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• Apache - access two or more virtual hosts from outside

  - by André Alçada Padez

  I have an apache2 server running on my ubuntu system. I have two sites enabled: default (ServerName localhost) site2 (ServerName jslib) I run a windows Virtual Box Machine, to be able to test my stuff in IE. If i type the ubuntu's IP in the addressbar i get the localhost. I was wondering how can i access both (or more as i need it) from other machines. Thanks update I have configured the windows' hosts file like so: 10.0.2.2 localhost 10.0.2.2 jslib It works, but i am really looking for something that i can configure on the server side, and then just change the value of the URL, am i crazy?

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• Problem with the hosts file under windows 7

  - by martani_net

  I updated some entries in the hosts file "C:\WINDOWS\System32\drivers\etc" to make google for example point to 127.0.0.1 # Additionally, comments (such as these) may be inserted on individual # lines or following the machine name denoted by a '#' symbol. # # For example: # # 102.54.94.97 rhino.acme.com # source server # 38.25.63.10 x.acme.com # x client host 127.0.0.1 localhost ::1 localhost 127.0.0.1 google.com This works fine under windows Vista, but not under Widows 7. When I type google, it goes directly to Google's website. For info, I am not using a proxy server. I think there are some temporary DNS settings that must be flushed, but I don't know how, anyone knows how to fix this? Thank you.

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• Setting a mapped drive in Virtual hosts causes apache to not start

  - by darksoulsong

  I´m trying to set a virtual host on my windows 7 machine. The folder I want to point to is located on a centOS machine and the folder path is Z:\Websites\Online\MyClient\Site. But something strange happens when I set the document root like this: DocumentRoot "Z:\Websites\Online\MyClient\Site" Apache do not restarts after that. When I take a look at the log, there is an error pointing to that line, where I added the path to the folder: Syntax error on line 48 of C:/Program Files/Zend/Apache2/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf: DocumentRoot must be a directory. There must be a way to make it work like this, by setting an Apache Installation on a machine and pointing it to a folder located on another computer, right? My hosts file is set like this: 172.17.10.1\Data\Websites\Online\MyClient\Site MyClient.local ANY HELP would be VERY appreciated.

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• Problem with the hosts file in Windows XP

  - by waldev

  I have a computer with Windows XP SP2 with a weird problem. The hosts file doesn't work. No matter what I do, adding or removing entries in the file doesn't make any difference, pinging the added names times out. I tried flushing the DNS cache (using ipconfig /flushdns) but that didn't work, I even tried to restart the DNS client service but that made no difference too. Removing entries also has no effect, I ping the names and I get a reply. Help!!! Edit: Thanks for your answer guys, but the problem is more complicated than this. It seems I'll have to reinstall Windows.

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• IPSec 2 hosts (preshared key) - network shares very slow

  - by LxFlip

  I'm testing a IPSec config between 2 hosts, using ipsec auth with preshared key, very simple configuration. (I want to start with a IPSec simple preshared key config, and then step up to a Certificate or kerberos...) The problem is: The connection is working but when accessing network file shares the first time it's very slow. On the same host i'm testing the shares, i have an IIS site running, and the performance seems very normal, fast. Does anybody know why does SMB shares are soo slow? Is there any ipsec policy options that should be tweaked? Thanks

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• What is IE's Maximum Parallel Connection Accross All Hosts

  - by timeitquery

  Based on the IE documentation on MSDN IE 8 supports up to 6 parallel connections per server and IE 6,7 support 2. What is the upper limit of parallel connections accross all the hosts? So if I have 60 hosts, 8 requests per host, so 360 requests in the HTML page - does it mean that IE 8 will have 360 connection in parallel and IE 6 or 7 would have 120? (ignoring the html rendering time, and if call is blocking or not)

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• nginx reverse proxy cannot access apache virtual hosts

