python mock - Page 9 - Developer IT

How to install python without idle?

- by jasonz

I'm using Archlinux and I find I don't need Idle when I'm coding Python. Here is the part of default PKGBUILD file: ./configure --prefix=/usr \ --enable-shared \ --with-threads \ --with-computed-gotos \ --enable-ipv6 \ --with-valgrind \ --with-system-expat \ --with-dbmliborder=gdbm:ndbm \ --with-system-ffi Can I build python without installing Idle? Thanks in advance.

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Make the Move to Python 3 - Best practices

- by aeby

We think about whether we should convert a quite large python web application to Python 3 in the near future. All experiences, possible challenges or guidelines are highly appreciated.

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Implementing PyMyType_Check methods with Python C API?

- by Paul D.

All the Python-provided types have a check method (i.e., PyList_Check) that allows you to check if an arbitrary PyObject* is actually a specific type. How can I implement this for my own types? I haven't found anything good online for this, though it seems like a pretty normal thing to want to do. Also, maybe I'm just terrible at looking through large source trees, but I cannot for the life of me find the implementation of PyList_Check or any of it's companions in the Python (2.5) source.

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how to connect to ethernet printer throught python?

- by Prasanth

How can i connect and send data to a Ethernet receipt printer Epson-T88V through python2.7, i have set the ipaddress of the Ethernet printer manually and the utility software communication is also successful. How do i detect and connect to these printers and send data to print. Is there and module for Ethernet connection in python. Using more than one Ethernet printer and separate data to be printed simultaneously from a single system, i am using windows xp and python 2.7 hope i am clear Thanks.

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Python double underscore mangling

- by gnr

I am a bit confused by this behavior (using python 3.2): class Bar: pass class Foo: def __init__(self): self.__cache = None bar = Bar() bar.__cache = None foo = Foo() print(vars(bar)) #returns {'__cache': None} print(vars(foo)) #returns {'_Foo__cache': None} I've read up a bit on how double-underscores cause attribute names to be "mangled", but I would have expected the same name-mangling in both cases above. The meaning of a single- and a double-underscore before an object name in Python Any ideas what's going on here?

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fake python modules via symlinks: on windows?

- by eudoxos

I have several compiled python modules; they are put into a single .so (to avoid runtime linking, there are cross-module symbol dependencies), but a number of symlinks points to this .so: libfoo.so -> liball.so libbar.so -> liball.so liball.so This way, I can do import foo (Python will call initfoo() defined in liball.so) or import bar (calls initbar()). I am wondering if this approach will work on Windows?

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Defining a function that is both a generator and recursive [on hold]

- by user96454

I am new to python, so this code might not necessarily be clean, it's just for learning purposes. I had the idea of writing this function that would display the tree down the specified path. Then, i added the global variable number_of_py to count how many python files were in that tree. That worked as well. Finally, i decided to turn the whole thing into a generator, but the recursion breaks. My understanding of generators is that once next() is called python just executes the body of the function and "yields" a value until we hit the end of the body. Can someone explain why this doesn't work? Thanks. import os from sys import argv script, path = argv number_of_py = 0 lines_of_code = 0 def list_files(directory, key=''): global number_of_py files = os.listdir(directory) for f in files: real_path = os.path.join(directory, f) if os.path.isdir(real_path): list_files(real_path, key=key+' ') else: if real_path.split('.')[-1] == 'py': number_of_py += 1 with open(real_path) as g: yield len(g.read()) print key+real_path for i in list_files(argv[1]): lines_of_code += i print 'total number of lines of code: %d' % lines_of_code print 'total number of py files: %d' % number_of_py

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Creating an installer for a python GTK3 application

- by Noam Gal

I have just finished developing a Python 2.7 application using Gtk3 for GUI. My question is, how can I now create an installer for Windows, Mac, and Linux (possibly three different installers) for my end-users to easily download the application without having to download python and GTK and such. I have never created an installer from a python script before. I have heard that are some tools for this purpose (py2exe? pyinstaller?), but I wouldn't know how and what to pack with them in order for it to be able to use Gtk3. Thanks in advanced, Noam.

