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  • autocomplete not working on one sever, works on others

    - by dogmatic69
    I have Ubuntu 10.10 x64 and x86 running on various servers and auto complete works on all of them bar one. The issue: apt-<tab> would show a list of options but sudo apt-<tab> would not. After fiddling with it for a few hours i've found that /etc/bash_autocomplete did not exist. on the broken server. Copying the one from a working one it now works. but still not properly. sudo apt-get ins<tab> does not show do anything. listing the files in /etc/bash_autocomplete.d/ on the working server has about 50 files, and the broken one only two or three. i dont think that i can just copy these files though as it might show commands for things that are not even installed. TL;DR autocomplete broken, how can i fix it. Seems like its disabled somewhere, why is this EDIT: Ok, it was not ever installed... $ sudo apt-get install bash-completion Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following NEW packages will be installed bash-completion 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded. Need to get 140kB of archives. After this operation, 1,061kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ maverick-updates/main bash-completion all 1:1.2-2ubuntu1.1 [140kB] Fetched 140kB in 0s (174kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package bash-completion. (Reading database ... 23808 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking bash-completion (from .../bash-completion_1%3a1.2-2ubuntu1.1_all.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up bash-completion (1:1.2-2ubuntu1.1) ... its now kinda working, but still wonky... apt-get ins<tab> gives sudo apt-get insserv as the option. also apt-get install php5<tab> gives apt-get install php5/ not php5-* options.

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  • dnsmasq acts as the DHCP server for selected nodes overriding the existing DHCP server on the same LAN?

    - by user183394
    I am trying to set up a small "lab" at home. Like many modern homes, I have a regular DSL service which comes with a 2Wire 3600HGV router, which acts also as a DHCP server. Since I would like to PXE boot a few computers in my "lab" The 2Wire is inflexible to adjustments that I want to do I have used dnsmasq at work so I would like to use dnsmasq as the DHCP server for the few nodes in my "lab" if feasible. In the dnsmasq man page, there is the following: [...] -K, --dhcp-authoritative (IPv4 only) Should be set when dnsmasq is definitely the only DHCP server on a network. It changes the behaviour from strict RFC compliance so that DHCP requests on unknown leases from unknown hosts are not ignored. This allows new hosts to get a lease without a tedious timeout under all circumstances. It also allows dnsmasq to rebuild its lease database without each client needing to reacquire a lease, if the database is lost. [...] As far as I know, the ISC DHCP server can use the following to do what I would like to accomplish: authoritative; [...] subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { host nb0 { # only give DHCP information to this computer: hardware ethernet e8:9a:8f:17:70:42; fixed-address 192.168.1.10; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option routers 192.168.1.254; option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.254; # Non-essential DHCP options filename "/pxelinux.0"; } [...] But I much prefer dnsmasq's "all-in-one-ness". My question: do I have to couple the -K option with something else? As shown in the example above, the ISC DHCP server requires the mac addresses of managed nodes to be explicitly specified. Does dnsmasq have something similar? FYI, the machine on which I plan to run dnsmasq runs CentOS 6.3 64bit. It has a statically assigned IP address: 192.168.1.3.

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  • Output php mail calls to log file

    - by Tom McQuarrie
    This question relates to the question found here: Find the php script thats sending mails Trying to do the exact same thing but can't get the log to output what I need. Not too experienced with serverfault and ideally I'd post my followup on the original question, or PM adam to see if he ever found a solution, but looks as though server fault doesn't work that way. I can post an "answer" but that's definitely not what this is. I have a script located at /usr/local/bin/sendmail-php-logged, with the following: #!/bin/sh logger -p mail.info sendmail-php: site=${HTTP_HOST}, client=${REMOTE_ADDR}, script=${SCRIPT_NAME}, filename=${SCRIPT_FILENAME}, docroot=${DOCUMENT_ROOT}, pwd=${PWD}, uid=${UID}, user=$(whoami) /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i $* This is logging to /var/log/maillog, but as Adam mentions in his question, none of the server variables work. Output I'm getting is: Oct 4 12:16:21 fluke logger: sendmail-php: site=, client=, script=, filename=, docroot=, pwd=/var/www/html/aro_chroot/sites/arocms, uid=48, user=apache Oct 4 12:16:21 fluke logger: sendmail-php: site=, client=, script=, filename=, docroot=, pwd=/var/www/html/aro_chroot/sites/arocms, uid=48, user=apache Oct 4 12:17:03 fluke logger: sendmail-php: site=, client=, script=, filename=, docroot=, pwd=/var/www/html/aro_chroot/sites/arocms, uid=48, user=apache Oct 4 12:17:05 fluke logger: sendmail-php: site=, client=, script=, filename=, docroot=, pwd=/root, uid=0, user=root Oct 4 12:17:11 fluke logger: sendmail-php: site=, client=, script=, filename=, docroot=, pwd=/var/www/html/aro_chroot/sites/arocms, uid=48, user=apache Oct 4 12:17:14 fluke logger: sendmail-php: site=, client=, script=, filename=, docroot=, pwd=/root, uid=0, user=root Oct 4 12:17:29 fluke logger: sendmail-php: site=, client=, script=, filename=, docroot=, pwd=/root, uid=0, user=root Oct 4 12:17:41 fluke logger: sendmail-php: site=, client=, script=, filename=, docroot=, pwd=/root, uid=0, user=root User ID, current user, and pwd are all working, probably because they're globally accessible script resources, and not specific to PHP, like all the others are. I've tried using other server variables as per labradort's instructions, but no joy. Here's some sample tests: logger -p mail.info sendmail-php SCRIPT_NAME: ${SCRIPT_NAME} logger -p mail.info sendmail-php SCRIPT_FILENAME: ${SCRIPT_FILENAME} logger -p mail.info sendmail-php PATH_INFO: ${PATH_INFO} logger -p mail.info sendmail-php PHP_SELF: ${PHP_SELF} logger -p mail.info sendmail-php DOCUMENT_ROOT: ${DOCUMENT_ROOT} logger -p mail.info sendmail-php REMOTE_ADDR: ${REMOTE_ADDR} logger -p mail.info sendmail-php SCRIPT_NAME: $SCRIPT_NAME logger -p mail.info sendmail-php SCRIPT_FILENAME: $SCRIPT_FILENAME logger -p mail.info sendmail-php PATH_INFO: $PATH_INFO logger -p mail.info sendmail-php PHP_SELF: $PHP_SELF logger -p mail.info sendmail-php DOCUMENT_ROOT: $DOCUMENT_ROOT logger -p mail.info sendmail-php REMOTE_ADDR: $REMOTE_ADDR And the output: Oct 4 12:58:02 fluke logger: sendmail-php SCRIPT_NAME: Oct 4 12:58:02 fluke logger: sendmail-php SCRIPT_FILENAME: Oct 4 12:58:02 fluke logger: sendmail-php PATH_INFO: Oct 4 12:58:02 fluke logger: sendmail-php PHP_SELF: Oct 4 12:58:02 fluke logger: sendmail-php DOCUMENT_ROOT: Oct 4 12:58:02 fluke logger: sendmail-php REMOTE_ADDR: Oct 4 12:58:02 fluke logger: sendmail-php SCRIPT_NAME: Oct 4 12:58:02 fluke logger: sendmail-php SCRIPT_FILENAME: Oct 4 12:58:02 fluke logger: sendmail-php PATH_INFO: Oct 4 12:58:02 fluke logger: sendmail-php PHP_SELF: Oct 4 12:58:02 fluke logger: sendmail-php DOCUMENT_ROOT: Oct 4 12:58:02 fluke logger: sendmail-php REMOTE_ADDR: I'm running php 5.3.10. Unfortunately register_globals is on, for compatibility with legacy systems, but you wouldn't think that would cause the environment variables to stop working. If someone can give me some hints as to why this might not be working I'll be a very happy man :)

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  • How can I install things in Linux with *no yum* and *no wget*?