  - by Sc0rian

  I am setting up nginx as a reverse proxy. The server runs on directadmin and lamp stack. I have nginx running on port 81. I can access all my sites (including virtual ips) on the port 81. However when I forward the traffic from port 80 to 81, the virtual ips have a message saying "Apache is running normally". Server IPs are fine, and I can still access virtual IP's on 81. [root@~]# netstat -an | grep LISTEN | egrep ":80|:81" tcp 0 0 <virtual ip>:81 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 <virtual ip>:81 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 <serverip>:81 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN apache 24090 0.6 1.3 29252 13612 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24092 0.9 2.1 39584 22056 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24096 0.2 1.9 35892 20256 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24120 0.3 1.7 35752 17840 ? S 18:34 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24495 0.0 1.4 30892 14756 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24496 1.0 2.1 39892 22164 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24516 1.5 3.6 55496 38040 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24519 0.1 1.2 28996 13224 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24521 2.7 4.0 58244 41984 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24522 0.0 1.2 29124 12672 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24524 0.0 1.1 28740 12364 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24535 1.1 1.7 36008 17876 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24536 0.0 1.1 28592 12084 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24537 0.0 1.1 28592 12112 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24539 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? Z 18:35 0:00 [httpd] <defunct> apache 24540 0.0 1.1 28592 11540 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL apache 24541 0.0 1.1 28592 11548 ? S 18:35 0:00 /usr/sbin/httpd -k start -DSSL root 24548 0.0 0.0 4132 752 pts/0 R+ 18:35 0:00 egrep apache|nginx root 28238 0.0 0.0 19576 284 ? Ss May29 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf apache 28239 0.0 0.0 19888 804 ? S May29 0:00 nginx: worker process apache 28240 0.0 0.0 19888 548 ? S May29 0:00 nginx: worker process apache 28241 0.0 0.0 19736 484 ? S May29 0:00 nginx: cache manager process here is my nginx conf: cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf user apache apache; worker_processes 2; # Set it according to what your CPU have. 4 Cores = 4 worker_rlimit_nofile 8192; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] ' '"$request" $status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; server_tokens off; access_log /var/log/nginx_access.log main; error_log /var/log/nginx_error.log debug; server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay off; keepalive_timeout 30; gzip on; gzip_comp_level 9; gzip_proxied any; proxy_buffering on; proxy_cache_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp levels=1:2 keys_zone=one:15m inactive=7d max_size=1000m; proxy_buffer_size 16k; proxy_buffers 100 8k; proxy_connect_timeout 60; proxy_send_timeout 60; proxy_read_timeout 60; server { listen <server ip>:81 default rcvbuf=8192 sndbuf=16384 backlog=32000; # Real IP here server_name <server host name> _; # "_" is for handle all hosts that are not described by server_name charset off; access_log /var/log/nginx_host_general.access.log main; location / { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://<server ip>; # Real IP here client_max_body_size 16m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; proxy_buffering on; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 120; proxy_buffer_size 16k; proxy_buffers 32 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; } location /nginx_status { stub_status on; access_log off; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } } include /usr/local/nginx/vhosts/*.conf; } here is my vhost conf: # cat /usr/local/nginx/vhosts/1.conf server { listen <virt ip>:81 default rcvbuf=8192 sndbuf=16384 backlog=32000; # Real IP here server_name <virt domain name>.com ; # "_" is for handle all hosts that are not described by server_name charset off; access_log /var/log/nginx_host_general.access.log main; location / { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://<virt ip>; # Real IP here client_max_body_size 16m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; proxy_buffering on; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 120; proxy_buffer_size 16k; proxy_buffers 32 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; } } Apache config: <VirtualHost xxxxxx:80 > ServerName www.<domain>.com ServerAlias www.<domain>.com <domain>.com ServerAdmin webmaster@<domain>.com DocumentRoot /home/<domain>/domains/<domain>.com/public_html ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /home/<domain>/domains/<domain>.com/public_html/cgi-bin/ UseCanonicalName OFF <IfModule !mod_ruid2.c> SuexecUserGroup <domain> <domain> </IfModule> <IfModule mod_ruid2.c> RMode config RUidGid <domain> <domain> RGroups apache access </IfModule> CustomLog /var/log/httpd/domains/<domain>.com.bytes bytes CustomLog /var/log/httpd/domains/<domain>.com.log combined ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/domains/<domain>.com.error.log <Directory /home/<domain>/domains/<domain>.com/public_html> Options +Includes -Indexes php_admin_flag engine ON php_admin_value sendmail_path '/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f <domain>@<domain>.com' </Directory> <virtual ip address>:80 is a NameVirtualHost default server www.xx.com (/usr/local/directadmin/data/users/xx/httpd.conf:16) port 80 namevhost www.xx.com (/usr/local/directadmin/data/users/xx/httpd.conf:16) port 80 namevhost www.xx.co.uk (/usr/local/directadmin/data/users/xx/httpd.conf:107) port 80 namevhost www.xx.co.uk (/usr/local/directadmin/data/users/xx/httpd.conf:151) port 80 namevhost www.xx.co.uk (/usr/local/directadmin/data/users/xx/httpd.conf:195) <virtual ip address>:443 is a NameVirtualHost default server www.xx.com (/usr/local/directadmin/data/users/xx/httpd.conf:61) port 443 namevhost www.xx.com (/usr/local/directadmin/data/users/xx/httpd.conf:61) <server ip>:80 is a NameVirtualHost default server localhost (/etc/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf:29) port 80 namevhost localhost (/etc/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf:29) port 80 namevhost www.xx.co.uk (/usr/local/directadmin/data/users/admin/httpd.conf:16)

