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• Nginx error page with JSON response

  - by Waseem

  I'm trying to serve a maintenance page to clients making request to my application when it is under maintenance. Following is my nginx configuration for that purpose. server { recursive_error_pages on; listen 80; ... if (-f $document_root/maintenance.html) { return 503; } error_page 404 /404.html; error_page 500 502 504 /500.html; error_page 503 @503; location = /404.html { root $document_root; } location = /500.html { root $document_root; } location @503 { error_page 405 =/maintenance.html; if (-f $request_filename) { break; } rewrite ^(.*)$ /maintenance.html break; } } Lets say I have enabled maintenance of my site by creating a $document_root/maintenance.html. This file, correctly, is served when a user makes a request with with Accept header of text/html. $ curl http://server.com/ -i -v -X GET -H "Accept: text/html" * Adding handle: conn: 0xf89420 * Adding handle: send: 0 * Adding handle: recv: 0 * Curl_addHandleToPipeline: length: 1 * - Conn 0 (0xf89420) send_pipe: 1, recv_pipe: 0 * About to connect() to server.com port 80 (#0) * Trying xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx... * Connected to server.com (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) port 80 (#0) > GET / HTTP/1.1 > User-Agent: curl/7.33.0 > Host: server.com > Accept: text/html > < HTTP/1.1 503 Service Temporarily Unavailable HTTP/1.1 503 Service Temporarily Unavailable * Server nginx/1.1.19 is not blacklisted < Server: nginx/1.1.19 Server: nginx/1.1.19 < Date: Thu, 14 Nov 2013 11:16:16 GMT Date: Thu, 14 Nov 2013 11:16:16 GMT < Content-Type: text/html Content-Type: text/html < Content-Length: 27 Content-Length: 27 < Connection: keep-alive Connection: keep-alive < This is under maintenance. * Connection #0 to host server.com left intact Now some clients set Accept header to application/json. How do I send them a JSON response instead of maintenance.html? Following is the response that I get when setting Accept to application/json. $ curl http://server.com/ -i -v -X GET -H "Accept: application/json" * Adding handle: conn: 0x190c430 * Adding handle: send: 0 * Adding handle: recv: 0 * Curl_addHandleToPipeline: length: 1 * - Conn 0 (0x190c430) send_pipe: 1, recv_pipe: 0 * About to connect() to server.com port 80 (#0) * Trying xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx... * Connected to server.com (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) port 80 (#0) > GET / HTTP/1.1 > User-Agent: curl/7.33.0 > Host: server.com > Accept: application/json > < HTTP/1.1 503 Service Temporarily Unavailable HTTP/1.1 503 Service Temporarily Unavailable * Server nginx/1.1.19 is not blacklisted < Server: nginx/1.1.19 Server: nginx/1.1.19 < Date: Thu, 14 Nov 2013 11:15:50 GMT Date: Thu, 14 Nov 2013 11:15:50 GMT < Content-Type: text/html Content-Type: text/html < Content-Length: 27 Content-Length: 27 < Connection: keep-alive Connection: keep-alive < This is under maintenance. * Connection #0 to host server.com left intact

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• Apache mod_jk Setting for Tomcat - workers.properties

  - by sissonb

  I am trying to direct files with .jsp extensions to tomcat. Otherwise I want apache to serve the file directly (no tomcat). Currently I have a test.jsp which is supposed to create an HTML page with the current date in the body. Instead when I go to that .jsp I see the JK Status Manager. The mod_jk.logs only show, init_jk::mod_jk.c (3365): mod_jk/1.2.35 initialized. I have tomcat and apache setup on my server. Apache runs on 80 and tomcat runs on 8080. localhost:8080 show the tomcat welcome page. I downloaded tomcat-connectors-1.2.35-windows-i386-httpd-2.2.x and copied the mod_jk.so to C:\apache\modules. Then I added LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so to my httpd.conf. I restart apache and the module loads just fine. Next I downloaded the mod_jk source to get the workers.properties file. I copy workers.properties to C:\apache\confg. Then I added this user, workers.tomcat_home="C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Tomcat 7.0" workers.java_home="C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_03" worker.list=ajp13 worker.ajp13.port=8080 worker.ajp13.host=localhost worker.ajp13.type=ajp13 worker.ajp13.socket_timeout=10 When I try to use the ajp13 user in my httpd.conf I get the following error in my mod_jk.log, [Wed Mar 28 13:08:51 2012] [2196:4100] [info] ajp_connection_tcp_get_message::jk_ajp_common.c (1258): (ajp13) can't receive the response header message from tomcat, network problems or tomcat (127.0.0.1:8080) is down (errno=60) [Wed Mar 28 13:08:51 2012] [2196:4100] [error] ajp_get_reply::jk_ajp_common.c (2117): (ajp13) Tomcat is down or refused connection. No response has been sent to the client (yet) [Wed Mar 28 13:08:51 2012] [2196:4100] [info] ajp_service::jk_ajp_common.c (2614): (ajp13) sending request to tomcat failed (recoverable), (attempt=1) Next I update my httpd.conf with, JkWorkersFile C:/apache/conf/workers.properties JkLogFile C:/apache/logs/mod_jk.log JkLogLevel info JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y] " Also I added JkMount /*.jsp jk-status to my virtual host like this, <VirtualHost 192.168.5.250:80> JkMount /*.jsp jk-status #JkMount /*.jsp ajp13 ServerName bgsisson.com ServerAlias www.bgsisson.com DocumentRoot C:/www/resume </VirtualHost> I think i need to include a uriworkermap.properties file, but this is where I am getting stuck. I have put up a test .jsp at bgsisson.com/test.jsp It shows the JK Status Manager when I use JkMount /*.jsp jk-status and 502 Bad Gateway when I use JkMount /*.jsp ajp13 test.jsp <%-- use the 'taglib' directive to make the JSTL 1.0 core tags available; use the uri "http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" for JSTL 1.1 --%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core" prefix="c" %> <%-- use the 'jsp:useBean' standard action to create the Date object; the object is set as an attribute in page scope --%> <jsp:useBean id="date" class="java.util.Date" /> <html> <head><title>First JSP</title></head> <body> <h2>Here is today's date</h2> <c:out value="${date}" /> </body> </html>

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• How to serve static files for multiple Django projects via nginx to same domain

  - by thanley

  I am trying to setup my nginx conf so that I can serve the relevant files for my multiple Django projects. Ultimately I want each app to be available at www.example.com/app1, www.example.com/app2 etc. They all serve static files from a 'static-files' directory located in their respective project root. The project structure: Home Ubuntu Web www.example.com ref logs app app1 app1 static bower_components templatetags app1_project templates static-files app2 app2 static templates templatetags app2_project static-files app3 tests templates static-files static app3_project app3 venv When I use the conf below, there are no problems for serving the static-files for the app that I designate in the /static/ location. I can also access the different apps found at their locations. However, I cannot figure out how to serve all of the static files for all the apps at the same time. I have looked into using the 'try_files' command for the static location, but cannot figure out how to see if it is working or not. Nginx Conf - Only serving static files for one app: server { listen 80; server_name example.com; server_name www.example.com; access_log /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/logs/access.log; error_log /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/logs/error.log; root /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/; location /static/ { alias /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app/app1/static-files/; } location /media/ { alias /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/media/; } location /app1/ { include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_param SCRIPT_NAME /app1; uwsgi_modifier1 30; uwsgi_pass unix:///home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app1.sock; } location /app2/ { include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_param SCRIPT_NAME /app2; uwsgi_modifier1 30; uwsgi_pass unix:///home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app2.sock; } location /app3/ { include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_param SCRIPT_NAME /app3; uwsgi_modifier1 30; uwsgi_pass unix:///home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app3.sock; } # what to serve if upstream is not available or crashes error_page 400 /static/400.html; error_page 403 /static/403.html; error_page 404 /static/404.html; error_page 500 502 503 504 /static/500.html; # Compression gzip on; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_comp_level 5; gzip_proxied any; gzip_min_length 1100; gzip_buffers 16 8k; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; # Some version of IE 6 don't handle compression well on some mime-types, # so just disable for them gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6].(?!.*SV1)"; # Set a vary header so downstream proxies don't send cached gzipped # content to IE6 gzip_vary on; } Essentially I want to have something like (I know this won't work) location /static/ { alias /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app/app1/static-files/; alias /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app/app2/static-files/; alias /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app/app3/static-files/; } or (where it can serve the static files based on the uri) location /static/ { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; } So basically, if I use try_files like above, is the problem in my project directory structure? Or am I totally off base on this and I need to put each app in a subdomain instead of going this route? Thanks for any suggestions TLDR: I want to go to: www.example.com/APP_NAME_HERE And have nginx serve the static location: /home/ubuntu/web/www.example.com/app/APP_NAME_HERE/static-files/;

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• Routing not working correctly using the laravel framework

  - by samayres1992

  I'm using the book wrote by one of the guys that created laravel, so I'd like to think for the most part this code isn't horribly wrong. My server is setup with nginx serving all static files and apache2 serving php. My config for each are the following: apache2: <VirtualHost *> # Host that will serve this project. ServerName litl.it # The location of our projects public directory. DocumentRoot /var/www/litl.it/laravel/public # Useful logs for debug. CustomLog /var/log/apache.access.log common ErrorLog /var/log/apache.error.log # Rewrites for pretty URLs, better not to rely on .htaccess. <Directory /var/www/litl.it/laravel/public> <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> Options -MultiViews RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteRule ^ index.php [L] </IfModule> </Directory> nginx: server { # Port that the web server will listen on. listen 80; # Host that will serve this project. server_name litl.it *.litl.it; # Useful logs for debug. access_log /var/log/nginx.access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx.error.log; rewrite_log on; # The location of our projects public directory. root /var/www/litl.it/laravel/public; # Point index to the Laravel front controller. index index.php; location / { # URLs to attempt, including pretty ones. try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string; } # Remove trailing slash to please routing system. if (!-d $request_filename) { rewrite ^/(.+)/$ /$1 permanent; } # PHP FPM configuration. location ~* \.php$ { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; include /etc/nginx/proxy_params; try_files index index.php $uri =404; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root/php/$fastcgi_script_name; } # We don't need .ht files with nginx. location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } location @proxy { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; include /etc/nginx/proxy_params; } error_page 403 /error/403.html; error_page 404 /error/404.html; error_page 405 /error/405.html; error_page 500 501 502 503 504 /error/5xx.html; location ^~ /error/ { internal; root /var/www/litl.it/lavarel/public/error; } } I'm including these server configs, as I feel this maybe the issue? Here is my incredibly basic routing file that should return "routing is working" on domain.com/test but instead it just returns the homepage. <?php Route::get('/', function() { return View::make('hello'); }); Route::get('/test', function() { return "routing is working"; }); Any ideas where I'm going wrong, I'm following this tutorial very closely and I'm confused why there is issue. Thanks!

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• Nginx - Redirect any Subdomain to File without Rewriting

  - by Waffle

  Recently I have switched from Apache to Nginx to increase performance on a web server running Ubuntu 11.10. I have been having issues trying to figure out how certain things work in Nginx compared to Apache, but one issue has been stumping me and I have not been able to find the answer online. My problem is that I need to be able to redirect (not rewrite) any sub-domain to a file, but that file needs to be able to get the sub-domain part of the URL in order to do a database look-up of that sub-domain. So far, I have been able to get any sub-domain to rewrite to that file, but then it loses the text of the sub-domain I need. So, for example, I would like test.server.com to redirect to server.com/resolve.php, but still remain as test.server.com. If this is not possible, the thing that I would need at the very least would be something such as going to test.server.com would go to server.com/resolve.php?=test . One of these options must be possible in Nginx. My config as it stands right now looks something like this: server { listen 80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied listen [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6 root /usr/share/nginx/www; index index.php index.html index.htm; # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name www.server.com server.com; location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to index.html try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; } location /doc { root /usr/share; autoindex on; allow 127.0.0.1; } location /images { root /usr/share; autoindex off; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # #error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; #location = /50x.html { # root /usr/share/nginx/www; #} # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } server { listen 80 default; server_name *.server.com; rewrite ^ http://www.server.com/resolve.php; } As I said before, I am very new to Nginx, so I have a feeling the answer is pretty simple, but no examples online seem to deal with just redirects without rewrites or rewriting with the sub-domain section included. Any help on what to do would be most appreciated and if any one has a better idea to accomplish what I need, I am also open to ideas. Thank you very much.

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• can't access nginx server from IP

  - by EquinoX

  So 2 days ago I can see that page where it saya "Welcome to nginx", however as of now when I tried to access it, it says 404 page not found... Why is this? Inside my sites-enabled folder I have a file named default and it has the following: # You may add here your # server { # ... # } # statements for each of your virtual hosts server { listen 80; server_name 127.0.0.1; access_log /var/log/nginx/localhost.access.log; location / { root /var/www/nginx-default; index index.html index.htm; } location /doc { root /usr/share; autoindex on; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } location /images { root /usr/share; autoindex on; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # #error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; #location = /50x.html { # root /var/www/nginx-default; #} # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { #proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/nginx-default$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { #listen 8000; #listen somename:8080; #server_name somename alias another.alias; #location / { #root html; #index index.html index.htm; #} #} # HTTPS server # #server { #listen 443; #server_name localhost; #ssl on; #ssl_certificate cert.pem; #ssl_certificate_key cert.key; #ssl_session_timeout 5m; #ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; #ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP; #ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; #location / { #root html; #index index.html index.htm; #} #} Here's my nginx.conf file: user www-data; worker_processes 4; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; # multi_accept on; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)"; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } # mail { # # See sample authentication script at: # # http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript # # # auth_http localhost/auth.php; # # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER"; # # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS"; # # server { # listen localhost:110; # protocol pop3; # proxy on; # } # # server { # listen localhost:143; # protocol imap; # proxy on; # } # } What am I doing wrong here? I have other virtual host setup in the sites-enabled as well... UPDATE: The server_name directives are: -admin.api.frapi -api.frapi -default -example.com -php.example.com

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• phpMyAdmin setup issues

  - by EquinoX

  I am trying to follow the tutorial here to setup the user and pass. It says there that "this section is only applicable if your MySQL server is running with --skip-show-database". First question is, how do I check if MySQl server is running with --skip-show-database? Is there any way I can access phpMyAdmin SQL query window without logging in? Otherwise I'd have to execute this SQL from command line. I am also getting this: Cannot load mcrypt extension. Please check your PHP configuration. I have added mcrypt.so to php.ini and doing the following command proves that I have it. [root@DT html]# rpm -qa | grep mcrypt mcrypt-2.6.8-1.el5 php-mcrypt-5.3.5-1.1.w5 libmcrypt-2.5.8-4.el5.centos [root@DT html]# php -v PHP 5.3.5 (cli) (built: Feb 19 2011 13:10:09) Copyright (c) 1997-2010 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.3.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2010 Zend Technologies Now when I go to phpinfo() and search for mcrypt it can find it inside the Configure Command row ('--with-mcrypt=shared,/usr'). So, what to do next?. UPDATE: I didn't put extension=mcrypt.so in php.ini as it will complain the following: PHP Warning: Module 'mcrypt' already loaded in Unknown on line 0 Here's my nginx.conf: #user nobody; worker_processes 2; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; gzip on; server { listen 80; root /usr/share/nginx/html; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { #root html; index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { #root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { #root /usr/local/nginx/html; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/nginx/html$fastcgi_script _name; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443; # server_name localhost; # ssl on; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; # ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} }

