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• coordinating a script to run on only one of identical load-balanced servers

  - by Amos Shapira

  I have two identically configured CentOS 5 servers (possibly more in the future). I need to run a cron job on any one of them and that it'll run only on one of them. I know about RedHat Cluster Suite (we use it on other servers), but it's a too big a gun to use for this task, plus it doesn't really behave well for less than three nodes. Is there anything light-weight I can use for that? The servers can communicate with each other directly. I suppose I can develope something over ssh or nrpe (two server which are already installed on these servers), but I was wondering whether there is something already available.

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• Very poor battery life on Lenovo ThinkPad W500 laptop

  - by Matt

  I have a new ThinkPad W500 laptop (w/ 9 cell battery) running Windows 7 RTM 64-bit. All drivers* and BIOS are the latest. Battery life appeared poor so I performed several tests under the following conditions: Battery starts with 100% charge Screen on minimum brightness Screen saver running Wifi n enabled and active "Normal" set of programs running including Outlook 2007, FeedDemon, TweetDeck and antivirus Laptop left untouched during tests Under the above conditions, I clocked under 2 hours of battery life across 3 tests (1:49, 1:52, 1:47). If I actually use the computer, we're looking at 1:30. Something is not right... The smoking gun here is that Lenovo hasn't officially released Windows 7 drivers for this laptop. I haven't tried with Vista or XP yet. What are others seeing? Update: For W500 owners w/ the 9 cell battery, what value do you see for "Full charge capacity" when on the Battery tab of the Power Manager utility? I see 81.87 Wh.

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• dell u2410 3dMark Benchmark distortion problems

  - by Scanningcrew

  Ive been doing burn in testing for a new system I have put together and I am running into some video distortion problems with running the 3DMark benchmark tools (Both 06 and Vantage). The graphics will be fine, then sometimes during a test switch the screen will light up with thin horizontal ranibow lines (Something that looks very "glitchy") If i turn the monitor off and back on it clears up. All the tests "pass" and my system gets good marks but it concerns me if I might have problems with games (The screen returns to normal if I dont resest monitor and just let tests pass). I want to return a problem component now before its too late if it is something with the new hardware. Also, I am monitoring temp with thermal laser gun and the card itself is not going above 65c. Any ideas? System: Asrock x58 Xtreme - Last BIOS (1.80) EVGA Geforce GTX 285 w/ latest nvidia drivers (Connect via DVI1) Dell U2410(Set to 59hz refresh 1900x1202 -although I believe benchmarks run 1200x1024) Windows 7 Ultimate 64 12Gb DDR3 1600 RAM

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• Complete Public Folder Migration from Exchange 2007 to Exchange 2010

  - by Michael Todd

  We were in the process of migrating from Exchange 2007 to Exchange 2010 and hit a brick wall when trying to migrate Public Folders. After resolving issues with connectivity (and another issue with an old Exchange 2003 server being listed in AD that was causing the replication to fail) it finally appeared that messages were migrating from one server to another. However, we appear to have jumped the gun and ran MoveAllReplicas before the process was complete. We are now stuck with about 210MB of public folders on the new server from a 7GB public folder store on the old server. The messages appear to be available on the old server since running get-publicfolderstatistics shows that there are messages available. We have waited several days for the move to continue but we are stuck at 210MB. Is there something we can do to complete the replication so that all of the messages move from the old server to the new server?

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• Solaris 10 opencsw git package issue with bitbucket git hosting

  - by zephyrus00jp

  Has anyone tried using `git' from opencsw package in order to work with bitbucket source hosting service (under solaris10)? I tried to use git as the bitbucket documentation explains, and - under Debian GNU/Linux, it worked flawlessly as described, but - under Solaris 10, I got Authentication Failed message. I even tried to run truss to see anything is suspicious but could not find any smoking gun under solaris why it failed. ldd git-binary didnd't show anything suspicious either (except for the libcrypt library which could be a suspicious to think about export restrictions. Have they shipped incompatible version? BUT since the password is typed into https: connection, I suspect it is only a matter of web-level cryptography and should be universal these days.) I am now tempted to compile git suite under solaris 10, but I did find people who seem to be using git with bitbucket under solaris 10 and am wondering what could be wrong.