    - by e9t
    I'm a newbie to Linux (that mainly uses Windows and Mac OS X) needing some advice. I was trying to install git on a Linux machine today, and encountered some problems: Not knowing the version of the installed OS, I've opened the /proc/version file which said: Linux version 2.6.9-42.0.2.ELsmp ([email protected]) (gcc version 3.4.6 20060404 (Red Hat 3.4.6-3)) #1 SMP Thu Aug 17 17:57:31 EDT 2006 Then, as written in the git documents (http://git-scm.com/download/linux), I assumed I could use the yum install git command for Fedora, but got the following result. [root@myserver ~]# yum install git -bash: yum: command not found So I tried installing yum using wget, but wasn't so lucky. [root@myserver ~]# wget http://linux.duke.edu/projects/yum/download/2.0/yum-2.0.7.tar.gz -bash: wget: command not found I googled and found this page and this page, so tried installing yum with rpm, but only got a result full of question marks. (Possibly an encoding problem, hmm...) [root@myserver ~]# rpm -Uvh http://www.eomy.net/linux/install-yum-x86_64/wget-1.10.2-0.40E.x86_64.rpm http://www.eomy.net/linux/install-yum-x86_64/wget-1.10.2-0.40E.x86_64.rpm(??)?? ?????? ?: /var/tmp/rpm-xfer.TbuAOu: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 443e1821 ???.. ########################################### [100%] wget-1.10.2-0.40E U???????g??????? wget-1.10.2-0.40E???? ??g??/usr/bin/wget ?? wget-1.10.2-0.40E U?????? ???? wget-1.10.2-0.40E???? ??g??/usr/share/man/man1/wget.1.gz ?? wget-1.10.2-0.40E U?????? ???? [root@myserver ~]# Finally, when I typed rpm --version in the terminal, I got the below results. [root@myserver ~]# rpm --version RPM ???? - 4.3.3 I would like to know what I can do or possibly try now. Is it not possible to wget or yum anything in my situation? Or is there any magical tool like homebrew (http://mxcl.github.com/homebrew/) that I can use? Any comments or advice would be appreciated. Thanks in advance!

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  • radvd is not assigning prefix

    - by Samik
    I'm currently trying to setup IPv6 address auto-configuration with router advertisement daemon (radvd) on a virtual machine running CentOS 6.5. But the eth0 interface is not obtaining that prefix. I've obtained the ULA prefix from here. Contents of /etc/sysctl.conf # Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details. # Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1 # Controls source route verification net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 # Do not accept source routing net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 # Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel kernel.sysrq = 0 # Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename. # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications. kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 # Controls the use of TCP syncookies net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 # Disable netfilter on bridges. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 # Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue kernel.msgmnb = 65536 # Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes kernel.msgmax = 65536 # Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes kernel.shmmax = 68719476736 # Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages kernel.shmall = 4294967296 Contents of /etc/radvd.conf # NOTE: there is no such thing as a working "by-default" configuration file. # At least the prefix needs to be specified. Please consult the radvd.conf(5) # man page and/or /usr/share/doc/radvd-*/radvd.conf.example for help. # # interface eth0 { AdvSendAdvert on; MinRtrAdvInterval 3; MaxRtrAdvInterval 10; AdvDefaultPreference low; AdvHomeAgentFlag off; prefix fd8a:8d9d:808f:1::/64 { AdvOnLink on; AdvAutonomous on; AdvRouterAddr on; }; }; Contents of /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 HWADDR=52:54:00:74:d7:46 TYPE=Ethernet UUID=af5db1cb-e809-4098-be1a-5a74dbb767b1 ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=no BOOTPROTO=dhcp IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes I've also enabled radvd at startup through chkconfig. Though I noticed that radvd is starting after interfaces are brought up. I've tried restarting the network service afterwards but still I get the following link-local address only #ip -6 addr show 1: lo: mtu 16436 inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: mtu 1500 qlen 1000 inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe74:d746/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever Edit: Based on the answer given by Sander Steffann I still need clarification on some points but I'm posting here what worked. Contents of /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=syslog-ng-server NETWORKING_IPV6=yes IPV6FORWARDING=yes Contents of /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 HWADDR=52:54:00:74:d7:46 TYPE=Ethernet UUID=af5db1cb-e809-4098-be1a-5a74dbb767b1 ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=no BOOTPROTO=dhcp IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes IPV6FORWARDING=no Removed following line from /etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1 Contents of /etc/radvd.conf is as previous.

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  • Hylafax / Capi4hylafax: faxgetty does not recognize number of lines

    - by Wrikken
    We've got a T.30 card, 30 working lines on it, but for some reason, if I add more then 30 faxes in the queue at any time (and we're busy enough at peak times that this happens a lot), faxgetty sends faxes to non-existent lines and they appear in the error queue as a 'busy' signal on the line, which results in a lot of failed faxes because the counter of max 3 tries increases rapidly. This is using faxgetty (USE_FAXGETTY="y" in /etc/default/hylafax). I've inherited this thing, so I'm not entirely sure how faxgetty is supposed to know the number of lines. However, if I alter the script to faxmodem (USE_FAXGETTY="n" in /etc/default/hylafax and manually enabling 30 modems), this behavior goes away (new faxes 'wait' for a line to be available before trying to send, so each try / fail is a valid one on a working line, majorly descreasing the amount of failed faxes. However, when researching this almost anyone talks about faxgetty being the preferred, more robust, method, and on top of that for some unexplained reason all FIFO's disappeared for some reason after several errorless hours with faxmodem, forcing a hylafax restart using faxgetty until we figured out why this faxmodem solution failed (which is another question, and somewhat out of scope here). Environment: Debian 2.6.26-2-amd64 capi4hylafax 1:01.03.00.99.svn.300-12 hylafax-client 2:4.4.4-10.1 hylafax-server 2:4.4.4-10.1 Config --hfaxd.conf-- LogFacility: daemon ServerTracing: 0x1ff --hyla.conf-- Host: localhost Verbose: No VRes: 196 TimeZone: local DialRules: "/etc/hylafax/dialrules.europe" --/etc/hylafax/config -- InternationalPrefix: 00 LongDistancePrefix: 0 AreaCode: 99999 CountryCode: 31 DialStringRules: "etc/dialrules.europe" ModemGroup: any:faxCAPI SendFaxCmd: "/usr/bin/wrapc2faxsend" --/etc/hylafax/config.faxCAPI -- SpoolDir: /var/spool/hylafax FaxRcvdCmd: /var/spool/hylafax/bin/faxrcvd PollRcvdCmd: /var/spool/hylafax/bin/pollrcvd FaxReceiveUser: uucp FaxReceiveGroup: dialout LogFile: /var/spool/hylafax/log/capi4hylafax #no, checking this log did not yield anything interesting LogTraceLevel: 4 LogFileMode: 0600 ModemGroup: any:faxCAPI #repeats of faxCAPI2 = faxCAPI30, with of course another devicename/local ident: { HylafaxDeviceName: faxCAPI RecvFileMode: 0600 FAXNumber: ****redacted**** LocalIdentifier: ****some-ident-per-device*** MaxConcurrentRecvs: 0 OutgoingController: 1 OutgoingMSN: SuppressMSN: 0 NumberPrefix: NumberPlusReplacer: "00" UseISDNFaxService: 0 RingingDuration: 0 { Controller: 1 AcceptSpeech: 0 UseDDI: 0 DDIOffset: DDILength: 0 IncomingDDIs: IncomingMSNs: AcceptGlobalCall: 1 } } So in short: How does faxgetty determine the number of lines available? (the man page isn't terribly revealing, and I can't find an appropriate setting in hylafax-config. And how can I get a capi4hylafax/hylafax setup which queues more faxes then lines are available correctly without immediately incrementing the fail count? We will not be receiving any faxes on this machine b.t.w. As I said, I've inherited this thing, so if there are important configuration options I'm not including, please let me know.