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• Capistrano + Nginx + Passenger = 403

  - by slimchrisp

  I asked this over at stackoverflow as well, but still haven't received any answers that have helped me to solve this problem. I have spent almost a week at this point trying to solve the issue, and I'm just not making any headway. It seems that this issue is pretty common, but none of the solutions I found online work for me. A buddy of mine is actually creating the same setup, and he is having the same issue. After a few days stuck with the 403 error I started over using this tutorial: http://blog.ninjahideout.com/posts/a-guide-to-a-nginx-passenger-and-rvm-server I had hoped starting from scratch using this tutorial would work, but no dice. Either way, if you view the tutorial you can see what steps I have taken. Here is essentially what I have going on. I have a VPS account on linode.com Server OS is Ubuntu 10.04 Local OS (shouldn't matter, but just so you know) used to deploy with Capistrano is Snow Leopard 10.6.6 I use RVM on the server. Version is 1.2.2 I was previously on ruby-1.9.2-p0 [ i386 ], but per the tutorial listed above I switched to ree-1.8.7-2010.02 [ i386 ]. Running 'which ruby' from the command line verifies that I am using 1.8.7 with the following output: /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/bin/ruby passenger -v prints the following: Phusion Passenger version 3.0.2 Running 'nginx -v' gives me a message that the command nginx could not be found. The server is definitely there and running as I can use nginx to serve static files, but this could have something to do with my problem. I have two users dealing with the install. root which I used to install everything, and deployer which is a user I created specifically to for deploying my applications My web app directory is in the deployer user's home directory as follows: /home/deployer/webapps/mysite.com/public Per Capistrano default deploy, a symbolic link called current is created in the public folder, and points to /home/deployer/webapps/mysite.com/public/releases/most_current_release I have chmodded the deployer directory recursively to 777 /opt/nginx permissions: rwxr-xr-x /usr/local/rvm/gems/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/gems/passenger-3.0.2 permissions: rwxrwsrwx My nginx config file has gone through just short of eternity variations, but currently looks like this: ================================================================================== worker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { passenger_root /usr/local/rvm/gems/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/gems/passenger-3.0.2; passenger_ruby /usr/local/rvm/bin/passenger_ruby; include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; server { # listen *:80; server_name mysite.com www.mysite.com; root /home/deployer/webapps/mysite.com/public/current; passenger_enabled on; passenger_friendly_error_pages on; access_log logs/mysite.com/server.log; error_log logs/mysite.com/error.log info; error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } } ================================================================================== I bounce nginx, hit the site, and boom. 403, and logs say directory index of /home/deployer... is forbidden As others with a similar problem have said, you can drop an index.html into the public/releases/current_release and it will render. But rails no worky. That's basically it. At this point I have just about completely exhausted every possible solution attempt I can think of. I am a programmer and definitely not a sysadmin, so I am 99% sure this has something to do with permissions that I have hosed, but for the life of me I just can't figure out where. If anyone can help I would really really appreciate it. If there's any specific permission things you want me to check (ie groups/permissions), can you please include the commands to do so as well. Hopefully this will help others in the future who read this post. Let me know if there is any other information I can provide, and thanks in advance!!!

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• /phpTest/zologize/axa.php? Another botnet?

  - by M132

  Starring at the log made me think, what is /phpTest/zologize/axa.php and why are bots looking for it? Previously, I had lots of /HNAP1/ requests. Requesting /HNAP1/ from IPs from log revealed, that all of them were sent by Linksys routers. 3 months later, these requests turned out to be generated by a router worm called TheMoon. But requesting /phpTest/zologize/axa.php from these servers returns a 404 error. How these servers got infected, and how can I protect mine from this? 124.11.224.69 - - [02/Feb/2014:00:37:16 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 168 "-" "-" 140.113.238.121 - - [21/Feb/2014:01:24:32 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 168 "-" "-" 77.121.132.79 - - [22/Feb/2014:00:03:56 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 168 "-" "-" 142.4.201.210 - - [24/Feb/2014:21:54:33 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 168 "-" "-" 212.83.168.39 - - [24/Feb/2014:23:16:00 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 168 "-" "-" 87.117.229.210 - - [26/Feb/2014:06:34:58 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "-" 78.100.82.99 - - [26/Feb/2014:08:25:48 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "-" 198.50.205.219 - - [26/Feb/2014:09:59:11 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "-" 210.60.142.107 - - [27/Feb/2014:00:12:12 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "-" 101.109.4.73 - - [27/Feb/2014:08:50:46 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "-" 61.91.128.158 - - [27/Feb/2014:08:59:15 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "-" 201.188.41.175 - - [27/Feb/2014:11:25:42 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "-" 220.133.137.2 - - [27/Feb/2014:12:12:46 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "-" 203.156.104.88 - - [28/Feb/2014:18:11:49 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "-" 61.19.52.58 - - [28/Feb/2014:22:02:56 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "-" 84.2.92.40 - - [28/Feb/2014:23:04:17 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 404 162 "-" "-" 58.64.205.11 - - [01/Mar/2014:06:08:33 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 21 "-" "-" 113.61.200.151 - - [01/Mar/2014:18:25:25 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 21 "-" "-" 178.33.219.12 - - [03/Mar/2014:14:41:48 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 21 "-" "-" 74.63.220.132 - - [04/Mar/2014:01:16:44 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 21 "-" "-" 187.141.230.106 - - [04/Mar/2014:15:39:26 +0100] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 21 "-" "-" 103.22.181.146 - - [09/May/2014:17:16:56 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 502 166 "-" "-" 176.31.200.14 - - [10/May/2014:19:52:24 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 68 "-" "-" 124.120.92.70 - - [12/May/2014:16:19:40 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 68 "-" "-" 219.85.198.142 - - [15/May/2014:19:21:22 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 37 "-" "-" 80.84.53.226 - - [23/May/2014:08:58:25 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 37 "-" "-" 87.213.11.165 - - [25/May/2014:06:20:27 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 37 "-" "-" 122.116.220.106 - - [25/May/2014:07:10:21 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 37 "-" "-" 58.8.128.30 - - [29/May/2014:02:43:49 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 37 "-" "-" 142.4.197.135 - - [29/May/2014:11:36:45 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 37 "-" "-" 178.32.243.65 - - [30/May/2014:01:59:53 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 37 "-" "-" 58.8.164.221 - - [30/May/2014:14:04:16 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 37 "-" "-" 140.127.182.15 - - [01/Jun/2014:14:45:40 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 37 "-" "-" 218.166.43.21 - - [01/Jun/2014:16:07:52 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 37 "-" "-" 178.32.188.140 - - [01/Jun/2014:19:11:46 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 37 "-" "-" 94.23.211.173 - - [05/Jun/2014:00:52:52 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 37 "-" "-" 120.117.105.201 - - [05/Jun/2014:04:39:39 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 37 "-" "-" 187.172.27.146 - - [05/Jun/2014:10:20:22 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 37 "-" "-" 203.195.219.91 - - [05/Jun/2014:10:53:42 +0200] "GET /phpTest/zologize/axa.php HTTP/1.1" 200 37 "-" "-"

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• No root file system is defined error after installation

  - by LearnCode

  I installed ubuntu through Wubi and once i rebooted I get no root file system defined error. here's the output of the boot_info_script.Could anyone point me out where the error is. Boot Info Script 0.60 from 17 May 2011 ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== => Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda. => Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb. sda1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7 Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows 7 Boot files: /bootmgr /Boot/BCD /Windows/System32/winload.exe /ntldr /ntdetect.com /wubildr /ubuntu/winboot/wubildr /wubildr.mbr /ubuntu/winboot/wubildr.mbr /ubuntu/disks/root.disk /ubuntu/disks/swap.disk sda1/Wubi: _____________________________________________________________________ File system: Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: Mounting failed: mount: unknown filesystem type '' sda2: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: vfat Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /boot.ini /ntldr /NTDETECT.COM sdb1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7 Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 240 heads, 63 sectors/track, 20673 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 * 63 301,250,879 301,250,817 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda2 301,250,943 312,575,759 11,324,817 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) GUID Partition Table detected, but does not seem to be used. Partition Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors System /dev/sda1 323,465,741,313,502,988275,962,973,585-323,465,465,350,529,402 - /dev/sda2 242,728,591,638,290,720578,721,383,108,845,578335,992,791,470,554,859 - /dev/sda3 1,827,498,311,425,204,2562,091,935,274,843,009,907264,436,963,417,805,652 - /dev/sda4 579,711,218,081,401,3572,006,665,459,744,645,1521,426,954,241,663,243,796 - /dev/sda11 270,286,346,402,038,1183,786,543,326,404,525,9543,516,256,980,002,487,837 - /dev/sda12 4,179,681,002,230,769,6684,179,389,374,010,033,387-291,628,220,736,280 - /dev/sda13 232,556,480,979,456,1311,160,152,593,793,119,235927,596,112,813,663,105 - /dev/sda14 98,342,784,050,266,9183,691,264,578,843,725,1953,592,921,794,793,458,278 - /dev/sda15 2,307,845,219,957,882,4961,850,841,032,955,276,350-457,004,187,002,606,145 - /dev/sda16 512,592,046,878,946,497368,458,231,024,779,444-144,133,815,854,167,052 - /dev/sda17 2,504,135,232,870,384,3923,665,087,872,719,320,8291,160,952,639,848,936,438 - /dev/sda18 3,783,181,605,270,691,304122,034,509,624,708,942-3,661,147,095,645,982,361 - /dev/sda19 3,519,661,520,275,829,5122,376,243,094,723,723,587-1,143,418,425,552,105,924 - /dev/sda20 3,867,920,076,859,0744,494,691,111,933,625,1044,490,823,191,856,766,031 - /dev/sda21 1,500,144,061,909,253,7612,511,182,033,846,676,3401,011,037,971,937,422,580 - /dev/sda22 13,035,625,499,900,0062,360,168,613,941,394,9472,347,132,988,441,494,942 - /dev/sda23 4,228,978,682,068,599,48813,159,423,631,648,263-4,215,819,258,436,951,224 - /dev/sda24 3,695,955,742,872,046,9084,561,928,726,501,845,776865,972,983,629,798,869 - /dev/sda25 1,297,460,286,683,948,0461,444,350,486,339,417,957146,890,199,655,469,912 - /dev/sda26 1,228,858,248,533,131,831 0-1,228,858,248,533,131,830 - /dev/sda121 3,189,184,846,146,487,1461,849,820,258,006,914,852-1,339,364,588,139,572,293 - /dev/sda122 1,226,215,547,991,800,578389,781,518,734,546,300-836,434,029,257,254,277 - /dev/sda123 3,851,660,168,574,583,4654,046,215,657,583,031,556194,555,489,008,448,092 - /dev/sda124 1,197,460,980,174,153,341699,103,965,005,093,246-498,357,015,169,060,094 - Drive: sdb _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sdb: 750.2 GB, 750153367552 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91200 cylinders, total 1465143296 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sdb1 2,048 1,465,143,295 1,465,141,248 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS "blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/loop0 iso9660 Ubuntu 11.04 amd64 /dev/loop1 squashfs /dev/sda1 E814B55B14B52E06 ntfs /dev/sda2 01CD-023B vfat HP_RECOVERY /dev/sdb1 7836F22A36F1E8D0 ntfs Elements ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/loop0 /cdrom iso9660 (ro,noatime) /dev/loop1 /rofs squashfs (ro,noatime) /dev/sdb1 /mnt fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096) ================================ sda2/boot.ini: ================================ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [boot loader] timeout=0 default=C:\CMDCONS\BOOTSECT.DAT [operating systems] multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /fastdetect C:\CMDCONS\BOOTSECT.DAT="Microsoft Windows Recovery Console" /cmdcons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc: ======================== Unknown GPT Partiton Type c104043000e9b9040dff24b580010100 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 46313020746f20737461727420746865 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 65727920706172746974696f6e207761 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 727920706172746974696f6e0d0a0000 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 000f84e5f7668b162404e82804744066 Unknown GPT Partiton Type ce01e8dc038bfe66391624047505e8d9 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 0345086603f0e881030bd2740333d240 Unknown GPT Partiton Type bece01e8db0287fec645041266895508 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 01f60634010175078b363b01e854f5e8 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 313825740ffec03865107408fec03824 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 02f60634014074088bfdbece01e85101 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 263401f9e894f30f858ef4e8e201e8ec Unknown GPT Partiton Type f7e960f35245434f5645525966606633 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 660faf1e00106603dac3668b0e001066 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 8bfd386d04740583c710e2f6c36660c6 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 04ebf132c0b91000f3aac3bf0c04ebf3 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 02662bc1660fb71e0e02662bc366031e Unknown GPT Partiton Type f4b40ebb0700b901003c08751381ff25 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 534f465448494e4b90653f62011b0100 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 0b050900027777772e68702e636f6d00 Unknown GPT Partiton Type d441a0f5030003000ecb744a08bb3746 Unknown GPT Partiton Type f8579a116b4a7aa931cde97a4b9b5c09 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 7229990415b77c0a1970e7e824237a3a Unknown GPT Partiton Type afb6e34d6b4bd8c7c0eada19a9786cc3 Unknown BootLoader on sda1/Wubi 00000000 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 |0000000000000000| * 00000200 Unknown BootLoader on sda2 00000000 e9 a7 00 52 45 43 4f 56 45 52 59 00 02 08 20 00 |...RECOVERY... .| 00000010 02 00 00 00 00 f8 00 00 3f 00 f0 00 7f b9 f4 11 |........?.......| 00000020 8c cd ac 00 1e 2b 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 |.....+..........| 00000030 01 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 00000040 80 00 29 3b 02 cd 01 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |..);... | 00000050 20 20 46 41 54 33 32 20 20 20 8b d0 c1 e2 02 80 | FAT32 ......| 00000060 e6 01 66 c1 e8 07 66 3b 46 f8 74 2a 66 89 46 f8 |..f...f;F.t*f.F.| 00000070 66 03 46 f4 66 0f b6 5e 28 80 e3 0f 74 0f 3a 5e |f.F.f..^(...t.:^| 00000080 10 0f 83 90 00 66 0f af 5e 24 66 03 c3 bb e0 07 |.....f..^$f.....| 00000090 b9 01 00 e8 cf 00 8b da 66 8b 87 00 7e 66 25 ff |........f...~f%.| 000000a0 ff ff 0f 66 3d f8 ff ff 0f c3 33 c9 8e d9 8e c1 |...f=.....3.....| 000000b0 8e d1 66 bc f4 7b 00 00 bd 00 7c 66 0f b6 46 10 |..f..{....|f..F.| 000000c0 66 f7 66 24 66 0f b7 56 0e 66 03 56 1c 66 89 56 |f.f$f..V.f.V.f.V| 000000d0 f4 66 03 c2 66 89 46 fc 66 c7 46 f8 ff ff ff ff |.f..f.F.f.F.....| 000000e0 66 8b 46 2c 66 50 e8 af 00 bb 70 00 b9 01 00 e8 |f.F,fP....p.....| 000000f0 73 00 bf 00 07 b1 0b be a9 7d f3 a6 74 2a 03 f9 |s........}..t*..| 00000100 83 c7 15 81 ff 00 09 72 ec 66 40 4a 75 db 66 58 |[email protected]| 00000110 e8 47 ff 72 cf be b4 7d ac 84 c0 74 09 b4 0e bb |.G.r...}...t....| 00000120 07 00 cd 10 eb f2 cd 19 66 58 ff 75 09 ff 75 0f |........fX.u..u.| 00000130 66 58 bb 00 20 66 83 f8 02 72 da 66 3d f8 ff ff |fX.. f...r.f=...| 00000140 0f 73 d2 66 50 e8 50 00 0f b6 4e 0d e8 16 00 c1 |.s.fP.P...N.....| 00000150 e1 05 03 d9 66 58 53 e8 00 ff 5b 72 d8 8a 56 40 |....fXS...[r..V@| 00000160 ea 00 00 00 20 66 60 66 6a 00 66 50 53 6a 00 66 |.... f`fj.fPSj.f| 00000170 68 10 00 01 00 8b f4 b8 00 42 8a 56 40 cd 13 be |h........B.V@...| 00000180 c7 7d 72 94 67 83 44 24 06 20 66 67 ff 44 24 08 |.}r.g.D$. fg.D$.| 00000190 e2 e3 83 c4 10 66 61 c3 66 48 66 48 66 0f b6 56 |.....fa.fHfHf..V| 000001a0 0d 66 f7 e2 66 03 46 fc c3 4e 54 4c 44 52 20 20 |.f..f.F..NTLDR | 000001b0 20 20 20 20 0d 0a 4e 6f 20 53 79 73 74 65 6d 20 | ..No System | 000001c0 44 69 73 6b 20 6f 72 0d 0a 44 69 73 6b 20 49 2f |Disk or..Disk I/| 000001d0 4f 20 65 72 72 6f 72 0d 0a 50 72 65 73 73 20 61 |O error..Press a| 000001e0 20 6b 65 79 20 74 6f 20 72 65 73 74 61 72 74 0d | key to restart.| 000001f0 0a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00000200 =============================== StdErr Messages: =============================== umount: /isodevice: device is busy. (In some cases useful info about processes that use the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))

