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• How can I put the results of Cursor into String[]. For more detail, please refer to the code below

  - by Hicen

  public class DisplayCustomersActivity extends Activity implements Button.OnClickListener { private SalesDB sdb; private ListView lvDCList; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.displaycustomers); lvDCList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvDCList); sdb = new SalesDB(this); SQLiteDatabase db = sdb.getReadableDatabase(); Cursor results = db.query(sdb.TABLE_CUSTOMER, new String[] {sdb.CUSTOMER_ID, sdb.CUSTOMER_NAME, sdb.CUSTOMER_GENDER}, null, null, null, null, null); int resultCount = results.getCount(); String[] customers = new String[resultCount]; if (resultCount == 0 || !results.moveToFirst()) { customers = null; } else { for(int i=0; i<resultCount; i++) { //Process results to String array here ... ... results.moveToNext(); } } }

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• SQL query not working

  - by Ziv

  hi, I'm trying to create a query in an access database for a C# dataset using the query editor but the created method says there is a problem and isn't created correctly. SELECT Discs.* FROM Discs WHERE (Title=@Title OR @Title IS NULL) AND (Type=@Type OR @Type IS NULL) AND (ContainerID=@ContainerID OR @ContainerID IS NULL) AND NOT (@Title IS NULL AND @Type IS NULL AND @ContainerID IS NULL) the error is: Generated SELECT statement. Error in WHERE clause near '@'. Unable to parse query text. the generated select method doesn't have any parameters and is unusable. I've tried the exact same SQL statement in the access query and it worked flawlessly, what am I supposed to be doing differently when transferring it to C#?

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• Select rows where column LIKE dictionary word

  - by Gerve

  I have 2 tables: Dictionary - Contains roughly 36,000 words CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `dictionary` ( `word` varchar(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`word`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; Datas - Contains roughly 100,000 rows CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `datas` ( `ID` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `hash` varchar(32) NOT NULL, `data` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `length` int(11) NOT NULL, `time` int(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`ID`), UNIQUE KEY `hash` (`hash`), KEY `data` (`data`), KEY `length` (`length`), KEY `time` (`time`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=105316 ; I would like to somehow select all the rows from datas where the column data contains 1 or more words. I understand this is a big ask, it would need to match all of these rows together in every combination possible, so it needs the best optimization. I have tried the below query, but it just hangs for ages: SELECT `datas`.*, `dictionary`.`word` FROM `datas`, `dictionary` WHERE `datas`.`data` LIKE CONCAT('%', `dictionary`.`word`, '%') AND LENGTH(`dictionary`.`word`) > 3 ORDER BY `length` ASC LIMIT 15 I have also tried something similar to the above with a left join, and on clause that specified the like statement.

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• Jquery select add values from json

  - by brabertaser1992

  I have such json: [ { "MOD_AXL": 0, "MOD_CDS_ID": 110000168, "MOD_CV": 0, "MOD_CV_CTM": null, "MOD_ID": 168, "MOD_MFA_ID": 514, "MOD_PC": 1, "MOD_PCON_END": 199007, "MOD_PCON_START": 196303, "MOD_PC_CTM": null, "Name": "2 CV"}, { "MOD_AXL": 0, "MOD_CDS_ID": 110004500, "MOD_CV": 0, "MOD_CV_CTM": null, "MOD_ID": 4500, "MOD_MFA_ID": 514, "MOD_PC": 1, "MOD_PCON_END": 198810, "MOD_PCON_START": 197808, "MOD_PC_CTM": null, "Name": "ACADIANE"}, { "MOD_AXL": 0, "MOD_CDS_ID": 110001660, "MOD_CV": 0, "MOD_CV_CTM": null, "MOD_ID": 1660, "MOD_MFA_ID": 514, "MOD_PC": 1, "MOD_PCON_END": 197712, "MOD_PCON_START": 196301, "MOD_PC_CTM": null, "Name": "AMI"} // etc..etc.. ]? But how to set as select value MOD_ID, and as text of select option: Name? I have this data in text: $(".man-select").change(function(){ var mfa_id = $(".man-select").val(); console.log(mfa_id); $.ajax({ url: "/get_models_for_mfa/mfa_id="+mfa_id+".json", type: "GET", data: {}, success: function(text) //here is object { console.log("getted"); $('.mod-select') .append($("<option></option>") .attr("value",text) .text(text)); }, error: function(){ //alert('?????? javascript'); }, dataType : "html" }); });

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• Problem with joining to an empty table

  - by Imran Omar Bukhsh

  I use the following query: select * from A LEFT JOIN B on ( A.t_id != B.t_id) to get all the records in A that are not in B. The results are fine except when table B is completely empty, but then I do not get any records, even from table A. Later It wont work yet! CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS T1 ( id int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, title varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL, t_id int(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (id) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=3 ; -- -- Dumping data for table T1 INSERT INTO T1 (id, title, t_id) VALUES (1, 'apple', 1), (2, 'orange', 2); -- -- Table structure for table T2 CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS T2 ( id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, title varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL, t_id int(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (id) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=2 ; -- -- Dumping data for table T2 INSERT INTO T2 (id, title, t_id) VALUES (1, 'dad', 2); Now I want to get all records in T1 that do not have a corresponding records in T2 I try SELECT * FROM T1 LEFT OUTER JOIN T2 ON T1.t_id != T2.t_id and it won't work

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• Coalesce and Case-When with To_Date not working as expected (Postgres bug?)

  - by ADTC

  I'm using Postgres 9.1. The following query does not work as expected. Coalesce should return the first non-null value. However, this query returns null (1?) instead of the date (2). select COALESCE( TO_DATE('','yyyymmdd'), --(1) TO_DATE('20130201','yyyymmdd') --(2) ); --(1) this evaluates independently to null --(2) this evaluates independently to the date, and therefore is the first non-null value What am I doing wrong? Any workaround? Edit: This may have nothing to do with Coalesce at all. I tried some experiments with Case When constructs; it turns out, Postgres has this big ugly bug where it treats TO_DATE('','yyyymmdd') as not null, even though selecting it returns null.

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• C# recursive programming with lists

  - by David Torrey

  I am working on a program where each item can hold an array of items (i'm making a menu, which has a tree-like structure) currently i have the items as a list, instead of an array, but I don't feel like I'm using it to its full potential to simplify code. I chose a list over a standard array because the interface (.add, .remove, etc...) makes a lot of sense. I have code to search through the structure and return the path of the name (i.e. Item.subitem.subsubitem.subsubsubitem). Below is my code: public class Item { //public Item[] subitem; <-- Array of Items public List<Item> subitem; // <-- List of Items public Color itemColor = Color.FromArgb(50,50,200); public Rectangle itemSize = new Rectangle(0,0,64,64); public Bitmap itemBitmap = null; public string itemName; public string LocateItem(string searchName) { string tItemName = null; //if the item name matches the search parameter, send it up) if (itemName == searchName) { return itemName; } if (subitem != null) { //spiral down a level foreach (Item tSearchItem in subitem) { tItemName = tSearchItem.LocateItem(searchName); if (tItemName != null) break; //exit for if item was found } } //do name logic (use index numbers) //if LocateItem of the subitems returned nothing and the current item is not a match, return null (not found) if (tItemName == null && itemName != searchName) { return null; } //if it's not the item being searched for and the search item was found, change the string and return it up if (tItemName != null && itemName != searchName) { tItemName.Insert(0, itemName + "."); //insert the parent name on the left --> TopItem.SubItem.SubSubItem.SubSubSubItem return tItemName; } //default not found return null; } } My question is if there is an easier way to do this with lists? I've been going back and forth in my head as to whether I should use lists or just an array. The only reason I have a list is so that I don't have to make code to resize the array each time I add or remove an item.

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• mysql count(*) left join group by - the number of files in a folder

  - by Flavius

  Hi I have the following tables CREATE TABLE `files` ( `fileid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `filename` varchar(255) NOT NULL, `filesize` int(11) NOT NULL, `folder` int(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`fileid`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; CREATE TABLE `folders` ( `directoryid` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `directoryname` varchar(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`directoryid`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; How to get a list of all folders and the number of files they hold, including folders who have no (zero) files? Recursion must not be taken into account. Found it select folders.directoryid, folders.directoryname, count(files.fileid) as no_files from folders left join files on files.folder = folders.directoryid group by folders.directoryid, folders.directoryname I hope it will help someone.

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• How can i use the Orientation correct for images

  - by user3578109

  I´m learning android/java by myself @the moment and i have a problem with a part of my app i´m learning on. I made the code with help of the www and my problem is that if i open an image from the gallery it´s send to the edit activity but in the activity pictures what are made in portrait mode are displayed always wrong (90° to the right side).... The codes are Matrix private Bitmap rotateBitmapToOrientation(Bitmap b, int orientation){ Matrix matrix = new Matrix(); matrix.postRotate(orientation); Canvas offscreenCanvas = new Canvas(); offscreenCanvas.drawBitmap(b, matrix, null); return b; } and the other one @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data); switch (requestCode) { case PICK_IMAGE_FROM_GALLERY: { if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) { Log.d(TAG, "Got Picture!"); Log.d(TAG,"File type - " + data.getType()); Uri photoUri = data.getData(); if (photoUri != null) { try { String[] filePathColumn = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA}; String[] orientationColumn = {MediaStore.Images.Media.ORIENTATION}; int orientation = -1; Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(photoUri, filePathColumn, null, null, null); cursor.moveToFirst(); int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(filePathColumn[0]); String filePath = cursor.getString(columnIndex); cursor.close(); cursor = getContentResolver().query(photoUri, orientationColumn, null, null, null); if(cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()){ orientation = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(orientationColumn[0])); } cursor.close(); HashMap<String, Integer> pRes = this.getImageResolutionSetting(); Bitmap shrunkenBitmap = FileUtilsHelper.shrinkBitmap(filePath, pRes.get("width"), pRes.get("height")); shrunkenBitmap = rotateBitmapToOrientation(shrunkenBitmap, orientation); String res = FileUtilsHelper.saveBitmapAsJpeg(shrunkenBitmap, this); Log.d(TAG,"File Path: " + res); shrunkenBitmap.recycle(); Intent editImage = new Intent(this, EditImage.class); editImage.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_FORWARD_RESULT); editImage.putExtra("stuff.path", res); startActivity(editImage); }catch(Exception e){ Toast.makeText(this, R.string.cant_save_image,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } } } break; } }} I don´t know what i´m doing wrong... I could really need a teacher on that :) Thx for your help dudes!!

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• 7 - drupal overriding theme fucntions gettting notices

  - by welovedesign

  So I am overriding a theme function by putting the contents in my template.php module, the problem is that it it throwing up loads of undefined index notices because there are lots of functions that are defined in the module. How can I define these in the template.php file and prevent the notices. Note: I know i can turn them off 'uc_cart_block_content' => array( 'variables' => array( 'help_text' => NULL, 'items' => NULL, 'item_count' => NULL, 'item_text' => NULL, 'total' => NULL, 'summary_links' => NULL, 'collapsed' => TRUE, ), 'file' => 'uc_cart.theme.inc', ),

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• How to call 3 threads sequentially many times?