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  • Compiling PHP with GD crashes with EXC_BREAKPOINT (SIGTRAP) on PPC Mac

    - by Ömer
    First of all, I should say that I have searched the whole Internet for this problem but I couldn't find any solution yet. I have a Mac mini PowerPC (PPC) and I run Apache webserver (httpd-2.2.22) with PHP (5.4.0) and I do all the configure & compilation jobs by myself. If configure with: './configure' '--prefix=/usr/local/php5' '--mandir=/usr/share/man' '--infodir=/usr/share/info' '--sysconfdir=/etc' '--with-config-file-path=/etc' '--with-zlib' '--with-zlib-dir=/usr' '--with-openssl=/usr' '--without-iconv' '--enable-exif' '--enable-ftp' '--enable-mbstring' '--enable-mbregex' '--enable-sockets' '--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql' '--with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql' '--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config' '--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs' '--with-mcrypt' then the PHP works flawlessly. But if I add the GD module by adding these to the script above: '--with-gd' '--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/lib' '--with-freetype-dir=/usr/X11R6' '--with-png-dir=/usr/X11R6' '--with-xpm-dir=/usr/X11R6' the PHP gets configured and compiled without any errors but it causes EXC_BREAKPOINT (SIGTRAP) (see the Crash Reporter log below) when I request a page which calls PHP module. It's obvious that something related to the GD module is causing this, probably FreeType module because it's present in the log but it may not be definite of course. When the PHP crashes (or more accurately, httpd) the CPU goes 100% for 10 to 15 seconds until it recovers. I need to use the GD module and keep the Mac mini PowerPC. So, what should I do to solve this problem? Process: httpd [79852] Path: /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd Identifier: httpd Version: ??? (???) Code Type: PPC (Native) Parent Process: httpd [79846] Date/Time: 2013-11-04 15:44:28.444 +0200 OS Version: Mac OS X 10.5.8 (9L31a) Report Version: 6 Anonymous UUID: 0178B7F8-2241-43F7-A651-9E7234D41A37 Exception Type: EXC_BREAKPOINT (SIGTRAP) Exception Codes: 0x0000000000000001, 0x0000000093c11e0c Crashed Thread: 0 Application Specific Information: *** single-threaded process forked *** Thread 0 Crashed: 0 com.apple.CoreFoundation 0x93c11e0c __CFRunLoopFindMode + 328 1 com.apple.CoreFoundation 0x93c13d88 CFRunLoopAddSource + 276 2 com.apple.DiskArbitration 0x901a6e8c DAApprovalSessionScheduleWithRunLoop + 52 3 ...ple.CoreServices.CarbonCore 0x9512e67c _FSGetDiskArbSession(__DASession**, __DAApprovalSession**) + 540 4 ...ple.CoreServices.CarbonCore 0x9512e420 CreateDiskArbDiskForMountPath(char const*) + 84 5 ...ple.CoreServices.CarbonCore 0x9512d2c8 FSCacheableClient_GetVolumeCachedInfo(char const*, statfs const*, CachedVolumeInfo*, __DADisk*, __DADisk**) + 280 6 ...ple.CoreServices.CarbonCore 0x9512cca4 MountVolume(char const*, statfs*, unsigned char, unsigned char, __DADisk*, short*) + 352 7 ...ple.CoreServices.CarbonCore 0x9512ca48 MountInitialVolumes() + 172 8 ...ple.CoreServices.CarbonCore 0x9512c4d4 INIT_FileManager() + 164 9 ...ple.CoreServices.CarbonCore 0x9512c390 GetRetainedVolFSVCBByVolumeID(unsigned long) + 48 10 ...ple.CoreServices.CarbonCore 0x9512adf4 PathGetObjectInfo(char const*, unsigned long, unsigned long, VolumeInfo**, unsigned long*, unsigned long*, char*, unsigned long*, unsigned char*) + 184 11 ...ple.CoreServices.CarbonCore 0x9512acc4 FSPathMakeRefInternal(unsigned char const*, unsigned long, unsigned long, FSRef*, unsigned char*) + 64 12 libfreetype.6.dylib 0x0070a0fc FT_New_Face_From_Resource + 56 13 libfreetype.6.dylib 0x0070a3b0 FT_New_Face + 48 14 libphp5.so 0x0118d1a8 fontFetch + 824 15 libphp5.so 0x0118edac php_gd_gdCacheGet + 220 16 libphp5.so 0x0118d6d8 php_gd_gdImageStringFTEx + 360 17 libphp5.so 0x011763c0 php_imagettftext_common + 1504 18 libphp5.so 0x01176494 zif_imagefttext + 20 19 libphp5.so 0x014b9c68 zend_do_fcall_common_helper_SPEC + 1048 20 libphp5.so 0x01452898 _ZEND_DO_FCALL_SPEC_CONST_HANDLER + 440 21 libphp5.so 0x014ba878 execute + 776 22 libphp5.so 0x013f190c zend_execute_scripts + 316 23 libphp5.so 0x013779f4 php_execute_script + 596 24 libphp5.so 0x014bbe64 php_handler + 1972 25 httpd 0x000020c0 ap_run_handler + 96 26 httpd 0x00006ae0 ap_invoke_handler + 224 27 httpd 0x000305c4 ap_process_request + 116 28 httpd 0x0002c768 ap_process_http_connection + 104 29 httpd 0x00012d30 ap_run_process_connection + 96 30 httpd 0x00012ecc ap_process_connection + 92 31 httpd 0x000373e4 child_main + 1220 32 httpd 0x000376a8 make_child + 296 33 httpd 0x000377e4 startup_children + 100 34 httpd 0x000387d4 ap_mpm_run + 3988 35 httpd 0x0000a320 main + 3280 36 httpd 0x000019c0 start + 64

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  • CUPS Web Admin Error 500 Unknown

    - by Floyd Resler
    I keep getting a 500 Unknown error whenever I navigate off the home page of my CUPS web admin. I'm sure I have something misconfigured but I'm not sure what. Here's my configuration: # # "$Id: cupsd.conf.in 8805 2009-08-31 16:34:06Z mike $" # # Sample configuration file for the CUPS scheduler. See "man cupsd.conf" for a # complete description of this file. # # Log general information in error_log - change "warn" to "debug" # for troubleshooting... LogLevel warn # Administrator user group... SystemGroup lpadmin sys root # Only listen for connections from the local machine. Listen 192.168.6.101:631 Listen /var/run/cups/cups.sock ServerName 192.168.6.101 # Show shared printers on the local network. Browsing On BrowseOrder allow,deny BrowseAllow all BrowseLocalProtocols CUPS BrowseAddress 192.168.6.255 # Default authentication type, when authentication is required... DefaultAuthType Basic # Restrict access to the server... Order allow,deny Allow From All Allow From 127.0.0.1 # Restrict access to the admin pages... AuthType Default Require user @SYSTEM Order allow,deny Allow From All Allow From 127.0.0.1 # Restrict access to configuration files... AuthType Default Require user @SYSTEM Order allow,deny Allow From All Allow From 127.0.0.1 # Set the default printer/job policies... # Job-related operations must be done by the owner or an administrator... Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM Order deny,allow # All administration operations require an administrator to authenticate... AuthType Default Require user @SYSTEM Order deny,allow # All printer operations require a printer operator to authenticate... AuthType Default Require user @SYSTEM Order deny,allow # Only the owner or an administrator can cancel or authenticate a job... Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM Order deny,allow Order deny,allow # Set the authenticated printer/job policies... # Job-related operations must be done by the owner or an administrator... AuthType Default Order deny,allow AuthType Default Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM Order deny,allow # All administration operations require an administrator to authenticate... AuthType Default Require user @SYSTEM Order deny,allow # All printer operations require a printer operator to authenticate... AuthType Default Require user @SYSTEM Order deny,allow # Only the owner or an administrator can cancel or authenticate a job... AuthType Default Require user @OWNER @SYSTEM Order deny,allow Order deny,allow # # End of "$Id: cupsd.conf.in 8805 2009-08-31 16:34:06Z mike $". #

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  • Postfix flow/hook reference, or high-level overview?