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• Deterministic/Consistent Unique Masking

  - by Dinesh Rajasekharan-Oracle

  One of the key requirements while masking data in large databases or multi database environment is to consistently mask some columns, i.e. for a given input the output should always be the same. At the same time the masked output should not be predictable. Deterministic masking also eliminates the need to spend enormous amount of time spent in identifying data relationships, i.e. parent and child relationships among columns defined in the application tables. In this blog post I will explain different ways of consistently masking the data across databases using Oracle Data Masking and Subsetting The readers of post should have minimal knowledge on Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c, Application Data Modeling, Data Masking concepts. For more information on these concepts, please refer to Oracle Data Masking and Subsetting document Oracle Data Masking and Subsetting 12c provides four methods using which users can consistently yet irreversibly mask their inputs. 1. Substitute 2. SQL Expression 3. Encrypt 4. User Defined Function SUBSTITUTE The substitute masking format replaces the original value with a value from a pre-created database table. As the method uses a hash based algorithm in the back end the mappings are consistent. For example consider DEPARTMENT_ID in EMPLOYEES table is replaced with FAKE_DEPARTMENT_ID from FAKE_TABLE. The substitute masking transformation that all occurrences of DEPARTMENT_ID say ‘101’ will be replaced with ‘502’ provided same substitution table and column is used , i.e. FAKE_TABLE.FAKE_DEPARTMENT_ID. The following screen shot shows the usage of the Substitute masking format with in a masking definition: Note that the uniqueness of the masked value depends on the number of columns being used in the substitution table i.e. if the original table contains 50000 unique values, then for the masked output to be unique and deterministic the substitution column should also contain 50000 unique values without which only consistency is maintained but not uniqueness. SQL EXPRESSION SQL Expression replaces an existing value with the output of a specified SQL Expression. For example while masking an EMPLOYEES table the EMAIL_ID of an employee has to be in the format EMPLOYEE’s [email protected] while FIRST_NAME and LAST_NAME are the actual column names of the EMPLOYEES table then the corresponding SQL Expression will look like %FIRST_NAME%||’.’||%LAST_NAME%||’@COMPANY.COM’. The advantage of this technique is that if you are masking FIRST_NAME and LAST_NAME of the EMPLOYEES table than the corresponding EMAIL ID will be replaced accordingly by the masking scripts. One of the interesting aspect’s of a SQL Expressions is that you can use sub SQL expressions, which means that you can write a nested SQL and use it as SQL Expression to address a complex masking business use cases. SQL Expression can also be used to consistently replace value with hashed value using Oracle’s PL/SQL function ORA_HASH. The following SQL Expression will help in the previous example for replacing the DEPARTMENT_IDs with a hashed number ORA_HASH (%DEPARTMENT_ID%, 1000) The following screen shot shows the usage of encrypt masking format with in the masking definition: ORA_HASH takes three arguments: 1. Expression which can be of any data type except LONG, LOB, User Defined Type [nested table type is allowed]. In the above example I used the Original value as expression. 2. Number of hash buckets which can be number between 0 and 4294967295. The default value is 4294967295. You can also co-relate the number of hash buckets to a range of numbers. In the above example above the bucket value is specified as 1000, so the end result will be a hashed number in between 0 and 1000. 3. Seed, can be any number which decides the consistency, i.e. for a given seed value the output will always be same. The default seed is 0. In the above SQL Expression a seed in not specified, so it to 0. If you have to use a non default seed then the function will look like. ORA_HASH (%DEPARTMENT_ID%, 1000, 1234 The uniqueness depends on the input and the number of hash buckets used. However as ORA_HASH uses a 32 bit algorithm, considering birthday paradox or pigeonhole principle there is a 0.5 probability of collision after 232-1 unique values. ENCRYPT Encrypt masking format uses a blend of 3DES encryption algorithm, hashing, and regular expression to produce a deterministic and unique masked output. The format of the masked output corresponds to the specified regular expression. As this technique uses a key [string] to encrypt the data, the same string can be used to decrypt the data. The key also acts as seed to maintain consistent outputs for a given input. The following screen shot shows the usage of encrypt masking format with in the masking definition: Regular Expressions may look complex for the first time users but you will soon realize that it’s a simple language. There are many resources in internet, oracle documentation, oracle learning library, my oracle support on writing a Regular Expressions, out of all the following My Oracle Support document helped me to get started with Regular Expressions: Oracle SQL Support for Regular Expressions[Video](Doc ID 1369668.1) USER DEFINED FUNCTION [UDF] User Defined Function or UDF provides flexibility for the users to code their own masking logic in PL/SQL, which can be called from masking Defintion. The standard format of an UDF in Oracle Data Masking and Subsetting is: Function udf_func (rowid varchar2, column_name varchar2, original_value varchar2) returns varchar2; Where • rowid is the row identifier of the column that needs to be masked • column_name is the name of the column that needs to be masked • original_value is the column value that needs to be masked You can achieve deterministic masking by using Oracle’s built in hash functions like, ORA_HASH, DBMS_CRYPTO.MD4, DBMS_CRYPTO.MD5, DBMS_UTILITY. GET_HASH_VALUE.Please refers to the Oracle Database Documentation for more information on the Oracle Hash functions. For example the following masking UDF generate deterministic unique hexadecimal values for a given string input: CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION RD_DUX (rid varchar2, column_name varchar2, orig_val VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 DETERMINISTIC PARALLEL_ENABLE IS stext varchar2 (26); no_of_characters number(2); BEGIN no_of_characters:=6; stext:=substr(RAWTOHEX(DBMS_CRYPTO.HASH(UTL_RAW.CAST_TO_RAW(text),1)),0,no_of_characters); RETURN stext; END; The uniqueness depends on the input and length of the string and number of bits used by hash algorithm. In the above function MD4 hash is used [denoted by argument 1 in the DBMS_CRYPTO.HASH function which is a 128 bit algorithm which produces 2^128-1 unique hashed values , however this is limited by the length of the input string which is 6, so only 6^6 unique values will be generated. Also do not forget about the birthday paradox/pigeonhole principle mentioned earlier in this post. An another example is to consistently replace characters or numbers preserving the length and special characters as shown below: CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION RD_DUS(rid varchar2,column_name varchar2,orig_val VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 DETERMINISTIC PARALLEL_ENABLE IS stext varchar2(26); BEGIN DBMS_RANDOM.SEED(orig_val); stext:=TRANSLATE(orig_val,'ABCDEFGHILKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ',DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('U',26)); stext:=TRANSLATE(stext,'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz',DBMS_RANDOM.STRING('L',26)); stext:=TRANSLATE(stext,'0123456789',to_char(DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE(1,9))); stext:=REPLACE(stext,'.','0'); RETURN stext; END; The following screen shot shows the usage of an UDF with in a masking definition: To summarize, Oracle Data Masking and Subsetting helps you to consistently mask data across databases using one or all of the methods described in this post. It saves the hassle of identifying the parent-child relationships defined in the application table. Happy Masking

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• All my emails to Yahoo!, Hotmail and AOL are going to Spam, though I've implemented every validation

  - by Chetan

  Hi, I've implemented everything and checked everything (SPF, DomainKey, DKIM, reverse lookup), and only Gmail is allowing my emails to go to Inbox. Yahoo, Hotmail and AOL are all sending my messages to Spam. What am I doing wrong? Please help! Following are the headers of messages to Yahoo, Hotmail and AOL. I've changed names and domain names. The domain names I'm sending mail from are polluxapp.com and gemini.polluxapp.com. Yahoo: From Shift Licensing Tue Jan 26 21:55:14 2010 X-Apparently-To: [email protected] via 98.136.167.163; Tue, 26 Jan 2010 13:59:12 -0800 Return-Path: X-YahooFilteredBulk: 208.115.108.162 X-YMailISG: gPlFT1YWLDtTsHSCXAO2fxuGq5RdrsMxPffmkJFHiQyZW.2RGdDQ8OEpzWDYPS.MS_D5mvpu928sYN_86mQ2inD9zVLaVNyVVrmzIFCOHJO2gPwIG8c2L8WajG4ZRgoTwMFHkyEsefYtRLMg8AmHKnkS0PkPscwpVHtuUD91ghsTSqs4lxEMqhqw60US0cwMn_r_DrWNEUg_sESZsYeZpJcCCPL0wd6zcfKmtYaIkidsth3gWJPJgpwWtkgPvwsJUU_cmAQ8hAQ7RVM1usEs80PzihTLDR1yKc4RJCsesaf4NUO_yN1cPsbFyiaazKikC.eiQk4Z3VU.8O5Vd8i7mPNyOeAjyt7IgeA_ X-Originating-IP: [208.115.108.162] Authentication-Results: mta1035.mail.sk1.yahoo.com from=example.com; domainkeys=pass (ok); from=example.com; dkim=permerror (bad sig) Received: from 127.0.0.1 (EHLO gemini.example.com) (208.115.108.162) by mta1035.mail.sk1.yahoo.com with SMTP; Tue, 26 Jan 2010 13:59:12 -0800 Received: from gemini.example.com (gemini [127.0.0.1]) by gemini.example.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3984E21A0167 for ; Tue, 26 Jan 2010 13:55:14 -0800 (PST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha1; c=relaxed; d=example.com; h=to :subject:from:content-type:message-id:date; s=mail; bh=bRIHfxE3S e+YeCrIOqziZsiESJA=; b=J+D56Czff+6wGjQycLEvHyT32+06Nngf+6h7Ep6DL SmmJv3ihiAFJIJiPxiwLNpUsOSHhwJYjYQtynbBnag40A6EUBIsucDR+VoEYD+Cc 9L0dV3QD5D77VpG9PnRQDQa91R+NPIt5og9xbYfUWJ1b/jXkZopb0VTM+H9tandM 24= DomainKey-Signature: a=rsa-sha1; c=nofws; d=example.com; h=to:subject :from:content-type:message-id:date; q=dns; s=mail; b=pO5YvvjGTXs 3Qa83Ibq9woLq5VSsxUD5uoSrjNrW9ICMmdWyJpb9oT5byFR9hMthomTmfGWkkh6 3VxtD0hb0HVonN+1iheqJ9QBBOctadLCAOPZV3mfA99XUu7Y0DR2qtkU/UkSe8In 5PENWFbwub88ZsRDiW3hCbNHl+UO8Jsc= Received: by gemini.example.com (Postfix, from userid 502) id 386DE21A0166; Tue, 26 Jan 2010 13:55:14 -0800 (PST) To: [email protected] Subject: Shift License For James Xavier From: "Shift Licensing" Content-type: text/html Message-Id: <[email protected] Date: Tue, 26 Jan 2010 13:55:14 -0800 (PST) Content-Length: 282` Hotmail: X-Message-Delivery: Vj0xLjE7dXM9MDtsPTA7YT0wO0Q9MjtTQ0w9Ng== X-Message-Status: n:0 X-SID-PRA: [email protected] X-AUTH-Result: NONE X-Message-Info: 6sSXyD95QpWzUBaRfzf3NMbaiSGCCYGXSczlzLw49r01I25elu3oYM0V2uNa8BV2O7DOiFEeewTBKMtN+PW+ig== Received: from gemini.example.com ([208.115.108.162]) by snt0-mc4-f7.Snt0.hotmail.com with Microsoft SMTPSVC(6.0.3790.3959); Tue, 26 Jan 2010 13:18:53 -0800 Received: from gemini.example.com (gemini [127.0.0.1]) by gemini.example.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 9431321A0167 for ; Tue, 26 Jan 2010 13:18:53 -0800 (PST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha1; c=relaxed; d=gemini.example.com; h=to :subject:message-id:date:from; s=mail; bh=DLF0k+uELpY6If5o3SWlSj 7j0vw=; b=nAMpb47xTVh73y6a2rf6V1rtYHuufr46dtuwWtHyFC85QKfZJReJJL oFIPjgEC28/1wSdy8VbfLG1g64W1hvnJjet3rcyv3ANNYxnFaiH5yt3SDEiLxydS gjCmNcZXyiVsWtpv7atVRO/t/Own+oFB9zz/9mj43Bhm4bnZ2cTno= DomainKey-Signature: a=rsa-sha1; c=nofws; d=gemini.example.com; h=to :subject:message-id:date:from; q=dns; s=mail; b=sFpNxlskyz4MYT38 BA/rQ6ZAcQjhy7STkLPckrCDVVZcE4/zukHyARq7guMtYCCEjXoIbVEtNikPC97F cGpJGGZrppTGjx62N0flxG8hvwejiJYnUJF1EIP4JckGWyEI+21vtWLLQ27eegtN fs9OkIQ2iUPC/4u8N1eqiff0VZU= Received: by gemini.example.com (Postfix, from userid 504) id 8ED7221A0166; Tue, 26 Jan 2010 13:18:53 -0800 (PST) To: [email protected] Subject: Testing this Message-Id: <[email protected] Date: Tue, 26 Jan 2010 13:18:53 -0800 (PST) From: [email protected] Return-Path: [email protected] X-OriginalArrivalTime: 26 Jan 2010 21:18:54.0039 (UTC) FILETIME=[29CEE670:01CA9ECD] AOL: X-AOL-UID: 3158.1902377530 X-AOL-DATE: Tue, 26 Jan 2010 5:07:23 PM Eastern Standard Time Return-Path: Received: from rly-mg06.mx.aol.com (rly-mg06.mail.aol.com [172.20.83.112]) by air-mg06.mail.aol.com (v126.13) with ESMTP id MAILINMG061-a1d4b5f6787a4; Tue, 26 Jan 2010 17:07:22 -0500 Received: from gemini.example.com (gemini.example.com [208.115.108.162]) by rly-mg06.mx.aol.com (v125.7) with ESMTP id MAILRELAYINMG067-a1d4b5f6787a4; Tue, 26 Jan 2010 17:07:04 -0500 Received: from gemini.example.com (gemini [127.0.0.1]) by gemini.example.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 32B3821A0167 for ; Tue, 26 Jan 2010 14:07:03 -0800 (PST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha1; c=relaxed; d=gemini.example.com; h=to :subject:message-id:date:from; s=mail; bh=RL0GLHd3dZ8IlIHoHIhA/U cLtUE=; b=BKg4p3qnaIdFRjAbvUa+Hwcyc6W91v4B4hN95dVymJrxyUBycWMUSC nzKmJ5QllhCYjwO+S7GrRdmlFpjBaK8kt2qmdCyC2UuiDF6xY6MXx/DBF56QpYtZ YDY4kXdiEMSbooH14B4CCPhaCTdC1wCtV0diat3EANCLxSDYAYq5k= DomainKey-Signature: a=rsa-sha1; c=nofws; d=gemini.example.com; h=to :subject:message-id:date:from; q=dns; s=mail; b=fDSjNpfWs7TfGXda uio8qbJIyD+UmPL+C0GM1VeeV8FADj6JiYIT1nT3iBwSHlrLFCJ1wxPbE4d9CGl8 gQkPIV6T4TL7ha052nur0EOWoBLoBAOmhTshF/gsIY+/KMibbIczuRyTgIGVV5Tw GZVGFddVFOYgee7SAu0KNFm7aIk= Received: by gemini.example.com (Postfix, from userid 504) id 2D5F521A0166; Tue, 26 Jan 2010 14:07:03 -0800 (PST) To: [email protected] Subject: Testing Message-Id: <[email protected] Date: Tue, 26 Jan 2010 14:07:03 -0800 (PST) From: [email protected] X-AOL-IP: 208.115.108.162 X-AOL-SCOLL-AUTHENTICATION: mail_rly_antispam_dkim-d227.1 ; domain : gemini.example.com DKIM : pass X-Mailer: Unknown (No Version) Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

