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• How to get a CSS Layout like at elkaniho.com/

  - by Enatom

  Hi, This website http://www.elkaniho.com/ has a CSS layout which is what i want, you see, the divs stack on top of each other, not on a precise grid, but just at the bottom and on the side. And when you re-size the browser, they all re-adjust perfectly? anyone know how i can get the same layout like at elkaniho.com or what type of layout this is called?

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• CakePHP - Just Layout?

  - by Kieran

  I want to set $this->layout to json in the controller action. In the json layout, there will be a line saying $this->Javascript>object(); which will parse through the data given to it by the controller, and output the jSON. However, creating a new view file for each jSON request, eg. recipe_view, ingredient_view isn't necessary, I just need a layout. Is there a way to bypass the view file altogether and have just the layout, without the notorious Missing View! error? Many Thanks Kieran

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• In Sinatra, best way to serve iPhone layout vs. normal layout?

  - by Doug

  I'm writing a Sinatra app which needs to render different layouts based on whether the user is using an iPhone or a regular browser. I can detect the browser type using Rack-Mobile-Detect but I'm not sure of the best way to tell Sinatra which layout to use. Also, I have a feeling that how I choose to do this may also break page caching. Is that true? Example code: require 'sinatra/base' require 'haml' require 'rack/mobile-detect' class Orca < Sinatra::Base use Rack::MobileDetect helpers do def choose_layout if request.env['X_MOBILE_DEVICE'] == :iPhone # use iPhone layout else # use normal layout end end end before do # should I use a before filter? choose_layout() end get '/' do haml :home # with proper layout end end #Class Orca

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• C struct memory layout?

  - by Eonil

  I have C# background. Very newbie to low level language like C. In C#, memory layout by compiler by default, and I have to specify some special attribute to override this behavior for exact layout. As I know, C does not re-align by default. But I heard there's a little re-aligning behavior which very hard to find. Can I know about C's memory layout behavior? (what should be re-aligned and not)

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• How to change a sub layout dynamically

  - by user1762121

  I am newbie in android, but I want to change the contents of a layout, that is inside another layout, due to clicks on buttons. ----------------------------- | Button | Button | Button | ----------------------------- | | | Layout that changes | | dynamically | | | | | ------------------------------ Thanks

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• Apps crashing with EXC_BAD_ACCESS when changing to a custom keyboard layout