  - by Hello

  How to call 3 threads sequentially many times? For example: In iteration 1, execution order should be "Thread0-thread1-thread2" then in iteration 2 should be same i.e "Thread0 - thread1-thread2" and so on. The sample code is just executing 3 threads only once. It is not going to 2nd iteration. Thread0 = CreateThread( NULL,0,ThreadProc0, NULL, CREATE_SUSPENDED, &ThreadID); Thread1 = CreateThread( NULL,0,ThreadProc1, NULL, CREATE_SUSPENDED, &ThreadID); Thread2 = CreateThread( NULL,0,ThreadProc2, NULL, CREATE_SUSPENDED, &ThreadID); for(i=0;i<iterations;i++) //Iterations in calling threads { ResumeThread(Thread0); WaitForSingleObject(Thread0, INFINITE); ResumeThread(Thread1); WaitForSingleObject(Thread1, INFINITE); ResumeThread(Thread2); WaitForSingleObject(Thread2, INFINITE); } // Close thread and semaphore handles

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• Outer select column value in joined subquery?

  - by Michael DePetrillo

  Is it possible to use a column value from an outer select within a joined subquery? SELECT table1.id, table2.cnt FROM table1 LEFT JOIN (SELECT COUNT(*) as `cnt` FROM table2 where table2.lt > table1.lt and table2.rt < table1.rt) as table2 ON 1; This results in "Unknown column 'table1.lt' in 'where clause'". Here is the db dump. CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `table1` ( `id` int(1) NOT NULL, `lt` int(1) NOT NULL, `rt` int(4) NOT NULL) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `table2` ( `id` int(1) NOT NULL, `lt` int(1) NOT NULL, `rt` int(4) NOT NULL) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; INSERT INTO `table1` (`id`, `lt`, `rt`) VALUES (1, 1, 4); INSERT INTO `table2` (`id`, `lt`, `rt`) VALUES (2, 2, 3);

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• weird index behavior

  - by TasostheGreat

  I have set up my table with an index only on done_status(done_status =INT), when I use EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM reminder WHERE done_status=2 i get this back id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra 1 SIMPLE reminder ALL done_status NULL NULL NULL 5 Using where but when I give this command EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM reminder WHERE done_status=1 that's what I get back: id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra 1 SIMPLE reminder ref done_status done_status 4 const 2 first time it shows me it uses 5 rows second time 2 rows I don't think the index works, if I understood it right first time it should give me 3 rows. What do I do wrong? SHOW INDEX FROM reminder: Table Non_unique Key_name Seq_in_index Column_name Collation Cardinality Sub_part Packed Null Index_type Comment Index_comment reminder 1 done_status 1 done_status A 5 NULL NULL BTREE

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• Inserting THEAD element into embedded HTML using jQuery

  - by robalot

  I'm trying to use jQuery to insert HTML into a table element. I've been messing variations of the selector (below) with no luck. Can someone help me? My Selector: $j('#ctl00_body_gridData_dom').children('table:first').append("<thead><tr><td colspan='6'>&nbsp;</td><td align='center' colspan='7'>EM SPECS</td><td align='center' colspan='7'>FISH</td><td colspan='11'>&nbsp;</td></tr></thead>"); Here's what I am trying to do... I want to insert this: <thead> <tr> <td colspan="6"> &nbsp; </td> <td align="center" colspan="7"> EM SPECS </td> <td align="center" colspan="7"> FISH </td> <td colspan="11"> &nbsp; </td> </tr> </thead> The sample below is what I want the end result to look like... So It Looks Like This: Jquery Event Pool <table id="ctl00_body_gridData" style="width: 2000px; -moz-user-select: none;" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td id="ctl00_body_gridData_dom" class="GridData" style="vertical-align: top; height: 245px;" valign="top"> <table style="width: 100%;" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <thead> <tr> <td colspan="6"> &nbsp; </td> <td align="center" colspan="7"> EM SPECS </td> <td align="center" colspan="7"> FISH </td> <td colspan="11"> &nbsp; </td> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr id="ctl00_body_gridData_top_head" class="headerlineGrid"> <td width="16"> <div style="width: 16px;"></div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,4,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,4,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,0,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,4,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,4,0)" style="width: 89px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 89px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> Work<br>Package</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,6,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,6,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,1,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,6,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,6,0)" style="width: 62px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 62px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> Work<br>Order</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,9,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,9,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,2,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,9,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,9,0)" style="width: 66px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 66px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> FCR<br>Group</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,12,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,12,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,3,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,12,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,12,0)" style="width: 105px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 105px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center">Contractor</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,15,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,15,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,4,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,15,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,15,0)" style="width: 159px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 159px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> Capital/Expense<br>Group</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,19,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,19,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,5,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,19,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,19,0)" style="width: 99px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 99px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center">Cost Type</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,20,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,20,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,6,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,20,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,20,0)" style="width: 81px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 81px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> Commit<br>Dollars</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,21,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,21,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,7,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,21,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,21,0)" style="width: 81px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 81px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> Commit<br>Hours</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,22,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,22,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,8,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,22,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,22,0)" style="width: 86px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 86px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> Commit<br>Quantity</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,23,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,23,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,9,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,23,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,23,0)" style="width: 76px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 76px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> Control<br>Budget</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,24,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,24,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,10,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,24,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,24,0)" style="width: 46px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 46px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center">FTC</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,25,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,25,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,11,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,25,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,25,0)" style="width: 88px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 88px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> Total<br>Forecast</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,26,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,26,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,12,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,26,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,26,0)" style="width: 50px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 50px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> Ctr<br>COB</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,27,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,27,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,13,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,27,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,27,0)" style="width: 49px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 49px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> Ctr<br>CCB</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,28,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,28,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,14,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,28,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,28,0)" style="width: 81px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 81px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> Ctr<br> Commit<br>$</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,29,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,29,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,15,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,29,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,29,0)" style="width: 81px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 81px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> Ctr<br> Commit<br>Hours</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,30,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,30,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,16,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,30,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,30,0)" style="width: 86px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 86px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> Ctr<br> Commit<br>Quantity</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,31,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,31,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,17,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,31,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,31,0)" style="width: 95px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 95px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> Ctr<br>% Compl.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> <td onclick="ctl00_body_gridData.ClickHandler(event,this,32,0)" ondblclick="ctl00_body_gridData.DblClickHandler(event,null,32,0)" onmousemove="ctl00_body_gridData.MoveHandler(event,this,18,0)" onmouseover="ctl00_body_gridData.OverHandler(event,this,0)" onmouseout="ctl00_body_gridData.OutHandler(event,this,0)" onmousedown="ctl00_body_gridData.DownHandler(event,this,32,0)" onmouseup="ctl00_body_gridData.UpHandler(event,this,32,0)" style="width: 105px;" class="HeadingCell" align="center"> <div style="text-align: center; overflow: hidden; width: 105px;"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center;" class="HeadingCellText" align="center"> Contractor<br>CFTC</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td id="ctl00_body_gridData_expcolgrp_0" width="16" align="center"></td> <td class="GroupHeading" colspan="20"> FCR<br>Group: Engineering</td> </tr> <tr> <td id="ctl00_body_gridData_expcolgrp_1" width="16" align="center"></td> <td class="GroupHeading" colspan="20"> FCR<br>Group: Pipe</td> </tr> <tr> <td id="ctl00_body_gridData_expcolgrp_2" width="16" align="center"></td> <td class="GroupHeading" colspan="20"> FCR<br>Group: Concrete</td> </tr> <tr> <td id="ctl00_body_gridData_expcolgrp_3" width="16" align="center"></td> <td class="GroupHeading" colspan="20"> FCR<br>Group: Insulation</td> </tr> <tr> <td id="ctl00_body_gridData_expcolgrp_4" width="16" align="center"></td> <td class="GroupHeading" colspan="20"> FCR<br>Group: Buildings</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </body> </html>

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• DirectShow: Video-Preview and Image (with working code)

  - by xsl

  Questions / Issues If someone can recommend me a good free hosting site I can provide the whole project file. As mentioned in the text below the TakePicture() method is not working properly on the HTC HD 2 device. It would be nice if someone could look at the code below and tell me if it is right or wrong what I'm doing. Introduction I recently asked a question about displaying a video preview, taking camera image and rotating a video stream with DirectShow. The tricky thing about the topic is, that it's very hard to find good examples and the documentation and the framework itself is very hard to understand for someone who is new to windows programming and C++ in general. Nevertheless I managed to create a class that implements most of this features and probably works with most mobile devices. Probably because the DirectShow implementation depends a lot on the device itself. I could only test it with the HTC HD and HTC HD2, which are known as quite incompatible. HTC HD Working: Video preview, writing photo to file Not working: Set video resolution (CRASH), set photo resolution (LOW quality) HTC HD 2 Working: Set video resolution, set photo resolution Problematic: Video Preview rotated Not working: Writing photo to file To make it easier for others by providing a working example, I decided to share everything I have got so far below. I removed all of the error handling for the sake of simplicity. As far as documentation goes, I can recommend you to read the MSDN documentation, after that the code below is pretty straight forward. void Camera::Init() { CreateComObjects(); _captureGraphBuilder->SetFiltergraph(_filterGraph); InitializeVideoFilter(); InitializeStillImageFilter(); } Dipslay a video preview (working with any tested handheld): void Camera::DisplayVideoPreview(HWND windowHandle) { IVideoWindow *_vidWin; _filterGraph->QueryInterface(IID_IMediaControl,(void **) &_mediaControl); _filterGraph->QueryInterface(IID_IVideoWindow, (void **) &_vidWin); _videoCaptureFilter->QueryInterface(IID_IAMVideoControl, (void**) &_videoControl); _captureGraphBuilder->RenderStream(&PIN_CATEGORY_PREVIEW, &MEDIATYPE_Video, _videoCaptureFilter, NULL, NULL); CRect rect; long width, height; GetClientRect(windowHandle, &rect); _vidWin->put_Owner((OAHWND)windowHandle); _vidWin->put_WindowStyle(WS_CHILD | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS); _vidWin->get_Width(&width); _vidWin->get_Height(&height); height = rect.Height(); _vidWin->put_Height(height); _vidWin->put_Width(rect.Width()); _vidWin->SetWindowPosition(0,0, rect.Width(), height); _mediaControl->Run(); } HTC HD2: If set SetPhotoResolution() is called FindPin will return E_FAIL. If not, it will create a file full of null bytes. HTC HD: Works void Camera::TakePicture(WCHAR *fileName) { CComPtr<IFileSinkFilter> fileSink; CComPtr<IPin> stillPin; CComPtr<IUnknown> unknownCaptureFilter; CComPtr<IAMVideoControl> videoControl; _imageSinkFilter.QueryInterface(&fileSink); fileSink->SetFileName(fileName, NULL); _videoCaptureFilter.QueryInterface(&unknownCaptureFilter); _captureGraphBuilder->FindPin(unknownCaptureFilter, PINDIR_OUTPUT, &PIN_CATEGORY_STILL, &MEDIATYPE_Video, FALSE, 0, &stillPin); _videoCaptureFilter.QueryInterface(&videoControl); videoControl->SetMode(stillPin, VideoControlFlag_Trigger); } Set resolution: Works great on HTC HD2. HTC HD won't allow SetVideoResolution() and only offers one low resolution photo resolution: void Camera::SetVideoResolution(int width, int height) { SetResolution(true, width, height); } void Camera::SetPhotoResolution(int width, int height) { SetResolution(false, width, height); } void Camera::SetResolution(bool video, int width, int height) { IAMStreamConfig *config; config = NULL; if (video) { _captureGraphBuilder->FindInterface(&PIN_CATEGORY_PREVIEW, &MEDIATYPE_Video, _videoCaptureFilter, IID_IAMStreamConfig, (void**) &config); } else { _captureGraphBuilder->FindInterface(&PIN_CATEGORY_STILL, &MEDIATYPE_Video, _videoCaptureFilter, IID_IAMStreamConfig, (void**) &config); } int resolutions, size; VIDEO_STREAM_CONFIG_CAPS caps; config->GetNumberOfCapabilities(&resolutions, &size); for (int i = 0; i < resolutions; i++) { AM_MEDIA_TYPE *mediaType; if (config->GetStreamCaps(i, &mediaType, reinterpret_cast<BYTE*>(&caps)) == S_OK ) { int maxWidth = caps.MaxOutputSize.cx; int maxHeigth = caps.MaxOutputSize.cy; if(maxWidth == width && maxHeigth == height) { VIDEOINFOHEADER *info = reinterpret_cast<VIDEOINFOHEADER*>(mediaType->pbFormat); info->bmiHeader.biWidth = maxWidth; info->bmiHeader.biHeight = maxHeigth; info->bmiHeader.biSizeImage = DIBSIZE(info->bmiHeader); config->SetFormat(mediaType); DeleteMediaType(mediaType); break; } DeleteMediaType(mediaType); } } } Other methods used to build the filter graph and create the COM objects: void Camera::CreateComObjects() { CoInitialize(NULL); CoCreateInstance(CLSID_CaptureGraphBuilder, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_ICaptureGraphBuilder2, (void **) &_captureGraphBuilder); CoCreateInstance(CLSID_FilterGraph, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IGraphBuilder, (void **) &_filterGraph); CoCreateInstance(CLSID_VideoCapture, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC, IID_IBaseFilter, (void**) &_videoCaptureFilter); CoCreateInstance(CLSID_IMGSinkFilter, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC, IID_IBaseFilter, (void**) &_imageSinkFilter); } void Camera::InitializeVideoFilter() { _videoCaptureFilter->QueryInterface(&_propertyBag); wchar_t deviceName[MAX_PATH] = L"\0"; GetDeviceName(deviceName); CComVariant comName = deviceName; CPropertyBag propertyBag; propertyBag.Write(L"VCapName", &comName); _propertyBag->Load(&propertyBag, NULL); _filterGraph->AddFilter(_videoCaptureFilter, L"Video Capture Filter Source"); } void Camera::InitializeStillImageFilter() { _filterGraph->AddFilter(_imageSinkFilter, L"Still image filter"); _captureGraphBuilder->RenderStream(&PIN_CATEGORY_STILL, &MEDIATYPE_Video, _videoCaptureFilter, NULL, _imageSinkFilter); } void Camera::GetDeviceName(WCHAR *deviceName) { HRESULT hr = S_OK; HANDLE handle = NULL; DEVMGR_DEVICE_INFORMATION di; GUID guidCamera = { 0xCB998A05, 0x122C, 0x4166, 0x84, 0x6A, 0x93, 0x3E, 0x4D, 0x7E, 0x3C, 0x86 }; di.dwSize = sizeof(di); handle = FindFirstDevice(DeviceSearchByGuid, &guidCamera, &di); StringCchCopy(deviceName, MAX_PATH, di.szLegacyName); } Full header file: #ifndef __CAMERA_H__ #define __CAMERA_H__ class Camera { public: void Init(); void DisplayVideoPreview(HWND windowHandle); void TakePicture(WCHAR *fileName); void SetVideoResolution(int width, int height); void SetPhotoResolution(int width, int height); private: CComPtr<ICaptureGraphBuilder2> _captureGraphBuilder; CComPtr<IGraphBuilder> _filterGraph; CComPtr<IBaseFilter> _videoCaptureFilter; CComPtr<IPersistPropertyBag> _propertyBag; CComPtr<IMediaControl> _mediaControl; CComPtr<IAMVideoControl> _videoControl; CComPtr<IBaseFilter> _imageSinkFilter; void GetDeviceName(WCHAR *deviceName); void InitializeVideoFilter(); void InitializeStillImageFilter(); void CreateComObjects(); void SetResolution(bool video, int width, int height); }; #endif