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• Add game mechanics through equipment?

  - by Sidar

  In a game with different weapons and armor that actually affect more than just player stats, how would you achieve such effect? (These are just examples not concrete ideas ) For example we could have a handgun, uzi and then you have the graviton-gun. The first two would just shoot bullets, the third one does more than just shoot a simple projectile. It could allow the player to hold an enemy and drag it to use it as a meat shield. The player could also wear generic armor but at some point wears armor that can absorb projectiles. After absorbing enough projectiles you can shoot a giant blast. All these weapons/armor have different "behaviors" that either just raise stats or actually add new mechanics. In a simple case most guns would have similar properties and changing a few settings would create a new weapon (handgun shoots at an interval of x amount of seconds, lower this number and you have a machinegun). This obviously does not work if you intend to do more than just shoot projectiles. I'm pretty much stuck on writing the interface structure. While weapons and armor have different purposes they should both be able to process certain effects that change or add mechanics in the game world.

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• DIY Carbonator Creates Pop Rocks Like Fizzy Fruit [Science]

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  If you’ve ever sat around wishing that scientists would stop wasting time trying to solve pressing global problems and instead genetically engineer a bizarre but delicious hybrid of Pop Rocks candy and wholesome fruit, this mad scientist experiment is for you. Over at Evil Mad Scientist Laboratories they share a really fun weekend project. Contributor Rich Faulhaber was looking for a way to make eating fruit extra fun and science-infused for his kids. His solution? Build a homemade carbon dioxide injector that infuses fruit with carbonation. Having trouble imagining that? Envision a bowl of strawberries where every strawberry burst into a crazy flurry of strawberry flavor and champagne bubbles every time you bit into it. Fizzy fruit! Hit up the link below to see how he took pretty common parts: a C02 tank from a paint ball gun, a water filter canister from the hardware store, and other cheap and readily available parts (with the exception of the gas regulator which he suggests you shop garage sales and surplus stores to find a deal on), and combined them together to create a C02 fruit infuser. Hit up the link below to read more about his setup and the procedure he uses to infuse fruit with carbonation. The C02inator [Evil Mad Scientist Laboratories via Hack a Day] HTG Explains: What Are Character Encodings and How Do They Differ?How To Make Disposable Sleeves for Your In-Ear MonitorsMacs Don’t Make You Creative! So Why Do Artists Really Love Apple?

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• XNA C# Platformer - physics engine or tile based?

  - by Hugh

  I would like to get some opinions on whether i should develop my game using a physics engine (farseer physics seems to be the best option) or follow the traditional tile-based method. Quick background: - its a college project, my first game, but have 4 years academic programming experience - Just want a basic platformer with a few levels, nothing fancy - want a shooting mechanic, run and gun, just like contra or metal slug for example - possibly some simple puzzles I have made a basic prototype with farseer, the level is hardcoded with collisions and not really tiled, more like big full-screen sized tiles, with collision bodies drawn manually along the ground and walls etc. My main problem is i want a simple retro feel to the jumping and physics but because its a physics simulation engine its going to be realistic, whereas typical in air controllable physics for platformers arent realistic. I have to make a box with wheel body fixture under it to have this effect and its glitchy and doesnt feel right. I chose to use a physics engine because i tried the tile method initially and found it very hard to understand, the engine took care of alot things to save me time, mainly being able to do slopes easily was nice and the freedom to draw collision bounds wherever i liked, rather then restricted to a grid, which gave me more freedom for art design also. In conclusion i don't know which method to pick, i want to use a method which will be the most straight forward way to implement and wont give me a headache later on, preferably a method which has an abundance of tutorials and resources so i dont get "stuck" doing something which has been done a million times before! Let me know i haven't provided enough information for you to help me! Thanks in advance, Hugh.