  - by Adam Lindberg

  I have a custom layout installed (svdvorak_mac6.keylayout). After a reboot another keyboard layout was selected, so I selected my usual one instead. This lead to a lot of apps suddenly starting to crash (Chrome, Skype, Adium etc). I can change to any other built in layout for OS X, but as soon as I choose one custom installed one (either form ~/Library/Keyboard Layouts/ or from /Library/Keyboard Layouts/) the apps crash. The only thing I can remember that I did before the reboot was to install Google's video chat plugin for the browser. Here's the crash report from Adium: Process: Adium [372] Path: /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/MacOS/Adium Identifier: com.adiumX.adiumX Version: 1.4.1 (1.4.1) Code Type: X86 (Native) Parent Process: launchd [182] Date/Time: 2010-12-22 22:39:47.833 +0100 OS Version: Mac OS X 10.6.5 (10H574) Report Version: 6 Interval Since Last Report: 257401 sec Crashes Since Last Report: 39 Per-App Interval Since Last Report: 1178959 sec Per-App Crashes Since Last Report: 8 Anonymous UUID: 7CBACDEB-FBAF-4CD5-9C15-7AEA8AC4B5EF Exception Type: EXC_BAD_ACCESS (SIGBUS) Exception Codes: KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE at 0x0000000000000000 Crashed Thread: 0 Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread Thread 0 Crashed: Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread 0 com.apple.HIToolbox 0x99722b6d islGetInputSourceProperty + 1107 1 com.apple.HIToolbox 0x9972262c TSMGetInputSourceProperty + 526 2 com.apple.HIToolbox 0x9972787a _ISSendWindowServerKeyboardLayoutUpdate + 412 3 com.apple.HIToolbox 0x9972622b _TSMSetInputSourceSelected + 1429 4 com.apple.HIToolbox 0x99980209 TSMMessagePortCallBack + 574 5 com.apple.CoreFoundation 0x9226840c __CFMessagePortPerform + 540 6 com.apple.CoreFoundation 0x921d34db __CFRunLoopRun + 6523 7 com.apple.CoreFoundation 0x921d1464 CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 452 8 com.apple.CoreFoundation 0x921d1291 CFRunLoopRunInMode + 97 9 com.apple.HIToolbox 0x99717f58 RunCurrentEventLoopInMode + 392 10 com.apple.HIToolbox 0x99717d0f ReceiveNextEventCommon + 354 11 com.apple.HIToolbox 0x99717b94 BlockUntilNextEventMatchingListInMode + 81 12 com.apple.AppKit 0x9189478d _DPSNextEvent + 847 13 com.apple.AppKit 0x91893fce -[NSApplication nextEventMatchingMask:untilDate:inMode:dequeue:] + 156 14 com.apple.AppKit 0x91856247 -[NSApplication run] + 821 15 com.apple.AppKit 0x9184e2d9 NSApplicationMain + 574 16 com.adiumX.adiumX 0x0000322e 0x1000 + 8750 Thread 1: Dispatch queue: com.apple.libdispatch-manager 0 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968f5982 kevent + 10 1 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968f609c _dispatch_mgr_invoke + 215 2 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968f5559 _dispatch_queue_invoke + 163 3 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968f52fe _dispatch_worker_thread2 + 240 4 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968f4d81 _pthread_wqthread + 390 5 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968f4bc6 start_wqthread + 30 Thread 2: 0 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968f4a12 __workq_kernreturn + 10 1 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968f4fa8 _pthread_wqthread + 941 2 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968f4bc6 start_wqthread + 30 Thread 3: com.apple.CFSocket.private 0 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968ee0c6 select$DARWIN_EXTSN + 10 1 com.apple.CoreFoundation 0x92211c83 __CFSocketManager + 1091 2 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968fc85d _pthread_start + 345 3 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968fc6e2 thread_start + 34 Thread 4: 0 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968f4a12 __workq_kernreturn + 10 1 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968f4fa8 _pthread_wqthread + 941 2 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968f4bc6 start_wqthread + 30 Thread 5: 0 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968cf15a semaphore_timedwait_signal_trap + 10 1 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968fcce5 _pthread_cond_wait + 1066 2 libSystem.B.dylib 0x9692bac8 pthread_cond_timedwait_relative_np + 47 3 ...apple.AddressBook.framework 0x9310043f -[ABRemoteImageLoader workLoop] + 283 4 com.apple.Foundation 0x97822bf0 -[NSThread main] + 45 5 com.apple.Foundation 0x97822ba0 __NSThread__main__ + 1499 6 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968fc85d _pthread_start + 345 7 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968fc6e2 thread_start + 34 Thread 6: 0 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968cf0fa mach_msg_trap + 10 1 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968cf867 mach_msg + 68 2 com.apple.CoreFoundation 0x921d237f __CFRunLoopRun + 2079 3 com.apple.CoreFoundation 0x921d1464 CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 452 4 com.apple.CoreFoundation 0x921d1291 CFRunLoopRunInMode + 97 5 com.apple.Foundation 0x9785b7d0 +[NSURLConnection(NSURLConnectionReallyInternal) _resourceLoadLoop:] + 329 6 com.apple.Foundation 0x97822bf0 -[NSThread main] + 45 7 com.apple.Foundation 0x97822ba0 __NSThread__main__ + 1499 8 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968fc85d _pthread_start + 345 9 libSystem.B.dylib 0x968fc6e2 thread_start + 34 Thread 0 crashed with X86 Thread State (32-bit): eax: 0x00000670 ebx: 0x9972272e ecx: 0x00000000 edx: 0x00000002 edi: 0xa0c3b214 esi: 0x00000004 ebp: 0xbfffe6c8 esp: 0xbfffe660 ss: 0x0000001f efl: 0x00010202 eip: 0x99722b6d cs: 0x00000017 ds: 0x0000001f es: 0x0000001f fs: 0x00000000 gs: 0x00000037 cr2: 0x00000000 Binary Images: 0x1000 - 0x1a0ff7 +com.adiumX.adiumX 1.4.1 (1.4.1) <136586E8-F3F5-99ED-DB1F-48C0027686CB> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/MacOS/Adium 0x1f9000 - 0x23efe7 +AIUtilities ??? (???) <565A1BC2-4B50-6277-D127-AFBF01F90CE3> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/AIUtilities.framework/Versions/A/AIUtilities 0x2af000 - 0x307ff7 +com.adiumX.AdiumPurple ??? (1.0) <F4C2A8E4-695E-7CCE-41F3-F8960AFDC149> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/AdiumLibpurple.framework/Versions/A/AdiumLibpurple 0x34b000 - 0x3ddfe7 +Adium ??? (???) <774A171B-ED45-D221-6A37-486AA15C8BA5> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/Adium.framework/Versions/A/Adium 0x439000 - 0x510ff7 +com.googlepages.openspecies.rtool.libglib 2.0.0 (2.0.0) <C620AA58-CFC4-855E-1F2F-F84D9335CD5D> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/libglib.framework/Versions/2.0.0/libglib 0x53d000 - 0x53eff7 +com.googlepages.openspecies.rtool.libgmodule 2.0.0 (2.0.0) <11FF9396-454A-394B-1B12-D84AD535F6F6> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/libgmodule.framework/Versions/2.0.0/libgmodule 0x542000 - 0x578fe7 +com.googlepages.openspecies.rtool.libgobject 2.0.0 (2.0.0) <D69FB8D0-D271-EC20-42DD-04FCC65A72BF> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/libgobject.framework/Versions/2.0.0/libgobject 0x58e000 - 0x590ff7 +com.googlepages.openspecies.rtool.libgthread 2.0.0 (2.0.0) <5D4B8DC6-28E3-9285-8E2A-2D7A3CBE11C5> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/libgthread.framework/Versions/2.0.0/libgthread 0x594000 - 0x59eff7 +com.googlepages.openspecies.rtool.libintl 8 (8) <343C9F94-8840-4465-64E4-86A0092AD69F> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/libintl.framework/Versions/8/libintl 0x5a3000 - 0x5cbff7 +com.googlepages.openspecies.rtool.libmeanwhile 1 (1) <7B341D44-FA86-F7C3-E800-7D1169EB9CE2> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/libmeanwhile.framework/Versions/1/libmeanwhile 0x5e0000 - 0x81bff7 +libpurple 8.5.0 (compatibility 8.0.0) <DEB5CE6C-2A4A-16CA-E0EF-DDE812865406> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/libpurple.framework/Versions/0/libpurple 0x8c3000 - 0x978fe7 libcrypto.0.9.7.dylib 0.9.7 (compatibility 0.9.7) <AACC86C0-86B4-B1A7-003F-2A0AF68973A2> /usr/lib/libcrypto.0.9.7.dylib 0x9be000 - 0x9ccff7 +com.dpompa.fribidi ??? (1.0) <EA8AEBCF-DFE5-85FB-5C0E-EB3AB5B0A950> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/FriBidi.framework/Versions/A/FriBidi 0x21d2000 - 0x21e1fe7 +AutoHyperlinks ??? (???) <A8B5F9E1-E259-F33F-9E60-F4E37B1ED500> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/AutoHyperlinks.framework/Versions/A/AutoHyperlinks 0x21e7000 - 0x21f3ff7 +net.brockerhoff.RBSplitView.Framework 1.1.4 (1.1.4) <D92691AA-294F-A85D-E7E1-01AD0A0717D2> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/RBSplitView.framework/Versions/A/RBSplitView 0x21fb000 - 0x220efff +org.andymatuschak.Sparkle 1.5 Beta (bzr) (340) <E0109DBE-F614-66D0-9B82-6151BC40DAD7> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/Sparkle.framework/Versions/A/Sparkle 0x221c000 - 0x226cfef +com.adiumX.OTR ??? (1.0) <BAE9D6BD-60D5-B53B-19BC-C17287F55EE9> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/OTR.framework/Versions/A/OTR 0x227d000 - 0x2280ff7 +org.boredzo.LMX ??? (1.0) <92632179-5CFB-EA6B-AAE7-5F4B98BF0CD9> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/LMX.framework/Versions/A/LMX 0x2286000 - 0x228dff1 +net.oauth.OAuthConsumer ??? (0.1.1) <025882EC-04DA-763B-18F5-5266A5D185FD> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/OAuthConsumer.framework/Versions/A/OAuthConsumer 0x2296000 - 0x22a6fe7 +com.googlepages.openspecies.rtool.libjson-glib 1.0.0 (1.0.0) <016CAFB1-DD85-3C9D-411C-C696D9D57213> /Applications/Adium.app/Contents/Frameworks/libjson-glib.framework/Versions/1.0.0/libjson-glib 0x2784000 - 0x2788ff3 com.apple.audio.AudioIPCPlugIn 1.1.6 (1.1.6) <F402CF88-D96C-42A0-3207-49759F496AE8> /System/Library/Extensions/AudioIPCDriver.kext/Contents/Resources/AudioIPCPlugIn.bundle/Contents/MacOS/AudioIPCPlugIn 0x278d000 - 0x2793ffb com.apple.audio.AppleHDAHALPlugIn 1.9.9 (1.9.9f12) <82BFF5E9-2B0E-FE8B-8370-445DD94DA434> /System/Library/Extensions/AppleHDA.kext/Contents/PlugIns/AppleHDAHALPlugIn.bundle/Contents/MacOS/AppleHDAHALPlugIn 0x15fda000 - 0x15fdcff7 apop.so ??? (???) <B365DF5B-6A00-9595-27FF-4811B12B1C19> /usr/lib/sasl2/apop.so 0x15fe0000 - 0x15fe9ff7 digestmd5WebDAV.so ??? (???) <FC8C0A3E-1BC3-5016-95E1-E7EF9FF37242> /usr/lib/sasl2/digestmd5WebDAV.so 0x15fee000 - 0x15ff0ff7 libanonymous.2.so ??? (???) <41A1E196-0AB4-1ADD-6362-BB53A0E57ABA> /usr/lib/sasl2/libanonymous.2.so 0x15ff4000 - 0x15ff6ff7 libcrammd5.2.so ??? (???) <032F08C3-2D26-F956-4799-1012A1BBCB71> /usr/lib/sasl2/libcrammd5.2.so 0x15ffa000 - 0x15ffcff7 login.so ??? (???) <4E0B45F7-243E-A3FD-AA75-EF653590BF17> /usr/lib/sasl2/login.so 0x16100000 - 0x16116ff7 dhx.so ??? (???) <B50D8278-4246-4086-E0AF-3CBE96AE9837> /usr/lib/sasl2/dhx.so 0x16123000 - 0x1612bff7 libdigestmd5.2.so ??? (???) <E8D78B02-D51C-F2CB-C4BA-AC9231ED8006> /usr/lib/sasl2/libdigestmd5.2.so 0x16130000 - 0x16135ff7 libgssapiv2.2.so ??? (???) <193995B9-1C15-BEB2-40B7-1598D82F29BB> /usr/lib/sasl2/libgssapiv2.2.so 0x1613a000 - 0x1613fff7 libntlm.so ??? (???) <F97C955D-E521-216F-E8F0-79E8C907217A> /usr/lib/sasl2/libntlm.so 0x16144000 - 0x1614bff7 libotp.2.so ??? (???) <3DF61F7F-4929-A37D-01CB-9A7A90E3B9B7> /usr/lib/sasl2/libotp.2.so 0x16152000 - 0x16154ff7 libplain.2.so ??? (???) <5CC9D89A-9656-EEE8-64AB-E61A22FA8465> /usr/lib/sasl2/libplain.2.so 0x16158000 - 0x1615cff7 libpps.so ??? (???) <C5A25A99-412E-AD7F-D6FD-C4CC07B7B2A5> /usr/lib/sasl2/libpps.so 0x16161000 - 0x16164ff7 mschapv2.so ??? (???) <34DFB657-5E2E-5B83-713B-F57ACFB1E091> /usr/lib/sasl2/mschapv2.so 0x16169000 - 0x1616bff7 shadow_auxprop.so ??? (???) <4073854F-B4C8-A0D4-C0FF-7A0C93BFC70E> /usr/lib/sasl2/shadow_auxprop.so 0x16170000 - 0x16172ff7 smb_lm.so ??? (???) <4B7A54D8-241D-CC8C-8759-4C7DC562369D> /usr/lib/sasl2/smb_lm.so 0x16177000 - 0x1617aff7 smb_nt.so ??? (???) <7B7D31B1-10A1-1AE9-E323-C19A3C52DC03> /usr/lib/sasl2/smb_nt.so 0x1617f000 - 0x16182ff7 smb_ntlmv2.so ??? (???) <3BFE5AA9-F215-36B5-E7D7-46BE1BFD63EA> /usr/lib/sasl2/smb_ntlmv2.so 0x194c1000 - 0x19639fe7 GLEngine ??? (???) <A4BBE58C-1211-0473-7B78-C3BA7AC29C9B> /System/Library/Frameworks/OpenGL.framework/Resources/GLEngine.bundle/GLEngine 0x1966b000 - 0x19a70fe7 libclh.dylib 3.1.1 C (3.1.1) <D1A3D8AD-0FED-4AD2-AB43-CF804B7BDBF9> /System/Library/Extensions/GeForceGLDriver.bundle/Contents/MacOS/libclh.dylib 0x19ae8000 - 0x19b0cfe7 GLRendererFloat ??? (???) <EFE5EC6D-74B2-37A2-92E4-526A2EF6B791> /System/Library/Frameworks/OpenGL.framework/Resources/GLRendererFloat.bundle/GLRendererFloat 0x8f0c8000 - 0x8f811ff7 com.apple.GeForceGLDriver 1.6.24 (6.2.4) <DCC16E52-B1F1-90E6-E839-D30DF4CBA468> /System/Library/Extensions/GeForceGLDriver.bundle/Contents/MacOS/GeForceGLDriver 0x8fe00000 - 0x8fe4162b dyld 132.1 (???) <39AC3185-E633-68AA-7CD6-1230E7F1CEF4> /usr/lib/dyld 0x90003000 - 0x90005fe7 com.apple.ExceptionHandling 1.5 (10) <03218275-EBEC-39AA-895A-BA72A5FDBB7A> /System/Library/Frameworks/ExceptionHandling.framework/Versions/A/ExceptionHandling 0x90006000 - 0x90074ff7 com.apple.QuickLookUIFramework 2.3 (327.6) <74706A08-5399-24FE-00B2-4A702A6B83C1> /System/Library/Frameworks/Quartz.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/QuickLookUI.framework/Versions/A/QuickLookUI 0x90075000 - 0x900b2ff7 com.apple.SystemConfiguration 1.10.5 (1.10.2) <362DF639-6E5F-9371-9B99-81C581A8EE41> /System/Library/Frameworks/SystemConfiguration.framework/Versions/A/SystemConfiguration 0x900fa000 - 0x901d5feb com.apple.DesktopServices 1.5.9 (1.5.9) <CED00AC1-924B-0E45-7D5E-1CEA8929F5BE> /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/DesktopServicesPriv.framework/Versions/A/DesktopServicesPriv 0x901d6000 - 0x9021aff3 com.apple.coreui 2 (114) <2234855E-3BED-717F-0BFA-D1A289ECDBDA> /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/CoreUI.framework/Versions/A/CoreUI 0x9021b000 - 0x9021bff7 com.apple.CoreServices 44 (44) <51CFA89A-33DB-90ED-26A8-67D461718A4A> /System/Library/Frameworks/CoreServices.framework/Versions/A/CoreServices 0x90258000 - 0x90302fe7 com.apple.CFNetwork 454.11.5 (454.11.5) <D8963574-285A-3BD6-6B25-07D39C6F67A4> /System/Library/Frameworks/CoreServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/CFNetwork.framework/Versions/A/CFNetwork 0x90303000 - 0x9033efeb libFontRegistry.dylib ??? (???) <4FB144ED-8AF9-27CF-B315-DCE5575D5231> /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/ATS.framework/Versions/A/Resources/libFontRegistry.dylib 0x90342000 - 0x90366ff7 libJPEG.dylib ??? (???) <46AF3A0F-2B8D-87B9-62D4-0905678A64DA> /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/ImageIO.framework/Versions/A/Resources/libJPEG.dylib 0x90367000 - 0x9036afe7 libmathCommon.A.dylib 315.0.0 (compatibility 1.0.0) <1622A54F-1A98-2CBE-B6A4-2122981A500E> /usr/lib/system/libmathCommon.A.dylib 0x9036b000 - 0x903d5fe7 libstdc++.6.dylib 7.9.0 (compatibility 7.0.0) <411D87F4-B7E1-44EB-F201-F8B4F9227213> /usr/lib/libstdc++.6.dylib 0x903d6000 - 0x903daff7 IOSurface ??? (???) <D849E1A5-6B0C-2A05-2765-850EC39BA2FF> /System/Library/Frameworks/IOSurface.framework/Versions/A/IOSurface 0x903db000 - 0x903edff7 com.apple.MultitouchSupport.framework 207.10 (207.10) <E1A6F663-570B-CE54-0F8A-BBCCDECE3B42> /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/MultitouchSupport.framework/Versions/A/MultitouchSupport 0x90437000 - 0x90470ff7 libcups.2.dylib 2.8.0 (compatibility 2.0.0) <D6F24434-8217-DF72-2126-1953080680D7> /usr/lib/libcups.2.dylib 0x9049b000 - 0x904ccff7 libGLImage.dylib ??? (???) <78F59EAB-BBD4-7366-CA84-970547501978> /System/Library/Frameworks/OpenGL.framework/Versions/A/Libraries/libGLImage.dylib 0x904ec000 - 0x909a5ffb com.apple.VideoToolbox 0.484.20 (484.20) <E7B9F015-2569-43D7-5268-375ED937ECA5> /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/VideoToolbox.framework/Versions/A/VideoToolbox 0x909a6000 - 0x90ab5fe7 com.apple.WebKit 6533.19 (6533.19.4) <A942073C-83DF-33ED-3D01-A24DE8AEAB3D> /System/Library/Frameworks/WebKit.framework/Versions/A/WebKit 0x90ab6000 - 0x90ae6ff7 com.apple.MeshKit 1.1 (49.2) <5A74D1A4-4B97-FE39-4F4D-E0B80F0ADD87> /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/MeshKit.framework/Versions/A/MeshKit 0x90cc5000 - 0x90cfdff7 com.apple.LDAPFramework 2.0 (120.1) <131ED804-DD88-D84F-13F8-D48E0012B96F> /System/Library/Frameworks/LDAP.framework/Versions/A/LDAP 0x90cfe000 - 0x90f61fef com.apple.security 6.1.1 (37594) <1949216A-7583-B73A-6112-4D55CA5852E3> /System/Library/Frameworks/Security.framework/Versions/A/Security 0x90f62000 - 0x90f64ff7 com.apple.securityhi 4.0 (36638) <E7D83480-77BB-72F9-72F3-AEE198CE589F> /System/Library/Frameworks/Carbon.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/SecurityHI.framework/Versions/A/SecurityHI 0x90f65000 - 0x910e7fe7 libicucore.A.dylib 40.0.0 (compatibility 1.0.0) <35DB7644-0780-D2AB-F6A9-45F28D2D434A> /usr/lib/libicucore.A.dylib 0x910e8000 - 0x91217fe3 com.apple.audio.toolbox.AudioToolbox 1.6.5 (1.6.5) <0A0F68E5-4806-DB51-764B-D97554B801AD> /System/Library/Frameworks/AudioToolbox.framework/Versions/A/AudioToolbox 0x91218000 - 0x91538ff3 com.apple.CoreServices.CarbonCore 861.23 (861.23) <B08756E4-32C5-CC33-0268-7C00A5ED7537> /System/Library/Frameworks/CoreServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/CarbonCore.framework/Versions/A/CarbonCore 0x91539000 - 0x91578ff7 com.apple.ImageCaptureCore 1.0.3 (1.0.3) <7E02D104-F31C-CF72-71B4-DA5DF7B48337> /System/Library/Frameworks/ImageCaptureCore.framework/Versions/A/ImageCaptureCore 0x91579000 - 0x915b0fe7 libssl.0.9.8.dylib 0.9.8 (compatibility 0.9.8) <7DCB5938-3140-E71A-92BD-8C242F30C8F5> /usr/lib/libssl.0.9.8.dylib 0x915c4000 - 0x9163ffff com.apple.AppleVAFramework 4.10.12 (4.10.12) <89C4EBE2-FE27-3160-0BD1-D0C2ED5F3605> /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/AppleVA.framework/Versions/A/AppleVA 0x91640000 - 0x91742fef com.apple.MeshKitIO 1.1 (49.2) <D0401AC5-1F92-2BBB-EBAB-58EDD3BA61B9> /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/MeshKit.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/MeshKitIO.framework/Versions/A/MeshKitIO 0x91743000 - 0x91744ff7 com.apple.audio.units.AudioUnit 1.6.5 (1.6.5) <BE4C2495-B758-AD22-DCC0-56A6791E948E> /System/Library/Frameworks/AudioUnit.framework/Versions/A/AudioUnit 0x91769000 - 0x91777fe7 libz.1.dylib 1.2.3 (compatibility 1.0.0) <33C1B260-ED05-945D-FC33-EF56EC791E2E> /usr/lib/libz.1.dylib 0x91778000 - 0x9179afef com.apple.DirectoryService.Framework 3.6 (621.9) <F2EEE9D7-D4FB-14F3-E647-ABD32754F557> /System/Library/Frameworks/DirectoryService.framework/Versions/A/DirectoryService 0x9184c000 - 0x9212cff7 com.apple.AppKit 6.6.7 (1038.35) <ABC7783C-E4D5-B848-BED6-99451D94D120> /System/Library/Frameworks/AppKit.framework/Versions/C/AppKit 0x9212d000 - 0x9218efe7 com.apple.CoreText 3.5.0 (???) <BB50C045-25F5-65B8-B1DB-8CDAEF45EB46> /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/CoreText.framework/Versions/A/CoreText 0x9218f000 - 0x92194ff7 com.apple.OpenDirectory 10.6 (10.6) <C1B46982-7D3B-3CC4-3BC2-3E4B595F0231> /System/Library/Frameworks/OpenDirectory.framework/Versions/A/OpenDirectory 0x92195000 - 0x92310fe7 com.apple.CoreFoundation 6.6.4 (550.42) <C78D5079-663E-9734-7AFA-6CE79A0539F1> /System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/Versions/A/CoreFoundation 0x92311000 - 0x92351ff3 com.apple.securityinterface 4.0.1 (37214) <43CE8A8D-64E5-F36E-4900-FBB1BD6557F1> /System/Library/Frameworks/SecurityInterface.framework/Versions/A/SecurityInterface 0x92352000 - 0x92355ff7 libCGXType.A.dylib 545.0.0 (compatibility 64.0.0) <B624AACE-991B-0FFA-2482-E69970576CE1> /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/CoreGraphics.framework/Versions/A/Resources/libCGXType.A.dylib 0x924b9000 - 0x925fcfef com.apple.QTKit 7.6.6 (1756) <4D809734-4E1B-8E18-C825-86C5422FC3DC> /System/Library/Frameworks/QTKit.framework/Versions/A/QTKit 0x925fd000 - 0x9260dff7 libsasl2.2.dylib 3.15.0 (compatibility 3.0.0) <E276514D-394B-2FDD-6264-07A444AA6A4E> /usr/lib/libsasl2.2.dylib 0x92615000 - 0x92618ff7 libCoreVMClient.dylib ??? (???) <1F738E81-BB71-32C5-F1E9-C1302F71021C> /System/Library/Frameworks/OpenGL.framework/Versions/A/Libraries/libCoreVMClient.dylib 0x9262c000 - 0x92652ffb com.apple.DictionaryServices 1.1.2 (1.1.2) <43E1D565-6E01-3681-F2E5-72AE4C3A097A> /System/Library/Frameworks/CoreServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/DictionaryServices.framework/Versions/A/DictionaryServices 0x9294d000 - 0x9295dff7 com.apple.DSObjCWrappers.Framework 10.6 (134) <95DC4010-ECC4-3A75-5DEE-11BB2AE895EE> /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/DSObjCWrappers.framework/Versions/A/DSObjCWrappers 0x9295e000 - 0x929a0ff7 libvDSP.dylib 268.0.1 (compatibility 1.0.0) <8A4721DE-25C4-C8AA-EA90-9DA7812E3EBA> /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Versions/A/libvDSP.dylib 0x929a1000 - 0x929abfe7 com.apple.audio.SoundManager 3.9.3 (3.9.3) <DE0E0EF6-8190-3F65-6BDD-5AC9D8A025D6> /System/Library/Frameworks/Carbon.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/CarbonSound.framework/Versions/A/CarbonSound 0x929ac000 - 0x92a5cff3 com.apple.ColorSync 4.6.3 (4.6.3) <0354B408-665F-8B3F-87FF-64E6322276F0> /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/ColorSync.framework/Versions/A/ColorSync 0x92a5d000 - 0x92c3ffff com.apple.imageKit 2.0.3 (1.0) <B4DB05F7-01C5-35EE-7AB9-41BD9D63F075> /System/Library/Frameworks/Quartz.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/ImageKit.framework/Versions/A/ImageKit 0x92cf5000 - 0x92d4bff7 com.apple.MeshKitRuntime 1.1 (49.2) <CB9F38B1-E107-EA62-EDFF-02EE79F6D1A5> /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/MeshKit.