kole odd - Page 84 - Developer IT

C++ 2d Array Class Function Call Help

- by johnny-conrad

I hope this question takes a simple fix, and I am just missing something very small. I am in my second semester of C++ in college, and we are just getting into OOP. This is my first OOP program, and it is causing me a little problem. Here are the errors I am getting: Member function must be called or its address taken in function displayGrid(int,Cell ( *)[20]) Member function must be called or its address taken in function Turn(int,int,Cell ( *)[20]) Member function must be called or its address taken in function Turn(int,int,Cell ( *)[20]) Warning: Parameter 'grid' is never used in function displayGrid(int,Cell ( *)[20]) Here is all of my code. I am aware It is much more code than necessary, sorry if it makes it more difficult. I was worried that I might accidentally delete something. const int MAX=20; //Struct Cell holds player and their symbol. class Cell { private: int Player; char Symbol; public: Cell(void); void setPlayer(int); void setSymbol(char); int getPlayer(void); char getSymbol(void); }; Cell::Cell(void) { Symbol ='-'; } void Cell::setPlayer(int player_num) { Player = player_num; } void Cell::setSymbol(char rps) { Symbol = rps; } int Cell::getPlayer(void) { return Player; } char Cell::getSymbol(void) { return Symbol; } void Turn(int, int, Cell[MAX][MAX]); void displayGrid(int, Cell[MAX][MAX]); void main(void) { int size; cout << "How big would you like the grid to be: "; cin >> size; //Checks to see valid grid size while(size>MAX || size<3) { cout << "Grid size must between 20 and 3." << endl; cout << "Please re-enter the grid size: "; cin >> size; } int cnt=1; int full; Cell grid[MAX][MAX]; //I use full to detect when the game is over by squaring size. full = size*size; cout << "Starting a new game." << endl; //Exits loop when cnt reaches full. while(cnt<full+1) { displayGrid(size, grid); //calls function to display grid if(cnt%2==0) //if cnt is even then it's 2nd players turn cout << "Player 2's turn." << endl; else cout << "Player 1's turn" << endl; Turn(size, cnt, grid); //calls Turn do each players turn cnt++; } cout << endl; cout << "Board is full... Game Over" << endl; } void displayGrid(int size, Cell grid[MAX][MAX]) { cout << endl; cout << " "; for(int x=1; x<size+1; x++) // prints first row cout << setw(3) << x; // of numbers. cout << endl; //Nested-For prints the grid. for(int i=1; i<size+1; i++) { cout << setw(2) << i; for(int c=1; c<size+1; c++) { cout << setw(3) << grid[i][c].getSymbol; } cout << endl; } cout << endl; } void Turn(int size, int cnt, Cell grid[MAX][MAX]) { char temp; char choice; int row=0; int column=0; cout << "Enter the Row: "; cin >> row; cout << "Enter the Column: "; cin >> column; //puts what is in the current cell in "temp" temp = grid[row][column].getSymbol; //Checks to see if temp is occupied or not while(temp!='-') { cout << "Cell space is Occupied..." << endl; cout << "Enter the Row: "; cin >> row; cout << "Enter the Column: "; cin >> column; temp = grid[row][column].getSymbol; //exits loop when finally correct } if(cnt%2==0) //if cnt is even then its player 2's turn { cout << "Enter your Symbol R, P, or S (Capitals): "; cin >> choice; grid[row][column].setPlayer(1); in >> choice; } //officially sets choice to grid cell grid[row][column].setSymbol(choice); } else //if cnt is odd then its player 1's turn { cout << "Enter your Symbol r, p, or s (Lower-Case): "; cin >> choice; grid[row][column].setPlayer(2); //checks for valid input by user1 while(choice!= 'r' && choice!='p' && choice!='s') { cout << "Invalid Symbol... Please Re-Enter: "; cin >> choice; } //officially sets choice to grid cell. grid[row][column].setSymbol(choice); } cout << endl; } Thanks alot for your help!

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how to pass an id number string to this class

- by Phil

I'm very much a vb person, but have had to use this id number class in c#. I got it from http://www.codingsanity.com/idnumber.htm : using System; using System.Text.RegularExpressions; namespace Utilities.SouthAfrica { /// <summary> /// Represents a South African Identity Number. /// valid number = 7707215230080 /// invalid test number = 1234567891234 /// /// </summary> [Serializable()] public class IdentityNumber { #region Enumerations /// <summary> /// Indicates a gender. /// </summary> public enum PersonGender { Female = 0, Male = 5 } public enum PersonCitizenship { SouthAfrican = 0, Foreign = 1 } #endregion #region Declarations static Regex _expression; Match _match; const string _IDExpression = @"(?<Year>[0-9][0-9])(?<Month>([0][1-9])|([1][0-2]))(?<Day>([0-2][0-9])|([3][0-1]))(?<Gender>[0-9])(?<Series>[0-9]{3})(?<Citizenship>[0-9])(?<Uniform>[0-9])(?<Control>[0-9])"; #endregion #region Constuctors /// <summary> /// Sets up the shared objects for ID validation. /// </summary> static IdentityNumber() { _expression = new Regex(_IDExpression, RegexOptions.Compiled | RegexOptions.Singleline); } /// <summary> /// Creates the ID number from a string. /// </summary> /// <param name="IDNumber">The string ID number.</param> public IdentityNumber(string IDNumber) { _match = _expression.Match(IDNumber.Trim()); } #endregion #region Properties /// <summary> /// Indicates the date of birth encoded in the ID Number. /// </summary> /// <exception cref="System.ArgumentException">Thrown if the ID Number is not usable.</exception> public DateTime DateOfBirth { get { if(IsUsable == false) { throw new ArgumentException("ID Number is unusable!", "IDNumber"); } int year = int.Parse(_match.Groups["Year"].Value); // NOTE: Do not optimize by moving these to static, otherwise the calculation may be incorrect // over year changes, especially century changes. int currentCentury = int.Parse(DateTime.Now.Year.ToString().Substring(0, 2) + "00"); int lastCentury = currentCentury - 100; int currentYear = int.Parse(DateTime.Now.Year.ToString().Substring(2, 2)); // If the year is after or at the current YY, then add last century to it, otherwise add // this century. // TODO: YY -> YYYY logic needs thinking about if(year > currentYear) { year += lastCentury; } else { year += currentCentury; } return new DateTime(year, int.Parse(_match.Groups["Month"].Value), int.Parse(_match.Groups["Day"].Value)); } } /// <summary> /// Indicates the gender for the ID number. /// </summary> /// <exception cref="System.ArgumentException">Thrown if the ID Number is not usable.</exception> public PersonGender Gender { get { if(IsUsable == false) { throw new ArgumentException("ID Number is unusable!", "IDNumber"); } int gender = int.Parse(_match.Groups["Gender"].Value); if(gender < (int) PersonGender.Male) { return PersonGender.Female; } else { return PersonGender.Male; } } } /// <summary> /// Indicates the citizenship for the ID number. /// </summary> /// <exception cref="System.ArgumentException">Thrown if the ID Number is not usable.</exception> public PersonCitizenship Citizenship { get { if(IsUsable == false) { throw new ArgumentException("ID Number is unusable!", "IDNumber"); } return (PersonCitizenship) Enum.Parse(typeof(PersonCitizenship), _match.Groups["Citizenship"].Value); } } /// <summary> /// Indicates if the IDNumber is usable or not. /// </summary> public bool IsUsable { get { return _match.Success; } } /// <summary> /// Indicates if the IDNumber is valid or not. /// </summary> public bool IsValid { get { if(IsUsable == true) { // Calculate total A by adding the figures in the odd positions i.e. the first, third, fifth, // seventh, ninth and eleventh digits. int a = int.Parse(_match.Value.Substring(0, 1)) + int.Parse(_match.Value.Substring(2, 1)) + int.Parse(_match.Value.Substring(4, 1)) + int.Parse(_match.Value.Substring(6, 1)) + int.Parse(_match.Value.Substring(8, 1)) + int.Parse(_match.Value.Substring(10, 1)); // Calculate total B by taking the even figures of the number as a whole number, and then // multiplying that number by 2, and then add the individual figures together. int b = int.Parse(_match.Value.Substring(1, 1) + _match.Value.Substring(3, 1) + _match.Value.Substring(5, 1) + _match.Value.Substring(7, 1) + _match.Value.Substring(9, 1) + _match.Value.Substring(11, 1)); b *= 2; string bString = b.ToString(); b = 0; for(int index = 0; index < bString.Length; index++) { b += int.Parse(bString.Substring(index, 1)); } // Calculate total C by adding total A to total B. int c = a + b; // The control-figure can now be determined by subtracting the ones in figure C from 10. string cString = c.ToString() ; cString = cString.Substring(cString.Length - 1, 1) ; int control = 0; // Where the total C is a multiple of 10, the control figure will be 0. if(cString != "0") { control = 10 - int.Parse(cString.Substring(cString.Length - 1, 1)); } if(_match.Groups["Control"].Value == control.ToString()) { return true; } } return false; } } #endregion } } Here is the code from my default.aspx.cs page: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using Utilities.Southafrica; <- this is the one i added to public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { var someNumber = new IdentityNumber("123456"); <- gives error } } Can someone please tell the syntax for how I pass an id number to the class? Thanks

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how to pass an id number string to this class (asp.net, c#)

- by Phil

I'm very much a vb person, but have had to use this id number class in c#. I got it from http://www.codingsanity.com/idnumber.htm : using System; using System.Text.RegularExpressions; namespace Utilities.SouthAfrica { /// <summary> /// Represents a South African Identity Number. /// valid number = 7707215230080 /// invalid test number = 1234567891234 /// /// </summary> [Serializable()] public class IdentityNumber { #region Enumerations /// <summary> /// Indicates a gender. /// </summary> public enum PersonGender { Female = 0, Male = 5 } public enum PersonCitizenship { SouthAfrican = 0, Foreign = 1 } #endregion #region Declarations static Regex _expression; Match _match; const string _IDExpression = @"(?<Year>[0-9][0-9])(?<Month>([0][1-9])|([1][0-2]))(?<Day>([0-2][0-9])|([3][0-1]))(?<Gender>[0-9])(?<Series>[0-9]{3})(?<Citizenship>[0-9])(?<Uniform>[0-9])(?<Control>[0-9])"; #endregion #region Constuctors /// <summary> /// Sets up the shared objects for ID validation. /// </summary> static IdentityNumber() { _expression = new Regex(_IDExpression, RegexOptions.Compiled | RegexOptions.Singleline); } /// <summary> /// Creates the ID number from a string. /// </summary> /// <param name="IDNumber">The string ID number.</param> public IdentityNumber(string IDNumber) { _match = _expression.Match(IDNumber.Trim()); } #endregion #region Properties /// <summary> /// Indicates the date of birth encoded in the ID Number. /// </summary> /// <exception cref="System.ArgumentException">Thrown if the ID Number is not usable.</exception> public DateTime DateOfBirth { get { if(IsUsable == false) { throw new ArgumentException("ID Number is unusable!", "IDNumber"); } int year = int.Parse(_match.Groups["Year"].Value); // NOTE: Do not optimize by moving these to static, otherwise the calculation may be incorrect // over year changes, especially century changes. int currentCentury = int.Parse(DateTime.Now.Year.ToString().Substring(0, 2) + "00"); int lastCentury = currentCentury - 100; int currentYear = int.Parse(DateTime.Now.Year.ToString().Substring(2, 2)); // If the year is after or at the current YY, then add last century to it, otherwise add // this century. // TODO: YY -> YYYY logic needs thinking about if(year > currentYear) { year += lastCentury; } else { year += currentCentury; } return new DateTime(year, int.Parse(_match.Groups["Month"].Value), int.Parse(_match.Groups["Day"].Value)); } } /// <summary> /// Indicates the gender for the ID number. /// </summary> /// <exception cref="System.ArgumentException">Thrown if the ID Number is not usable.</exception> public PersonGender Gender { get { if(IsUsable == false) { throw new ArgumentException("ID Number is unusable!", "IDNumber"); } int gender = int.Parse(_match.Groups["Gender"].Value); if(gender < (int) PersonGender.Male) { return PersonGender.Female; } else { return PersonGender.Male; } } } /// <summary> /// Indicates the citizenship for the ID number. /// </summary> /// <exception cref="System.ArgumentException">Thrown if the ID Number is not usable.</exception> public PersonCitizenship Citizenship { get { if(IsUsable == false) { throw new ArgumentException("ID Number is unusable!", "IDNumber"); } return (PersonCitizenship) Enum.Parse(typeof(PersonCitizenship), _match.Groups["Citizenship"].Value); } } /// <summary> /// Indicates if the IDNumber is usable or not. /// </summary> public bool IsUsable { get { return _match.Success; } } /// <summary> /// Indicates if the IDNumber is valid or not. /// </summary> public bool IsValid { get { if(IsUsable == true) { // Calculate total A by adding the figures in the odd positions i.e. the first, third, fifth, // seventh, ninth and eleventh digits. int a = int.Parse(_match.Value.Substring(0, 1)) + int.Parse(_match.Value.Substring(2, 1)) + int.Parse(_match.Value.Substring(4, 1)) + int.Parse(_match.Value.Substring(6, 1)) + int.Parse(_match.Value.Substring(8, 1)) + int.Parse(_match.Value.Substring(10, 1)); // Calculate total B by taking the even figures of the number as a whole number, and then // multiplying that number by 2, and then add the individual figures together. int b = int.Parse(_match.Value.Substring(1, 1) + _match.Value.Substring(3, 1) + _match.Value.Substring(5, 1) + _match.Value.Substring(7, 1) + _match.Value.Substring(9, 1) + _match.Value.Substring(11, 1)); b *= 2; string bString = b.ToString(); b = 0; for(int index = 0; index < bString.Length; index++) { b += int.Parse(bString.Substring(index, 1)); } // Calculate total C by adding total A to total B. int c = a + b; // The control-figure can now be determined by subtracting the ones in figure C from 10. string cString = c.ToString() ; cString = cString.Substring(cString.Length - 1, 1) ; int control = 0; // Where the total C is a multiple of 10, the control figure will be 0. if(cString != "0") { control = 10 - int.Parse(cString.Substring(cString.Length - 1, 1)); } if(_match.Groups["Control"].Value == control.ToString()) { return true; } } return false; } } #endregion } } Can someone please tell the syntax for how I pass an id number to the class? Thanks

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What is the right way to structure HTML and CSS?

- by Meke

So, I'm a script monkey at the core. Lately I seem to get stuffed into doing design too for some odd reason and, well, let's just say I should probably have studied better. Either way - What I ask is, what's the Right way to structure a website? This one has a header with links, then a block with tabs, right under another block which consists of two parts and under those a few others who I'm not at yet. However, the thing is, I need to make a block that consists of two parts that are in the same box but structured independently. I'll try to draw it up. Browser window..................-[]X ------------------------------------ |.................Header Links Here| ||Tab|Tab|Tab|_____________........| ||Tab content.............|Small...| ||........................|Section.| ||---Line signing new section------| ||........................|Another.| ||..Content Area..........|Small...| ||........................|Section.| ------------------------------------ My issue is in the division of small sections and tab/content areas. I tried using floats, making them as tables, aligning and whatnot. The putting float:left on both tables worked. Kinda. Until I tried to resize the window. So, how do you PROPERLY structure a site like this? three divs and tables? Something else? I'll clarify this again: It's the Code to use to create the look above that I'm trying to figure out the proper way to do, not the design As requested here's the current structure I have <div class="container"> <div class="topBlock"> //Header Links Here </div> <div class="inputBlock"> <ul id="tabs"> <li><a href="#strict">Strict</a></li> <li><a href="#flex">Flex</a></li> <li><a href="#multiStep">Multi-Step</a></li> </ul> <div id="strict" class="tabContent"> <table class="tableLeft"> <tr> <td>From</td> </tr> <tr> <td><input id="inputBlockFrom" type="text" placeholder="FROM"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td>To</td> </tr> <tr> <td><input id="inputBlockTo" type="text" placeholder="TO"/></td> </tr> </table> <table class="tableRight"> <tr> <td>Leave</td> </tr> <tr> <td><input id="inputBlockLeave" type="text" name="leave" placeholder="LEAVE"/></td> <td><input id="inputBlockOne" type="radio" name="one"/></td> <td>One</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Return</td> </tr> <tr> <td><input id="inputBlockReturn" type="text" name="return" placeholder="RETURN"/></td> <td><input id="inputBlockBut" type="radio" name="one" checked/></td> <td>Return</td> </tr> <tr> <td><input id="inputBlockSubmit" type="submit" value="Search"/></td> </tr> </table> </div> <div id="flex" class="tabContent"> Test Two </div> <div id="multiStep" class="tabContent"> Test Three </div> </div> <div class="mapBlock tabContent"> <table class="tableLeft"> <tr><td> <div id="map" class="google_map"></div> </td></tr> </table> <table class="tableRight smallTable"> <tr> <td>Distance</td> </tr> <tr> <td>[-------------|------------]</td> //Slider to be </tr> </table> <table class="tableRight smallTable"> <tr> <td>Choice / Choice</td> </tr> </table> <table class="tableRight"> <tr> <td>Show:</td> </tr> <tr> <td><input type="radio"/></td> <td>Price</td> <td><input type="radio"/></td> <td>Button!</td> </tr> <tr> <td><input type="radio"/></td> </tr> <tr> <td><input type="radio"/></td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> </body> Sorry if it's messed up in the whitespacing somewhere.. The CSS: body { font-size: 80%; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', Verdana, Arial, Sans-Serif; background-color: #e2edff; } .container { margin: 5px 5px 5px 5px; padding: 5px 5px 5px 5px; } .pageBlock { /* To future me: This class is for One Full Screen ideas */ min-height: 300px; } .topBlock { text-align: right; color: #000000; } .topBlock a { text-decoration: none; color: #000000; } .tableLeft { width: 75%; float: left; border-right: dotted 2px black; } .tableRight { float: left; overflow: auto; } .smallTable { border-bottom: 1px dotted #c9c3ba; } .google_map { height: 270px; width: 100%; }

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Problem with java and conditional (game of life)

- by Muad'Dib

Hello everybody, I'm trying to implement The Game of Life in java, as an exercise to learn this language. Unfortunately I have a problem, as I don't seem able to make this program run correctly. I implemented a torodial sum (the plane is a donut) with no problem: int SumNeighbours (int i, int j) { int value = 0; value = world[( i - 1 + row ) % row][( j - 1 + column ) % column]+world[( i - 1 + row ) % row][j]+world[( i - 1 + row ) % row][( j + 1 ) % column]; value = value + world[i][( j - 1 + column ) % column] + world[i][( j + 1 ) % column]; value = value + world[( i + 1 ) % row][( j - 1 + column ) % column] + world[( i + 1 ) % row][j]+world[ ( i+1 ) % row ][( j + 1 ) % column]; return value; } And it sums correctly when I test it: void NextWorldTest () { int count; int [][] nextWorld = new int[row][row]; nextWorld = world; for (int i=0; i<row; i++) { for (int j=0; j<column; j++) { count = SumNeighbours(i,j); System.out.print(" " + count + " "); } System.out.println(); } world=nextWorld; } Unfortunately when I add the conditions of game of life (born/death) the program stop working correctly, as it seems not able anymore to count correctly the alive cells in the neighborhood. It counts where there are none, and it doesn't count when there are some. E.g.: it doesn't count the one below some living cells. It's a very odd behaviour, and it's been giving me a headache for 3 days now... maybe I'm missing something basic about variables? Here you can find the class. void NextWorld () { int count; int [][] nextWorld = new int[row][column]; nextWorld = world; for (int i=0; i<row; i++) { for (int j=0; j<column; j++) { count = SumNeighbours(i,j); System.out.print(" " + count + " "); if ( ( world[i][j] == 0) && ( count == 3 ) ) { nextWorld[i][j] = 1; } else if ( ( world[i][j] == 1 ) && ( (count == 3) || (count == 2) )) { nextWorld[i][j] = 1; } else { nextWorld[i][j]=0; } } System.out.println(); } world=nextWorld; } } Am I doing something wrong? Below you can find the full package. package com.GaOL; public class GameWorld { int [][] world; int row; int column; public int GetRow() { return row; } public int GetColumn() { return column; } public int GetWorld (int i, int j) { return world[i][j]; } void RandomGen (int size, double p1) { double randomCell; row = size; column = size; world = new int[row][column]; for (int i = 0; i<row; i++ ) { for (int j = 0; j<column; j++ ) { randomCell=Math.random(); if (randomCell < 1-p1) { world[i][j] = 0; } else { world[i][j] = 1; } } } } void printToConsole() { double test = 0; for (int i=0; i<row; i++) { for (int j=0; j<column; j++) { if ( world[i][j] == 0 ) { System.out.print(" "); } else { System.out.print(" * "); test++; } } System.out.println(""); } System.out.println("ratio is " + test/(row*column)); } int SumNeighbours (int i, int j) { int value = 0; value = world[( i - 1 + row ) % row][( j - 1 + column ) % column]+world[( i - 1 + row ) % row][j]+world[( i - 1 + row ) % row][( j + 1 ) % column]; value = value + world[i][( j - 1 + column ) % column] + world[i][( j + 1 ) % column]; value = value + world[( i + 1 ) % row][( j - 1 + column ) % column] + world[( i + 1 ) % row][j]+world[ ( i+1 ) % row ][( j + 1 ) % column]; return value; } void NextWorldTest () { int count; int [][] nextWorld = new int[row][row]; nextWorld = world; for (int i=0; i<row; i++) { for (int j=0; j<column; j++) { count = SumNeighbours(i,j); System.out.print(" " + count + " "); } System.out.println(); } world=nextWorld; } void NextWorld () { int count; int [][] nextWorld = new int[row][column]; nextWorld = world; for (int i=0; i<row; i++) { for (int j=0; j<column; j++) { count = SumNeighbours(i,j); System.out.print(" " + count + " "); if ( ( world[i][j] == 0) && ( count == 3 ) ) { nextWorld[i][j] = 1; } else if ( ( world[i][j] == 1 ) && ( (count == 3) || (count == 2) )) { nextWorld[i][j] = 1; } else { nextWorld[i][j]=0; } } System.out.println(); } world=nextWorld; } } and here the test class: package com.GaOL; public class GameTestClass { public static void main(String[] args) { GameWorld prova = new GameWorld(); prova.RandomGen(10, 0.02); for (int i=0; i<3; i++) { prova.printToConsole(); prova.NextWorld(); } } }

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high load average, high wait, dmesg raid error messages (debian nfs server)

- by John Stumbles

Debian 6 on HP proliant (2 CPU) with raid (2*1.5T RAID1 + 2*2T RAID1 joined RAID0 to make 3.5T) running mainly nfs & imapd (plus samba for windows share & local www for previewing web pages); with local ubuntu desktop client mounting $HOME, laptops accessing imap & odd files (e.g. videos) via nfs/smb; boxes connected 100baseT or wifi via home router/switch uname -a Linux prole 2.6.32-5-686 #1 SMP Wed Jan 11 12:29:30 UTC 2012 i686 GNU/Linux Setup has been working for months but prone to intermittently going very slow (user experience on desktop mounting $HOME from server, or laptop playing videos) and now consistently so bad I've had to delve into it to try to find what's wrong(!) Server seems OK at low load e.g. (laptop) client (with $HOME on local disk) connecting to server's imapd and nfs mounting RAID to access 1 file: top shows load ~ 0.1 or less, 0 wait but when (desktop) client mounts $HOME and starts user KDE session (all accessing server) then top shows e.g. top - 13:41:17 up 3:43, 3 users, load average: 9.29, 9.55, 8.27 Tasks: 158 total, 1 running, 157 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.4%us, 0.4%sy, 0.0%ni, 49.0%id, 49.7%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.5%si, 0.0%st Mem: 903856k total, 851784k used, 52072k free, 171152k buffers Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 476896k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 3935 root 20 0 2456 1088 784 R 2 0.1 0:00.02 top 1 root 20 0 2028 680 584 S 0 0.1 0:01.14 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.12 ksoftirqd/0 5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0 6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1 7 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.16 ksoftirqd/1 8 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1 9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.42 events/0 10 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:02.26 events/1 11 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuset 12 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper 13 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 netns 14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 async/mgr 15 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 pm 16 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.02 sync_supers 17 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.02 bdi-default 18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kintegrityd/0 19 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kintegrityd/1 20 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.02 kblockd/0 21 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.08 kblockd/1 22 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kacpid 23 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kacpi_notify 24 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kacpi_hotplug 25 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kseriod 28 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:04.19 kondemand/0 29 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:02.93 kondemand/1 30 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 khungtaskd 31 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.18 kswapd0 32 root 25 5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 ksmd 33 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 aio/0 34 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 aio/1 35 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 crypto/0 36 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 crypto/1 203 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 ksuspend_usbd 204 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 khubd 205 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 ata/0 206 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 ata/1 207 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.14 ata_aux 208 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.01 scsi_eh_0 dmesg suggests there's a disk problem: .............. (previous episode) [13276.966004] raid1:md0: read error corrected (8 sectors at 489900360 on sdc7) [13276.966043] raid1: sdb7: redirecting sector 489898312 to another mirror [13279.569186] ata4.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x1 SErr 0x0 action 0x0 [13279.569211] ata4.00: irq_stat 0x40000008 [13279.569230] ata4.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED [13279.569257] ata4.00: cmd 60/08:00:00:6a:05/00:00:23:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 4096 in [13279.569262] res 41/40:00:05:6a:05/00:00:23:00:00/40 Emask 0x409 (media error) <F> [13279.569306] ata4.00: status: { DRDY ERR } [13279.569321] ata4.00: error: { UNC } [13279.575362] ata4.00: configured for UDMA/133 [13279.575388] ata4: EH complete [13283.169224] ata4.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x1 SErr 0x0 action 0x0 [13283.169246] ata4.00: irq_stat 0x40000008 [13283.169263] ata4.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED [13283.169289] ata4.00: cmd 60/08:00:00:6a:05/00:00:23:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 4096 in [13283.169294] res 41/40:00:07:6a:05/00:00:23:00:00/40 Emask 0x409 (media error) <F> [13283.169331] ata4.00: status: { DRDY ERR } [13283.169345] ata4.00: error: { UNC } [13283.176071] ata4.00: configured for UDMA/133 [13283.176104] ata4: EH complete [13286.224814] ata4.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x1 SErr 0x0 action 0x0 [13286.224837] ata4.00: irq_stat 0x40000008 [13286.224853] ata4.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED [13286.224879] ata4.00: cmd 60/08:00:00:6a:05/00:00:23:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 4096 in [13286.224884] res 41/40:00:06:6a:05/00:00:23:00:00/40 Emask 0x409 (media error) <F> [13286.224922] ata4.00: status: { DRDY ERR } [13286.224935] ata4.00: error: { UNC } [13286.231277] ata4.00: configured for UDMA/133 [13286.231303] ata4: EH complete [13288.802623] ata4.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x1 SErr 0x0 action 0x0 [13288.802646] ata4.00: irq_stat 0x40000008 [13288.802662] ata4.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED [13288.802688] ata4.00: cmd 60/08:00:00:6a:05/00:00:23:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 4096 in [13288.802693] res 41/40:00:05:6a:05/00:00:23:00:00/40 Emask 0x409 (media error) <F> [13288.802731] ata4.00: status: { DRDY ERR } [13288.802745] ata4.00: error: { UNC } [13288.808901] ata4.00: configured for UDMA/133 [13288.808927] ata4: EH complete [13291.380430] ata4.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x1 SErr 0x0 action 0x0 [13291.380453] ata4.00: irq_stat 0x40000008 [13291.380470] ata4.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED [13291.380496] ata4.00: cmd 60/08:00:00:6a:05/00:00:23:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 4096 in [13291.380501] res 41/40:00:05:6a:05/00:00:23:00:00/40 Emask 0x409 (media error) <F> [13291.380577] ata4.00: status: { DRDY ERR } [13291.380594] ata4.00: error: { UNC } [13291.386517] ata4.00: configured for UDMA/133 [13291.386543] ata4: EH complete [13294.347147] ata4.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x1 SErr 0x0 action 0x0 [13294.347169] ata4.00: irq_stat 0x40000008 [13294.347186] ata4.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED [13294.347211] ata4.00: cmd 60/08:00:00:6a:05/00:00:23:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 4096 in [13294.347217] res 41/40:00:06:6a:05/00:00:23:00:00/40 Emask 0x409 (media error) <F> [13294.347254] ata4.00: status: { DRDY ERR } [13294.347268] ata4.00: error: { UNC } [13294.353556] ata4.00: configured for UDMA/133 [13294.353583] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdc] Unhandled sense code [13294.353590] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdc] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE [13294.353599] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdc] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] [descriptor] [13294.353610] Descriptor sense data with sense descriptors (in hex): [13294.353616] 72 03 11 04 00 00 00 0c 00 0a 80 00 00 00 00 00 [13294.353635] 23 05 6a 06 [13294.353644] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdc] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed [13294.353657] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdc] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 23 05 6a 00 00 00 08 00 [13294.353675] end_request: I/O error, dev sdc, sector 587557382 [13294.353726] ata4: EH complete [13294.366953] raid1:md0: read error corrected (8 sectors at 489900544 on sdc7) [13294.366992] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489898496 to another mirror and they're happening quite frequently, which I guess is liable to account for the performance problem(?) # dmesg | grep mirror [12433.561822] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900464 to another mirror [12449.428933] raid1: sdb7: redirecting sector 489900504 to another mirror [12464.807016] raid1: sdb7: redirecting sector 489900512 to another mirror [12480.196222] raid1: sdb7: redirecting sector 489900520 to another mirror [12495.585413] raid1: sdb7: redirecting sector 489900528 to another mirror [12510.974424] raid1: sdb7: redirecting sector 489900536 to another mirror [12526.374933] raid1: sdb7: redirecting sector 489900544 to another mirror [12542.619938] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900608 to another mirror [12559.431328] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900616 to another mirror [12576.553866] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900624 to another mirror [12592.065265] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900632 to another mirror [12607.621121] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900640 to another mirror [12623.165856] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900648 to another mirror [12638.699474] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900656 to another mirror [12655.610881] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900664 to another mirror [12672.255617] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900672 to another mirror [12672.288746] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900680 to another mirror [12672.332376] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900688 to another mirror [12672.362935] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900696 to another mirror [12674.201177] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900704 to another mirror [12698.045050] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900712 to another mirror [12698.089309] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900720 to another mirror [12698.111999] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900728 to another mirror [12698.134006] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900736 to another mirror [12719.034376] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900744 to another mirror [12734.545775] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900752 to another mirror [12734.590014] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900760 to another mirror [12734.624050] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900768 to another mirror [12734.647308] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900776 to another mirror [12734.664657] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900784 to another mirror [12734.710642] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900792 to another mirror [12734.721919] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900800 to another mirror [12734.744732] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900808 to another mirror [12734.779330] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489900816 to another mirror [12782.604564] raid1: sdb7: redirecting sector 1242934216 to another mirror [12798.264153] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 1242935080 to another mirror [13245.832193] raid1: sdb7: redirecting sector 489898296 to another mirror [13261.376929] raid1: sdb7: redirecting sector 489898304 to another mirror [13276.966043] raid1: sdb7: redirecting sector 489898312 to another mirror [13294.366992] raid1: sdc7: redirecting sector 489898496 to another mirror although the arrays are still running on all disks - they haven't given up on any yet: # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] [raid0] md10 : active raid0 md0[0] md1[1] 3368770048 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks md1 : active raid1 sde2[2] sdd2[1] 1464087824 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] md0 : active raid1 sdb7[0] sdc7[2] 1904684920 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none> So I think I have some idea what the problem is but I am not a linux sysadmin expert by the remotest stretch of the imagination and would really appreciate some clue checking here with my diagnosis and what do I need to do: obviously I need to source another drive for sdc. (I'm guessing I could buy a larger drive if the price is right: I'm thinking that one day I'll need to grow the size of the array and that would be one less drive to replace with a larger one) then use mdadm to fail out the existing sdc, remove it and fit the new drive fdisk the new drive with the same size partition for the array as the old one had use mdadm to add the new drive into the array that sound OK?

