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  • Slapd service won't start, unable to open pid file

    - by Foezjie
    I'm trying to set up a test LDAP-server for some developers but I'm running into some trouble. service slapd start errors so I run /usr/sbin/slapd -d 1 and this gives me the following error at the end: unable to open pid file "/var/run/ldap/slapd.pid": 13 (Permission denied) slapd destroy: freeing system resources. slapd stopped. The rights for /var/run/ldap are as follows: root@pec:/var/run/ldap# ls -ld drwxr-xr-x 2 openldap openldap 60 2012-07-04 20:45 So I don't get why there is still a permission denied. Syslog gives the following when running slapd: Jul 4 21:00:27 pec slapd[13758]: @(#) $OpenLDAP: slapd 2.4.21 (Dec 19 2011 15:40:04) $#012#011buildd@allspice:/build/buildd/openldap-2.4.21/debian/build/servers/slapd Jul 4 21:00:27 pec kernel: [8147247.203100] type=1503 audit(1341428427.953:64): operation="truncate" pid=13758 parent=20433 profile="/usr/sbin/slapd" requested_mask="::w" denied_mask="::w" fsuid=0 ouid=119 name="/var/run/ldap/slapd.pid" Can anyone point me in the right direction?

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  • Openfire Installation Issue - Can't Login to admin panel

    - by Lobe
    I am trying to get Openfire to install on an Ubuntu virtual machine, however upon completing the web based installer, I am unable to login to the admin panel. So far I: downloaded debian installer Installed using stock options Added database and built the structure using supplied sql file Completed web based installer I am now trying to login using username: admin and my password, however I constantly get a wrong username/password error. There is a record generated in the MySQL DB showing the admin user with an encrypted password, and changing to an unencoded password doesn't work. Can anyone help pinpoint the problem here? Thanks

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  • Apache disable DNS lookups

    - by odeceixe
    I'm using Debian 4.3.2-1 and Apache 2 on my production server. Watching the logs, I noticed Apache is resolving client's hostnames even with HostnameLookups Off in apache2.conf. I want to avoid these lookups so I'm guessing Apache is making this DNS query because I have mod_authz_host enabled. When I try to unlink this module, I get several modules complaining because they use the Order directive. How is the clean way to go? Should I comment all Order directives like Order allow,deny Deny from all Is this the only way to stop Apache from making DNS requests? I would like to deny access to .htaccess files and some rules like that.

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  • how connect to local mysql server (LAN)

    - by clarkk
    I got two Debian 6 servers - one for web and one for the database.. How can I connect through the local area network? On both servers I have permanently changed the hostnames /etc/hostname /etc/hosts web => web-server db => db-server In the privileges in mysql I have set the root user to accept requests from web-server (instead of localhost) and from the web-server I connect to db-server in my.cnf I have escaped the following line: # bind-address = 127.0.0.1 error Warning: mysqli::mysqli(): (HY000/2005): Unknown MySQL server host 'db-server' (1)

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  • Why is my IMAP port not showing as open ( yet it works? )

    - by Leo
    Ive recently setup Postfix and Dovecot IMAP on a Debian Lenny box. Sending to this domain works fine and reading the email via IMAP works fine too. I'm curious though as to why when running nmap, port 10143 is not shown as open. nmap -sS -O 127.0.0.1 Starting Nmap 4.62 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2011-11-26 21:30 GMT Interesting ports on localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1): Not shown: 1711 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 25/tcp open smtp 80/tcp open http 3306/tcp open mysql Am I missing something with NMAP? Thanks Leo

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  • Linux Mint Wireless doesn't connect [migrated]

    - by guisantogui
    I'm having a great problem, I've installed Linux mint debian edition (LMDE), and following this tutorial http://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/view/161 I did installed the network driver. The available connections appears to me, but when i try to connect to my connection at first time, I got this message: "(4) Did not receive a reply. Possible causes include: the remote application did not send a reply, the message bus security policy blocked the reply, the reply timeout expired, or the network connection was broken." And the following tries, I got this another message: "(32) Insufficient privileges." I'm accepting ideas. Thanks.