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• nginx can't load images,css,js

  - by EquinoX

  When I point to a URL in nginx where it has images extension such as: http://50.56.81.42/phpMyAdmin/themes/original/img/logo_right.png (as example) it gives me the 404 error as it can't find the file, but the file is actually there. What is potentially wrong? UPDATE: Here's the error log that I was able to pull out: 2011/02/27 05:53:29 [error] 18679#0: *225 open() "/usr/local/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin/js/mooRainbow/mooRainbow.css" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 70.176.18.156, server: localhost, request: "GET /phpMyAdmin/js/mooRainbow/mooRainbow.css HTTP/1.1", host: "50.56.81.42", referrer: "http://50.56.81.42/phpMyAdmin/main.php" 2011/02/27 05:53:29 [error] 18679#0: *226 open() "/usr/local/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin/print.css" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 70.176.18.156, server: localhost, request: "GET /phpMyAdmin/print.css HTTP/1.1", host: "50.56.81.42", referrer: "http://50.56.81.42/phpMyAdmin/main.php" 2011/02/27 05:53:29 [error] 18679#0: *228 open() "/usr/local/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin/themes/original/img/logo_right.png" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 70.176.18.156, server: localhost, request: "GET /phpMyAdmin/themes/original/img/logo_right.png HTTP/1.1", host: "50.56.81.42", referrer: "http://50.56.81.42/phpMyAdmin/main.php" 2011/02/27 05:53:29 [error] 18679#0: *223 open() "/usr/local/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin/themes/original/img/b_help.png" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 70.176.18.156, server: localhost, request: "GET /phpMyAdmin/themes/original/img/b_help.png HTTP/1.1", host: "50.56.81.42", referrer: "http://50.56.81.42/phpMyAdmin/main.php" 2011/02/27 05:53:29 [error] 18679#0: *227 open() "/usr/local/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin/themes/original/img/s_warn.png" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 70.176.18.156, server: localhost, request: "GET /phpMyAdmin/themes/original/img/s_warn.png HTTP/1.1", host: "50.56.81.42", referrer: "http://50.56.81.42/phpMyAdmin/main.php" 2011/02/27 05:53:29 [error] 18679#0: *227 open() "/usr/local/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin/favicon.ico" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 70.176.18.156, server: localhost, request: "GET /phpMyAdmin/favicon.ico HTTP/1.1", host: "50.56.81.42" 2011/02/27 05:54:39 [error] 18679#0: *237 open() "/usr/local/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin/print.css" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 70.176.18.156, server: localhost, request: "GET /phpMyAdmin/print.css HTTP/1.1", host: "50.56.81.42", referrer: "http://50.56.81.42/phpMyAdmin/main.php" 2011/02/27 05:54:39 [error] 18679#0: *235 open() "/usr/local/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin/js/mooRainbow/mooRainbow.css" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 70.176.18.156, server: localhost, request: "GET /phpMyAdmin/js/mooRainbow/mooRainbow.css HTTP/1.1", host: "50.56.81.42", referrer: "http://50.56.81.42/phpMyAdmin/main.php" 2011/02/27 05:54:39 [error] 18679#0: *238 open() "/usr/local/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin/themes/original/img/logo_right.png" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 70.176.18.156, server: localhost, request: "GET /phpMyAdmin/themes/original/img/logo_right.png HTTP/1.1", host: "50.56.81.42", referrer: "http://50.56.81.42/phpMyAdmin/main.php" 2011/02/27 05:54:39 [error] 18679#0: *239 open() "/usr/local/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin/themes/original/img/b_help.png" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 70.176.18.156, server: localhost, request: "GET /phpMyAdmin/themes/original/img/b_help.png HTTP/1.1", host: "50.56.81.42", referrer: "http://50.56.81.42/phpMyAdmin/main.php" 2011/02/27 05:54:39 [error] 18679#0: *233 open() "/usr/local/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin/themes/original/img/s_warn.png" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 70.176.18.156, server: localhost, request: "GET /phpMyAdmin/themes/original/img/s_warn.png HTTP/1.1", host: "50.56.81.42", referrer: "http://50.56.81.42/phpMyAdmin/main.php" 2011/02/27 05:54:39 [error] 18679#0: *233 open() "/usr/local/nginx/html/phpMyAdmin/favicon.ico" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 70.176.18.156, server: localhost, request: "GET /phpMyAdmin/favicon.ico HTTP/1.1", host: "50.56.81.42" Here's my nginx.conf file, in case I am missing something: #user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } location ~ \.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|html)$ { expires max; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { root /usr/share/nginx/html; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443; # server_name localhost; # ssl on; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; # ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} } What does this mean? It can't pull out the .css, etc....

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• Can't deploy rails 4 app on Bluehost with Passenger 4 and nginx

  - by user2205763

  I am at Bluehost (dedicated server) trying to run a rails 4 app. I asked to have my server re-imaged, specifying that I do not want rails, ruby, or passenger install automatically as I wanted to install the latest versions myself using a version manager (Bluehost by default offers rails 2.3, ruby 1.8, and passenger 3, which won't work with my app). I installed ruby 1.9.3p327, rails 4.0.0, and passenger 4.0.5. I can verify this by typing, "ruby -v", "rails -v", and "passenger -v" (also "gem -v"). I made sure to install these not as root, so that I don't get a 403 forbidden error when trying to deploy the app. I installed passenger by typing "gem install passenger", and then installed the nginx passenger module (into "/nginx") with "passenger-install-nginx-module". I am trying to run my rails app on a subdomain, http://development.thegraduate.hk (I am using the subdomain to show my client progress on the website). In bluehost I created that subdomain, and had it point to "public_html/thegraduate". I then created a symlink from "rails_apps/thegraduate/public" to "public_html/thegraduate" and verified that the symlink exists. The problem is: when I go to http://development.thegraduate.hk, I get a directory listing. There is nothing resembling a rails app. I have not added a .htaccess file to /rails_apps/thegraduate/public, as that was never specified in the installation of passenger. It was meant to be 'install and go'. When I type "passenger-memory-status", I get 3 things: - Apache processes (7) - Nginx processes (0) - Passenger processes (0) So it appears that nginx and passenger are not running, and I can't figure out how to get it to run (I'm not looking to have it run as a standalone server). Here is my nginx.conf file (/nginx/conf/nginx.conf): #user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { passenger_root /home/thegrad4/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p327/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/passenger-4.0.5; passenger_ruby /home/thegrad4/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p327/bin/ruby; include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; server { listen 80; server_name development.thegraduate.hk; root ~/rails_apps/thegraduate/public; passenger_enabled on; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443; # server_name localhost; # ssl on; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} } I don't get any errors, just the directory listing. I've tried to be as detailed as possible. Any help on this issue would be greatly appreciated as I've been stumped for the past 3 days. Scouring the web has not helped as my issue seems to be specific to me. Thanks so much. If there are any potential details I forgot to specify, just ask. ** ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ** Going to development.thegraduate.hk/public/ will correctly display the index.html page in /rails_apps/thegraduate/public. However, changing root in the routes.rb file to "root = 'home#index'" does nothing.

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• php5.4 + freebsd8.3+nginx can't get errors

  - by Alexey Perepechko

  I have a confusing behaviour. I can't get any error into log file or screen. I made a file index.php with content like this: "<?php a();".Normally, I will get message like this: "Call to undefined function a()" but when I called this script on my configuration I got nothing. Only white screen and empty logs. I checked all rights. I turned on all possible log file. Nothing. Please help me. My configuration is: freebsd 8.3-RELEASE PHP 5.4.7 (fpm-fcgi) nginx version: nginx/1.2.4 FPM-config [global] pid = run/php-fpm.pid error_log = log/php-fpm.log log_level = notice emergency_restart_threshold = 5 emergency_restart_interval = 2 process_control_timeout = 2 daemonize = yes events.mechanism = kqueue [puser] listen = /usr/local/www/host/tmp/php-fpm.sock; listen.backlog = -1 listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 listen.owner = puser listen.group = puser listen.mode = 0666 user = puser group = puser pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 30 pm.start_servers = 2 pm.min_spare_servers = 2 pm.max_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_requests = 50 slowlog = /usr/local/www/host/logs/fpm.log.slow request_slowlog_timeout = 1s rlimit_files = 1024 rlimit_core = 0 chroot = /usr/local/www/host/ catch_workers_output = yes env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME env[TMP] = /tmp env[TMPDIR] = /tmp env[TEMP] = /tmp php_admin_value[upload_tmp_dir] = /tmp php_admin_value[cgi.fix_pathinfo] = 0 php_admin_value[date.timezone]= 'Europe/Moscow' php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 320m php_admin_value[max_execution_time] = 180 php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on php_admin_value[error_log] = /logs/fpm-err.log php_admin_value[error_reporting] = 'E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE' php_admin_value[display_errors] = on php_admin_flag[display_startup_errors] = on NGINX config user www; worker_processes 2; worker_rlimit_nofile 80000; error_log /var/log/nginx_error.log notice; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 2048; use kqueue; } http { server_tokens off; client_max_body_size 4m; include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; charset utf-8; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; log_format IP .$remote_addr.; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request $request_body ' '"$status" $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; reset_timedout_connection on; server { listen 80; server_name www.example.com; access_log /usr/local/www/host/logs/access.log main; error_log /usr/local/www/host/logs/error.log error; error_page 500 502 503 504 /errors/50x.html; error_page 404 /errors/404.html; root /usr/local/www/host/htdocs; index index.php index.html index.htm; location / { index index.html index.php; try_files $uri /index.php?$args; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(.*)$; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; fastcgi_pass unix:/usr/local/www/host/tmp/php-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /htdocs$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info; fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED /htdocs$fastcgi_script_name; include /usr/local/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; } } } PHP config (php.ini) [PHP] engine = On short_open_tag = On asp_tags = Off precision = 14 y2k_compliance = On output_buffering = 4096 zlib.output_compression = Off implicit_flush = Off unserialize_callback_func = serialize_precision = 100 allow_call_time_pass_reference = Off safe_mode = Off safe_mode_gid = Off safe_mode_include_dir = safe_mode_exec_dir = safe_mode_allowed_env_vars = PHP_ safe_mode_protected_env_vars = LD_LIBRARY_PATH disable_functions = dl,system,exec,passthru,shell_exec disable_classes = expose_php = On max_execution_time = 30 max_input_time = 60 memory_limit = 128M error_reporting = E_ALL display_errors = On display_startup_errors = On log_errors = On log_errors_max_len = 1024 ignore_repeated_errors = Off ignore_repeated_source = Off report_memleaks = On track_errors = On error_log = /var/log/php-fpm-error.log variables_order = "GPCS" request_order = "GP" register_globals = Off register_long_arrays = Off register_argc_argv = Off auto_globals_jit = On post_max_size = 8M magic_quotes_gpc = Off magic_quotes_runtime = Off magic_quotes_sybase = Off auto_prepend_file = auto_append_file = default_mimetype = "text/html" doc_root = user_dir = enable_dl = Off file_uploads = On upload_max_filesize = 2M max_file_uploads = 20 allow_url_fopen = On allow_url_include = Off default_socket_timeout = 60 [Date] date.timezone = Europe/Moscow [filter] [iconv] [intl] [sqlite] [sqlite3] [Pcre] [Pdo] [Pdo_mysql] [Phar] [Syslog] define_syslog_variables = Off [mail function] SMTP = localhost smtp_port = 25 mail.add_x_header = On [SQL] sql.safe_mode = Off [ODBC] odbc.allow_persistent = On odbc.check_persistent = On odbc.max_persistent = -1 odbc.max_links = -1 odbc.defaultlrl = 4096 odbc.defaultbinmode = 1 [Interbase] [MySQL] mysql.allow_local_infile = On mysql.allow_persistent = On mysql.cache_size = 2000 mysql.max_persistent = -1 mysql.max_links = -1 mysql.default_port = mysql.default_socket = mysql.default_host = mysql.default_user = mysql.default_password = mysql.connect_timeout = 60 mysql.trace_mode = Off [MySQLi] mysqli.max_persistent = -1 mysqli.allow_persistent = On mysqli.max_links = -1 mysqli.cache_size = 2000 mysqli.default_port = 3306 mysqli.default_socket = mysqli.default_host = mysqli.default_user = mysqli.default_pw = mysqli.reconnect = Off [mysqlnd] mysqlnd.collect_statistics = On mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics = Off [OCI8] [PostgresSQL] pgsql.allow_persistent = On pgsql.auto_reset_persistent = Off pgsql.max_persistent = -1 pgsql.max_links = -1 pgsql.ignore_notice = 0 pgsql.log_notice = 0 [Sybase-CT] sybct.allow_persistent = On sybct.max_persistent = -1 sybct.max_links = -1 sybct.min_server_severity = 10 sybct.min_client_severity = 10 [bcmath] bcmath.scale = 0 [browscap] [Session] session.save_handler = files session.use_cookies = 1 session.use_only_cookies = 1 session.name = PHPSESSID session.auto_start = 0 session.cookie_lifetime = 0 session.cookie_path = / session.cookie_domain = session.cookie_httponly = session.serialize_handler = php session.gc_probability = 1 session.gc_divisor = 1000 session.gc_maxlifetime = 1440 session.bug_compat_42 = Off session.bug_compat_warn = Off session.referer_check = session.entropy_length = 0 session.cache_limiter = nocache session.cache_expire = 180 session.use_trans_sid = 0 session.hash_function = 0 session.hash_bits_per_character = 5 url_rewriter.tags = "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry" [MSSQL] mssql.allow_persistent = On mssql.max_persistent = -1 mssql.max_links = -1 mssql.min_error_severity = 10 mssql.min_message_severity = 10 mssql.compatability_mode = Off mssql.secure_connection = Off [Assertion] [COM] [mbstring] [gd] [exif] [Tidy] tidy.clean_output = Off [soap] soap.wsdl_cache_enabled=1 soap.wsdl_cache_dir="/tmp" soap.wsdl_cache_ttl=86400 soap.wsdl_cache_limit = 5 [sysvshm] [ldap] ldap.max_links = -1 [mcrypt] [dba] I need to get errors on display and detailed record in the error.log.