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Python interview questions

- by Andy

I am going to interview within two weeks for an internship that would involve Python programming. Can anyone suggest what possible areas should I polish? I am looking for commonly asked stuff in interviews for Python openings. Apart from the fact that I have already been doing the language for over a year now, I fail to perceive what they can ask me. Like for a C or C++ interview, there are lots of questions ranging from reversing of strings to building linked lists, but for a Python interview, I am clueless. Personal experiences and/ or suggestions are welcomed.

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how to follow python polymorphism standards with math functions

- by krishnab

So I am reading up on python in Mark Lutz's wonderful LEARNING PYTHON book. Mark makes a big deal about how part of the python development philosophy is polymorphism and that functions and code should rely on polymorphism and not do much type checking. However, I do a lot of math type programming and so the idea of polymorphism does not really seem to apply--I don't want to try and run a regression on a string or something. So I was wondering if there is something I am missing here. What are the applications of polymorphism when I am writing functions for math--or is type checking philosophically okay in this case.

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How do rsync from within a python script?

- by Viswa

I plan to move file from one system to another system. For this, I am using rsync command in linux terminal. It works fine. But I need to implement this command to python. I am very new in python, so I don't know the way of defining the rsync command. So please tell the steps to define it. This is my rsync command: rsync -avrz /opt/data/filename root@ip:/opt/data/file I need to implement this command in a python script.

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What are the drawbacks of Python?

- by Rook

Python seems all the rage these days, and not undeservingly - for it is truly a language with which one almost enjoys being given a new problem to solve. But, as a wise man once said (calling him a wise man only because I've no idea as to who actually said it; not sure whether he was that wise at all), to really know a language one does not only know its syntax, design, etc., advantages but also its drawbacks. No language is perfect, some are just better than others. So, what would be in your opinion, objective drawbacks of Python. Note: I'm not asking for a language comparison here (i.e. C# is better than Python because ... yadda yadda yadda) - more of an objective (to some level) opinion which language features are badly designed, whether, what are maybe some you're missing in it and so on. If must use another language as a comparison, but only to illustrate a point which would be hard to elaborate on otherwise (i.e. for ease of understanding)

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Looking for an open source project in Python

- by Roman Yankovsky

I am looking for practical tasks to get experience with Python. Just reading the books and not doing any tasks in the language is not effective. I solved some problems on the Project Euler and TopCoder and it helped me to learn the syntax of the language better. But those tasks are hard algorithmically, but as a rule is quite simple from the point of view of programming. Now I'm looking for an interesting open source project in Python, participation in which will help me to better understand the OO-model of language. Although, this is my first step with Python, in general, I am an experienced programmer and I can be useful for a project. May be someone can suggest something?

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Looking for a Python UI library comparable with Windows Forms [on hold]

- by Mitten

I am looking for a Python UI library which I could use to develop a desktop GUI comparable to what can be done with .NET Windows Forms. I have no previous experience programming UI in Python, so I would rather choose (if there is a choice) something simple. The application I am building would be a document oriented - rich texts, lists and grids, I don't expect to use much graphics - mostly formatted texts. Any pointers, and if there is more than one major GUI library available for Python - how could I quickly test them to see which one is a better fit for my needs?

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Do I really need to learn Python? [closed]

- by Pouya

These days, I see the name "Python" a lot. Mostly when I'm doing some programming on linux/mac, I see a trace of Python. I have a fair knowledge of C++ and I'm quite good at Java. I also know Delphi which comes handy sometimes. I've been good with these languages, however, I was wondering if learning Python could make it better. What does it offer that makes it worth learning? What are its key/unique advantages/features?

