google 'Aspnet webforms vs Aspnet MVC'. I hoped to get an honest comparison of the two development techniques and guidelines on when to use which one. ..But I was completely turned off by the MVC proponents. In almost every post on the net comparing the two 'platforms' the MVC camp is simply bashing webform developers like me. They go on and on about how wrong and stupid using webforms is. As if what we have been doing the past decade has been pointless - all those websites built(& still running), all those clever controls, the mighty gridview..ALL POINTLESS ! Karl Seguin especially with his stupid webforms rant really turned me off. If his intention was to convert people like me he did the oposite and made me defensive. If anything I am now convinced that the webforms approach is better. consider the following All the critical shortcomings of aspnet webforms have now been Addressed in visual studio 2010 with Aspnet 4.0.- Cleaner html, cleaner control IDs, friendly urls, leaner viewstate etc Why would any one want to implement the mighty gridview and other wonderful controls from scratch ? In MVC you have to do this yourself because ABSTRACTION IS PLAIN STUPID- Instead of writing loops why not just code using 1s and 0s then? A stateless web is a WEAKNESS so why would anyone want to get rid of viewstate? Everyone would like a better implementation but getting rid of it is a step backwards not forward. Unit testing is great but not a critical requirement for most web projects. I thought inline codes were dead with asp. But now they are back and fashionable - Thanks to MVC. I dont know about you people but codebehind was REVOLUTIONARY. Ive had the Ajax Update panel do so many wonderful things without writing a line of code so why demonise it? Ive succesfully implemented a chat client, IM client and Status bar using nothing but the update panel and script manager.Ofcourse you cant use it for everything but most of the time its appropriate. And finally the last word from JQUERY - 'Write less do more !' - That's what webforms is all about ! So Am I the only who still believes in webforms(and it getting better as Aspnet 4.0 has shown) or will it be dead and gone a few years from now like asp? I mean if inline coding is 'the future' why not just switch to PHP !

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• realtime diagnostics

  - by Ion Todirel

  I have an application which has a loop, part of a "Scheduler", which runs at all time and is the heart of the application. Pretty much like a game loop, just that my application is a WPF application and it's not a game. Naturally the application does logging at many points, but the Scheduler does some sensitive monitoring, and sometimes it's impossible just from the logs to tell what may have gotten wrong (and by wrong I don't mean exceptions) or the current status. Because Scheduler's inner loop runs at short intervals, you can't do file I/O-based logging (or using the Event Viewer) in there. First, you need to watch it in real-time, and secondly the log file would grow in size very fast. So I was thinking of ways to show this data to the user in the realtime, some things I considered: Display the data in realtime in the UI Use AllocConsole/WriteConsole to display this information in a console Use a different console application which would display this information, communicate between the Scheduler and the console app using pipes or other IPC techniques Use Windows' Performance Monitor and somehow feed it with this information ETW Displaying in the UI would have its issues. First it doesn't integrate with the UI I had in mind for my application, and I don't want to complicate the UI just for this. This diagnostics would only happen rarely. Secondly, there is going to be some non-trivial data protection, as the Scheduler has it's own thread. A separate console window would work probably, but I'm still worried if it's not too much threshold. Allocating my own console, as this is a windows app, would probably be better than a different console application (3), as I don't need to worry about IPC communication, and non-blocking communication. However a user could close the console I allocated, and it would be problematic in that case. With a separate process you don't have to worry about it. Assuming there is an API for Performance Monitor, it wouldn't be integrated too well with my app or apparent to the users. Using ETW also doesn't solve anything, just a random idea, I still need to display this information somehow. What others think, would there be other ways I missed?

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• Problem storing text to a String[] and then storing the array to a Vector.

  - by hatboysam

  OK so for background I've only been using Java for a little more than a week and I am making a basic GUI "Recipe Book" application just to test out some of the techniques I've learned. Currently I'm working on the "Add New Recipe" page that allows the user to make a new recipe by adding ingredients one at a time. The ingredients have 3 attributes: Name, amount, and unit (like cups, oz, etc) that come from two text fields and a combo box respectively. The 3 values are stores as strings to a String array that represents the ingredient, then the arrays are stored in a vector that holds all of the ingredients for one recipe. When an ingredient is added, the user first types in the 3 necessary values into empty boxes/combo box dropdown and then clicks "Add Ingredient". Here is my code for when the button is clicked: public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) { Object source = event.getSource(); if (source == addIngredientButton) { //make sure 3 ingredient fields are not blank if (!ingredientNameField.getText().equals("") && !ingredientAmountField.getText().equals("") && !ingredientUnitDropdown.getSelectedItem().equals("")) { tempIngredientsArray[0] = ingredientNameField.getText(); //set ingredient name to first position in array tempIngredientsArray[1] = ingredientAmountField.getText(); //set ingredient amount to second position in array tempIngredientsArray[2] = (String) ingredientUnitDropdown.getSelectedItem(); //set ingredient unit to third position in array int ingredientsVectorSize = tempRecipe.ingredientsVector.size(); tempRecipe.ingredientsVector.add(this.tempIngredientsArray); //why would it matter if this and previous statement were switched for (int k = 0; k < ingredientsVectorSize + 1; k++ ) { liveIngredientsListArea.append("\n" + tempRecipe.makeIngredientSentence(k)); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(tempIngredientsArray)); //shows that tempIngredientsArray gets messed up each time } } Now here's the really strange problem I've been having. The first time the user adds an ingredient everything works fine. The second time, the String[] for that ingredient seems to be duplicated, and the third time it's triplicated. Aka the first time it runs the System.out.println might return "{Sugar, 3, Cups}" and the second time it will return "{Flour, 2, Oz.} {Flour, 2, Oz.}" etc. What's causing this strange problem? All help greatly appreciated, let me know if you need any clarification.