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• Can I spead out a long running stored proc accross multiple CPU's?

  - by Russ

  [Also on SuperUser - http://superuser.com/questions/116600/can-i-spead-out-a-long-running-stored-proc-accross-multiple-cpus] I have a stored procedure in SQL server the gets, and decrypts a block of data. ( Credit cards in this case. ) Most of the time, the performance is tolerable, but there are a couple customers where the process is painfully slow, taking literally 1 minute to complete. ( Well, 59377ms to return from SQL Server to be exact, but it can vary by a few hundred ms based on load ) When I watch the process, I see that SQL is only using a single proc to perform the whole process, and typically only proc 0. Is there a way I can change my stored proc so that SQL can multi-thread the process? Is it even feasible to cheat and to break the calls in half, ( top 50%, bottom 50% ), and spread the load, as a gross hack? ( just spit-balling here ) My stored proc: USE [Commerce] GO /****** Object: StoredProcedure [dbo].[GetAllCreditCardsByCustomerId] Script Date: 03/05/2010 11:50:14 ******/ SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetAllCreditCardsByCustomerId] @companyId UNIQUEIDENTIFIER, @DecryptionKey NVARCHAR (MAX) AS SET NoCount ON DECLARE @cardId uniqueidentifier DECLARE @tmpdecryptedCardData VarChar(MAX); DECLARE @decryptedCardData VarChar(MAX); DECLARE @tmpTable as Table ( CardId uniqueidentifier, DecryptedCard NVarChar(Max) ) DECLARE creditCards CURSOR FAST_FORWARD READ_ONLY FOR Select cardId from CreditCards where companyId = @companyId and Active=1 order by addedBy desc --2 OPEN creditCards --3 FETCH creditCards INTO @cardId -- prime the cursor WHILE @@Fetch_Status = 0 BEGIN --OPEN creditCards DECLARE creditCardData CURSOR FAST_FORWARD READ_ONLY FOR select convert(nvarchar(max), DecryptByCert(Cert_Id('Oh-Nay-Nay'), EncryptedCard, @DecryptionKey)) FROM CreditCardData where cardid = @cardId order by valueOrder OPEN creditCardData FETCH creditCardData INTO @tmpdecryptedCardData -- prime the cursor WHILE @@Fetch_Status = 0 BEGIN print 'CreditCardData' print @tmpdecryptedCardData set @decryptedCardData = ISNULL(@decryptedCardData, '') + @tmpdecryptedCardData print '@decryptedCardData' print @decryptedCardData; FETCH NEXT FROM creditCardData INTO @tmpdecryptedCardData -- fetch next END CLOSE creditCardData DEALLOCATE creditCardData insert into @tmpTable (CardId, DecryptedCard) values ( @cardId, @decryptedCardData ) set @decryptedCardData = '' FETCH NEXT FROM creditCards INTO @cardId -- fetch next END select CardId, DecryptedCard FROM @tmpTable CLOSE creditCards DEALLOCATE creditCards

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• Can I spread out a long running stored proc accross multiple CPU's?

  - by Russ

  [Also on SuperUser - http://superuser.com/questions/116600/can-i-spead-out-a-long-running-stored-proc-accross-multiple-cpus] I have a stored procedure in SQL server the gets, and decrypts a block of data. ( Credit cards in this case. ) Most of the time, the performance is tolerable, but there are a couple customers where the process is painfully slow, taking literally 1 minute to complete. ( Well, 59377ms to return from SQL Server to be exact, but it can vary by a few hundred ms based on load ) When I watch the process, I see that SQL is only using a single proc to perform the whole process, and typically only proc 0. Is there a way I can change my stored proc so that SQL can multi-thread the process? Is it even feasible to cheat and to break the calls in half, ( top 50%, bottom 50% ), and spread the load, as a gross hack? ( just spit-balling here ) My stored proc: USE [Commerce] GO /****** Object: StoredProcedure [dbo].[GetAllCreditCardsByCustomerId] Script Date: 03/05/2010 11:50:14 ******/ SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetAllCreditCardsByCustomerId] @companyId UNIQUEIDENTIFIER, @DecryptionKey NVARCHAR (MAX) AS SET NoCount ON DECLARE @cardId uniqueidentifier DECLARE @tmpdecryptedCardData VarChar(MAX); DECLARE @decryptedCardData VarChar(MAX); DECLARE @tmpTable as Table ( CardId uniqueidentifier, DecryptedCard NVarChar(Max) ) DECLARE creditCards CURSOR FAST_FORWARD READ_ONLY FOR Select cardId from CreditCards where companyId = @companyId and Active=1 order by addedBy desc --2 OPEN creditCards --3 FETCH creditCards INTO @cardId -- prime the cursor WHILE @@Fetch_Status = 0 BEGIN --OPEN creditCards DECLARE creditCardData CURSOR FAST_FORWARD READ_ONLY FOR select convert(nvarchar(max), DecryptByCert(Cert_Id('Oh-Nay-Nay'), EncryptedCard, @DecryptionKey)) FROM CreditCardData where cardid = @cardId order by valueOrder OPEN creditCardData FETCH creditCardData INTO @tmpdecryptedCardData -- prime the cursor WHILE @@Fetch_Status = 0 BEGIN print 'CreditCardData' print @tmpdecryptedCardData set @decryptedCardData = ISNULL(@decryptedCardData, '') + @tmpdecryptedCardData print '@decryptedCardData' print @decryptedCardData; FETCH NEXT FROM creditCardData INTO @tmpdecryptedCardData -- fetch next END CLOSE creditCardData DEALLOCATE creditCardData insert into @tmpTable (CardId, DecryptedCard) values ( @cardId, @decryptedCardData ) set @decryptedCardData = '' FETCH NEXT FROM creditCards INTO @cardId -- fetch next END select CardId, DecryptedCard FROM @tmpTable CLOSE creditCards DEALLOCATE creditCards

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• Can I spread out a long running stored proc accross multiple CPU's?

  - by Russ

  [Also on SuperUser - http://superuser.com/questions/116600/can-i-spead-out-a-long-running-stored-proc-accross-multiple-cpus] I have a stored procedure in SQL server the gets, and decrypts a block of data. ( Credit cards in this case. ) Most of the time, the performance is tolerable, but there are a couple customers where the process is painfully slow, taking literally 1 minute to complete. ( Well, 59377ms to return from SQL Server to be exact, but it can vary by a few hundred ms based on load ) When I watch the process, I see that SQL is only using a single proc to perform the whole process, and typically only proc 0. Is there a way I can change my stored proc so that SQL can multi-thread the process? Is it even feasible to cheat and to break the calls in half, ( top 50%, bottom 50% ), and spread the load, as a gross hack? ( just spit-balling here ) My stored proc: USE [Commerce] GO /****** Object: StoredProcedure [dbo].[GetAllCreditCardsByCustomerId] Script Date: 03/05/2010 11:50:14 ******/ SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetAllCreditCardsByCustomerId] @companyId UNIQUEIDENTIFIER, @DecryptionKey NVARCHAR (MAX) AS SET NoCount ON DECLARE @cardId uniqueidentifier DECLARE @tmpdecryptedCardData VarChar(MAX); DECLARE @decryptedCardData VarChar(MAX); DECLARE @tmpTable as Table ( CardId uniqueidentifier, DecryptedCard NVarChar(Max) ) DECLARE creditCards CURSOR FAST_FORWARD READ_ONLY FOR Select cardId from CreditCards where companyId = @companyId and Active=1 order by addedBy desc --2 OPEN creditCards --3 FETCH creditCards INTO @cardId -- prime the cursor WHILE @@Fetch_Status = 0 BEGIN --OPEN creditCards DECLARE creditCardData CURSOR FAST_FORWARD READ_ONLY FOR select convert(nvarchar(max), DecryptByCert(Cert_Id('Oh-Nay-Nay'), EncryptedCard, @DecryptionKey)) FROM CreditCardData where cardid = @cardId order by valueOrder OPEN creditCardData FETCH creditCardData INTO @tmpdecryptedCardData -- prime the cursor WHILE @@Fetch_Status = 0 BEGIN print 'CreditCardData' print @tmpdecryptedCardData set @decryptedCardData = ISNULL(@decryptedCardData, '') + @tmpdecryptedCardData print '@decryptedCardData' print @decryptedCardData; FETCH NEXT FROM creditCardData INTO @tmpdecryptedCardData -- fetch next END CLOSE creditCardData DEALLOCATE creditCardData insert into @tmpTable (CardId, DecryptedCard) values ( @cardId, @decryptedCardData ) set @decryptedCardData = '' FETCH NEXT FROM creditCards INTO @cardId -- fetch next END select CardId, DecryptedCard FROM @tmpTable CLOSE creditCards DEALLOCATE creditCards