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Bacula & Multiple Tape Devices, and so on

- by Tom O'Connor

Bacula won't make use of 2 tape devices simultaneously. (Search for #-#-# for the TL;DR) A little background, perhaps. In the process of trying to get a decent working backup solution (backing up 20TB ain't cheap, or easy) at $dayjob, we bought a bunch of things to make it work. Firstly, there's a Spectra Logic T50e autochanger, 40 slots of LTO5 goodness, and that robot's got a pair of IBM HH5 Ultrium LTO5 drives, connected via FibreChannel Arbitrated Loop to our backup server. There's the backup server.. A Dell R715 with 2x 16 core AMD 62xx CPUs, and 32GB of RAM. Yummy. That server's got 2 Emulex FCe-12000E cards, and an Intel X520-SR dual port 10GE NIC. We were also sold Commvault Backup (non-NDMP). Here's where it gets really complicated. Spectra Logic and Commvault both sent respective engineers, who set up the library and the software. Commvault was running fine, in so far as the controller was working fine. The Dell server has Ubuntu 12.04 server, and runs the MediaAgent for CommVault, and mounts our BlueArc NAS as NFS to a few mountpoints, like /home, and some stuff in /mnt. When backing up from the NFS mountpoints, we were seeing ~= 290GB/hr throughput. That's CRAP, considering we've got 20-odd TB to get through, in a <48 hour backup window. The rated maximum on the BlueArc is 700MB/s (2460GB/hr), the rated maximum write speed on the tape devices is 140MB/s, per drive, so that's 492GB/hr (or double it, for the total throughput). So, the next step was to benchmark NFS performance with IOzone, and it turns out that we get epic write performance (across 20 threads), and it's like 1.5-2.5TB/hr write, but read performance is fecking hopeless. I couldn't ever get higher than 343GB/hr maximum. So let's assume that the 343GB/hr is a theoretical maximum for read performance on the NAS, then we should in theory be able to get that performance out of a) CommVault, and b) any other backup agent. Not the case. Commvault seems to only ever give me 200-250GB/hr throughput, and out of experimentation, I installed Bacula to see what the state of play there is. If, for example, Bacula gave consistently better performance and speeds than Commvault, then we'd be able to say "**$.$ Refunds Plz $.$**" #-#-# Alas, I found a different problem with Bacula. Commvault seems pretty happy to read from one part of the mountpoint with one thread, and stream that to a Tape device, whilst reading from some other directory with the other thread, and writing to the 2nd drive in the autochanger. I can't for the life of me get Bacula to mount and write to two tape drives simultaneously. Things I've tried: Setting Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 20 in the Director, File and Storage Daemons Setting Prefer Mounted Volumes = no in the Job Definition Setting multiple devices in the Autochanger resource. Documentation seems to be very single-drive centric, and we feel a little like we've strapped a rocket to a hamster, with this one. The majority of example Bacula configurations are for DDS4 drives, manual tape swapping, and FreeBSD or IRIX systems. I should probably add that I'm not too bothered if this isn't possible, but I'd be surprised. I basically want to use Bacula as proof to stick it to the software vendors that they're overpriced ;) I read somewhere that @KyleBrandt has done something similar with a modern Tape solution.. Configuration Files: *bacula-dir.conf* # # Default Bacula Director Configuration file Director { # define myself Name = backuphost-1-dir DIRport = 9101 # where we listen for UA connections QueryFile = "/etc/bacula/scripts/query.sql" WorkingDirectory = "/var/lib/bacula" PidDirectory = "/var/run/bacula" Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 20 Password = "yourekiddingright" # Console password Messages = Daemon DirAddress = 0.0.0.0 #DirAddress = 127.0.0.1 } JobDefs { Name = "DefaultFileJob" Type = Backup Level = Incremental Client = backuphost-1-fd FileSet = "Full Set" Schedule = "WeeklyCycle" Storage = File Messages = Standard Pool = File Priority = 10 Write Bootstrap = "/var/lib/bacula/%c.bsr" } JobDefs { Name = "DefaultTapeJob" Type = Backup Level = Incremental Client = backuphost-1-fd FileSet = "Full Set" Schedule = "WeeklyCycle" Storage = "SpectraLogic" Messages = Standard Pool = AllTapes Priority = 10 Write Bootstrap = "/var/lib/bacula/%c.bsr" Prefer Mounted Volumes = no } # # Define the main nightly save backup job # By default, this job will back up to disk in /nonexistant/path/to/file/archive/dir Job { Name = "BackupClient1" JobDefs = "DefaultFileJob" } Job { Name = "BackupThisVolume" JobDefs = "DefaultTapeJob" FileSet = "SpecialVolume" } #Job { # Name = "BackupClient2" # Client = backuphost-12-fd # JobDefs = "DefaultJob" #} # Backup the catalog database (after the nightly save) Job { Name = "BackupCatalog" JobDefs = "DefaultFileJob" Level = Full FileSet="Catalog" Schedule = "WeeklyCycleAfterBackup" # This creates an ASCII copy of the catalog # Arguments to make_catalog_backup.pl are: # make_catalog_backup.pl <catalog-name> RunBeforeJob = "/etc/bacula/scripts/make_catalog_backup.pl MyCatalog" # This deletes the copy of the catalog RunAfterJob = "/etc/bacula/scripts/delete_catalog_backup" Write Bootstrap = "/var/lib/bacula/%n.bsr" Priority = 11 # run after main backup } # # Standard Restore template, to be changed by Console program # Only one such job is needed for all Jobs/Clients/Storage ... # Job { Name = "RestoreFiles" Type = Restore Client=backuphost-1-fd FileSet="Full Set" Storage = File Pool = Default Messages = Standard Where = /srv/bacula/restore } FileSet { Name = "SpecialVolume" Include { Options { signature = MD5 } File = /mnt/SpecialVolume } Exclude { File = /var/lib/bacula File = /nonexistant/path/to/file/archive/dir File = /proc File = /tmp File = /.journal File = /.fsck } } # List of files to be backed up FileSet { Name = "Full Set" Include { Options { signature = MD5 } File = /usr/sbin } Exclude { File = /var/lib/bacula File = /nonexistant/path/to/file/archive/dir File = /proc File = /tmp File = /.journal File = /.fsck } } Schedule { Name = "WeeklyCycle" Run = Full 1st sun at 23:05 Run = Differential 2nd-5th sun at 23:05 Run = Incremental mon-sat at 23:05 } # This schedule does the catalog. It starts after the WeeklyCycle Schedule { Name = "WeeklyCycleAfterBackup" Run = Full sun-sat at 23:10 } # This is the backup of the catalog FileSet { Name = "Catalog" Include { Options { signature = MD5 } File = "/var/lib/bacula/bacula.sql" } } # Client (File Services) to backup Client { Name = backuphost-1-fd Address = localhost FDPort = 9102 Catalog = MyCatalog Password = "surelyyourejoking" # password for FileDaemon File Retention = 30 days # 30 days Job Retention = 6 months # six months AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired Jobs/Files } # # Second Client (File Services) to backup # You should change Name, Address, and Password before using # #Client { # Name = backuphost-12-fd # Address = localhost2 # FDPort = 9102 # Catalog = MyCatalog # Password = "i'mnotjokinganddontcallmeshirley" # password for FileDaemon 2 # File Retention = 30 days # 30 days # Job Retention = 6 months # six months # AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired Jobs/Files #} # Definition of file storage device Storage { Name = File # Do not use "localhost" here Address = localhost # N.B. Use a fully qualified name here SDPort = 9103 Password = "lalalalala" Device = FileStorage Media Type = File } Storage { Name = "SpectraLogic" Address = localhost SDPort = 9103 Password = "linkedinmakethebestpasswords" Device = Drive-1 Device = Drive-2 Media Type = LTO5 Autochanger = yes } # Generic catalog service Catalog { Name = MyCatalog # Uncomment the following line if you want the dbi driver # dbdriver = "dbi:sqlite3"; dbaddress = 127.0.0.1; dbport = dbname = "bacula"; DB Address = ""; dbuser = "bacula"; dbpassword = "bbmaster63" } # Reasonable message delivery -- send most everything to email address # and to the console Messages { Name = Standard mailcommand = "/usr/lib/bacula/bsmtp -h localhost -f \"$Bacula$ \<%r\>\" -s \"Bacula: %t %e of %c %l\" %r" operatorcommand = "/usr/lib/bacula/bsmtp -h localhost -f \"$Bacula$ \<%r\>\" -s \"Bacula: Intervention needed for %j\" %r" mail = root@localhost = all, !skipped operator = root@localhost = mount console = all, !skipped, !saved # # WARNING! the following will create a file that you must cycle from # time to time as it will grow indefinitely. However, it will # also keep all your messages if they scroll off the console. # append = "/var/lib/bacula/log" = all, !skipped catalog = all } # # Message delivery for daemon messages (no job). Messages { Name = Daemon mailcommand = "/usr/lib/bacula/bsmtp -h localhost -f \"$Bacula$ \<%r\>\" -s \"Bacula daemon message\" %r" mail = root@localhost = all, !skipped console = all, !skipped, !saved append = "/var/lib/bacula/log" = all, !skipped } # Default pool definition Pool { Name = Default Pool Type = Backup Recycle = yes # Bacula can automatically recycle Volumes AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired volumes Volume Retention = 365 days # one year } # File Pool definition Pool { Name = File Pool Type = Backup Recycle = yes # Bacula can automatically recycle Volumes AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired volumes Volume Retention = 365 days # one year Maximum Volume Bytes = 50G # Limit Volume size to something reasonable Maximum Volumes = 100 # Limit number of Volumes in Pool } Pool { Name = AllTapes Pool Type = Backup Recycle = yes AutoPrune = yes # Prune expired volumes Volume Retention = 31 days # one Moth } # Scratch pool definition Pool { Name = Scratch Pool Type = Backup } # # Restricted console used by tray-monitor to get the status of the director # Console { Name = backuphost-1-mon Password = "LastFMalsostorePasswordsLikeThis" CommandACL = status, .status } bacula-sd.conf # # Default Bacula Storage Daemon Configuration file # Storage { # definition of myself Name = backuphost-1-sd SDPort = 9103 # Director's port WorkingDirectory = "/var/lib/bacula" Pid Directory = "/var/run/bacula" Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 20 SDAddress = 0.0.0.0 # SDAddress = 127.0.0.1 } # # List Directors who are permitted to contact Storage daemon # Director { Name = backuphost-1-dir Password = "passwordslinplaintext" } # # Restricted Director, used by tray-monitor to get the # status of the storage daemon # Director { Name = backuphost-1-mon Password = "totalinsecurityabound" Monitor = yes } Device { Name = FileStorage Media Type = File Archive Device = /srv/bacula/archive LabelMedia = yes; # lets Bacula label unlabeled media Random Access = Yes; AutomaticMount = yes; # when device opened, read it RemovableMedia = no; AlwaysOpen = no; } Autochanger { Name = SpectraLogic Device = Drive-1 Device = Drive-2 Changer Command = "/etc/bacula/scripts/mtx-changer %c %o %S %a %d" Changer Device = /dev/sg4 } Device { Name = Drive-1 Drive Index = 0 Archive Device = /dev/nst0 Changer Device = /dev/sg4 Media Type = LTO5 AutoChanger = yes RemovableMedia = yes; AutomaticMount = yes; AlwaysOpen = yes; RandomAccess = no; LabelMedia = yes } Device { Name = Drive-2 Drive Index = 1 Archive Device = /dev/nst1 Changer Device = /dev/sg4 Media Type = LTO5 AutoChanger = yes RemovableMedia = yes; AutomaticMount = yes; AlwaysOpen = yes; RandomAccess = no; LabelMedia = yes } # # Send all messages to the Director, # mount messages also are sent to the email address # Messages { Name = Standard director = backuphost-1-dir = all } bacula-fd.conf # # Default Bacula File Daemon Configuration file # # # List Directors who are permitted to contact this File daemon # Director { Name = backuphost-1-dir Password = "hahahahahaha" } # # Restricted Director, used by tray-monitor to get the # status of the file daemon # Director { Name = backuphost-1-mon Password = "hohohohohho" Monitor = yes } # # "Global" File daemon configuration specifications # FileDaemon { # this is me Name = backuphost-1-fd FDport = 9102 # where we listen for the director WorkingDirectory = /var/lib/bacula Pid Directory = /var/run/bacula Maximum Concurrent Jobs = 20 #FDAddress = 127.0.0.1 FDAddress = 0.0.0.0 } # Send all messages except skipped files back to Director Messages { Name = Standard director = backuphost-1-dir = all, !skipped, !restored }

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Web Browser Control – Specifying the IE Version

- by Rick Strahl

I use the Internet Explorer Web Browser Control in a lot of my applications to display document type layout. HTML happens to be one of the most common document formats and displaying data in this format – even in desktop applications, is often way easier than using normal desktop technologies. One issue the Web Browser Control has that it’s perpetually stuck in IE 7 rendering mode by default. Even though IE 8 and now 9 have significantly upgraded the IE rendering engine to be more CSS and HTML compliant by default the Web Browser control will have none of it. IE 9 in particular – with its much improved CSS support and basic HTML 5 support is a big improvement and even though the IE control uses some of IE’s internal rendering technology it’s still stuck in the old IE 7 rendering by default. This applies whether you’re using the Web Browser control in a WPF application, a WinForms app, a FoxPro or VB classic application using the ActiveX control. Behind the scenes all these UI platforms use the COM interfaces and so you’re stuck by those same rules. Rendering Challenged To see what I’m talking about here are two screen shots rendering an HTML 5 doctype page that includes some CSS 3 functionality – rounded corners and border shadows - from an earlier post. One uses IE 9 as a standalone browser, and one uses a simple WPF form that includes the Web Browser control. IE 9 Browser: Web Browser control in a WPF form: The IE 9 page displays this HTML correctly – you see the rounded corners and shadow displayed. Obviously the latter rendering using the Web Browser control in a WPF application is a bit lacking. Not only are the new CSS features missing but the page also renders in Internet Explorer’s quirks mode so all the margins, padding etc. behave differently by default, even though there’s a CSS reset applied on this page. If you’re building an application that intends to use the Web Browser control for a live preview of some HTML this is clearly undesirable. Feature Delegation via Registry Hacks Fortunately starting with Internet Explore 8 and later there’s a fix for this problem via a registry setting. You can specify a registry key to specify which rendering mode and version of IE should be used by that application. These are not global mind you – they have to be enabled for each application individually. There are two different sets of keys for 32 bit and 64 bit applications. 32 bit: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MAIN\FeatureControl\FEATURE_BROWSER_EMULATION Value Key: yourapplication.exe 64 bit: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MAIN\FeatureControl\FEATURE_BROWSER_EMULATION Value Key: yourapplication.exe The value to set this key to is (taken from MSDN here) as decimal values: 9999 (0x270F) Internet Explorer 9. Webpages are displayed in IE9 Standards mode, regardless of the !DOCTYPE directive. 9000 (0x2328) Internet Explorer 9. Webpages containing standards-based !DOCTYPE directives are displayed in IE9 mode. 8888 (0x22B8) Webpages are displayed in IE8 Standards mode, regardless of the !DOCTYPE directive. 8000 (0x1F40) Webpages containing standards-based !DOCTYPE directives are displayed in IE8 mode. 7000 (0x1B58) Webpages containing standards-based !DOCTYPE directives are displayed in IE7 Standards mode. The added key looks something like this in the Registry Editor: With this in place my Html Html Help Builder application which has wwhelp.exe as its main executable now works with HTML 5 and CSS 3 documents in the same way that Internet Explorer 9 does. Incidentally I accidentally added an ‘empty’ DWORD value of 0 to my EXE name and that worked as well giving me IE 9 rendering. Although not documented I suspect 0 (or an invalid value) will default to the installed browser. Don’t have a good way to test this but if somebody could try this with IE 8 installed that would be great: What happens when setting 9000 with IE 8 installed? What happens when setting 0 with IE 8 installed? Don’t forget to add Keys for Host Environments If you’re developing your application in Visual Studio and you run the debugger you may find that your application is still not rendering right, but if you run the actual generated EXE from Explorer or the OS command prompt it works. That’s because when you run the debugger in Visual Studio it wraps your application into a debugging host container. For this reason you might want to also add another registry key for yourapp.vshost.exe on your development machine. If you’re developing in Visual FoxPro make sure you add a key for vfp9.exe to see the rendering adjustments in the Visual FoxPro development environment. Cleaner HTML - no more HTML mangling! There are a number of additional benefits to setting up rendering of the Web Browser control to the IE 9 engine (or even the IE 8 engine) beyond the obvious rendering functionality. IE 9 actually returns your HTML in something that resembles the original HTML formatting, as opposed to the IE 7 default format which mangled the original HTML content. If you do the following in the WPF application: private void button2_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { dynamic doc = this.webBrowser.Document; MessageBox.Show(doc.body.outerHtml); } you get different output depending on the rendering mode active. With the default IE 7 rendering you get: <BODY><DIV> <H1>Rounded Corners and Shadows - Creating Dialogs in CSS</H1> <DIV class=toolbarcontainer><A class=hoverbutton href="./"><IMG src="../../css/images/home.gif"> Home</A> <A class=hoverbutton href="RoundedCornersAndShadows.htm"><IMG src="../../css/images/refresh.gif"> Refresh</A> </DIV> <DIV class=containercontent> <FIELDSET><LEGEND>Plain Box</LEGEND> <DIV style="BORDER-BOTTOM: steelblue 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: steelblue 2px solid; WIDTH: 550px; BORDER-TOP: steelblue 2px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: steelblue 2px solid" class="roundbox boxshadow"> <DIV style="BACKGROUND: khaki" class="boxcontenttext roundbox">Simple Rounded Corner Box. </DIV></DIV></FIELDSET> <FIELDSET><LEGEND>Box with Header</LEGEND> <DIV style="BORDER-BOTTOM: steelblue 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: steelblue 2px solid; WIDTH: 550px; BORDER-TOP: steelblue 2px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: steelblue 2px solid" class="roundbox boxshadow"> <DIV class="gridheaderleft roundbox-top">Box with a Header</DIV> <DIV style="BACKGROUND: khaki" class="boxcontenttext roundbox-bottom">Simple Rounded Corner Box. </DIV></DIV></FIELDSET> <FIELDSET><LEGEND>Dialog Style Window</LEGEND> <DIV style="POSITION: relative; WIDTH: 450px" id=divDialog class="dialog boxshadow" jQuery16107208195684204002="2"> <DIV style="POSITION: relative" class=dialog-header> <DIV class=closebox></DIV>User Sign-in <DIV class=closebox jQuery16107208195684204002="3"></DIV></DIV> <DIV class=descriptionheader>This dialog is draggable and closable</DIV> <DIV class=dialog-content><LABEL>Username:</LABEL> <INPUT name=txtUsername value=" "> <LABEL>Password</LABEL> <INPUT name=txtPassword value=" "> <HR> <INPUT id=btnLogin value=Login type=button> </DIV> <DIV class=dialog-statusbar>Ready</DIV></DIV></FIELDSET> </DIV> <SCRIPT type=text/javascript> $(document).ready(function () { $("#divDialog") .draggable({ handle: ".dialog-header" }) .closable({ handle: ".dialog-header", closeHandler: function () { alert("Window about to be closed."); return true; // true closes - false leaves open } }); }); </SCRIPT> </DIV></BODY> Now lest you think I’m out of my mind and create complete whacky HTML rooted in the last century, here’s the IE 9 rendering mode output which looks a heck of a lot cleaner and a lot closer to my original HTML of the page I’m accessing: <body> <div> <h1>Rounded Corners and Shadows - Creating Dialogs in CSS</h1> <div class="toolbarcontainer"> <a class="hoverbutton" href="./"> <img src="../../css/images/home.gif"> Home</a> <a class="hoverbutton" href="RoundedCornersAndShadows.htm"> <img src="../../css/images/refresh.gif"> Refresh</a> </div> <div class="containercontent"> <fieldset> <legend>Plain Box</legend>  <div style="border: 2px solid steelblue; width: 550px;" class="roundbox boxshadow"> <div style="background: khaki;" class="boxcontenttext roundbox"> Simple Rounded Corner Box. </div> </div> </fieldset> <fieldset> <legend>Box with Header</legend> <div style="border: 2px solid steelblue; width: 550px;" class="roundbox boxshadow"> <div class="gridheaderleft roundbox-top">Box with a Header</div> <div style="background: khaki;" class="boxcontenttext roundbox-bottom"> Simple Rounded Corner Box. </div> </div> </fieldset> <fieldset> <legend>Dialog Style Window</legend> <div style="width: 450px; position: relative;" id="divDialog" class="dialog boxshadow"> <div style="position: relative;" class="dialog-header"> <div class="closebox"></div> User Sign-in <div class="closebox"></div></div> <div class="descriptionheader">This dialog is draggable and closable</div> <div class="dialog-content"> <label>Username:</label> <input name="txtUsername" value=" " type="text"> <label>Password</label> <input name="txtPassword" value=" " type="text"> <hr/> <input id="btnLogin" value="Login" type="button"> </div> <div class="dialog-statusbar">Ready</div> </div> </fieldset> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { $("#divDialog") .draggable({ handle: ".dialog-header" }) .closable({ handle: ".dialog-header", closeHandler: function () { alert("Window about to be closed."); return true; // true closes - false leaves open } }); }); </script> </div> </body> IOW, in IE9 rendering mode IE9 is much closer (but not identical) to the original HTML from the page on the Web that we’re reading from. As a side note: Unfortunately, the browser feature emulation can't be applied against the Html Help (CHM) Engine in Windows which uses the Web Browser control (or COM interfaces anyway) to render Html Help content. I tried setting up hh.exe which is the help viewer, to use IE 9 rendering but a help file generated with CSS3 features will simply show in IE 7 mode. Bummer - this would have been a nice quick fix to allow help content served from CHM files to look better. HTML Editing leaves HTML formatting intact In the same vane, if you do any inline HTML editing in the control by setting content to be editable, IE 9’s control does a much more reasonable job of creating usable and somewhat valid HTML. It also leaves the original content alone other than the text your are editing or adding. No longer is the HTML output stripped of excess spaces and reformatted in IEs format. So if I do: private void button3_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { dynamic doc = this.webBrowser.Document; doc.body.contentEditable = true; } and then make some changes to the document by typing into it using IE 9 mode, the document formatting stays intact and only the affected content is modified. The created HTML is reasonably clean (although it does lack proper XHTML formatting for things like <br/> <hr/>). This is very different from IE 7 mode which mangled the HTML as soon as the page was loaded into the control. Any editing you did stripped out all white space and lost all of your existing XHTML formatting. In IE 9 mode at least *most* of your original formatting stays intact. This is huge! In Html Help Builder I have supported HTML editing for a long time but the HTML mangling by the Web Browser control made it very difficult to edit the HTML later. Previously IE would mangle the HTML by stripping out spaces, upper casing all tags and converting many XHTML safe tags to its HTML 3 tags. Now IE leaves most of my document alone while editing, and creates cleaner and more compliant markup (with exception of self-closing elements like BR/HR). The end result is that I now have HTML editing in place that's much cleaner and actually capable of being manually edited. Caveats, Caveats, Caveats It wouldn't be Internet Explorer if there weren't some major compatibility issues involved in using this various browser version interaction. The biggest thing I ran into is that there are odd differences in some of the COM interfaces and what they return. I specifically ran into a problem with the document.selection.createRange() function which with IE 7 compatibility returns an expected text range object. When running in IE 8 or IE 9 mode however. I could not retrieve a valid text range with this code where loEdit is the WebBrowser control: loRange = loEdit.document.selection.CreateRange() The loRange object returned (here in FoxPro) had a length property of 0 but none of the other properties of the TextRange or TextRangeCollection objects were available. I figured this was due to some changed security settings but even after elevating the Intranet Security Zone and mucking with the other browser feature flags pertaining to security I had no luck. In the end I relented and used a JavaScript function in my editor document that returns a selection range object: function getselectionrange() { var range = document.selection.createRange(); return range; } and call that JavaScript function from my host applications code: *** Use a function in the document to get around HTML Editing issues loRange = loEdit.document.parentWindow.getselectionrange(.f.) and that does work correctly. This wasn't a big deal as I'm already loading a support script file into the editor page so all I had to do is add the function to this existing script file. You can find out more how to call script code in the Web Browser control from a host application in a previous post of mine. IE 8 and 9 also clamp down the security environment a little more than the default IE 7 control, so there may be other issues you run into. Other than the createRange() problem above I haven't seen anything else that is breaking in my code so far though and that's encouraging at least since it uses a lot of HTML document manipulation for the custom editor I've created (and would love to replace - any PROFESSIONAL alternatives anybody?) Registry Key Installation for your Application It’s important to remember that this registry setting is made per application, so most likely this is something you want to set up with your installer. Also remember that 32 and 64 bit settings require separate settings in the registry so if you’re creating your installer you most likely will want to set both keys in the registry preemptively for your application. I use Tarma Installer for all of my application installs and in Tarma I configure registry keys for both and set a flag to only install the latter key group in the 64 bit version: Because this setting is application specific you have to do this for every application you install unfortunately, but this also means that you can safely configure this setting in the registry because it is after only applied to your application. Another problem with install based installation is version detection. If IE 8 is installed I’d want 8000 for the value, if IE 9 is installed I want 9000. I can do this easily in code but in the installer this is much more difficult. I don’t have a good solution for this at the moment, but given that the app works with IE 7 mode now, IE 9 mode is just a bonus for the moment. If IE 9 is not installed and 9000 is used the default rendering will remain in use. It sure would be nice if we could specify the IE rendering mode as a property, but I suspect the ActiveX container has to know before it loads what actual version to load up and once loaded can only load a single version of IE. This would account for this annoying application level configuration… Summary The registry feature emulation has been available for quite some time, but I just found out about it today and started experimenting around with it. I’m stoked to see that this is available as I’d pretty much given up in ever seeing any better rendering in the Web Browser control. Now at least my apps can take advantage of newer HTML features. Now if we could only get better HTML Editing support somehow <snicker>… ah can’t have everything.© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2011Posted in .NET FoxPro Windows