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• Five Holiday Gaming Tips for an Active Game Table

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  Getting together for the holidays represents a great oppurtunity to introduce new players to the fun of tabletop gaming. Make sure to introduce them right with these five handy tips. Courtesy of GeekDad, we find five tips for introducing new players to the fun of tabletop games old and new over the holidays. Tip number one: 1. Start short. Not everyone is ready for a multi-hour game session right after a big holiday dinner. Post-prandial drowsiness doesn’t go well with a game that takes twenty minutes to set up and another fifteen to explain, so don’t lose your audience before you get to the good stuff. Pick something speedy that gets people into the game with little downtime. If possible, get them laughing — I hear it causes the release of endorphins, which makes them feel better, which will lead to more gaming. (We’ll work on the dopamine receptors later, when you get them hooked on learning new games.) Games like Zombie Dice and Spot It! are easy to teach and can handle a pile of players. FlowerFall and Ca$h ‘n’ Gun$ are guaranteed to make people gravitate to the game table to see what’s going on. How To Delete, Move, or Rename Locked Files in Windows HTG Explains: Why Screen Savers Are No Longer Necessary 6 Ways Windows 8 Is More Secure Than Windows 7

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• Shooter in iOS and a visible Aim line before shooting

  - by London2423

  I have to questions. I am trying to develop a game that is iOS but I did it first in my computer so I can tested there. I was able to must of it for PC but I am having a very hard time with iOS port The problem I do have is that I don't know how to shout in iOS. To be more specific how to line render in iOS This is the script I use in my computer using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class NewBehaviourScript : MonoBehaviour { LineRenderer line; void Start () { line = gameObject.GetComponent<LineRenderer>(); line.enabled = false; } void Update () { if (Input.GetButtonDown ("Fire1")) { StopCoroutine ("FireLaser"); StartCoroutine ("FireLaser"); } } IEnumerator FireLaser () { line.enabled = true; while (Input.GetButton("Fire1")) { Ray ray = new Ray(transform.position, transform.forward); RaycastHit hit; line.SetPosition (0, ray.origin); if (Physics.Raycast (ray, out hit,100)) { line.SetPosition(1,hit.point); if (hit.rigidbody) { hit.rigidbody.AddForceAtPosition(transform.forward * 5, hit.point); } } else line.SetPosition (1, ray.GetPoint (100)); yield return null; } line.enabled = false; { } } } Which part I have to change for iOS? I already did in the iOS the touch giu event so my player move around in the xcode/Iphone but I need some help with the shouting part. The second part of the question is where I do have to insert or change the script in order to first aim and I DO see the line of aim and then shout. Now the player can only shout. It can not aim at the gameobject, see the the line coming out of the gun aiming at the object and then shout? How I can do that. Everyone tell me Line render but that's what i did Thank you

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• What data should be cached in a multiplayer server, relative to AI and players?

  - by DevilWithin

  In a virtual place, fully network driven, with an arbitrary number of players and an arbitrary number of enemies, what data should be cached in the server memory, in order to optimize smooth AI simulation? Trying to explain, lets say player A sees player B to E, and enemy A to G. Each of those players, see player A, but not necessarily each other. Same applies to enemies. Think of this question from a topdown perspective please. In many cases, for example, when a player shoots his gun, the server handles the sound as a radial "signal" that every other entity within reach "hear" and react upon. Doing these searches all the time for a whole area, containing possibly a lot of unrelated players and enemies, seems to be an issue, when the budget for each AI agent is so small. Should every entity cache whatever enters and exits from its radius of awareness? Is there a great way to trace the entities close by without flooding the memory with such caches? What about other AI related problems that may arise, after assuming the previous one works well? We're talking about environments with possibly hundreds of enemies, a swarm.

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• Scaling Sound Effects and Physics with Framerate