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New at Python: GLPK not building properly / Python ImportError

- by Merjit

This is a beginner question, and a follow-up to this one, where I was pointed to GLPK. I'm trying to get PyGLPK, a Python binding for the GNU Linear Programming Kit up and running, but no matter what I do, I can't seem to build and install GLPK so that Python finds it correctly. This comes after running ./configure, make, and sudo make install on the GLPK libraries, and following the instructions for PyGLPK. Specifically, here is the error I get: >>> import glpk Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site- packages/glpk.so, 2): Symbol not found: __glp_lpx_print_ips Referenced from: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/glpk.so Expected in: dynamic lookup I assume that something isn't linking to somewhere else, and that it probably has something to do with paths and environment variables. However, here's where my abilities in the shell fail, and I'm at a loss over what to do next. Again, there is probably a simple answer to this, but I haven't had any luck with Google using the terminology I know.

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Are PyArg_ParseTuple() "s" format specifiers useful in Python 3.x C API?

- by Craig McQueen

I'm trying to write a Python C extension that processes byte strings, and I have something basically working for Python 2.x and Python 3.x. For the Python 2.x code, near the start of my function, I currently have a line: if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s#:in_bytes", &src_ptr, &src_len)) ... I notice that the s# format specifier accepts both Unicode strings and byte strings. I really just want it to accept byte strings and reject Unicode. For Python 2.x, this might be "good enough"--the standard hashlib seems to do the same, accepting Unicode as well as byte strings. However, Python 3.x is meant to clean up the Unicode/byte string mess and not let the two be interchangeable. So, I'm surprised to find that in Python 3.x, the s format specifiers for PyArg_ParseTuple() still seem to accept Unicode and provide a "default encoded string version" of the Unicode. This seems to go against the principles of Python 3.x, making the s format specifiers unusable in practice. Is my analysis correct, or am I missing something? Looking at the implementation for hashlib for Python 3.x (e.g. see md5module.c, function MD5_update() and its use of GET_BUFFER_VIEW_OR_ERROUT() macro) I see that it avoids the s format specifiers, and just takes a generic object (O specifier) and then does various explicit type checks using the GET_BUFFER_VIEW_OR_ERROUT() macro. Is this what we have to do?

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C++ Swig Python (Embedded Python in C++) works in Release but not in Debug

- by sambha

Platform: Windows 7, 64 bit (x64), Visual Studio 2008 I chose Python & Swig binding as the scripting environment of the application. As a prototype, created a simple VS solution with main() which initializes Python (Py_Initalize, Py_setPyHome, etc) & executes test.py. In the same solution created another project which is a DLL of a simple class. Used SWIG to wrap this class. This DLL is the _MyClasses.pyd. test.py creates the objects of my class & calls its member functions. All this works like a charm in the Release mode. But does not work in Debug mode (even tried banging my head on the laptop ;-) ). Output of my work looks like this (in both release & debug): x64 -debug - _MyClasses.pyd - MyClasses.py - test.exe - test.py - python26.dll - python26_d.dll Note that the debug version is linked against python26_d.lib. Had to build python myself for this! test.py import MyClasses print "ello" m = MyClasses.Male("John Doe", 25) print m.getType() Male is the C++ class. The problem: Traceback (most recent call last): File "test.py", line 6, in <module> import MyClasses File "...\x64\Debug\MyClasses.py", line 25, in <module> _MyClasses = swig_import_helper() File "...\x64\Debug\MyClasses.py", line 17, in swig_imp ort_helper import _MyClasses ImportError: No module named _MyClasses [15454 refs] I am used to Makefiles & am new to Visual Studio. I dont know who the culprit is here: Swig, The debug build of Python, Visual Studio, my stupidity. Thank you in advance. It will be a great help.