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Table sorting & pagination with jQuery and Razor in ASP.NET MVC

- by hajan

Introduction jQuery enjoys living inside pages which are built on top of ASP.NET MVC Framework. The ASP.NET MVC is a place where things are organized very well and it is quite hard to make them dirty, especially because the pattern enforces you on purity (you can still make it dirty if you want so ;) ). We all know how easy is to build a HTML table with a header row, footer row and table rows showing some data. With ASP.NET MVC we can do this pretty easy, but, the result will be pure HTML table which only shows data, but does not includes sorting, pagination or some other advanced features that we were used to have in the ASP.NET WebForms GridView. Ok, there is the WebGrid MVC Helper, but what if we want to make something from pure table in our own clean style? In one of my recent projects, I’ve been using the jQuery tablesorter and tablesorter.pager plugins that go along. You don’t need to know jQuery to make this work… You need to know little CSS to create nice design for your table, but of course you can use mine from the demo… So, what you will see in this blog is how to attach this plugin to your pure html table and a div for pagination and make your table with advanced sorting and pagination features. Demo Project Resources The resources I’m using for this demo project are shown in the following solution explorer window print screen: Content/images – folder that contains all the up/down arrow images, pagination buttons etc. You can freely replace them with your own, but keep the names the same if you don’t want to change anything in the CSS we will built later. Content/Site.css – The main css theme, where we will add the theme for our table too Controllers/HomeController.cs – The controller I’m using for this project Models/Person.cs – For this demo, I’m using Person.cs class Scripts – jquery-1.4.4.min.js, jquery.tablesorter.js, jquery.tablesorter.pager.js – required script to make the magic happens Views/Home/Index.cshtml – Index view (razor view engine) the other items are not important for the demo. ASP.NET MVC 1. Model In this demo I use only one Person class which defines Person entity with several properties. You can use your own model, maybe one which will access data from database or any other resource. Person.cs public class Person { public string Name { get; set; } public string Surname { get; set; } public string Email { get; set; } public int? Phone { get; set; } public DateTime? DateAdded { get; set; } public int? Age { get; set; } public Person(string name, string surname, string email, int? phone, DateTime? dateadded, int? age) { Name = name; Surname = surname; Email = email; Phone = phone; DateAdded = dateadded; Age = age; } } 2. View In our example, we have only one Index.chtml page where Razor View engine is used. Razor view engine is my favorite for ASP.NET MVC because it’s very intuitive, fluid and keeps your code clean. 3. Controller Since this is simple example with one page, we use one HomeController.cs where we have two methods, one of ActionResult type (Index) and another GetPeople() used to create and return list of people. HomeController.cs public class HomeController : Controller { // // GET: /Home/ public ActionResult Index() { ViewBag.People = GetPeople(); return View(); } public List<Person> GetPeople() { List<Person> listPeople = new List<Person>(); listPeople.Add(new Person("Hajan", "Selmani", "[email protected]", 070070070,DateTime.Now, 25)); listPeople.Add(new Person("Straight", "Dean", "[email protected]", 123456789, DateTime.Now.AddDays(-5), 35)); listPeople.Add(new Person("Karsen", "Livia", "[email protected]", 46874651, DateTime.Now.AddDays(-2), 31)); listPeople.Add(new Person("Ringer", "Anne", "[email protected]", null, DateTime.Now, null)); listPeople.Add(new Person("O'Leary", "Michael", "[email protected]", 32424344, DateTime.Now, 44)); listPeople.Add(new Person("Gringlesby", "Anne", "[email protected]", null, DateTime.Now.AddDays(-9), 18)); listPeople.Add(new Person("Locksley", "Stearns", "[email protected]", 2135345, DateTime.Now, null)); listPeople.Add(new Person("DeFrance", "Michel", "[email protected]", 235325352, DateTime.Now.AddDays(-18), null)); listPeople.Add(new Person("White", "Johnson", null, null, DateTime.Now.AddDays(-22), 55)); listPeople.Add(new Person("Panteley", "Sylvia", null, 23233223, DateTime.Now.AddDays(-1), 32)); listPeople.Add(new Person("Blotchet-Halls", "Reginald", null, 323243423, DateTime.Now, 26)); listPeople.Add(new Person("Merr", "South", "[email protected]", 3232442, DateTime.Now.AddDays(-5), 85)); listPeople.Add(new Person("MacFeather", "Stearns", "[email protected]", null, DateTime.Now, null)); return listPeople; } } TABLE CSS/HTML DESIGN Now, lets start with the implementation. First of all, lets create the table structure and the main CSS. 1. HTML Structure @{ Layout = null; } <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>ASP.NET & jQuery</title>  </head> <body> <div> <table class="tablesorter"> <thead> <tr> <th> value </th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>value</td> </tr> </tbody> <tfoot> <tr> <th> value </th> </tr> </tfoot> </table> <div id="pager"> </div> </div> </body> </html> So, this is the main structure you need to create for each of your tables where you want to apply the functionality we will create. Of course the scripts are referenced once ;). As you see, our table has class tablesorter and also we have a div with id pager. In the next steps we will use both these to create the needed functionalities. The complete Index.cshtml coded to get the data from controller and display in the page is: <body> <div> <table class="tablesorter"> <thead> <tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Surname</th> <th>Email</th> <th>Phone</th> <th>Date Added</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> @{ foreach (var p in ViewBag.People) { <tr> <td>@p.Name</td> <td>@p.Surname</td> <td>@p.Email</td> <td>@p.Phone</td> <td>@p.DateAdded</td> </tr> } } </tbody> <tfoot> <tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Surname</th> <th>Email</th> <th>Phone</th> <th>Date Added</th> </tr> </tfoot> </table> <div id="pager" style="position: none;"> <form> <img src="@Url.Content("~/Content/images/first.png")" class="first" /> <img src="@Url.Content("~/Content/images/prev.png")" class="prev" /> <input type="text" class="pagedisplay" /> <img src="@Url.Content("~/Content/images/next.png")" class="next" /> <img src="@Url.Content("~/Content/images/last.png")" class="last" /> <select class="pagesize"> <option selected="selected" value="5">5</option> <option value="10">10</option> <option value="20">20</option> <option value="30">30</option> <option value="40">40</option> </select> </form> </div> </div> </body> So, mainly the structure is the same. I have added @Razor code to create table with data retrieved from the ViewBag.People which has been filled with data in the home controller. 2. CSS Design The CSS code I’ve created is: /* DEMO TABLE */ body { font-size: 75%; font-family: Verdana, Tahoma, Arial, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Sans-Serif; color: #232323; background-color: #fff; } table { border-spacing:0; border:1px solid gray;} table.tablesorter thead tr .header { background-image: url(images/bg.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: center right; cursor: pointer; } table.tablesorter tbody td { color: #3D3D3D; padding: 4px; background-color: #FFF; vertical-align: top; } table.tablesorter tbody tr.odd td { background-color:#F0F0F6; } table.tablesorter thead tr .headerSortUp { background-image: url(images/asc.png); } table.tablesorter thead tr .headerSortDown { background-image: url(images/desc.png); } table th { width:150px; border:1px outset gray; background-color:#3C78B5; color:White; cursor:pointer; } table thead th:hover { background-color:Yellow; color:Black;} table td { width:150px; border:1px solid gray;} PAGINATION AND SORTING Now, when everything is ready and we have the data, lets make pagination and sorting functionalities 1. jQuery Scripts referencing <link href="@Url.Content("~/Content/Site.css")" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery-1.4.4.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.tablesorter.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.tablesorter.pager.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> 2. jQuery Sorting and Pagination script <script type="text/javascript"> $(function () { $("table.tablesorter").tablesorter({ widthFixed: true, sortList: [[0, 0]] }) .tablesorterPager({ container: $("#pager"), size: $(".pagesize option:selected").val() }); }); </script> So, with only two lines of code, I’m using both tablesorter and tablesorterPager plugins, giving some options to both these. Options added: tablesorter - widthFixed: true – gives fixed width of the columns tablesorter - sortList[[0,0]] – An array of instructions for per-column sorting and direction in the format: [[columnIndex, sortDirection], ... ] where columnIndex is a zero-based index for your columns left-to-right and sortDirection is 0 for Ascending and 1 for Descending. A valid argument that sorts ascending first by column 1 and then column 2 looks like: [[0,0],[1,0]] (source: http://tablesorter.com/docs/) tablesorterPager – container: $(“#pager”) – tells the pager container, the div with id pager in our case. tablesorterPager – size: the default size of each page, where I get the default value selected, so if you put selected to any other of the options in your select list, you will have this number of rows as default per page for the table too. END RESULTS 1. Table once the page is loaded (default results per page is 5 and is automatically sorted by 1st column as sortList is specified) 2. Sorted by Phone Descending 3. Changed pagination to 10 items per page 4. Sorted by Phone and Name (use SHIFT to sort on multiple columns) 5. Sorted by Date Added 6. Page 3, 5 items per page ADDITIONAL ENHANCEMENTS We can do additional enhancements to the table. We can make search for each column. I will cover this in one of my next blogs. Stay tuned. DEMO PROJECT You can download demo project source code from HERE.CONCLUSION Once you finish with the demo, run your page and open the source code. You will be amazed of the purity of your code.Working with pagination in client side can be very useful. One of the benefits is performance, but if you have thousands of rows in your tables, you will get opposite result when talking about performance. Hence, sometimes it is nice idea to make pagination on back-end. So, the compromise between both approaches would be best to combine both of them. I use at most up to 500 rows on client-side and once the user reach the last page, we can trigger ajax postback which can get the next 500 rows using server-side pagination of the same data. I would like to recommend the following blog post http://weblogs.asp.net/gunnarpeipman/archive/2010/09/14/returning-paged-results-from-repositories-using-pagedresult-lt-t-gt.aspx, which will help you understand how to return page results from repository. I hope this was helpful post for you. Wait for my next posts ;). Please do let me know your feedback. Best Regards, Hajan

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Silverlight Recruiting Application Part 5 - Jobs Module / View