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• How to program a real-time accurate audio sequencer on the iphone?

  - by Walchy

  Hi... I want to program a simple audio sequencer on the iphone but I can't get accurate timing. The last days I tried all possible audio techniques on the iphone, starting from AudioServicesPlaySystemSound and AVAudioPlayer and OpenAL to AudioQueues. In my last attempt I tried the CocosDenshion sound engine which uses openAL and allows to load sounds into multiple buffers and then play them whenever needed. Here is the basic code: init: int channelGroups[1]; channelGroups[0] = 8; soundEngine = [[CDSoundEngine alloc] init:channelGroups channelGroupTotal:1]; int i=0; for(NSString *soundName in [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"base1", @"snare1", @"hihat1", @"dit", @"snare", nil]) { [soundEngine loadBuffer:i fileName:soundName fileType:@"wav"]; i++; } [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.14 target:self selector:@selector(drumLoop:) userInfo:nil repeats:YES]; In the initialisation I create the sound engine, load some sounds to different buffers and then establish the sequencer loop with NSTimer. audio loop: - (void)drumLoop:(NSTimer *)timer { for(int track=0; track<4; track++) { unsigned char note=pattern[track][step]; if(note) [soundEngine playSound:note-1 channelGroupId:0 pitch:1.0f pan:.5 gain:1.0 loop:NO]; } if(++step>=16) step=0; } Thats it and it works as it should BUT the timing is shaky and instable. As soon as something else happens (i.g. drawing in a view) it goes out of sync. As I understand the sound engine and openAL the buffers are loaded (in the init code) and then are ready to start immediately with alSourcePlay(source); - so the problem may be with NSTimer? Now there are dozens of sound sequencer apps in the appstore and they have accurate timing. I.g. "idrum" has a perfect stable beat even in 180 bpm when zooming and drawing is done. So there must be a solution. Does anybody has any idea? Thanks for any help in advance! Best regards, Walchy

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• Best Practice: Legitimate Cross-Site Scripting

  - by Ryan

  While cross-site scripting is generally regarded as negative, I've run into several situations where it's necessary. I was recently working within the confines of a very limiting content management system. I needed to include database code within the page, but the hosting server didn't have anything usable available. I set up a couple barebones scripts on my own server, originally thinking that I could use AJAX to import the contents of my scripts directly into the template of the CMS (thus retaining dynamic images, menu items, CSS, etc.). I was wrong. Due to the limitations of XMLHttpRequest objects, it's not possible to grab content from a different domain. So I thought "iFrame" - even though I'm not a fan of frames, I thought that I could create a frame that matched the width and height of the content, so that it would appear native. Again, I was blocked by cross-site scripting "protections." While I could indeed load a remote file into the iFrame, I couldn't execute JavaScript to modify its size on either the host page or inside the loaded page. In this particular scenario, I wasn't able to point a subdomain to my server. I also couldn't create a script on the CMS server that could proxy content from my server, so my last thought was to use a remote JavaScript. A remote JavaScript works. It breaks when the user has JavaScript disabled, which is a downside; but it works. The "problem" I was having with using a remote JavaScript was that I had to use the JS function document.write() to output any content. Any output that isn't JS causes script errors. In addition to using document.write() for every line, you also have to ensure that the content is escaped - or else you end up with more script errors. My solution was as follows: My script received a GET parameter ("page") and then looked for the file ({$page}.php), and read the contents into a variable. However, I had to use awkward buffering techniques in order to actually execute the included scripts (for things like database interaction) then strip the final content of all line break characters ("\n") followed by escaping all required characters. The end result is that my original script (which outputs JavaScript) accesses seemingly "standard" scripts on my server and converts their standard output to JavaScript for displaying within the CMS template. While this solution works, it seems like there may be a better way to accomplish the same thing. What is the best way to make cross-site scripting work specifically for the purpose of including content from a completely different domain?

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• jQuery nested sortables jumpy behaviour

  - by sebbie

  I want to allow user to drag and drop UI elements. I've 'container' and 'control', control may be in container, containers may include other containers (this is important requirement). I created simple prototype using jQuery. HTML: <div class="one"> <div class="control">Control 1</div> <div class="control">Control 2</div> <div class="control container"> Container drag area <div class="control">Subcontrol 1</div> <div class="control">Subcontrol 2</div> <div class="control">Subcontrol 3</div> <div class="control">Subcontrol 4</div> <div class="control">Subcontrol 5</div> <div class="control">Subcontrol 6</div> <div class="control">Subcontrol 7</div> <div class="control">Subcontrol 8</div> <div class="control">Subcontrol 9</div> </div> <div class="control">Control 3</div> Then I created sortables using jQueryUI: $('.one').sortable({ items: 'div.control', placeholder: 'placeholder', forcePlaceholderSize: true }); Now when I'm trying to drag "Subcontrol 8" and place it between "Subcontrol 2" and "Subcontrol 3" for example I'm getting jumpy effect, you can observe it here: http://jsbin.com/egipu4/2 Interesting thing is - when I remove ability to drag "container" then it becomes smooth and perfect (you can see this on jsbin example below "jumpy" example, you can't drag using "Container drag area" span). I tried different "nested" plugins and techniques, google'd for a long time and the only one that worked was on this page: (StackOverflow doesn't allow me to post more than one like, google for "Brian Swartzfager's Blog: Nested List Sort Demo" should be first, sorry!) But it does work great only in jQuery1.2 and very old jQueryUI. If I include latest jQuery (1.3/1.4) and UI (1.7/1.8) it gets jumpy as well. What am I doing wrong?

