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• Shutting down a WPF application from App.xaml.cs

  - by Johannes Rössel

  I am currently writing a WPF application which does command-line argument handling in App.xaml.cs (which is necessary because the Startup event seems to be the recommended way of getting at those arguments). Based on the arguments I want to exit the program at that point already which, as far as I know, should be done in WPF with Application.Current.Shutdown() or in this case (as I am in the current application object) probably also just this.Shutdown(). The only problem is that this doesn't seem to work right. I've stepped through with the debugger and code after the Shutdown() line still gets executed which leads to errors afterwards in the method, since I expected the application not to live that long. Also the main window (declared in the StartupUri attribute in XAML) still gets loaded. I've checked the documentation of that method and found nothing in the remarks that tell me that I shouldn't use it during Application.Startup or Application at all. So, what is the right way to exit the program at that point, i. e. the Startup event handler in an Application object?

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• TypeError: Python thinks that I passed a function 2 arguments but I only passed it 1

  - by slhck

  I work on something in Seattle Repy which is a restricted subset of Python. Anyway, I wanted to implement my own Queue that derives from a list: class Queue(list): job_count = 0 def __init__(self): list.__init__(self) def appendleft(item): item.creation_time = getruntime() item.current_count = self.job_count self.insert(0, item) def pop(): item = self.pop() item.pop_time = getruntime() return item Now I call this in my main server, where I use my own Job class to pass Jobs to the Queue: mycontext['queue'] = Queue() # ... job = Job(str(ip), message) mycontext['queue'].appendleft(job) The last line raises the following exception: Exception (with type 'exceptions.TypeError'): appendleft() takes exactly 1 argument (2 given) I'm relatively new to Python, so could anyone explain to me why it would think that I gave appendleft() two arguments when there obviously was only one?

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• Fibonacci sequence subroutine returning one digit too high...PERL

  - by beProactive

  #!/usr/bin/perl -w use strict; sub fib { my($num) = @_; #give $num to input array return(1) if ($num<=1); #termination condition return($num = &fib($num-1) + &fib($num-2)); #should return sum of first "n" terms in the fibonacci sequence } print &fib(7)."\n"; #should output 20 This subroutine should be outputting a summation of the first "x" amount of terms, as specified by the argument to the sub. However, it's one too high. Does this have something to do with the recursion? Thanks.

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• Is there any benefit to encrypting twice using pgp?

  - by ojblass

  I am asking from a "more secure" perspective. I can imagine a scenario with two required private keys needed for decryption scenarios that may make this an attractive model. This is to settle an argument. My vote is that it is not adding any additional security other than having to compromise two different private keys. I think that if it was any more secure than encrypting it one million times would be the best way to secure informaiton and I don't buy it. So I guess my question becomes is a two locking mechanism equivalent to another one locking mechanism with a single key? Update: Forgive me if the answer is obvious but my bread goes dead as I read books on the topic.

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• type of an array

  - by Tim

  Hi, when I need to pass an array to a function, it seems all the following declarations of the function will work void f(int arr[]) void f(int arr[4]) // is this one correct? for this: int a[]={1,2,3,4}; f(a); But when I assign an array to another array, it fails int a[]={1,2,3,4}; int b[4] = a; // error: array must be initialized with a brace-enclosed initializer So why an array passed as an argument of a function is okay, but used on the rhs of simple assignment is wrong? Thanks!

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• ViewController vs. View

  - by James

  Trying to wrap my head around the apple design scheme. I have a UIViewController and the corresponding XIB file that has my main screen in my application. I want to have a button on this XIB that displays another "form" (this is my disconnect) in the foreground where the user selects from a myriad of choices, then it hides that "form" and goes back to the first one. I'm completely lost here. Initially I thought I'd just add another view and set the self.view of my controller to the new view, add another IBAction and call it a day, but I can't seem to make that work. For sake of argument, say I want to "gray out" the current form, have a modal type window that takes up roughly 60% of the screen and requires you select an option, then it hides itself and we go back to normal. What is the standard approach here? Thanks

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• How do you assign a variable with the result of a if..else block?