Now we starting getting into a more code-heavy portion of this series, thankfully though this means the groundwork is all set for the most part and after adding the modules we will have a complete application that can be provided with full source. The Jobs module will have two concerns- adding and maintaining jobs that can then be broadcast out to the website. How they are displayed on the site will be handled by our admin system (which will just poll from this common database), so we aren't too concerned with that, but rather with getting the information into the system and allowing the backend administration/HR users to keep things up to date. Since there is a fair bit of information that we want to display, we're going to move editing to a separate view so we can get all that information in an easy-to-use spot. With all the files created for this module, the project looks something like this: And now... on to the code. XAML for the Job Posting View All we really need for the Job Posting View is a RadGridView and a few buttons. This will let us both show off records and perform operations on the records without much hassle. That XAML is going to look something like this: 01.<Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" 02.Background="White"> 03.<Grid.RowDefinitions> 04.<RowDefinition Height="30" /> 05.<RowDefinition /> 06.</Grid.RowDefinitions> 07.<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"> 08.<Button x:Name="xAddRecordButton" 09.Content="Add Job" 10.Width="120" 11.cal:Click.Command="{Binding AddRecord}" 12.telerik:StyleManager.Theme="Windows7" /> 13.<Button x:Name="xEditRecordButton" 14.Content="Edit Job" 15.Width="120" 16.cal:Click.Command="{Binding EditRecord}" 17.telerik:StyleManager.Theme="Windows7" /> 18.</StackPanel> 19.<telerikGrid:RadGridView x:Name="xJobsGrid" 20.Grid.Row="1" 21.IsReadOnly="True" 22.AutoGenerateColumns="False" 23.ColumnWidth="*" 24.RowDetailsVisibilityMode="VisibleWhenSelected" 25.ItemsSource="{Binding MyJobs}" 26.SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedJob, Mode=TwoWay}" 27.command:SelectedItemChangedEventClass.Command="{Binding SelectedItemChanged}"> 28.<telerikGrid:RadGridView.Columns> 29.<telerikGrid:GridViewDataColumn Header="Job Title" 30.DataMemberBinding="{Binding JobTitle}" 31.UniqueName="JobTitle" /> 32.<telerikGrid:GridViewDataColumn Header="Location" 33.DataMemberBinding="{Binding Location}" 34.UniqueName="Location" /> 35.<telerikGrid:GridViewDataColumn Header="Resume Required" 36.DataMemberBinding="{Binding NeedsResume}" 37.UniqueName="NeedsResume" /> 38.<telerikGrid:GridViewDataColumn Header="CV Required" 39.DataMemberBinding="{Binding NeedsCV}" 40.UniqueName="NeedsCV" /> 41.<telerikGrid:GridViewDataColumn Header="Overview Required" 42.DataMemberBinding="{Binding NeedsOverview}" 43.UniqueName="NeedsOverview" /> 44.<telerikGrid:GridViewDataColumn Header="Active" 45.DataMemberBinding="{Binding IsActive}" 46.UniqueName="IsActive" /> 47.</telerikGrid:RadGridView.Columns> 48.</telerikGrid:RadGridView> 49.</Grid> I'll explain what's happening here by line numbers: Lines 11 and 16: Using the same type of click commands as we saw in the Menu module, we tie the button clicks to delegate commands in the viewmodel. Line 25: The source for the jobs will be a collection in the viewmodel. Line 26: We also bind the selected item to a public property from the viewmodel for use in code. Line 27: We've turned the event into a command so we can handle it via code in the viewmodel. So those first three probably make sense to you as far as Silverlight/WPF binding magic is concerned, but for line 27... This actually comes from something I read onDamien Schenkelman's blog back in the day for creating an attached behavior from any event. So, any time you see me using command:Whatever.Command, the backing for it is actually something like this: SelectedItemChangedEventBehavior.cs: 01.public class SelectedItemChangedEventBehavior : CommandBehaviorBase<Telerik.Windows.Controls.DataControl> 02.{ 03.public SelectedItemChangedEventBehavior(DataControl element) 04.: base(element) 05.{ 06.element.SelectionChanged += new EventHandler<SelectionChangeEventArgs>(element_SelectionChanged); 07.} 08.void element_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangeEventArgs e) 09.{ 10.// We'll only ever allow single selection, so will only need item index 0 11.base.CommandParameter = e.AddedItems[0]; 12.base.ExecuteCommand(); 13.} 14.} SelectedItemChangedEventClass.cs: 01.public class SelectedItemChangedEventClass 02.{ 03.#region The Command Stuff 04.public static ICommand GetCommand(DependencyObject obj) 05.{ 06.return (ICommand)obj.GetValue(CommandProperty); 07.} 08.public static void SetCommand(DependencyObject obj, ICommand value) 09.{ 10.obj.SetValue(CommandProperty, value); 11.} 12.public static readonly DependencyProperty CommandProperty = 13.DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("Command", typeof(ICommand), 14.typeof(SelectedItemChangedEventClass), new PropertyMetadata(OnSetCommandCallback)); 15.public static void OnSetCommandCallback(DependencyObject dependencyObject, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e) 16.{ 17.DataControl element = dependencyObject as DataControl; 18.if (element != null) 19.{ 20.SelectedItemChangedEventBehavior behavior = GetOrCreateBehavior(element); 21.behavior.Command = e.NewValue as ICommand; 22.} 23.} 24.#endregion 25.public static SelectedItemChangedEventBehavior GetOrCreateBehavior(DataControl element) 26.{ 27.SelectedItemChangedEventBehavior behavior = element.GetValue(SelectedItemChangedEventBehaviorProperty) as SelectedItemChangedEventBehavior; 28.if (behavior == null) 29.{ 30.behavior = new SelectedItemChangedEventBehavior(element); 31.element.SetValue(SelectedItemChangedEventBehaviorProperty, behavior); 32.} 33.return behavior; 34.} 35.public static SelectedItemChangedEventBehavior GetSelectedItemChangedEventBehavior(DependencyObject obj) 36.{ 37.return (SelectedItemChangedEventBehavior)obj.GetValue(SelectedItemChangedEventBehaviorProperty); 38.} 39.public static void SetSelectedItemChangedEventBehavior(DependencyObject obj, SelectedItemChangedEventBehavior value) 40.{ 41.obj.SetValue(SelectedItemChangedEventBehaviorProperty, value); 42.} 43.public static readonly DependencyProperty SelectedItemChangedEventBehaviorProperty = 44.DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("SelectedItemChangedEventBehavior", 45.typeof(SelectedItemChangedEventBehavior), typeof(SelectedItemChangedEventClass), null); 46.} These end up looking very similar from command to command, but in a nutshell you create a command based on any event, determine what the parameter for it will be, then execute. It attaches via XAML and ties to a DelegateCommand in the viewmodel, so you get the full event experience (since some controls get a bit event-rich for added functionality). Simple enough, right? Viewmodel for the Job Posting View The Viewmodel is going to need to handle all events going back and forth, maintaining interactions with the data we are using, and both publishing and subscribing to events. Rather than breaking this into tons of little pieces, I'll give you a nice view of the entire viewmodel and then hit up the important points line-by-line: 001.public class JobPostingViewModel : ViewModelBase 002.{ 003.private readonly IEventAggregator eventAggregator; 004.private readonly IRegionManager regionManager; 005.public DelegateCommand<object> AddRecord { get; set; } 006.public DelegateCommand<object> EditRecord { get; set; } 007.public DelegateCommand<object> SelectedItemChanged { get; set; } 008.public RecruitingContext context; 009.private QueryableCollectionView _myJobs; 010.public QueryableCollectionView MyJobs 011.{ 012.get { return _myJobs; } 013.} 014.private QueryableCollectionView _selectionJobActionHistory; 015.public QueryableCollectionView SelectedJobActionHistory 016.{ 017.get { return _selectionJobActionHistory; } 018.} 019.private JobPosting _selectedJob; 020.public JobPosting SelectedJob 021.{ 022.get { return _selectedJob; } 023.set 024.{ 025.if (value != _selectedJob) 026.{ 027._selectedJob = value; 028.NotifyChanged("SelectedJob"); 029.} 030.} 031.} 032.public SubscriptionToken editToken = new SubscriptionToken(); 033.public SubscriptionToken addToken = new SubscriptionToken(); 034.public JobPostingViewModel(IEventAggregator eventAgg, IRegionManager regionmanager) 035.{ 036.// set Unity items 037.this.eventAggregator = eventAgg; 038.this.regionManager = regionmanager; 039.// load our context 040.context = new RecruitingContext(); 041.this._myJobs = new QueryableCollectionView(context.JobPostings); 042.context.Load(context.GetJobPostingsQuery()); 043.// set command events 044.this.AddRecord = new DelegateCommand<object>(this.AddNewRecord); 045.this.EditRecord = new DelegateCommand<object>(this.EditExistingRecord); 046.this.SelectedItemChanged = new DelegateCommand<object>(this.SelectedRecordChanged); 047.SetSubscriptions(); 048.} 049.#region DelegateCommands from View 050.public void AddNewRecord(object obj) 051.{ 052.this.eventAggregator.GetEvent<AddJobEvent>().Publish(true); 053.} 054.public void EditExistingRecord(object obj) 055.{ 056.if (_selectedJob == null) 057.{ 058.this.eventAggregator.GetEvent<NotifyUserEvent>().Publish("No job selected."); 059.} 060.else 061.{ 062.this._myJobs.EditItem(this._selectedJob); 063.this.eventAggregator.GetEvent<EditJobEvent>().Publish(this._selectedJob); 064.} 065.} 066.public void SelectedRecordChanged(object obj) 067.{ 068.if (obj.GetType() == typeof(ActionHistory)) 069.{ 070.// event bubbles up so we don't catch items from the ActionHistory grid 071.} 072.else 073.{ 074.JobPosting job = obj as JobPosting; 075.GrabHistory(job.PostingID); 076.} 077.} 078.#endregion 079.#region Subscription Declaration and Events 080.public void SetSubscriptions() 081.{ 082.EditJobCompleteEvent editComplete = eventAggregator.GetEvent<EditJobCompleteEvent>(); 083.if (editToken != null) 084.editComplete.Unsubscribe(editToken); 085.editToken = editComplete.Subscribe(this.EditCompleteEventHandler); 086.AddJobCompleteEvent addComplete = eventAggregator.GetEvent<AddJobCompleteEvent>(); 087.if (addToken != null) 088.addComplete.Unsubscribe(addToken); 089.addToken = addComplete.Subscribe(this.AddCompleteEventHandler); 090.} 091.public void EditCompleteEventHandler(bool complete) 092.{ 093.if (complete) 094.{ 095.JobPosting thisJob = _myJobs.CurrentEditItem as JobPosting; 096.this._myJobs.CommitEdit(); 097.this.context.SubmitChanges((s) => 098.{ 099.ActionHistory myAction = new ActionHistory(); 100.myAction.PostingID = thisJob.PostingID; 101.myAction.Description = String.Format("Job '{0}' has been edited by {1}", thisJob.JobTitle, "default user"); 102.myAction.TimeStamp = DateTime.Now; 103.eventAggregator.GetEvent<AddActionEvent>().Publish(myAction); 104.} 105., null); 106.} 107.else 108.{ 109.this._myJobs.CancelEdit(); 110.} 111.this.MakeMeActive(this.regionManager, "MainRegion", "JobPostingsView"); 112.} 113.public void AddCompleteEventHandler(JobPosting job) 114.{ 115.if (job == null) 116.{ 117.// do nothing, new job add cancelled 118.} 119.else 120.{ 121.this.context.JobPostings.Add(job); 122.this.context.SubmitChanges((s) => 123.{ 124.ActionHistory myAction = new ActionHistory(); 125.myAction.PostingID = job.PostingID; 126.myAction.Description = String.Format("Job '{0}' has been added by {1}", job.JobTitle, "default user"); 127.myAction.TimeStamp = DateTime.Now; 128.eventAggregator.GetEvent<AddActionEvent>().Publish(myAction); 129.} 130., null); 131.} 132.this.MakeMeActive(this.regionManager, "MainRegion", "JobPostingsView"); 133.} 134.#endregion 135.public void GrabHistory(int postID) 136.{ 137.context.ActionHistories.Clear(); 138._selectionJobActionHistory = new QueryableCollectionView(context.ActionHistories); 139.context.Load(context.GetHistoryForJobQuery(postID)); 140.} Taking it from the top, we're injecting an Event Aggregator and Region Manager for use down the road and also have the public DelegateCommands (just like in the Menu module). We also grab a reference to our context, which we'll obviously need for data, then set up a few fields with public properties tied to them. We're also setting subscription tokens, which we have not yet seen but I will get into below. The AddNewRecord (50) and EditExistingRecord (54) methods should speak for themselves for functionality, the one thing of note is we're sending events off to the Event Aggregator which some module, somewhere will take care of. Since these aren't entirely relying on one another, the Jobs View doesn't care if anyone is listening, but it will publish AddJobEvent (52), NotifyUserEvent (58) and EditJobEvent (63)regardless. Don't mind the GrabHistory() method so much, that is just grabbing history items (visibly being created in the SubmitChanges callbacks), and adding them to the database. Every action will trigger a history event, so we'll know who modified what and when, just in case. ;) So where are we at? Well, if we click to Add a job, we publish an event, if we edit a job, we publish an event with the selected record (attained through the magic of binding). Where is this all going though? To the Viewmodel, of course! XAML for the AddEditJobView This is pretty straightforward except for one thing, noted below: 001.<Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" 002.Background="White"> 003.<Grid x:Name="xEditGrid" 004.Margin="10" 005.validationHelper:ValidationScope.Errors="{Binding Errors}"> 006.<Grid.Background> 007.<LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.5,1" 008.StartPoint="0.5,0"> 009.<GradientStop Color="#FFC7C7C7" 010.Offset="0" /> 011.<GradientStop Color="#FFF6F3F3" 012.Offset="1" /> 013.</LinearGradientBrush> 014.</Grid.Background> 015.<Grid.RowDefinitions> 016.<RowDefinition Height="40" /> 017.<RowDefinition Height="40" /> 018.<RowDefinition Height="40" /> 019.<RowDefinition Height="100" /> 020.<RowDefinition Height="100" /> 021.<RowDefinition Height="100" /> 022.<RowDefinition Height="40" /> 023.<RowDefinition Height="40" /> 024.<RowDefinition Height="40" /> 025.</Grid.RowDefinitions> 026.<Grid.ColumnDefinitions> 027.<ColumnDefinition Width="150" /> 028.<ColumnDefinition Width="150" /> 029.<ColumnDefinition Width="300" /> 030.<ColumnDefinition Width="100" /> 031.</Grid.ColumnDefinitions> 032. 033.<TextBlock Margin="8" 034.Text="{Binding AddEditString}" 035.TextWrapping="Wrap" 036.Grid.Column="1" 037.Grid.ColumnSpan="2" 038.FontSize="16" /> 039. 040. 041.<TextBlock Margin="8,0,0,0" 042.Style="{StaticResource LabelTxb}" 043.Grid.Row="1" 044.Text="Job Title" 045.VerticalAlignment="Center" /> 046.<TextBox x:Name="xJobTitleTB" 047.Margin="0,8" 048.Grid.Column="1" 049.Grid.Row="1" 050.Text="{Binding activeJob.JobTitle, Mode=TwoWay, NotifyOnValidationError=True, ValidatesOnExceptions=True}" 051.Grid.ColumnSpan="2" /> 052.<TextBlock Margin="8,0,0,0" 053.Grid.Row="2" 054.Text="Location" 055.d:LayoutOverrides="Height" 056.VerticalAlignment="Center" /> 057.<TextBox x:Name="xLocationTB" 058.Margin="0,8" 059.Grid.Column="1" 060.Grid.Row="2" 061.Text="{Binding activeJob.Location, Mode=TwoWay, NotifyOnValidationError=True, ValidatesOnExceptions=True}" 062.Grid.ColumnSpan="2" /> 063. 064.<TextBlock Margin="8,11,8,0" 065.Grid.Row="3" 066.Text="Description" 067.TextWrapping="Wrap" 068.VerticalAlignment="Top" /> 069. 070.<TextBox x:Name="xDescriptionTB" 071.Height="84" 072.TextWrapping="Wrap" 073.ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" 074.Grid.Column="1" 075.Grid.Row="3" 076.Text="{Binding activeJob.Description, Mode=TwoWay, NotifyOnValidationError=True, ValidatesOnExceptions=True}" 077.Grid.ColumnSpan="2" /> 078.<TextBlock Margin="8,11,8,0" 079.Grid.Row="4" 080.Text="Requirements" 081.TextWrapping="Wrap" 082.VerticalAlignment="Top" /> 083. 084.<TextBox x:Name="xRequirementsTB" 085.Height="84" 086.TextWrapping="Wrap" 087.ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" 088.Grid.Column="1" 089.Grid.Row="4" 090.Text="{Binding activeJob.Requirements, Mode=TwoWay, NotifyOnValidationError=True, ValidatesOnExceptions=True}" 091.Grid.ColumnSpan="2" /> 092.<TextBlock Margin="8,11,8,0" 093.Grid.Row="5" 094.Text="Qualifications" 095.TextWrapping="Wrap" 096.VerticalAlignment="Top" /> 097. 098.<TextBox x:Name="xQualificationsTB" 099.Height="84" 100.TextWrapping="Wrap" 101.ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" 102.Grid.Column="1" 103.Grid.Row="5" 104.Text="{Binding activeJob.Qualifications, Mode=TwoWay, NotifyOnValidationError=True, ValidatesOnExceptions=True}" 105.Grid.ColumnSpan="2" /> 106. 107. 108.<CheckBox x:Name="xResumeRequiredCB" Margin="8,8,8,15" 109.Content="Resume Required" 110.Grid.Row="6" 111.Grid.ColumnSpan="2" 112.IsChecked="{Binding activeJob.NeedsResume, Mode=TwoWay, NotifyOnValidationError=True, ValidatesOnExceptions=True}"/> 113. 114.<CheckBox x:Name="xCoverletterRequiredCB" Margin="8,8,8,15" 115.Content="Cover Letter Required" 116.Grid.Column="2" 117.Grid.Row="6" 118.IsChecked="{Binding activeJob.NeedsCV, Mode=TwoWay, NotifyOnValidationError=True, ValidatesOnExceptions=True}"/> 119. 120.<CheckBox x:Name="xOverviewRequiredCB" Margin="8,8,8,15" 121.Content="Overview Required" 122.Grid.Row="7" 123.Grid.ColumnSpan="2" 124.IsChecked="{Binding activeJob.NeedsOverview, Mode=TwoWay, NotifyOnValidationError=True, ValidatesOnExceptions=True}"/> 125. 126.<CheckBox x:Name="xJobActiveCB" Margin="8,8,8,15" 127.Content="Job is Active" 128.Grid.Column="2" 129.Grid.Row="7" 130.IsChecked="{Binding activeJob.IsActive, Mode=TwoWay, NotifyOnValidationError=True, ValidatesOnExceptions=True}"/> 131. 132. 133. 134.<Button x:Name="xAddEditButton" Margin="8,8,0,10" 135.Content="{Binding AddEditButtonString}" 136.cal:Click.Command="{Binding AddEditCommand}" 137.Grid.Column="2" 138.Grid.Row="8" 139.HorizontalAlignment="Left" 140.Width="125" 141.telerik:StyleManager.Theme="Windows7" /> 142. 143.<Button x:Name="xCancelButton" HorizontalAlignment="Right" 144.Content="Cancel" 145.cal:Click.Command="{Binding CancelCommand}" 146.Margin="0,8,8,10" 147.Width="125" 148.Grid.Column="2" 149.Grid.Row="8" 150.telerik:StyleManager.Theme="Windows7" /> 151.</Grid> 152.</Grid> The 'validationHelper:ValidationScope' line may seem odd. This is a handy little trick for catching current and would-be validation errors when working in this whole setup. This all comes from an approach found on theJoy Of Code blog, although it looks like the story for this will be changing slightly with new advances in SL4/WCF RIA Services, so this section can definitely get an overhaul a little down the road. The code is the fun part of all this, so let us see what's happening under the hood. Viewmodel for the AddEditJobView We are going to see some of the same things happening here, so I'll skip over the repeat info and get right to the good stuff: 001.public class AddEditJobViewModel : ViewModelBase 002.{ 003.private readonly IEventAggregator eventAggregator; 004.private readonly IRegionManager regionManager; 005. 006.public RecruitingContext context; 007. 008.private JobPosting _activeJob; 009.public JobPosting activeJob 010.{ 011.get { return _activeJob; } 012.set 013.{ 014.if (_activeJob != value) 015.{ 016._activeJob = value; 017.NotifyChanged("activeJob"); 018.} 019.} 020.} 021. 022.public bool isNewJob; 023. 024.private string _addEditString; 025.public string AddEditString 026.{ 027.get { return _addEditString; } 028.set 029.{ 030.if (_addEditString != value) 031.{ 032._addEditString = value; 033.NotifyChanged("AddEditString"); 034.} 035.} 036.} 037. 038.private string _addEditButtonString; 039.public string AddEditButtonString 040.{ 041.get { return _addEditButtonString; } 042.set 043.{ 044.if (_addEditButtonString != value) 045.{ 046._addEditButtonString = value; 047.NotifyChanged("AddEditButtonString"); 048.} 049.} 050.} 051. 052.public SubscriptionToken addJobToken = new SubscriptionToken(); 053.public SubscriptionToken editJobToken = new SubscriptionToken(); 054. 055.public DelegateCommand<object> AddEditCommand { get; set; } 056.public DelegateCommand<object> CancelCommand { get; set; } 057. 058.private ObservableCollection<ValidationError> _errors = new ObservableCollection<ValidationError>(); 059.public ObservableCollection<ValidationError> Errors 060.{ 061.get { return _errors; } 062.} 063. 064.private ObservableCollection<ValidationResult> _valResults = new ObservableCollection<ValidationResult>(); 065.public ObservableCollection<ValidationResult> ValResults 066.{ 067.get { return this._valResults; } 068.} 069. 070.public AddEditJobViewModel(IEventAggregator eventAgg, IRegionManager regionmanager) 071.{ 072.// set Unity items 073.this.eventAggregator = eventAgg; 074.this.regionManager = regionmanager; 075. 076.context = new RecruitingContext(); 077. 078.AddEditCommand = new DelegateCommand<object>(this.AddEditJobCommand); 079.CancelCommand = new DelegateCommand<object>(this.CancelAddEditCommand); 080. 081.SetSubscriptions(); 082.} 083. 084.#region Subscription Declaration and Events 085. 086.public void SetSubscriptions() 087.{ 088.AddJobEvent addJob = this.eventAggregator.GetEvent<AddJobEvent>(); 089. 090.if (addJobToken != null) 091.addJob.Unsubscribe(addJobToken); 092. 093.addJobToken = addJob.Subscribe(this.AddJobEventHandler); 094. 095.EditJobEvent editJob = this.eventAggregator.GetEvent<EditJobEvent>(); 096. 097.if (editJobToken != null) 098.editJob.Unsubscribe(editJobToken); 099. 100.editJobToken = editJob.Subscribe(this.EditJobEventHandler); 101.} 102. 103.public void AddJobEventHandler(bool isNew) 104.{ 105.this.activeJob = null; 106.this.activeJob = new JobPosting(); 107.this.activeJob.IsActive = true; // We assume that we want a new job to go up immediately 108.this.isNewJob = true; 109.this.AddEditString = "Add New Job Posting"; 110.this.AddEditButtonString = "Add Job"; 111. 112.MakeMeActive(this.regionManager, "MainRegion", "AddEditJobView"); 113.} 114. 115.public void EditJobEventHandler(JobPosting editJob) 116.{ 117.this.activeJob = null; 118.this.activeJob = editJob; 119.this.isNewJob = false; 120.this.AddEditString = "Edit Job Posting"; 121.this.AddEditButtonString = "Edit Job"; 122. 123.MakeMeActive(this.regionManager, "MainRegion", "AddEditJobView"); 124.} 125. 126.#endregion 127. 128.#region DelegateCommands from View 129. 130.public void AddEditJobCommand(object obj) 131.{ 132.if (this.Errors.Count > 0) 133.{ 134.List<string> errorMessages = new List<string>(); 135. 136.foreach (var valR in this.Errors) 137.{ 138.errorMessages.Add(valR.Exception.Message); 139.} 140. 141.this.eventAggregator.GetEvent<DisplayValidationErrorsEvent>().Publish(errorMessages); 142. 143.} 144.else if (!Validator.TryValidateObject(this.activeJob, new ValidationContext(this.activeJob, null, null), _valResults, true)) 145.{ 146.List<string> errorMessages = new List<string>(); 147. 148.foreach (var valR in this._valResults) 149.{ 150.errorMessages.Add(valR.ErrorMessage); 151.} 152. 153.this._valResults.Clear(); 154. 155.this.eventAggregator.GetEvent<DisplayValidationErrorsEvent>().Publish(errorMessages); 156.} 157.else 158.{ 159.if (this.isNewJob) 160.{ 161.this.eventAggregator.GetEvent<AddJobCompleteEvent>().Publish(this.activeJob); 162.} 163.else 164.{ 165.this.eventAggregator.GetEvent<EditJobCompleteEvent>().Publish(true); 166.} 167.} 168.} 169. 170.public void CancelAddEditCommand(object obj) 171.{ 172.if (this.isNewJob) 173.{ 174.this.eventAggregator.GetEvent<AddJobCompleteEvent>().Publish(null); 175.} 176.else 177.{ 178.this.eventAggregator.GetEvent<EditJobCompleteEvent>().Publish(false); 179.} 180.} 181. 182.#endregion 183.} 184.} We start seeing something new on line 103- the AddJobEventHandler will create a new job and set that to the activeJob item on the ViewModel. When this is all set, the view calls that familiar MakeMeActive method to activate itself. I made a bit of a management call on making views self-activate like this, but I figured it works for one reason. As I create this application, views may not exist that I have in mind, so after a view receives its 'ping' from being subscribed to an event, it prepares whatever it needs to do and then goes active. This way if I don't have 'edit' hooked up, I can click as the day is long on the main view and won't get lost in an empty region. Total personal preference here. :) Everything else should again be pretty straightforward, although I do a bit of validation checking in the AddEditJobCommand, which can either fire off an event back to the main view/viewmodel if everything is a success or sent a list of errors to our notification module, which pops open a RadWindow with the alerts if any exist. As a bonus side note, here's what my WCF RIA Services metadata looks like for handling all of the validation: private JobPostingMetadata() { } [StringLength(2500, ErrorMessage = "Description should be more than one and less than 2500 characters.", MinimumLength = 1)] [Required(ErrorMessage = "Description is required.")] public string Description; [Required(ErrorMessage="Active Status is Required")] public bool IsActive; [StringLength(100, ErrorMessage = "Posting title must be more than 3 but less than 100 characters.", MinimumLength = 3)] [Required(ErrorMessage = "Job Title is required.")] public bool JobTitle; [Required] public string Location; public bool NeedsCV; public bool NeedsOverview; public bool NeedsResume; public int PostingID; [Required(ErrorMessage="Qualifications are required.")] [StringLength(2500, ErrorMessage="Qualifications should be more than one and less than 2500 characters.", MinimumLength=1)] public string Qualifications; [StringLength(2500, ErrorMessage = "Requirements should be more than one and less than 2500 characters.", MinimumLength = 1)] [Required(ErrorMessage="Requirements are required.")] public string Requirements; The RecruitCB Alternative See all that Xaml I pasted above? Those are now two pieces sitting in the JobsView.xaml file now. The only real difference is that the xEditGrid now sits in the same place as xJobsGrid, with visibility swapping out between the two for a quick switch. I also took out all the cal: and command: command references and replaced Button events with clicks and the Grid selection command replaced with a SelectedItemChanged event. Also, at the bottom of the xEditGrid after the last button, I add a ValidationSummary (with Visibility=Collapsed) to catch any errors that are popping up. Simple as can be, and leads to this being the single code-behind file: 001.public partial class JobsView : UserControl 002.{ 003.public RecruitingContext context; 004.public JobPosting activeJob; 005.public bool isNew; 006.private ObservableCollection<ValidationResult> _valResults = new ObservableCollection<ValidationResult>(); 007.public ObservableCollection<ValidationResult> ValResults 008.{ 009.get { return this._valResults; } 010.} 011.public JobsView() 012.{ 013.InitializeComponent(); 014.this.Loaded += new RoutedEventHandler(JobsView_Loaded); 015.} 016.void JobsView_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 017.{ 018.context = new RecruitingContext(); 019.xJobsGrid.ItemsSource = context.JobPostings; 020.context.Load(context.GetJobPostingsQuery()); 021.} 022.private void xAddRecordButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 023.{ 024.activeJob = new JobPosting(); 025.isNew = true; 026.xAddEditTitle.Text = "Add a Job Posting"; 027.xAddEditButton.Content = "Add"; 028.xEditGrid.DataContext = activeJob; 029.HideJobsGrid(); 030.} 031.private void xEditRecordButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 032.{ 033.activeJob = xJobsGrid.SelectedItem as JobPosting; 034.isNew = false; 035.xAddEditTitle.Text = "Edit a Job Posting"; 036.xAddEditButton.Content = "Edit"; 037.xEditGrid.DataContext = activeJob; 038.HideJobsGrid(); 039.} 040.private void xAddEditButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 041.{ 042.if (!Validator.TryValidateObject(this.activeJob, new ValidationContext(this.activeJob, null, null), _valResults, true)) 043.{ 044.List<string> errorMessages = new List<string>(); 045.foreach (var valR in this._valResults) 046.{ 047.errorMessages.Add(valR.ErrorMessage); 048.} 049.this._valResults.Clear(); 050.ShowErrors(errorMessages); 051.} 052.else if (xSummary.Errors.Count > 0) 053.{ 054.List<string> errorMessages = new List<string>(); 055.foreach (var err in xSummary.Errors) 056.{ 057.errorMessages.Add(err.Message); 058.} 059.ShowErrors(errorMessages); 060.} 061.else 062.{ 063.if (this.isNew) 064.{ 065.context.JobPostings.Add(activeJob); 066.context.SubmitChanges((s) => 067.{ 068.ActionHistory thisAction = new ActionHistory(); 069.thisAction.PostingID = activeJob.PostingID; 070.thisAction.Description = String.Format("Job '{0}' has been edited by {1}", activeJob.JobTitle, "default user"); 071.thisAction.TimeStamp = DateTime.Now; 072.context.ActionHistories.Add(thisAction); 073.context.SubmitChanges(); 074.}, null); 075.} 076.else 077.{ 078.context.SubmitChanges((s) => 079.{ 080.ActionHistory thisAction = new ActionHistory(); 081.thisAction.PostingID = activeJob.PostingID; 082.thisAction.Description = String.Format("Job '{0}' has been added by {1}", activeJob.JobTitle, "default user"); 083.thisAction.TimeStamp = DateTime.Now; 084.context.ActionHistories.Add(thisAction); 085.context.SubmitChanges(); 086.}, null); 087.} 088.ShowJobsGrid(); 089.} 090.} 091.private void xCancelButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 092.{ 093.ShowJobsGrid(); 094.} 095.private void ShowJobsGrid() 096.{ 097.xAddEditRecordButtonPanel.Visibility = Visibility.Visible; 098.xEditGrid.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed; 099.xJobsGrid.Visibility = Visibility.Visible; 100.} 101.private void HideJobsGrid() 102.{ 103.xAddEditRecordButtonPanel.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed; 104.xJobsGrid.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed; 105.xEditGrid.Visibility = Visibility.Visible; 106.} 107.private void ShowErrors(List<string> errorList) 108.{ 109.string nm = "Errors received: \n"; 110.foreach (string anerror in errorList) 111.nm += anerror + "\n"; 112.RadWindow.Alert(nm); 113.} 114.} The first 39 lines should be pretty familiar, not doing anything too unorthodox to get this up and running. Once we hit the xAddEditButton_Click on line 40, we're still doing pretty much the same things except instead of checking the ValidationHelper errors, we both run a check on the current activeJob object as well as check the ValidationSummary errors list. Once that is set, we again use the callback of context.SubmitChanges (lines 68 and 78) to create an ActionHistory which we will use to track these items down the line. That's all? Essentially... yes. If you look back through this post, most of the code and adventures we have taken were just to get things working in the MVVM/Prism setup. Since I have the whole 'module' self-contained in a single JobView+code-behind setup, I don't have to worry about things like sending events off into space for someone to pick up, communicating through an Infrastructure project, or even re-inventing events to be used with attached behaviors. Everything just kinda works, and again with much less code. Here's a picture of the MVVM and Code-behind versions on the Jobs and AddEdit views, but since the functionality is the same in both apps you still cannot tell them apart (for two-strike): Looking ahead, the Applicants module is effectively the same thing as the Jobs module, so most of the code is being cut-and-pasted back and forth with minor tweaks here and there. So that one is being taken care of by me behind the scenes. Next time, we get into a new world of fun- the interview scheduling module, which will pull from available jobs and applicants for each interview being scheduled, tying everything together with RadScheduler to the rescue. Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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value types in the vm