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  • Ubuntu Server 12.04 LTS on Hyper-V 2012

    - by user137533
    I have the following scenario: Hyper-V 2012 server core installation. On top of this i created a virtual machine on which i tried installing Ubuntu Server 12.04 which should not have any compatibility issues according to what Microsoft and Ubuntu are saying (although it is not officially supported). I start, run the installation and everything is ok, no problems detecting the network device or the hard drive (unlike debian which didn't even detect the hard drive). Once the installation is complete it asks me to reboot, it unmounts the "dvd drive" and reboots. Once it tries to start again i get the following error: Boot failure. Reboot and Select proper Boot device or Insert Boot Media in the selected Boot device. It seems to not be booting up from the virtual hard drive. The hard drive is set up in SCSI mode, nothing mounted on the IDE controller (no iso image or anything else. Does anyone have any ideas on what i can do to solve this?

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  • Lot of Multicast traffic on LAN

    - by Nel
    Recently the whole network at work is being hit by multicast traffic originating on the LAN itself. I did some investigating and the service which seems to be responsible is ws-discovery. I have attached a screenshot of wireshark capturing the traffic. I have tried shutting down the source machine from which it was originating, but the multicast traffic still seems to be present in the network. My network topology 2 subnets - 10.10.10.0/24 and 10.20.10.0/24. Gateway is a debian system. We have 3 switches for 3 floors. They are all unmanaged Dlink 24-port switches. Multicast blocking at switch level is out of the question. Any solutions? :(

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  • How do I disable other monitors while running games in Wine?

    - by Michael Cheng
    My current setup is: * Dual GTS 250 video cards * 3 Monitors * Used nvidia-settings to run each monitor as a separate x session * This is all running on Linux Mint Debian Edition When running games (Starcraft II) in Wine via PlayOnLinux, I've found that the mouse does not get locked. I already tried various solutions littered across the web and none work so I'd rather just disable my other two monitors while playing. Does anyone know of a method where I can turn off my other two monitors (not my primary monitor) while running Wine and then turn then back on afterwards? I don't mind having to manually run a script before and after gaming. Thanks.

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  • Disable .htaccess from apache allowoverride none, still reads .htaccess files