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• Nginx no static files after update

  - by SomeoneS

  First, i must say that i am not expert in server administration, my site was setup by hosting admins (that i cannot contact anymore). Few days ago, i updated Nginx to latest version (admin told me that it is safe to do). But after that, my site serves only html content, no CSS, images, JS. If i try to open some image i get message "Wellcome to Nginx" (same thin if i try to open static.mysitedomain.com). More details: Site has static. subdomain, but static files are in same directory as they used to be before setting up static files. I was googling for some solutions, i tried to change something in /etc/nginx/, but no luck. I feel that this is some minor configuration problem, any ideas? EDIT: Here is /etc/nginx/nginx.conf file content: user www-data; worker_processes 4; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 768; # multi_accept on; } http { ## # Basic Settings ## sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; # server_tokens off; # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; # server_name_in_redirect off; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; ## # Logging Settings ## access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; ## # Gzip Settings ## gzip on; gzip_disable "msie6"; # gzip_vary on; # gzip_proxied any; # gzip_comp_level 6; # gzip_buffers 16 8k; # gzip_http_version 1.1; # gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; ## # nginx-naxsi config ## # Uncomment it if you installed nginx-naxsi ## #include /etc/nginx/naxsi_core.rules; ## # nginx-passenger config ## # Uncomment it if you installed nginx-passenger ## #passenger_root /usr; #passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby; ## # Virtual Host Configs ## include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; } Here is /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default file content: server { #listen 80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied #listen [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6 root /usr/share/nginx/www; index index.html index.htm; # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name localhost; location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to index.html try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules } location /doc/ { alias /usr/share/doc/; autoindex on; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } # Only for nginx-naxsi : process denied requests #location /RequestDenied { # For example, return an error code #return 418; #} #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # #error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; #location = /50x.html { # root /usr/share/nginx/www; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; # # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini # # # With php5-cgi alone: # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # # With php5-fpm: # fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; # fastcgi_index index.php; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # # location / { # try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443; # server_name localhost; # # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # # ssl on; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # # ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1; # ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv3:+EXP; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # # location / { # try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; # } #}

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• BugZilla XML RPC Interface

  - by Damo

  I am attempting to setup BugZilla to receive but reports from another system using the XML-RPC interface. BugZilla works fine on its own with its own interface. When I attempt to test the XML-RPC functionality by accessing "xmlrpc.cgi" in my browser I get the error: The XML-RPC Interface feature is not available in this Bugzilla at C:\BugZilla\xmlrpc.cgi line 27 main::BEGIN(...) called at C:\BugZilla\xmlrpc.cgi line 29 eval {...} called at C:\BugZilla\xmlrpc.cgi line 29 Following this I install test-taint package from the default perl repository, this installs version 1.04. Re-running "xmlrpc.cgi" gives me an IIS error: 502 - Web server received an invalid response while acting as a gateway or proxy server. There is a problem with the page you are looking for, and it cannot be displayed. When the Web server (while acting as a gateway or proxy) contacted the upstream content server, it received an invalid response from the content server. So I run the checksetup.pl which inform me that: Use of uninitialized value in open at C:/Perl/site/lib/Test/Taint.pm line 334, <DATA> line 558. Installing Test-Taint from CPAN is the same. I assume XML-RPC is relent on Test-Taint, but Test-Taint doesn't seem to run correctly. If I ignore this error and attempt to invoke "bz_webservice_demo.pl" to add an entry the script times out. How can I get the XML-RPC / Test-Taint function working ? Current Setup: IIS7.5 on Windows Server 2008 Bugzilla 4.2.2 Perl 5.14.2 C:\BugZilla>perl checksetup.pl Set up gcc environment - 3.4.5 (mingw-vista special r3) * This is Bugzilla 4.2.2 on perl 5.14.2 * Running on Win2008 Build 6002 (Service Pack 2) Checking perl modules... Checking for CGI.pm (v3.51) ok: found v3.59 Checking for Digest-SHA (any) ok: found v5.62 Checking for TimeDate (v2.21) ok: found v2.24 Checking for DateTime (v0.28) ok: found v0.76 Checking for DateTime-TimeZone (v0.79) ok: found v1.48 Checking for DBI (v1.614) ok: found v1.622 Checking for Template-Toolkit (v2.22) ok: found v2.24 Checking for Email-Send (v2.16) ok: found v2.198 Checking for Email-MIME (v1.904) ok: found v1.911 Checking for URI (v1.37) ok: found v1.59 Checking for List-MoreUtils (v0.22) ok: found v0.33 Checking for Math-Random-ISAAC (v1.0.1) ok: found v1.004 Checking for Win32 (v0.35) ok: found v0.44 Checking for Win32-API (v0.55) ok: found v0.64 Checking available perl DBD modules... Checking for DBD-Pg (v1.45) ok: found v2.18.1 Checking for DBD-mysql (v4.001) ok: found v4.021 Checking for DBD-SQLite (v1.29) ok: found v1.33 Checking for DBD-Oracle (v1.19) ok: found v1.30 The following Perl modules are optional: Checking for GD (v1.20) ok: found v2.46 Checking for Chart (v2.1) ok: found v2.4.5 Checking for Template-GD (any) ok: found v1.56 Checking for GDTextUtil (any) ok: found v0.86 Checking for GDGraph (any) ok: found v1.44 Checking for MIME-tools (v5.406) ok: found v5.503 Checking for libwww-perl (any) ok: found v6.02 Checking for XML-Twig (any) ok: found v3.41 Checking for PatchReader (v0.9.6) ok: found v0.9.6 Checking for perl-ldap (any) ok: found v0.44 Checking for Authen-SASL (any) ok: found v2.15 Checking for RadiusPerl (any) ok: found v0.20 Checking for SOAP-Lite (v0.712) ok: found v0.715 Checking for JSON-RPC (any) ok: found v0.96 Checking for JSON-XS (v2.0) ok: found v2.32 Use of uninitialized value in open at C:/Perl/site/lib/Test/Taint.pm line 334, <DATA> line 558. Checking for Test-Taint (any) ok: found v1.04 Checking for HTML-Parser (v3.67) ok: found v3.68 Checking for HTML-Scrubber (any) ok: found v0.09 Checking for Encode (v2.21) ok: found v2.44 Checking for Encode-Detect (any) not found Checking for Email-MIME-Attachment-Stripper (any) ok: found v1.316 Checking for Email-Reply (any) ok: found v1.202 Checking for TheSchwartz (any) not found Checking for Daemon-Generic (any) not found Checking for mod_perl (v1.999022) not found Checking for Apache-SizeLimit (v0.96) not found *********************************************************************** * OPTIONAL MODULES * *********************************************************************** * Certain Perl modules are not required by Bugzilla, but by * * installing the latest version you gain access to additional * * features. * * * * The optional modules you do not have installed are listed below, * * with the name of the feature they enable. Below that table are the * * commands to install each module. * *********************************************************************** * MODULE NAME * ENABLES FEATURE(S) * *********************************************************************** * Encode-Detect * Automatic charset detection for text attachments * * TheSchwartz * Mail Queueing * * Daemon-Generic * Mail Queueing * * mod_perl * mod_perl * * Apache-SizeLimit * mod_perl * *********************************************************************** COMMANDS TO INSTALL OPTIONAL MODULES: Encode-Detect: ppm install Encode-Detect TheSchwartz: ppm install TheSchwartz Daemon-Generic: ppm install Daemon-Generic mod_perl: ppm install mod_perl Apache-SizeLimit: ppm install Apache-SizeLimit Reading ./localconfig... OPTIONAL NOTE: If you want to be able to use the 'difference between two patches' feature of Bugzilla (which requires the PatchReader Perl module as well), you should install patchutils from: http://cyberelk.net/tim/patchutils/ Checking for DBD-mysql (v4.001) ok: found v4.021 Checking for MySQL (v5.0.15) ok: found v5.5.27 WARNING: You need to set the max_allowed_packet parameter in your MySQL configuration to at least 3276750. Currently it is set to 3275776. You can set this parameter in the [mysqld] section of your MySQL configuration file. Removing existing compiled templates... Precompiling templates...done. checksetup.pl complete.

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• Nginx HTTPS redirects causing loop

  - by Ben Chiappetta

  I've been banging my head against the wall trying to figure this out, so if anyone can help I'd appreciate it. My Nginx conf has three different redirect loops, haven't been able to get any of the three to work right. The three problem areas are: Redirecting memcache directory to SSL Redirecting accounts directory to SSL Redirecting SSL to www if non-www nginx.conf: user nginx; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 65; proxy_set_header X-Url-Scheme $scheme; #gzip on; rewrite_log on; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; } conf.d/default.conf: server { listen 80; server_name <redacted>.net; rewrite ^(.*) http://www.<redacted>.net$1; } server { listen 80; server_name www.<redacted>.net; set_real_ip_from 192.168.30.4; set_real_ip_from 192.168.30.5; set_real_ip_from 192.168.30.10; real_ip_header X-Forwarded-For; #charset koi8-r; access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log main; root /var/www/html; index index.php index.html index.htm; location =/memcache { rewrite ^/(.*)$ https://$server_name$request_uri? permanent; } location /accounts { rewrite ^/(.*)$ https://$server_name$request_uri? permanent; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { } # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; try_files $uri = 404; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } conf.d/ssl.conf: # HTTPS server # server { listen 443; server_name <redacted>.net; rewrite ^(.*) https://www.<redacted>.net$1; } server { listen 443 default_server ssl; server_name www.<redacted>.net; set_real_ip_from 192.168.30.4; set_real_ip_from 192.168.30.5; set_real_ip_from 192.168.30.10; real_ip_header X-Forwarded-For; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded_Proto https; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_redirect off; proxy_max_temp_file_size 0; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Ssl on; set $https_enabled on; ssl_certificate <redacted>.crt; ssl_certificate_key <redacted>.key; ssl_session_timeout 5m; ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; root /var/www/html; index index.php index.html index.htm; location /memcache { auth_basic "Restricted"; auth_basic_user_file $document_root/memcache/.htpasswd; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param HTTPS on; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; try_files $uri = 404; } }

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• WiX 3 Tutorial: Understanding main WXS and WXI file