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• .NET JIT Code Cache leaking?

  - by pitchfork

  We have a server component written in .Net 3.5. It runs as service on a Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition. It works great but after some time (days) we notice massive slowdowns and an increased working set. We expected some kind of memory leak and used WinDBG/SOS to analyze dumps of the process. Unfortunately the GC Heap doesn’t show any leak but we noticed that the JIT code heap has grown from 8MB after the start to more than 1GB after a few days. We don’t use any dynamic code generation techniques by our own. We use Linq2SQL which is known for dynamic code generation but we don’t know if it can cause such a problem. The main question is if there is any technique to analyze the dump and check where all this Host Code Heap blocks that are shown in the WinDBG dumps come from? [Update] In the mean time we did some more analysis and had Linq2SQL as probable suspect, especially since we do not use precompiled queries. The following example program creates exactly the same behaviour where more and more Host Code Heap blocks are created over time. using System; using System.Linq; using System.Threading; namespace LinqStressTest { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++ i) ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(Worker); while(runs < 1000000) { Thread.Sleep(5000); } } static void Worker(object state) { for (int i = 0; i < 50; ++i) { using (var ctx = new DataClasses1DataContext()) { long id = rnd.Next(); var x = ctx.AccountNucleusInfos.Where(an => an.Account.SimPlayers.First().Id == id).SingleOrDefault(); } } var localruns = Interlocked.Add(ref runs, 1); System.Console.WriteLine("Action: " + localruns); ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(Worker); } static Random rnd = new Random(); static long runs = 0; } } When we replace the Linq query with a precompiled one, the problem seems to disappear.

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• Java - strange problem storing text to a String[] and then storing the array to a Vector. Help plea

  - by hatboysam

  OK so for background I've only been using Java for a little more than a week and I am making a basic GUI "Recipe Book" application just to test out some of the techniques I've learned. Currently I'm working on the "Add New Recipe" page that allows the user to make a new recipe by adding ingredients one at a time. The ingredients have 3 attributes: Name, amount, and unit (like cups, oz, etc) that come from two text fields and a combo box respectively. The 3 values are stores as strings to a String array that represents the ingredient, then the arrays are stored in a vector that holds all of the ingredients for one recipe. When an ingredient is added, the user first types in the 3 necessary values into empty boxes/combo box dropdown and then clicks "Add Ingredient". Here is my code for when the button is clicked: public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) { Object source = event.getSource(); if (source == addIngredientButton) { //make sure 3 ingredient fields are not blank if (!ingredientNameField.getText().equals("") && !ingredientAmountField.getText().equals("") && !ingredientUnitDropdown.getSelectedItem().equals("")) { tempIngredientsArray[0] = ingredientNameField.getText(); //set ingredient name to first position in array tempIngredientsArray[1] = ingredientAmountField.getText(); //set ingredient amount to second position in array tempIngredientsArray[2] = (String) ingredientUnitDropdown.getSelectedItem(); //set ingredient unit to third position in array int ingredientsVectorSize = tempRecipe.ingredientsVector.size(); tempRecipe.ingredientsVector.add(this.tempIngredientsArray); //why would it matter if this and previous statement were switched for (int k = 0; k < ingredientsVectorSize + 1; k++ ) { liveIngredientsListArea.append("\n" + tempRecipe.makeIngredientSentence(k)); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(tempIngredientsArray)); //shows that tempIngredientsArray gets messed up each time } } Now here's the really strange problem I've been having. The first time the user adds an ingredient everything works fine. The second time, the String[] for that ingredient seems to be duplicated, and the third time it's triplicated. Aka the first time it runs the System.out.println might return "{Sugar, 3, Cups}" and the second time it will return "{Flour, 2, Oz.} {Flour, 2, Oz.}" etc. What's causing this strange problem? All help greatly appreciated, let me know if you need any clarification.

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• Consolidating coding styles: Funcs, private method, single method classes