- by john.rose

value types in the vm p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 14.0px Times} p.p2 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 14.0px 0.0px; font: 14.0px Times} p.p3 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 12.0px 0.0px; font: 14.0px Times} p.p4 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 15.0px 0.0px; font: 14.0px Times} p.p5 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 14.0px Courier} p.p6 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 14.0px Courier; min-height: 17.0px} p.p7 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 14.0px Times; min-height: 18.0px} p.p8 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 36.0px; text-indent: -36.0px; font: 14.0px Times; min-height: 18.0px} p.p9 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 12.0px 0.0px; font: 14.0px Times; min-height: 18.0px} p.p10 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 12.0px 0.0px; font: 14.0px Times; color: #000000} li.li1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 14.0px Times} li.li7 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 14.0px Times; min-height: 18.0px} span.s1 {font: 14.0px Courier} span.s2 {color: #000000} span.s3 {font: 14.0px Courier; color: #000000} ol.ol1 {list-style-type: decimal} Or, enduring values for a changing world. Introduction A value type is a data type which, generally speaking, is designed for being passed by value in and out of methods, and stored by value in data structures. The only value types which the Java language directly supports are the eight primitive types. Java indirectly and approximately supports value types, if they are implemented in terms of classes. For example, both Integer and String may be viewed as value types, especially if their usage is restricted to avoid operations appropriate to Object. In this note, we propose a definition of value types in terms of a design pattern for Java classes, accompanied by a set of usage restrictions. We also sketch the relation of such value types to tuple types (which are a JVM-level notion), and point out JVM optimizations that can apply to value types. This note is a thought experiment to extend the JVM’s performance model in support of value types. The demonstration has two phases. Initially the extension can simply use design patterns, within the current bytecode architecture, and in today’s Java language. But if the performance model is to be realized in practice, it will probably require new JVM bytecode features, changes to the Java language, or both. We will look at a few possibilities for these new features. An Axiom of Value In the context of the JVM, a value type is a data type equipped with construction, assignment, and equality operations, and a set of typed components, such that, whenever two variables of the value type produce equal corresponding values for their components, the values of the two variables cannot be distinguished by any JVM operation. Here are some corollaries: A value type is immutable, since otherwise a copy could be constructed and the original could be modified in one of its components, allowing the copies to be distinguished. Changing the component of a value type requires construction of a new value. The equals and hashCode operations are strictly component-wise. If a value type is represented by a JVM reference, that reference cannot be successfully synchronized on, and cannot be usefully compared for reference equality. A value type can be viewed in terms of what it doesn’t do. We can say that a value type omits all value-unsafe operations, which could violate the constraints on value types. These operations, which are ordinarily allowed for Java object types, are pointer equality comparison (the acmp instruction), synchronization (the monitor instructions), all the wait and notify methods of class Object, and non-trivial finalize methods. The clone method is also value-unsafe, although for value types it could be treated as the identity function. Finally, and most importantly, any side effect on an object (however visible) also counts as an value-unsafe operation. A value type may have methods, but such methods must not change the components of the value. It is reasonable and useful to define methods like toString, equals, and hashCode on value types, and also methods which are specifically valuable to users of the value type. Representations of Value Value types have two natural representations in the JVM, unboxed and boxed. An unboxed value consists of the components, as simple variables. For example, the complex number x=(1+2i), in rectangular coordinate form, may be represented in unboxed form by the following pair of variables: /*Complex x = Complex.valueOf(1.0, 2.0):*/ double x_re = 1.0, x_im = 2.0; These variables might be locals, parameters, or fields. Their association as components of a single value is not defined to the JVM. Here is a sample computation which computes the norm of the difference between two complex numbers: double distance(/*Complex x:*/ double x_re, double x_im, /*Complex y:*/ double y_re, double y_im) { /*Complex z = x.minus(y):*/ double z_re = x_re - y_re, z_im = x_im - y_im; /*return z.abs():*/ return Math.sqrt(z_re*z_re + z_im*z_im); } A boxed representation groups component values under a single object reference. The reference is to a ‘wrapper class’ that carries the component values in its fields. (A primitive type can naturally be equated with a trivial value type with just one component of that type. In that view, the wrapper class Integer can serve as a boxed representation of value type int.) The unboxed representation of complex numbers is practical for many uses, but it fails to cover several major use cases: return values, array elements, and generic APIs. The two components of a complex number cannot be directly returned from a Java function, since Java does not support multiple return values. The same story applies to array elements: Java has no ’array of structs’ feature. (Double-length arrays are a possible workaround for complex numbers, but not for value types with heterogeneous components.) By generic APIs I mean both those which use generic types, like Arrays.asList and those which have special case support for primitive types, like String.valueOf and PrintStream.println. Those APIs do not support unboxed values, and offer some problems to boxed values. Any ’real’ JVM type should have a story for returns, arrays, and API interoperability. The basic problem here is that value types fall between primitive types and object types. Value types are clearly more complex than primitive types, and object types are slightly too complicated. Objects are a little bit dangerous to use as value carriers, since object references can be compared for pointer equality, and can be synchronized on. Also, as many Java programmers have observed, there is often a performance cost to using wrapper objects, even on modern JVMs. Even so, wrapper classes are a good starting point for talking about value types. If there were a set of structural rules and restrictions which would prevent value-unsafe operations on value types, wrapper classes would provide a good notation for defining value types. This note attempts to define such rules and restrictions. Let’s Start Coding Now it is time to look at some real code. Here is a definition, written in Java, of a complex number value type. @ValueSafe public final class Complex implements java.io.Serializable { // immutable component structure: public final double re, im; private Complex(double re, double im) { this.re = re; this.im = im; } // interoperability methods: public String toString() { return "Complex("+re+","+im+")"; } public List<Double> asList() { return Arrays.asList(re, im); } public boolean equals(Complex c) { return re == c.re && im == c.im; } public boolean equals(@ValueSafe Object x) { return x instanceof Complex && equals((Complex) x); } public int hashCode() { return 31*Double.valueOf(re).hashCode() + Double.valueOf(im).hashCode(); } // factory methods: public static Complex valueOf(double re, double im) { return new Complex(re, im); } public Complex changeRe(double re2) { return valueOf(re2, im); } public Complex changeIm(double im2) { return valueOf(re, im2); } public static Complex cast(@ValueSafe Object x) { return x == null ? ZERO : (Complex) x; } // utility methods and constants: public Complex plus(Complex c) { return new Complex(re+c.re, im+c.im); } public Complex minus(Complex c) { return new Complex(re-c.re, im-c.im); } public double abs() { return Math.sqrt(re*re + im*im); } public static final Complex PI = valueOf(Math.PI, 0.0); public static final Complex ZERO = valueOf(0.0, 0.0); } This is not a minimal definition, because it includes some utility methods and other optional parts. The essential elements are as follows: The class is marked as a value type with an annotation. The class is final, because it does not make sense to create subclasses of value types. The fields of the class are all non-private and final. (I.e., the type is immutable and structurally transparent.) From the supertype Object, all public non-final methods are overridden. The constructor is private. Beyond these bare essentials, we can observe the following features in this example, which are likely to be typical of all value types: One or more factory methods are responsible for value creation, including a component-wise valueOf method. There are utility methods for complex arithmetic and instance creation, such as plus and changeIm. There are static utility constants, such as PI. The type is serializable, using the default mechanisms. There are methods for converting to and from dynamically typed references, such as asList and cast. The Rules In order to use value types properly, the programmer must avoid value-unsafe operations. A helpful Java compiler should issue errors (or at least warnings) for code which provably applies value-unsafe operations, and should issue warnings for code which might be correct but does not provably avoid value-unsafe operations. No such compilers exist today, but to simplify our account here, we will pretend that they do exist. A value-safe type is any class, interface, or type parameter marked with the @ValueSafe annotation, or any subtype of a value-safe type. If a value-safe class is marked final, it is in fact a value type. All other value-safe classes must be abstract. The non-static fields of a value class must be non-public and final, and all its constructors must be private. Under the above rules, a standard interface could be helpful to define value types like Complex. Here is an example: @ValueSafe public interface ValueType extends java.io.Serializable { // All methods listed here must get redefined. // Definitions must be value-safe, which means // they may depend on component values only. List<? extends Object> asList(); int hashCode(); boolean equals(@ValueSafe Object c); String toString(); } //@ValueSafe inherited from supertype: public final class Complex implements ValueType { … The main advantage of such a conventional interface is that (unlike an annotation) it is reified in the runtime type system. It could appear as an element type or parameter bound, for facilities which are designed to work on value types only. More broadly, it might assist the JVM to perform dynamic enforcement of the rules for value types. Besides types, the annotation @ValueSafe can mark fields, parameters, local variables, and methods. (This is redundant when the type is also value-safe, but may be useful when the type is Object or another supertype of a value type.) Working forward from these annotations, an expression E is defined as value-safe if it satisfies one or more of the following: The type of E is a value-safe type. E names a field, parameter, or local variable whose declaration is marked @ValueSafe. E is a call to a method whose declaration is marked @ValueSafe. E is an assignment to a value-safe variable, field reference, or array reference. E is a cast to a value-safe type from a value-safe expression. E is a conditional expression E0 ? E1 : E2, and both E1 and E2 are value-safe. Assignments to value-safe expressions and initializations of value-safe names must take their values from value-safe expressions. A value-safe expression may not be the subject of a value-unsafe operation. In particular, it cannot be synchronized on, nor can it be compared with the “==” operator, not even with a null or with another value-safe type. In a program where all of these rules are followed, no value-type value will be subject to a value-unsafe operation. Thus, the prime axiom of value types will be satisfied, that no two value type will be distinguishable as long as their component values are equal. More Code To illustrate these rules, here are some usage examples for Complex: Complex pi = Complex.valueOf(Math.PI, 0); Complex zero = pi.changeRe(0); //zero = pi; zero.re = 0; ValueType vtype = pi; @SuppressWarnings("value-unsafe") Object obj = pi; @ValueSafe Object obj2 = pi; obj2 = new Object(); // ok List<Complex> clist = new ArrayList<Complex>(); clist.add(pi); // (ok assuming List.add param is @ValueSafe) List<ValueType> vlist = new ArrayList<ValueType>(); vlist.add(pi); // (ok) List<Object> olist = new ArrayList<Object>(); olist.add(pi); // warning: "value-unsafe" boolean z = pi.equals(zero); boolean z1 = (pi == zero); // error: reference comparison on value type boolean z2 = (pi == null); // error: reference comparison on value type boolean z3 = (pi == obj2); // error: reference comparison on value type synchronized (pi) { } // error: synch of value, unpredictable result synchronized (obj2) { } // unpredictable result Complex qq = pi; qq = null; // possible NPE; warning: “null-unsafe" qq = (Complex) obj; // warning: “null-unsafe" qq = Complex.cast(obj); // OK @SuppressWarnings("null-unsafe") Complex empty = null; // possible NPE qq = empty; // possible NPE (null pollution) The Payoffs It follows from this that either the JVM or the java compiler can replace boxed value-type values with unboxed ones, without affecting normal computations. Fields and variables of value types can be split into their unboxed components. Non-static methods on value types can be transformed into static methods which take the components as value parameters. Some common questions arise around this point in any discussion of value types. Why burden the programmer with all these extra rules? Why not detect programs automagically and perform unboxing transparently? The answer is that it is easy to break the rules accidently unless they are agreed to by the programmer and enforced. Automatic unboxing optimizations are tantalizing but (so far) unreachable ideal. In the current state of the art, it is possible exhibit benchmarks in which automatic unboxing provides the desired effects, but it is not possible to provide a JVM with a performance model that assures the programmer when unboxing will occur. This is why I’m writing this note, to enlist help from, and provide assurances to, the programmer. Basically, I’m shooting for a good set of user-supplied “pragmas” to frame the desired optimization. Again, the important thing is that the unboxing must be done reliably, or else programmers will have no reason to work with the extra complexity of the value-safety rules. There must be a reasonably stable performance model, wherein using a value type has approximately the same performance characteristics as writing the unboxed components as separate Java variables. There are some rough corners to the present scheme. Since Java fields and array elements are initialized to null, value-type computations which incorporate uninitialized variables can produce null pointer exceptions. One workaround for this is to require such variables to be null-tested, and the result replaced with a suitable all-zero value of the value type. That is what the “cast” method does above. Generically typed APIs like List<T> will continue to manipulate boxed values always, at least until we figure out how to do reification of generic type instances. Use of such APIs will elicit warnings until their type parameters (and/or relevant members) are annotated or typed as value-safe. Retrofitting List<T> is likely to expose flaws in the present scheme, which we will need to engineer around. Here are a couple of first approaches: public interface java.util.List<@ValueSafe T> extends Collection<T> { … public interface java.util.List<T extends Object|ValueType> extends Collection<T> { … (The second approach would require disjunctive types, in which value-safety is “contagious” from the constituent types.) With more transformations, the return value types of methods can also be unboxed. This may require significant bytecode-level transformations, and would work best in the presence of a bytecode representation for multiple value groups, which I have proposed elsewhere under the title “Tuples in the VM”. But for starters, the JVM can apply this transformation under the covers, to internally compiled methods. This would give a way to express multiple return values and structured return values, which is a significant pain-point for Java programmers, especially those who work with low-level structure types favored by modern vector and graphics processors. The lack of multiple return values has a strong distorting effect on many Java APIs. Even if the JVM fails to unbox a value, there is still potential benefit to the value type. Clustered computing systems something have copy operations (serialization or something similar) which apply implicitly to command operands. When copying JVM objects, it is extremely helpful to know when an object’s identity is important or not. If an object reference is a copied operand, the system may have to create a proxy handle which points back to the original object, so that side effects are visible. Proxies must be managed carefully, and this can be expensive. On the other hand, value types are exactly those types which a JVM can “copy and forget” with no downside. Array types are crucial to bulk data interfaces. (As data sizes and rates increase, bulk data becomes more important than scalar data, so arrays are definitely accompanying us into the future of computing.) Value types are very helpful for adding structure to bulk data, so a successful value type mechanism will make it easier for us to express richer forms of bulk data. Unboxing arrays (i.e., arrays containing unboxed values) will provide better cache and memory density, and more direct data movement within clustered or heterogeneous computing systems. They require the deepest transformations, relative to today’s JVM. There is an impedance mismatch between value-type arrays and Java’s covariant array typing, so compromises will need to be struck with existing Java semantics. It is probably worth the effort, since arrays of unboxed value types are inherently more memory-efficient than standard Java arrays, which rely on dependent pointer chains. It may be sufficient to extend the “value-safe” concept to array declarations, and allow low-level transformations to change value-safe array declarations from the standard boxed form into an unboxed tuple-based form. Such value-safe arrays would not be convertible to Object[] arrays. Certain connection points, such as Arrays.copyOf and System.arraycopy might need additional input/output combinations, to allow smooth conversion between arrays with boxed and unboxed elements. Alternatively, the correct solution may have to wait until we have enough reification of generic types, and enough operator overloading, to enable an overhaul of Java arrays. Implicit Method Definitions The example of class Complex above may be unattractively complex. I believe most or all of the elements of the example class are required by the logic of value types. If this is true, a programmer who writes a value type will have to write lots of error-prone boilerplate code. On the other hand, I think nearly all of the code (except for the domain-specific parts like plus and minus) can be implicitly generated. Java has a rule for implicitly defining a class’s constructor, if no it defines no constructors explicitly. Likewise, there are rules for providing default access modifiers for interface members. Because of the highly regular structure of value types, it might be reasonable to perform similar implicit transformations on value types. Here’s an example of a “highly implicit” definition of a complex number type: public class Complex implements ValueType { // implicitly final public double re, im; // implicitly public final //implicit methods are defined elementwise from te fields: // toString, asList, equals(2), hashCode, valueOf, cast //optionally, explicit methods (plus, abs, etc.) would go here } In other words, with the right defaults, a simple value type definition can be a one-liner. The observant reader will have noticed the similarities (and suitable differences) between the explicit methods above and the corresponding methods for List<T>. Another way to abbreviate such a class would be to make an annotation the primary trigger of the functionality, and to add the interface(s) implicitly: public @ValueType class Complex { … // implicitly final, implements ValueType (But to me it seems better to communicate the “magic” via an interface, even if it is rooted in an annotation.) Implicitly Defined Value Types So far we have been working with nominal value types, which is to say that the sequence of typed components is associated with a name and additional methods that convey the intention of the programmer. A simple ordered pair of floating point numbers can be variously interpreted as (to name a few possibilities) a rectangular or polar complex number or Cartesian point. The name and the methods convey the intended meaning. But what if we need a truly simple ordered pair of floating point numbers, without any further conceptual baggage? Perhaps we are writing a method (like “divideAndRemainder”) which naturally returns a pair of numbers instead of a single number. Wrapping the pair of numbers in a nominal type (like “QuotientAndRemainder”) makes as little sense as wrapping a single return value in a nominal type (like “Quotient”). What we need here are structural value types commonly known as tuples. For the present discussion, let us assign a conventional, JVM-friendly name to tuples, roughly as follows: public class java.lang.tuple.$DD extends java.lang.tuple.Tuple { double $1, $2; } Here the component names are fixed and all the required methods are defined implicitly. The supertype is an abstract class which has suitable shared declarations. The name itself mentions a JVM-style method parameter descriptor, which may be “cracked” to determine the number and types of the component fields. The odd thing about such a tuple type (and structural types in general) is it must be instantiated lazily, in response to linkage requests from one or more classes that need it. The JVM and/or its class loaders must be prepared to spin a tuple type on demand, given a simple name reference, $xyz, where the xyz is cracked into a series of component types. (Specifics of naming and name mangling need some tasteful engineering.) Tuples also seem to demand, even more than nominal types, some support from the language. (This is probably because notations for non-nominal types work best as combinations of punctuation and type names, rather than named constructors like Function3 or Tuple2.) At a minimum, languages with tuples usually (I think) have some sort of simple bracket notation for creating tuples, and a corresponding pattern-matching syntax (or “destructuring bind”) for taking tuples apart, at least when they are parameter lists. Designing such a syntax is no simple thing, because it ought to play well with nominal value types, and also with pre-existing Java features, such as method parameter lists, implicit conversions, generic types, and reflection. That is a task for another day. Other Use Cases Besides complex numbers and simple tuples there are many use cases for value types. Many tuple-like types have natural value-type representations. These include rational numbers, point locations and pixel colors, and various kinds of dates and addresses. Other types have a variable-length ‘tail’ of internal values. The most common example of this is String, which is (mathematically) a sequence of UTF-16 character values. Similarly, bit vectors, multiple-precision numbers, and polynomials are composed of sequences of values. Such types include, in their representation, a reference to a variable-sized data structure (often an array) which (somehow) represents the sequence of values. The value type may also include ’header’ information. Variable-sized values often have a length distribution which favors short lengths. In that case, the design of the value type can make the first few values in the sequence be direct ’header’ fields of the value type. In the common case where the header is enough to represent the whole value, the tail can be a shared null value, or even just a null reference. Note that the tail need not be an immutable object, as long as the header type encapsulates it well enough. This is the case with String, where the tail is a mutable (but never mutated) character array. Field types and their order must be a globally visible part of the API. The structure of the value type must be transparent enough to have a globally consistent unboxed representation, so that all callers and callees agree about the type and order of components that appear as parameters, return types, and array elements. This is a trade-off between efficiency and encapsulation, which is forced on us when we remove an indirection enjoyed by boxed representations. A JVM-only transformation would not care about such visibility, but a bytecode transformation would need to take care that (say) the components of complex numbers would not get swapped after a redefinition of Complex and a partial recompile. Perhaps constant pool references to value types need to declare the field order as assumed by each API user. This brings up the delicate status of private fields in a value type. It must always be possible to load, store, and copy value types as coordinated groups, and the JVM performs those movements by moving individual scalar values between locals and stack. If a component field is not public, what is to prevent hostile code from plucking it out of the tuple using a rogue aload or astore instruction? Nothing but the verifier, so we may need to give it more smarts, so that it treats value types as inseparable groups of stack slots or locals (something like long or double). My initial thought was to make the fields always public, which would make the security problem moot. But public is not always the right answer; consider the case of String, where the underlying mutable character array must be encapsulated to prevent security holes. I believe we can win back both sides of the tradeoff, by training the verifier never to split up the components in an unboxed value. Just as the verifier encapsulates the two halves of a 64-bit primitive, it can encapsulate the the header and body of an unboxed String, so that no code other than that of class String itself can take apart the values. Similar to String, we could build an efficient multi-precision decimal type along these lines: public final class DecimalValue extends ValueType { protected final long header; protected private final BigInteger digits; public DecimalValue valueOf(int value, int scale) { assert(scale >= 0); return new DecimalValue(((long)value << 32) + scale, null); } public DecimalValue valueOf(long value, int scale) { if (value == (int) value) return valueOf((int)value, scale); return new DecimalValue(-scale, new BigInteger(value)); } } Values of this type would be passed between methods as two machine words. Small values (those with a significand which fits into 32 bits) would be represented without any heap data at all, unless the DecimalValue itself were boxed. (Note the tension between encapsulation and unboxing in this case. It would be better if the header and digits fields were private, but depending on where the unboxing information must “leak”, it is probably safer to make a public revelation of the internal structure.) Note that, although an array of Complex can be faked with a double-length array of double, there is no easy way to fake an array of unboxed DecimalValues. (Either an array of boxed values or a transposed pair of homogeneous arrays would be reasonable fallbacks, in a current JVM.) Getting the full benefit of unboxing and arrays will require some new JVM magic. Although the JVM emphasizes portability, system dependent code will benefit from using machine-level types larger than 64 bits. For example, the back end of a linear algebra package might benefit from value types like Float4 which map to stock vector types. This is probably only worthwhile if the unboxing arrays can be packed with such values. More Daydreams A more finely-divided design for dynamic enforcement of value safety could feature separate marker interfaces for each invariant. An empty marker interface Unsynchronizable could cause suitable exceptions for monitor instructions on objects in marked classes. More radically, a Interchangeable marker interface could cause JVM primitives that are sensitive to object identity to raise exceptions; the strangest result would be that the acmp instruction would have to be specified as raising an exception. @ValueSafe public interface ValueType extends java.io.Serializable, Unsynchronizable, Interchangeable { … public class Complex implements ValueType { // inherits Serializable, Unsynchronizable, Interchangeable, @ValueSafe … It seems possible that Integer and the other wrapper types could be retro-fitted as value-safe types. This is a major change, since wrapper objects would be unsynchronizable and their references interchangeable. It is likely that code which violates value-safety for wrapper types exists but is uncommon. It is less plausible to retro-fit String, since the prominent operation String.intern is often used with value-unsafe code. We should also reconsider the distinction between boxed and unboxed values in code. The design presented above obscures that distinction. As another thought experiment, we could imagine making a first class distinction in the type system between boxed and unboxed representations. Since only primitive types are named with a lower-case initial letter, we could define that the capitalized version of a value type name always refers to the boxed representation, while the initial lower-case variant always refers to boxed. For example: complex pi = complex.valueOf(Math.PI, 0); Complex boxPi = pi; // convert to boxed myList.add(boxPi); complex z = myList.get(0); // unbox Such a convention could perhaps absorb the current difference between int and Integer, double and Double. It might also allow the programmer to express a helpful distinction among array types. As said above, array types are crucial to bulk data interfaces, but are limited in the JVM. Extending arrays beyond the present limitations is worth thinking about; for example, the Maxine JVM implementation has a hybrid object/array type. Something like this which can also accommodate value type components seems worthwhile. On the other hand, does it make sense for value types to contain short arrays? And why should random-access arrays be the end of our design process, when bulk data is often sequentially accessed, and it might make sense to have heterogeneous streams of data as the natural “jumbo” data structure. These considerations must wait for another day and another note. More Work It seems to me that a good sequence for introducing such value types would be as follows: Add the value-safety restrictions to an experimental version of javac. Code some sample applications with value types, including Complex and DecimalValue. Create an experimental JVM which internally unboxes value types but does not require new bytecodes to do so. Ensure the feasibility of the performance model for the sample applications. Add tuple-like bytecodes (with or without generic type reification) to a major revision of the JVM, and teach the Java compiler to switch in the new bytecodes without code changes. A staggered roll-out like this would decouple language changes from bytecode changes, which is always a convenient thing. A similar investigation should be applied (concurrently) to array types. In this case, it seems to me that the starting point is in the JVM: Add an experimental unboxing array data structure to a production JVM, perhaps along the lines of Maxine hybrids. No bytecode or language support is required at first; everything can be done with encapsulated unsafe operations and/or method handles. Create an experimental JVM which internally unboxes value types but does not require new bytecodes to do so. Ensure the feasibility of the performance model for the sample applications. Add tuple-like bytecodes (with or without generic type reification) to a major revision of the JVM, and teach the Java compiler to switch in the new bytecodes without code changes. That’s enough musing me for now. Back to work!

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Scrolling an HTML 5 page using JQuery

- by nikolaosk

In this post I will show you how to use JQuery to scroll through an HTML 5 page.I had to help a friend of mine to implement this functionality and I thought it would be a good idea to write a post.I will not use any JQuery scrollbar plugin,I will just use the very popular JQuery Library. Please download the library (minified version) from http://jquery.com/download.Please find here all my posts regarding JQuery.Also have a look at my posts regarding HTML 5.In order to be absolutely clear this is not (and could not be) a detailed tutorial on HTML 5. There are other great resources for that.Navigate to the excellent interactive tutorials of W3School.Another excellent resource is HTML 5 Doctor.Two very nice sites that show you what features and specifications are implemented by various browsers and their versions are http://caniuse.com/ and http://html5test.com/. At this times Chrome seems to support most of HTML 5 specifications.Another excellent way to find out if the browser supports HTML 5 and CSS 3 features is to use the Javascript lightweight library Modernizr.In this hands-on example I will be using Expression Web 4.0.This application is not a free application. You can use any HTML editor you like.You can use Visual Studio 2012 Express edition. You can download it here. Let me move on to the actual example.This is the sample HTML 5 page<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"> <head> <title>Liverpool Legends</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" > <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css"> <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-1.8.2.min.js"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="scroll.js"> </script> </head> <body> <header> <h1>Liverpool Legends</h1> </header> <div id="main"> <table> <caption>Liverpool Players</caption> <thead> <tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Photo</th> <th>Position</th> <th>Age</th> <th>Scroll</th> </tr> </thead> <tfoot class="footnote"> <tr> <td colspan="4">We will add more photos soon</td> </tr> </tfoot> <tbody> <tr class="maintop"> <td>Alan Hansen</td> <td> <figure> <img src="images\Alan-hansen-large.jpg" alt="Alan Hansen"> <figcaption>The best Liverpool Defender <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Hansen">Alan Hansen</a></figcaption> </figure> </td> <td>Defender</td> <td>57</td> <td class="top">Middle</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Graeme Souness</td> <td> <figure> <img src="images\graeme-souness-large.jpg" alt="Graeme Souness"> <figcaption>Souness was the captain of the successful Liverpool team of the early 1980s <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graeme_Souness">Graeme Souness</a></figcaption> </figure> </td> <td>MidFielder</td> <td>59</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Ian Rush</td> <td> <figure> <img src="images\ian-rush-large.jpg" alt="Ian Rush"> <figcaption>The deadliest Liverpool Striker <a href="http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Rush">Ian Rush</a></figcaption> </figure> </td> <td>Striker</td> <td>51</td> </tr> <tr class="mainmiddle"> <td>John Barnes</td> <td> <figure> <img src="images\john-barnes-large.jpg" alt="John Barnes"> <figcaption>The best Liverpool Defender <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Barnes_(footballer)">John Barnes</a></figcaption> </figure> </td> <td>MidFielder</td> <td>49</td> <td class="middle">Bottom</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Kenny Dalglish</td> <td> <figure> <img src="images\kenny-dalglish-large.jpg" alt="Kenny Dalglish"> <figcaption>King Kenny <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenny_Dalglish">Kenny Dalglish</a></figcaption> </figure> </td> <td>Midfielder</td> <td>61</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Michael Owen</td> <td> <figure> <img src="images\michael-owen-large.jpg" alt="Michael Owen"> <figcaption>Michael was Liverpool's top goal scorer from 1997–2004 <a href="http://www.michaelowen.com/">Michael Owen</a></figcaption> </figure> </td> <td>Striker</td> <td>33</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Robbie Fowler</td> <td> <figure> <img src="images\robbie-fowler-large.jpg" alt="Robbie Fowler"> <figcaption>Fowler scored 183 goals in total for Liverpool <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robbie_Fowler">Robbie Fowler</a></figcaption> </figure> </td> <td>Striker</td> <td>38</td> </tr> <tr class="mainbottom"> <td>Steven Gerrard</td> <td> <figure> <img src="images\steven-gerrard-large.jpg" alt="Steven Gerrard"> <figcaption>Liverpool's captain <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_Gerrard">Steven Gerrard</a></figcaption> </figure> </td> <td>Midfielder</td> <td>32</td> <td class="bottom">Top</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> <footer> <p>All Rights Reserved</p> </footer> </body> </html> The markup is very easy to follow and understand. You do not have to type all the code,simply copy and paste it.For those that you are not familiar with HTML 5, please take a closer look at the new tags/elements introduced with HTML 5.When I view the HTML 5 page with Firefox I see the following result. I have also an external stylesheet (style.css). body{background-color:#efefef;}h1{font-size:2.3em;}table { border-collapse: collapse;font-family: Futura, Arial, sans-serif; }caption { font-size: 1.2em; margin: 1em auto; }th, td {padding: .65em; }th, thead { background: #000; color: #fff; border: 1px solid #000; }tr:nth-child(odd) { background: #ccc; }tr:nth-child(even) { background: #404040; }td { border-right: 1px solid #777; }table { border: 1px solid #777; }.top, .middle, .bottom { cursor: pointer; font-size: 22px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;}.footnote{text-align:center;font-family:Tahoma;color:#EB7515;}a{color:#22577a;text-decoration:none;} a:hover {color:#125949; text-decoration:none;} footer{background-color:#505050;width:1150px;}These are just simple CSS Rules that style the various HTML 5 tags,classes. The jQuery code that makes it all possible resides inside the scroll.js file.Make sure you type everything correctly.$(document).ready(function() { $('.top').click(function(){ $('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: $(".mainmiddle").offset().top },4000 ); }); $('.middle').click(function(){ $('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: $(".mainbottom").offset().top },4000); }); $('.bottom').click(function(){ $('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: $(".maintop").offset().top },4000); }); }); Let me explain what I am doing here.When I click on the Middle word ( $('.top').click(function(){ ) this relates to the top class that is clicked.Then we declare the elements that we want to participate in the scrolling. In this case is html,body ( $('html, body').animate).These elements will be part of the vertical scrolling.In the next line of code we simply move (navigate) to the element (class mainmiddle that is attached to a tr element.) scrollTop: $(".mainmiddle").offset().top Make sure you type all the code correctly and try it for yourself. I have tested this solution will all 4-5 major browsers.Hope it helps!!!

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JavaMail not sending Subject or From under jetty:run-war

- by Jason Thrasher

Has anyone seen JavaMail not sending proper MimeMessages to an SMTP server, depending on how the JVM in started? At the end of the day, I can't send JavaMail SMTP messages with Subject: or From: fields, and it appears other headers are missing, only when running the app as a war. The web project is built with Maven and I'm testing sending JavaMail using a browser and a simple mail.jsp to debug and see different behavior when launching the app with: 1) mvn jetty:run (mail sends fine, with proper Subject and From fields) 2) mvn jetty:run-war (mail sends fine, but missing Subject, From, and other fields) I've meticulously run diff on the (verbose) Maven debug output (-X), and there are zero differences in the runtime dependencies between the two. I've also compared System properties, and they are identical. Something else is happening the jetty:run-war case that changes the way JavaMail behaves. What other stones need turning? Curiously, I've tried a debugger in both situations and found that the javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage instance is getting created differently. The webapp is using Spring to send email picked off of an Apache ActiveMQ queue. When running the app as mvn jetty:run the MimeMessage.contentStream variable is used for message content. When running as mvn jetty:run-war, the MimeMessage.content variable is used for the message contents, and the content = ASCIIUtility.getBytes(is); call removes all of the header data from the parsed content. Since this seemed very odd, and debugging Spring/ActiveMQ is a deep dive, I created a simplified test without any of that infrastructure: just a JSP using mail-1.4.2.jar, yet the same headers are missing. Also of note, these headers are missing when running the WAR file under Tomcat 5.5.27. Tomcat behaves just like Jetty when running the WAR, with the same missing headers. With JavaMail debugging turned on, I clearly see different output. GOOD CASE: In the jetty:run (non-WAR) the log output is: DEBUG: JavaMail version 1.4.2 DEBUG: successfully loaded resource: /META-INF/javamail.default.providers DEBUG: Tables of loaded providers DEBUG: Providers Listed By Class Name: {com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPSSLTransport=javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtps,com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPSSLTransport,Sun Microsystems, Inc], com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport=javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtp,com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport,Sun Microsystems, Inc], com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPSSLStore=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,imaps,com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPSSLStore,Sun Microsystems, Inc], com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3SSLStore=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,pop3s,com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3SSLStore,Sun Microsystems, Inc], com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPStore=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,imap,com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPStore,Sun Microsystems, Inc], com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3Store=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,pop3,com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3Store,Sun Microsystems, Inc]} DEBUG: Providers Listed By Protocol: {imaps=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,imaps,com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPSSLStore,Sun Microsystems, Inc], imap=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,imap,com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPStore,Sun Microsystems, Inc], smtps=javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtps,com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPSSLTransport,Sun Microsystems, Inc], pop3=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,pop3,com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3Store,Sun Microsystems, Inc], pop3s=javax.mail.Provider[STORE,pop3s,com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3SSLStore,Sun Microsystems, Inc], smtp=javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtp,com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport,Sun Microsystems, Inc]} DEBUG: successfully loaded resource: /META-INF/javamail.default.address.map DEBUG: getProvider() returning javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtp,com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport,Sun Microsystems, Inc] DEBUG SMTP: useEhlo true, useAuth true DEBUG SMTP: trying to connect to host "mail.authsmtp.com", port 465, isSSL false 220 mail.authsmtp.com ESMTP Sendmail 8.14.2/8.14.2/Kp; Thu, 18 Jun 2009 01:35:24 +0100 (BST) DEBUG SMTP: connected to host "mail.authsmtp.com", port: 465 EHLO jmac.local 250-mail.authsmtp.com Hello sul-pubs-3a.Stanford.EDU [171.66.201.2], pleased to meet you 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-PIPELINING 250-8BITMIME 250-SIZE 52428800 250-AUTH CRAM-MD5 DIGEST-MD5 LOGIN PLAIN 250-DELIVERBY 250 HELP DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES", arg "" DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "PIPELINING", arg "" DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "8BITMIME", arg "" DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "SIZE", arg "52428800" DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "AUTH", arg "CRAM-MD5 DIGEST-MD5 LOGIN PLAIN" DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "DELIVERBY", arg "" DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "HELP", arg "" DEBUG SMTP: Attempt to authenticate DEBUG SMTP: check mechanisms: LOGIN PLAIN DIGEST-MD5 AUTH LOGIN 334 VXNlcm5hjbt7 YWM0MDkwhi== 334 UGFzc3dvjbt7 YXV0aHNtdHAydog3 235 2.0.0 OK Authenticated DEBUG SMTP: use8bit false MAIL FROM:<[email protected]> 250 2.1.0 <[email protected]>... Sender ok RCPT TO:<[email protected]> 250 2.1.5 <[email protected]>... Recipient ok DEBUG SMTP: Verified Addresses DEBUG SMTP: Jason Thrasher <[email protected]> DATA 354 Enter mail, end with "." on a line by itself From: Webmaster <[email protected]> To: Jason Thrasher <[email protected]> Message-ID: <[email protected]> Subject: non-Spring: Hello World MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hello World: message body here . 250 2.0.0 n5I0ZOkD085654 Message accepted for delivery QUIT 221 2.0.0 mail.authsmtp.com closing connection BAD CASE: The log output when running as a WAR, with missing headers, is quite different: Loading javamail.default.providers from jar:file:/Users/jason/.m2/repository/javax/mail/mail/1.4.2/mail-1.4.2.jar!/META-INF/javamail.default.providers DEBUG: loading new provider protocol=imap, className=com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPStore, vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc, version=null DEBUG: loading new provider protocol=imaps, className=com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPSSLStore, vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc, version=null DEBUG: loading new provider protocol=smtp, className=com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport, vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc, version=null DEBUG: loading new provider protocol=smtps, className=com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPSSLTransport, vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc, version=null DEBUG: loading new provider protocol=pop3, className=com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3Store, vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc, version=null DEBUG: loading new provider protocol=pop3s, className=com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3SSLStore, vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc, version=null Loading javamail.default.providers from jar:file:/Users/jason/Documents/dev/subscribeatron/software/trunk/web/struts/target/work/webapp/WEB-INF/lib/mail-1.4.2.jar!/META-INF/javamail.default.providers DEBUG: loading new provider protocol=imap, className=com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPStore, vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc, version=null DEBUG: loading new provider protocol=imaps, className=com.sun.mail.imap.IMAPSSLStore, vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc, version=null DEBUG: loading new provider protocol=smtp, className=com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport, vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc, version=null DEBUG: loading new provider protocol=smtps, className=com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPSSLTransport, vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc, version=null DEBUG: loading new provider protocol=pop3, className=com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3Store, vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc, version=null DEBUG: loading new provider protocol=pop3s, className=com.sun.mail.pop3.POP3SSLStore, vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc, version=null DEBUG: getProvider() returning provider protocol=smtp; type=javax.mail.Provider$Type@98203f; class=com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport; vendor=Sun Microsystems, Inc DEBUG SMTP: useEhlo true, useAuth false DEBUG SMTP: trying to connect to host "mail.authsmtp.com", port 465, isSSL false 220 mail.authsmtp.com ESMTP Sendmail 8.14.2/8.14.2/Kp; Thu, 18 Jun 2009 01:51:46 +0100 (BST) DEBUG SMTP: connected to host "mail.authsmtp.com", port: 465 EHLO jmac.local 250-mail.authsmtp.com Hello sul-pubs-3a.Stanford.EDU [171.66.201.2], pleased to meet you 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-PIPELINING 250-8BITMIME 250-SIZE 52428800 250-AUTH CRAM-MD5 DIGEST-MD5 LOGIN PLAIN 250-DELIVERBY 250 HELP DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES", arg "" DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "PIPELINING", arg "" DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "8BITMIME", arg "" DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "SIZE", arg "52428800" DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "AUTH", arg "CRAM-MD5 DIGEST-MD5 LOGIN PLAIN" DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "DELIVERBY", arg "" DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "HELP", arg "" DEBUG SMTP: Attempt to authenticate DEBUG SMTP: check mechanisms: LOGIN PLAIN DIGEST-MD5 AUTH LOGIN 334 VXNlcm5hjbt7 YWM0MDkwhi== 334 UGFzc3dvjbt7 YXV0aHNtdHAydog3 235 2.0.0 OK Authenticated DEBUG SMTP: use8bit false MAIL FROM:<[email protected]> 250 2.1.0 <[email protected]>... Sender ok RCPT TO:<[email protected]> 250 2.1.5 <[email protected]>... Recipient ok DEBUG SMTP: Verified Addresses DEBUG SMTP: Jason Thrasher <[email protected]> DATA 354 Enter mail, end with "." on a line by itself Hello World: message body here . 250 2.0.0 n5I0pkSc090137 Message accepted for delivery QUIT 221 2.0.0 mail.authsmtp.com closing connection Here's the actual mail.jsp that I'm testing war/non-war with. <%@page import="java.util.*"%> <%@page import="javax.mail.internet.*"%> <%@page import="javax.mail.*"%> <% InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress("[email protected]", "Webmaster"); InternetAddress to = new InternetAddress("[email protected]", "Jason Thrasher"); String subject = "non-Spring: Hello World"; String content = "Hello World: message body here"; final Properties props = new Properties(); props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp"); props.setProperty("mail.host", "mail.authsmtp.com"); props.setProperty("mail.port", "465"); props.setProperty("mail.username", "myusername"); props.setProperty("mail.password", "secret"); props.setProperty("mail.debug", "true"); props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); props.setProperty("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory"); props.setProperty("mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback", "false"); Session mailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(props); Message message = new MimeMessage(mailSession); message.setFrom(from); message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to); message.setSubject(subject); message.setContent(content, "text/plain;charset=UTF-8"); Transport trans = mailSession.getTransport(); trans.connect(props.getProperty("mail.host"), Integer .parseInt(props.getProperty("mail.port")), props .getProperty("mail.username"), props .getProperty("mail.password")); trans.sendMessage(message, message .getRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO)); trans.close(); %> email was sent SOLUTION: Yes, the problem was transitive dependencies of Apache CXF 2. I had to exclude geronimo-javamail_1.4_spec from the build, and just rely on javax's mail-1.4.jar. <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId> <version>2.2.6</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId> <artifactId>geronimo-javamail_1.4_spec</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> Thanks for all of the answers.