    - by John Magnolia
    I have moved all of our .htaccess config into <Directory> blocks and set AllowOverride None in the default and default-ssl. Although after restarting apache it is still reading the .htaccess files. How can I completely turn off reading these files? Update of all files with "AllowOverride" /etc/apache2/mods-available/userdir.conf <IfModule mod_userdir.c> UserDir public_html UserDir disabled root <Directory /home/*/public_html> AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit Indexes Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec <Limit GET POST OPTIONS> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Limit> <LimitExcept GET POST OPTIONS> Order deny,allow Deny from all </LimitExcept> </Directory> </IfModule> /etc/apache2/mods-available/alias.conf <IfModule alias_module> # # Aliases: Add here as many aliases as you need (with no limit). The format is # Alias fakename realname # # Note that if you include a trailing / on fakename then the server will # require it to be present in the URL. So "/icons" isn't aliased in this # example, only "/icons/". If the fakename is slash-terminated, then the # realname must also be slash terminated, and if the fakename omits the # trailing slash, the realname must also omit it. # # We include the /icons/ alias for FancyIndexed directory listings. If # you do not use FancyIndexing, you may comment this out. # Alias /icons/ "/usr/share/apache2/icons/" <Directory "/usr/share/apache2/icons"> Options Indexes MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </IfModule> /etc/apache2/httpd.conf # # Directives to allow use of AWStats as a CGI # Alias /awstatsclasses "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/classes/" Alias /awstatscss "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/css/" Alias /awstatsicons "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/icon/" ScriptAlias /awstats/ "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/cgi-bin/" # # This is to permit URL access to scripts/files in AWStats directory. # <Directory "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot"> Options None AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> Alias /awstats-icon/ /usr/share/awstats/icon/ <Directory /usr/share/awstats/icon> Options None AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl <IfModule mod_ssl.c> <VirtualHost _default_:443> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/ssl_access.log combined # SSL Engine Switch: # Enable/Disable SSL for this virtual host. SSLEngine on # A self-signed (snakeoil) certificate can be created by installing # the ssl-cert package. See # /usr/share/doc/apache2.2-common/README.Debian.gz for more info. # If both key and certificate are stored in the same file, only the # SSLCertificateFile directive is needed. SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key # Server Certificate Chain: # Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the # concatenation of PEM encoded CA certificates which form the # certificate chain for the server certificate. Alternatively # the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile # when the CA certificates are directly appended to the server # certificate for convinience. #SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/server-ca.crt # Certificate Authority (CA): # Set the CA certificate verification path where to find CA # certificates for client authentication or alternatively one # huge file containing all of them (file must be PEM encoded) # Note: Inside SSLCACertificatePath you need hash symlinks # to point to the certificate files. Use the provided # Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes. #SSLCACertificatePath /etc/ssl/certs/ #SSLCACertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/ca-bundle.crt # Certificate Revocation Lists (CRL): # Set the CA revocation path where to find CA CRLs for client # authentication or alternatively one huge file containing all # of them (file must be PEM encoded) # Note: Inside SSLCARevocationPath you need hash symlinks # to point to the certificate files. Use the provided # Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes. #SSLCARevocationPath /etc/apache2/ssl.crl/ #SSLCARevocationFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crl/ca-bundle.crl # Client Authentication (Type): # Client certificate verification type and depth. Types are # none, optional, require and optional_no_ca. Depth is a # number which specifies how deeply to verify the certificate # issuer chain before deciding the certificate is not valid. #SSLVerifyClient require #SSLVerifyDepth 10 # Access Control: # With SSLRequire you can do per-directory access control based # on arbitrary complex boolean expressions containing server # variable checks and other lookup directives. The syntax is a # mixture between C and Perl. See the mod_ssl documentation # for more details. #<Location /> #SSLRequire ( %{SSL_CIPHER} !~ m/^(EXP|NULL)/ \ # and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_O} eq "Snake Oil, Ltd." \ # and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_OU} in {"Staff", "CA", "Dev"} \ # and %{TIME_WDAY} >= 1 and %{TIME_WDAY} <= 5 \ # and %{TIME_HOUR} >= 8 and %{TIME_HOUR} <= 20 ) \ # or %{REMOTE_ADDR} =~ m/^192\.76\.162\.[0-9]+$/ #</Location> # SSL Engine Options: # Set various options for the SSL engine. # o FakeBasicAuth: # Translate the client X.509 into a Basic Authorisation. This means that # the standard Auth/DBMAuth methods can be used for access control. The # user name is the `one line' version of the client's X.509 certificate. # Note that no password is obtained from the user. Every entry in the user # file needs this password: `xxj31ZMTZzkVA'. # o ExportCertData: # This exports two additional environment variables: SSL_CLIENT_CERT and # SSL_SERVER_CERT. These contain the PEM-encoded certificates of the # server (always existing) and the client (only existing when client # authentication is used). This can be used to import the certificates # into CGI scripts. # o StdEnvVars: # This exports the standard SSL/TLS related `SSL_*' environment variables. # Per default this exportation is switched off for performance reasons, # because the extraction step is an expensive operation and is usually # useless for serving static content. So one usually enables the # exportation for CGI and SSI requests only. # o StrictRequire: # This denies access when "SSLRequireSSL" or "SSLRequire" applied even # under a "Satisfy any" situation, i.e. when it applies access is denied # and no other module can change it. # o OptRenegotiate: # This enables optimized SSL connection renegotiation handling when SSL # directives are used in per-directory context. #SSLOptions +FakeBasicAuth +ExportCertData +StrictRequire <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$"> SSLOptions +StdEnvVars </FilesMatch> <Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin> SSLOptions +StdEnvVars </Directory> # SSL Protocol Adjustments: # The safe and default but still SSL/TLS standard compliant shutdown # approach is that mod_ssl sends the close notify alert but doesn't wait for # the close notify alert from client. When you need a different shutdown # approach you can use one of the following variables: # o ssl-unclean-shutdown: # This forces an unclean shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. no # SSL close notify alert is send or allowed to received. This violates # the SSL/TLS standard but is needed for some brain-dead browsers. Use # this when you receive I/O errors because of the standard approach where # mod_ssl sends the close notify alert. # o ssl-accurate-shutdown: # This forces an accurate shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. a # SSL close notify alert is send and mod_ssl waits for the close notify # alert of the client. This is 100% SSL/TLS standard