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• SQL: Order randomly when inserting objects to a table

  - by Ekaterina

  I have an UDF that selects top 6 objects from a table (with a union - code below) and inserts it into another table. (btw SQL 2005) So I paste the UDF below and what the code does is: selects objects for a specific city and add a level to those (from table Europe) union that selection with a selection from the same table for objects that are from the same country and add a level to those From the union, selection is made to get top 6 objects, order by level, so the objects from the same city will be first, and if there aren't any available, then objects from the same country will be returned from the selection. And my problem is, that I want to make a random selection to get random objects from table Europe, but because I insert the result of my selection into a table, I can't use order by newid() or rand() function because they are time-dependent, so I get the following errors: Invalid use of side-effecting or time-dependent operator in 'newid' within a function. Invalid use of side-effecting or time-dependent operator in 'rand' within a function. UDF: ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[Objects] (@id uniqueidentifier) RETURNS @objects TABLE ( ObjectId uniqueidentifier NOT NULL, InternalId uniqueidentifier NOT NULL ) AS BEGIN declare @city varchar(50) declare @country int select @city = city, @country = country from Europe where internalId = @id insert @objects select @id, internalId from ( select distinct top 6 [level], internalId from ( select top 6 1 as [level], internalId from Europe N4 where N4.city = @city and N4.internalId != @id union select top 6 2 as [level], internalId from Europe N5 where N5.countryId = @country and N5.internalId != @id ) as selection_1 order by [level] ) as selection_2 return END If you have fresh ideas, please share them with me. (Just please, don't suggest to order by newid() or to add a column rand() with seed DateTime (by ms or sthg), because that won't work.)

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• table subtraction challenge

  - by Valentin

  I have a challenge that I haven’t overcome in the last two days using Stored Procedures and SQL 2008. I took several approaches but must fell short. One appraoch very interesting was using a table substraction. It’s really all about table subtraction. I was wondering if you could help me crack this one. Here is the challenge: Two tables 1Testdb y 2Testdb. My first step was to select ID relationships ([2Testdb].Acc_id) on table 2Testdb for one given individual ([2Testdb].Bus_id). Then query table 1Testdb for records not mathcing my original selection from 2Testdb. But other approaches are welcome. Data and Structures: USE [Challengedb] GO SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[1Testdb]( [Acc_id] [uniqueidentifier] NULL [Name] [Varchar(10)] NULL ) ON [PRIMARY] GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[2Testdb]( [Acc_id] [uniqueidentifier] NULL, [Bus_id] [uniqueidentifier] NULL ) ON [PRIMARY] GO Records on 1Testdb: 34455F60-9474-4521-804E-66DB39A579F3, John C23523F6-2309-4F58-BB3F-EF7486C7AF8B, Pete DC711615-3BE4-4B31-9EF2-B1314185CA62, Dave E3AAB073-2398-476D-828B-92829F686A4C, Adam Records on 2Testdb: (Relationship table, ex. Friend relationships) Record #1: DC711615-3BE4-4B31-9EF2-B1314185CA62, 34455F60-9474-4521-804E-66DB39A579F3 Record #2: E3AAB073-2398-476D-828B-92829F686A4C, 34455F60-9474-4521-804E-66DB39A579F3 Record # 3: DC711615-3BE4-4B31-9EF2-B1314185CA62, E3AAB073-2398-476D-828B-92829F686A4C Record # 4: E3AAB073-2398-476D-828B-92829F686A4C, DC711615-3BE4-4B31-9EF2-B1314185CA62 Challenge: Select from table 1Testdb only those records distinct that may not have a relationship with John [34455F60-9474-4521-804E-66DB39A579F3] on table 2Testdb. Expected result should be (Who does John doesn’t have relationship with?): C23523F6-2309-4F58-BB3F-EF7486C7AF8B, Pete Thank you, Valentin

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• Erroneous/Incorrect C2248 error using Visual Studio 2010

  - by Dylan Bourque

  I'm seeing what I believe to be an erroneous/incorrect compiler error using the Visual Studio 2010 compiler. I'm in the process of up-porting our codebase from Visual Studio 2005 and I ran across a construct that was building correctly before but now generates a C2248 compiler error. Obviously, the code snippet below has been generic-ized, but it is a compilable example of the scenario. The ObjectPtr<T> C++ template comes from our codebase and is the source of the error in question. What appears to be happening is that the compiler is generating a call to the copy constructor for ObjectPtr<T> when it shouldn't (see my comment block in the SomeContainer::Foo() method below). For this code construct, there is a public cast operator for SomeUsefulData * on ObjectPtr<SomeUsefulData> but it is not being chosen inside the true expression if the ?: operator. Instead, I get the two errors in the block quote below. Based on my knowledge of C++, this code should compile. Has anyone else seen this behavior? If not, can someone point me to a clarification of the compiler resolution rules that would explain why it's attempting to generate a copy of the object in this case? Thanks in advance, Dylan Bourque Visual Studio build output: c:\projects\objectptrtest\objectptrtest.cpp(177): error C2248: 'ObjectPtr::ObjectPtr' : cannot access private member declared in class 'ObjectPtr' with [ T=SomeUsefulData ] c:\projects\objectptrtest\objectptrtest.cpp(25) : see declaration of 'ObjectPtr::ObjectPtr' with [ T=SomeUsefulData ] c:\projects\objectptrtest\objectptrtest.cpp(177): error C2248: 'ObjectPtr::ObjectPtr' : cannot access private member declared in class 'ObjectPtr' with [ T=SomeUsefulData ] c:\projects\objectptrtest\objectptrtest.cpp(25) : see declaration of 'ObjectPtr::ObjectPtr' with [ T=SomeUsefulData ] Below is a minimal, compilable example of the scenario: #include <stdio.h> #include <tchar.h> template<class T> class ObjectPtr { public: ObjectPtr<T> (T* pObj = NULL, bool bShared = false) : m_pObject(pObj), m_bObjectShared(bShared) {} ~ObjectPtr<T> () { Detach(); } private: // private, unimplemented copy constructor and assignment operator // to guarantee that ObjectPtr<T> objects are not copied ObjectPtr<T> (const ObjectPtr<T>&); ObjectPtr<T>& operator = (const ObjectPtr<T>&); public: T * GetObject () { return m_pObject; } const T * GetObject () const { return m_pObject; } bool HasObject () const { return (GetObject()!=NULL); } bool IsObjectShared () const { return m_bObjectShared; } void ObjectShared (bool bShared) { m_bObjectShared = bShared; } bool IsNull () const { return !HasObject(); } void Attach (T* pObj, bool bShared = false) { Detach(); if (pObj != NULL) { m_pObject = pObj; m_bObjectShared = bShared; } } void Detach (T** ppObject = NULL) { if (ppObject != NULL) { *ppObject = m_pObject; m_pObject = NULL; m_bObjectShared = false; } else { if (HasObject()) { if (!IsObjectShared()) delete m_pObject; m_pObject = NULL; m_bObjectShared = false; } } } void Detach (bool bDeleteIfNotShared) { if (HasObject()) { if (bDeleteIfNotShared && !IsObjectShared()) delete m_pObject; m_pObject = NULL; m_bObjectShared = false; } } bool IsEqualTo (const T * pOther) const { return (GetObject() == pOther); } public: T * operator -> () { ASSERT(HasObject()); return m_pObject; } const T * operator -> () const { ASSERT(HasObject()); return m_pObject; } T & operator * () { ASSERT(HasObject()); return *m_pObject; } const T & operator * () const { ASSERT(HasObject()); return (const C &)(*m_pObject); } operator T * () { return m_pObject; } operator const T * () const { return m_pObject; } operator bool() const { return (m_pObject!=NULL); } ObjectPtr<T>& operator = (T * pObj) { Attach(pObj, false); return *this; } bool operator == (const T * pOther) const { return IsEqualTo(pOther); } bool operator == (T * pOther) const { return IsEqualTo(pOther); } bool operator != (const T * pOther) const { return !IsEqualTo(pOther); } bool operator != (T * pOther) const { return !IsEqualTo(pOther); } bool operator == (const ObjectPtr<T>& other) const { return IsEqualTo(other.GetObject()); } bool operator != (const ObjectPtr<T>& other) const { return !IsEqualTo(other.GetObject()); } bool operator == (int pv) const { return (pv==NULL)? IsNull() : (LPVOID(m_pObject)==LPVOID(pv)); } bool operator != (int pv) const { return !(*this == pv); } private: T * m_pObject; bool m_bObjectShared; }; // Some concrete type that holds useful data class SomeUsefulData { public: SomeUsefulData () {} ~SomeUsefulData () {} }; // Some concrete type that holds a heap-allocated instance of // SomeUsefulData class SomeContainer { public: SomeContainer (SomeUsefulData* pUsefulData) { m_pData = pUsefulData; } ~SomeContainer () { // nothing to do here } public: bool EvaluateSomeCondition () { // fake condition check to give us an expression // to use in ?: operator below return true; } SomeUsefulData* Foo () { // this usage of the ?: operator generates a C2248 // error b/c it's attempting to call the copy // constructor on ObjectPtr<T> return EvaluateSomeCondition() ? m_pData : NULL; /**********[ DISCUSSION ]********** The following equivalent constructs compile w/out error and behave correctly: (1) explicit cast to SomeUsefulData* as a comiler hint return EvaluateSomeCondition() ? (SomeUsefulData *)m_pData : NULL; (2) if/else instead of ?: if (EvaluateSomeCondition()) return m_pData; else return NULL; (3) skip the condition check and return m_pData as a SomeUsefulData* directly return m_pData; **********[ END DISCUSSION ]**********/ } private: ObjectPtr<SomeUsefulData> m_pData; }; int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { return 0; }

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• Service Discovery in WCF 4.0 &ndash; Part 1