  - by Thomas Bradsworth

  (I'm using XNA and C#) Currently, my game (a shooter) runs flawlessly with 60 FPS (which I developed around). However, if the framerate is changed, there are two major problems: Gunshot sound effects are slower Jumping gets messed up Here's how I play gunshot sounds: update(gametime) { if(leftMouseButton.down) { enqueueBulletForSend(); playGunShot(); } } Now, obviously, the frequency of playGunShot depends on the framerate. I can easily fix the issue if the FPS is higher than 60 FPS by capping the shooting rate of the gun, but what if the FPS is less than 60? At first I thought to just loop and play more gunshots per frame, but I found that this can cause audio clipping or make the bullets fire in "clumps." Now for the second issue: Here's how jumping works in my game: if(jumpKey.Down && canJump) { velocity.Y += 0.224f; } // ... (other code) ... if(!onGround) velocity.Y += GRAVITY_ACCELERATION * elapsedSeconds; position += velocity; The issue here is that at < 60 FPS, the "intermediate" velocity is lost and therefore the character jumps lower. At 60 FPS, the game adds more "intermediate" velocities, and therefore the character jumps higher. For example, at 60 FPS, the following occurs: Velocity increased to 0.224 Not on ground, so velocity decreased by X Position increased by (0.224 - X) <-- this is the "intermediate" velocity At 30 FPS, the following occurs: Velocity increased to 0.224 Not on ground, so velocity decreased by 2X Position increased by (0.224 - 2X) <-- the "intermediate" velocity was lost All help is appreciated!

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• Weekend Project: Build a Fireball Launcher

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  What’s more fun than playing with fire? Shooting it from your hands. Put on your robe and wizard hat, make a stop at the hardware store, and spend the weekend trying to convince your friends you’ve acquired supernatural powers. Over at MAKE Magazine, Joel Johnson explains the impetus for his project: A stalwart of close-quarter magicians for years, the electronic flash gun is a simple device: a battery-powered, hand-held ignitor that uses a “glo-plug” to light a bit of flash paper and cotton, shooting a fireball a few feet into the air. You can buy one from most magic shops for around $50, but if you build one on your own, you’ll not only save a few bucks, you’ll also learn how easy it is to add fire effects to almost any electronics project. (And what gadget couldn’t stand a little more spurting flame?) The parts list is minimal but the end effect is pretty fantastic. Hit up the link below for the full build guide, plenty of warnings, and a weekend project that’s sure to impress. How to Own Your Own Website (Even If You Can’t Build One) Pt 3 How to Sync Your Media Across Your Entire House with XBMC How to Own Your Own Website (Even If You Can’t Build One) Pt 2

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• Need efficient way to keep enemy from getting hit multiple times by same source

  - by TenFour04

  My game's a simple 2D one, but this probably applies to many types of scenarios. Suppose my player has a sword, or a gun that shoots a projectile that can pass through and hit multiple enemies. While the sword is swinging, there is a duration where I am checking for the sword making contact with any enemy on every frame. But once an enemy is hit by that sword, I don't want him to continue getting hit over and over as the sword follows through. (I do want the sword to continue checking whether it is hitting other enemies.) I've thought of a couple different approaches (below), but they don't seem like good ones to me. I'm looking for a way that doesn't force cross-referencing (I don't want the enemy to have to send a message back to the sword/projectile). And I'd like to avoid generating/resetting multiple array lists with every attack. Each time the sword swings it generates a unique id (maybe by just incrementing a global static long). Every enemy keeps a list of id's of swipes or projectiles that have already hit them, so the enemy knows not to get hurt by something multiple times. Downside is that every enemy may have a big list to compare to. So projectiles and sword swipes would have to broadcast their end-of-life to all enemies and cause a search and remove on every enemy's array list. Seems kind of slow. Each sword swipe or projectile keeps its own list of enemies that it has already hit so it knows not to apply damage. Downsides: Have to generate a new list (probably pull from a pool and clear one) every time a sword is swung or a projectile shot. Also, this breaks down modularity, because now the sword has to send a message to the enemy, and the enemy has to send a message back to the sword. Seems to me that two-way streets like this are a great way to create very difficult-to-find bugs.

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• How far do I take Composition?

  - by whiterook6

  (Although I'm sure this is a common problem I really don't know what to search for. Composition is the only thing I could come up with.) I've read over and over that multiple inheritance and subclassing is really, really bad, especially for game entities. If I have three types of motions, five types of guns, and three types of armoring, I don't want to have to make 45 different classes to get all the possible combinations; I'm going to add a motion behavior, gun behavior, and armor behavior to a single generic object. That makes sense. But how far do I take this? I can have as many different types of behaviors as I can imagine: DamageBehavior, MotionBehavior, TargetableBehavior, etc. If I add a new class of behaviors then I need to update all the other classes that use them. But what happens when I have functionality that doesn't really fit into one class of behaviors? For example, my armor needs to be damageable but also updateable. And should I be able to have use more than one type of behavior on an entity at a time, such as two motion behaviors? Can anyone offer any wisdom or point me in the direction of some useful articles? Thanks!