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Database Tutorial: The method open() is undefined for the type MainActivity.DBAdapter

- by user2203633

I am trying to do this database tutorial on SQLite Eclipse: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-IV87qQ00M But I get a few errors at the end.. at db.ppen(); i get error: The method open() is undefined for the type MainActivity.DBAdapter and similar for insert record and close. MainActivity: package com.example.studentdatabase; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import android.app.Activity; import android.app.ListActivity; import android.content.Intent; import android.database.Cursor; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.BaseAdapter; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ //DBAdapter db = new DBAdapter(this); @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); Button addBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.add); addBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Intent i = new Intent(MainActivity.this, addassignment.class); startActivity(i); } }); try { String destPath = "/data/data/" + getPackageName() + "/databases/AssignmentDB"; File f = new File(destPath); if (!f.exists()) { CopyDB( getBaseContext().getAssets().open("mydb"), new FileOutputStream(destPath)); } } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } DBAdapter db = new DBAdapter(); //---add an assignment--- db.open(); long id = db.insertRecord("Hello World", "2/18/2012", "DPR 224", "First Android Project"); id = db.insertRecord("Workbook Exercises", "3/1/2012", "MAT 100", "Do odd numbers"); db.close(); //---get all Records--- /* db.open(); Cursor c = db.getAllRecords(); if (c.moveToFirst()) { do { DisplayRecord(c); } while (c.moveToNext()); } db.close(); */ /* //---get a Record--- db.open(); Cursor c = db.getRecord(2); if (c.moveToFirst()) DisplayRecord(c); else Toast.makeText(this, "No Assignments found", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); db.close(); */ //---update Record--- /* db.open(); if (db.updateRecord(1, "Hello Android", "2/19/2012", "DPR 224", "First Android Project")) Toast.makeText(this, "Update successful.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); else Toast.makeText(this, "Update failed.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); db.close(); */ /* //---delete a Record--- db.open(); if (db.deleteRecord(1)) Toast.makeText(this, "Delete successful.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); else Toast.makeText(this, "Delete failed.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); db.close(); */ } private class DBAdapter extends BaseAdapter { private LayoutInflater mInflater; //private ArrayList<> @Override public int getCount() { return 0; } @Override public Object getItem(int arg0) { return null; } @Override public long getItemId(int arg0) { return 0; } @Override public View getView(int arg0, View arg1, ViewGroup arg2) { return null; } } public void CopyDB(InputStream inputStream, OutputStream outputStream) throws IOException { //---copy 1K bytes at a time--- byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int length; while ((length = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) { outputStream.write(buffer, 0, length); } inputStream.close(); outputStream.close(); } public void DisplayRecord(Cursor c) { Toast.makeText(this, "id: " + c.getString(0) + "\n" + "Title: " + c.getString(1) + "\n" + "Due Date: " + c.getString(2), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } public void addAssignment(View view) { Intent i = new Intent("com.pinchtapzoom.addassignment"); startActivity(i); Log.d("TAG", "Clicked"); } } DBAdapter code: package com.example.studentdatabase; public class DBAdapter { public static final String KEY_ROWID = "id"; public static final String KEY_TITLE = "title"; public static final String KEY_DUEDATE = "duedate"; public static final String KEY_COURSE = "course"; public static final String KEY_NOTES = "notes"; private static final String TAG = "DBAdapter"; private static final String DATABASE_NAME = "AssignmentsDB"; private static final String DATABASE_TABLE = "assignments"; private static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 2; private static final String DATABASE_CREATE = "create table if not exists assignments (id integer primary key autoincrement, " + "title VARCHAR not null, duedate date, course VARCHAR, notes VARCHAR );"; private final Context context; private DatabaseHelper DBHelper; private SQLiteDatabase db; public DBAdapter(Context ctx) { this.context = ctx; DBHelper = new DatabaseHelper(context); } private static class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper { DatabaseHelper(Context context) { super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION); } @Override public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) { try { db.execSQL(DATABASE_CREATE); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) { Log.w(TAG, "Upgrading database from version " + oldVersion + " to " + newVersion + ", which will destroy all old data"); db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS contacts"); onCreate(db); } } //---opens the database--- public DBAdapter open() throws SQLException { db = DBHelper.getWritableDatabase(); return this; } //---closes the database--- public void close() { DBHelper.close(); } //---insert a record into the database--- public long insertRecord(String title, String duedate, String course, String notes) { ContentValues initialValues = new ContentValues(); initialValues.put(KEY_TITLE, title); initialValues.put(KEY_DUEDATE, duedate); initialValues.put(KEY_COURSE, course); initialValues.put(KEY_NOTES, notes); return db.insert(DATABASE_TABLE, null, initialValues); } //---deletes a particular record--- public boolean deleteContact(long rowId) { return db.delete(DATABASE_TABLE, KEY_ROWID + "=" + rowId, null) > 0; } //---retrieves all the records--- public Cursor getAllRecords() { return db.query(DATABASE_TABLE, new String[] {KEY_ROWID, KEY_TITLE, KEY_DUEDATE, KEY_COURSE, KEY_NOTES}, null, null, null, null, null); } //---retrieves a particular record--- public Cursor getRecord(long rowId) throws SQLException { Cursor mCursor = db.query(true, DATABASE_TABLE, new String[] {KEY_ROWID, KEY_TITLE, KEY_DUEDATE, KEY_COURSE, KEY_NOTES}, KEY_ROWID + "=" + rowId, null, null, null, null, null); if (mCursor != null) { mCursor.moveToFirst(); } return mCursor; } //---updates a record--- public boolean updateRecord(long rowId, String title, String duedate, String course, String notes) { ContentValues args = new ContentValues(); args.put(KEY_TITLE, title); args.put(KEY_DUEDATE, duedate); args.put(KEY_COURSE, course); args.put(KEY_NOTES, notes); return db.update(DATABASE_TABLE, args, KEY_ROWID + "=" + rowId, null) > 0; } } addassignment code: package com.example.studentdatabase; public class addassignment extends Activity { DBAdapter db = new DBAdapter(this); @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.add); } public void addAssignment(View v) { Log.d("test", "adding"); //get data from form EditText nameTxt = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.editTitle); EditText dateTxt = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.editDuedate); EditText courseTxt = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.editCourse); EditText notesTxt = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.editNotes); db.open(); long id = db.insertRecord(nameTxt.getText().toString(), dateTxt.getText().toString(), courseTxt.getText().toString(), notesTxt.getText().toString()); db.close(); nameTxt.setText(""); dateTxt.setText(""); courseTxt.setText(""); notesTxt.setText(""); Toast.makeText(addassignment.this,"Assignment Added", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } public void viewAssignments(View v) { Intent i = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class); startActivity(i); } } What is wrong here? Thanks in advance.

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Is there a Math.atan2 substitute for j2ME? Blackberry development

- by Kai

I have a wide variety of locations stored in my persistent object that contain latitudes and longitudes in double(43.7389, 7.42577) format. I need to be able to grab the user's latitude and longitude and select all items within, say 1 mile. Walking distance. I have done this in PHP so I snagged my PHP code and transferred it to Java, where everything plugged in fine until I figured out J2ME doesn't support atan2(double, double). So, after some searching, I find a small snippet of code that is supposed to be a substitute for atan2. Here is the code: public double atan2(double y, double x) { double coeff_1 = Math.PI / 4d; double coeff_2 = 3d * coeff_1; double abs_y = Math.abs(y)+ 1e-10f; double r, angle; if (x >= 0d) { r = (x - abs_y) / (x + abs_y); angle = coeff_1; } else { r = (x + abs_y) / (abs_y - x); angle = coeff_2; } angle += (0.1963f * r * r - 0.9817f) * r; return y < 0.0f ? -angle : angle; } I am getting odd results from this. My min and max latitude and longitudes are coming back as incredibly low numbers that can't possibly be right. Like 0.003785746 when I am expecting something closer to the original lat and long values (43.7389, 7.42577). Since I am no master of advanced math, I don't really know what to look for here. Perhaps someone else may have an answer. Here is my complete code: package store_finder; import java.util.Vector; import javax.microedition.location.Criteria; import javax.microedition.location.Location; import javax.microedition.location.LocationException; import javax.microedition.location.LocationListener; import javax.microedition.location.LocationProvider; import javax.microedition.location.QualifiedCoordinates; import net.rim.blackberry.api.invoke.Invoke; import net.rim.blackberry.api.invoke.MapsArguments; import net.rim.device.api.system.Bitmap; import net.rim.device.api.system.Display; import net.rim.device.api.ui.Color; import net.rim.device.api.ui.Field; import net.rim.device.api.ui.Graphics; import net.rim.device.api.ui.Manager; import net.rim.device.api.ui.component.BitmapField; import net.rim.device.api.ui.component.RichTextField; import net.rim.device.api.ui.component.SeparatorField; import net.rim.device.api.ui.container.HorizontalFieldManager; import net.rim.device.api.ui.container.MainScreen; import net.rim.device.api.ui.container.VerticalFieldManager; public class nearBy extends MainScreen { private HorizontalFieldManager _top; private VerticalFieldManager _middle; private int horizontalOffset; private final static long animationTime = 300; private long animationStart = 0; private double latitude = 43.7389; private double longitude = 7.42577; private int _interval = -1; private double max_lat; private double min_lat; private double max_lon; private double min_lon; private double latitude_in_degrees; private double longitude_in_degrees; public nearBy() { super(); horizontalOffset = Display.getWidth(); _top = new HorizontalFieldManager(Manager.USE_ALL_WIDTH | Field.FIELD_HCENTER) { public void paint(Graphics gr) { Bitmap bg = Bitmap.getBitmapResource("bg.png"); gr.drawBitmap(0, 0, Display.getWidth(), Display.getHeight(), bg, 0, 0); subpaint(gr); } }; _middle = new VerticalFieldManager() { public void paint(Graphics graphics) { graphics.setBackgroundColor(0xFFFFFF); graphics.setColor(Color.BLACK); graphics.clear(); super.paint(graphics); } protected void sublayout(int maxWidth, int maxHeight) { int displayWidth = Display.getWidth(); int displayHeight = Display.getHeight(); super.sublayout( displayWidth, displayHeight); setExtent( displayWidth, displayHeight); } }; add(_top); add(_middle); Bitmap lol = Bitmap.getBitmapResource("logo.png"); BitmapField lolfield = new BitmapField(lol); _top.add(lolfield); Criteria cr= new Criteria(); cr.setCostAllowed(true); cr.setPreferredResponseTime(60); cr.setHorizontalAccuracy(5000); cr.setVerticalAccuracy(5000); cr.setAltitudeRequired(true); cr.isSpeedAndCourseRequired(); cr.isAddressInfoRequired(); try{ LocationProvider lp = LocationProvider.getInstance(cr); if( lp!=null ){ lp.setLocationListener(new LocationListenerImpl(), _interval, 1, 1); } } catch(LocationException le) { add(new RichTextField("Location exception "+le)); } //_middle.add(new RichTextField("this is a map " + Double.toString(latitude) + " " + Double.toString(longitude))); int lat = (int) (latitude * 100000); int lon = (int) (longitude * 100000); String document = "<location-document>" + "<location lon='" + lon + "' lat='" + lat + "' label='You are here' description='You' zoom='0' />" + "<location lon='742733' lat='4373930' label='Hotel de Paris' description='Hotel de Paris' address='Palace du Casino' postalCode='98000' phone='37798063000' zoom='0' />" + "</location-document>"; // Invoke.invokeApplication(Invoke.APP_TYPE_MAPS, new MapsArguments( MapsArguments.ARG_LOCATION_DOCUMENT, document)); _middle.add(new SeparatorField()); surroundingVenues(); _middle.add(new RichTextField("max lat: " + max_lat)); _middle.add(new RichTextField("min lat: " + min_lat)); _middle.add(new RichTextField("max lon: " + max_lon)); _middle.add(new RichTextField("min lon: " + min_lon)); } private void surroundingVenues() { double point_1_latitude_in_degrees = latitude; double point_1_longitude_in_degrees= longitude; // diagonal distance + error margin double distance_in_miles = (5 * 1.90359441) + 10; getCords (point_1_latitude_in_degrees, point_1_longitude_in_degrees, distance_in_miles, 45); double lat_limit_1 = latitude_in_degrees; double lon_limit_1 = longitude_in_degrees; getCords (point_1_latitude_in_degrees, point_1_longitude_in_degrees, distance_in_miles, 135); double lat_limit_2 = latitude_in_degrees; double lon_limit_2 = longitude_in_degrees; getCords (point_1_latitude_in_degrees, point_1_longitude_in_degrees, distance_in_miles, -135); double lat_limit_3 = latitude_in_degrees; double lon_limit_3 = longitude_in_degrees; getCords (point_1_latitude_in_degrees, point_1_longitude_in_degrees, distance_in_miles, -45); double lat_limit_4 = latitude_in_degrees; double lon_limit_4 = longitude_in_degrees; double mx1 = Math.max(lat_limit_1, lat_limit_2); double mx2 = Math.max(lat_limit_3, lat_limit_4); max_lat = Math.max(mx1, mx2); double mm1 = Math.min(lat_limit_1, lat_limit_2); double mm2 = Math.min(lat_limit_3, lat_limit_4); min_lat = Math.max(mm1, mm2); double mlon1 = Math.max(lon_limit_1, lon_limit_2); double mlon2 = Math.max(lon_limit_3, lon_limit_4); max_lon = Math.max(mlon1, mlon2); double minl1 = Math.min(lon_limit_1, lon_limit_2); double minl2 = Math.min(lon_limit_3, lon_limit_4); min_lon = Math.max(minl1, minl2); //$qry = "SELECT DISTINCT zip.zipcode, zip.latitude, zip.longitude, sg_stores.* FROM zip JOIN store_finder AS sg_stores ON sg_stores.zip=zip.zipcode WHERE zip.latitude<=$lat_limit_max AND zip.latitude>=$lat_limit_min AND zip.longitude<=$lon_limit_max AND zip.longitude>=$lon_limit_min"; } private void getCords(double point_1_latitude, double point_1_longitude, double distance, int degs) { double m_EquatorialRadiusInMeters = 6366564.86; double m_Flattening=0; double distance_in_meters = distance * 1609.344 ; double direction_in_radians = Math.toRadians( degs ); double eps = 0.000000000000005; double r = 1.0 - m_Flattening; double point_1_latitude_in_radians = Math.toRadians( point_1_latitude ); double point_1_longitude_in_radians = Math.toRadians( point_1_longitude ); double tangent_u = (r * Math.sin( point_1_latitude_in_radians ) ) / Math.cos( point_1_latitude_in_radians ); double sine_of_direction = Math.sin( direction_in_radians ); double cosine_of_direction = Math.cos( direction_in_radians ); double heading_from_point_2_to_point_1_in_radians = 0.0; if ( cosine_of_direction != 0.0 ) { heading_from_point_2_to_point_1_in_radians = atan2( tangent_u, cosine_of_direction ) * 2.0; } double cu = 1.0 / Math.sqrt( ( tangent_u * tangent_u ) + 1.0 ); double su = tangent_u * cu; double sa = cu * sine_of_direction; double c2a = ( (-sa) * sa ) + 1.0; double x= Math.sqrt( ( ( ( 1.0 /r /r ) - 1.0 ) * c2a ) + 1.0 ) + 1.0; x= (x- 2.0 ) / x; double c= 1.0 - x; c= ( ( (x * x) / 4.0 ) + 1.0 ) / c; double d= ( ( 0.375 * (x * x) ) -1.0 ) * x; tangent_u = distance_in_meters /r / m_EquatorialRadiusInMeters /c; double y= tangent_u; boolean exit_loop = false; double cosine_of_y = 0.0; double cz = 0.0; double e = 0.0; double term_1 = 0.0; double term_2 = 0.0; double term_3 = 0.0; double sine_of_y = 0.0; while( exit_loop != true ) { sine_of_y = Math.sin(y); cosine_of_y = Math.cos(y); cz = Math.cos( heading_from_point_2_to_point_1_in_radians + y); e = (cz * cz * 2.0 ) - 1.0; c = y; x = e * cosine_of_y; y = (e + e) - 1.0; term_1 = ( sine_of_y * sine_of_y * 4.0 ) - 3.0; term_2 = ( ( term_1 * y * cz * d) / 6.0 ) + x; term_3 = ( ( term_2 * d) / 4.0 ) -cz; y= ( term_3 * sine_of_y * d) + tangent_u; if ( Math.abs(y - c) > eps ) { exit_loop = false; } else { exit_loop = true; } } heading_from_point_2_to_point_1_in_radians = ( cu * cosine_of_y * cosine_of_direction ) - ( su * sine_of_y ); c = r * Math.sqrt( ( sa * sa ) + ( heading_from_point_2_to_point_1_in_radians * heading_from_point_2_to_point_1_in_radians ) ); d = ( su * cosine_of_y ) + ( cu * sine_of_y * cosine_of_direction ); double point_2_latitude_in_radians = atan2(d, c); c = ( cu * cosine_of_y ) - ( su * sine_of_y * cosine_of_direction ); x = atan2( sine_of_y * sine_of_direction, c); c = ( ( ( ( ( -3.0 * c2a ) + 4.0 ) * m_Flattening ) + 4.0 ) * c2a * m_Flattening ) / 16.0; d = ( ( ( (e * cosine_of_y * c) + cz ) * sine_of_y * c) + y) * sa; double point_2_longitude_in_radians = ( point_1_longitude_in_radians + x) - ( ( 1.0 - c) * d * m_Flattening ); heading_from_point_2_to_point_1_in_radians = atan2( sa, heading_from_point_2_to_point_1_in_radians ) + Math.PI; latitude_in_degrees = Math.toRadians( point_2_latitude_in_radians ); longitude_in_degrees = Math.toRadians( point_2_longitude_in_radians ); } public double atan2(double y, double x) { double coeff_1 = Math.PI / 4d; double coeff_2 = 3d * coeff_1; double abs_y = Math.abs(y)+ 1e-10f; double r, angle; if (x >= 0d) { r = (x - abs_y) / (x + abs_y); angle = coeff_1; } else { r = (x + abs_y) / (abs_y - x); angle = coeff_2; } angle += (0.1963f * r * r - 0.9817f) * r; return y < 0.0f ? -angle : angle; } private Vector fetchVenues(double max_lat, double min_lat, double max_lon, double min_lon) { return new Vector(); } private class LocationListenerImpl implements LocationListener { public void locationUpdated(LocationProvider provider, Location location) { if(location.isValid()) { nearBy.this.longitude = location.getQualifiedCoordinates().getLongitude(); nearBy.this.latitude = location.getQualifiedCoordinates().getLatitude(); //double altitude = location.getQualifiedCoordinates().getAltitude(); //float speed = location.getSpeed(); } } public void providerStateChanged(LocationProvider provider, int newState) { // MUST implement this. Should probably do something useful with it as well. } } } please excuse the mess. I have the user lat long hard coded since I do not have GPS functional yet. You can see the SQL query commented out to know how I plan on using the min and max lat and long values. Any help is appreciated. Thanks

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What is wrong with my gtkrc file?