  - by Shaun

  When designing a service oriented architecture (SOA) system, there will be a lot of services with many service contracts, endpoints and behaviors. Besides the client calling the service, in a large distributed system a service may invoke other services. In this case, one service might need to know the endpoints it invokes. This might not be a problem in a small system. But when you have more than 10 services this might be a problem. For example in my current product, there are around 10 services, such as the user authentication service, UI integration service, location service, license service, device monitor service, event monitor service, schedule job service, accounting service, player management service, etc..   Benefit of Discovery Service Since almost all my services need to invoke at least one other service. This would be a difficult task to make sure all services endpoints are configured correctly in every service. And furthermore, it would be a nightmare when a service changed its endpoint at runtime. Hence, we need a discovery service to remove the dependency (configuration dependency). A discovery service plays as a service dictionary which stores the relationship between the contracts and the endpoints for every service. By using the discovery service, when service X wants to invoke service Y, it just need to ask the discovery service where is service Y, then the discovery service will return all proper endpoints of service Y, then service X can use the endpoint to send the request to service Y. And when some services changed their endpoint address, all need to do is to update its records in the discovery service then all others will know its new endpoint. In WCF 4.0 Discovery it supports both managed proxy discovery mode and ad-hoc discovery mode. In ad-hoc mode there is no standalone discovery service. When a client wanted to invoke a service, it will broadcast an message (normally in UDP protocol) to the entire network with the service match criteria. All services which enabled the discovery behavior will receive this message and only those matched services will send their endpoint back to the client. The managed proxy discovery service works as I described above. In this post I will only cover the managed proxy mode, where there’s a discovery service. For more information about the ad-hoc mode please refer to the MSDN.   Service Announcement and Probe The main functionality of discovery service should be return the proper endpoint addresses back to the service who is looking for. In most cases the consume service (as a client) will send the contract which it wanted to request to the discovery service. And then the discovery service will find the endpoint and respond. Sometimes the contract and endpoint are not enough. It also contains versioning, extensions attributes. This post I will only cover the case includes contract and endpoint. When a client (or sometimes a service who need to invoke another service) need to connect to a target service, it will firstly request the discovery service through the “Probe” method with the criteria. Basically the criteria contains the contract type name of the target service. Then the discovery service will search its endpoint repository by the criteria. The repository might be a database, a distributed cache or a flat XML file. If it matches, the discovery service will grab the endpoint information (it’s called discovery endpoint metadata in WCF) and send back. And this is called “Probe”. Finally the client received the discovery endpoint metadata and will use the endpoint to connect to the target service. Besides the probe, discovery service should take the responsible to know there is a new service available when it goes online, as well as stopped when it goes offline. This feature is named “Announcement”. When a service started and stopped, it will announce to the discovery service. So the basic functionality of a discovery service should includes: 1, An endpoint which receive the service online message, and add the service endpoint information in the discovery repository. 2, An endpoint which receive the service offline message, and remove the service endpoint information from the discovery repository. 3, An endpoint which receive the client probe message, and return the matches service endpoints, and return the discovery endpoint metadata. WCF 4.0 discovery service just covers all these features in it's infrastructure classes.   Discovery Service in WCF 4.0 WCF 4.0 introduced a new assembly named System.ServiceModel.Discovery which has all necessary classes and interfaces to build a WS-Discovery compliant discovery service. It supports ad-hoc and managed proxy modes. For the case mentioned in this post, what we need to build is a standalone discovery service, which is the managed proxy discovery service mode. To build a managed discovery service in WCF 4.0 just create a new class inherits from the abstract class System.ServiceModel.Discovery.DiscoveryProxy. This class implemented and abstracted the procedures of service announcement and probe. And it exposes 8 abstract methods where we can implement our own endpoint register, unregister and find logic. These 8 methods are asynchronized, which means all invokes to the discovery service are asynchronously, for better service capability and performance. 1, OnBeginOnlineAnnouncement, OnEndOnlineAnnouncement: Invoked when a service sent the online announcement message. We need to add the endpoint information to the repository in this method. 2, OnBeginOfflineAnnouncement, OnEndOfflineAnnouncement: Invoked when a service sent the offline announcement message. We need to remove the endpoint information from the repository in this method. 3, OnBeginFind, OnEndFind: Invoked when a client sent the probe message that want to find the service endpoint information. We need to look for the proper endpoints by matching the client’s criteria through the repository in this method. 4, OnBeginResolve, OnEndResolve: Invoked then a client sent the resolve message. Different from the find method, when using resolve method the discovery service will return the exactly one service endpoint metadata to the client. In our example we will NOT implement this method.   Let’s create our own discovery service, inherit the base System.ServiceModel.Discovery.DiscoveryProxy. We also need to specify the service behavior in this class. Since the build-in discovery service host class only support the singleton mode, we must set its instance context mode to single. 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Linq; 4: using System.Text; 5: using System.ServiceModel.Discovery; 6: using System.ServiceModel; 7:  8: namespace Phare.Service 9: { 10: [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.Single, ConcurrencyMode = ConcurrencyMode.Multiple)] 11: public class ManagedProxyDiscoveryService : DiscoveryProxy 12: { 13: protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginFind(FindRequestContext findRequestContext, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 14: { 15: throw new NotImplementedException(); 16: } 17:  18: protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginOfflineAnnouncement(DiscoveryMessageSequence messageSequence, EndpointDiscoveryMetadata endpointDiscoveryMetadata, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 19: { 20: throw new NotImplementedException(); 21: } 22:  23: protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginOnlineAnnouncement(DiscoveryMessageSequence messageSequence, EndpointDiscoveryMetadata endpointDiscoveryMetadata, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 24: { 25: throw new NotImplementedException(); 26: } 27:  28: protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginResolve(ResolveCriteria resolveCriteria, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 29: { 30: throw new NotImplementedException(); 31: } 32:  33: protected override void OnEndFind(IAsyncResult result) 34: { 35: throw new NotImplementedException(); 36: } 37:  38: protected override void OnEndOfflineAnnouncement(IAsyncResult result) 39: { 40: throw new NotImplementedException(); 41: } 42:  43: protected override void OnEndOnlineAnnouncement(IAsyncResult result) 44: { 45: throw new NotImplementedException(); 46: } 47:  48: protected override EndpointDiscoveryMetadata OnEndResolve(IAsyncResult result) 49: { 50: throw new NotImplementedException(); 51: } 52: } 53: } Then let’s implement the online, offline and find methods one by one. WCF discovery service gives us full flexibility to implement the endpoint add, remove and find logic. For the demo purpose we will use an internal dictionary to store the services’ endpoint metadata. In the next post we will see how to serialize and store these information in database. Define a concurrent dictionary inside the service class since our it will be used in the multiple threads scenario. 1: [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.Single, ConcurrencyMode = ConcurrencyMode.Multiple)] 2: public class ManagedProxyDiscoveryService : DiscoveryProxy 3: { 4: private ConcurrentDictionary<EndpointAddress, EndpointDiscoveryMetadata> _services; 5:  6: public ManagedProxyDiscoveryService() 7: { 8: _services = new ConcurrentDictionary<EndpointAddress, EndpointDiscoveryMetadata>(); 9: } 10: } Then we can simply implement the logic of service online and offline. 1: protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginOnlineAnnouncement(DiscoveryMessageSequence messageSequence, EndpointDiscoveryMetadata endpointDiscoveryMetadata, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 2: { 3: _services.AddOrUpdate(endpointDiscoveryMetadata.Address, endpointDiscoveryMetadata, (key, value) => endpointDiscoveryMetadata); 4: return new OnOnlineAnnouncementAsyncResult(callback, state); 5: } 6:  7: protected override void OnEndOnlineAnnouncement(IAsyncResult result) 8: { 9: OnOnlineAnnouncementAsyncResult.End(result); 10: } 11:  12: protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginOfflineAnnouncement(DiscoveryMessageSequence messageSequence, EndpointDiscoveryMetadata endpointDiscoveryMetadata, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 13: { 14: EndpointDiscoveryMetadata endpoint = null; 15: _services.TryRemove(endpointDiscoveryMetadata.Address, out endpoint); 16: return new OnOfflineAnnouncementAsyncResult(callback, state); 17: } 18:  19: protected override void OnEndOfflineAnnouncement(IAsyncResult result) 20: { 21: OnOfflineAnnouncementAsyncResult.End(result); 22: } Regards the find method, the parameter FindRequestContext.Criteria has a method named IsMatch, which can be use for us to evaluate which service metadata is satisfied with the criteria. So the implementation of find method would be like this. 1: protected override IAsyncResult OnBeginFind(FindRequestContext findRequestContext, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 2: { 3: _services.Where(s => findRequestContext.Criteria.IsMatch(s.Value)) 4: .Select(s => s.Value) 5: .All(meta => 6: { 7: findRequestContext.AddMatchingEndpoint(meta); 8: return true; 9: }); 10: return new OnFindAsyncResult(callback, state); 11: } 12:  13: protected override void OnEndFind(IAsyncResult result) 14: { 15: OnFindAsyncResult.End(result); 16: } As you can see, we checked all endpoints metadata in repository by invoking the IsMatch method. Then add all proper endpoints metadata into the parameter. Finally since all these methods are asynchronized we need some AsyncResult classes as well. Below are the base class and the inherited classes used in previous methods. 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Linq; 4: using System.Text; 5: using System.Threading; 6:  7: namespace Phare.Service 8: { 9: abstract internal class AsyncResult : IAsyncResult 10: { 11: AsyncCallback callback; 12: bool completedSynchronously; 13: bool endCalled; 14: Exception exception; 15: bool isCompleted; 16: ManualResetEvent manualResetEvent; 17: object state; 18: object thisLock; 19:  20: protected AsyncResult(AsyncCallback callback, object state) 21: { 22: this.callback = callback; 23: this.state = state; 24: this.thisLock = new object(); 25: } 26:  27: public object AsyncState 28: { 29: get 30: { 31: return state; 32: } 33: } 34:  35: public WaitHandle AsyncWaitHandle 36: { 37: get 38: { 39: if (manualResetEvent != null) 40: { 41: return manualResetEvent; 42: } 43: lock (ThisLock) 44: { 45: if (manualResetEvent == null) 46: { 47: manualResetEvent = new ManualResetEvent(isCompleted); 48: } 49: } 50: return manualResetEvent; 51: } 52: } 53:  54: public bool CompletedSynchronously 55: { 56: get 57: { 58: return completedSynchronously; 59: } 60: } 61:  62: public bool IsCompleted 63: { 64: get 65: { 66: return isCompleted; 67: } 68: } 69:  70: object ThisLock 71: { 72: get 73: { 74: return this.thisLock; 75: } 76: } 77:  78: protected static TAsyncResult End<TAsyncResult>(IAsyncResult result) 79: where TAsyncResult : AsyncResult 80: { 81: if (result == null) 82: { 83: throw new ArgumentNullException("result"); 84: } 85:  86: TAsyncResult asyncResult = result as TAsyncResult; 87:  88: if (asyncResult == null) 89: { 90: throw new ArgumentException("Invalid async result.", "result"); 91: } 92:  93: if (asyncResult.endCalled) 94: { 95: throw new InvalidOperationException("Async object already ended."); 96: } 97:  98: asyncResult.endCalled = true; 99:  100: if (!asyncResult.isCompleted) 101: { 102: asyncResult.