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• Running SSL locally on a hosts redirected domain name with Ubuntu and Apache

  - by Matthew Brown

  I recently made some changes to my Ubuntu computer so that a domain name resolved to my local copy of Apache. I edited /etc/hosts and added 127.0.0.1 thisbit.example.com Then set up a VirtualHost for the responses I wishes to create. That all works fine and my testing is now shooting on ahead without harm or risk tot he production server. Now for my next trick I need to test the authentication and so need to do this with HTTPS Basically https://auth.example.com needs to work on my PC without the SSL causing an issue which I imagine would be the case as I am clearly not the true https://auth.example.com but for the basis of this exercise I need to pretend that I am. Now it might be that the Apps I'm testing don't worry about checking the certificate. (Many are in Java which I'm no expert with). What gotchas am I likely to encounter and what is the best way of not letting my own hacks spoil my testing? I'm guessing the place to start is to enable SSL with Apcahe... I've never done that before as it has never come up before.

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• Ntop monitoring - Hosts visible with no SPAN/mirroring

  - by Cory J

  I am attempting to use ntop to monitor traffic over a Cisco Catalyst switch. I was assuming that in order to see any of the traffic, I'd have to use monitor, as described here: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/switches/ps708/products_tech_note09186a008015c612.shtml. Howver, before I did anything on the switch, I simply plugged my ntop server in and fired up ntop. To my suprise, I instantly see 3+ pages of hosts, and thousands of packets. How is ntop seeing this? I have verified that no monitoring exists on the switch (run as en): cs1.pvdc#show monitor No SPAN configuration is present in the system. My ntop server is Ubuntu 8.04, I haven't done ANY configuration, I just installed the ntop package. This is also a fresh Ubuntu install. Is there anything else on my switch besides "monitor" that might cause my switch to mirror all its traffic like this? I've tried plugging ntop into different ports with the same results. UPDATE: It appears to be more then just broadcast traffic showing up in ntop, for example, I can see when my IPs have talked to the DNS server or generated HTTP traffic. If my switch is misconfigured, can anyone point me in the right direction towards rectify this? Not a Cisco expert.

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• Connection established to google DNS, can't resolve any hosts

  - by Tar

  As you can see from the picture above, I am connected to google DNS but am unable to resolve any hostnames. When I try to ping sites like google.com, yahoo.com, etc, I get 'ping: unknown host'. Yes, I am able to ping localhost, I am able to ping hostname.domain.com, but not domain.com. I can't ping my nameservers. I can ping all hosts by IP address and that works. The output of my /etc/resolv.conf: nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 Anyone know what the problem could be? 23:30:04.304955 IP my_server.44457 > 8.8.8.8.domain: 28349+ A? google.com. (28) 23:30:06.137985 IP 112.100.0.78.19781 > my_server.domain: 18717 [1au] A? www.my_domain.com. (46) 23:30:06.138286 IP my_server.domain > 112.100.0.78.19781: 18717*- 2/0/1 CNAME my_domain.com., A my_server (76) 23:30:06.686582 IP 112.100.0.74.19181 > my_server.domain: 65046 [1au] A? my_domain.com. (42) 23:30:06.686811 IP my_server.domain > 112.100.0.74.19181: 65046*- 1/0/1 A my_server (58) 23:30:07.043764 IP my_server.50465 > 4.2.2.1.domain: 13865+ PTR? 142.254.22.67.in-addr.arpa. (44) 23:30:09.065904 IP my_server.45242 > 8.8.4.4.domain: 29011+ PTR? 123.72.117.130.in-addr.arpa. (45) 23:30:09.310021 IP my_server.45440 > 8.8.4.4.domain: 28349+ A? google.com. (28)