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/MeshKitRuntime.framework/Versions/A/MeshKitRuntime 0x92d4c000 - 0x92d55ff7 com.apple.DiskArbitration 2.3 (2.3) <6AA6DDF6-AFC3-BBDB-751A-64AE3580A49E> /System/Library/Frameworks/DiskArbitration.framework/Versions/A/DiskArbitration 0x92dc6000 - 0x92df8fe3 libTrueTypeScaler.dylib ??? (???) <6E9D1A50-330E-F1F4-F93D-9ECC8A61B21A> /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/ATS.framework/Versions/A/Resources/libTrueTypeScaler.dylib 0x92e7a000 - 0x92e88ff7 com.apple.opengl 1.6.11 (1.6.11) <286D1BC4-4CD8-3CD4-F723-5C196FE15FE0> /System/Library/Frameworks/OpenGL.framework/Versions/A/OpenGL 0x92e89000 - 0x92ec7ff7 com.apple.QuickLookFramework 2.3 (327.6) <66955C29-0C99-D02C-DB18-4952AFB4E886> /System/Library/Frameworks/QuickLook.framework/Versions/A/QuickLook 0x92ec8000 - 0x92f92fef com.apple.CoreServices.OSServices 357 (357) <3A26F553-722D-3536-EEDE-FB41FCDAA7FD> /System/Library/Frameworks/CoreServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/OSServices.framework/Versions/A/OSServices 0x92f93000 - 0x92f97ff7 libGIF.dylib ??? (???) <DA5758A4-71B0-DD6E-7402-B7FB15387569> /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/ImageIO.framework/Versions/A/Resources/libGIF.dylib 0x92f98000 - 0x93099fe7 libxml2.2.dylib 10.3.0 (compatibility 10.0.0) <ED8E45C6-B078-15E8-938D-99D8FD1EAE64> /usr/lib/libxml2.2.dylib 0x9309a000 - 0x932a1feb com.apple.AddressBook.framework 5.0.3 (875) <759B660B-00F6-F08C-37CD-69468C774B5E> /System/Library/Frameworks/AddressBook.framework/Versions/A/AddressBook 0x932a2000 - 0x933aeff7 libGLProgrammability.dylib ??? (???) <8B308FAE-843F-EE76-0254-3374CBFFA7B3> /System/Library/Frameworks/OpenGL.framework/Versions/A/Libraries/libGLProgrammability.dylib 0x933bf000 - 0x933c2ffb com.apple.help 1.3.1 (41) <6A5AD406-9D8E-5BAC-51E1-E09AB9A6D159> /System/Library/Frameworks/Carbon.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/Help.framework/Versions/A/Help 0x933c3000 - 0x9372eff7 com.apple.QuartzCore 1.6.3 (227.34) <CC1C1631-D8D1-D416-171E-A1683274E479> /System/Library/Frameworks/QuartzCore.framework/Versions/A/QuartzCore 0x9372f000 - 0x93740ff7 com.apple.LangAnalysis 1.6.6 (1.6.6) <3036AD83-4F1D-1028-54EE-54165E562650> /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/LangAnalysis.framework/Versions/A/LangAnalysis 0x93741000 - 0x93755ffb com.apple.speech.synthesis.framework 3.10.35 (3.10.35) <9F5CE4F7-D05C-8C14-4B76-E43D07A8A680> /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/SpeechSynthesis.framework/Versions/A/SpeechSynthesis 0x93790000 - 0x937e1ff7 com.apple.HIServices 1.8.1 (???) <51BDD848-32A5-2425-BE07-BD037A89630A> /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/HIServices.framework/Versions/A/HIServices 0x937e2000 - 0x937e2ff7 liblangid.dylib ??? (???) <FCC37057-CDD7-2AF1-21AF-52A06C4048FF> /usr/lib/liblangid.dylib 0x937e3000 - 0x93a0eff3 com.apple.QuartzComposer 4.2 ({156.28}) <08AF01DC-110D-9443-3916-699DBDED0149> /System/Library/Frameworks/Quartz.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/QuartzComposer.framework/Versions/A/QuartzComposer 0x93a17000 - 0x93a21ffb com.apple.speech.recognition.framework 3.11.1 (3.11.1) <7486003F-8FDB-BD6C-CB34-DE45315BD82C> /System/Library/Frameworks/Carbon.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/SpeechRecognition.framework/Versions/A/SpeechRecognition 0x93a22000 - 0x93a28fff com.apple.CommonPanels 1.2.4 (91) <CE92759E-865E-8A3B-1488-ECD497E4074D> /System/Library/Frameworks/Carbon.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/CommonPanels.framework/Versions/A/CommonPanels 0x93b47000 - 0x93b94feb com.apple.DirectoryService.PasswordServerFramework 6.0 (6.0) <27F3FF53-F818-9836-2101-3E963FE0C0E0> /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/PasswordServer.framework/Versions/A/PasswordServer 0x93b95000 - 0x93c30ff7 com.apple.ApplicationServices.ATS 4.4 (???) <ECB16606-4DF8-4AFB-C91D-F7947C26040F> /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/ATS.framework/Versions/A/ATS 0x93c31000 - 0x93c31ff7 com.apple.quartzframework 1.5 (1.5) <7DD4EBF1-60C4-9329-08EF-6E59731D9430> /System/Library/Frameworks/Quartz.framework/Versions/A/Quartz 0x93d51000 - 0x93d72fe7 com.apple.opencl 12.3 (12.3) <DEA600BF-4F54-66B5-DB2F-DC57FD518543> /System/Library/Frameworks/OpenCL.framework/Versions/A/OpenCL 0x93d73000 - 0x93e77fe7 libcrypto.0.9.8.dylib 0.9.8 (compatibility 0.9.8) <BDEFA030-5E75-7C47-2904-85AB16937F45> /usr/lib/libcrypto.0.9.8.dylib 0x93e78000 - 0x93ef8feb com.apple.SearchKit 1.3.0 (1.3.0) <7AE32A31-2B8E-E271-C03A-7A0F7BAFC85C> /System/Library/Frameworks/CoreServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/SearchKit.framework/Versions/A/SearchKit 0x93ef9000 - 0x93f68ff7 libvMisc.dylib 268.0.1 (compatibility 1.0.0) <595A5539-9F54-63E6-7AAC-C04E1574B050> /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Versions/A/libvMisc.dylib 0x93f69000 - 0x94122feb com.apple.ImageIO.framework 3.0.4 (3.0.4) <C145139E-24C4-5A3D-B17C-809D528354B2> /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/ImageIO.framework/Versions/A/ImageIO 0x94123000 - 0x94166ff7 com.apple.NavigationServices 3.5.4 (182) <8DC6FD4A-6C74-9C23-A4C3-715B44A8D28C> /System/Library/Frameworks/Carbon.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/NavigationServices.framework/Versions/A/NavigationServices 0x941a0000 - 0x941fafe7 com.apple.CorePDF 1.3 (1.3) <EA168671-F44F-BFE4-AA7D-3801DA29A650> /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/CorePDF.framework/Versions/A/CorePDF 0x941fb000 - 0x94258ff7 com.apple.framework.IOKit 2.0 (???) <A769737F-E0D6-FB06-29B4-915CF4F43420> /System/Library/Frameworks/IOKit.framework/Versions/A/IOKit 0x94259000 - 0x9425dff7 libGFXShared.dylib ??? (???) <C3A805C4-C0E5-B300-430A-7E811395CB8E> /System/Library/Frameworks/OpenGL.framework/Versions/A/Libraries/libGFXShared.dylib 0x942ef000 - 0x9439dff3 com.apple.ink.framework 1.3.3 (107) <233A981E-A2F9-56FB-8BDE-C2DEC3F20784> /System/Library/Frameworks/Carbon.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/Ink.framework/Versions/A/Ink 0x9439e000 - 0x94b8d557 com.apple.CoreGraphics 1.545.0 (???) <1AB39678-00D5-FB88-3B41-93D78348E0DE> /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/CoreGraphics.framework/Versions/A/CoreGraphics 0x94b8e000 - 0x94bd7fe7 libTIFF.dylib ??? (???) <AC1FC806-F7F4-174B-375F-FE5D6008666C> /System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/ImageIO.framework/Versions/A/Resources/libTIFF.dylib 0x94e21000 - 0x94f4ffe7 com.apple.CoreData 102.1 (251) <87FE6861-F2D6-773D-ED45-345272E56463> /System/Library/Frameworks/CoreData.framework/Versions/A/CoreData 0x95ea3000 - 0x95ee6ff7 libGLU.dylib ??? (???) <F8580594-0B38-F3ED-A715-CB3776B747A0> /System/Library/Frameworks/OpenGL.framework/Versions/A/Libraries/libGLU.dylib 0x95eef000 - 0x95f71ffb SecurityFoundation ??? (???) <A8D248DE-8670-970D-39E3-A9738CFDBEE1> /System/Library/Frameworks/SecurityFoundation.framework/Versions/A/SecurityFoundation 0x95f72000 - 0x95f7fff7 com.apple.NetFS 3.2.1 (3.2.1) <94A52A6D-F071-09D7-E80F-F633F17233FE> /System/Library/Frameworks/NetFS.framework/Versions/A/NetFS 0x95f80000 - 0x95f82ff7 libRadiance.dylib ??? (???) <10048B4A-2AE8-A4E2-21B8-C6E7A8C5B76F> snip... Superuser character limit :-(