  - by jdoig

  Hi all, We currently have 3 devs with, some, conflicting styles and I'm looking for a way to bring peace to the kingdom... The Coders: Foo 1: Likes to use Func's & Action's inside public methods. He uses actions to alias off lengthy method calls and Func's to perform simple tasks that can be expressed in 1 or 2 lines and will be used frequently through out the code Pros: The main body of his code is succinct and very readable, often with only one or 2 public methods per class and rarely any private methods. Cons: The start of methods contain blocks of lambda rich code that other developers don't enjoy reading; and, on occasion, can contain higher order functions that other dev's REALLY don't like reading. Foo 2: Likes to create a private method for (almost) everything the public method will have to do . Pros: Public methods remain small and readable (to all developers). Cons: Private methods are numerous. With private methods that call into other private methods, that call into... etc, etc. Making code hard to navigate. Foo 3: Likes to create a public class with a, single, public method for every, non-trivial, task that needs performing, then dependency inject them into other objects. Pros: Easily testable, easy to understand (one object, one responsibility). Cons: project gets littered by classes, opening multiple class files to understand what code does makes navigation awkward. It would be great to take the best of all these techniques... Foo-1 Has really nice, readable (almost dsl-like) code... for the most part, except for all the Action and Func lambda shenanigans bulked together at the start of a method. Foo-3 Has highly testable and extensible code that just feels a bit "belt-&-braces" for some solutions and has some code-navigation niggles (constantly hitting F12 in VS and opening 5 other .cs files to find out what a single method does). And Foo-2... Well I'm not sure I like anything about the one-huge .cs file with 2 public methods and 12 private ones, except for the fact it's easier for juniors to dig into. I admit I grossly over-simplified the explanations of those coding styles; but if any one knows of any patterns, practices or diplomatic-manoeuvres that can help unite our three developers (without just telling any of them to just "stop it!") that would be great. From a feasibility standpoint : Foo-1's style meets with the most resistance due to some developers finding lambda and/or Func's hard to read. Foo-2's style meets with a less resistance as it's just so easy to fall into. Foo-3's style requires the most forward thinking and is difficult to enforce when time is short. Any ideas on some coding styles or conventions that can make this work?

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• C# Working with Linq binding

  - by Isuru

  I have designed Types as follow: class Cricket { string type; Team tm; public Team Team { get { return tm; } set { tm = value; } } public string Type { get { return type; } set { type = value; } } } class Team { string country; Players plr; public Players Players { get {return plr; } set { plr = value; } } public string Country { get { return country; } set { country = value; } } } class Players { string name; DateTime dob; int run; public string Name { get { return name; } set { name = value; } } public DateTime DOB { get { return dob; } set { dob = value; } } public int Run { get { return run; } set { run = value; } } } I have to get the following using LINQ techniques. 1) Youngest all data of the youngest player among all teams 2) Oldest Player of each team 3) The highest run scorer will receive Gold Medal,rest of the players of all team will receive Silver medal. (Please look at the GetPlayer() i have declared var Medal=new String[] {"Gold","Silver"} to associate the Medal ) public void GetPlayer() { var TeamMatrix = new Cricket[] { new Cricket{ Type="Twenty20", Team=new Team{ Country="England", Players=new Players{ DOB=Convert.ToDateTime("01/Jan/1989"), Name="Russel", Run=45}}}, new Cricket{ Type="Twenty20", Team=new Team{ Country="England", Players=new Players{ DOB=Convert.ToDateTime("01/Jan/1991"), Name="Joel", Run=56}}}, new Cricket{ Type="Twenty20", Team=new Team{ Country="Australia", Players=new Players{ DOB=Convert.ToDateTime("01/Jan/1990"), Name="Clark", Run=145}}}, new Cricket{ Type="Twenty20", Team=new Team{ Country="Australia", Players=new Players{ DOB=Convert.ToDateTime("01/Jan/1971"), Name="Bevan", Run=156}}} }; var Medal = new string[] { "Gold", "Silver" }; var tm = (from mat in TeamMatrix select new { mat.Team.Players.DOB }).Max(); Console.WriteLine("Youngest Age={0}",tm); } When I declare var tm = (from mat in TeamMatrix select new { mat.Team.Players.DOB }).Max(); I receive error atleast one object must implement IComparable. What is the actual way to complete the above three tasks? ( Tasks 1 ,2 ,3 are explained above). Thanks to all.

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• Performing full screen grab in windows

  - by Steven Lu

  I am working an idea that involves getting a full capture of the screen including windows and apps, analyzing it, and then drawing items back onto the screen, as an overlay. I want to learn image processing techniques and I could get lots of data to work with if I can directly access the Windows screen. I could use this to build automation tools the likes of which have never been seen before. More on that later. I have full screen capture working for the most part. HWND hwind = GetDesktopWindow(); HDC hdc = GetDC(hwind); int resx = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN); int resy = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN); int BitsPerPixel = GetDeviceCaps(hdc,BITSPIXEL); HDC hdc2 = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc); BITMAPINFO info; info.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER); info.bmiHeader.biWidth = resx; info.bmiHeader.biHeight = resy; info.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1; info.bmiHeader.biBitCount = BitsPerPixel; info.bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB; void *data; hbitmap = CreateDIBSection(hdc2,&info,DIB_RGB_COLORS,(void**)&data,0,0); SelectObject(hdc2,hbitmap); Once this is done, I can call this repeatedly: BitBlt(hdc2,0,0,resx,resy,hdc,0,0,SRCCOPY); The cleanup code (I have no idea if this is correct): DeleteObject(hbitmap); ReleaseDC(hwind,hdc); if (hdc2) { DeleteDC(hdc2); } Every time BitBlt is called it grabs the screen and saves it in memory I can access thru data. Performance is somewhat satisfactory. BitBlt executes in 50 milliseconds (sometimes as low as 33ms) at 1920x1200x32. What surprises me is that when I switch display mode to 16 bit, 1920x1200x16, either through my graphics settings beforehand, or by using ChangeDisplaySettings, I get a massively improved screen grab time between 1ms and 2ms, which cannot be explained by the factor of two reduction in bit-depth. Using CreateDIBSection (as above) offers a significant speed up when in 16-bit mode, compared to if I set up with CreateCompatibleBitmap (6-7ms/f). Does anybody know why dropping to 16bit causes such a speed increase? Is there any hope for me to grab 32bit at such speeds? if not for the color depth, but for not forcing a change of screen buffer modes and the awful flickering.