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(); 103: } 104:  105: if (asyncResult.manualResetEvent != null) 106: { 107: asyncResult.manualResetEvent.Close(); 108: } 109:  110: if (asyncResult.exception != null) 111: { 112: throw asyncResult.exception; 113: } 114:  115: return asyncResult; 116: } 117:  118: protected void Complete(bool completedSynchronously) 119: { 120: if (isCompleted) 121: { 122: throw new InvalidOperationException("This async result is already completed."); 123: } 124:  125: this.completedSynchronously = completedSynchronously; 126:  127: if (completedSynchronously) 128: { 129: this.isCompleted = true; 130: } 131: else 132: { 133: lock (ThisLock) 134: { 135: this.isCompleted = true; 136: if (this.manualResetEvent != null) 137: { 138: this.manualResetEvent.Set(); 139: } 140: } 141: } 142:  143: if (callback != null) 144: { 145: callback(this); 146: } 147: } 148:  149: protected void Complete(bool completedSynchronously, Exception exception) 150: { 151: this.exception = exception; 152: Complete(completedSynchronously); 153: } 154: } 155: } 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Linq; 4: using System.Text; 5: using System.ServiceModel.Discovery; 6: using Phare.Service; 7:  8: namespace Phare.Service 9: { 10: internal sealed class OnOnlineAnnouncementAsyncResult : AsyncResult 11: { 12: public OnOnlineAnnouncementAsyncResult(AsyncCallback callback, object state) 13: : base(callback, state) 14: { 15: this.Complete(true); 16: } 17:  18: public static void End(IAsyncResult result) 19: { 20: AsyncResult.End<OnOnlineAnnouncementAsyncResult>(result); 21: } 22:  23: } 24:  25: sealed class OnOfflineAnnouncementAsyncResult : AsyncResult 26: { 27: public OnOfflineAnnouncementAsyncResult(AsyncCallback callback, object state) 28: : base(callback, state) 29: { 30: this.Complete(true); 31: } 32:  33: public static void End(IAsyncResult result) 34: { 35: AsyncResult.End<OnOfflineAnnouncementAsyncResult>(result); 36: } 37: } 38:  39: sealed class OnFindAsyncResult : AsyncResult 40: { 41: public OnFindAsyncResult(AsyncCallback callback, object state) 42: : base(callback, state) 43: { 44: this.Complete(true); 45: } 46:  47: public static void End(IAsyncResult result) 48: { 49: AsyncResult.End<OnFindAsyncResult>(result); 50: } 51: } 52:  53: sealed class OnResolveAsyncResult : AsyncResult 54: { 55: EndpointDiscoveryMetadata matchingEndpoint; 56:  57: public OnResolveAsyncResult(EndpointDiscoveryMetadata matchingEndpoint, AsyncCallback callback, object state) 58: : base(callback, state) 59: { 60: this.matchingEndpoint = matchingEndpoint; 61: this.Complete(true); 62: } 63:  64: public static EndpointDiscoveryMetadata End(IAsyncResult result) 65: { 66: OnResolveAsyncResult thisPtr = AsyncResult.End<OnResolveAsyncResult>(result); 67: return thisPtr.matchingEndpoint; 68: } 69: } 70: } Now we have finished the discovery service. The next step is to host it. The discovery service is a standard WCF service. So we can use ServiceHost on a console application, windows service, or in IIS as usual. The following code is how to host the discovery service we had just created in a console application. 1: static void Main(string[] args) 2: { 3: using (var host = new ServiceHost(new ManagedProxyDiscoveryService())) 4: { 5: host.Opened += (sender, e) => 6: { 7: host.Description.Endpoints.All((ep) => 8: { 9: Console.WriteLine(ep.ListenUri); 10: return true; 11: }); 12: }; 13:  14: try 15: { 16: // retrieve the announcement, probe endpoint and binding from configuration 17: var announcementEndpointAddress = new EndpointAddress(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["announcementEndpointAddress"]); 18: var probeEndpointAddress = new EndpointAddress(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["probeEndpointAddress"]); 19: var binding = Activator.CreateInstance(Type.GetType(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["bindingType"], true, true)) as Binding; 20: var announcementEndpoint = new AnnouncementEndpoint(binding, announcementEndpointAddress); 21: var probeEndpoint = new DiscoveryEndpoint(binding, probeEndpointAddress); 22: probeEndpoint.IsSystemEndpoint = false; 23: // append the service endpoint for announcement and probe 24: host.AddServiceEndpoint(announcementEndpoint); 25: host.AddServiceEndpoint(probeEndpoint); 26:  27: host.Open(); 28:  29: Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit."); 30: Console.ReadKey(); 31: } 32: catch (Exception ex) 33: { 34: Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString()); 35: } 36: } 37:  38: Console.WriteLine("Done."); 39: Console.ReadKey(); 40: } What we need to notice is that, the discovery service needs two endpoints for announcement and probe. In this example I just retrieve them from the configuration file. I also specified the binding of these two endpoints in configuration file as well. 1: <?xml version="1.0"?> 2: <configuration> 3: <startup> 4: <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.0"/> 5: </startup> 6: <appSettings> 7: <add key="announcementEndpointAddress" value="net.tcp://localhost:10010/announcement"/> 8: <add key="probeEndpointAddress" value="net.tcp://localhost:10011/probe"/> 9: <add key="bindingType" value="System.ServiceModel.NetTcpBinding, System.ServiceModel, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/> 10: </appSettings> 11: </configuration> And this is the console screen when I ran my discovery service. As you can see there are two endpoints listening for announcement message and probe message.   Discoverable Service and Client Next, let’s create a WCF service that is discoverable, which means it can be found by the discovery service. To do so, we need to let the service send the online announcement message to the discovery service, as well as offline message before it shutdown. Just create a simple service which can make the incoming string to upper. The service contract and implementation would be like this. 1: [ServiceContract] 2: public interface IStringService 3: { 4: [OperationContract] 5: string ToUpper(string content); 6: } 1: public class StringService : IStringService 2: { 3: public string ToUpper(string content) 4: { 5: return content.ToUpper(); 6: } 7: } Then host this service in the console application. In order to make the discovery service easy to be tested the service address will be changed each time it’s started. 1: static void Main(string[] args) 2: { 3: var baseAddress = new Uri(string.Format("net.tcp://localhost:11001/stringservice/{0}/", Guid.NewGuid().ToString())); 4:  5: using (var host = new ServiceHost(typeof(StringService), baseAddress)) 6: { 7: host.Opened += (sender, e) => 8: { 9: Console.WriteLine("Service opened at {0}", host.Description.Endpoints.First().ListenUri); 10: }; 11:  12: host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(IStringService), new NetTcpBinding(), string.Empty); 13:  14: host.Open(); 15:  16: Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit."); 17: Console.ReadKey(); 18: } 19: } Currently this service is NOT discoverable. We need to add a special service behavior so that it could send the online and offline message to the discovery service announcement endpoint when the host is opened and closed. WCF 4.0 introduced a service behavior named ServiceDiscoveryBehavior. When we specified the announcement endpoint address and appended it to the service behaviors this service will be discoverable. 1: var announcementAddress = new EndpointAddress(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["announcementEndpointAddress"]); 2: var announcementBinding = Activator.CreateInstance(Type.GetType(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["bindingType"], true, true)) as Binding; 3: var announcementEndpoint = new AnnouncementEndpoint(announcementBinding, announcementAddress); 4: var discoveryBehavior = new ServiceDiscoveryBehavior(); 5: discoveryBehavior.AnnouncementEndpoints.Add(announcementEndpoint); 6: host.Description.Behaviors.Add(discoveryBehavior); The ServiceDiscoveryBehavior utilizes the service extension and channel dispatcher to implement the online and offline announcement logic. In short, it injected the channel open and close procedure and send the online and offline message to the announcement endpoint.   On client side, when we have the discovery service, a client can invoke a service without knowing its endpoint. WCF discovery assembly provides a class named DiscoveryClient, which can be used to find the proper service endpoint by passing the criteria. In the code below I initialized the DiscoveryClient, specified the discovery service probe endpoint address. Then I created the find criteria by specifying the service contract I wanted to use and invoke the Find method. This will send the probe message to the discovery service and it will find the endpoints back to me. The discovery service will return all endpoints that matches the find criteria, which means in the result of the find method there might be more than one endpoints. In this example I just returned the first matched one back. In the next post I will show how to extend our discovery service to make it work like a service load balancer. 1: static EndpointAddress FindServiceEndpoint() 2: { 3: var probeEndpointAddress = new EndpointAddress(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["probeEndpointAddress"]); 4: var probeBinding = Activator.CreateInstance(Type.GetType(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["bindingType"], true, true)) as Binding; 5: var discoveryEndpoint = new DiscoveryEndpoint(probeBinding, probeEndpointAddress); 6:  7: EndpointAddress address = null; 8: FindResponse result = null; 9: using (var discoveryClient = new DiscoveryClient(discoveryEndpoint)) 10: { 11: result = discoveryClient.Find(new FindCriteria(typeof(IStringService))); 12: } 13:  14: if (result != null && result.Endpoints.Any()) 15: { 16: var endpointMetadata = result.Endpoints.First(); 17: address = endpointMetadata.Address; 18: } 19: return address; 20: } Once we probed the discovery service we will receive the endpoint. So in the client code we can created the channel factory from the endpoint and binding, and invoke to the service. When creating the client side channel factory we need to make sure that the client side binding should be the same as the service side. WCF discovery service can be used to find the endpoint for a service contract, but the binding is NOT included. This is because the binding was not in the WS-Discovery specification. In the next post I will demonstrate how to add the binding information into the discovery service. At that moment the client don’t need to create the binding by itself. Instead it will use the binding received from the discovery service. 1: static void Main(string[] args) 2: { 3: Console.WriteLine("Say something..."); 4: var content = Console.ReadLine(); 5: while (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(content)) 6: { 7: Console.WriteLine("Finding the service endpoint..."); 8: var address = FindServiceEndpoint(); 9: if (address == null) 10: { 11: Console.WriteLine("There is no endpoint matches the criteria."); 12: } 13: else 14: { 15: Console.WriteLine("Found the endpoint {0}", address.Uri); 16:  17: var factory = new ChannelFactory<IStringService>(new NetTcpBinding(), address); 18: factory.Opened += (sender, e) => 19: { 20: Console.WriteLine("Connecting to {0}.", factory.Endpoint.ListenUri); 21: }; 22: var proxy = factory.CreateChannel(); 23: using (proxy as IDisposable) 24: { 25: Console.WriteLine("ToUpper: {0} => {1}", content, proxy.ToUpper(content)); 26: } 27: } 28:  29: Console.WriteLine("Say something..."); 30: content = Console.ReadLine(); 31: } 32: } Similarly, the discovery service probe endpoint and binding were defined in the configuration file. 1: <?xml version="1.0"?> 2: <configuration> 3: <startup> 4: <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.0"/> 5: </startup> 6: <appSettings> 7: <add key="announcementEndpointAddress" value="net.tcp://localhost:10010/announcement"/> 8: <add key="probeEndpointAddress" value="net.tcp://localhost:10011/probe"/> 9: <add key="bindingType" value="System.ServiceModel.NetTcpBinding, System.ServiceModel, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/> 10: </appSettings> 11: </configuration> OK, now let’s have a test. Firstly start the discovery service, and then start our discoverable service. When it started it will announced to the discovery service and registered its endpoint into the repository, which is the local dictionary. And then start the client and type something. As you can see the client asked the discovery service for the endpoint and then establish the connection to the discoverable service. And more interesting, do NOT close the client console but terminate the discoverable service but press the enter key. This will make the service send the offline message to the discovery service. Then start the discoverable service again. Since we made it use a different address each time it started, currently it should be hosted on another address. If we enter something in the client we could see that it asked the discovery service and retrieve the new endpoint, and connect the the service.   Summary In this post I discussed the benefit of using the discovery service and the procedures of service announcement and probe. I also demonstrated how to leverage the WCF Discovery feature in WCF 4.0 to build a simple managed discovery service. For test purpose, in this example I used the in memory dictionary as the discovery endpoint metadata repository. And when finding I also just return the first matched endpoint back. I also hard coded the bindings between the discoverable service and the client. In next post I will show you how to solve the problem mentioned above, as well as some additional feature for production usage. You can download the code here.   Hope this helps, Shaun All documents and related graphics, codes are provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind. Copyright © Shaun Ziyan Xu. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