    - by threecheeseopera
    The Postfix MTA consists of several components/services that work together to perform the different stages of delivery and receipt of mail; these include the smtp daemon, the pickup and cleanup processes, the queue manager, the smtp service, pipe/spawn/virtual/rewrite ... and others (including the possibility of custom components). Postfix also provides several types of hooks that allow it to integrate with external software, such as policy servers, filters, bounce handlers, loggers, and authentication mechanisms; these hooks can be connected to different components/stages of the delivery process, and can communicate via (at least) IPC, network, database, several types of flat files, or a predefined protocol (e.g. milter). An old and very limited example of this is shown at this page. My question: Does anyone have access to a resource that describes these hooks, the components/delivery stages that the hook can interact with, and the supported communication methods? Or, more likely, documentation of the various Postfix components and the hooks/methods that they support? For example: Given the requirement "if the recipient primary MX server matches 'shadysmtpd', check the recipient address against a list; if there is a match, terminate the SMTP connection without notice". My software would need to 1) integrate into the proper part of the SMTP process, 2) use some method to perform the address check (TCP map server? regular expressions? mysql?), and 3) implement the required action (connection termination). Additionally, there will probably be several methods to accomplish this, and another requirement would be to find that which best fits (ex: a network server might be faster than a flat-file lookup; or, if a large volume of mail might be affected by this check, it should be performed as early in the mail process as possible). Real-world example: The apolicy policy server (performs checks on addresses according to user-defined rules) is designed as a standalone TCP server that hooks into Postfix inside the smtpd component via the directive 'check_policy_service inet:127.0.0.1:10001' in the 'smtpd_client_restrictions' configuration option. This means that, when Postfix first receives an item of mail to be delivered, it will create a TCP connection to the policy server address:port for the purpose of determining if the client is allowed to send mail from this server (in addition to whatever other restrictions / restriction lookup methods are defined in that option); the proper action will be taken based on the server's response. Notes: 1)The Postfix architecture page describes some of this information in ascii art; what I am hoping for is distilled, condensed, reference material. 2) Please correct me if I am wrong on any level; there is a mountain of material, and I am just one man ;) Thanks!

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  • filtering itunes library items by file location

    - by Cawas
    3 answers and unfortunately no solution yet. The Problem I've got way more than 1000 duplicated items in my iTunes Library pointing to a non-existant place (the "where" under "get info" window), along with other duplicated items and other MIAs (Missing In Action). Is there any simple way to just delete all of them and only them? From the library, of course. By that I mean some MIAs are pointing to /Volumes while some are pointing to .../music/Music/... or just .../music/.... I want to delete all pointing to /Volumes as to later I'll recover the rest. Check the image below. Some Background I tried searching for a specific key word on the path and creating smart play list, but with no result. Being able to just sort all library by path would be a perfect solution! I believe old iTunes could do that. PowerTunes can do it (sort by path) but I can't do anything with its list. I would also welcome any program able to handle this, then import and properly export back the iTunes library. Since this seems to just not be clear enough... AppleScript doesn't work That's because AppleScript just can't gather the missing info anywhere in iTunes Library. Maybe we could use AppleScript by opening the XML file, but that's a whole nother issue. Here's a quote from my conversation with Doug the man himself Adams last december: I don't think you do understand. There is no way to get the path to the file of a dead track because iTunes has "forgotten" it. That is, by definition, what a dead track is. Doug On Dec 21, 2010, at 7:08 AM, Caue Rego wrote: yes I understand that and have seem the script. but I'm not looking for the file. just the old broken path reference to it. Sent from my iPhone On 21/12/2010, at 10:00, Doug Adams wrote: You cannot locate missing files of dead tracks because, by definition, a dead track is one that doesn't have any file information. If you look at "Super Remove Dead Tracks", you will notice it looks for tracks that have "missing value" for the location property.

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  • IIS httpTracing setting has no effect

    - by digahill
    I'm trying to troubleshoot some performance issues we are having on a specific ASP.NET page with Microsoft's Perfecto Tool on IIS 7.5. Perfecto uses the ETW hooks build in to IIS to report on specific HTTP request, and is working quite well. However, I only want IIS to emit traces for one specific page, say "Default.aspx" in my TestApp Web Application. Following the instructions on the httpTracing man page, I should be able to add the traceUrls element to my root web.config file for TestApp. This doesn't seem to affect tracing whatsoever when I do so. For example, I've used the following settings in the web.config file and every request that hits the IIS server is sending tracing messages that are in turn picked up by Perfecto. (In the System.WebServer section) <httpTracing> <traceUrls> <add value="/Default.aspx" /> </traceUrls> </httpTracing> I then found that the applicationHost.config file on the server had an empty element. I tried removing this element, as well as the httpTracing element in the web.config. After a machine reboot, I was still getting tracing messages! My understanding is that the presense of the httpTracing element is what controlls whether ETW tracing is on or not. I ensured there was no reference to httpTracing in the machine.config, too. At a loss, I decided to remove the IIS Tracing feature with Server Manager. After a reboot, I no longer got ETW tracing. I then reinstalled IIS Tracing feature with Server Manager. As expected, the httpTracing element reappeared in the applicationhost.config file. Tracing messages began sending again for all sites and pages. I then tried to use the traceUrls element at the applicationhost.config level. This also didn't filter out and traces. I must be misunderstanting something key with how httpTracing works. There aren't many resources on the web to help me, either. Can anyone tell me if what I'm trying should work? Has anyone else had success filtering tracing message per page with traceUrls? I should note that I also tried changing with the following setting in applicationhost.config to "allow". It didn't seem to help. <section name="httpTracing" overrideModeDefault="Allow" />

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  • load-causing processes disappearing from "top" ps -o pcpu shows bogus numbers

    - by Alec Matusis
    I administer a large number of servers, and I have this problem only with Ubuntu 10.04 LTS: I run a server under normal load (say load average 3.0 on an 8-core server). The "top" command shows processes taking certain % of CPU that cause this load average: say PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 11008 mysql 20 0 25.9g 22g 5496 S 67 76.0 643539:38 mysqld ps -o pcpu,pid -p11008 %CPU PID 53.1 11008 , everything is consistent. The all of the sudden, the process causing the load average disappears from "top", but the process continues to run normally (albeit with a slight performance decrease), and the system load average becomes somewhat higher. The output of ps -o pcpu becomes bogus: # ps -o pcpu,pid -p11008 %CPU PID 317910278 1587 This happened to at least 5 different severs (different brand new IBM System X hardware), each running different software: one httpd 2.2, one mysqld 5.1, and one Twisted Python TCP servers. Each time the kernel was between 2.6.32-32-server and 2.6.32-40-server. I updated some machines to 2.6.32-41-server, and it has not happened on those yet, but the bug is rare (once every 60 days or so). This is from an affected machine: top - 10:39:06 up 73 days, 17:57, 3 users, load average: 6.62, 5.60, 5.34 Tasks: 207 total, 2 running, 205 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 11.4%us, 18.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 66.3%id, 4.3%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 74341464k total, 71985004k used, 2356460k free, 236456k buffers Swap: 3906552k total, 328k used, 3906224k free, 24838212k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 805 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 3 0.0 1493:09 fct0-worker 982 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 1 0.0 111:35.05 fioa-data-groom 914 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 884:42.71 fct1-worker 1068 root 20 0 19364 1496 1060 R 0 0.0 0:00.02 top Nothing causing high load is showing on top, but I have two highly loaded mysqld instances on it, that suddenly show crazy %CPU: #ps -o pcpu,pid,cmd -p1587 %CPU PID CMD 317713124 1587 /nail/encap/mysql-5.1.60/libexec/mysqld and #ps -o pcpu,pid,cmd -p1624 %CPU PID CMD 2802 1624 /nail/encap/mysql-5.1.60/libexec/mysqld Here are the numbers from # cat /proc/1587/stat 1587 (mysqld) S 1212 1088 1088 0 -1 4202752 14307313 0 162 0 85773299069 4611685932654088833 0 0 20 0 52 0 3549 27255418880 5483524 18446744073709551615 4194304 11111617 140733749236976 140733749235984 8858659 0 552967 4102 26345 18446744073709551615 0 0 17 5 0 0 0 0 0 the 14th and 15th numbers according to man proc are supposed to be utime %lu Amount of time that this process has been scheduled in user mode, measured in clock ticks (divide by sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK). This includes guest time, guest_time (time spent running a virtual CPU, see below), so that applications that are not aware of the guest time field do not lose that time from their calculations. stime %lu Amount of time that this process has been scheduled in kernel mode, measured in clock ticks (divide by sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK). On a normal server, these numbers are advancing, every time I check the /proc/PID/stat. On a buggy server, these numbers are stuck at a ridiculously high value like 4611685932654088833, and it's not changing. Has anyone encountered this bug?