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• Estimating the boundary of arbitrarily distributed data

  - by Dave

  I have two dimensional discrete spatial data. I would like to make an approximation of the spatial boundaries of this data so that I can produce a plot with another dataset on top of it. Ideally, this would be an ordered set of (x,y) points that matplotlib can plot with the plt.Polygon() patch. My initial attempt is very inelegant: I place a fine grid over the data, and where data is found in a cell, a square matplotlib patch is created of that cell. The resolution of the boundary thus depends on the sampling frequency of the grid. Here is an example, where the grey region are the cells containing data, black where no data exists. OK, problem solved - why am I still here? Well.... I'd like a more "elegant" solution, or at least one that is faster (ie. I don't want to get on with "real" work, I'd like to have some fun with this!). The best way I can think of is a ray-tracing approach - eg: from xmin to xmax, at y=ymin, check if data boundary crossed in intervals dx y=ymin+dy, do 1 do 1-2, but now sample in y An alternative is defining a centre, and sampling in r-theta space - ie radial spokes in dtheta increments. Both would produce a set of (x,y) points, but then how do I order/link neighbouring points them to create the boundary? A nearest neighbour approach is not appropriate as, for example (to borrow from Geography), an isthmus (think of Panama connecting N&S America) could then close off and isolate regions. This also might not deal very well with the holes seen in the data, which I would like to represent as a different plt.Polygon. The solution perhaps comes from solving an area maximisation problem. For a set of points defining the data limits, what is the maximum contiguous area contained within those points To form the enclosed area, what are the neighbouring points for the nth point? How will the holes be treated in this scheme - is this erring into topology now? Apologies, much of this is me thinking out loud. I'd be grateful for some hints, suggestions or solutions. I suspect this is an oft-studied problem with many solution techniques, but I'm looking for something simple to code and quick to run... I guess everyone is, really! Cheers, David

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• Trying to understand the usage of class_eval

  - by eMxyzptlk

  Hello everyone, I'm using the rails-settings gem, and I'm trying to understand how you add functions to ActiveRecord classes (I'm building my own library for card games), and I noticed that this gem uses one of the Meta-programming techniques to add the function to the ActiveRecord::Base class (I'm far from Meta-programming master in ruby, but I'm trying to learn it) module RailsSettings class Railtie < Rails::Railtie initializer 'rails_settings.initialize', :after => :after_initialize do Railtie.extend_active_record end end class Railtie def self.extend_active_record ActiveRecord::Base.class_eval do def self.has_settings class_eval do def settings RailsSettings::ScopedSettings.for_thing(self) end scope :with_settings, :joins => "JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}')", :select => "DISTINCT #{self.table_name}.*" scope :with_settings_for, lambda { |var| { :joins => "JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}') AND settings.var = '#{var}'" } } scope :without_settings, :joins => "LEFT JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}')", :conditions => 'settings.id IS NULL' scope :without_settings_for, lambda { |var| { :joins => "LEFT JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}') AND settings.var = '#{var}'", :conditions => 'settings.id IS NULL' } } end end end end end end What I don't understand is why he uses class_eval on ActiveRecord::Base, wasn't it easier if he just open the ActiveRecord::Base class and define the functions? Specially that there's nothing dynamic in the block (What I mean by dynamic is when you do class_eval or instance_eval on a string containing variables) something like this: module ActiveRecord class Base def self.has_settings class_eval do def settings RailsSettings::ScopedSettings.for_thing(self) end scope :with_settings, :joins => "JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}')", :select => "DISTINCT #{self.table_name}.*" scope :with_settings_for, lambda { |var| { :joins => "JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}') AND settings.var = '#{var}'" } } scope :without_settings, :joins => "LEFT JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}')", :conditions => 'settings.id IS NULL' scope :without_settings_for, lambda { |var| { :joins => "LEFT JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}') AND settings.var = '#{var}'", :conditions => 'settings.id IS NULL' } } end end end end I understand the second class_eval (before the def settings) is to define functions on the fly on every class that 'has_settings' right ? Same question here, I think he could use "def self.settings" instead of "class_eval.... def settings", no ?

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• Add Access-Control-Allow-Origin to header in PHP