compliant, but in # practice often causes hanging connections with brain-dead browsers. Use # this only for browsers where you know that their SSL implementation # works correctly. # Notice: Most problems of broken clients are also related to the HTTP # keep-alive facility, so you usually additionally want to disable # keep-alive for those clients, too. Use variable "nokeepalive" for this. # Similarly, one has to force some clients to use HTTP/1.0 to workaround # their broken HTTP/1.1 implementation. Use variables "downgrade-1.0" and # "force-response-1.0" for this. BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-6]" \ nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \ downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 # MSIE 7 and newer should be able to use keepalive BrowserMatch "MSIE [17-9]" ssl-unclean-shutdown </VirtualHost> </IfModule> /etc/apache2/sites-available/default <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> Alias /delboy /usr/share/phpmyadmin <Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin> # Restrict phpmyadmin access Order Deny,Allow Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> </VirtualHost> /etc/apache2/conf.d/security # # Disable access to the entire file system except for the directories that # are explicitly allowed later. # # This currently breaks the configurations that come with some web application # Debian packages. # #<Directory /> # AllowOverride None # Order Deny,Allow # Deny from all #</Directory> # Changing the following options will not really affect the security of the # server, but might make attacks slightly more difficult in some cases. # # ServerTokens # This directive configures what you return as the Server HTTP response # Header. The default is 'Full' which sends information about the OS-Type # and compiled in modules. # Set to one of: Full | OS | Minimal | Minor | Major | Prod # where Full conveys the most information, and Prod the least. # #ServerTokens Minimal ServerTokens OS #ServerTokens Full # # Optionally add a line containing the server version and virtual host # name to server-generated pages (internal error documents, FTP directory # listings, mod_status and mod_info output etc., but not CGI generated # documents or custom error documents). # Set to "EMail" to also include a mailto: link to the ServerAdmin. # Set to one of: On | Off | EMail # #ServerSignature Off ServerSignature On # # Allow TRACE method # # Set to "extended" to also reflect the request body (only for testing and # diagnostic purposes). # # Set to one of: On | Off | extended # TraceEnable Off #TraceEnable On /etc/apache2/apache2.conf # # Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool. # # This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the # configuration directives that give the server its instructions. # See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/ for detailed information about # the directives. # # Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding # what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure # consult the online docs. You have been warned. # # The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections: # 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a # whole (the 'global environment'). # 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server, # which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host. # These directives also provide default values for the settings # of all virtual hosts. # 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to # different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the # same Apache server process. # # Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many # of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the # server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin # with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "foo.log" # with ServerRoot set to "/etc/apache2" will be interpreted by the # server as "/etc/apache2/foo.log". # ### Section 1: Global Environment # # The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, # such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it # can find its configuration files. # # # ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's # configuration, error, and log files are kept. # # NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network) # mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available # at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile>); # you will save yourself a lot of trouble. # # Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path. # #ServerRoot "/etc/apache2" # # The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK. # LockFile ${APACHE_LOCK_DIR}/accept.lock # # PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process # identification number when it starts. # This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars # PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE} # # Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out. # Timeout 300 # # KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than # one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate. # KeepAlive On # # MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow # during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. # We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. # MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 # # KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the # same client on the same connection. # KeepAliveTimeout 4 ## ## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific) ## # prefork MPM # StartServers: number of server processes to start # MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 500 </IfModule> # worker MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadLimit: ThreadsPerChild can be changed to this maximum value during a # graceful restart. ThreadLimit can only be changed by stopping # and starting Apache. # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_worker_module> StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # event MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_event_module> StartServers 2 MaxClients 150 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} # # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy all </Files> # # DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document # if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions. # If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is # a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications # or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to # keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are # text. # DefaultType text/plain # # HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses # e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off). # The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people # had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that # each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the # nameserver. # HostnameLookups Off # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # # LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log. # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. # LogLevel warn # Include module configuration: Include mods-enabled/*.load Include mods-enabled/*.conf # Include all the user configurations: Include httpd.conf # Include ports listing Include ports.conf # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # If you are behind a reverse proxy, you might want to change %h into %{X-Forwarded-For}i # LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent # Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files, # see README.Debian for details. # Include generic snippets of statements Include conf.d/ # Include the virtual host configurations: Include sites-enabled/