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http request to cgi python script successful, but the script doesn't seem to run

- by chipChocolate.py

I have configured cgi scripts for my apache2 web server. Here is what I want to do: Client uploads the image to the server. (this already works) On success, I want to execute the python script to resize the image. I tried the following and the success function does execute but my python script does not seem to execute: Javascript code that sends the request: var input = document.getElementById('imageLoader'); imageName = input.value; var file = input.files[0]; if(file != undefined){ formData= new FormData(); console.log(formData.length); if(!!file.type.match(/image.*/)){ formData.append("image", file); $.ajax({ url: "upload.php", type: "POST", processData: false, contentType: false, success: function() { var input = document.getElementById('imageLoader'); imageName = input.value; var file = input.files[0]; formData = new FormData(); formData.append("filename", file); $.ajax({ url: "http://localhost/Main/cgi-bin/resize.py", type: "POST", data: formData, processData: false, contentType: false, success: function(data) { console.log(data); } }); // code continues... resize.py: #!/usr/bin/python import cgi import cgitb import Image cgitb.enable() data = cgi.FieldStorage() filename = data.getvalue("filename") im = Image.open("../JS/upload/" + filename) (width, height) = im.size maxWidth = 600 maxHeight = 400 if width > maxWidth: d = float(width) / maxWidth height = int(height / d) width = maxWidth if height > maxHeight: d = float(height) / maxHeight width = int(width / d) height = maxHeight size = (width, height) im = im.resize(size, Image.ANTIALIAS) im.save("../JS/upload/" + filename, quality=100) This is the apache2.conf: <Directory /var/www/html/Main/cgi-bin> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI SetHandler cgi-script AddHandler cgi-script .py .cgi Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> cgi-bin and python script file permissions: drwxrwxr-x 2 mou mou 4096 Aug 24 03:28 cgi-bin -rwxrwxrwx 1 mou mou 1673 Aug 24 03:28 resize.py Edit: Executing this code $.ajax({ url: "http://localhost/Main/cgi-bin/resize.py", type: "POST", data: formData, // formData = {"filename" : "the filename which was saved in a variable whie the image was uploaded"} processData: false, contentType: false, success: function(data) { alert(data); } }); it alerts the following: <body bgcolor="#f0f0f8"> --> <body bgcolor="#f0f0f8"> --> --> </script> </object> </blockquote> </pre> </table> </table> </table> </table> </table> <body bgcolor="#f0f0f8"> <table width="100%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=0 summary="heading"> <tr bgcolor="#6622aa"> <td valign=bottom>    <big><big><type 'exceptions.TypeError'></big></big></td ><td align=right valign=bottom >Python 2.7.6: /usr/bin/python Sun Aug 24 17:24:15 2014</td></tr></table> A problem occurred in a Python script. Here is the sequence of function calls leading up to the error, in the order they occurred. <table width="100%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 border=0> <tr><td bgcolor="#d8bbff"><big> </big><a href="file:///var/www/html/Main/cgi-bin/resize.py">/var/www/html/Main/cgi-bin/resize.py</a> in <module>()</td></tr> <tr><td><tt>     10  </tt></td></tr> <tr><td><tt>     11 filename = data.getvalue("filename") </tt></td></tr> <tr><td bgcolor="#ffccee"><tt>=>   12 im = Image.open("../JS/upload/" + filename) </tt></td></tr> <tr><td><tt>     13  </tt></td></tr> <tr><td><tt>     14 (width, height) = im.size </tt></td></tr> <tr><td>im undefined, Image = <module 'Image' from '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PILcompat/Image.pyc'>, Image.open = <function open>, filename = '\xff\xd8\xff\xe0\x00\x10JFIF\x00\x01\x01\x00\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00\xff\xdb\x00C\x00\x06\x04\x05\x06\x05\x04\x06\x06\x05\x06\x07\x07\x06\x08\n\x10\n\n\t\t\n\x14\x0e...\x94\r\x17\x11b\xcd\xdc\x1a\xfe\xf1\x05\x1b\x15\xd1R\xce\xe9*\xb5\x8eb\x97\x82\x87R\xf4\xaaK\x836\xbf\xfb0\xa0\xb68\xa9C\x86\x8d\x96n+E\xd3\x7f\x99\xff\xd9'</td></tr></table> <table width="100%" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 border=0> <tr><td bgcolor="#d8bbff"><big> </big><a href="file:///usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PIL/Image.py">/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PIL/Image.py</a> in open(fp='../JS/upload/\xff\xd8\xff\xe0\x00\x10JFIF\x00\x01\x01\x00\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00\xff\xdb\x00C\x00\x06\x04\x05\x06\x05\x04\x06\x06\x05\x06...\x94\r\x17\x11b\xcd\xdc\x1a\xfe\xf1\x05\x1b\x15\xd1R\xce\xe9*\xb5\x8eb\x97\x82\x87R\xf4\xaaK\x836\xbf\xfb0\xa0\xb68\xa9C\x86\x8d\x96n+E\xd3\x7f\x99\xff\xd9', mode='r')</td></tr> <tr><td><tt>   1994     if isPath(fp): </tt></td></tr> <tr><td><tt>   1995         filename = fp </tt></td></tr> <tr><td bgcolor="#ffccee"><tt>=> 1996         fp = builtins.open(fp, "rb") </tt></td></tr> <tr><td><tt>   1997     else: </tt></td></tr> <tr><td><tt>   1998         filename = "" </tt></td></tr> <tr><td>fp = '../JS/upload/\xff\xd8\xff\xe0\x00\x10JFIF\x00\x01\x01\x00\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00\xff\xdb\x00C\x00\x06\x04\x05\x06\x05\x04\x06\x06\x05\x06...\x94\r\x17\x11b\xcd\xdc\x1a\xfe\xf1\x05\x1b\x15\xd1R\xce\xe9*\xb5\x8eb\x97\x82\x87R\xf4\xaaK\x836\xbf\xfb0\xa0\xb68\xa9C\x86\x8d\x96n+E\xd3\x7f\x99\xff\xd9', global builtins = <module '__builtin__' (built-in)>, builtins.open = <built-in function open></td></tr></table><type 'exceptions.TypeError'>: file() argument 1 must be encoded string without NULL bytes, not str <tt>      </tt>args = ('file() argument 1 must be encoded string without NULL bytes, not str',) <tt>      </tt>message = 'file() argument 1 must be encoded string without NULL bytes, not str'  Does this mean that the formData I am sending over is empty?