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  • unable to install anything on ubuntu 9.10 with aptitude

    - by Srisa
    Hello, Earlier i could install software by using the 'sudo aptitude install ' command. Today when i tried to install rkhunter i am getting errors. It is not just rkhunter, i am not able to install anything. Here is the text output: user@server:~$ sudo aptitude install rkhunter ................ ................ 20% [3 rkhunter 947/271kB 0%] Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com karmic/universe unhide 20080519-4 [832kB] 40% [4 unhide 2955/832kB 0%] 100% [Working] Fetched 1394kB in 1s (825kB/s) Preconfiguring packages ... Selecting previously deselected package lsof. (Reading database ... ................ (Reading database ... 95% (Reading database ... 100% (Reading database ... 20076 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking lsof (from .../lsof_4.81.dfsg.1-1_amd64.deb) ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/lsof_4.81.dfsg.1-1_amd64.deb (--unpack): unable to create `/usr/bin/lsof.dpkg-new' (while processing `./usr/bin/lsof'): Permission denied dpkg-deb: subprocess paste killed by signal (Broken pipe) Selecting previously deselected package libmd5-perl. Unpacking libmd5-perl (from .../libmd5-perl_2.03-1_all.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package rkhunter. Unpacking rkhunter (from .../rkhunter_1.3.4-5_all.deb) ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/rkhunter_1.3.4-5_all.deb (--unpack): unable to create `/usr/bin/rkhunter.dpkg-new' (while processing `./usr/bin/rkhunter'): Permission denied dpkg-deb: subprocess paste killed by signal (Broken pipe) Selecting previously deselected package unhide. Unpacking unhide (from .../unhide_20080519-4_amd64.deb) ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/unhide_20080519-4_amd64.deb (--unpack): unable to create `/usr/sbin/unhide-posix.dpkg-new' (while processing `./usr/sbin/unhide-posix'): Permission denied dpkg-deb: subprocess paste killed by signal (Broken pipe) Processing triggers for man-db ... Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/lsof_4.81.dfsg.1-1_amd64.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/rkhunter_1.3.4-5_all.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/unhide_20080519-4_amd64.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) A package failed to install. Trying to recover: Setting up libmd5-perl (2.03-1) ... Building dependency tree... 0% Building dependency tree... 50% Building dependency tree... 50% Building dependency tree Reading state information... 0% ........... .................... I have removed some lines to reduce the text. All the error messages are in here though. My experience with linux is limited and i am not sure what the problem is or how it is to be resolved. Thanks.

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  • How much did it cost our competitor to DDoS us at 50 Gbps for two weeks?

    - by MiniQuark
    I know that this question may sound like an invalid serverfault question, but I believe that it's quite valid: the amount of time and effort that a sysadmin should spend on DDoS protection is a direct function of typical DDoS prices. Let me rephrase this: protecting a web site against small attacks is one thing, but resisting 50 Gbps of UDP flood is another and requires time & money. Deciding whether or not to spend that time & money depends on whether such an attack is likely or not, and this in turn depends on how cheap and simple such an attack is for the attacker. So here's the full story: our company has been victim to a massive DDoS attack (over 50 Gbps of UDP traffic, full-time during 2 weeks). We are pretty sure that it's one of our competitors, and we actually know which one, because we were the only two remaining competitors on a very big request for proposal, and the DDoS attack magically stopped the day we won (double hurray, by the way)! These people have proved in the past that they are very dishonest, but we know that they are not technical at all, so we believe that they simply paid for some botnet DDoS service. I would like to know how much these services typically cost, for such a large scale attack. Please do not give any link to such services, I would really hate to give these people any publicity. I understand that a hacker could very well do this for free, but what's a typical price for such an attack if our competitors paid for it through some kind of botnet service? It is really starting to scare me (if we're talking thousands of dollars here, then I am really going to freak off: who knows, they might just hire a hit-man one day?). Of course we filed a complaint, but the police says that they cannot do much about it (DDoS attacks are virtually untraceable, so they say), and our suspicions are not enough to justify them raiding our competitor's offices to search for proofs. For your information, we now changed our infrastructure to be able to sustain such attacks: we now use a major CDN service so that our servers are not directly affected by DDoS attacks. Requests for dynamic pages do get proxied to our servers, but for low level attacks (UDP flood, or Syn floods, for example) we only receive legitimate trafic, so we're fine. If they decide to launch higher level attacks (HTTP flood or slowloris attacks for example), most of the load should be handled by the CDN... at least I hope so! Thank you very much for your help.

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  • libreadline history lines combine

    - by jettero
    This has been driving me crazy for about three years. I don't know how to fully describe the problem, but I think I can finally describe a way to recreate it. Your milage may vary. I have a mixture of ubuntu server and desktop machines of various versions and a few gentoo machines with various states of disrepair. They all seem to kindof do their own thing, although with similarities. Try this and let me know if you see the same thing. pop open two xterms (TERM=xterm) resize one so they're not the same issue screen -R test1 in one (TERM=screen) and screen -x test1 in the other hooray, typing in one shows up in the other; although notice that their different size produces artifacts and things issue a couple commands in your shell hit ^AF in the one that doesn't fit quite right, now it fits!! scroll back over the history a little goto 6 Eventually you'll notice a couple history lines combine. If you don't, then it's something unique to my setup, which spans various distributions and computers; so that's a confusing concept to me. If you see the thing I'm seeing then this: bash$ ls -al bash$ ps auxfw becomes this: bash$ ls -al; ps auxfw It doesn't happen every time. I have to really play with it — unless I don't want it to happen, then it always does. On some systems (or combinations), I get a line separator like the example above. On some systems, I do not. That I get the line separator on some systems seems to indicate to me that bash supports this behavior. Its history is entirely handled by libreadline and after perusing (ie, carefully reading) the man pages, I couldn't find a single readline setting for combining two history lines. Nor can I find anything in the bash manpage. So, how can I invoke this on purpose? Or, if I can't do that, how can I disable it completely? I would take either answer as a solution. Currently, I only see it when I don't want it.

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  • Emails not being delivered