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• How can I use an object pool for optimization in AndEngine?

  - by coder_For_Life22

  I have read up on a tutorial that allows you to reuse sprites that are re-added to the scene such as bullets from a gun or any other objects using an ObjectPool. In my game i have a variation of sprites about 6 all together with different textures. This is how the object pool is set up with its own class extending Java's GenericPool class public class BulletPool extends GenericPool<BulletSprite> { private TextureRegion mTextureRegion; public BulletPool(TextureRegion pTextureRegion) { if (pTextureRegion == null) { // Need to be able to create a Sprite so the Pool needs to have a TextureRegion throw new IllegalArgumentException("The texture region must not be NULL"); } mTextureRegion = pTextureRegion; } /** * Called when a Bullet is required but there isn't one in the pool */ @Override protected BulletSprite onAllocatePoolItem() { return new BulletSprite(mTextureRegion); } /** * Called when a Bullet is sent to the pool */ @Override protected void onHandleRecycleItem(final BulletSprite pBullet) { pBullet.setIgnoreUpdate(true); pBullet.setVisible(false); } /** * Called just before a Bullet is returned to the caller, this is where you write your initialize code * i.e. set location, rotation, etc. */ @Override protected void onHandleObtainItem(final BulletSprite pBullet) { pBullet.reset(); } } As you see here it takes a TextureRegion parameter. The only problem i am facing with this is that i need to have 6 different sprites recycled and reused in the ObjectPool. This ObjectPool is set up to only use one TextureRegion. Any idea's or suggestions on how to do this?

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• AMD Phenom 2 is idling at 50°C, can I get it cooler?

  - by liam

  Is it possible to damage a CPU so that it works, but only at high temperatures? My Phenom 2 1090T is idling at 50°C and I have tried everything to get it down. I can play Deus Ex HR, Arkham City, or Dirt 3 and it hovers around 60. I have cleaned out all my fans: 2 intake (front and side), 1 exhaust (Arctic Freezer). My machine is a brand new Antec 520 high current gamer. Also: Extreme3 770 8 GB Kingston DDR3 (2x4 GB) 750 GB Seagate Barracuda ASUS Xonar DG Radeon HD 5670 New Arctic Freezer Pro Rev 2 (days old and mounted properly with Arctic Silver 5). I also dropped an Athlon 250 dual core into my rig and that ran at under 30. Is the CPU dying? I know that 50°C idle for an AMD is not normal.

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• Burning a Custom CD/DVD software Image

  - by Iceking007

  Hello I am trying to Burn a disk let me catch you up where I am at as I have a very SPECIFIC question and it may be difficult to explain but I will try to keep it simple: I have software already in an ISO file; I am using Daemon tools on a Windows based PC What I am wanting to do is create the actual Picture (not disk image file) that will show up on the Disk drive when I insert the disk Eg: if you put microsoft Office 11 in your comp. you open up My Computer to view all your HD and Disk drives you will see the image that microsoft put on the disk which is a silver CD and the Microsoft Office logo on the top corner. I would like to know how to edit my current ISO file or what I need to do in order to put "A PICTURE" or "AN ICON FILE" on the CD/DVD so that when I insert the disk into any PC it will show up with the PICTURE OR ICON file I chose and look proffessional. Thank you for your time

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• Display aspect ratio problem on netbooks?

  - by Jian Lin

  Last night in a computer store with the midnight sale of Windows 7, I see many netbooks, all are 1024 x 600 resolution. Then when the CPU meter and the Clock gadget were added, the CPU meter looked spherical, but the clock (the second clock -- the silver one) looked somewhat oval. Later on I went to all the desktops and both the CPU meter and the clock were spherical. So do the netbook have this "aspect ratio" problem? It is not a big deal but it'd be nice to know if I get a netbook and know that it is common on the netbook. (and aware that the picture and photos will be slightly distorted). Update: All the netbooks were at 1024 x 600, which was their "native" resolution. Every single one of them showed an oval shaped clock. None of the desktop had that issue.