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• Nginx - Enable PHP for all hosts

  - by F21

  I am currently testing out nginx and have set up some virtual hosts by putting configurations for each virtual host in its own file in a folder called sites-enabled. I then ask nginx to load all those config files using: include C:/nginx/sites-enabled/*.conf; This is my current config: http { server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; include mime.types; include C:/nginx/sites-enabled/*.conf; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; server { listen 80; root C:/www-root; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { index index.html index.htm index.php; } # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } } server{ server_name localhost; } } And this is one of the configs for a virtual host: server { server_name testsubdomain.testdomain.com root C:/www-root/testsubdomain.testdomain.com; } The problem is that for testsubdomain.testdomain.com, I cannot get php scripts to run unless I have defined a location block with fastcgi parameters for it. What I would like to do is to be able to enable PHP for all hosted sites on this server (without having to add a PHP location block with fastcgi parameters) for maintainability. This is so that if I need to change any fastcgi values for PHP, I can just change it in 1 location. Is this something that's possible for nginx? If so, how can this be done?

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• Use shared 404 page for virtual hosts in Nginx

  - by Choy

  I'd like to have a shared 404 page to use across my virtual hosts. The following is my setup. Two sites, each with their own config file in /sites-available/ and /sites-enabled/ www.foo.com bar.foo.com The www directory is set up as: www/ foo.com/ foo.com/index.html bar.foo.com/ bar.foo.com/index.html shared/ shared/404.html Both config files in /sites-available are the same except for the root and server name: root /var/www/bar.foo.com; index index.html index.htm index.php; server_name bar.foo.com; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php; } error_page 404 /404.html; location = /404.html { root /var/www/shared; } I've tried the above code and also tried setting error_page 404 /var/www/shared/404.html (without the following location block). I've also double checked to make sure my permissions are set to 775 for all folders and files in www. When I try to access a non-existent page, Nginx serves the respective index.php of the virtual host I'm trying to access. Can anyone point out what I'm doing wrong? Thanks!

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• Routing for Two Hosts Behind a IPSec Tunnel

  - by Brent

  Network A 10.110.15.0/24 Firewall is .1 Host A is .2 Network B 10.110.16.0/24 Firewall is .1 Host B is .2 Two Cisco ASA's. IPSec tunnel with a crypo map that secures 10.110.15.0/24 <- 10.110.16.0/24. Let's say two hosts, 10.110.15.2 and 10.110.16.2 need to talk to each other. Normally I have to enter a persistent static route on a each host along the lines of: route add 10.110.16.0 mask 255.255.255.0 10.110.15.1 metric 1 -p (on the "A" box) I also have to enter another persistent static route on the .16 host in order for the traffic to know how to get back to the .15 network. Note that the default for each machine IS the firewall, so .1. I have no problem adding persistent routes on Windows/ESX/*nux machines but what about a smart switch in the .16 network that I want to manage from the .15 network. Do I need to run a routing protocol? Do I need to have Reverse Route Injection enabled on both ends of the IPSec tunnel? Should I add a route on the firewall? If so, how do you formulate it? Does it get a metric of 1 and my default route 0.0.0.0 get a metric of 2?

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• Apahe configuration with virtual hosts and SSL on a local network