    - by Tomtiger11
    Comment pointed out that this may fix my problem, and it did: Why don't mails show up in the recipient's mailspool? I use Postfix with Dovecot, and when I send an email from my gmail to my server, it is received at the server, but not at my email client using POP3. I can verify it being received at the server using the mail command. This is my main.cf: queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix command_directory = /usr/sbin daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix data_directory = /var/lib/postfix mail_owner = postfix myhostname = tom4u.eu myorigin = $myhostname inet_interfaces = all inet_protocols = all unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550 relay_domains = $mydomain alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases debug_peer_level = 2 debugger_command = PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5 sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix setgid_group = postdrop html_directory = no manpage_directory = /usr/share/man sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/samples readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/README_FILES smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/certs/cert.pem milter_protocol = 2 milter_default_action = accept smtpd_milters = inet:localhost:8891 non_smtpd_milters = inet:localhost:8891 smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_non_fqdn_recipient,permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_mynetworks,reject_unauth_destination,permit broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth If you could help me with this, I'd be most grateful, if you need any more information, please ask. var/log/maillog: May 30 22:44:25 tom4u postfix/smtpd[18626]: connect from mail-we0-f181.google.com[74.125.82.181] May 30 22:44:25 tom4u postfix/smtpd[18626]: 318F679B7F: client=mail-we0-f181.google.com[74.125.82.181] May 30 22:44:25 tom4u postfix/cleanup[18631]: 318F679B7F: message-id=<CAA_0zdxY-WUFGOC57K_yVn0G+5hN=8KSXuohJqMDB5Rm7bqu8w@mail.gmail.com> May 30 22:44:25 tom4u opendkim[15006]: 318F679B7F: mail-we0-f181.google.com [74.125.82.181] not internal May 30 22:44:25 tom4u opendkim[15006]: 318F679B7F: not authenticated May 30 22:44:25 tom4u opendkim[15006]: 318F679B7F: DKIM verification successful May 30 22:44:25 tom4u opendkim[15006]: 318F679B7F: s=20120113 d=gmail.com SSL May 30 22:44:25 tom4u postfix/qmgr[16282]: 318F679B7F: from=<[email protected]>, size=1720, nrcpt=1 (queue active) May 30 22:44:25 tom4u postfix/smtpd[18626]: disconnect from mail-we0-f181.google.com[74.125.82.181] May 30 22:44:25 tom4u postfix/local[18632]: 318F679B7F: to=<[email protected]>, relay=local, delay=0.17, delays=0.12/0.01/0/0.03, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (delivered to mailbox) May 30 22:44:25 tom4u postfix/qmgr[16282]: 318F679B7F: removed May 30 22:45:32 tom4u dovecot: pop3-login: Login: user=<tom>, method=PLAIN, rip=SNIP, lip=176.31.127.165, mpid=18679 May 30 22:45:32 tom4u dovecot: pop3(tom): Disconnected: Logged out top=0/0, retr=0/0, del=0/0, size=0 May 30 22:46:32 tom4u dovecot: pop3-login: Login: user=<tom>, method=PLAIN, rip=SNIP, lip=176.31.127.165, mpid=18725 May 30 22:46:32 tom4u dovecot: pop3(tom): Disconnected: Logged out top=0/0, retr=0/0, del=0/0, size=0

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  • inews failed: "No colon-space in "X-MS-TNEF-Correlator:"

    - by wolfgangsz
    We run a news server for our engineering teams, which is also linked to the code repositories (so that all engineers can subscribe to any changes in the repos or just the projects they are interested in). On quite a regular basis (several times a day) I (as the sysadmin for that server) receive bounces from innd with the above as the first line. The news server simply rejects these messages and the articles don't get posted. Here is an example: inews failed: inews: cannot send article to server: 441 437 No colon-space in "X-MS-TNEF-Correlator:" header inews: article not posted -------- Article Contents Path: aminocom.com!ctaylor From: [email protected] (Cameron Taylor) Newsgroups: amino.qa.reports Content-Language: en-US Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="_000_A2AB95742ADD524795C13EDE8F8CCD201A798C0Eukswaex01_" MIME-Version: 1.0 Subject: [QA REPORT] MDK 400 release 3.4.33 **PRE-RELEASE** Message-ID: Date: Thu, 9 Sep 2010 16:15:16 +0000 X-Received: from uk-swa-ex02.aminocom.com (uk-swa-ex02.aminocom.com [10.171.3.10]) by theoline.aminocom.com (8.14.3/8.13.8) with ESMTP id o89GF8tx019494 for ; Thu, 9 Sep 2010 17:15:08 +0100 X-Received: from uk-swa-ex01.aminocom.com ([10.171.3.9]) by uk-swa-ex02 ([10.171.3.10]) with mapi; Thu, 9 Sep 2010 17:15:18 +0100 X-To: QA Reports X-Thread-Topic: [QA REPORT] MDK 400 release 3.4.33 **PRE-RELEASE** X-Thread-Index: ActQOjBdms0CSJsORNSxRIMSZ4H3Ow== X-Accept-Language: en-US, en-GB X-MS-Has-Attach: X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: X-Auto-Response-Suppress: DR, OOF, AutoReply --_000_A2AB95742ADD524795C13EDE8F8CCD201A798C0Eukswaex01_ Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable SQA Test Report [QA REPORT] MDK 400 release 3.4.33 **PRE-RELEASE** Status .... (rest of the message is not important) And yes, quite clearly this header doesn't have anything after the colon. The man page for innd doesn't specify why it rejects these messages, it just says it rejects them. So far I have found out these headers are linked to messages in RTF format (coming from Outlook clients), where normally the formatting information would be stored in a winmail.dat attachment. The clients all use MS Exchange 2010 servers to send their mail (identified above as uk-swa-ex02.aminocom.com) which forwards the message to the news server. Does anybody know what advice I need to give these users to avoid their articles getting bounced? Or can I change the behaviour of innd? Or do I need to filter these headers out before innd processes the articles?

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  • Linux filesystem with inodes close on the disk

    - by pts
    I'd like to make the ls -laR /media/myfs on Linux as fast as possible. I'll have 1 million files on the filesystem, 2TB of total file size, and some directories containing as much as 10000 files. Which filesystem should I use and how should I configure it? As far as I understand, the reason why ls -laR is slow because it has to stat(2) each inode (i.e. 1 million stat(2)s), and since inodes are distributed randomly on the disk, each stat(2) needs one disk seek. Here are some solutions I had in mind, none of which I am satisfied with: Create the filesystem on an SSD, because the seek operations on SSDs are fast. This wouldn't work, because a 2TB SSD doesn't exist, or it's prohibitively expensive. Create a filesystem which spans on two block devices: an SSD and a disk; the disk contains file data, and the SSD contains all the metadata (including directory entries, inodes and POSIX extended attributes). Is there a filesystem which supports this? Would it survive a system crash (power outage)? Use find /media/myfs on ext2, ext3 or ext4, instead of ls -laR /media/myfs, because the former can the advantage of the d_type field (see in the getdents(2) man page), so it doesn't have to stat. Unfortunately, this doesn't meet my requirements, because I need all file sizes as well, which find /media/myfs doesn't print. Use a filesystem, such as VFAT, which stores inodes in the directory entries. I'd love this one, but VFAT is not reliable and flexible enough for me, and I don't know of any other filesystem which does that. Do you? Of course, storing inodes in the directory entries wouldn't work for files with a link count more than 1, but that's not a problem since I have only a few dozen such files in my use case. Adjust some settings in /proc or sysctl so that inodes are locked to system memory forever. This would not speed up the first ls -laR /media/myfs, but it would make all subsequent invocations amazingly fast. How can I do this? I don't like this idea, because it doesn't speed up the first invocation, which currently takes 30 minutes. Also I'd like to lock the POSIX extended attributes in memory as well. What do I have to do for that? Use a filesystem which has an online defragmentation tool, which can be instructed to relocate inodes to the the beginning of the block device. Once the relocation is done, I can run dd if=/dev/sdb of=/dev/null bs=1M count=256 to get the beginning of the block device fetched to the kernel in-memory cache without seeking, and then the stat(2) operations would be fast, because they read from the cache. Is there a way to lock those inodes and/or blocks into memory once they have been read? Which filesystem has such a defragmentation tool?