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• Loose Coupling in Object Oriented Design

  - by m3th0dman

  I am trying to learn GRASP and I found this explained (here on page 3) about Low Coupling and I was very surprised when I found this: Consider the method addTrack for an Album class, two possible methods are: addTrack( Track t ) and addTrack( int no, String title, double duration ) Which method reduces coupling? The second one does, since the class using the Album class does not have to know a Track class. In general, parameters to methods should use base types (int, char ...) and classes from the java.* packages. I tend to diasgree with this; I believe addTrack(Track t) is better than addTrack(int no, String title, double duration) due to various reasons: It is always better for a method to as fewer parameters as possible (according to Uncle Bob's Clean Code none or one preferably, 2 in some cases and 3 in special cases; more than 3 needs refactoring - these are of course recommendations not holly rules). If addTrack is a method of an interface, and the requirements need that a Track should have more information (say year or genre) then the interface needs to be changed and so that the method should supports another parameter. Encapsulation is broke; if addTrack is in an interface, then it should not know the internals of the Track. It is actually more coupled in the second way, with many parameters. Suppose the no parameter needs to be changed from int to long because there are more than MAX_INT tracks (or for whatever reason); then both the Track and the method need to be changed while if the method would be addTrack(Track track) only the Track would be changed. All the 4 arguments are actually connected with each other, and some of them are consequences from others. Which approach is better?

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• Object model design: collections on classes

  - by Luke Puplett

  Hi all, Consider Train.Passengers, what type would you use for Passengers where passengers are not supposed to be added or removed by the consuming code? I'm using .NET Framework, so this discussion would suit .NET, but it could apply to a number of modern languages/frameworks. In the .NET Framework, the List is not supposed to be publicly exposed. There's Collection and ICollection and guidance, which I tend to agree with, is to return the closest concrete type down the inheritance tree, so that'd be Collection since it is already an ICollection. But Collection has read/write semantics and so possibly it should be a ReadOnlyCollection, but its arguably common sense not to alter the contents of a collection that you don't have intimate knowledge about so is it necessary? And it requires extra work internally and can be a pain with (de)serialization. At the extreme ends I could just return Person[] (since LINQ now provides much of the benefits that previously would have been afforded by a more specified collection) or even build a strongly-typed PersonCollection or ReadOnlyPersonCollection! What do you do? Thanks for your time. Luke

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• Circular dependency and object creation when attempting DDD

  - by Matthew

  I have a domain where an Organization has People. Organization Entity public class Organization { private readonly List<Person> _people = new List<Person>(); public Person CreatePerson(string name) { var person = new Person(organization, name); _people.Add(person); return person; } public IEnumerable<Person> People { get { return _people; } } } Person Entity public class Person { public Person(Organization organization, string name) { if (organization == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("organization"); } Organization = organization; Name = name; } public Organization { get; private set; } public Name { get; private set; } } The rule for this relationship is that a Person must belong to exactly one Organization. The invariants I want to guarantee are: A person must have an organization this is enforced via the Person's constuctor An organization must know of its people this is why the Organization has a CreatePerson method A person must belong to only one organization this is why the organization's people list is not publicly mutable (ignoring the casting to List, maybe ToEnumerable can enforce that, not too concerned about it though) What I want out of this is that if a person is created, that the organization knows about its creation. However, the problem with the model currently is that you are able to create a person without ever adding it to the organizations collection. Here's a failing unit-test to describe my problem [Test] public void AnOrganizationMustKnowOfItsPeople() { var organization = new Organization(); var person = new Person(organization, "Steve McQueen"); CollectionAssert.Contains(organization.People, person); } What is the most idiomatic way to enforce the invariants and the circular relationship?

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• International multi-OS keyboard layout for both coding and surfing?

  - by rassie

  So yes, the problem has been raised in parts multiple times already. Still I'm looking for a keyboard layout that has the following features: Easy on fingers (Dvorak-like layouts welcome) Easy for coding Includes german characters (typing ä with AltGr-p is not ok). Works well with web-browsing (Ctrl-t and Ctrl-w on one hand, left one very much preferred, since that's where my ex-CapsLock, now Ctrl lies) Works well with default Emacs bindings Works on both Windows and Linux (at least easily installable) I've looked at Dvorak and Neo, they both have a "shortcut problem", i.e. web-browsing and most frequent Emacs combinations use both parts of the keyboard. Using right Ctrl is usually not an option, since it'll give me RSI much faster than keeping QWERTY/Z. Funnily enough, mirroring the default Neo layout would probably be enough for me. So, any ideas?

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• Linux Development System Layout.Configuration

  - by tom smith

  Hi. Looking to create a linux based development/test system. I'm the only one using it. Will be using a variant of rhel/centos/fedora, with a 640G drive, and an external 250G as a kind of backup. Looking for thoughts/comments on the layout/config of the drive for the install/creation process. My primary goal is to be able to "backup"/restore the work product so i'd like OS to be separate from everything else. Thoughts/commnents/ponters appreciated. Thanks

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• Is functional programming a superset of object oriented?