  - by Petah

  I'm trying to setup my local Apache configuration like so: http://localhost/ should serve ~/ http://development.somedomain.co.nz/ should serve ~/sites/development.somedomain.co.nz/ https://development.assldomain.co.nz/ should serve ~/sites/development.assldomain.co.nz/ I only want to allow connections from our local network (192.168.1.* range) and myself (127.0.0.1). I have setup my hosts file with: 127.0.0.1 localhost 255.255.255.255 broadcasthost ::1 localhost fe80::1%lo0 localhost 127.0.0.1 development.somedomain.co.nz 127.0.0.1 development.assldomain.co.nz 127.0.0.1 development.anunuseddomain.co.nz My Apache configuration looks like: Listen 80 NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost development.somedomain.co.nz:80> ServerName development.somedomain.co.nz DocumentRoot "~/sites/development.somedomain.co.nz" DirectoryIndex index.php <Directory ~/sites/development.somedomain.co.nz> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks ExecCGI Includes AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost localhost:80> DocumentRoot "~/" ServerName localhost <Directory "~/"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks ExecCGI Includes AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> <IfModule mod_ssl.c> Listen *:443 NameVirtualHost *:443 AcceptMutex flock <VirtualHost development.assldomain.co.nz:443> ServerName development.assldomain.co.nz DocumentRoot "~/sites/development.assldomain.co.nz" DirectoryIndex index.php SSLEngine on SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP:+eNULL SSLCertificateFile /Applications/XAMPP/etc/ssl.crt/server.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /Applications/XAMPP/etc/ssl.key/server.key BrowserMatch ".*MSIE.*" \ nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \ downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 <Directory ~/sites/development.assldomain.co.nz> SSLRequireSSL Options Indexes FollowSymLinks ExecCGI Includes AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> </IfModule> http://development.somedomain.co.nz/ http://localhost/ and https://development.assldomain.co.nz/ work fine. The problem is when I request http://development.anunuseddomain.co.nz/ or http://development.assldomain.co.nz/ it responds with the same as http://development.somedomain.co.nz/ I want it to deny all requests that do not match a virtual host server name and all requests to a https host that are requested with http PS I'm running XAMPP on Mac OS X 10.5.8

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• How to configure multiple virtual hosts for multiple users on Linux/Apache2.2

  - by authentictech

  I want to set up a virtual hosting server on Linux/Apache2.2 that allows multiple users to set up multiple website domains as would be appropriate for commercial shared hosting. I have seen examples (from my then perspective as a shared hosting customer) that allow users to store their web files in their user home directory with directories to correspond to the virtual host domain, e.g.: /home/user1/www/example1.com /home/user2/www/example2.com instead of using /var/www Questions: How would you configure this in your Apache configuration files? (Don't worry about DNS) Is this the best way to manage multiple virtual hosts? Are there others? What safety or security issues do you think I should be aware of in doing this? Many thanks, folks. Edit: If you want to only answer question 1, please feel free, as that is the most urgent to me at this moment and I would consider that an answer to the question. I have done it for myself since posting, but I am not confident that it's the best solution and I would like to know how an experienced sysadmin would do it. Thanks.

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• Using Confluence with virtual hosts and mod_proxy

  - by Marcus

  Hi @all, on a test server I have installed the latest version of Confluence. I configured a apache with ajp. But I have a problem, when I login in Confluence, I get the following error message: Not Found The requested URL / / homepage.action was not found on this server. The problem seems to be known, I found following Link: http://confluence.atlassian.com/display/DOC/Using+Apache+with+virtual+hosts+and+mod_proxy But unfortunately the forwards have not helped, I still get the error messages. Does anyone have any idea how I could solve the problem? The following Apache configuration I have set up: LoadModule proxy_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_http_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_proxy_http.so LoadModule proxy_ajp_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so <IfModule proxy_http_module> ProxyRequests Off ProxyPreserveHost On <Proxy *> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> <Location /> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Location> ProxyPass / http://localhost:8080/ ProxyPassReverse / http://localhost:8080/ </IfModule>

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• Cloning a NAS drive which hosts a SQL Server DB

  - by Adrian Hand

  We have a system in the field running a server application which is suffering with major performance issues. The system in question has 2 onboard 300gb sas drives in RAID 5 from which it boots Windows Server 2003, and a 6tb buffalo terastation NAS unit (also RAID 5) to which the server app does all of its reading and writing. I believe the terastation is the source of all our woes. Whilst under load, reads and writes tick by at something of the order of 1meg/sec, though the network in question is hardly utilised. The terastation contains various data, but crucially hosts a full instance worth of SQL Server .mdf and .ldf files (master etc - the whole shooting match) I wish to stop all the services on the server, then take everything on the terastation and essentially clone it to some alternative onboard storage, so as to eliminate the terastation from the equation as far as poor performance is concerned. ie the terastation is currently drive D: - I want to copy everything off and then have the duplicate assume the drive letter so that as far as the software is aware, nothing is different. This is tricky because of the mdf and ldf files - everything else will work with a straight up file copy. Can anyone suggest a means to achieve what I am describing? Many thanks!

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• Why do hosts prefer Linux to Windows Server?