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  • Running an rsync sweep before initializing lsyncd for synchronizing instances on EC2

    - by chrisallenlane
    My company uses several EC2 servers that will scale up and down according to the load we're receiving on our sites at any given moment. For the sake of our discussion here, we're running four instances: master.ourdomain.com - the file syncing "hub" of the webservers www1/www2/www3.ourdomain.com - three webservers which turn on or off as dictated by load I'm using lsyncd to keep all of the webservers in sync, and for the most part, it's working quite well. We're using a two-way syncing scheme, such that each webserver syncs against master, and master syncs against each webserver. Thus, the webservers are kept in sync, even though they aren't syncing against each other directly. I'm having one problem that I'm having a hard time solving,though. It occurs under these circumstances: When changes are made on master (perhaps after we've pushed new code), while some of the redundant webservers are sleeping And then a sleeping webserver wakes-up to absorb load Under that circumstance, I would like the following to happen: First, the newly-awoken webserver should sync its file structure - one way - against master, to bring its web application code up-to-date. Then, and only then, should it begin pushing changes in its file structure back to master. Unfortunately, currently, when a sleeping server is started, when lsyncd starts up, it pushes changes back to master before updating its own codebase, thus overwriting new code with old. Thus, before lsyncd starts, I'd like to be able to synchronize the webservers code against master's, perhaps by running a simple one-way rsync against the two machines. We're running lsyncd v.2, and I've tried to make this happen by using the "bash" configuration options documented in the lsyncd manual. My configuration file looks like this: settings = { logfile = "/home/user/log/lsyncd/log.txt", statusFile = "/home/user/log/lsyncd/status.txt", maxProcesses = 2, nodaemon = false, } bash = { onStartup = "rsync [email protected]:/home/user/www /home/user/www" } sync{ default.rsyncssh, source="/home/user/www/", host="[email protected]", targetdir="/home/user/www/", rsyncOpts="-ltus", excludeFrom="/home/user/conf/lsyncd/exclude" } (I've obviously redacted that file somewhat to protect the identities of the guilty.) Simply put, though, this just isn't working. How else might I approach this problem? I was looking at the --delete-after option in man rsync, but I don't think that does what I'm looking for. Are there any suggestions about how I should approach this problem? Thanks for lending your time and expertise. Chris

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  • Puppet and launchd services?

    - by Joel Westberg
    We have a production environment configured with Puppet, and want to be able to set up a similar environment on our development machines: a mix of Red Hats, Ubuntus and OSX. As might be expected, OSX is the odd man out here, and sadly, I'm having a lot of trouble with getting this to work. My first attempt was using macports, using the following declaration: package { 'rabbitmq-server': ensure => installed, provider => macports, } but this, sadly, generates the following error: Error: /Stage[main]/Rabbitmq/Package[rabbitmq-server]: Could not evaluate: Execution of '/opt/local/bin/port -q installed rabbitmq-server' returned 1: usage: cut -b list [-n] [file ...] cut -c list [file ...] cut -f list [-s] [-d delim] [file ...] while executing "exec dscl -q . -read /Users/$env(SUDO_USER) NFSHomeDirectory | cut -d ' ' -f 2" (procedure "mportinit" line 95) invoked from within "mportinit ui_options global_options global_variations" Next up, I figured I'd give homebrew a try. There is no package provider available by default, but puppet-homebrew seemed promising. Here, I got much farther, and actually managed to get the install to work. package { 'rabbitmq': ensure => installed, provider => brew, } file { "plist": path => "/Library/LaunchDaemons/homebrew.mxcl.rabbitmq.plist", source => "/usr/local/opt/rabbitmq/homebrew.mxcl.rabbitmq.plist", ensure => present, owner => root, group => wheel, mode => 0644, } service { "homebrew.mxcl.rabbitmq": enable => true, ensure => running, provider => "launchd", require => [ File["/Library/LaunchDaemons/homebrew.mxcl.rabbitmq.plist"] ], } Here, I don't get any error. But RabbitMQ doesn't start either (as it does if I do a manual load with launchctl) [... snip ...] Debug: Executing '/bin/launchctl list' Debug: Executing '/usr/bin/plutil -convert xml1 -o /dev/stdout /Library/LaunchDaemons/homebrew.mxcl.rabbitmq.plist' Debug: Executing '/usr/bin/plutil -convert xml1 -o /dev/stdout /var/db/launchd.db/com.apple.launchd/overrides.plist' Debug: /Schedule[weekly]: Skipping device resources because running on a host Debug: /Schedule[puppet]: Skipping device resources because running on a host Debug: Finishing transaction 2248294820 Debug: Storing state Debug: Stored state in 0.01 seconds Finished catalog run in 25.90 seconds What am I doing wrong?

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  • Postfix issues sending mail to addresses under domain located on server

    - by iamthewit
    I recently installed virtualmin on my nice shiny new rackspace cloud. Everything went seemlessly but I've been having some issues getting emails to send properly. The problem seems to be that the server can not send mail to email addresses where the domain is owned by my server. For example, on my server I run multiple virtual domains, lets call this one test.com. When I run the mail command from shell (mail [email protected]) I get the following back from my maillog: Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/pickup[8737]: DC1131612CC: uid=0 from= Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/cleanup[8769]: DC1131612CC: [email protected] Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/qmgr[8738]: DC1131612CC: [email protected], size=353, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/error[8771]: DC1131612CC: [email protected], relay=none, delay=0, delays=0/0/0/0, dsn=5.0.0, status=bounced (User unknown in virtual alias table) Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/cleanup[8769]: DD07D1612D1: [email protected] Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/bounce[8772]: DC1131612CC: sender non-delivery notification: DD07D1612D1 Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/qmgr[8738]: DD07D1612D1: from=<, size=2268, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/qmgr[8738]: DC1131612CC: removed Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/local[8773]: DD07D1612D1: [email protected], relay=local, delay=0.03, delays=0/0/0/0.03, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (delivered to command: /usr/bin/procmail-wrapper -o -a $DOMAIN -d $LOGNAME) Oct 6 14:55:18 test postfix/qmgr[8738]: DD07D1612D1: removed when I run mail [email protected] the message is sent and received perfectly fine. I'm a bit of a noob when it comes to servers, but I pick things up fairly quickly, so please excuse any incorrect terminology and my general noobiness. Any help would be greatly appreciated, I've been googling for quite a while but I haven't found a solution yet, I'll add a copy of my main.cf file in a response below cheers guys here is the reformatted postconf, do you want the reformatted main.cf file too, or is this enough? alias_database = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes command_directory = /usr/sbin config_directory = /etc/postfix daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix debug_peer_level = 2 home_mailbox = Maildir/ html_directory = no mailbox_command = /usr/bin/procmail-wrapper -o -a $DOMAIN -d $LOGNAME mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix manpage_directory = /usr/share/man myhostname = server.test.com newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.3.3/README_FILES sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.3.3/samples sender_bcc_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/bcc sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix setgid_group = postdrop smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated reject_unauth_destination smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550 virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual

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  • How to create NTFS partition in Linux to install Windows 7 from USB?

    - by Michal Stefanow
    I messed up with my computer and need help. Generally: install Windows 7 from USB. Problem: "setup was unable to create a new system partition" When first attempt to install Windows 7 failed I tried Linux live USB, installed distro to HDD, and erased all the existing partitions. Current state (fdisk -l): [writing from other computer so no copy and paste] /dev/sda1 305GB Linux /dev/sda2 7GB Extended /dev/sda5 7GB Linux Swam / Solaris To create a new, NTFS partition: fdisk /dev/sda n (for new) p (for primary) 3 (for partintion number) "No free sectors available" All the HDD was formatted couple of minutes before so there is a lot of free space but how to resize a parition? I cannot find an option for resizing in man fdisk. Some people say I should use gparted but my distro doesn't not contain this package. And my distro doesn't support wireless drivers so I have serious problems with downloading stuff. I tried also using cfdisk but any command results in: "cfdisk bad primary partition 1 partition ends in the final partial cylinder" I tried also removing partition 1 and then creating a new one (so there is no "no free sectors"). I'm receiving a warning: "Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot." After restating: "grub rescue, no known filesystem" It may indicate that some changes have been made BUT when running Windows 7 installed some another error: "Windows cannot be installed to Disk 0 Partition 1" More detailed: "Windows cannot be installed to this hard disk space. Windows must be installed to a partition formatted as NTFS." So formatting drive using Windows 7 installer BUT this time yet another error: "Setup was unable to create a new system partition or locate an existing system partition. See the setup log files for more information" Apparently I cannot access logs (how?) and I am back to drawing board with my live USB (this time showing partition as HPFS/NTFS). Any suggestions how to install Windows 7? Should I reinstall Linux to HDD, erase existing partitions once again, and use Parted rather than gparted (parted is included in the distro). Or maybe should I create another bootable USB such as PartedMagic to painlessly create partitions? I just want to install Windows 7 from USB, my laptop is semi-operational and I am ready to receive some help regarding fdisk and creating NTFS partitions. UPDATE: I did as suggested (removed all the partitions) and tried to install in unallocated space. Tried to create a new partition and format it. Same error: "setup was unable to create a new system partition" Came to the conclusion it may have something to do with TrueCrypt I have recently installed. Right now trying to FIX MBR (as I haven't got possibility to create rescue disc without optical drive)

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  • How to disable or tune filesystem cache sharing for OpenVZ?