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• Setting up and using Bing Translate API Service for Machine Translation

  - by Rick Strahl

  Last week I spent quite a bit of time trying to set up the Bing Translate API service. I can honestly say this was one of the most screwed up developer experiences I've had in a long while - specifically related to the byzantine sign up process that Microsoft has in place. Not only is it nearly impossible to find decent documentation on the required signup process, some of the links in the docs are just plain wrong, and some of the account pages you need to access the actual account information once signed up are not linked anywhere from the administration UI. To make things even harder is the fact that the APIs changed a while back, with a completely new authentication scheme that's described and not directly linked documentation topic also made for a very frustrating search experience. It's a bummer that this is the case too, because the actual API itself is easy to use and works very well - fast and reasonably accurate (as accurate as you can expect machine translation to be). But the sign up process is a pain in the ass doubtlessly leaving many people giving up in frustration. In this post I'll try to hit all the points needed to set up to use the Bing Translate API in one place since such a document seems to be missing from Microsoft. Hopefully the API folks at Microsoft will get their shit together and actually provide this sort of info on their site… Signing Up The first step required is to create a Windows Azure MarketPlace account. Go to: https://datamarket.azure.com/ Sign in with your Windows Live Id If you don't have an account you will be taken to a registration page which you have to fill out. Follow the links and complete the registration. Once you're signed in you can start adding services. Click on the Data Link on the main page Select Microsoft Translator from the list This adds the Microsoft Bing Translator to your services. Pricing The page shows the pricing matrix and the free service which provides 2 megabytes for translations a month for free. Prices go up steeply from there. Pricing is determined by actual bytes of the result translations used. Max translations are 1000 characters so at minimum this means you get around 2000 translations a month for free. However most translations are probable much less so you can expect larger number of translations to go through. For testing or low volume translations this should be just fine. Once signed up there are no further instructions and you're left in limbo on the MS site. Register your Application Once you've created the Data association with Translator the next step is registering your application. To do this you need to access your developer account. Go to https://datamarket.azure.com/developer/applications/register Provide a ClientId, which is effectively the unique string identifier for your application (not your customer id!) Provide your name The client secret was auto-created and this becomes your 'password' For the redirect url provide any https url: https://microsoft.com works Give this application a description of your choice so you can identify it in the list of apps Now, once you've registered your application, keep track of the ClientId and ClientSecret - those are the two keys you need to authenticate before you can call the Translate API. Oddly the applications page is hidden from the Azure Portal UI. I couldn't find a direct link from anywhere on the site back to this page where I can examine my developer application keys. To find them you can go to: https://datamarket.azure.com/developer/applications You can come back here to look at your registered applications and pick up the ClientID and ClientSecret. Fun eh? But we're now ready to actually call the API and do some translating. Using the Bing Translate API The good news is that after this signup hell, using the API is pretty straightforward. To use the translation API you'll need to actually use two services: You need to call an authentication API service first, before you can call the actual translator API. These two APIs live on different domains, and the authentication API returns JSON data while the translator service returns XML. So much for consistency. Authentication The first step is authentication. The service uses oAuth authentication with a  bearer token that has to be passed to the translator API. The authentication call retrieves the oAuth token that you can then use with the translate API call. The bearer token has a short 10 minute life time, so while you can cache it for successive calls, the token can't be cached for long periods. This means for Web backend requests you typically will have to authenticate each time unless you build a more elaborate caching scheme that takes the timeout into account (perhaps using the ASP.NET Cache object). For low volume operations you can probably get away with simply calling the auth API for every translation you do. To call the Authentication API use code like this:/// /// Retrieves an oAuth authentication token to be used on the translate /// API request. The result string needs to be passed as a bearer token /// to the translate API. /// /// You can find client ID and Secret (or register a new one) at: /// https://datamarket.azure.com/developer/applications/ /// /// The client ID of your application /// The client secret or password /// public string GetBingAuthToken(string clientId = null, string clientSecret = null) { string authBaseUrl = https://datamarket.accesscontrol.windows.net/v2/OAuth2-13; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(clientId) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(clientSecret)) { ErrorMessage = Resources.Resources.Client_Id_and_Client_Secret_must_be_provided; return null; } var postData = string.Format("grant_type=client_credentials&client_id={0}" + "&client_secret={1}" + "&scope=http://api.microsofttranslator.com", HttpUtility.UrlEncode(clientId), HttpUtility.UrlEncode(clientSecret)); // POST Auth data to the oauth API string res, token; try { var web = new WebClient(); web.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8; res = web.UploadString(authBaseUrl, postData); } catch (Exception ex) { ErrorMessage = ex.GetBaseException().Message; return null; } var ser = new JavaScriptSerializer(); var auth = ser.Deserialize<BingAuth>(res); if (auth == null) return null; token = auth.access_token; return token; } private class BingAuth { public string token_type { get; set; } public string access_token { get; set; } } This code basically takes the client id and secret and posts it at the oAuth endpoint which returns a JSON string. Here I use the JavaScript serializer to deserialize the JSON into a custom object I created just for deserialization. You can also use JSON.NET and dynamic deserialization if you are already using JSON.NET in your app in which case you don't need the extra type. In my library that houses this component I don't, so I just rely on the built in serializer. The auth method returns a long base64 encoded string which can be used as a bearer token in the translate API call. Translation Once you have the authentication token you can use it to pass to the translate API. The auth token is passed as an Authorization header and the value is prefixed with a 'Bearer ' prefix for the string. Here's what the simple Translate API call looks like:/// /// Uses the Bing API service to perform translation /// Bing can translate up to 1000 characters. /// /// Requires that you provide a CLientId and ClientSecret /// or set the configuration values for these two. /// /// More info on setup: /// http://www.west-wind.com/weblog/ /// /// Text to translate /// Two letter culture name /// Two letter culture name /// Pass an access token retrieved with GetBingAuthToken. /// If not passed the default keys from .config file are used if any /// public string TranslateBing(string text, string fromCulture, string toCulture, string accessToken = null) { string serviceUrl = "http://api.microsofttranslator.com/V2/Http.svc/Translate"; if (accessToken == null) { accessToken = GetBingAuthToken(); if (accessToken == null) return null; } string res; try { var web = new WebClient(); web.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Bearer " + accessToken); string ct = "text/plain"; string postData = string.Format("?text={0}&from={1}&to={2}&contentType={3}", HttpUtility.UrlEncode(text), fromCulture, toCulture, HttpUtility.UrlEncode(ct)); web.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8; res = web.DownloadString(serviceUrl + postData); } catch (Exception e) { ErrorMessage = e.GetBaseException().Message; return null; } // result is a single XML Element fragment var doc = new XmlDocument(); doc.LoadXml(res); return doc.DocumentElement.InnerText; } The first of this code deals with ensuring the auth token exists. You can either pass the token into the method manually or let the method automatically retrieve the auth code on its own. In my case I'm using this inside of a Web application and in that situation I simply need to re-authenticate every time as there's no convenient way to manage the lifetime of the auth cookie. The auth token is added as an Authorization HTTP header prefixed with 'Bearer ' and attached to the request. The text to translate, the from and to language codes and a result format are passed on the query string of this HTTP GET request against the Translate API. The translate API returns an XML string which contains a single element with the translated string. Using the Wrapper Methods It should be pretty obvious how to use these two methods but here are a couple of test methods that demonstrate the two usage scenarios:[TestMethod] public void TranslateBingWithAuthTest() { var translate = new TranslationServices(); string clientId = DbResourceConfiguration.Current.BingClientId; string clientSecret = DbResourceConfiguration.Current.BingClientSecret; string auth = translate.GetBingAuthToken(clientId, clientSecret); Assert.IsNotNull(auth); string text = translate.TranslateBing("Hello World we're back home!", "en", "de",auth); Assert.IsNotNull(text, translate.ErrorMessage); Console.WriteLine(text); } [TestMethod] public void TranslateBingIntegratedTest() { var translate = new TranslationServices(); string text = translate.TranslateBing("Hello World we're back home!","en","de"); Assert.IsNotNull(text, translate.ErrorMessage); Console.WriteLine(text); } Other API Methods The Translate API has a number of methods available and this one is the simplest one but probably also the most common one that translates a single string. You can find additional methods for this API here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff512419.aspx Soap and AJAX APIs are also available and documented on MSDN: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd576287.aspx These links will be your starting points for calling other methods in this API. Dual Interface I've talked about my database driven localization provider here in the past, and it's for this tool that I added the Bing localization support. Basically I have a localization administration form that allows me to translate individual strings right out of the UI, using both Google and Bing APIs: As you can see in this example, the results from Google and Bing can vary quite a bit - in this case Google is stumped while Bing actually generated a valid translation. At other times it's the other way around - it's pretty useful to see multiple translations at the same time. Here I can choose from one of the values and driectly embed them into the translated text field. Lost in Translation There you have it. As I mentioned using the API once you have all the bureaucratic crap out of the way calling the APIs is fairly straight forward and reasonably fast, even if you have to call the Auth API for every call. Hopefully this post will help out a few of you trying to navigate the Microsoft bureaucracy, at least until next time Microsoft upends everything and introduces new ways to sign up again. Until then - happy translating… Related Posts Translation method Source on Github Translating with Google Translate without Google API Keys Creating a data-driven ASP.NET Resource Provider© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2013Posted in Localization  ASP.NET  .NET   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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• C#/.NET Little Wonders: The Joy of Anonymous Types