  - by iconiK

  So far I see a HUGE majority of hosts provide only Linux shared hosting, providing Windows only to VPS (or even to only dedicated servers). Why is it so? While Windows is a lot more expensive than Linux (though it depends on a lot of factors, not just initial and support license cost), it also provides ASP.NET, IIS and of course, Microsoft SQL Server. I know in the past it might have been because of cPanel being Linux only but now they have a Windows version. But still, why is Linux predominantly used on shared hosting? PHP works on both systems. IIS can be (and probably is) faster. MySQL runs on both systems as well. cPanel has a Windows version. Python, Perl, Ruby, all run on Windows as well. You even have MS SQL Server Express, which I find more superior than MySQL in both speed and features. Access is there for low usage requirements, as is SQLite (which is so great for quick small stuff). And with PowerShell you have a good alternative to the Unix shell. EDIT: I am looking for common reasons, I realize each hosting company (and/or it's clients) may have different needs. This becomes very important when you get to VPS or Cloud which give you a full operating system to use.

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• IP tables blocking access to most hosts but some accesses being logged

  - by epo

  What am I getting wrong? A while back I locked down my web hosting service while hardening it or at least trying to. Apache listens on port 80 only and I set up iptables using the following: IPS="list of IPs" iptables --new-chain webtest # Accept all established connections iptables -A INPUT --protocol tcp --dport 80 --jump webtest iptables -A INPUT --match state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED --jump ACCEPT iptables -A webtest --match state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED --jump ACCEPT for ip in $IPS; do iptables -A webtest --match state --state NEW --source $ip --jump ACCEPT done iptables -A webtest --jump DROP However looking at my apache logs I notice various log entries in access_log, e.g. 221.192.199.35 - - [16/May/2010:13:04:31 +0100] "GET http://www.wantsfly.com/prx2.php?hash=926DE27C156B40E55E4CFC8F005053E2D81E6D688AF0 HTTP/1.0" 404 206 "-" "Mozilla/ 4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.0)" 201.228.144.124 - - [16/May/2010:11:54:16 +0100] "GET /w00tw00t.at.ISC.SANS.DFind:) HTTP/1.1" 400 226 "-" "-" 207.46.195.224 - - [16/May/2010:04:06:48 +0100] "GET /robots.txt HTTP/1.1" 200 311 "-" "msnbot/2.0b (+http://search.msn.com/msnbot.htm)" How are these slipping through? I don't mind the indexing bots (though I am a little surprised to see them get through). I suppose they must be getting through using the ESTABLISHED,RELATED rules. And no, I can't for the life of me remember why the first match state rule is there So 2 questions: is there a better way to set up iptables to restrict access to specified hosts? How exactly are these 3 examples slipping through?

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• Setting up httpd-vhosts.conf for multiple virtual hosts

  - by Chris Sobolewski

  I have a simple test setup using xampp at home, and I am getting really weird behavior when I attempt to set up multiple virtual hosts on this box. Here is my vhosts file: NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName foo DocumentRoot "D:\wamp\xampp\htdocs\foo" ErrorLog logs/foo-error_log CustomLog logs/foo-access_log common <Directory "D:\wamp\xampp\htdocs\foo"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks Includes execCGI AllowOverride All Order Allow,Deny Allow From All </Directory> </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName bar DocumentRoot "D:\wamp\xampp\htdocs\bar" ErrorLog logs/bar-error_log CustomLog logs/bar-access_log common <Directory "D:\wamp\xampp\htdocs\bar"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks Includes execCGI AllowOverride All Order Allow,Deny Allow From All </Directory> </VirtualHost> When I attempt to run visit the first site, it works as expected. When I attempt to run the second site, I get a weird hybrid mishmash of both sites. It's the weirdest thing.

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• IP tables blocking access to most hosts but some accesses being logged

  - by epo

  What am I getting wrong? A while back I locked down my web hosting service while hardening it or at least trying to. Apache listens on port 80 only and I set up iptables using the following: IPS="list of IPs" iptables --new-chain webtest # Accept all established connections iptables -A INPUT --protocol tcp --dport 80 --jump webtest iptables -A INPUT --match state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED --jump ACCEPT iptables -A webtest --match state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED --jump ACCEPT for ip in $IPS; do iptables -A webtest --match state --state NEW --source $ip --jump ACCEPT done iptables -A webtest --jump DROP However looking at my apache logs I notice various log entries in access_log, e.g. 221.192.199.35 - - [16/May/2010:13:04:31 +0100] "GET http://www.wantsfly.com/prx2.php?hash=926DE27C156B40E55E4CFC8F005053E2D81E6D688AF0 HTTP/1.0" 404 206 "-" "Mozilla/ 4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.0)" 201.228.144.124 - - [16/May/2010:11:54:16 +0100] "GET /w00tw00t.at.ISC.SANS.DFind:) HTTP/1.1" 400 226 "-" "-" 207.46.195.224 - - [16/May/2010:04:06:48 +0100] "GET /robots.txt HTTP/1.1" 200 311 "-" "msnbot/2.0b (+http://search.msn.com/msnbot.htm)" How are these slipping through? I don't mind the indexing bots (though I am a little surprised to see them get through). I suppose they must be getting through using the ESTABLISHED,RELATED rules. And no, I can't for the life of me remember why the first match state rule is there So 2 questions: is there a better way to set up iptables to restrict access to specified hosts? How exactly are these 3 examples slipping through?