    - by gertvdijk
    For OpenVZ, an example of container-based virtualization, it seems that host and all guests are sharing the filesystem cache. This sounds paradoxical when talking about virtualization, but this is actually a feature of OpenVZ. It makes sense too. Because only one kernel is running, it's possible to benefit from sharing the same pages of filesystem cache in memory. And while it sounds beneficial, I think a set up here actually suffers in performance from it. Here's why I think why: my machines aren't actually sharing any files on disk so I can't benefit from this feature in OpenVZ. Several OpenVZ machines are running MySQL with MyISAM tables. MyISAM relies on the system's filesystem cache for caching of data files, unlike InnoDB's buffer pool. Also some virtual machines are known to do heavy and large I/O operations on the same filesystem in the host. For example, when running cat *.MYD > /dev/null on some large database in one machine, I saw the filesystem cache lowering in another, monitored by htop. This essentially flushes all the useful filesystem cache in guests (FIFO) and so it flushes the MySQL caches in the guests. Now users are complaining that MySQL is very slow. And it is. Some simple SELECT queries take several seconds on times disk I/O is heavily used by other machines. So, simply put: Is there a way to avoid filesystem cache being wiped out by other virtual machines in container-based virtualization? Some thoughts: Choosing algorithm for flushing filesystem cache in the kernel. (possible? how?) Reserving a certain amount of pages for a single VM. (seems no option for filesystem cache type of pages that reading man vzctl) Will running MySQL on another filesystem get me anywhere? If not, I think my alternatives are: Use KVM for MySQL-MyISAM running VMs. KVM actually assigns memory to the VM and does not allow swapping out caches unless using a balloon driver. Move to InnoDB and tune the buffer pools, dirty pages, etc. This is now considered to be 'nice to have' on the long-term as not everyone responsible for administration of the system understands InnoDB. more suggestions welcome. System software: Proxmox (now 1.9, could be upgraded to 2.x). One big LV assigned for the VMs.

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  • Why do I sometimes get 'sh: $'\302\211 ... ': command not found' in xterm/sh?

    - by amn
    Sometimes when I simply type a valid command like 'find ...', or anything really, I get back the following, which is completely unexpected and confusing (... is command name I type): sh: $'\302\211...': command not found There is some corruption going on I think. I don't use color in my prompt, I am using the Bash shell in POSIX mode as sh (chsh to /bin/sh and so on - $SHELL is sh). What is going on and why does this keep happening? Anything I can debug? I think this is more of an xterm issue than sh, or at least a combination of the two. Files, for context: My /etc/profile, as distributed with Arch Linux x86-64: # /etc/profile #Set our umask umask 022 # Set our default path PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin" export PATH # Load profiles from /etc/profile.d if test -d /etc/profile.d/; then for profile in /etc/profile.d/*.sh; do test -r "$profile" && . "$profile" done unset profile fi # Source global bash config if test "$PS1" && test "$BASH" && test -r /etc/bash.bashrc; then . /etc/bash.bashrc fi # Termcap is outdated, old, and crusty, kill it. unset TERMCAP # Man is much better than us at figuring this out unset MANPATH My /etc/shrc, which I created as a way to have sh parse some file on startup, when non-login shell. This is achieved using ENV variable set in /etc/environment with the line ENV=/etc/shrc: PS1='\u@\H \w \$ ' alias ls='ls -F --color' alias grep='grep -i --color' [ -f ~/.shrc ] && . ~/.shrc My ~/.profile, I am launching X when logging in through first virtual tty: [[ -z $DISPLAY && $XDG_VTNR -eq 1 ]] && exec xinit -- -dpi 111 My ~/.xinitc, as you can see I am using the system as a Virtual Box guest: xrdb -merge ~/.Xresources VBoxClient-all awesome & exec xterm And finally, my ~/.Xresources, no fancy stuff here I guess: *faceName: Inconsolata *faceSize: 10 xterm*VT100*translations: #override <Btn1Up>: select-end(PRIMARY, CLIPBOARD, CUT_BUFFER0) xterm*colorBDMode: true xterm*colorBD: #ff8000 xterm*cursorColor: S_red Since ~/.profile references among other things /etc/bash.bashrc, here is its content: # # /etc/bash.bashrc # # If not running interactively, don't do anything [[ $- != *i* ]] && return PS1='[\u@\h \W]\$ ' PS2='> ' PS3='> ' PS4='+ ' case ${TERM} in xterm*|rxvt*|Eterm|aterm|kterm|gnome*) PROMPT_COMMAND=${PROMPT_COMMAND:+$PROMPT_COMMAND; }'printf "\033]0;%s@%s:%s\007" "${USER}" "${HOSTNAME%%.*}" "${PWD/#$HOME/~}"' ;; screen) PROMPT_COMMAND=${PROMPT_COMMAND:+$PROMPT_COMMAND; }'printf "\033_%s@%s:%s\033\\" "${USER}" "${HOSTNAME%%.*}" "${PWD/#$HOME/~}"' ;; esac [ -r /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ] && . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion I have no idea what that case statement does, by the way, it does look a bit suspicious though, but then again, who am I to know.

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  • Ubuntu and Postfix Configuration Issues

    - by Obi Hill
    I recently installed postfix on Ubuntu Natty. I'm having a problem with the configuration. Firstly here is my postfix configuration file: # Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first # line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default # is /etc/mailname. myorigin = /etc/mailname smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) biff = no # appending .domain is the MUA's job. append_dot_mydomain = no # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings delay_warning_time = 4h readme_directory = no # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client. mydomain = $myorigin myhostname = mail.nairanode.com alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases # this specifies where the virtual mailbox folders will be located virtual_mailbox_base = /var/spool/mail/virtual # this specifies where the virtual mailbox folders will be located virtual_mailbox_base = /var/spool/mail/virtual # this is for the mailbox location for each user virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_mailbox.cf # and this is for aliases virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_alias.cf # and this is for domain lookups virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_domains.cf # this is how to connect to the domains (all virtual, but the option is there) # not used yet # transport_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_transport.cf virtual_uid_maps = static:5000 virtual_gid_maps = static:5000 mydestination = $myorigin, $myhostname, localhost.localdomain, , localhost relayhost = mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all #mynetworks_style = host # ADDITIONAL unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550 maximal_queue_lifetime = 7d minimal_backoff_time = 1000s maximal_backoff_time = 8000s smtp_helo_timeout = 60s smtpd_recipient_limit = 16 smtpd_soft_error_limit = 3 smtpd_hard_error_limit = 12 # Requirements for the HELO statement smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_invalid_hostname, permit # Requirements for the sender details smtpd_sender_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, warn_if_reject reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unauth_$ # Requirements for the connecting server smtpd_client_restrictions = reject_rbl_client sbl.spamhaus.org, reject_rbl_client blackholes.easynet.nl, reject_rbl_client dnsbl.n$ # Requirement for the recipient address smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_mynetworks, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_do$ # require proper helo at connections smtpd_helo_required = yes # waste spammers time before rejecting them smtpd_delay_reject = yes disable_vrfy_command = yes Here is also my /etc/postfix/aliases: # See man 5 aliases for format postmaster: root Here is also my /etc/mailname: nairanode.com I've also updated my hostname to nairanode.com However, when I run postalias /etc/postfix/aliases I get the following : postalias: warning: valid_hostname: invalid character 47(decimal): /etc/mailname postalias: fatal: file /etc/postfix/main.cf: parameter mydomain: bad parameter value: /etc/mailname Is there something I'm doing wrong?! I noticed that when I replace myorigin = /etc/mailname with myorigin = nairanode.com in my postfix config, I don't see any errors anymore after calling postalias. Is this a bug or something?!

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