  - by Pierre Olivier Martel

  I had an argument with a colleague about the best way to assign a variable in an if..else block. His orignal code was : @products = if params[:category] Category.find(params[:category]).products else Product.all end I rewrote it this way : if params[:category] @products = Category.find(params[:category]).products else @products = Product.all end This could also be rewritten with a one-liner using a ternery operator (? :) but let's pretend that product assignment was longer than a 100 character and couldn't fit in one line. Which of the two is clearer to you? The first solution takes a little less space but I thought that declaring a variable and assigning it three lines after can be more error prone. I also like to see my if and else aligned, makes it easier for my brain to parse it!

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• Python sys.argv lists and indexes

  - by Fred Gerbig

  In the below code I understand that sys.argv uses lists, however I am not clear on how the index's are used here. def main(): if len(sys.argv) >= 2: name = sys.argv[1] else: name = 'World' print 'Hello', name if __name__ == '__main__': main() If I change name = sys.argv[1] to name = sys.argv[0] and type something for an argument it returns: Hello C:\Documents and Settings\fred\My Documents\Downloads\google-python-exercises \google-python-exercises\hello.py Which kind of make sense. Can someone explain how the 2 is used here: if len(sys.argv) >= 2: And how the 1 is used here: name = sys.argv[1]

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• Should I really be expected to work more than 40 hours a week just because I am 'salaried developer'

  - by Ryan

  My boss says that I shouldn't be counting hours, but I am only getting paid for a full time job 40 hours per week. I don't get it. I could be using the rest of the hours in my day to run a small side business and get more income. However I have noticed other people just working and working whatever hours to hit the deadline. How is this fair? Of course the argument was 'if you worked more and increased your value then you will get more money'. A friend I regard as one of the smartest people I know (engineered his own sonar system for example) said that you should never work beyond what you are getting paid for. Thoughts?

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• Are TestContext.Properties read only ?

  - by DBJDBJ

  Using Visual Studio generate Test Unit class. Then comment out class initialization method. Inside it add your property, using the testContext argument. //Use ClassInitialize to run code before running the first test in the class [ClassInitialize()] public static void MyClassInitialize(TestContext testContext) { /* * Any user defined testContext.Properties * added here will be erased upon this method exit */ testContext.Properties.Add("key", 1 ) ; // above works but is lost } After leaving MyClassInitialize, properties defined by user are lost. Only the 10 "official" ones are left. This effectively means TestContext.Properties is read only, for users. Which is not clearly documented in MSDN. Please discuss. --DBJ

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• std::map default value for build-in type

  - by Qifa Zhao

  Recently, I was confused by the std::map operator[] function. In the MSDN library, it says: "If the argument key value is not found, then it is inserted along with the default value of the data type." I tryed to search much more exactly explanation for this issue. For example here: std::map default value In this page, Michael Anderson said that "the default value is constructed by the default constructor(zero parameter constructor)". Now my quest comes to this:"what the default value for the build-in type?". Was it compiler related? Or is there a standard for this issue by the c++ stardard committee? I did a test on visual studio 2008 for the "int" type, and found the "int" type is construted with the value 0.

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• how to get the size of a C global array into an assembly program written for the avr architecture co

  - by johannes

  I have a .c file with the following uint8_t buffer[32] I have a .S file where I want to do the following cpi r29, buffer+sizeof(buffer) The second argument for cpi muste be an imidiate value not a location. But unfortunetly sizeof() is a c operator. Both files, are getting compiled to seperate object files and linked afterwards. If I do avr-objdump -x file.c. Amongst other things, I get the size of the buffer. So it is already available in the object file. How do I access the size of the buffer in my assembly file at compile time?

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• Why is this not a bug in qmail?

  - by jemfinch

  I was reading DJB's "Some thoughts on security after ten years of Qmail 1.0" and he listed this function for moving a file descriptor: int fd_move(to,from) int to; int from; { if (to == from) return 0; if (fd_copy(to,from) == -1) return -1; close(from); return 0; } It occurred to me that this code does not check the return value of close, so I read the man page for close(2), and it seems it can fail with EINTR, in which case the appropriate behavior would seem to be to call close again with the same argument. Since this code was written by someone with far more experience than I in both C and UNIX, and additionally has stood unchanged in qmail for over a decade, I assume there must be some nuance that I'm missing that makes this code correct. Can anyone explain that nuance to me?

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• How do I redirect output from the Visual Studio debugger?