  - by Mladen Prajdic

  In the previous post we’ve taken a look at the WiX solution/project structure and project properties. We’re still playing with our super SuperForm application and today we’ll take a look at the general parts of the main wxs file, SuperForm.wxs, and the wxi include file. For wxs file we’ll just go over the general description of what each part does in the code comments. The more detailed descriptions will be in future posts about features themselves. WXI include file Include files are exactly what their name implies. To include a wxi file into the wxs file you have to put the wxi at the beginning of each .wxs file you wish to include it in. If you’ve ever worked with C++ you can think of the include files as .h files. For example if you include SuperFormVariables.wxi into the SuperForm.wxs, the variables in the wxi won’t be seen in FilesFragment.wxs or RegistryFragment.wxs. You’d have to include it manually into those two wxs files too. For preprocessor variable $(var.VariableName) to be seen by every file in the project you have to include them in the WiX project properties->Build->“Define preprocessor variables” textbox. This is why I’ve chosen not to go this route because in multi developer teams not everyone has the same directory structure and having a single variable would mean each developer would have to checkout the wixproj file to edit the variable. This is pretty much unacceptable by my standards. This is why we’ve added a System Environment variable named SuperFormFilesDir as is shown in the previous Wix Tutorial post. Because the FilesFragment.wxs is autogenerated on every project build we don’t want to change it manually each time by adding the include wxi at the beginning of the file. This way we couldn’t recreate it in each pre-build event. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><Include> <!-- Versioning. These have to be changed for upgrades. It's not enough to just include newer files. --> <?define MajorVersion="1" ?> <?define MinorVersion="0" ?> <?define BuildVersion="0" ?> <!-- Revision is NOT used by WiX in the upgrade procedure --> <?define Revision="0" ?> <!-- Full version number to display --> <?define VersionNumber="$(var.MajorVersion).$(var.MinorVersion).$(var.BuildVersion).$(var.Revision)" ?> <!-- Upgrade code HAS to be the same for all updates. Once you've chosen it don't change it. --> <?define UpgradeCode="YOUR-GUID-HERE" ?> <!-- Path to the resources directory. resources don't really need to be included in the project structure but I like to include them for for clarity --> <?define ResourcesDir="$(var.ProjectDir)\Resources" ?> <!-- The name of your application exe file. This will be used to kill the process when updating and creating the desktop shortcut --> <?define ExeProcessName="SuperForm.MainApp.exe" ?></Include> For now there’s no way to tell WiX in Visual Studio to have a wxi include file available to the whole project, so you have to include it in each file separately. Only variables set in “Define preprocessor variables” or System Environment variables are accessible to the whole project for now. The main WXS file: SuperForm.wxs We’ll only take a look at the general structure of the main SuperForm.wxs and not its the details. We’ll cover the details in future posts. The code comments should provide plenty info about what each part does in general. Basically there are 5 major parts. The update part, the conditions and actions part, the UI install sequence, the directory structure and the features we want to include. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!-- Add xmlns:util namespace definition to be able to use stuff from WixUtilExtension dll--><Wix xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/wix/2006/wi" xmlns:util="http://schemas.microsoft.com/wix/UtilExtension"> <!-- This is how we include wxi files --> <?include $(sys.CURRENTDIR)Includes\SuperFormVariables.wxi ?> <!-- Id="*" is to enable upgrading. * means that the product ID will be autogenerated on each build. Name is made of localized product name and version number. --> <Product Id="*" Name="!(loc.ProductName) $(var.VersionNumber)" Language="!(loc.LANG)" Version="$(var.VersionNumber)" Manufacturer="!(loc.ManufacturerName)" UpgradeCode="$(var.UpgradeCode)"> <!-- Define the minimum supported installer version (3.0) and that the install should be done for the whole machine not just the current user --> <Package InstallerVersion="300" Compressed="yes" InstallScope="perMachine"/> <Media Id="1" Cabinet="media1.cab" EmbedCab="yes" /> <!-- Upgrade settings. This will be explained in more detail in a future post --> <Upgrade Id="$(var.UpgradeCode)"> <UpgradeVersion OnlyDetect="yes" Minimum="$(var.VersionNumber)" IncludeMinimum="no" Property="NEWER_VERSION_FOUND" /> <UpgradeVersion Minimum="0.0.0.0" IncludeMinimum="yes" Maximum="$(var.VersionNumber)" IncludeMaximum="no" Property="OLDER_VERSION_FOUND" /> </Upgrade> <!-- Reference the global NETFRAMEWORK35 property to check if it exists --> <PropertyRef Id="NETFRAMEWORK35"/> <!-- Startup conditions that checks if .Net Framework 3.5 is installed or if we're running the OS higher than Windows XP SP2. If not the installation is aborted. By doing the (Installed OR ...) property means that this condition will only be evaluated if the app is being installed and not on uninstall or changing --> <Condition Message="!(loc.DotNetFrameworkNeeded)"> <![CDATA[Installed OR NETFRAMEWORK35]]> </Condition> <Condition Message="!(loc.AppNotSupported)"> <![CDATA[Installed OR ((VersionNT >= 501 AND ServicePackLevel >= 2) OR (VersionNT >= 502))]]> </Condition> <!-- This custom action in the InstallExecuteSequence is needed to stop silent install (passing /qb to msiexec) from going around it. --> <CustomAction Id="NewerVersionFound" Error="!(loc.SuperFormNewerVersionInstalled)" /> <InstallExecuteSequence> <!-- Check for newer versions with FindRelatedProducts and execute the custom action after it --> <Custom Action="NewerVersionFound" After="FindRelatedProducts"> <![CDATA[NEWER_VERSION_FOUND]]> </Custom> <!-- Remove the previous versions of the product --> <RemoveExistingProducts After="InstallInitialize"/> <!-- WixCloseApplications is a built in custom action that uses util:CloseApplication below --> <Custom Action="WixCloseApplications" Before="InstallInitialize" /> </InstallExecuteSequence> <!-- This will ask the user to close the SuperForm app if it's running while upgrading --> <util:CloseApplication Id="CloseSuperForm" CloseMessage="no" Description="!(loc.MustCloseSuperForm)" ElevatedCloseMessage="no" RebootPrompt="no" Target="$(var.ExeProcessName)" /> <!-- Use the built in WixUI_InstallDir GUI --> <UIRef Id="WixUI_InstallDir" /> <UI> <!-- These dialog references are needed for CloseApplication above to work correctly --> <DialogRef Id="FilesInUse" /> <DialogRef Id="MsiRMFilesInUse" /> <!-- Here we'll add the GUI logic for installation and updating in a future post--> </UI> <!-- Set the icon to show next to the program name in Add/Remove programs --> <Icon Id="SuperFormIcon.ico" SourceFile="$(var.ResourcesDir)\Exclam.ico" /> <Property Id="ARPPRODUCTICON" Value="SuperFormIcon.ico" /> <!-- Installer UI custom pictures. File names are made up. Add path to your pics. –> <!-- <WixVariable Id="WixUIDialogBmp" Value="MyAppLogo.jpg" /> <WixVariable Id="WixUIBannerBmp" Value="installBanner.jpg" /> --> <!-- the default directory structure --> <Directory Id="TARGETDIR" Name="SourceDir"> <Directory Id="ProgramFilesFolder"> <Directory Id="INSTALLLOCATION" Name="!(loc.ProductName)" /> </Directory> </Directory> <!-- Set the default install location to the value of INSTALLLOCATION (usually c:\Program Files\YourProductName) --> <Property Id="WIXUI_INSTALLDIR" Value="INSTALLLOCATION" /> <!-- Set the components defined in our fragment files that will be used for our feature --> <Feature Id="SuperFormFeature" Title="!(loc.ProductName)" Level="1"> <ComponentGroupRef Id="SuperFormFiles" /> <ComponentRef Id="cmpVersionInRegistry" /> <ComponentRef Id="cmpIsThisUpdateInRegistry" /> </Feature> </Product></Wix> For more info on what certain attributes mean you should look into the WiX Documentation.   WiX 3 tutorial by Mladen Prajdic navigation WiX 3 Tutorial: Solution/Project structure and Dev resources WiX 3 Tutorial: Understanding main wxs and wxi file WiX 3 Tutorial: Generating file/directory fragments with Heat.exe

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• 500 Metro Style WP7 Icons

  - by Bil Simser

  I was inspired by The Noun Project, a project that offers up “Metro-style” icons in SVG format. The project is licensed under a public domain license and while it’s a great project, all of the content is in SVG format. Jon Galloway has a great post (from 2007) talking about the differences between SVG and XAML so I highly recommend that for some background. I thought it would be helpful to the WPF/Windows Phone 7/Silverlight community to provide the content in alternative formats for use in your applications. The Goods I’ve put together a package of the 500 icons (502 actually) in PNG, XAML and the original SVG format along with a couple of sample projects so you can see them in action. There’s a WPF desktop app: And a Windows Phone 7 app: Building It To get all the content first I wrote up a quick program to suck the original SVG files. Luckily they’re all in a common path just named 1.SVG, 2.SVG, and so on. Easy sleazy to grab the contents. Once I had 500 SVG files I used the latest copy of XamlTune, an open source CodePlex project that has a command line conversion tool to convert the directory of SVG files into XAML (the tool also created a PNG file of each SVG so that’s just icing on the cake). Conversions The conversion from SVG to XAML isn’t 100%. While you can just drop the content into a WPF app, it doesn’t work that way for WP7. There are just some small adjustments I made to each format so you’ll have to do the same. Follow the information below or refer to the sample applications. As a sample, here’s an icon we want to use: Here’s the original SVG file: <svg version="1.0" id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="100px" height="94.616px" viewBox="0 0 100 94.616" enable-background="new 0 0 100 94.616" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M25.076,15.639c4.324,0.009,7.824-3.488,7.82-7.82C32.9,3.512,29.4,0.012,25.076,0c-4.313,0.012-7.814,3.512-7.821,7.819 C17.262,12.15,20.763,15.648,25.076,15.639L25.076,15.639z"/> <path d="M4.593,43.388h6.861l4.137-15.135h1.716L13.22,43.388h24.318l-4.389-15.135h1.817l2.32,7.415 c1.08,3.131,3.852,3.851,6.003,1.162l8.375-10.142c2.651-3.42-2.104-7.021-4.844-4.035l-4.993,5.952 c0.007,0.095-0.96-3.278-0.96-3.278c-1.135-3.978-4.918-7.903-10.595-7.922H19.576c-5.071,0.019-9.043,4.434-9.888,7.214 L4.593,43.388L4.593,43.388z"/> <polygon points="56.206,22.753 56.206,7.163 49.192,7.163 49.192,22.753 56.206,22.753 "/> <path d="M79.87,15.738c4.332-0.014,7.831-3.516,7.82-7.82c0.011-4.332-3.488-7.833-7.82-7.82c-4.306-0.013-7.806,3.488-7.821,7.82 C72.064,12.222,75.564,15.725,79.87,15.738L79.87,15.738z"/> <path d="M89.759,89.556v-43.19h5.751V22.804c0.007-3.079-2.757-5.448-6.71-5.449H70.436c-3.65,0.001-4.539,1.186-5.551,2.168 L49.597,37.889c-3.098,3.848,2.428,8.333,5.55,4.743L69.88,25.226v64.43c-0.019,6.475,9.06,6.686,9.081,0.201v-36.58h1.765v36.379 C80.748,96.109,89.772,96.13,89.759,89.556L89.759,89.556z"/> <polygon points="100,54.035 100,45.155 0,45.155 0,54.035 100,54.035 "/> </svg> Here’s the XAML that XamlTune created. It can be used in any WPF app without any changes: <Canvas Name="Layer_1" Width="100" Height="94.616" ClipToBounds="True" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"> <Path Fill="#FF000000"> <Path.Data> <PathGeometry FillRule="Nonzero" Figures="M25.076,15.639C29.4,15.648 32.9,12.151 32.896,7.819 32.9,3.512 29.4,0.012 25.076,0 20.763,0.012 17.262,3.512 17.255,7.819 17.262,12.15 20.763,15.648 25.076,15.639L25.076,15.639z" /> </Path.Data> </Path> <Path Fill="#FF000000"> <Path.Data> <PathGeometry FillRule="Nonzero" Figures="M4.593,43.388L11.454,43.388 15.591,28.253 17.307,28.253 13.22,43.388 37.538,43.388 33.149,28.253 34.966,28.253 37.286,35.668C38.366,38.799,41.138,39.519,43.289,36.83L51.664,26.688C54.315,23.268,49.56,19.667,46.82,22.653L41.827,28.605C41.834,28.7 40.867,25.327 40.867,25.327 39.732,21.349 35.949,17.424 30.272,17.405L19.576,17.405C14.505,17.424,10.533,21.839,9.688,24.619L4.593,43.388 4.593,43.388z" /> </Path.Data> </Path> <Path Fill="#FF000000"> <Path.Data> <PathGeometry FillRule="Nonzero" Figures="M56.206,22.753L56.206,7.163 49.192,7.163 49.192,22.753 56.206,22.753z" /> </Path.Data> </Path> <Path Fill="#FF000000"> <Path.Data> <PathGeometry FillRule="Nonzero" Figures="M79.87,15.738C84.202,15.724 87.701,12.222 87.69,7.918 87.701,3.586 84.202,0.0849999999999991 79.87,0.097999999999999 75.564,0.084999999999999 72.064,3.586 72.049,7.918 72.064,12.222 75.564,15.725 79.87,15.738L79.87,15.738z" /> </Path.Data> </Path> <Path Fill="#FF000000"> <Path.Data> <PathGeometry FillRule="Nonzero" Figures="M89.759,89.556L89.759,46.366 95.51,46.366 95.51,22.804C95.517,19.725,92.753,17.356,88.8,17.355L70.436,17.355C66.786,17.356,65.897,18.541,64.885,19.523L49.597,37.889C46.499,41.737,52.025,46.222,55.147,42.632L69.88,25.226 69.88,89.656C69.861,96.131,78.94,96.342,78.961,89.857L78.961,53.277 80.726,53.277 80.726,89.656C80.748,96.109,89.772,96.13,89.759,89.556L89.759,89.556z" /> </Path.Data> </Path> <Path Fill="#FF000000"> <Path.Data> <PathGeometry FillRule="Nonzero" Figures="M100,54.035L100,45.155 0,45.155 0,54.035 100,54.035z" /> </Path.Data> </Path> </Canvas> The XAML works AS-IS in a WPF application but there are some changes I did to get it to work in a WP7 app. Here’s the modified XAML in a WP7 application: <Canvas Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" Name="Icon_1" Width="100" Height="94.616"> <Path Fill="#FF000000" Data="M25.076,15.639C29.4,15.648 32.9,12.151 32.896,7.819 32.9,3.512 29.4,0.012 25.076,0 20.763,0.012 17.262,3.512 17.255,7.819 17.262,12.15 20.763,15.648 25.076,15.639L25.076,15.639z"> </Path> <Path Fill="#FF000000" Data="M4.593,43.388L11.454,43.388 15.591,28.253 17.307,28.253 13.22,43.388 37.538,43.388 33.149,28.253 34.966,28.253 37.286,35.668C38.366,38.799,41.138,39.519,43.289,36.83L51.664,26.688C54.315,23.268,49.56,19.667,46.82,22.653L41.827,28.605C41.834,28.7 40.867,25.327 40.867,25.327 39.732,21.349 35.949,17.424 30.272,17.405L19.576,17.405C14.505,17.424,10.533,21.839,9.688,24.619L4.593,43.388 4.593,43.388z"> </Path> <Path Fill="#FF000000" Data="M56.206,22.753L56.206,7.163 49.192,7.163 49.192,22.753 56.206,22.753z"> </Path> <Path Fill="#FF000000" Data="M79.87,15.738C84.202,15.724 87.701,12.222 87.69,7.918 87.701,3.586 84.202,0.0849999999999991 79.87,0.097999999999999 75.564,0.084999999999999 72.064,3.586 72.049,7.918 72.064,12.222 75.564,15.725 79.87,15.738L79.87,15.738z"> </Path> <Path Fill="#FF000000" Data="M89.759,89.556L89.759,46.366 95.51,46.366 95.51,22.804C95.517,19.725,92.753,17.356,88.8,17.355L70.436,17.355C66.786,17.356,65.897,18.541,64.885,19.523L49.597,37.889C46.499,41.737,52.025,46.222,55.147,42.632L69.88,25.226 69.88,89.656C69.861,96.131,78.94,96.342,78.961,89.857L78.961,53.277 80.726,53.277 80.726,89.656C80.748,96.109,89.772,96.13,89.759,89.556L89.759,89.556z"> </Path> <Path Fill="#FF000000" Data="M100,54.035L100,45.155 0,45.155 0,54.035 100,54.035z"> </Path> </Canvas> All I did was take the data portion and put it directly into a Data attribute on the Path. Note that while it does show up in the app (on the emulator or device) it wouldn’t show up in Visual Studio for me. Maybe some XAML guru out there can tell me why. You can just as easily use the PNG files in WP7 but if you want the crispness of vector graphics, go for the XAML version. Of course with XamlTune being open source you could always modify the output of that program to cater it to your app. If you do make a change that’s worthy please consider submitting a patch to the project so everyone can benefit. Hope this helps and happy programming! Resources and Links Sample Project and Icons XamlTune an open source project to convert SVG to XAML The Noun Project source of the original files Jon Galloways post on SVG and XAML StackOverflow question on converting SVG to XAML

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• Loading a PyML multiclass classifier... why isn't this working?