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• Apache Named Virtual Hosts and HTTPS

  - by Freddie Witherden

  I have an SSL certificate which is valid for multiple (sub-) domains. In Apache I have configured this as follows: In /etc/apache2/apache2.conf NameVirtualHost <my ip>:443 Then for one named virtual host I have <VirtualHost <my ip>:443> ServerName ... SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile ... SSLCertificateKeyFile ... SSLCertificateChainFile ... SSLCACertificateFile ... </VirtualHost> Finally, for every other site I want to be accessible over HTTPS I just have a <VirtualHost <my ip>:443> ServerName ... </VirtualHost> The good news is that it works. However, when I start Apache I get warning messages [warn] Init: SSL server IP/port conflict: Domain A:443 (...) vs. Domain B:443 (...) [warn] Init: SSL server IP/port conflict: Domain C:443 (...) vs. Domain B:443 (...) [warn] Init: You should not use name-based virtual hosts in conjunction with SSL!! So, my question is: how should I be configuring this? Clearly from the warning messages I am doing something wrong (although it does work!), however, the above configuration was the only one I could get to work. It is somewhat annoying as the configuration files have an explicit dependence on my IP address.

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• Apache Virtual Hosts behind Cisco Router

  - by Theo

  I'm setting up an Apache 2.2 Ubuntu web server for internal services that is also supposed to be accessed from outside our LAN. Our LAN has a single external IP that is the external IP of our RV042 Cisco router. We have set up several A records on our external DNS server that point to this IP. Our internal DNS server resolve the same records to the internal IP of our web server, so computers from inside the network can access them using the same address as if they were outside. We forwarded the router's external 80 port to our web server's 80 port. I have set up one Virtual Host for each domain name in our list, and my httpd.conf is something like this: ServerName web.domain.com NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName alfresco.domain.com <Proxy *> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> ProxyPass /alfresco http://localhost:8080/alfresco ProxyPassReverse /alfresco http://localhost:8080/alfresco ProxyPass /share http://localhost:8080/share ProxyPassReverse /share http://localhost:8080/share </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName crm.domain.com DocumentRoot /var/www/sugarcrm </VirtualHost> Now, this works if we are in our LAN. However, if we are outside of our LAN we reach our web server's default page saying: It Works! This is the default web page for this server. But we can't reach the virtual hosts, as if the domain name is not being preserved when the router forward the packets to the web server. Am I doing something wrong? How can I check what is going on? What should be the settings to make this work from outside?

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• Mac OS X bypass proxy for certain domains

  - by Brian

  In college I'm behind a proxy. When I try to visit one of my local Apache virtual hosts behind the proxy, then my college DNS attempts to resolve the host, thus bypassing my local host file. In the advanced setting for proxies you seem to be able to enter values into "Bypass proxy settings for these Hosts & Domains". I added the last 2 to the end - "*.local, 169.254/16, *.dev, *.sb". But it doesn't work. Is there a solution?

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• setting domains

  - by allenskd

  I'm setting a local webserver to do a lot of web development work from now on. I'm not really knowledgeable in hosting configuration. Thing is I just added mydomain.com in /etc/hosts that's fine but what's the next step? TI need to use the wildcard on *.mydomain.com, so I'm figuring I need to add my zone in bind, is this correct? so I can make use of virtual hosts in apache and in play-framework Everything will be local, but once in a while I want to make public of my webserver to certain people using the no-ip service, in windows I've done it, in linux I don't know if it's any difference. The question is pretty much if I'm configuring it right or not? If this sounds confusing let me know, I'll try to detail it more

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