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How to make Python Extensions for Windows for absolute beginners

- by JR

Hello: I've been looking around the internet trying to find a good step by step guide to extend Python in Windows, and I haven't been able to find something for my skill level. let's say you have some c code that looks like this: #include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> double valuex(float value, double rate, double timex) { float value; double rate, timex; return value / double pow ((1 + rate), (timex)); } and you want to turn that into a Python 3 module for use on a windows (64bit if that makes a difference) system. How would you go about doing that? I've looked up SWIG and Pyrex and in both circumstances they seem geared towards the unix user. With Pyrex I am not sure if it works with Python 3. I'm just trying to learn the basics of programing, using some practical examples. Lastly, if there is a good book that someone can recommend for learning to extend, I would greatly appreciate it. Thank you.

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strange syntax error in python, version 2.6 and 3.1

- by flow

this may not be an earth-shattering deficiency of python, but i still wonder about the rationale behind the following behavior: when i run source = """ print( 'helo' ) if __name__ == '__main__': print( 'yeah!' ) #""" print( compile( source, '<whatever>', 'exec' ) ) i get :: File "<whatever>", line 6 # ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax i can avoid this exception by (1) deleting the trailing #; (2) deleting or outcommenting the if __name__ == '__main__':\n print( 'yeah!' ) lines; (3) add a newline to very end of the source. moreover, if i have the source end without a trailing newline right behind the print( 'yeah!' ), the source will also compile without error. i could also reproduce this behavior with python 2.6, so it’s not new to the 3k series. i find this error to be highly irritating, all the more since when i put above source inside a file and execute it directly or have it imported, no error will occur—which is the expected behavior. a # (hash) outside a string literal should always represent the start of a (possibly empty) comment in a python source; moreover, the presence or absence of a if __name__ == '__main__' clause should not change the interpretation of a soure on a syntactical level. can anyone reproduce the above problem, and/or comment on the phenomenon? cheers