  - by SANDeveloper

  I am trying to workaround CORS restriction on a WebGL application. I have a Web Service which resolves URL and returns images. Since this web service is not CORS enabled, I can't use the returned images as textures. I was planning to: Write a PHP script to handle image requests Image requests would be sent through the query string as a url parameter The PHP Script will: Call the web service with the query string url Fetch the image response (web service returns a content-type:image response) Add the CORS header (Add Access-Control-Allow-Origin) to the response Send the response to the browser I tried to implement this using a variety of techniques including CURL, HTTPResponse, plain var_dump etc. but got stuck at some point in each. So I have 2 questions: Is the approach good enough? Considering the approach is good enough: I made the most progress with CURL. I could get the image header and data with: $ch = curl_init(); $url = $_GET["url"]; curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, true); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Content-Type:image/jpeg')); //Execute request $response = curl_exec($ch); //get the default response headers $headers = curl_getinfo($ch); //close connection curl_close($ch); But this doesn't actually change set the response content-type to image/jpeg. It dumps the header + response into a new response of content-type text/html and display the header and the image BLOB data in the browser. How do I get it to send the response in the format I want? Managed to get it working: $ch = curl_init(); $url = $_GET["url"]; curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false); //Execute request $response = curl_exec($ch); //get the default response headers $headers = curl_getinfo($ch); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers); header('Content-Type: image/jpeg'); header("Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *"); // header("Expires: Sat, 26 Jul 2017 05:00:00 GMT"); //close connection curl_close($ch); flush();

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• Check my anagram code from a job interview in the past.

  - by Michael Dorgan

  Had the following as an interview question a while ago and choked so bad on basic syntax that I failed to advance (once the adrenalin kicks in, coding goes out the window.) Given a list of string, return a list of sets of strings that are anagrams of the input set. i.e. "dog","god", "foo" should return {"dog","god"}. Afterward, I created the code on my own as a sanity check and it's been around now for a bit. I'd welcome input on it to see if I missed anything or if I could have done it much more efficiently. Take it as a chance to improve myself and learn other techniques: void Anagram::doWork(list input, list &output) { typedef list SortType; SortType sortedInput; // sort each string and pair it with the original for(list<string>::iterator i = input.begin(); i != input.end(); ++i) { string tempString(*i); std::sort(tempString.begin(), tempString.end()); sortedInput.push_back(make_pair(*i, tempString)); } // Now step through the new sorted list for(SortType::iterator i = sortedInput.begin(); i != sortedInput.end();) { set<string> newSet; // Assume (hope) we have a match and pre-add the first. newSet.insert(i->first); // Set the secondary iterator one past the outside to prevent // matching the original SortType::iterator j = i; ++j; while(j != sortedInput.end()) { if(i->second == j->second) { // If the string matches, add it to the set and remove it // so that future searches need not worry about it newSet.insert(j->first); j = sortedInput.erase(j); } else { // else, next element ++j; } } // If size is bigger than our original push, we have a match - save it to the output if(newSet.size() > 1) { output.push_back(newSet); } // erase this element and update the iterator i = sortedInput.erase(i); } }

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• Implementing coroutines in Java

  - by JUST MY correct OPINION

  This question is related to my question on existing coroutine implementations in Java. If, as I suspect, it turns out that there is no full implementation of coroutines currently available in Java, what would be required to implement them? As I said in that question, I know about the following: You can implement "coroutines" as threads/thread pools behind the scenes. You can do tricksy things with JVM bytecode behind the scenes to make coroutines possible. The so-called "Da Vinci Machine" JVM implementation has primitives that make coroutines doable without bytecode manipulation. There are various JNI-based approaches to coroutines also possible. I'll address each one's deficiencies in turn. Thread-based coroutines This "solution" is pathological. The whole point of coroutines is to avoid the overhead of threading, locking, kernel scheduling, etc. Coroutines are supposed to be light and fast and to execute only in user space. Implementing them in terms of full-tilt threads with tight restrictions gets rid of all the advantages. JVM bytecode manipulation This solution is more practical, albeit a bit difficult to pull off. This is roughly the same as jumping down into assembly language for coroutine libraries in C (which is how many of them work) with the advantage that you have only one architecture to worry about and get right. It also ties you down to only running your code on fully-compliant JVM stacks (which means, for example, no Android) unless you can find a way to do the same thing on the non-compliant stack. If you do find a way to do this, however, you have now doubled your system complexity and testing needs. The Da Vinci Machine The Da Vinci Machine is cool for experimentation, but since it is not a standard JVM its features aren't going to be available everywhere. Indeed I suspect most production environments would specifically forbid the use of the Da Vinci Machine. Thus I could use this to make cool experiments but not for any code I expect to release to the real world. This also has the added problem similar to the JVM bytecode manipulation solution above: won't work on alternative stacks (like Android's). JNI implementation This solution renders the point of doing this in Java at all moot. Each combination of CPU and operating system requires independent testing and each is a point of potentially frustrating subtle failure. Alternatively, of course, I could tie myself down to one platform entirely but this, too, makes the point of doing things in Java entirely moot. So... Is there any way to implement coroutines in Java without using one of these four techniques? Or will I be forced to use the one of those four that smells the least (JVM manipulation) instead?

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• Why does my Spring Controller direct me to the wrong page?