  - by jeatsy

  In Visual Studio 2008, I can specify a message to be printed when a breakpoint is hit (by right-clicking the breakpoint and choosing 'When Hit...'). When the program is run, these messages appear in the Output Window. I would like to know, is there any way to redirect them to a file? Specifying file.txt as a command argument to the program does not work: this redirects the program's output, but not the debugger's. (FWIW the behaviour I wish to achieve is to get the debugger to repeatedly print a variable's value to a file, rather than peppering my code with printf/cout statements.)

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• How to perform different operations within Observer's update() in Java?

  - by Nazgulled

  I just started playing with Observable, Observer and it's update() method and I can't understand what should I do when different actions call notifyObservers(). I mean, my Observable class has a few different methods that call setChanged() and notifyObservers() in the end. Depending on the called method, some part of the UI (Swing) needs to be updated. However, there is only one update() method implemented in the Observer class. I though of passing something to the notifyObservers() method and then I can check the argument on update() but it doesn't seem feel like a good way to do it. Even if it did, what should I pass? A string with a short description of the action/method? And int, like an action/method code? Something else? What's the best way to handle this situation?

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• Can I remove the labels from the bibliography, while keeping them in citations?

  - by Tae

  I'm writing the bibliography of my report with thebibliography environment because I don't need a BibTeX database (or I don't have the time for learn how to customize or write a style). Well, using the optional argument [label] I can specify as I want the cite references are show, for example: \bibitem[PNUD1996]{PNUD1996} PNUD. Desarrollo Humano en Chile 1996. Santiago: PNUD, 1996. So, if I write: in \cite{PNUD1996}. it produces: in [PNUD1996]. But the label also appear in the bibliography: [PNUD1996] PNUD. Desarrollo Humano en Chile 1996. Santiago: PNUD, 1996. Can I to remove the label from the bibliography and keeping it in the reference? I mean, to get: in [PNUD1996]. and PNUD. Desarrollo Humano en Chile 1996. Santiago: PNUD, 1996. Thanks, and sorry for my English :(

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• How do I work with WIndows Forms in WPF?

  - by xarzu

  How do I work with WIndows Forms in WPF? In my WPF program I created a Windows Form class. In this Form, I placed an OK button and I went into the properties of the button and set the DialogResult to OK. Now, I am calling this Dialog (Window Form) from the MainWindow.xaml.cs: dres = form.ShowDialog(); if (dres != DialogResult.OK) return; The compiler is complaining: Error 3 'System.Nullable<bool>' does not contain a definition for 'OK' and no extension method 'OK' accepting a first argument of type 'System.Nullable<bool>' could be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)

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• tidy/efficient function writing in R

  - by romunov

  Excuse my ignorance, as I'm not a computer engineer but with roots in biology. I have become a great fan of pre-allocating objects (kudos to SO and R inferno by Patrick Burns) and would like to improve my coding habits. In lieu of this fact, I've been thinking about writing more efficient functions and have the following question. Is there any benefits in removing variables that will be overwritten at the start of the next loop, or is this just a waste of time? For the sake of argument, let's assume that the size of old and new variables is very similar or identical.

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• Adding an equation or formula to a figure caption in LaTeX

  - by gotgenes

  I have a figure in LaTeX with a caption to which I need to add a formula (equation* or displaymath environments). For example: \documentclass[12pt]{article} \begin{document} \begin{figure}[tbph] \begin{center} %... \end{center} \caption{As you can see \begin{displaymath}4 \ne 5\end{displaymath} } \label{fig:somefig} \end{figure} \end{document} This makes pdflatex angry, though it will produce a PDF. ! Argument of \@caption has an extra }. <inserted text> \par l.9 } What's the right way to go about adding an equation to a figure caption? NOTE: Please do not suggest simply using the $ ... $ math environment; the equation shown is a toy example; my real equation is much more intricate. See also: Adding a caption to an equation in LaTeX (the reverse of this question)

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• php - feof error

  - by TwixxyKit

  The file that I'm trying to read is a pgp-encrypted file. This is part of the process to decrypt it and I'm actually attempting to read the contents into a string so that I can then decrypt it . I'm not sure if that's the core problem here or not, but I'm getting an error: Warning: feof(): supplied argument is not a valid stream resource Here's the file code: if($handle = opendir($dir)) { while( false !== ($file = readdir($handle))) { if($file != "." && $file != "..") { $fhandle = fopen($file, "r"); $encrypted = ''; $filename = explode('.',$file); while(!feof($fhandle)) { $encrypted .= fread($fhandle, filesize($file)); } fclose($fhandle); $decrypted = $filename[0].'.txt'; shell_exec("echo $passphrase | $gpg --passphrase-fd 0 -o $decrypted -d $encrypted"); } } }