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• USB microphone very quiet in Windows 7 64bit [migrated]

  - by Brian Harris

  My microphone input is very quiet. I record my voice and the recording comes out very faint. I can barely see the level indicator move when I'm 4 inches away, only when I'm 0.5 inches away does it pick up well enough. Motherboard: P8Z68-V Windows 7 64bit Mic: http://www.amazon.com/Logitech-Desktop-Microphone-Black-Silver/dp/B00009EHJV/ I've been searching the net and lots of people have this problem but I don't see any solutions that work. Maybe this isn't the best forum for a question like this, if not then let me know.

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• I/O ports vs case holes

  - by David Oneill

  I'm in the midst of building a new desktop (first time building my own). I bought MSI NF750-G55 AM3 NVIDIA nForce 750a SLI HDMI ATX motherboard, and HEC 6C28BS Black / Silver Steel ATX Mid Tower case. When they both arrived, I realized that the I/O panel on the case doesn't have the same holes that the motherboard needs. So my two questions are: 1) What should I have done? Both claim to be ATX. Do I just need to look more carefully at the pictures? 2) What should I do now? Can I just remove the whole panel (leaving empty spaces between and around the different ports? Specifically, will it cause problems to do this? (I'm looking for advice about question 1, but will accept based on question 2)

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• Boot time virus scan from USB drive

  - by Tomas Sedovic

  I want to check for viruses on a computer that I suspect may be infected with malware. Its users are running an antivirus, but there's always the risk that something slips past and the way I see it, once the system is infected the antivirus is useless because the malware can hide itself from the AV. I think the best way to go (besides clean reinstall of the OS) would be to have an antivirus running at a boot time from a CD or a USB key. That way, the malware is just lying on the disk and cannot do any of its hide-and-seek stuff (provided the AV comes from an uninfected PC and all that). So, I'm looking for something that: Runs at boot time (off USB key or CD-ROM) Does not touch or require the local OS Discovers malware fairly well (like, Avast, AVG, Norton, whatever -- I think the're all the same anyway) Can handle Windows filesystems (FAT 32, NTFS, WinFS ;-) ) Comes from some sort of trusted source (no Windows Antivirus 2009) I know that this is no silver bullet (nothing is, really*), but I do have a feeling it's more likely to help than doing the scan* within the infected system.

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• Which PSU should one chose? The biggest is the best?

  - by Shiki

  I'm fully aware of PSU's "Active PFC" and that they won't consume the written W all the time. (Makes sense). But now I'm before a PSU replacement (Guys: NEVER buy a Chieftec. Seriously.) The question is: If one can get a bigger one (in my case 750W and 650W) ... should that person go for the bigger one ? (The difference in price is not much). No, I don't think I'll soon use all that much. (Please help (if you want of course) to make the question more generic if the question is really not OK in this form. I've been wondering about this for a time already. In my case it would be XFX Black Edition Silver 750W and 650W) (Basically about "which one" I would go with XFX/Antec/something which comes with industry qualified parts. Like Duracell but in a PSU. :) But the performance is a different thing.)

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• Which PSU should I chose? The biggest is the best?

  - by Shiki

  I'm fully aware of PSU's "Active PFC" and that they won't consume the written W all the time. (Makes sense). But now I'm before a PSU replacement (Guys: NEVER buy a Chieftec. Seriously.) The question is: If one can get a bigger one (in my case 750W and 650W) ... should that person go for the bigger one ? (The difference in price is not much). No, I don't think I'll soon use all that much. (Help (if you want of course) to make the question more generic if the question is really not OK in this form. I've been wondering about this for a time already. In my case it would be XFX Black Edition Silver 750W and 650W)

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• Making Sense of ASP.NET Paths