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why does b'(and sometimes b' ') show up when I split some HTML source[Python]

- by Oliver

I'm fairly new to Python and programming in general. I have done a few tutorials and am about 2/3 through a pretty good book. That being said I've been trying to get more comfortable with Python and proggramming by just trying things in the std lib out. that being said I have recently run into a wierd quirk that I'm sure is the result of my own incorrect or un-"pythonic" use of the urllib module(with Python 3.2.2) import urllib.request HTML_source = urllib.request.urlopen(www.somelink.com).read() print(HTML_source) when this bit is run through the active interpreter it returns the HTML source of somelink, however it prefixes it with b' for example b'<HTML>\r\n<HEAD> (etc). . . . if I split the string into a list by whitespace it prefixes every item with the b' I'm not really trying to accomplish something specific just trying to familiarize myself with the std lib. I would like to know why this b' is getting prefixed also bonus -- Is there a better way to get HTML source WITHOUT using a third party module. I know all that jazz about not reinventing the wheel and what not but I'm trying to learn by "building my own tools" Thanks in Advance!

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DotNetOpenAuth: Mock ClaimsResponse

- by Pickels

Hello, I was wondering how I can mock the ClaimseReponse class in DotNetOpenAuth? This is the class(remove a few properties): [Serializable] public sealed class ClaimsResponse : ExtensionBase, IClientScriptExtensionResponse, IExtensionMessage, IMessageWithEvents, IMessage { public static bool operator !=(ClaimsResponse one, ClaimsResponse other); public static bool operator ==(ClaimsResponse one, ClaimsResponse other); [MessagePart("email")] public string Email { get; set; } [MessagePart("fullname")] public string FullName { get; set; } public override bool Equals(object obj); public override int GetHashCode(); } This is what I tried: ClaimsResponse MockCR = new ClaimsResponse(); MockCR.Email = "[email protected]"; MockCR.FullName = "Mister T"; I get the following error: '...ClaimsResponse(string)' is inaccessible due to its protection level. Kind regards, Pickels

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How to create Python module distribution to gracefully fall-back to pure Python code

- by Craig McQueen

I have written a Python module, and I have two versions: a pure Python implementation and a C extension. I've written the __init__.py file so that it tries to import the C extension, and if that fails, it imports the pure Python code (is that reasonable?). Now, I'd like to know what is the best way to distribute this module (e.g. write setup.py) so it can be easily used by people with or without the facility to build, or use, the C extension. My experience is limited but I see two possible cases: User does not have MS Visual Studio, or the GCC compiler suite, installed on their machine, to build the C extension User is running IronPython, Jython, or anything other than CPython. I only have used CPython. So I'm not sure how I could distribute this module so that it would work smoothly and be easy to install on those platforms, if they're unable to use the C extension.

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Python 2 vs Python 3 and Tutorial

- by MR-J

Hey guys. I am 12 years old and I have had a small amount of experience with BASIC. I am thinking about learning Python, but I’m not sure if I should learn the 2.6 version or the 3.0 version. I don’t really care about the support for libraries or anything along those lines quite yet. I was wondering if it is easier to code in 3.0 than 2.6. And is it more fun and productive? I would also appreciate it if you could point me in the right direction for a simple yet complete tutorial that is easy to understand and possible teaches Object Oriented Programing. I don’t really care if it teaches OOP or not. One more thing; if I do learn python, is it possible to easily compile a python source code file into a 'stand-alone' .exe file for Windows? I really liked that functionality in BASIC. Thanks!!!!

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