- by PP

I have written following gtkrc file from some other theme gtkrc file. This theme is normal theme with buttons using pixmap theme engine. I have also given background image to GtkEntry. Problem is that, When i use this theme my buttons doesn't show text one them and my entry box does not show cursor. Plus in engine "pixmap" tag I need to specify image name with it's path as I have already mentioned pixmap_path on the top of rc file but why I still need to specify the path in file = "xxx" # gtkrc file. pixmap_path "./backgrounds:./icons:./buttons:./emotions" gtk-button-images = 1 #Icon Sizes and color definitions gtk-icon-sizes = "gtk-small-toolbar=16,16:gtk-large-toolbar=24,24:gtk-button=16,16" gtk-toolbar-icon-size = GTK_ICON_SIZE_SMALL_TOOLBAR gtk_color_scheme = "fg_color:#000000\nbg_color:#848484\nbase_color:#000000\ntext_color:#000000\nselected_bg_color:#f39638\nselected_fg_color:#000000\ntooltip_bg_color:#634110\ntooltip_fg_color:#ffffff" style "theme-default" { xthickness = 10 ythickness = 10 GtkEntry::honors-transparent-bg-hint = 0 GtkMenuItem::arrow-spacing = 20 GtkMenuItem::horizontal-padding = 50 GtkMenuItem::toggle-spacing = 30 GtkOptionMenu::indicator-size = {11, 5} GtkOptionMenu::indicator-spacing = {6, 5, 4, 4} GtkTreeView::horizontal_separator = 5 GtkTreeView::odd_row_color = "#efefef" GtkTreeView::even_row_color = "#e3e3e3" GtkWidget::link-color = "#0062dc" # blue GtkWidget::visited-link-color = "#8c00dc" #purple GtkButton::default_border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } GtkButton::child-displacement-x = 0 GtkButton::child-displacement-y = 1 GtkWidget::focus-padding = 0 GtkRange::trough-border = 0 GtkRange::slider-width = 19 GtkRange::stepper-size = 19 GtkScrollbar::min_slider_length = 36 GtkScrollbar::has-secondary-backward-stepper = 1 GtkPaned::handle_size = 8 GtkMenuBar::internal-padding = 0 GtkTreeView::expander_size = 13 #15 GtkExpander::expander_size = 13 #17 GtkScale::slider-length = 35 GtkScale::slider-width = 17 GtkScale::trough-border = 0 GtkWidget::link-color = "#0062dc" GtkWidget::visited-link-color = "#8c00dc" #purple WnckTasklist::fade-overlay-rect = 0 WnckTasklist::fade-loop-time = 5.0 # 5 seconds WnckTasklist::fade-opacity = 0.5 # final opacity #makes menu only overlap border GtkMenu::horizontal-offset = -1 #removes extra padding at top and bottom of menus. Makes menuitem overlap border GtkMenu::vertical-padding = 0 #set to the same as roundness, used for better hotspot selection of tabs GtkNotebook::tab-curvature = 2 GtkNotebook::tab-overlap = 4 GtkMenuItem::arrow-spacing = 10 GtkOptionMenu ::indicator-size = {11, 5} GtkCheckButton ::indicator-size = 16 GtkCheckButton ::indicator-spacing = 1 GtkRadioButton ::indicator-size = 16 GtkTreeView::horizontal_separator = 2 GtkTreeView::odd_row_color = "#efefef" GtkTreeView::even_row_color = "#e3e3e3" NautilusIconContainer::normal_icon_color = "#ff0000" GtkEntry::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} GtkScrolledWindow::scrollbar-spacing = 0 GtkScrolledWindow::scrollbars-within-bevel = 1 fg[NORMAL] = @fg_color fg[ACTIVE] = @fg_color fg[PRELIGHT] = @fg_color fg[SELECTED] = @selected_fg_color fg[INSENSITIVE] = shade (3.0,@fg_color) bg[NORMAL] = @bg_color bg[ACTIVE] = shade (0.95,@bg_color) bg[PRELIGHT] = mix(0.92, shade (1.1,@bg_color), @selected_bg_color) bg[SELECTED] = @selected_bg_color bg[INSENSITIVE] = shade (1.06,@bg_color) base[NORMAL] = @base_color base[ACTIVE] = shade (0.65,@base_color) base[PRELIGHT] = @base_color base[SELECTED] = @selected_bg_color base[INSENSITIVE] = shade (1.025,@bg_color) text[NORMAL] = @text_color text[ACTIVE] = shade (0.95,@base_color) text[PRELIGHT] = @text_color text[SELECTED] = @selected_fg_color text[INSENSITIVE] = mix (0.675,shade (0.95,@bg_color),@fg_color) } style "theme-entry" { xthickness = 10 ythickness = 10 GtkEntry::inner-border = {10, 10, 10, 10} GtkEntry::progress-border = {10, 10, 10, 10} GtkEntry::icon-prelight = 1 GtkEntry::state-hintt = 1 #GtkEntry::honors-transparent-bg-hint = 1 text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#787878" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#787878" text[SELECTED] = "#FFFFFF" engine "pixmap" { image { function = FLAT_BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = FALSE file = "./backgrounds/entry_background.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } image { function = FLAT_BOX state = PRELIGHT recolorable = FALSE file = "./backgrounds/entry_background.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } image { function = FLAT_BOX state = ACTIVE recolorable = FALSE file = "./backgrounds/entry_background.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } #----------------------------------------------- #Chat Balloon Incoming background. style "theme-event-box-top-in" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 1 GtkEventBox::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} engine "pixmap" { image { function = FLAT_BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = TRUE file = "./backgrounds/chat_in_top.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } style "theme-event-box-mid-in" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 1 GtkEventBox::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} engine "pixmap" { image { function = FLAT_BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = TRUE file = "./backgrounds/chat_in_mid.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } style "theme-event-box-bot-in" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 1 GtkEventBox::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} engine "pixmap" { image { function = FLAT_BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = TRUE file = "./backgrounds/chat_in_bot.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } #----------------------------------------------- #Chat Balloon Outgoing background. style "theme-event-box-top-out" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 1 GtkEventBox::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} engine "pixmap" { image { function = FLAT_BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = TRUE file = "./backgrounds/chat_out_top.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } style "theme-event-box-mid-out" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 1 GtkEventBox::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} engine "pixmap" { image { function = FLAT_BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = TRUE file = "./backgrounds/chat_out_mid.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } style "theme-event-box-bot-out" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 1 GtkEventBox::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} engine "pixmap" { image { function = FLAT_BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = TRUE file = "./backgrounds/chat_out_bot.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } style "theme-wide" = "theme-default" { xthickness = 2 ythickness = 2 } style "theme-wider" = "theme-default" { xthickness = 3 ythickness = 3 } style "theme-button" { GtkButton::inner-border = {0, 0, 0, 0} GtkWidget::focus-line-width = 0 GtkWidget::focus-padding = 0 bg[NORMAL] = "#414143" bg[ACTIVE] = "#c19676" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#7f4426" bg[SELECTED] = "#ff0000" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" fg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#000000" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" fg[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" text[NORMAL] = "#ff0000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#ff0000" text[PRELIGHT] = "#ff0000" text[SELECTED] = "#ff0000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" text[ACTIVE] = "#ff0000" base[NORMAL] = "#ff0000" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#ff0000" base[PRELIGHT] = "#ff0000" base[SELECTED] = "#ff0000" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#ff0000" engine "pixmap" { image { function = BOX state = NORMAL recolorable = TRUE file = "./buttons/LightButtonAct.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } image { function = BOX state = PRELIGHT recolorable = TRUE file = "./buttons/LightButtonRoll.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } image { function = BOX state = ACTIVE recolorable = TRUE file = "./buttons/LightButtonClicked.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } image { function = BOX state = INSENSITIVE recolorable = TRUE file = "./buttons/LightButtonInact.png" border = { 0, 0, 0, 0 } stretch = TRUE } } } style "theme-toolbar" { xthickness = 2 ythickness = 2 bg[NORMAL] = shade (1.078,@bg_color) } style "theme-handlebox" { bg[NORMAL] = shade (0.95,@bg_color) } style "theme-scale" { bg[NORMAL] = shade (1.06, @bg_color) bg[PRELIGHT] = mix(0.85, shade (1.1,@bg_color), @selected_bg_color) bg[SELECTED] = "#4d4d55" } style "theme-range" { bg[NORMAL] = shade (1.12,@bg_color) bg[ACTIVE] = @bg_color bg[PRELIGHT] = mix(0.95, shade (1.10,@bg_color), @selected_bg_color) #Arrows text[NORMAL] = shade (0.275,@selected_fg_color) text[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color text[ACTIVE] = shade (0.10,@selected_fg_color) text[INSENSITIVE] = mix (0.80,shade (0.90,@bg_color),@fg_color) } style "theme-notebook" = "theme-wider" { xthickness = 4 ythickness = 4 GtkNotebook::tab-curvature = 5 GtkNotebook::tab-vborder = 1 GtkNotebook::tab-overlap = 1 GtkNotebook::tab-vborder = 1 bg[NORMAL] = "#d2d2d2" bg[ACTIVE] = "#e3e3e3" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#848484" bg[SELECTED] = "#848484" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#848484" text[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#737373" text[SELECTED] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#737373" fg[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color fg[NORMAL] = "#000000" fg[ACTIVE] = "#737373" fg[SELECTED] = "#000000" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#737373" } style "theme-paned" { bg[PRELIGHT] = shade (1.1,@bg_color) } style "theme-panel" { # Menu fg[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color font_name = "Bold 9" text[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color } style "theme-menu" { xthickness = 0 ythickness = 0 bg[NORMAL] = shade (1.16,@bg_color) bg[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" text[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color fg[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color } style "theme-menu-item" = "theme-menu" { xthickness = 3 ythickness = 3 base[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" base[NORMAL] = "#ff9a00" base[PRELIGHT] = "#ff9a00" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#ff9a00" base[ACTIVE] = "#ff9a00" bg[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" bg[NORMAL] = shade (1.16,@bg_color) } style "theme-menubar" { #TODO } style "theme-menubar-item" = "theme-menu-item" { #TODO bg[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" } style "theme-tree" { xthickness = 2 ythickness = 1 font_name = "Bold 9" GtkWidget::focus-padding = 0 bg[NORMAL] = "#5a595a" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#5a595a" bg[ACTIVE] = "#5a5a5a" fg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" fg[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" bg[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" base[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" base[NORMAL] = "#ff9a00" base[PRELIGHT] = "#ff9a00" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#ff9a00" base[ACTIVE] = "#ff9a00" text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[PRELIGHT] = "#ff9a00" text[ACTIVE] = "#ff9a00" text[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" } style "theme-tree-arrow" { bg[NORMAL] = mix(0.70, shade (0.60,@bg_color), shade (0.80,@selected_bg_color)) bg[PRELIGHT] = mix(0.80, @bg_color, @selected_bg_color) } style "theme-progressbar" { font_name = "Bold" bg[SELECTED] = @selected_bg_color fg[PRELIGHT] = @selected_fg_color bg[ACTIVE] = "#fe7e00" bg[NORMAL] = "#ffba00" } style "theme-tooltips" = "theme-wider" { font_name = "Liberation sans 10" bg[NORMAL] = @tooltip_bg_color fg[NORMAL] = @tooltip_fg_color text[NORMAL] = @tooltip_fg_color } style "theme-combo" = "theme-button" { xthickness = 4 ythickness = 4 text[NORMAL] = "#fd7d00" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#8a8a8a" base[NORMAL] = "#e0e0e0" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#aeaeae" } style "theme-combo-box" = "theme-button" { xthickness = 3 ythickness = 2 bg[NORMAL] = "#343539" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#343539" bg[ACTIVE] = "#26272b" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#404145" } style "theme-entry-combo-box" { xthickness = 6 ythickness = 3 text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#8a8a8a" base[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#aeaeae" } style "theme-combo-arrow" = "theme-button" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 1 } style "theme-view" { xthickness = 0 ythickness = 0 } style "theme-check-radio-buttons" { GtkWidget::interior-focus = 0 GtkWidget::focus-padding = 1 text[NORMAL] = "#ff0000" base[NORMAL] = "#ff0000" text[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" text[INSENSITIVE] = shade (0.625,@bg_color) base[PRELIGHT] = mix(0.80, @base_color, @selected_bg_color) bg[NORMAL] = "#438FC6" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#aeaeae" bg[SELECTED] = "#ff8a01" } style "theme-radio-buttons" = "theme-button" { GtkWidget::interior-focus = 0 GtkWidget::focus-padding = 1 text[SELECTED] = @selected_fg_color text[INSENSITIVE] = shade (0.625,@bg_color) base[PRELIGHT] = mix(0.80, @base_color, @selected_bg_color) bg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#dcdcdc" bg[SELECTED] = @selected_bg_color } style "theme-spin-button" { bg[NORMAL] = "#d2d2d2" bg[ACTIVE] = "#868686" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#7f4426" bg[SELECTED] = shade(1.10,@selected_bg_color) bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#dcdcdc" base[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#dcdcdc" text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#aeaeae" } style "theme-calendar" { xthickness = 0 ythickness = 0 bg[NORMAL] = "#676767" bg[PRELIGHT] = shade(0.92,@bg_color) bg[ACTIVE] = "#ff0000" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#ff0000" bg[SELECTED] = "#ff0000" text[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE]= "#000000" text[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" text[ACTIVE] = "#000000" fg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#ffffff" fg[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" base[NORMAL] = "#ff0000" base[NORMAL] = "#aeaeae" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#00ff00" base[SELECTED] = "#f3720d" base[ACTIVE] = "#f3720d" } style "theme-separator-menu-item" { xthickness = 1 ythickness = 0 GtkSeparatorMenuItem::horizontal-padding = 2 # We are setting the desired height by using wide-separators # There is no other way to get the odd height ... GtkWidget::wide-separators = 1 GtkWidget::separator-width = 1 GtkWidget::separator-height = 5 } style "theme-frame" { xthickness = 10 ythickness = 0 GtkWidget::LABEL-SIDE-PAD = 14 GtkWidget::LABEL-PAD = 23 fg[NORMAL] = "#000000" fg[ACTIVE] = "#000000" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" fg[SELECTED] = "#000000" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#000000" bg[NORMAL] = "#e2e2e2" bg[ACTIVE] = "#000000" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" bg[SELECTED] = "#000000" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#000000" base[NORMAL] = "#000000" base[ACTIVE] = "#000000" base[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" base[SELECTED] = "#000000" base[INSENSITIVE]= "#000000" text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#000000" text[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" text[SELECTED] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE]= "#000000" } style "theme-textview" { text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#000000" text[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" text[SELECTED] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434648" bg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" bg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" bg[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#ffffff" fg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" fg[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#ffffff" base[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" base[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" base[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" base[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#ffffff" } style "theme-clist" { text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#000000" text[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" text[SELECTED] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434648" bg[NORMAL] = "#353438" bg[ACTIVE] = "#ff9a00" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#ff9a00" bg[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#ffffff" fg[NORMAL] = "#000000" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ff9a00" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ff9a00" fg[SELECTED] = "#fdff00" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#757575" base[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" base[ACTIVE] = "#fdff00" base[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" base[SELECTED] = "#fdff00" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#757575" } style "theme-label" { bg[NORMAL] = "#414143" bg[ACTIVE] = "#c19676" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#7f4426" bg[SELECTED] = "#000000" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" fg[NORMAL] = "#000000" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" fg[SELECTED] = "#000000" fg[ACTIVE] = "#000000" text[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" text[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" text[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" text[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" base[NORMAL] = "#000000" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#00ff00" base[PRELIGHT] = "#0000ff" base[ACTIVE] = "#f39638" } style "theme-button-label" { bg[NORMAL] = "#414143" bg[ACTIVE] = "#c19676" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#7f4426" bg[SELECTED] = "#000000" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" fg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" fg[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" text[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" text[SELECTED] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#000000" base[NORMAL] = "#000000" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#00ff00" base[PRELIGHT] = "#0000ff" base[SELECTED] = "#ff00ff" base[ACTIVE] = "#ffff00" } style "theme-button-check-radio-label" { bg[NORMAL] = "#414143" bg[ACTIVE] = "#c19676" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#7f4426" bg[SELECTED] = "#000000" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" fg[NORMAL] = "#000000" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" fg[SELECTED] = "#000000" fg[ACTIVE] = "#000000" text[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" text[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" text[SELECTED] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" base[NORMAL] = "#000000" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#00ff00" base[PRELIGHT] = "#0000ff" base[SELECTED] = "#ff00ff" base[ACTIVE] = "#ffff00" } style "theme-table" { bg[NORMAL] = "#848484" bg[ACTIVE] = "#c19676" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#7f4426" bg[SELECTED] = "#000000" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" } style "theme-iconview" { GtkWidget::focus-line-width=1 bg[NORMAL] = "#000000" bg[ACTIVE] = "#c19676" bg[PRELIGHT] = "#c19676" bg[SELECTED] = "#c19676" bg[INSENSITIVE] = "#969696" fg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#ffffff" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" fg[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" text[PRELIGHT] = "#000000" text[SELECTED] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#000000" base[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#434346" base[PRELIGHT] = "#FAD184" base[SELECTED] = "#FAD184" base[ACTIVE] = "#FAD184" } # Set Widget styles class "GtkWidget" style "theme-default" class "GtkScale" style "theme-scale" class "GtkRange" style "theme-range" class "GtkPaned" style "theme-paned" class "GtkFrame" style "theme-frame" class "GtkMenu" style "theme-menu" class "GtkMenuBar" style "theme-menubar" class "GtkEntry" style "theme-entry" class "GtkProgressBar" style "theme-progressbar" class "GtkToolbar" style "theme-toolbar" class "GtkSeparator" style "theme-wide" class "GtkCalendar" style "theme-calendar" class "GtkTable" style "theme-table" widget_class "*<GtkMenuItem>*" style "theme-menu-item" widget_class "*<GtkMenuBar>.<GtkMenuItem>*" style "theme-menubar-item" widget_class "*<GtkSeparatorMenuItem>*" style "theme-separator-menu-item" widget_class "*<GtkLabel>" style "theme-label" widget_class "*<GtkButton>" style "theme-button" widget_class "*<GtkButton>*<GtkLabel>*" style "theme-button-label" widget_class "*<GtkCheckButton>" style "theme-check-radio-buttons" widget_class "*<GtkToggleButton>.<GtkLabel>*" style "theme-button" widget_class "*<GtkCheckButton>.<GtkLabel>*" style "theme-button-check-radio-label" widget_class "*<GtkRadioButton>.<GtkLabel>*" style "theme-button-check-radio-label" widget_class "*<GtkTextView>" style "theme-textview" widget_class "*<GtkList>" style "theme-textview" widget_class "*<GtkCList>" style "theme-clist" widget_class "*<GtkIconView>" style "theme-iconview" widget_class "*<GtkHandleBox>" style "theme-handlebox" widget_class "*<GtkNotebook>" style "theme-notebook" widget_class "*<GtkNotebook>*<GtkEventBox>" style "theme-notebook" widget_class "*<GtkNotebook>*<GtkDrawingArea>" style "theme-notebook" widget_class "*<GtkNotebook>*<GtkLayout>" style "theme-notebook" widget_class "*<GtkNotebook>*<GtkViewport>" style "theme-notebook" widget_class "*<GtkNotebook>.<GtkLabel>*" style "theme-notebook" #for tabs # Combo Box Stuff widget_class "*<GtkCombo>*" style "theme-combo" widget_class "*<GtkComboBox>*<GtkButton>" style "theme-combo-box" widget_class "*<GtkComboBoxEntry>*" style "theme-entry-combo-box" widget_class "*<GtkSpinButton>*" style "theme-spin-button" widget_class "*<GtkSpinButton>*<GtkArrow>*" style:highest "theme-tree-arrow" # Tool Tips Stuff widget "gtk-tooltip*" style "theme-tooltips" # Tree View Stuff widget_class "*<GtkTreeView>.<GtkButton>*" style "theme-tree" widget_class "*<GtkCTree>.<GtkButton>*" style "theme-tree" widget_class "*<GtkList>.<GtkButton>*" style "theme-tree" widget_class "*<GtkCList>.<GtkButton>*" style "theme-tree" # For arrow bg widget_class "*<GtkTreeView>.<GtkButton>*<GtkArrow>" style "theme-tree-arrow" widget_class "*<GtkCTree>.<GtkButton>*<GtkArrow>" style "theme-tree-arrow" widget_class "*<GtkList>.<GtkButton>*<GtkArrow>" style "theme-tree-arrow" ####################################################### ## GNOME specific ####################################################### widget_class "*.ETree.ECanvas" style "theme-tree" widget_class "*.ETable.ECanvas" style "theme-tree" style "panelbuttons" = "theme-button" { # As buttons are draw lower this helps center text xthickness = 3 ythickness = 3 } widget_class "*Panel*<GtkButton>*" style "panelbuttons" style "murrine-fg-is-text-color-workaround" { text[NORMAL] = "#000000" text[ACTIVE] = "#fdff00" text[SELECTED] = "#fdff00" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#757575" bg[SELECTED] = "#b85e03" bg[ACTIVE] = "#b85e03" bg[SELECTED] = "#b85e03" fg[SELECTED] = "#ffffff" fg[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" fg[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff" fg[INSENSITIVE] = "#434348" fg[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" base[SELECTED] = "#ff9a00" base[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" base[ACTIVE] = "#ff9a00" base[INSENSITIVE] = "#434348" base[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff" } widget_class "*.<GtkTreeView>*" style "murrine-fg-is-text-color-workaround" style "murrine-combobox-text-color-workaround" { text[NORMAL] = "#FFFFF" text[PRELIGHT] = "#FFFFF" text[SELECTED] = "#FFFFF" text[ACTIVE] = "#FFFFF" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#FFFFF" } widget_class "*.<GtkComboBox>.<GtkCellView>" style "murrine-combobox-text-color-workaround" style "murrine-menuitem-text-is-fg-color-workaround" { bg[NORMAL] = "#0000ff" text[NORMAL] = "#ffffff" text[PRELIGHT] = "#ffffff"#"#FD7D00" text[SELECTED] = "#ffffff"#"#ff0000"# @selected_fg_color text[ACTIVE] = "#ffffff"#"#ff0000"# "#FD7D00" text[INSENSITIVE] = "#ffffff"#ff0000"# "#414143" } widget "*.gtk-combobox-popup-menu.*" style "murrine-menuitem-text-is-fg-color-workaround"

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Infragistics UltraWebTab

- by user354089

Im using Infragistcs UltraWebTab. The code is shown below ` <div class="tab-content"> <asp:Panel ID="PnlGeneral" runat="server"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="tab-list"> <tr> <td style="border-bottom-color: White"> <asp:Label ID="LblErrors" runat="server" CssClass="ErrorMessage1"></asp:Label> <asp:Label ID="LblSuccessMsg" runat="server" CssClass="SuccessMessage1"></asp:Label> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" border="0" class="tab-list"> <tr> <th width="205" class="FormLabel1"> Campaign Name <span class="ErrorMessage">*</span> </th> <td width="80%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TxtCampaignName" runat="server" CssClass="TextBox1"></asp:TextBox> </td> </tr> <tr> <th width="205" class="FormLabel1"> CRM Name <span class="ErrorMessage">*</span> </th> <td width="80%"> <asp:TextBox ID="TxtCRMName" runat="server" CssClass="TextBox1"></asp:TextBox> </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="FormLabel1"> Campaign Type <span class="ErrorMessage">*</span> </th> <td> <asp:DropDownList ID="DDLCampaignType" runat="server" CssClass="TextBox1" AutoPostBack="true" Width="117px" OnSelectedIndexChanged="DDLCampaignType_SelectedIndexChanged"> </asp:DropDownList> </td> </tr> <tr visible="false" id="trCompanyRow" runat="server"> <th class="FormLabel1"> Company <span class="ErrorMessage">*</span> </th> <td> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%"> <tr> <td class="style2" style="border-bottom-color: White"> <asp:DropDownList ID="DDLCompany" runat="server" CssClass="TextBox1" Width="117px" OnSelectedIndexChanged="DDLCompany_SelectedIndexChanged"> </asp:DropDownList> </td> <td class="style3" style="border-bottom-color: White"> <asp:LinkButton ID="btnlnknewCompany" runat="server" Style="font-size: 100%;" Text="Add New" OnClick="btnlnknewCompany_Click"></asp:LinkButton> </td> <td style="border-bottom-color: White"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="100%" id="tdNewComapny" visible="false" runat="server"> <tr> <td class="style4" style="border-bottom-color: White"> <asp:TextBox ID="txtCompanyName" runat="server"></asp:TextBox> </td> <td style="border-bottom-color: White"> <asp:Button ID="btnCompanyAdd" runat="server" CssClass="btn1" Height="20px" Text="Add" Width="25%" OnClick="btnCompanyAdd_Click" /> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr id="trBannerImage" runat="server" visible="false"> <th class="FormLabel1"> Banner Image <span class="ErrorMessage">*</span> </th> <td> <asp:FileUpload ID="FileUploadBannerImage" runat="server" ToolTip="Add images for banner" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="FormLabel1"> Start Date <span class="ErrorMessage">*</span> </th> <td> <asp:TextBox ID="TxtStartDate" runat="server" CssClass="TextBox1"></asp:TextBox><rjs:PopCalendar ID="CalStartDate" runat="server" Control="TxtStartDate" Format="dd mm yyyy" ShowErrorMessage="false" />  dd-mm-yyyy </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="FormLabel1"> End Date <span class="ErrorMessage">*</span> </th> <td> <asp:TextBox ID="TxtEndDate" runat="server" CssClass="TextBox1"></asp:TextBox><rjs:PopCalendar ID="CalEndDate" runat="server" Control="TxtEndDate" Format="dd mm yyyy" ShowErrorMessage="false" />  dd-mm-yyyy </td> </tr> <tr> <th class="FormLabel1"> Enabled? </th> <td> <asp:CheckBox ID="ChkEnabled" runat="server" /> </td> </tr> <tr style="border-bottom-color: White" id="tblVerificationFields" visible="false" runat="server"> <th style="border-bottom-color: White"> Company's Verification Fields </th> <td style="border-bottom-color: White"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="tab-form" width="100%"> <tr> <td colspan="3" align="center"> <br /> <p> <label style="font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;"> Select from existing verification fields below</label></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <asp:Repeater ID="RptrVeriFieldsParamType" runat="server"> <HeaderTemplate> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tab-grid" style="border: 0px"> <tr> <th> </th> <th> Field Name </th> <th> Type </th> <th> </th> </tr> </HeaderTemplate> <ItemTemplate> <tr> <td style="border-bottom-color: White"> <asp:CheckBox ID="RptrChkVeriFields" runat="server" /> </td> <td style="border-bottom-color: White"> <asp:Label ID="RptrFieldName" runat="server" Text='<%# Eval("FieldName") %>'> </asp:Label> </td> <td style="border-bottom-color: White"> <asp:Label ID="RptrParamterTypeName" runat="server" Text='<%# Eval("PARAMETERTYPENAME") %>'> </asp:Label> </td> <td> <asp:Label ID="RptrHdnFieldId" runat="server" Text='<%# Eval("FIELDID") %>' Visible="false"></asp:Label> </td> </tr> </ItemTemplate> <FooterTemplate> </table> </FooterTemplate> </asp:Repeater> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-bottom-color: White"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" runat="server"> <tr> <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom-color: White" align="center"> <br /> <p> <label style="font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; width: 100%;"> Or Add New verification field</label> </p> </td> </tr> <tr id="trVerifcationFields" runat="server" visible="false"> <th style="border-bottom-color: White" width="110px"> <strong>Verification Name</strong> </th> <td style="border-bottom-color: White" width="50px"> <asp:TextBox ID="TxtVeriField" runat="server"> </asp:TextBox> </td> <th style="border-bottom-color: White" width="100px"> <strong>Parameter Type</strong> </th> <td style="border-bottom-color: White" width="100px"> <asp:DropDownList ID="DDLParameterType" runat="server"> </asp:DropDownList> </td> <th> </th> <td align="left" style="border-bottom-color: White"> <asp:Button ID="BtnAddVeriField" runat="server" CssClass="btn1" Height="20px" Text="Add" OnClick="BtnAddVeriField_Click" Width="75%" /> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" border="0" class="tab-list"> <tr align="right"> <td> </td> <td align="right" class="tab-list"> <asp:Button runat="server" ID="Next" Visible="true" Text="Next >" CssClass="btn" /> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </asp:Panel> </div> </ContentTemplate> </igtab:Tab> <igtab:Tab Text="CRM Deals (Step-2)" Key="Tab2"> <ContentTemplate> <div style="clear: both"> </div> <div class="tab-content"> <asp:Panel ID="PnlCRMDeals" runat="server" ScrollBars="Vertical" Height="500px"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="tab-list"> <tr> <td> <asp:GridView ID="GridDeals" AutoGenerateColumns="False" runat="server" BorderStyle="none" BorderWidth="0" CellPadding="0" CellSpacing="0" GridLines="None" ShowFooter="false" HorizontalAlign="Left" CssClass="tab-grid" Width="100%"> <HeaderStyle CssClass="header" HorizontalAlign="Center" /> <PagerStyle CssClass="pager" /> <AlternatingRowStyle CssClass="odd" /> <Columns> <asp:TemplateField> <ItemStyle Width="5%" /> <ItemTemplate> <asp:CheckBox ID="ChkDeals" runat="server" Visible="true" /> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Deal Name"> <ItemStyle Width="25%" /> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="DealName" runat="server" Text='<%# Eval("DealName") %>' /> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Name in CRM"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="CRMDealName" runat="server" Text='<%# Eval("CRM_NAME") %>' /> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Deal Code"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:Label ID="PartNum" runat="server" Text='<%# Eval("PARTNUM") %>' /> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField> </Columns> </asp:GridView> </td> </tr> </table> </asp:Panel> </div> </ContentTemplate> </igtab:Tab> ` The problem im facing is after the "BtnAddVeriField" add button is clicked the Panel for the next tab gets displayed below the first tab's Panel. Furthermore, that Add button is not displayed as well.