  - by Michael Aaron Safyan

  This is a followup from "Save PyML.classifiers.multi.OneAgainstRest(SVM()) object?". I am using PyML for a computer vision project (pyimgattr), and have been having trouble storing/loading a multiclass classifier. When attempting to load one of the SVMs in a composite classifier, with loadSVM, I am getting: ValueError: invalid literal for float(): rest Note that this does not happen with the first classifier that I load, only with the second. What is causing this error, and what can I do to get around this so that I can properly load the classifier? Details To better understand the trouble I'm running into, you may want to look at pyimgattr.py (currently revision 11). I am invoking the program with "./pyimgattr.py train" which trains the classifier (invokes train on line 571, which trains the classifier with trainmulticlassclassifier on line 490 and saves it with storemulticlassclassifier on line 529), and then invoking the program with "./pyimgattr.py test" which loads the classifier in order to test it with the testing dataset (invokes test on line 628, which invokes loadmulticlassclassifier on line 549). The multiclass classifier consists of several one-against-rest SVMs which are saved individually. The loadmulticlassclassifier function loads these individually by calling loadSVM() on several different files. It is in this call to loadSVM (done indirectly in loadclassifier on line 517) that I get an error. The first of the one-against-rest classifiers loads successfully, but the second one does not. A transcript is as follows: $ ./pyimgattr.py test [INFO] pyimgattr -- Loading attributes from "classifiers/attributes.lst"... [INFO] pyimgattr -- Loading classnames from "classifiers/classnames.lst"... [INFO] pyimgattr -- Loading dataset "attribute_data/apascal_test.txt"... [INFO] pyimgattr -- Loaded dataset "attribute_data/apascal_test.txt". [INFO] pyimgattr -- Loading multiclass classifier from "classifiers/classnames_from_attributes"... [INFO] pyimgattr -- Constructing object into which to store loaded data... [INFO] pyimgattr -- Loading manifest data... [INFO] pyimgattr -- Loading classifier from "classifiers/classnames_from_attributes/aeroplane.svm".... scanned 100 patterns scanned 200 patterns read 100 patterns read 200 patterns {'50': 38, '60': 45, '61': 46, '62': 47, '49': 37, '52': 39, '53': 40, '24': 16, '25': 17, '26': 18, '27': 19, '20': 12, '21': 13, '22': 14, '23': 15, '46': 34, '47': 35, '28': 20, '29': 21, '40': 32, '41': 33, '1': 1, '0': 0, '3': 3, '2': 2, '5': 5, '4': 4, '7': 7, '6': 6, '8': 8, '58': 44, '39': 31, '38': 30, '15': 9, '48': 36, '16': 10, '19': 11, '32': 24, '31': 23, '30': 22, '37': 29, '36': 28, '35': 27, '34': 26, '33': 25, '55': 42, '54': 41, '57': 43} read 250 patterns in LinearSparseSVModel done LinearSparseSVModel constructed model [INFO] pyimgattr -- Loaded classifier from "classifiers/classnames_from_attributes/aeroplane.svm". [INFO] pyimgattr -- Loading classifier from "classifiers/classnames_from_attributes/bicycle.svm".... label at None delimiter , Traceback (most recent call last): File "./pyimgattr.py", line 797, in sys.exit(main(sys.argv)); File "./pyimgattr.py", line 782, in main return test(attributes_file,classnames_file,testing_annotations_file,testing_dataset_path,classifiers_path,logger); File "./pyimgattr.py", line 635, in test multiclass_classnames_from_attributes_classifier = loadmulticlassclassifier(classnames_from_attributes_folder,logger); File "./pyimgattr.py", line 529, in loadmulticlassclassifier classifiers.append(loadclassifier(os.path.join(filename,label+".svm"),logger)); File "./pyimgattr.py", line 502, in loadclassifier result=loadSVM(filename,datasetClass = SparseDataSet); File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/PyML/classifiers/svm.py", line 328, in loadSVM data = datasetClass(fileName, **args) File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/PyML/containers/vectorDatasets.py", line 224, in __init__ BaseVectorDataSet.__init__(self, arg, **args) File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/PyML/containers/baseDatasets.py", line 214, in __init__ self.constructFromFile(arg, **args) File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/PyML/containers/baseDatasets.py", line 243, in constructFromFile for x in parser : File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/PyML/containers/parsers.py", line 426, in next x = [float(token) for token in tokens[self._first:self._last]] ValueError: invalid literal for float(): rest

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• Jboss 5.1.0: java.lang.LinkageError: loader constraint violation for class javax.sql.DataSource

  - by lawrencexu

  have read quite a lot about this error, the reason is 1) more than one jar containing this class have been include into the classpath, 2)include the jar twice or more, but in my case, this class is jdk class, and I have search no this class have been found under my application. any clue would be very helpful. exception stack: 2012-10-31 14:09:58,319 WARN [org.jboss.detailed.classloader.ClassLoaderManager] (http-0.0.0.0-8080-1:) Unexpected error during load of:javax.sql.DataSource java.lang.LinkageError: loader constraint violation: loader (instance of org/jboss/classloader/spi/base/BaseClassLoader) previously initiated loading for a different type with name "javax/sql/DataSource" at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method) at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:631) at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:615) at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.BaseClassLoader.access$200(BaseClassLoader.java:67) at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.BaseClassLoader$2.run(BaseClassLoader.java:633) at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.BaseClassLoader$2.run(BaseClassLoader.java:592) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.BaseClassLoader.loadClassLocally(BaseClassLoader.java:591) at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.BaseClassLoader.loadClassLocally(BaseClassLoader.java:568) at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.BaseDelegateLoader.loadClass(BaseDelegateLoader.java:135) at org.jboss.classloader.spi.filter.FilteredDelegateLoader.loadClass(FilteredDelegateLoader.java:131) at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.ClassLoadingTask$ThreadTask.run(ClassLoadingTask.java:455) at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.ClassLoaderManager.nextTask(ClassLoaderManager.java:267) at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.ClassLoaderManager.process(ClassLoaderManager.java:166) at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.BaseClassLoaderDomain.loadClass(BaseClassLoaderDomain.java:287) at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.BaseClassLoaderDomain.loadClass(BaseClassLoaderDomain.java:1163) at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.BaseClassLoader.loadClassFromDomain(BaseClassLoader.java:862) at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.BaseClassLoader.doLoadClass(BaseClassLoader.java:502) at org.jboss.classloader.spi.base.BaseClassLoader.loadClass(BaseClassLoader.java:447) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:247) at com.lombardrisk.webgui.dwr.ajax_search.UmbrellaNettingFundsSearch.getBranchesByAgreementId(UmbrellaNettingFundsSearch.java:199) at com.lombardrisk.webgui.dwr.ajax_search.UmbrellaNettingFundsSearch.buildConditionOfPrinAndCpty(UmbrellaNettingFundsSearch.java:177) at com.lombardrisk.webgui.dwr.ajax_search.UmbrellaNettingFundsSearch.getFunds(UmbrellaNettingFundsSearch.java:58) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.directwebremoting.impl.ExecuteAjaxFilter.doFilter(ExecuteAjaxFilter.java:34) at org.directwebremoting.impl.DefaultRemoter$1.doFilter(DefaultRemoter.java:428) at org.directwebremoting.impl.DefaultRemoter.execute(DefaultRemoter.java:431) at org.directwebremoting.impl.DefaultRemoter.execute(DefaultRemoter.java:283) at org.directwebremoting.servlet.PlainCallHandler.handle(PlainCallHandler.java:52) at org.directwebremoting.servlet.UrlProcessor.handle(UrlProcessor.java:101) at org.directwebremoting.servlet.DwrServlet.doPost(DwrServlet.java:146) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:637) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at com.lombardrisk.webgui.filter.ValidRequestFilter.doFilter(ValidRequestFilter.java:41) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.filters.ReplyHeaderFilter.doFilter(ReplyHeaderFilter.java:96) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:235) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.SecurityAssociationValve.invoke(SecurityAssociationValve.java:183) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:525) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.JaccContextValve.invoke(JaccContextValve.java:95) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.SecurityContextEstablishmentValve.process(SecurityContextEstablishmentValve.java:126) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.SecurityContextEstablishmentValve.invoke(SecurityContextEstablishmentValve.java:70) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.jca.CachedConnectionValve.invoke(CachedConnectionValve.java:158) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.request.ActiveRequestResponseCacheValve.internalProcess(ActiveRequestResponseCacheValve.java:74) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.request.ActiveRequestResponseCacheValve.invoke(ActiveRequestResponseCacheValve.java:47) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:330) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:829) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:599) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:451) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)

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• Issues with signal handling [closed]

  - by user34790

  I am trying to actually study the signal handling behavior in multiprocess system. I have a system where there are three signal generating processes generating signals of type SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR1. I have two handler processes that handle a particular type of signal. I have another monitoring process that also receives the signals and then does its work. I have a certain issue. Whenever my signal handling processes generate a signal of a particular type, it is sent to the process group so it is received by the signal handling processes as well as the monitoring processes. Whenever the signal handlers of monitoring and signal handling processes are called, I have printed to indicate the signal handling. I was expecting a uniform series of calls for the signal handlers of the monitoring and handling processes. However, looking at the output I could see like at the beginning the monitoring and signal handling processes's signal handlers are called uniformly. However, after I could see like signal handler processes handlers being called in a burst followed by the signal handler of monitoring process being called in a burst. Here is my code and output #include <iostream> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/wait.h> #include <sys/time.h> #include <signal.h> #include <cstdio> #include <stdlib.h> #include <sys/ipc.h> #include <sys/shm.h> #define NUM_SENDER_PROCESSES 3 #define NUM_HANDLER_PROCESSES 4 #define NUM_SIGNAL_REPORT 10 #define MAX_SIGNAL_COUNT 100000 using namespace std; volatile int *usrsig1_handler_count; volatile int *usrsig2_handler_count; volatile int *usrsig1_sender_count; volatile int *usrsig2_sender_count; volatile int *lock_1; volatile int *lock_2; volatile int *lock_3; volatile int *lock_4; volatile int *lock_5; volatile int *lock_6; //Used only by the monitoring process volatile int monitor_count; volatile int usrsig1_monitor_count; volatile int usrsig2_monitor_count; double time_1[NUM_SIGNAL_REPORT]; double time_2[NUM_SIGNAL_REPORT]; //Used only by the main process int total_signal_count; //For shared memory int shmid; const int shareSize = sizeof(int) * (10); double timestamp() { struct timeval tp; gettimeofday(&tp, NULL); return (double)tp.tv_sec + tp.tv_usec / 1000000.; } pid_t senders[NUM_SENDER_PROCESSES]; pid_t handlers[NUM_HANDLER_PROCESSES]; pid_t reporter; void signal_catcher_1(int); void signal_catcher_2(int); void signal_catcher_int(int); void signal_catcher_monitor(int); void signal_catcher_main(int); void terminate_processes() { //Kill the child processes int status; cout << "Time up terminating the child processes" << endl; for(int i=0; i<NUM_SENDER_PROCESSES; i++) { kill(senders[i],SIGKILL); } for(int i=0; i<NUM_HANDLER_PROCESSES; i++) { kill(handlers[i],SIGKILL); } kill(reporter,SIGKILL); //Wait for the child processes to finish for(int i=0; i<NUM_SENDER_PROCESSES; i++) { waitpid(senders[i], &status, 0); } for(int i=0; i<NUM_HANDLER_PROCESSES; i++) { waitpid(handlers[i], &status, 0); } waitpid(reporter, &status, 0); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { if(argc != 2) { cout << "Required parameters missing. " << endl; cout << "Option 1 = 1 which means run for 30 seconds" << endl; cout << "Option 2 = 2 which means run until 100000 signals" << endl; exit(0); } int option = atoi(argv[1]); pid_t pid; if(option == 2) { if(signal(SIGUSR1, signal_catcher_main) == SIG_ERR) { perror("1"); exit(1); } if(signal(SIGUSR2, signal_catcher_main) == SIG_ERR) { perror("2"); exit(1); } } else { if(signal(SIGUSR1, SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR) { perror("1"); exit(1); } if(signal(SIGUSR2, SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR) { perror("2"); exit(1); } } if(signal(SIGINT, signal_catcher_int) == SIG_ERR) { perror("3"); exit(1); } /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////// Initializing the shared memory ///////////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// cout << "Initializing the shared memory" << endl; if ((shmid=shmget(IPC_PRIVATE,shareSize,IPC_CREAT|0660))< 0) { perror("shmget fail"); exit(1); } usrsig1_handler_count = (int *) shmat(shmid, NULL, 0); usrsig2_handler_count = usrsig1_handler_count + 1; usrsig1_sender_count = usrsig2_handler_count + 1; usrsig2_sender_count = usrsig1_sender_count + 1; lock_1 = usrsig2_sender_count + 1; lock_2 = lock_1 + 1; lock_3 = lock_2 + 1; lock_4 = lock_3 + 1; lock_5 = lock_4 + 1; lock_6 = lock_5 + 1; //Initialize them to be zero *usrsig1_handler_count = 0; *usrsig2_handler_count = 0; *usrsig1_sender_count = 0; *usrsig2_sender_count = 0; *lock_1 = 0; *lock_2 = 0; *lock_3 = 0; *lock_4 = 0; *lock_5 = 0; *lock_6 = 0; cout << "End of initializing the shared memory" << endl; ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /////////////////// End of initializing the shared memory /////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////Registering the signal handlers/////////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// cout << "Registering the signal handlers" << endl; for(int i=0; i<NUM_HANDLER_PROCESSES; i++) { if((pid = fork()) == 0) { if(i%2 == 0) { struct sigaction action; action.sa_handler = signal_catcher_1; sigset_t block_mask; action.sa_flags = 0; sigaction(SIGUSR1,&action,NULL); if(signal(SIGUSR2, SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR) { perror("2"); exit(1); } } else { if(signal(SIGUSR1 ,SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR) { perror("1"); exit(1); } struct sigaction action; action.sa_handler = signal_catcher_2; action.sa_flags = 0; sigaction(SIGUSR2,&action,NULL); } if(signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL) == SIG_ERR) { perror("2"); exit(1); } while(true) { pause(); } exit(0); } else { //cout << "Registerd the handler " << pid << endl; handlers[i] = pid; } } cout << "End of registering the signal handlers" << endl; ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////End of registering the signal handlers ////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////Registering the monitoring process ////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// cout << "Registering the monitoring process" << endl; if((pid = fork()) == 0) { struct sigaction action; action.sa_handler = signal_catcher_monitor; sigemptyset(&action.sa_mask); sigset_t block_mask; sigemptyset(&block_mask); sigaddset(&block_mask,SIGUSR1); sigaddset(&block_mask,SIGUSR2); action.sa_flags = 0; action.sa_mask = block_mask; sigaction(SIGUSR1,&action,NULL); sigaction(SIGUSR2,&action,NULL); if(signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL) == SIG_ERR) { perror("2"); exit(1); } while(true) { pause(); } exit(0); } else { cout << "Monitor's pid is " << pid << endl; reporter = pid; } cout << "End of registering the monitoring process" << endl; ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////End of registering the monitoring process//////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //Sleep to make sure that the monitor and handler processes are well initialized and ready to handle signals sleep(5); ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////Registering the signal generators/////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// cout << "Registering the signal generators" << endl; for(int i=0; i<NUM_SENDER_PROCESSES; i++) { if((pid = fork()) == 0) { if(signal(SIGUSR1, SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR) { perror("1"); exit(1); } if(signal(SIGUSR2, SIG_IGN) == SIG_ERR) { perror("2"); exit(1); } if(signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL) == SIG_ERR) { perror("2"); exit(1); } srand(i); while(true) { int signal_id = rand()%2 + 1; if(signal_id == 1) { killpg(getpgid(getpid()), SIGUSR1); while(__sync_lock_test_and_set(lock_4,1) != 0) { } (*usrsig1_sender_count)++; *lock_4 = 0; } else { killpg(getpgid(getpid()), SIGUSR2); while(__sync_lock_test_and_set(lock_5,1) != 0) { } (*usrsig2_sender_count)++; *lock_5=0; } int r = rand()%10 + 1; double s = (double)r/100; sleep(s); } exit(0); } else { //cout << "Registered the sender " << pid << endl; senders[i] = pid; } } //cout << "End of registering the signal generators" << endl; ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////End of registering the signal generators/////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //Either sleep for 30 seconds and terminate the program or if the number of signals generated reaches 10000, terminate the program if(option = 1) { sleep(90); terminate_processes(); } else { while(true) { if(total_signal_count >= MAX_SIGNAL_COUNT) { terminate_processes(); } else { sleep(0.001); } } } } void signal_catcher_1(int the_sig) { while(__sync_lock_test_and_set(lock_1,1) != 0) { } (*usrsig1_handler_count) = (*usrsig1_handler_count) + 1; cout << "Signal Handler 1 " << *usrsig1_handler_count << endl; __sync_lock_release(lock_1); } void signal_catcher_2(int the_sig) { while(__sync_lock_test_and_set(lock_2,1) != 0) { } (*usrsig2_handler_count) = (*usrsig2_handler_count) + 1; __sync_lock_release(lock_2); } void signal_catcher_main(int the_sig) { while(__sync_lock_test_and_set(lock_6,1) != 0) { } total_signal_count++; *lock_6 = 0; } void signal_catcher_int(int the_sig) { for(int i=0; i<NUM_SENDER_PROCESSES; i++) { kill(senders[i],SIGKILL); } for(int i=0; i<NUM_HANDLER_PROCESSES; i++) { kill(handlers[i],SIGKILL); } kill(reporter,SIGKILL); exit(3); } void signal_catcher_monitor(int the_sig) { cout << "Monitoring process " << *usrsig1_handler_count << endl; } Here is the initial segment of output Monitoring process 0 Monitoring process 0 Monitoring process 0 Monitoring process 0 Signal Handler 1 1 Monitoring process 2 Signal Handler 1 2 Signal Handler 1 3 Signal Handler 1 4 Monitoring process 4 Monitoring process Signal Handler 1 6 Signal Handler 1 7 Monitoring process 7 Monitoring process 8 Monitoring process 8 Signal Handler 1 9 Monitoring process 9 Monitoring process 9 Monitoring process 10 Signal Handler 1 11 Monitoring process 11 Monitoring process 12 Signal Handler 1 13 Signal Handler 1 14 Signal Handler 1 15 Signal Handler 1 16 Signal Handler 1 17 Signal Handler 1 18 Monitoring process 19 Signal Handler 1 20 Monitoring process 20 Signal Handler 1 21 Monitoring process 21 Monitoring process 21 Monitoring process 22 Monitoring process 22 Monitoring process 23 Signal Handler 1 24 Signal Handler 1 25 Monitoring process 25 Signal Handler 1 27 Signal Handler 1 28 Signal Handler 1 29 Here is the segment when the signal handler processes signal handlers are called in a burst Signal Handler 1 456 Signal Handler 1 457 Signal Handler 1 458 Signal Handler 1 459 Signal Handler 1 460 Signal Handler 1 461 Signal Handler 1 462 Signal Handler 1 463 Signal Handler 1 464 Signal Handler 1 465 Signal Handler 1 466 Signal Handler 1 467 Signal Handler 1 468 Signal Handler 1 469 Signal Handler 1 470 Signal Handler 1 471 Signal Handler 1 472 Signal Handler 1 473 Signal Handler 1 474 Signal Handler 1 475 Signal Handler 1 476 Signal Handler 1 477 Signal Handler 1 478 Signal Handler 1 479 Signal Handler 1 480 Signal Handler 1 481 Signal Handler 1 482 Signal Handler 1 483 Signal Handler 1 484 Signal Handler 1 485 Signal Handler 1 486 Signal Handler 1 487 Signal Handler 1 488 Signal Handler 1 489 Signal Handler 1 490 Signal Handler 1 491 Signal Handler 1 492 Signal Handler 1 493 Signal Handler 1 494 Signal Handler 1 495 Signal Handler 1 496 Signal Handler 1 497 Signal Handler 1 498 Signal Handler 1 499 Signal Handler 1 500 Signal Handler 1 501 Signal Handler 1 502 Signal Handler 1 503 Signal Handler 1 504 Signal Handler 1 505 Signal Handler 1 506 Here is the segment when the monitoring processes signal handlers are called in a burst Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Monitoring process 140 Why isn't it uniform afterwards. Why are they called in a burst?