  - by Rick Strahl

  ASP.Net includes quite a plethora of properties to retrieve path information about the current request, control and application. There's a ton of information available about paths on the Request object, some of it appearing to overlap and some of it buried several levels down, and it can be confusing to find just the right path that you are looking for. To keep things straight I thought it a good idea to summarize the path options along with descriptions and example paths. I wrote a post about this a long time ago in 2004 and I find myself frequently going back to that page to quickly figure out which path I’m looking for in processing the current URL. Apparently a lot of people must be doing the same, because the original post is the second most visited even to this date on this blog to the tune of nearly 500 hits per day. So, I decided to update and expand a bit on the original post with a little more information and clarification based on the original comments. Request Object Paths Available Here's a list of the Path related properties on the Request object (and the Page object). Assume a path like http://www.west-wind.com/webstore/admin/paths.aspx for the paths below where webstore is the name of the virtual. .blackborder td { border-bottom: solid 1px silver; border-left: solid 1px silver; } Request Property Description and Value ApplicationPath Returns the web root-relative logical path to the virtual root of this app. /webstore/ PhysicalApplicationPath Returns local file system path of the virtual root for this app. c:\inetpub\wwwroot\webstore PhysicalPath Returns the local file system path to the current script or path. c:\inetpub\wwwroot\webstore\admin\paths.aspx Path FilePath CurrentExecutionFilePath All of these return the full root relative logical path to the script page including path and scriptname. CurrentExcecutionFilePath will return the ‘current’ request path after a Transfer/Execute call while FilePath will always return the original request’s path. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx AppRelativeCurrentExecutionFilePath Returns an ASP.NET root relative virtual path to the script or path for the current request. If in  a Transfer/Execute call the transferred Path is returned. ~/admin/paths.aspx PathInfo Returns any extra path following the script name. If no extra path is provided returns the root-relative path (returns text in red below). string.Empty if no PathInfo is available. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx/ExtraPathInfo RawUrl Returns the full root relative URL including querystring and extra path as a string. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx?sku=wwhelp40 Url Returns a fully qualified URL including querystring and extra path. Note this is a Uri instance rather than string. http://www.west-wind.com/webstore/admin/paths.aspx?sku=wwhelp40 UrlReferrer The fully qualified URL of the page that sent the request. This is also a Uri instance and this value is null if the page was directly accessed by typing into the address bar or using an HttpClient based Referrer client Http header. http://www.west-wind.com/webstore/default.aspx?Info Control.TemplateSourceDirectory Returns the logical path to the folder of the page, master or user control on which it is called. This is useful if you need to know the path only to a Page or control from within the control. For non-file controls this returns the Page path. /webstore/admin/ As you can see there’s a ton of information available there for each of the three common path formats: Physical Path is an OS type path that points to a path or file on disk. Logical Path is a Web path that is relative to the Web server’s root. It includes the virtual plus the application relative path. ~/ (Root-relative) Path is an ASP.NET specific path that includes ~/ to indicate the virtual root Web path. ASP.NET can convert virtual paths into either logical paths using Control.ResolveUrl(), or physical paths using Server.MapPath(). Root relative paths are useful for specifying portable URLs that don’t rely on relative directory structures and very useful from within control or component code. You should be able to get any necessary format from ASP.NET from just about any path or script using these mechanisms. ~/ Root Relative Paths and ResolveUrl() and ResolveClientUrl() ASP.NET supports root-relative virtual path syntax in most of its URL properties in Web Forms. So you can easily specify a root relative path in a control rather than a location relative path: <asp:Image runat="server" ID="imgHelp" ImageUrl="~/images/help.gif" /> ASP.NET internally resolves this URL by using ResolveUrl("~/images/help.gif") to arrive at the root-relative URL of /webstore/images/help.gif which uses the Request.ApplicationPath as the basepath to replace the ~. By convention any custom Web controls also should use ResolveUrl() on URL properties to provide the same functionality. In your own code you can use Page.ResolveUrl() or Control.ResolveUrl() to accomplish the same thing: string imgPath = this.ResolveUrl("~/images/help.gif"); imgHelp.ImageUrl = imgPath; Unfortunately ResolveUrl() is limited to WebForm pages, so if you’re in an HttpHandler or Module it’s not available. ASP.NET Mvc also has it’s own more generic version of ResolveUrl in Url.Decode: <script src="<%= Url.Content("~/scripts/new.js") %>" type="text/javascript"></script> which