  - by Jimmy Hoffa

  The more functional programming I do, the more I feel like it adds an extra layer of abstraction that seems like how an onion's layer is- all encompassing of the previous layers. I don't know if this is true so going off the OOP principles I've worked with for years, can anyone explain how functional does or doesn't accurately depict any of them: Encapsulation, Abstraction, Inheritance, Polymorphism I think we can all say, yes it has encapsulation via tuples, or do tuples count technically as fact of "functional programming" or are they just a utility of the language? I know Haskell can meet the "interfaces" requirement, but again not certain if it's method is a fact of functional? I'm guessing that the fact that functors have a mathematical basis you could say those are a definite built in expectation of functional, perhaps? Please, detail how you think functional does or does not fulfill the 4 principles of OOP.

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• Recommended reading for (Object Oriented) application design architecture?

  - by e4rthdog

  In life it doesnt matter if you do one thing for 15 years. You will end up waking one day and asking stuff that are equal to "how do i walk?" :) My specific question is that as a new entrant to C# and OOP i am stepping into many little "details" that need to be addressed. Written a lot of code in VB.NET / cobol / simple php e.t.c surely does not help much into the OOP world... So , even after reading entry level books for C# and watching some videos i recently found out about the "factory model design" for applications. I would appreciate if any of you guys recomment some reading on application design architecture for further reading...

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• Newton Game Dynamics: Making an object not affect another object

  - by Boreal

  I'm going to be using Newton in my networked action game with Mogre. There will be two "types" of physics object: global and local. Global objects will be kept in sync for everybody; these include the players, projectiles, and other gameplay-related objects. Local objects are purely for effect, like ragdolls, debris, and particles. Is there a way to make the global objects affect the local objects without actually getting affected themselves? I'd like debris to bounce off of a tank, but I don't want the tank to respond in any way.

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• Keyboard layout for mathematical/Greek symbols

  - by David

  I've been wondering about this for a long time but never thought to ask: I do a lot of scientific work so there are many times it would be really handy to be able to type mathematical symbols or Greek letters which, for the most part, aren't part of the ASCII character set. Like "8 µ ? s t ? ? … v ? = = ±" and so on. Is there a keyboard layout (for Linux) that maps simple key combinations to these kinds of characters? (Assuming all the encoding and font issues are worked out properly) I know I could create one myself but it'd be a lot easier if someone's already done the work, or at least if there's a partial solution I could modify.

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• Design for object with optional and modifiable attributtes?

  - by Ikuzen

  I've been using the Builder pattern to create objects with a large number of attributes, where most of them are optional. But up until now, I've defined them as final, as recommended by Joshua Block and other authors, and haven't needed to change their values. I am wondering what should I do though if I need a class with a substantial number of optional but non-final (mutable) attributes? My Builder pattern code looks like this: public class Example { //All possible parameters (optional or not) private final int param1; private final int param2; //Builder class public static class Builder { private final int param1; //Required parameters private int param2 = 0; //Optional parameters - initialized to default //Builder constructor public Builder (int param1) { this.param1 = param1; } //Setter-like methods for optional parameters public Builder param2(int value) { param2 = value; return this; } //build() method public Example build() { return new Example(this); } } //Private constructor private Example(Builder builder) { param1 = builder.param1; param2 = builder.param2; } } Can I just remove the final keyword from the declaration to be able to access the attributes externally (through normal setters, for example)? Or is there a creational pattern that allows optional but non-final attributes that would be better suited in this case?

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• Object inheritance and method parameters/return types - Please check my logic

  - by user2368481

  I'm preparing for a test and doing practice questions, this one in particular I am unsure I did correctly: We are given a very simple UML diagram to demonstrate inheritance: I hope this is clear, it shows that W inherits from V and so on: |-----Y V <|----- W<|-----| |-----X<|----Z and this code: public X method1(){....} method2(new Y()); method2(method1()); method2(method3()); The questions and my answers: Q: What types of objects could method1 actually return? A: X and Z, since the method definition includes X as the return type and since Z is a kind of X is would be OK to return either. Q: What could the parameter type of method2 be? A: Since method2 in the code accepts Y, X and Z (as the return from method1), the parameter type must be either V or W, as Y,X and Z inherit from both of these. Q: What could return type of method3 be? A: Return type of method3 must be V or W as this would be consistent with answer 2.

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• Tips about how to spread Object Oriented practices

  - by Augusto

  I work for a medium company that has around 250 developers. Unfortunately, lots of them are stuck in a procedural way of thinking and some teams constantly deliver big Transactional Script applications, when in fact the application contains rich logic. They also fail to manage the design dependencies, and end up with services which depend on another large number of services (a clean example of Big Ball of Mud). My question is: Can you suggest how to spread this type of knowledge? I know that the surface of the problem is that these applications have a poor architecture and design. Another issue is that there are some developers who are against writing any kind of test. A few things I'm doing to change this (but I'm either failing or the change is too small are) Running presentations about design principles (SOLID, clean code, etc). Workshops about TDD and BDD. Coaching teams (this includes using sonar, findbugs, jdepend and other tools). IDE & Refactoring talks. A few things I'm thinking to do in the future (but I'm concern that they might not be good) Form a team of OO evangelists, who disseminate an OO way of thinking in differet teams (these people would need to change teams every few months). Running design review sessions, to criticise the design and suggest improvements (even if the improvements are not done because of time constraints, I think this might be useful) . Something I found with the teams I coach, is that as soon as I leave them, they revert back to the old practices. I know I don't spend a lot of time with them, usually just one month. So whatever I'm doing, it doesn't stick. I'm sorry this question is spattered with frustration, but the alterative to write this was to hit my head on the wall until I pass out.

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• Object construction design

  - by James

  I recently started to use c# to interface with a database, and there was one part of the process that appeared odd to me. When creating a SqlCommand, the method I was lead to took the form: SqlCommand myCommand = new SqlCommand("Command String", myConnection); Coming from a Java background, I was expecting something more similar to SqlCommand myCommand = myConnection.createCommand("Command String"); I am asking, in terms of design, what is the difference between the two? The phrase "single responsibility" has been used to suggest that a connection should not be responsible for creating SqlCommands, but I would also say that, in my mind, the difference between the two is partly a mental one of the difference between a connection executing a command and a command acting on a connection, the latter of which seems less like what I have been lead to believe OOP should be. There is also a part of me wondering if the two should be completely separate, and should only come together in some sort of connection.execute(command) method. Can anyone help clear up these differences? Are any of these methods "more correct" than the others from an OO point of view? (P.S. the fact that c# is used is completely irrelevant. It just highlighted to me that different approaches were used)

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• International multi-OS keyboard layout for both coding and surfing?

  - by Nikolai Prokoschenko

  So yes, the problem has been raised in parts multiple times already. Still I'm looking for a keyboard layout that has the following features: Easy on fingers (Dvorak-like layouts welcome) Easy for coding Includes German characters (typing ä with AltGr-p is not ok). Works well with web-browsing (Ctrl-t and Ctrl-w on one hand, left one very much preferred, since that's where my ex-CapsLock, now Ctrl lies) Works well with default Emacs bindings Works on both Windows and Linux (at least easily installable) I've looked at Dvorak and Neo, they both have a "shortcut problem", i.e. web-browsing and most frequent Emacs combinations use both parts of the keyboard. Using right Ctrl is usually not an option, since it'll give me RSI much faster than keeping QWERTY/Z. Funnily enough, mirroring the default Neo layout would probably be enough for me. So, any ideas?