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• Boost signals and passing class method

  - by Ockonal

  Hello, I've defined some signal: typedef boost::signals2::signal<void (int temp)> SomeSig; typedef SomeSig::slot_type SomeSigType; I have some class: class SomeClass { SomeClass() { SomeSig.connect(&SomeClass::doMethod); } void doMethod(const SomeSig &slot); }; And got a lot of errors: error: ‘BOOST_PP_ENUM_SHIFTED_PARAMS_M’ was not declared in this scope error: ‘T’ was not declared in this scope error: a function call cannot appear in a constant-expression error: a function call cannot appear in a constant-expression error: template argument 1 is invalid error: ‘BOOST_SIGNALS2_MISC_STATEMENT’ has not been declared error: expected identifier before ‘~’ token error: expected ‘)’ before ‘~’ token error: expected ‘;’ before ‘~’ token

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• How do you deal with the conflict between ActiveSupport::JSON and the JSON gem?

  - by Luke Francl

  I am stumped with this problem. ActiveSupport::JSON defines to_json on various core objects and so does the JSON gem. However, the implementation is not the same -- the ActiveSupport version takes arguments and the JSON gem version doesn't. I installed a gem that required the JSON gem and my app broke. The issue is that I'm using to_json in a controller that returns a list of objects, but I want to control which attributes are returned. When code anywhere in my system does require 'json' I get this error message: TypeError: wrong argument type Hash (expected Data) I tried a couple of things that I read online to fix it, but nothing worked. I ended up re-writing the gem to use ActiveSupport::JSON.decode instead of JSON.parse. This works but it's not sustainable...I can't be forking gems every time I want to use a gem that requires the JSON gem. Update: The best solution of this problem is to upgrade to Rails 2.3 or higher, which fixed it.

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• Are frameworks using byte-code generation creating leaky abstractions?

  - by Gabriel Šcerbák

  My point is, if you don't understand the abstraction of a framework, you can still decompile it and understand it, because you know the language e.g. Java. However, when byte-code generation happens, you have to understand even a lower level - JVM level byte-codes. I am really affraid of using any of such frameworks, which are many. Most of the time I think the reason for byte-code generation is simply lack of language features such as metaprogramming. Do you agree? What is your opinion and argument? How do you take over the problem with leaky abstractions in those frameworks?

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• R: Using sapply on vector of POSIXct

  - by Chris

  I have what may be a very simple question. I want to process a column of POSIXct objects from a dataframe and generate a vector of datetime strings. I tried to use the following sapply call dt <- sapply(df$datetime, function(x) format(x,"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S")) but to no avail. I keep getting the following error Error in prettyNum(.Internal(format(x, trim, digits, nsmall, width, 3L, : invalid 'trim' argument When I apply this function to a single POSIXct object from the column, I have no problem. So I'm stumped at the moment about what the problem is. Do I need to do something special with POSIXct objects?

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• Can't get up with RIA demo: part 2

  - by Budda

  Here is a topic: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2507734/cant-get-up-with-ria-demo where I've described problem with getting access to DomainContext object on the client. That time problem was resolved himself (without any actions from my side, with Visual Studio restart). At the moment, I had the same problem on another PC (Vista x64, VS2008, Silverlight 3.0, RIA Services Toolkit): ThomasDomainContext class that inherits DomainContext was not visible from the page's codebehind file. Again, it was resolved after VS restart and after that I got another problem: Error 1 'VfmElita.Web.ClientBin.ThomasDomainContext' does not contain a definition for 'employee' and no extension method 'employee' accepting a first argument of type 'VfmElita.Web.ClientBin.ThomasDomainContext' could be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) D:\Project\Budda\VFMElita\VfmElitaSilverlightClient\MainPage.xaml.cs for the following lines of code (error is noticed for the 31st line): 30: var context = new ThomasDomainContext(); 31: grid1.ItemsSource = context.employee; 32: context.Load(context.GetEmployeeQuery()); Any help is welcome. P.S. Please note, that source code create on the 1st machine is successfully compilable and launchable

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