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• Rails + Nginx + Unicorn multiple apps

  - by Mikhail Nikalyukin

  I get the server where is currently installed two apps and i need to add another one, here is my configs. nginx.conf user www-data www-data; worker_processes 4; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 768; # multi_accept on; } http { sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; ## # Logging Settings ## access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; ## # Disable unknown domains ## server { listen 80 default; server_name _; return 444; } ## # Virtual Host Configs ## include /home/ruby/apps/*/shared/config/nginx.conf; } unicorn.rb deploy_to = "/home/ruby/apps/staging.domain.com" rails_root = "#{deploy_to}/current" pid_file = "#{deploy_to}/shared/pids/unicorn.pid" socket_file= "#{deploy_to}/shared/sockets/.sock" log_file = "#{rails_root}/log/unicorn.log" err_log = "#{rails_root}/log/unicorn_error.log" old_pid = pid_file + '.oldbin' timeout 30 worker_processes 10 # ????? ???? ? ??????????? ?? ????????, ???????? ??????? ? ??????? ???? ???? listen socket_file, :backlog => 1024 pid pid_file stderr_path err_log stdout_path log_file preload_app true GC.copy_on_write_friendly = true if GC.respond_to?(:copy_on_write_friendly=) before_exec do |server| ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] = "#{rails_root}/Gemfile" end before_fork do |server, worker| defined?(ActiveRecord::Base) and ActiveRecord::Base.connection.disconnect! if File.exists?(old_pid) && server.pid != old_pid begin Process.kill("QUIT", File.read(old_pid).to_i) rescue Errno::ENOENT, Errno::ESRCH end end end after_fork do |server, worker| defined?(ActiveRecord::Base) and ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection end Also im added capistrano to the project deploy.rb # encoding: utf-8 require 'capistrano/ext/multistage' require 'rvm/capistrano' require 'bundler/capistrano' set :stages, %w(staging production) set :default_stage, "staging" default_run_options[:pty] = true ssh_options[:paranoid] = false ssh_options[:forward_agent] = true set :scm, "git" set :user, "ruby" set :runner, "ruby" set :use_sudo, false set :deploy_via, :remote_cache set :rvm_ruby_string, '1.9.2' # Create uploads directory and link task :configure, :roles => :app do run "cp #{shared_path}/config/database.yml #{release_path}/config/database.yml" # run "ln -s #{shared_path}/db/sphinx #{release_path}/db/sphinx" # run "ln -s #{shared_path}/config/unicorn.rb #{release_path}/config/unicorn.rb" end namespace :deploy do task :restart do run "if [ -f #{unicorn_pid} ] && [ -e /proc/$(cat #{unicorn_pid}) ]; then kill -s USR2 `cat #{unicorn_pid}`; else cd #{deploy_to}/current && bundle exec unicorn_rails -c #{unicorn_conf} -E #{rails_env} -D; fi" end task :start do run "cd #{deploy_to}/current && bundle exec unicorn_rails -c #{unicorn_conf} -E #{rails_env} -D" end task :stop do run "if [ -f #{unicorn_pid} ] && [ -e /proc/$(cat #{unicorn_pid}) ]; then kill -QUIT `cat #{unicorn_pid}`; fi" end end before 'deploy:finalize_update', 'configure' after "deploy:update", "deploy:migrate", "deploy:cleanup" require './config/boot' nginx.conf in app shared path upstream staging_whotracker { server unix:/home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/shared/sockets/.sock; } server { listen 209.105.242.45; server_name beta.whotracker.com; rewrite ^/(.*) http://www.beta.whotracker.com/$1 permanent; } server { listen 209.105.242.45; server_name www.beta.hotracker.com; root /home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/current/public; location ~ ^/sitemaps/ { root /home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/current/system; if (!-f $request_filename) { break; } if (-f $request_filename) { expires -1; break; } } # cache static files :P location ~ ^/(images|javascripts|stylesheets)/ { root /home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/current/public; if ($query_string ~* "^[0-9a-zA-Z]{40}$") { expires max; break; } if (!-f $request_filename) { break; } } if ( -f /home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/shared/offline ) { return 503; } location /blog { index index.php index.html index.htm; try_files $uri $uri/ /blog/index.php?q=$uri; } location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fastcgi/php-fastcgi.socket; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; } location / { proxy_set_header HTTP_REFERER $http_referer; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; proxy_max_temp_file_size 0; # If the file exists as a static file serve it directly without # running all the other rewite tests on it if (-f $request_filename) { break; } if (!-f $request_filename) { proxy_pass http://staging_whotracker; break; } } error_page 502 =503 @maintenance; error_page 500 504 /500.html; error_page 503 @maintenance; location @maintenance { rewrite ^(.*)$ /503.html break; } } unicorn.log executing ["/home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/bin/unicorn_rails", "-c", "/home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/current/config/unicorn.rb", "-E", "staging", "-D", {5=>#<Kgio::UNIXServer:/home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/shared/sockets/.sock>}] (in /home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/releases/20120517114413) I, [2012-05-17T06:43:48.111717 #14636] INFO -- : inherited addr=/home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/shared/sockets/.sock fd=5 I, [2012-05-17T06:43:48.111938 #14636] INFO -- : Refreshing Gem list worker=0 ready ... master process ready ... reaped #<Process::Status: pid 2590 exit 0> worker=6 ... master complete Deploy goes successfully, but when i try to access beta.whotracker.com or ip-address i get SERVER NOT FOUND error, while others app works great. Nothing shows up in error logs. Can you please point me where is my fault?

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• nginx - redirection doesn't work as expected

  - by Luis

  I have a domain listening on both http and https. I want to redirect all the traffic to https except for two specific locations. It works, but only for mydomain.com, not for www.mydomain.com. Here the config: upstream mydomain_rails { server unix:/home/deploy/mydomain/shared/pids/unicorn.sock; } # blog.mydomain.com server { listen 80; server_name blog.mydomain.com; rewrite ^ http://www.mydomain.com/de/blog permanent; } # blog.mydomain.com.br server { listen 80; server_name blog.mydomain.com.br; rewrite ^ http://www.mydomain.com/br/blog permanent; } # www.mydomain.de server { listen 80; server_name mydomain.de www.mydomain.de; rewrite ^ https://www.mydomain.com/de permanent; } # www.mydomain.com.br server { listen 80; server_name mydomain.com.br www.mydomain.com.br; rewrite ^ https://www.mydomain.com/br permanent; } server { listen 80; server_name mydomain.com; rewrite ^ http://www.mydomain.com$request_uri permanent; } ## www.mydomain.com ## Redirect http to https, keep blogs on plain http server { listen 80; server_name www.mydomain.com; location / { # if ($host ~* ^(www\.mydomain\.com)$ ) { rewrite ^/(.*)$ https://www.mydomain.com/$1 permanent; # } # return 444; } # Matches any request starting with '/br/blog' and proxies to the upstream blog instance location ~* /br/blog { proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; if (!-f $request_filename) { rewrite ^/br/blog$ /; rewrite ^/br/blog/(.*)$ /$1; proxy_pass http://mydomain_blog_br; break; } } # Matches any request starting with '/de/blog' and proxies to the upstream blog instance location ~* /de/blog { proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; if (!-f $request_filename) { rewrite ^/de/blog$ /; rewrite ^/de/blog/(.*)$ /$1; proxy_pass http://mydomain_blog; break; } } } # www.mydomain.com server { add_header Cache-Control "public, must-revalidate"; server_name mydomain.com www.mydomain.com; listen 443; ssl on; ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/mydomain.com/sslchain.crt; ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/mydomain.com/privatekey.key; ## Strict Transport Security (ForceHTTPS), max-age 30d add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=2592000; includeSubdomains"; ## Due SSL encryption, rather to increase the keepalive requests and timeout keepalive_requests 10; keepalive_timeout 60 60; root /home/deploy/mydomain/current/public/; error_log /home/deploy/mydomain/shared/log/nginx.error.log info; access_log /home/deploy/mydomain/shared/log/nginx.access.log main; ## Redirect from non-www to www if ($host = 'mydomain.com' ) { rewrite ^/(.*)$ https://www.mydomain.com/$1 permanent; } ## Caching images for 3 months location ~* \.(ico|css|js|gif|jpe?g|png)\?[0-9]+$ { expires 30d; break; } ## Deny illegal Host headers if ($host !~* ^(mydomain.com|www.mydomain.com)$ ) { return 444; } ## Deny certain User-Agents (case insensitive) if ($http_user_agent ~* (Baiduspider|webalta|Wget|WordPress|youdao|jakarta) ) { return 444; } ## Deny certain Referers (case insensitive) if ($http_referer ~* (dating|diamond|forsale|girl|jewelry|nudit|poker|porn|poweroversoftware|sex|teen|webcam|zippo|zongdo) ) { return 444; } ## Enable maintenance page. The page is copied in during capistrano deployment set $maintenance 0; if (-f $document_root/index.html) { set $maintenance 1; } if ($request_uri ~* (jpg|jpeg|gif|png|js|css)$) { set $maintenance 0; } if ($maintenance) { rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.html last; break; } location /uk { auth_basic "Restricted"; auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/htpasswd; root /home/deploy/mydomain/current/public/; try_files $uri @fallback; } # Matches any request starting with '/br/blog' and proxies to the upstream blog instance location ^~ /br/blog { proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; if (!-f $request_filename) { rewrite ^/br/blog$ /; rewrite ^/br/blog/(.*)$ /$1; proxy_pass http://mydomain_blog_br; break; } } # Matches any request starting with '/de/blog' and proxies to the upstream blog instance location ^~ /de/blog { proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; if (!-f $request_filename) { rewrite ^/de/blog$ /; rewrite ^/de/blog/(.*)$ /$1; proxy_pass http://mydomain_blog; break; }} # Matches any request starting with '/lp' and proxies to the upstream blog instance location /lp { proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; rewrite ^/lp(/?.*)$ /$1; proxy_pass http://mydomain_landingpage; break; } #Matches any request, and looks for static files before reverse proxying to the upstream app server socket location / { root /home/deploy/mydomain/current/public/; try_files $uri @fallback; } # Called after the above pattern, if no static file is found location @fallback { proxy_set_header X-Sendfile-Type X-Accel-Redirect; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://mydomain_rails; } ## All other errors get the generic error page error_page 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 495 496 497 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 /500.html; location /500.html { root /home/deploy/mydomain/current/public/; } } I defined the blog upstream. As said, it works properly for mydomain.com, but not for www.mydomain.com. Any idea?

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