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Drupal views pane content not visible

- by jwandborg

I have a pane on my front page with one content pane and two views panes. I can't see the content of the third view ($pane->pid = "new-3" / comment: # Senaste bilder). Here's my panel <?php $page = new stdClass; $page->disabled = FALSE; /* Edit this to true to make a default page disabled initially */ $page->api_version = 1; $page->name = 'frontpage'; $page->task = 'page'; $page->admin_title = 'Startsida'; $page->admin_description = ''; $page->path = 'hem'; $page->access = array(); $page->menu = array(); $page->arguments = array(); $page->conf = array(); $page->default_handlers = array(); $handler = new stdClass; $handler->disabled = FALSE; /* Edit this to true to make a default handler disabled initially */ $handler->api_version = 1; $handler->name = 'page_frontpage_panel_context'; $handler->task = 'page'; $handler->subtask = 'frontpage'; $handler->handler = 'panel_context'; $handler->weight = 0; $handler->conf = array( 'title' => 'Panel', 'no_blocks' => FALSE, 'css_id' => '', 'css' => '', 'contexts' => array(), 'relationships' => array(), ); $display = new panels_display; $display->layout = 'onecol'; $display->layout_settings = array(); $display->panel_settings = array(); $display->cache = array(); $display->title = ''; $display->content = array(); $display->panels = array(); # Bild $pane = new stdClass; $pane->pid = 'new-1'; $pane->panel = 'middle'; $pane->type = 'custom'; $pane->subtype = 'custom'; $pane->shown = TRUE; $pane->access = array(); $pane->configuration = array( 'admin_title' => '', 'title' => '', 'body' => '<img src="/sites/all/themes/zen/ils-2010/img/graphics-start-text-v3.png" alt="Hej! Vi vet att du och dina klasskompisar har mycket att tänka på under er sista termin i gymnasiet. Därför har vi samlat några saker som vi tror kommer göra er studenttid lite roligare och lite enklare. Välkommen!" />', 'format' => '2', 'substitute' => TRUE, ); $pane->cache = array(); $pane->style = array(); $pane->css = array(); $pane->extras = array(); $pane->position = 0; $display->content['new-1'] = $pane; $display->panels['middle'][0] = 'new-1'; # Topplista $pane = new stdClass; $pane->pid = 'new-2'; $pane->panel = 'middle'; $pane->type = 'views_panes'; $pane->subtype = 'topplista_terms-panel_pane_1'; $pane->shown = TRUE; $pane->access = array(); $pane->configuration = array( 'link_to_view' => 1, 'more_link' => 0, 'use_pager' => 0, 'pager_id' => '', 'items_per_page' => '10', 'offset' => '0', 'path' => 'flaktavling/topplista/klasser', 'override_title' => 0, 'override_title_text' => '', ); $pane->cache = array(); $pane->style = array(); $pane->css = array(); $pane->extras = array(); $pane->position = 1; $display->content['new-2'] = $pane; $display->panels['middle'][1] = 'new-2'; # Senaste bilder $pane = new stdClass; $pane->pid = 'new-3'; $pane->panel = 'middle'; $pane->type = 'views_panes'; $pane->subtype = 'senaste_bilderna-panel_pane_1'; $pane->shown = TRUE; $pane->access = array(); $pane->configuration = array( 'link_to_view' => 0, 'more_link' => 0, 'use_pager' => 0, 'pager_id' => '', 'items_per_page' => '2', 'offset' => '0', 'path' => 'galleri/senaste-bilder', 'override_title' => 0, 'override_title_text' => '', ); $pane->cache = array(); $pane->style = array(); $pane->css = array( 'css_id' => 'pane-senaste-bilderna', 'css_class' => '', ); $pane->extras = array(); $pane->position = 2; $display->content['new-3'] = $pane; $display->panels['middle'][2] = 'new-3'; $display->hide_title = PANELS_TITLE_FIXED; $display->title_pane = 'new-1'; $handler->conf['display'] = $display; $page->default_handlers[$handler->name] = $handler; Here´s the view senaste_bilderna <?php $view = new view; $view->name = 'senaste_bilderna'; $view->description = ''; $view->tag = ''; $view->view_php = ''; $view->base_table = 'node'; $view->is_cacheable = FALSE; $view->api_version = 2; $view->disabled = FALSE; /* Edit this to true to make a default view disabled initially */ $handler = $view->new_display('default', 'Förvalt', 'default'); $handler->override_option('fields', array( 'field_picture_fid' => array( 'id' => 'field_picture_fid', 'table' => 'node_data_field_picture', 'field' => 'field_picture_fid', ), )); $handler->override_option('sorts', array( 'created' => array( 'order' => 'DESC', 'granularity' => 'second', 'id' => 'created', 'table' => 'node', 'field' => 'created', 'relationship' => 'none', ), )); $handler->override_option('filters', array( 'type' => array( 'operator' => 'in', 'value' => array( 'ils_picture' => 'ils_picture', ), 'group' => '0', 'exposed' => FALSE, 'expose' => array( 'operator' => FALSE, 'label' => '', ), 'id' => 'type', 'table' => 'node', 'field' => 'type', 'override' => array( 'button' => 'Åsidosätt', ), 'relationship' => 'none', ), )); $handler->override_option('access', array( 'type' => 'none', )); $handler->override_option('cache', array( 'type' => 'none', )); $handler->override_option('title', 'Senaste bilderna från galleriet'); $handler->override_option('items_per_page', 2); $handler->override_option('row_options', array( 'inline' => array( 'field_picture_fid' => 'field_picture_fid', ), 'separator' => '', 'hide_empty' => 0, )); $handler = $view->new_display('panel_pane', 'Content pane', 'panel_pane_1'); $handler->override_option('pane_title', ''); $handler->override_option('pane_description', ''); $handler->override_option('pane_category', array( 'name' => 'View panes', 'weight' => 0, )); $handler->override_option('allow', array( 'use_pager' => FALSE, 'items_per_page' => FALSE, 'offset' => FALSE, 'link_to_view' => FALSE, 'more_link' => FALSE, 'path_override' => FALSE, 'title_override' => FALSE, 'exposed_form' => FALSE, )); $handler->override_option('argument_input', array()); $handler->override_option('link_to_view', 0); $handler->override_option('inherit_panels_path', 0); $handler = $view->new_display('page', 'Sida', 'page_1'); $handler->override_option('path', 'galleri/senaste-bilderna'); $handler->override_option('menu', array( 'type' => 'none', 'title' => '', 'description' => '', 'weight' => 0, 'name' => 'navigation', )); $handler->override_option('tab_options', array( 'type' => 'none', 'title' => '', 'description' => '', 'weight' => 0, )); I have edited one views template, here's the code in the file views-view-fields--senaste-bilderna.tpl.php <?php // $Id: views-view-fields.tpl.php,v 1.6 2008/09/24 22:48:21 merlinofchaos Exp $ /** * @file views-view-fields.tpl.php * Default simple view template to all the fields as a row. * * - $view: The view in use. * - $fields: an array of $field objects. Each one contains: * - $field->content: The output of the field. * - $field->raw: The raw data for the field, if it exists. This is NOT output safe. * - $field->class: The safe class id to use. * - $field->handler: The Views field handler object controlling this field. Do not use * var_export to dump this object, as it can't handle the recursion. * - $field->inline: Whether or not the field should be inline. * - $field->inline_html: either div or span based on the above flag. * - $field->separator: an optional separator that may appear before a field. * - $row: The raw result object from the query, with all data it fetched. * * @ingroup views_templates */ ?> <?php foreach ($fields as $id => $field): ?> <?php $result = db_query('SELECT * FROM {files} WHERE fid = ' . $row->node_data_field_picture_field_picture_fid ); ?> <?php $data = db_fetch_object( $result ); ?> <div id="senaste-bilderna-first"><img src="<?= imagecache_create_url('senaste_bilderna_thumbnail', $data->filepath) ?>" alt="" /></div> <?php /* if (!empty($field->separator)): <?php print $field->separator; <?php endif; <<?php print $field->inline_html; class="views-field-<?php print $field->class; "> <?php if ($field->label): <label class="views-label-<?php print $field->class; "> <?php print $field->label; : </label> <?php endif; <?php // $field->element_type is either SPAN or DIV depending upon whether or not // the field is a 'block' element type or 'inline' element type. <<?php print $field->element_type; class="field-content"><?php print $field->content; </<?php print $field->element_type; > </<?php print $field->inline_html;> <?php*/ endforeach; ?> This is the result <div class="panel-separator"> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-views-panes pane-senaste-bilderna-panel-pane-1" id="pane-senaste-bilderna"> <h2 class="pane-title">Senaste bilderna från galleriet </h2> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="view view-senaste-bilderna view-id-senaste_bilderna view-display-id-panel_pane_1 view-dom-id-2"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first"> </div> <div class="views-row views-row-2 views-row-even views-row-last"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> My Drupal version is 6.16

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count specific values in a multidimensional array

- by user1680701

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Position:absolute

- by Andrew

I have I have a div called logo. I want the logo to be on top of other areas and to overlap into the the preface top of a drupal site, the logo currently sits in the header area. I looked up position absolute and I think that what I need to use but when I use position absolute the logo disappears, I can see it if I use position fixed, relative etc. I thought the logo was being hidden because I was not using a z-index but even with that I cant see the logo. What am I doing wrong? #logo { position: absolute; top: 30px; /* 30 pixels from the top of the page */ left: 80px; /* 80 pixels from the left hand side */ z-index:1099; border: 1px solid red; /* So we can see what is happening */ } Also does anyone know of a really good free online css course? Here is some additional information, namely the CSS and the page.tpl.php: <?php // $Id: page.tpl.php,v 1.1.2.5 2010/04/08 07:02:59 sociotech Exp $ ?><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="<?php print $language->language; ?>" xml:lang="<?php print $language->language; ?>"> <head> <title><?php print $head_title; ?></title> <?php print $head; ?> <?php print $styles; ?> <?php print $setting_styles; ?>    <?php print $local_styles; ?> <?php print $scripts; ?> </head> <body id="<?php print $body_id; ?>" class="<?php print $body_classes; ?>"> <div id="page" class="page"> <div id="page-inner" class="page-inner"> <div id="skip"> <a href="#main-content-area"><?php print t('Skip to Main Content Area'); ?></a> </div>  <?php print theme('grid_row', $header_top, 'header-top', 'full-width', $grid_width); ?>  <div id="header-group-wrapper" class="header-group-wrapper full-width"> <div id="header-group" class="header-group row <?php print $grid_width; ?>"> <div id="header-group-inner" class="header-group-inner inner clearfix"> <?php print theme('grid_block', theme('links', $secondary_links), 'secondary-menu'); ?> <?php print theme('grid_block', $search_box, 'search-box'); ?> <?php if ($logo || $site_name || $site_slogan): ?> <div id="header-site-info" class="header-site-info block"> <div id="header-site-info-inner" class="header-site-info-inner inner"> <?php if ($logo): ?> <div id="logo"> <a href="<?php print check_url($front_page); ?>" title="<?php print t('Home'); ?>"><img src="<?php print $logo; ?>" alt="<?php print t('Home'); ?>" /></a> </div> <?php endif; ?> <?php if ($site_name || $site_slogan): ?> <div id="site-name-wrapper" class="clearfix"> <?php if ($site_name): ?> <span id="site-name"><a href="<?php print check_url($front_page); ?>" title="<?php print t('Home'); ?>"><?php print $site_name; ?></a></span> <?php endif; ?> <?php if ($site_slogan): ?> <span id="slogan"><?php print $site_slogan; ?></span> <?php endif; ?> </div> <?php endif; ?> </div> </div> <?php endif; ?> <?php print $header; ?> <?php print theme('grid_block', $primary_links_tree, 'primary-menu'); ?> </div> </div> </div>  <?php print theme('grid_row', $preface_top, 'preface-top', 'full-width', $grid_width); ?>  <div id="main-wrapper" class="main-wrapper full-width<?php if ($is_front) { print ' front'; } ?>"> <div id="main" class="main row <?php print $grid_width; ?>"> <div id="main-inner" class="main-inner inner clearfix"> <?php print theme('grid_row', $sidebar_first, 'sidebar-first', 'nested', $sidebar_first_width); ?>  <div id="main-group" class="main-group row nested <?php print $main_group_width; ?>"> <div id="main-group-inner" class="main-group-inner inner"> <?php print theme('grid_row', $preface_bottom, 'preface-bottom', 'nested'); ?> <div id="main-content" class="main-content row nested"> <div id="main-content-inner" class="main-content-inner inner">  <div id="content-group" class="content-group row nested <?php print $content_group_width; ?>"> <div id="content-group-inner" class="content-group-inner inner"> <?php print theme('grid_block', $breadcrumb, 'breadcrumbs'); ?> <?php if ($content_top || $help || $messages): ?> <div id="content-top" class="content-top row nested"> <div id="content-top-inner" class="content-top-inner inner"> <?php print theme('grid_block', $help, 'content-help'); ?> <?php print theme('grid_block', $messages, 'content-messages'); ?> <?php print $content_top; ?> </div> </div> <?php endif; ?> <div id="content-region" class="content-region row nested"> <div id="content-region-inner" class="content-region-inner inner"> <a name="main-content-area" id="main-content-area"></a> <?php print theme('grid_block', $tabs, 'content-tabs'); ?> <div id="content-inner" class="content-inner block"> <div id="content-inner-inner" class="content-inner-inner inner"> <?php if ($title): ?> <h1 class="title"><?php print $title; ?></h1> <?php endif; ?> <?php if ($content): ?> <div id="content-content" class="content-content"> <?php print $content; ?> <?php print $feed_icons; ?> </div> <?php endif; ?> </div> </div> </div> </div> <?php print theme('grid_row', $content_bottom, 'content-bottom', 'nested'); ?> </div> </div> <?php print theme('grid_row', $sidebar_last, 'sidebar-last', 'nested', $sidebar_last_width); ?> </div> </div> <?php print theme('grid_row', $postscript_top, 'postscript-top', 'nested'); ?> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <?php print theme('grid_row', $postscript_bottom, 'postscript-bottom', 'full-width', $grid_width); ?>  <?php print theme('grid_row', $footer, 'footer', 'full-width', $grid_width); ?>  <div id="footer-message-wrapper" class="footer-message-wrapper full-width"> <div id="footer-message" class="footer-message row <?php print $grid_width; ?>"> <div id="footer-message-inner" class="footer-message-inner inner clearfix"> <?php print theme('grid_block', $footer_message, 'footer-message-text'); ?> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <?php print $closure; ?> </body> </html> CSS /* $Id: style.css,v 1.1.2.11 2010/07/02 22:11:04 sociotech Exp $ */ /* Margin, Padding, Border Resets -------------------------------------------------------------- */ html, body, div, span, p, dl, dt, dd, ul, ol, li, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, form, fieldset, input, textarea { margin: 0; padding: 0; } img, abbr, acronym { border: 0; } /* HTML Elements -------------------------------------------------------------- */ p { margin: 1em 0; } h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { margin: 0 0 0.5em 0; } h1 { color: white !important; text-shadow: black !important; } ul, ol, dd { margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-left: 2em; /* LTR */ } li ul, li ol { margin-bottom: 0; } ul { list-style-type: disc; } ol { list-style-type: decimal; } a { margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: none; } a:link, a:visited { } a:hover, a:focus, a:active { text-decoration: underline; } blockquote { } hr { height: 1px; border: 1px solid gray; } /* tables */ table { border-spacing: 0; width: 100%; } tr.even td, tr.odd td { background-color: #FFFFFF; border: 1px solid #dbdbdb; } caption { text-align: left; } th { margin: 0; padding: 0 10px 0 0; } th.active img { display: inline; } thead th { padding-right: 10px; } td { margin: 0; padding: 3px; } /* Remove grid block styles from Drupal's table ".block" class */ td.block { border: none; float: none; margin: 0; } /* Maintain light background/dark text on dragged table rows */ tr.drag td, tr.drag-previous td { background: #FFFFDD; color: #000; } /* Accessibility /-------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* skip-link to main content, hide offscreen */ #skip a, #skip a:hover, #skip a:visited { height: 1px; left: 0px; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; top: -500px; width: 1px; } /* make skip link visible when selected */ #skip a:active, #skip a:focus { background-color: #fff; color: #000; height: auto; padding: 5px 10px; position: absolute; top: 0; width: auto; z-index: 99; } #skip a:hover { text-decoration: none; } /* Helper Classes /-------------------------------------------------------------- */ .hide { display: none; visibility: hidden; } .left { float: left; } .right { float: right; } .clear { clear: both; } /* clear floats after an element */ /* (also in ie6-fixes.css, ie7-fixes.css) */ .clearfix:after, .clearfix .inner:after { clear: both; content: "."; display: block; font-size: 0; height: 0; line-height: 0; overflow: auto; visibility: hidden; } /* Grid Layout Basics (specifics in 'gridnn_x.css') -------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* center page and full rows: override this for left-aligned page */ .page, .row { margin: 0 auto; } /* fix layout/background display on floated elements */ .row, .nested, .block { overflow: hidden; } /* full-width row wrapper */ div.full-width { width: 100%; } /* float, un-center & expand nested rows */ .nested { float: left; /* LTR */ margin: 0; width: 100%; } /* allow Superfish menus to overflow */ #sidebar-first.nested, #sidebar-last.nested, div.superfish { overflow: visible; } /* sidebar layouts */ .sidebars-both-first .content-group { float: right; /* LTR */ } .sidebars-both-last .sidebar-first { float: right; /* LTR */ } /* Grid Mask Overlay -------------------------------------------------------------- */ #grid-mask-overlay { display: none; left: 0; opacity: 0.75; position: absolute; top: 0; width: 100%; z-index: 997; } #grid-mask-overlay .row { margin: 0 auto; } #grid-mask-overlay .block .inner { background-color: #e3fffc; outline: none; } .grid-mask #grid-mask-overlay { display: block; } .grid-mask .block { overflow: visible; } .grid-mask .block .inner { outline: #f00 dashed 1px; } #grid-mask-toggle { background-color: #777; border: 2px outset #fff; color: #fff; cursor: pointer; font-variant: small-caps; font-weight: normal; left: 0; -moz-border-radius: 5px; padding: 0 5px 2px 5px; position: absolute; text-align: center; top: 22px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; z-index: 998; } #grid-mask-toggle.grid-on { border-style: inset; font-weight: bold; } /* Site Info -------------------------------------------------------------- */ #header-site-info { width: auto; } #site-name-wrapper { float: left; /* LTR */ } #site-name, #slogan { display: block; } #site-name a:link, #site-name a:visited, #site-name a:hover, #site-name a:active { text-decoration: none; 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} /* Secondary Menu /-------------------------------------------------------------- */ .secondary-menu-inner ul.links { margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ } /* Skinr styles /-------------------------------------------------------------- */ /* Skinr selectable helper classes */ .fusion-clear { clear: both; } div.fusion-right { float: right; /* LTR */ } div.fusion-center { float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } .fusion-center-content .inner { text-align: center; } .fusion-center-content .inner ul.menu { display: inline-block; text-align: center; } /* required to override drupal core */ .fusion-center-content #user-login-form { text-align: center; } .fusion-right-content .inner { text-align: right; /* LTR */ } /* required to override drupal core */ .fusion-right-content #user-login-form { text-align: right; /* LTR */ } /* Large, bold callout text style */ .fusion-callout .inner { font-weight: bold; } /* Extra padding on block */ .fusion-padding .inner { padding: 30px; } /* Adds 1px border and padding */ .fusion-border .inner { border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; padding: 10px; } /* Single line menu with separators */ .fusion-inline-menu .inner ul.menu { margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ } .fusion-inline-menu .inner ul.menu li { border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; display: inline; margin: 0; padding: 0; white-space: nowrap; } .fusion-inline-menu .inner ul.menu li a { padding: 0 8px 0 5px; /* LTR */ } .fusion-inline-menu .inner ul li.last { border: none; } /* Hide second level (and beyond) menu items */ .fusion-inline-menu .inner ul li.expanded ul { display: none; } /* Multi-column menu style with bolded top level menu items */ .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul { margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ text-align: left; /* LTR */ } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li { border-right: none; display: block; font-weight: bold; } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li.last { border-right: none; } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li.last a { padding-right: 0; /* LTR */ } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li.expanded, .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li.leaf { float: left; /* LTR */ list-style-image: none; margin-left: 50px; /* LTR */ } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul.menu li.first { margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li.expanded li.leaf { float: none; margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li.expanded ul { display: block; margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul li.expanded ul li { border: none; margin-left: 0; /* LTR */ text-align: left; /* LTR */ } .fusion-multicol-menu .inner ul.menu li ul.menu li { font-weight: normal; } /* Split list across multiple columns */ .fusion-2-col-list .inner .item-list ul li, .fusion-2-col-list .inner ul.menu li { float: left; /* LTR */ width: 50%; } .fusion-3-col-list .inner .item-list ul li, .fusion-3-col-list .inner ul.menu li { float: left; /* LTR */ width: 33%; } .fusion-2-col-list .inner .item-list ul.pager li, .fusion-3-col-list .inner .item-list ul.pager li { float: none; width: auto; } /* List with bottom border Fixes a common issue when list items have bottom borders and appear to be doubled when nested lists end and begin. This removes the extra border-bottom */ .fusion-list-bottom-border .inner ul li { list-style: none; list-style-type: none; list-style-image: none; } .fusion-list-bottom-border .inner ul li, .fusion-list-bottom-border .view-content div.views-row { padding: 0 0 0 10px; /* LTR */ border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; line-height: 216.7%; /* 26px */ } .fusion-list-bottom-border .inner ul { margin: 0; } .fusion-list-bottom-border .inner ul li ul { border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; } .fusion-list-bottom-border .inner ul li ul li.last { border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; margin-bottom: -1px; margin-top: -1px; } #views_slideshow_singleframe_pager_slideshow-page_2 .pager-item { display:block; } #views_slideshow_singleframe_pager_slideshow-page_2 { position:absolute; right:0; top:0; } #header-group-wrapper { background: none; } #page { background-color:#F3F3F3; background-image:url('/sites/all/themes/fusion/fusion_core/images/runswithgradient.jpg'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-attachment: fixed; width: auto; } #views_slideshow_singleframe_pager_slideshow-page_2 div a img { top:0px; height:60px; width:80px; padding-right:10px; padding-bottom:19px; } #mycontent{ width: 720px; } .product-body { -moz-border-radius: 4px 4px 4px 4px; margin: 0 0 20px; overflow: hidden; padding: 20px; background: none repeat scroll 0 0 #F7F7F7; border: 1px solid #000000; border-style:solid; border-width:thin; color:#000000; } #product-details { background: none repeat scroll 0 0 #F7F7F7 !important; border: 1px solid #000000 !important; color: #8E8E8E; } #logo { position: relative; top: 30px; /* 30 pixels from the top of the page */ left: 80px; /* 80 pixels from the left hand side */ z-index:1099; border: 1px solid red; /* So we can see what is happening */ } #breadcrumbs-inner { background: none; border-color: transparent; border-style: none; } #block-views-new_products-block_1{ height:200px; } /* List with no bullet and extra padding This is a common style for menus, which removes the bullet and adds more vertical padding for a simple list style */ .fusion-list-vertical-spacing .inner ul, .fusion-list-vertical-spacing div.views-row-first { margin-left: 0; margin-top: 10px; } .fusion-list-vertical-spacing .inner ul li, .fusion-list-vertical-spacing div.views-row { line-height: 133.3%; /* 16px/12px */ margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0; } .fusion-list-vertical-spacing .inner ul li { list-style: none; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none; } .fusion-list-vertical-spacing .inner ul li ul { margin-left: 10px; /* LTR */ } /* Bold all links */ .fusion-bold-links .inner a { font-weight: bold; } /* Float imagefield images left and add margin */ .fusion-float-imagefield-left .field-type-filefield, .fusion-float-imagefield-left .image-insert, .fusion-float-imagefield-left .imagecache { float: left; /* LTR */ margin: 0 15px 15px 0; /* LTR */ } /* Clear float on new Views item so each row drops to a new line */ .fusion-float-imagefield-left .views-row { clear: left; /* LTR */ } /* Float imagefield images right and add margin */ .fusion-float-imagefield-right .field-type-filefield, .fusion-float-imagefield-right .image-insert .fusion-float-imagefield-right .imagecache { float: right; /* LTR */ margin: 0 0 15px 15px; /* LTR */ } /* Clear float on new Views item so each row drops to a new line */ .fusion-float-imagefield-right .views-row { clear: right; /* LTR */ } /* Superfish: all menus */ .sf-menu li { list-style: none; list-style-image: none; list-style-type: none; } /* Superfish: vertical menus */ .superfish-vertical { position: relative; z-index: 9; } ul.sf-vertical { background: #fafafa; margin: 0; width: 100%; } ul.sf-vertical li { border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc; font-weight: bold; line-height: 200%; /* 24px */ padding: 0; width: 100%; } ul.sf-vertical li a:link, ul.sf-vertical li a:visited, ul.sf-vertical li .nolink { margin-left: 10px; padding: 2px; } ul.sf-vertical li a:hover, ul.sf-vertical li a.active { text-decoration: underline; } ul.sf-vertical li ul { background: #fafafa; border-top: 1px solid #ccc; margin-left: 0; width: 150px; } ul.sf-vertical li ul li.last { border-top: 1px solid #ccc; margin-bottom: -1px; margin-top: -1px; } ul.sf-vertical li ul { border-top: none; padding: 4px 0; } ul.sf-vertical li ul li { border-bottom: none; line-height: 150%; /* 24px */ More below but I can't paste that much Thanks for the suggestion I've tried this #header-group { position: relative; z-index: 9; } #logo { position: abosolute; top: 230px; /* 30 pixels from the top of the page */ left: 10px; /* 80 pixels from the left hand side */ z-index: 999; } but it's not working. I've taken a screen shot of the div to show the structure. http://i.stack.imgur.com/ff4DP.png

Read the article

How to optimize dynamic programming?

- by Chan

Problem A number is called lucky if the sum of its digits, as well as the sum of the squares of its digits is a prime number. How many numbers between A and B are lucky? Input: The first line contains the number of test cases T. Each of the next T lines contains two integers, A and B. Output: Output T lines, one for each case containing the required answer for the corresponding case. Constraints: 1 <= T <= 10000 1 <= A <= B <= 10^18 Sample Input: 2 1 20 120 130 Sample Output: 4 1 Explanation: For the first case, the lucky numbers are 11, 12, 14, 16. For the second case, the only lucky number is 120. The problem is quite simple if we use brute force, however the running time is so critical that my program failed most test cases. My current idea is to use dynamic programming by storing the previous sum in a temporary array, so for example: sum_digits(10) = 1 -> sum_digits(11) = sum_digits(10) + 1 The same idea is applied for sum square but with counter equals to odd numbers. Unfortunately, it still failed 9 of 10 test cases which makes me think there must be a better way to solve it. Any idea would be greatly appreciated. #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <string> #include <algorithm> #include <unordered_map> #include <unordered_set> #include <cmath> #include <cassert> #include <bitset> using namespace std; bool prime_table[1540] = { 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }; unsigned num_digits(long long i) { return i > 0 ? (long) log10 ((double) i) + 1 : 1; } void get_sum_and_sum_square_digits(long long n, int& sum, int& sum_square) { sum = 0; sum_square = 0; int digit; while (n) { digit = n % 10; sum += digit; sum_square += digit * digit; n /= 10; } } void init_digits(long long n, long long previous_sum[], const int size = 18) { int current_no_digits = num_digits(n); int digit; for (int i = 0; i < current_no_digits; ++i) { digit = n % 10; previous_sum[i] = digit; n /= 10; } for (int i = current_no_digits; i <= size; ++i) { previous_sum[i] = 0; } } void display_previous(long long previous[]) { for (int i = 0; i < 18; ++i) { cout << previous[i] << ","; } } int count_lucky_number(long long A, long long B) { long long n = A; long long end = B; int sum = 0; int sum_square = 0; int lucky_counter = 0; get_sum_and_sum_square_digits(n, sum, sum_square); long long sum_counter = sum; long long sum_square_counter = sum_square; if (prime_table[sum_counter] && prime_table[sum_square_counter]) { lucky_counter++; } long long previous_sum[19] = {1}; init_digits(n, previous_sum); while (n < end) { n++; if (n % 100000000000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[17]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[16] = 0; previous_sum[15] = 0; previous_sum[14] = 0; previous_sum[13] = 0; previous_sum[12] = 0; previous_sum[11] = 0; previous_sum[10] = 0; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 10000000000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[16]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[15] = 0; previous_sum[14] = 0; previous_sum[13] = 0; previous_sum[12] = 0; previous_sum[11] = 0; previous_sum[10] = 0; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 1000000000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[15]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[14] = 0; previous_sum[13] = 0; previous_sum[12] = 0; previous_sum[11] = 0; previous_sum[10] = 0; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 100000000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[14]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[13] = 0; previous_sum[12] = 0; previous_sum[11] = 0; previous_sum[10] = 0; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 10000000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[13]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[12] = 0; previous_sum[11] = 0; previous_sum[10] = 0; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 1000000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[12]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[11] = 0; previous_sum[10] = 0; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 100000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[11]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[10] = 0; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 10000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[10]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 1000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[9]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 100000000 == 0) { previous_sum[8]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 10000000 == 0) { previous_sum[7]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[7] * previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 1000000 == 0) { previous_sum[6]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[6] * previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] * previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 100000 == 0) { previous_sum[5]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[5] * previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] * previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] * previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 10000 == 0) { previous_sum[4]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[4] * previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] * previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] * previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] * previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 1000 == 0) { previous_sum[3]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[3] + previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[3] * previous_sum[3] + previous_sum[4] * previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] * previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] * previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] * previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 100 == 0) { previous_sum[2]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[2] + previous_sum[3] + previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[2] * previous_sum[2] + previous_sum[3] * previous_sum[3] + previous_sum[4] * previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] * previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] * previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] * previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 10 == 0) { previous_sum[1]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[1] + previous_sum[2] + previous_sum[3] + previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[1] * previous_sum[1] + previous_sum[2] * previous_sum[2] + previous_sum[3] * previous_sum[3] + previous_sum[4] * previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] * previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] * previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] * previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else { sum_counter++; sum_square_counter += ((n - 1) % 10) * 2 + 1; } // get_sum_and_sum_square_digits(n, sum, sum_square); // assert(sum == sum_counter && sum_square == sum_square_counter); if (prime_table[sum_counter] && prime_table[sum_square_counter]) { lucky_counter++; } } return lucky_counter; } void inout_lucky_numbers() { int n; cin >> n; long long a; long long b; while (n--) { cin >> a >> b; cout << count_lucky_number(a, b) << endl; } } int main() { inout_lucky_numbers(); return 0; }

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