  - by kc2001

  I am writing my first Spring 3.0.5 MVC app and am confused about why my controller mappings aren't doing what I expect. I have a VerifyPasswordController that is called after a user tries to log in by entering his name and password. // Called upon clicking "submit" from /login @RequestMapping(value = "/verifyPassword", method = RequestMethod.POST) @ModelAttribute("user") public String verifyPassword(User user, BindingResult result) { String email = user.getEmail(); String nextPage = CHOOSE_OPERATION_PAGE; // success case if (result.hasErrors()) { nextPage = LOGIN_PAGE; } else if (!passwordMatches(email, user.getPassword())) { nextPage = LOGIN_FAILURE_PAGE; } else { // success } return nextPage; } I can verify in the debugger that this method is being called, but afterwards, the verifyPassword page is displayed rather than the chooseOperation page. The console output of WebLogic seems to show that my mapping are correct: INFO : org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping - Mapped URL path [/chooseOperation] onto handler 'chooseOperationController' INFO : org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping - Mapped URL path [/chooseOperation.*] onto handler 'chooseOperationController' INFO : org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping - Mapped URL path [/chooseOperation/] onto handler 'chooseOperationController' Here is the ChooseOperationController: @Controller @SessionAttributes("leaveRequestForm") public class ChooseOperationController implements PageIfc, AttributeIfc { @RequestMapping(value = "/chooseOperation") @ModelAttribute("leaveRequestForm") public LeaveRequest setUpLeaveRequestForm( @RequestParam(NAME_ATTRIBUTE) String name) { LeaveRequest form = populateFormFromDatabase(name); return form; } // helper methods omited } I welcome any advice, particularly "generic" techniques for debugging such mapping problems. BTW, I've also tried to "redirect" to the desired page, but got the same result. servlet-context.xml: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> <!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing infrastructure --> <!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model --> <annotation-driven /> <!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory --> <resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" /> <!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources in the /WEB-INF/views directory --> <beans:bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" /> <beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </beans:bean> <context:component-scan base-package="com.engilitycorp.leavetracker" /> <beans:bean id="leaveRequestForm" class="com.engilitycorp.leavetracker.model.LeaveRequest" /> </beans:beans> The constants: String LOGIN_FAILURE_PAGE = "loginFailure"; String LOGIN_PAGE = "login"; String CHOOSE_OPERATION_PAGE = "chooseOperation";

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• Debugging a basic OpenGL texture fail? (iphone)

  - by Ben

  Hey all, I have a very basic texture map problem in GL on iPhone, and I'm wondering what strategies there are for debugging this kind of thing. (Frankly, just staring at state machine calls and wondering if any of them is wrong or misordered is no way to live-- are there tools for this?) I have a 512x512 PNG file that I'm loading up from disk (not specially packed), creating a CGBitmapContext, then calling CGContextDrawImage to get bytes out of it. (This code is essentially stolen from an Apple sample.) I'm trying to map the texture to a "quad", with code that looks essentially like this-- all flat 2D stuff, nothing fancy: glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_MODULATE); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); GLfloat vertices[8] = { viewRect.origin.x, viewRect.size.height, viewRect.origin.x, viewRect.origin.y, viewRect.size.width, viewRect.origin.y, viewRect.size.width, viewRect.size.height }; GLfloat texCoords[8] = { 0, 1.0, 0, 0, 1.0, 0, 1.0, 1.0 }; glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, myTextureRef); // This was previously bound to glVertexPointer(2, GL_FLOAT , 0, vertices); glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, 0, texCoords); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_FAN, 0, 4); glDisableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); My supposedly textured area comes out just black. I see no debug output from the CG calls to set up the texture. glGetError reports nothing. If I simplify this code block to just draw the verts, but set up a pure color, the quad area lights up exactly as expected. If I clear the whole context immediately beforehand to red, I don't see the red-- which means something is being rendered there, but not the contents of my PNG. What could I be doing wrong? And more importantly, what are the right tools and techniques for debugging this sort of thing, because running into this kind of problem and not being able to "step through it" in a debugger in any meaningful way is a bummer. Thanks!

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• Loading the last related record instantly for multiple parent records using Entity framework

  - by Guillaume Schuermans

  Does anyone know a good approach using Entity Framework for the problem described below? I am trying for our next release to come up with a performant way to show the placed orders for the logged on customer. Of course paging is always a good technique to use when a lot of data is available I would like to see an answer without any paging techniques. Here's the story: a customer places an order which gets an orderstatus = PENDING. Depending on some strategy we move that order up the chain in order to get it APPROVED. Every change of status is logged so we can see a trace for statusses and maybe even an extra line of comment per status which can provide some extra valuable information to whoever sees this order in an interface. So an Order is linked to a Customer. One order can have multiple orderstatusses stored in OrderStatusHistory. In my testscenario I am using a customer which has 100+ Orders each with about 5 records in the OrderStatusHistory-table. I would for now like to see all orders in one page not using paging where for each Order I show the last relevant Status and the extra comment (if there is any for this last status; both fields coming from OrderStatusHistory; the record with the highest Id for the given OrderId). There are multiple scenarios I have tried, but I would like to see any potential other solutions or comments on the things I have already tried. Trying to do Include() when getting Orders but this still results in multiple queries launched on the database. Each order triggers an extra query to the database to get all orderstatusses in the history table. So all statusses are queried here instead of just returning the last relevant one, plus 100 extra queries are launched for 100 orders. You can imagine the problem when there are 100000+ orders in the database. Having 2 computed columns on the database: LastStatus, LastStatusInformation and a regular Linq-Query which gets those columns which are available through the Entity-model. The problem with this approach is the fact that those computed columns are determined using a scalar function which can not be changed without removing the formula from the computed column, etc... In the end I am very familiar with SQL and Stored procedures, but since the rest of the data-layer uses Entity Framework I would like to stick to it as long as possible, even though I have my doubts about performance. Using the SQL approach I would write something like this: WITH cte (RN, OrderId, [Status], Information) AS ( SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY OrderId ORDER BY Id DESC), OrderId, [Status], Information FROM OrderStatus ) SELECT o.Id, cte.[Status], cte.Information AS StatusInformation, o.* FROM [Order] o INNER JOIN cte ON o.Id = cte.OrderId AND cte.RN = 1 WHERE CustomerId = @CustomerId ORDER BY 1 DESC; which returns all orders for the customer with the statusinformation provided by the Common Table Expression. Does anyone know a good approach using Entity Framework?