is part of the UrlHelper class. In ASP.NET MVC the above sort of syntax is actually even more crucial than in WebForms due to the fact that views are not referencing specific pages but rather are often path based which can lead to various variations on how a particular view is referenced. In a Module or Handler code Control.ResolveUrl() unfortunately is not available which in retrospect seems like an odd design choice – URL resolution really should happen on a Request basis not as part of the Page framework. Luckily you can also rely on the static VirtualPathUtility class: string path = VirtualPathUtility.ToAbsolute("~/admin/paths.aspx"); VirtualPathUtility also many other quite useful methods for dealing with paths and converting between the various kinds of paths supported. One thing to watch out for is that ToAbsolute() will throw an exception if a query string is provided and doesn’t work on fully qualified URLs. I wrote about this topic with a custom solution that works fully qualified URLs and query strings here (check comments for some interesting discussions too). Similar to ResolveUrl() is ResolveClientUrl() which creates a fully qualified HTTP path that includes the protocol and domain name. It’s rare that this full resolution is needed but can be useful in some scenarios. Mapping Virtual Paths to Physical Paths with Server.MapPath() If you need to map root relative or current folder relative URLs to physical URLs or you can use HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(). Inside of a Page you can do the following: string physicalPath = Server.MapPath("~/scripts/ww.jquery.js")); MapPath is pretty flexible and it understands both ASP.NET style virtual paths as well as plain relative paths, so the following also works. string physicalPath = Server.MapPath("scripts/silverlight.js"); as well as dot relative syntax: string physicalPath = Server.MapPath("../scripts/jquery.js"); Once you have the physical path you can perform standard System.IO Path and File operations on the file. Remember with physical paths and IO or copy operations you need to make sure you have permissions to access files and folders based on the Web server user account that is active (NETWORK SERVICE, ASPNET typically). Note the Server.MapPath will not map up beyond the virtual root of the application for security reasons. Server and Host Information Between these settings you can get all the information you may need to figure out where you are at and to build new Url if necessary. If you need to build a URL completely from scratch you can get access to information about the server you are accessing: Server Variable Function and Example SERVER_NAME The of the domain or IP Address wwww.west-wind.com or 127.0.0.1 SERVER_PORT The port that the request runs under. 80 SERVER_PORT_SECURE Determines whether https: was used. 0 or 1 APPL_MD_PATH ADSI DirectoryServices path to the virtual root directory. Note that LM typically doesn’t work for ADSI access so you should replace that with LOCALHOST or the machine’s NetBios name. /LM/W3SVC/1/ROOT/webstore Request.Url and Uri Parsing If you still need more control over the current request URL or  you need to create new URLs from an existing one, the current Request.Url Uri property offers a lot of control. Using the Uri class and UriBuilder makes it easy to retrieve parts of a URL and create new URLs based on existing URL. The UriBuilder class is the preferred way to create URLs – much preferable over creating URIs via string concatenation. Uri Property Function Scheme The URL scheme or protocol prefix. http or https Port The port if specifically specified. DnsSafeHost The domain name or local host NetBios machine name www.west-wind.com or rasnote LocalPath The full path of the URL including script name and extra PathInfo. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx Query The query string if any ?id=1 The Uri class itself is great for retrieving Uri parts, but most of the properties are read only if you need to modify a URL in order to change it you can use the UriBuilder class to load up an existing URL and modify it to create a new one. Here are a few common operations I’ve needed to do to get specific URLs: Convert the Request URL to an SSL/HTTPS link For example to take the current request URL and converted  it to a secure URL can be done like this: UriBuilder build = new UriBuilder(Request.Url); build.Scheme = "https"; build.Port = -1; // don't inject port Uri newUri = build.Uri; string newUrl = build.ToString(); Retrieve the fully qualified URL without a QueryString AFAIK, there’s no native routine to retrieve the current request URL without the query string. It’s easy to do with UriBuilder however: UriBuilder builder = newUriBuilder(Request.Url); builder.Query = ""; stringlogicalPathWithoutQuery = builder.ToString(); What else? I took a look through the old post’s comments and addressed as many of the questions and comments that came up in there. With a few small and silly exceptions this update post handles most of these. But I’m sure there are a more things that go in here. What else would be useful to put onto this post so it serves as a nice all in one place to go for path references? If you think of something leave a comment and I’ll try to update the post with it in the future.© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in ASP.NET  

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