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• Using visitor pattern with large object hierarchy

  - by T. Fabre

  Context I've been using with a hierarchy of objects (an expression tree) a "pseudo" visitor pattern (pseudo, as in it does not use double dispatch) : public interface MyInterface { void Accept(SomeClass operationClass); } public class MyImpl : MyInterface { public void Accept(SomeClass operationClass) { operationClass.DoSomething(); operationClass.DoSomethingElse(); // ... and so on ... } } This design was, however questionnable, pretty comfortable since the number of implementations of MyInterface is significant (~50 or more) and I didn't need to add extra operations. Each implementation is unique (it's a different expression or operator), and some are composites (ie, operator nodes that will contain other operator/leaf nodes). Traversal is currently performed by calling the Accept operation on the root node of the tree, which in turns calls Accept on each of its child nodes, which in turn... and so on... But the time has come where I need to add a new operation, such as pretty printing : public class MyImpl : MyInterface { // Property does not come from MyInterface public string SomeProperty { get; set; } public void Accept(SomeClass operationClass) { operationClass.DoSomething(); operationClass.DoSomethingElse(); // ... and so on ... } public void Accept(SomePrettyPrinter printer) { printer.PrettyPrint(this.SomeProperty); } } I basically see two options : Keep the same design, adding a new method for my operation to each derived class, at the expense of maintainibility (not an option, IMHO) Use the "true" Visitor pattern, at the expense of extensibility (not an option, as I expect to have more implementations coming along the way...), with about 50+ overloads of the Visit method, each one matching a specific implementation ? Question Would you recommand using the Visitor pattern ? Is there any other pattern that could help solve this issue ?

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• How to hide keyboard layout shortcut from Unity top panel?

  - by user67715

  I'm using Ubuntu 12.04 together with X Neural Switcher, which is a program for the automatic switching of the keyboard layout. The switcher goes with a GUI called gXNeur. The GUI places an applet icon to the Unity top panel (the gXNeur had to be whitelisted for the icon to become visible) that help a lot to configure and make urgent changes in the rules that the program uses. But after the icon is whitelisted I'm having two keyboard layout indicators in the panel (one - native, the second one - gXNeur). The native is the one I'd like to hide while gxNeur is more intuitive. Is there a way to do that? Thanks a lot for your help!

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• Object desing problem for simple school application

  - by Aragornx

  I want to create simple school application that provides grades,notes,presence,etc. for students,teachers and parents. I'm trying to design objects for this problem and I'm little bit confused - because I'm not very experienced in class designing. Some of my present objects are : class PersonalData() { private String name; private String surename; private Calendar dateOfBirth; [...] } class Person { private PersonalData personalData; } class User extends Person { private String login; private char[] password; } class Student extends Person { private ArrayList<Counselor> counselors = new ArrayList<>(); } class Counselor extends Person { private ArrayList<Student> children = new ArrayList<>(); } class Teacher extends Person { private ArrayList<ChoolClass> schoolClasses = new ArrayList<>(); private ArrayList<Subject> subjects = new ArrayList<>(); } This is of course a general idea. But I'm sure it's not the best way. For example I want that one person could be a Teacher and also a Parent(Counselor) and present approach makes me to have two Person objects. I want that user after successful logging in get all roles that it has (Student or Teacher or (Teacher & Parent) ). I think I should make and use some interfaces but I'm not sure how to do this right. Maybe like this: interface Role { } interface TeacherRole implements Role { void addGrade( Student student, Grade grade, [...] ); } class Teacher implements TeacherRole { private Person person; [...] } class User extends Person{ ArrayList<Role> roles = new ArrayList<>(); } Please if anyone could help me to make this right or maybe just point me to some literature/article that covers practical objects design.

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• Structuring Access Control In Hierarchical Object Graph

  - by SB2055

  I have a Folder entity that can be Moderated by users. Folders can contain other folders. So I may have a structure like this: Folder 1 Folder 2 Folder 3 Folder 4 I have to decide how to implement Moderation for this entity. I've come up with two options: Option 1 When the user is given moderation privileges to Folder 1, define a moderator relationship between Folder 1 and User 1. No other relationships are added to the db. To determine if the user can moderate Folder 3, I check and see if User 1 is the moderator of any parent folders. This seems to alleviate some of the complexity of handling updates / moved entities / additions under Folder 1 after the relationship has been defined, and reverting the relationship means I only have to deal with one entity. Option 2 When the user is given moderation privileges to Folder 1, define a new relationship between User 1 and Folder 1, and all child entities down to the grandest of grandchildren when the relationship is created, and if it's ever removed, iterate back down the graph to remove the relationship. If I add something under Folder 2 after this relationship has been made, I just copy all Moderators into the new Entity. But when I need to show only the top-level Folders that a user is Moderating, I need to query all folders that have a parent folder that the user does not moderate, as opposed to option 1, where I just query any items that the user is moderating. Thoughts I think it comes down to determining if users will be querying for all parent items more than they'll be querying child items... if so, then option 1 seems better. But I'm not sure. Is either approach better than the other? Why? Or is there another approach that's better than both? I'm using Entity Framework in case it matters.

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• SQL SERVER – Error: Fix – Msg 208 – Invalid object name ‘dbo.backupset’ – Invalid object name ‘dbo.backupfile’

  - by pinaldave

  Just a day before I got a very interesting email. Here is the email (modified a bit to make it relevant to this blog post). “Pinal, We are facing a very strange issue. One of our query  related to backup files and backup set has stopped working suddenly in SSMS. It works fine in application where we have and in the stored procedure but when we have it in our SSMS it gives following error. Msg 208, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 Invalid object name ‘dbo.backupfile’. Here are our queries which we are trying to execute. SELECT name, database_name, backup_size, TYPE, compatibility_level, backup_set_id FROM dbo.backupset; SELECT logical_name, backup_size, file_type FROM dbo.backupfile; This query gives us details related to backupset and backup files when the backup was taken.” When I receive this kind of email, usually I have no answers directly. The claim that it works in stored procedure and in application but not in SSMS gives me no real data. I have requested him to very first check following two things: If he is connected to correct server? His answer was yes. If he has enough permissions? His answer was he was logged in as an admin. This means there was something more to it and I requested him to send me a screenshot of the his SSMS. He promptly sends that to me and as soon as I receive the screen shot I knew what was going on. Before I say anything take a look at the screenshot yourself and see if you can figure out why his queries are not working in SSMS. Just to make your life a bit easy, I have already given a hint in the image. The answer is very simple, the context of the database is master database. To execute above two queries the context of the database has to be msdb. Tables backupset and backupfile belong to the database msdb only. Here are two workaround or solution to above problem: 1) Change context to MSDB Above two queries when they will run as following they will not error out and will give the accurate desired result. USE msdb GO SELECT name, database_name, backup_size, TYPE, compatibility_level, backup_set_id FROM dbo.backupset; SELECT logical_name, backup_size, file_type FROM dbo.backupfile; 2) Prefix the query with msdb There are cases above script used in stored procedure or part of big query, it is not possible to change the context of the whole query to any specific database. Use three part naming convention and prefix them with msdb. SELECT name, database_name, backup_size, TYPE, compatibility_level, backup_set_id FROM msdb.dbo.backupset; SELECT logical_name, backup_size, file_type FROM msdb.dbo.backupfile; Very simple solution but sometime keeps people wondering for an answer. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Error Messages, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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