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• Incorrect string encodings

  - by James

  Note: I have read all of the related PHP, UTF-8, character encoding articles that are usually suggested, but my question relates to data inserted before I applied such techniques. I am wishing to retrospectively fix all character encoding problems. Now all connections are set as utf8 using PDO. PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND => 'SET NAMES utf8' Unfortunately, a large amount of data was inserted that is of questionable encoding before I had implemented correct character encoding practices. As displayed by: $sql = "SELECT name FROM data LIMIT 3"; foreach ($pdo->query($sql) as $row) { $name = $row['name']; echo $name . "\n"; echo utf8_encode($name) . "\n"; echo utf8_decode($name) . "\n"; echo htmlspecialchars($name, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8') . "\n"; echo htmlspecialchars(utf8_encode($name), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8') . "\n"; echo htmlspecialchars(utf8_decode($name), ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8') . "\n"; echo '<hr/>'; } Which produces: Antonín Dvořák AntonÃÆín DvoÃâ¦Ãâ¢ÃÆák Anton??­n Dvo??????¡k Antonín Dvořák AntonÃÆín DvoÃâ¦Ãâ¢ÃÆák ---------- Ô±Ö€Õ¡Õ´ Ô½Õ¡Õ¹Õ¡Õ¿Ö€ÕµÕ¡Õ¶ ñÃâ¬Ã¡Ã´ ýáùáÿÃâ¬ÃµÃ¡Ã¶ ????? ?????????? Ô±Ö€Õ¡Õ´ Ô½Õ¡Õ¹Õ¡Õ¿Ö€ÕµÕ¡Õ¶ ñÃâ¬Ã¡Ã´ ýáùáÿÃâ¬ÃµÃ¡Ã¶ ---------- Tiësto Tiësto Tiësto Tiësto Tiësto Tiësto ---------- When removing 'SET NAMES utf8' with PDO it produces the data: Antonín DvoÅák Antonín DvoÃÂák Antonín Dvorák Antonín DvoÅák Antonín DvoÃÂák Antonín Dvorák ---------- ???? ????????? Ô±ÖÕ¡Õ´ Ô½Õ¡Õ¹Õ¡Õ¿ÖÕµÕ¡Õ¶ ???? ????????? ???? ????????? Ô±ÖÕ¡Õ´ Ô½Õ¡Õ¹Õ¡Õ¿ÖÕµÕ¡Õ¶ ???? ????????? ---------- Tiësto Tiësto Ti?sto Tiësto Tiësto ---------- And here is a dump of the database rows concerned: DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `data`; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `data` ( `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(80) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `name` (`name`(10)), ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=0; INSERT INTO `data` (`id`, `name`) VALUES (0, 'Antonín Dvořák'), (1, 'Ô±Ö€Õ¡Õ´ Ô½Õ¡Õ¹Õ¡Õ¿Ö€ÕµÕ¡Õ¶'), (2, 'Tiësto'); The 3rd and 6th lines of the 3rd row "Tiësto" are then correctly echoed. I'm just unsure what is the best way to correct encodings/detect the encodings of bad strings and correct, etc.

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• Is it any loose coupling mechanism in Objective-C + Cocoa like C# delegates or C++Qt signals+slots?

  - by Eye of Hell

  Hello. For a large programs, the standard way to chalenge a complexity is to divide a program code into small objects. Most of the actual programming languages offer this functionality via classes, so is Objective-C. But after source code is separated into small object, the second challenge is to somehow connect them with each over. Standard approaches, supported by most languages are compositon (one object is a member field of another), inheritance, templates (generics) and callbacks. More cryptic techniques include method-level delagates (C#) and signals+slots (C++Qt). I like the delegates / signals idea, since while connecting two objects i can connect individual methods with each over, without objects knowing anything of each over. For C#, it will look like this: var object1 = new CObject1(); var object2 = new CObject2(); object1.SomethingHappened += object2.HandleSomething; In this code, is object1 calls it's SomethingHappened delegate (like a normal method call) the HandleSomething method of object2 will be called. For C++Qt, it will look like this: var object1 = new CObject1(); var object2 = new CObject2(); connect( object1, SIGNAL(SomethingHappened()), object2, SLOT(HandleSomething()) ); The result will be exactly the same. This technique has some advantages and disadvantages, but generally i like it more than interfaces since if program code base grows i can change connections and add new ones without creating tons of interfaces. After examination of Objective-C i havn't found any way to use this technique i like :(. It seems that Objective-C supports message passing perfectly well, but it requres for object1 to have a pointer to object2 in order to pass it a message. If some object needs to be connected to lots of other objects, in Objective-C i will be forced to give him pointers to each of the objects it must be connected. So, the question :). Is it any approach in Objective-C programming that will closely resemble delegate / signal+slot types of connection, not a 'give first object an entire pointer to second object so it can pass a message to it'. Method-level connections are a bit more preferable to me than object-level connection ^_^.

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