  - by James Michael Hare

  Once again, in this series of posts I look at the parts of the .NET Framework that may seem trivial, but can help improve your code by making it easier to write and maintain. The index of all my past little wonders posts can be found here. In the .NET 3 Framework, Microsoft introduced the concept of anonymous types, which provide a way to create a quick, compiler-generated types at the point of instantiation.  These may seem trivial, but are very handy for concisely creating lightweight, strongly-typed objects containing only read-only properties that can be used within a given scope. Creating an Anonymous Type In short, an anonymous type is a reference type that derives directly from object and is defined by its set of properties base on their names, number, types, and order given at initialization.  In addition to just holding these properties, it is also given appropriate overridden implementations for Equals() and GetHashCode() that take into account all of the properties to correctly perform property comparisons and hashing.  Also overridden is an implementation of ToString() which makes it easy to display the contents of an anonymous type instance in a fairly concise manner. To construct an anonymous type instance, you use basically the same initialization syntax as with a regular type.  So, for example, if we wanted to create an anonymous type to represent a particular point, we could do this: 1: var point = new { X = 13, Y = 7 }; Note the similarity between anonymous type initialization and regular initialization.  The main difference is that the compiler generates the type name and the properties (as readonly) based on the names and order provided, and inferring their types from the expressions they are assigned to. It is key to remember that all of those factors (number, names, types, order of properties) determine the anonymous type.  This is important, because while these two instances share the same anonymous type: 1: // same names, types, and order 2: var point1 = new { X = 13, Y = 7 }; 3: var point2 = new { X = 5, Y = 0 }; These similar ones do not: 1: var point3 = new { Y = 3, X = 5 }; // different order 2: var point4 = new { X = 3, Y = 5.0 }; // different type for Y 3: var point5 = new {MyX = 3, MyY = 5 }; // different names 4: var point6 = new { X = 1, Y = 2, Z = 3 }; // different count Limitations on Property Initialization Expressions The expression for a property in an anonymous type initialization cannot be null (though it can evaluate to null) or an anonymous function.  For example, the following are illegal: 1: // Null can't be used directly. Null reference of what type? 2: var cantUseNull = new { Value = null }; 3:  4: // Anonymous methods cannot be used. 5: var cantUseAnonymousFxn = new { Value = () => Console.WriteLine(“Can’t.”) }; Note that the restriction on null is just that you can’t use it directly as the expression, because otherwise how would it be able to determine the type?  You can, however, use it indirectly assigning a null expression such as a typed variable with the value null, or by casting null to a specific type: 1: string str = null; 2: var fineIndirectly = new { Value = str }; 3: var fineCast = new { Value = (string)null }; All of the examples above name the properties explicitly, but you can also implicitly name properties if they are being set from a property, field, or variable.  In these cases, when a field, property, or variable is used alone, and you don’t specify a property name assigned to it, the new property will have the same name.  For example: 1: int variable = 42; 2:  3: // creates two properties named varriable and Now 4: var implicitProperties = new { variable, DateTime.Now }; Is the same type as: 1: var explicitProperties = new { variable = variable, Now = DateTime.Now }; But this only works if you are using an existing field, variable, or property directly as the expression.  If you use a more complex expression then the name cannot be inferred: 1: // can't infer the name variable from variable * 2, must name explicitly 2: var wontWork = new { variable * 2, DateTime.Now }; In the example above, since we typed variable * 2, it is no longer just a variable and thus we would have to assign the property a name explicitly. ToString() on Anonymous Types One of the more trivial overrides that an anonymous type provides you is a ToString() method that prints the value of the anonymous type instance in much the same format as it was initialized (except actual values instead of expressions as appropriate of course). For example, if you had: 1: var point = new { X = 13, Y = 42 }; And then print it out: 1: Console.WriteLine(point.ToString()); You will get: 1: { X = 13, Y = 42 } While this isn’t necessarily the most stunning feature of anonymous types, it can be handy for debugging or logging values in a fairly easy to read format. Comparing Anonymous Type Instances Because anonymous types automatically create appropriate overrides of Equals() and GetHashCode() based on the underlying properties, we can reliably compare two instances or get hash codes.  For example, if we had the following 3 points: 1: var point1 = new { X = 1, Y = 2 }; 2: var point2 = new { X = 1, Y = 2 }; 3: var point3 = new { Y = 2, X = 1 }; If we compare point1 and point2 we’ll see that Equals() returns true because they overridden version of Equals() sees that the types are the same (same number, names, types, and order of properties) and that the values are the same.   In addition, because all equal objects should have the same hash code, we’ll see that the hash codes evaluate to the same as well: 1: // true, same type, same values 2: Console.WriteLine(point1.Equals(point2)); 3:  4: // true, equal anonymous type instances always have same hash code 5: Console.WriteLine(point1.GetHashCode() == point2.GetHashCode()); However, if we compare point2 and point3 we get false.  Even though the names, types, and values of the properties are the same, the order is not, thus they are two different types and cannot be compared (and thus return false).  And, since they are not equal objects (even though they have the same value) there is a good chance their hash codes are different as well (though not guaranteed): 1: // false, different types 2: Console.WriteLine(point2.Equals(point3)); 3:  4: // quite possibly false (was false on my machine) 5: Console.WriteLine(point2.GetHashCode() == point3.GetHashCode()); Using Anonymous Types Now that we’ve created instances of anonymous types, let’s actually use them.  The property names (whether implicit or explicit) are used to access the individual properties of the anonymous type.  The main thing, once again, to keep in mind is that the properties are readonly, so you cannot assign the properties a new value (note: this does not mean that instances referred to by a property are immutable – for more information check out C#/.NET Fundamentals: Returning Data Immutably in a Mutable World). Thus, if we have the following anonymous type instance: 1: var point = new { X = 13, Y = 42 }; We can get the properties as you’d expect: 1: Console.WriteLine(“The point is: ({0},{1})”, point.X, point.Y); But we cannot alter the property values: 1: // compiler error, properties are readonly 2: point.X = 99; Further, since the anonymous type name is only known by the compiler, there is no easy way to pass anonymous type instances outside of a given scope.  The only real choices are to pass them as object or dynamic.  But really that is not the intention of using anonymous types.  If you find yourself needing to pass an anonymous type outside of a given scope, you should really consider making a POCO (Plain Old CLR Type – i.e. a class that contains just properties to hold data with little/no business logic) instead. Given that, why use them at all?  Couldn’t you always just create a POCO to represent every anonymous type you needed?  Sure you could, but then you might litter your solution with many small POCO classes that have very localized uses. It turns out this is the key to when to use anonymous types to your advantage: when you just need a lightweight type in a local context to store intermediate results, consider an anonymous type – but when that result is more long-lived and used outside of the current scope, consider a POCO instead. So what do we mean by intermediate results in a local context?  Well, a classic example would be filtering down results from a LINQ expression.  For example, let’s say we had a List<Transaction>, where Transaction is defined something like: 1: public class Transaction 2: { 3: public string UserId { get; set; } 4: public DateTime At { get; set; } 5: public decimal Amount { get; set; } 6: // … 7: } And let’s say we had this data in our List<Transaction>: 1: var transactions = new List<Transaction> 2: { 3: new Transaction { UserId = "Jim", At = DateTime.Now, Amount = 2200.00m }, 4: new Transaction { UserId = "Jim", At = DateTime.Now, Amount = -1100.00m }, 5: new Transaction { UserId = "Jim", At = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-1), Amount = 900.00m }, 6: new Transaction { UserId = "John", At = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-2), Amount = 300.00m }, 7: new Transaction { UserId = "John", At = DateTime.Now, Amount = -10.00m }, 8: new Transaction { UserId = "Jane", At = DateTime.Now, Amount = 200.00m }, 9: new Transaction { UserId = "Jane", At = DateTime.Now, Amount = -50.00m }, 10: new Transaction { UserId = "Jaime", At = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-3), Amount = -100.00m }, 11: new Transaction { UserId = "Jaime", At = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-3), Amount = 300.00m }, 12: }; So let’s say we wanted to get the transactions for each day for each user.  That is, for each day we’d want to see the transactions each user performed.  We could do this very simply with a nice LINQ expression, without the need of creating any POCOs: 1: // group the transactions based on an anonymous type with properties UserId and Date: 2: byUserAndDay = transactions 3: .GroupBy(tx => new { tx.UserId, tx.At.Date }) 4: .OrderBy(grp => grp.Key.Date) 5: .ThenBy(grp => grp.Key.UserId); Now, those of you who have attempted to use custom classes as a grouping type before (such as GroupBy(), Distinct(), etc.) may have discovered the hard way that LINQ gets a lot of its speed by utilizing not on Equals(), but also GetHashCode() on the type you are grouping by.  Thus, when you use custom types for these purposes, you generally end up having to write custom Equals() and GetHashCode() implementations or you won’t get the results you were expecting (the default implementations of Equals() and GetHashCode() are reference equality and reference identity based respectively). As we said before, it turns out that anonymous types already do these critical overrides for you.  This makes them even more convenient to use!  Instead of creating a small POCO to handle this grouping, and then having to implement a custom Equals() and GetHashCode() every time, we can just take advantage of the fact that anonymous types automatically override these methods with appropriate implementations that take into account the values of all of the properties. Now, we can look at our results: 1: foreach (var group in byUserAndDay) 2: { 3: // the group’s Key is an instance of our anonymous type 4: Console.WriteLine("{0} on {1:MM/dd/yyyy} did:", group.Key.UserId, group.Key.Date); 5:  6: // each grouping contains a sequence of the items. 7: foreach (var tx in group) 8: { 9: Console.WriteLine("\t{0}", tx.Amount); 10: } 11: } And see: 1: Jaime on 06/18/2012 did: 2: -100.00 3: 300.00 4:  5: John on 06/19/2012 did: 6: 300.00 7:  8: Jim on 06/20/2012 did: 9: 900.00 10:  11: Jane on 06/21/2012 did: 12: 200.00 13: -50.00 14:  15: Jim on 06/21/2012 did: 16: 2200.00 17: -1100.00 18:  19: John on 06/21/2012 did: 20: -10.00 Again, sure we could have just built a POCO to do this, given it an appropriate Equals() and GetHashCode() method, but that would have bloated our code with so many extra lines and been more difficult to maintain if the properties change.  Summary Anonymous types are one of those Little Wonders of the .NET language that are perfect at exactly that time when you need a temporary type to hold a set of properties together for an intermediate result.  While they are not very useful beyond the scope in which they are defined, they are excellent in LINQ expressions as a way to create and us intermediary values for further expressions and analysis. Anonymous types are defined by the compiler based on the number, type, names, and order of properties created, and they automatically implement appropriate Equals() and GetHashCode() overrides (as well as ToString()) which makes them ideal for LINQ expressions where you need to create a set of properties to group, evaluate, etc. Technorati Tags: C#,CSharp,.NET,Little Wonders,Anonymous Types,LINQ

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• Download YouTube Videos the Easy Way

  - by Trevor Bekolay

  You can’t be online all the time, and despite the majority of YouTube videos being nut-shots and Lady Gaga parodies, there is a lot of great content that you might want to download and watch offline. There are some programs and browser extensions to do this, but we’ve found that the easiest and quickest method is a bookmarklet that was originally posted on the Google Operating System blog (it’s since been removed). It will let you download standard quality and high-definition movies as MP4 files. Also, because it’s a bookmarklet, it will work on any modern web browser, and on any operating system! Installing the bookmarket is easy – just drag and drop the Get YouTube video link below to the bookmarks bar of your browser of choice. If you’ve hidden the bookmark bar, in most browsers you can right-click on the link and save it to your bookmarks. Get YouTube video   With the bookmarklet available in your browser, go to the YouTube video that you’d like to download. Click on the Get YouTube video link in your bookmarks bar, or in the bookmarks menu, wherever you saved it earlier. You will notice some new links appear below the description of the video. If you download the standard definition file, it will save as “video.mp4” by default. However, if you download the high definition file, it will save with the same name as the title of the video. There are many methods of downloading YouTube videos…but we think this is the easiest and quickest method. You don’t have to install anything or use up resources, but you can still get a link to download an MP4 with one click. Do you use a different method to download Youtube videos? Let us know about it in the comments! javascript:(function(){if(document.getElementById(’download-youtube-video’))return;var args=null,video_title=null,video_id=null,video_hash=null;var download_code=new Array();var fmt_labels={‘18′:’standard%20MP4′,’22′:’HD%20720p’,'37′:’HD%201080p’};try{args=yt.getConfig(’SWF_ARGS’);video_title=yt.getConfig(’VIDEO_TITLE’)}catch(e){}if(args){var fmt_url_map=unescape(args['fmt_url_map']);if(fmt_url_map==”)return;video_id=args['video_id'];video_hash=args['t'];video_title=video_title.replace(/[%22\'\?\\\/\:\*%3C%3E]/g,”);var fmt=new Array();var formats=fmt_url_map.split(’,');var format;for(var i=0;i%3Cformats.length;i++){var format_elems=formats[i].split(’|');fmt[format_elems[0]]=unescape(format_elems[1])}for(format in fmt_labels){if(fmt[format]!=null){download_code.push(’%3Ca%20href=\”+(fmt[format]+’&title=’+video_title)+’\'%3E’+fmt_labels[format]+’%3C/a%3E’)}elseif(format==’18′){download_code.push(’%3Ca%20href=\’http://www.youtube.com/get_video?fmt=18&video_id=’+video_id+’&t=’+video_hash+’\'%3E’+fmt_labels[format]+’%3C/a%3E’)}}}if(video_id==null||video_hash==null)return;var div_embed=document.getElementById(’watch-embed-div’);if(div_embed){var div_download=document.createElement(’div’);div_download.innerHTML=’%3Cbr%20/%3E%3Cspan%20id=\’download-youtube-video\’%3EDownload:%20′+download_code.join(’%20|%20′)+’%3C/span%3E’;div_embed.appendChild(div_download)}})() Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Watch YouTube Videos in Cinema Style in FirefoxDownload YouTube Videos with Cheetah YouTube DownloaderStop YouTube Videos from Automatically Playing in FirefoxImprove YouTube Video Viewing in Google ChromeConvert YouTube Videos to MP3 with YouTube Downloader TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 PCmover Professional 15 Great Illustrations by Chow Hon Lam Easily Sync Files & Folders with Friends & Family Amazon Free Kindle for PC Download Stretch popurls.com with a Stylish Script (Firefox) OldTvShows.org – Find episodes of Hitchcock, Soaps, Game Shows and more Download Microsoft Office Help tab

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