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  • Should DKIM signing happen in the application or the MTA?

    - by thomasrutter
    I'm trying to weigh up whether DKIM signing should be done by the application sending mail (for instance, the mailing list software you're using) or at the mail transfer agent (sendmail, postfix etc). Do you know any good arguments either way? As far as I can see, doing it at the MTA, such as with dkim-milter, is a lot easier to set up. However, if anyone gets access to the server, even just a normal unprivileged account such as a web hosting client's login, they'd be able to send email using sendmail and get the full blessing of my DKIM signature. What do you think is the best solution for my situation? I'm using a Debian server with apache, postfix, php&mysql, etc.

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  • Socksify TCP connections reaching a gateway IP -- preferably without iptables

    - by Alexandra Neagu
    I have Virtualbox installed on Debian with a few virtual machines. I can't install anything in the guests, and I use host only networking, vboxnet0. The host IP in the host network is 192.168.56.1, and the guests have static IPs in 192.168.56.0/24. I access Internet with a SOCKS proxy (without authentication) and I would like the Virtualbox guests TCP connections to be sent through the SOCKS proxy. This would also be useful for socksifying external TCP reaching a gateway network card or wireless access point. I looked at transocks, tun2socks, with dante-client, etc., but I don't know how can I achieve this without enabling IP forwarding in the host and using iptables. Maybe to attach somehow the Virtualbox vboxnet0 network to the tunnel tun0 used by tun2socks? Or maybe there is a way to do NAT to tun0 in Virtualbox? I only need TCP traffic and I don't need UDP, not even for DNS.

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  • Adobe Reader seems to use wrong lpr command when printing to CUPS

    - by zebonaut
    Hi, on my debian lenny box, printing via CUPS works fine, e.g. using OpenOffice. When printing from Adobe Reader, however, stuff doesn't work. It appears the problem happens during the first step of the process, when Adobe Reader talks to lpr. I guess this is the reason because I get an error message from Adobe Reader like: The following error occurred while printing... 'usage: lpr [-cdfghlmnpqrstv] [-#num] [-1234 font] [-C class] [-i [numcols]] [-J job] [-Pprinter] [-T title] [-U user] [-wnum] [name ...]' Looks like lpr complains about the way Adobe Reader talks to it, doesn't it? This happens no matter if I print to my laser or to CUPS-PDF. It seems like Adobe Reader sends a command like lpr -P CUPS-PDF -o PageSizeA4 -o blah -o blah Is there anything I can configure to make things work?

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  • Postfix: how to use simple file for SASL authentication?

    - by Jonathan
    I'd like to run Postfix on a Debian VPS to send e-mails from my application. The application (running on other VPSes) would connect to Postfix via SMTP. Postfix does not have to handle incoming email; it's just about sending the outgoing messages. To prevent being an open relay, SASL authentication should be used. However, I don't want to run Dovecot or MySQL for SASL authentication. How can I setup SASL authentication using a simple file (containing usernames and passwords)? I already found a similar question; however, no satisfying answers where given there.

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  • Secure PHP environments with PHP-FPM and SFTP

    - by pdd
    I'd like to set up secure environments for a small number of untrusted PHP websites on a Debian server. Right now everything runs on the same Apache2 with mod_php5 and vsftpd for administrative file access, so there is room for improvement. The idea is to use nginx instead of apache, SFTP through OpenSSH instead of vsftpd and chrooted (in sshd_config), individual users for each website with their own pool of PHP processes. All these users and nginx are part of the same group. Now in theory I can set 700 permissions on all PHP scripts and 750 on static files that nginx has to serve up. Theoretically, if a website is compromised all the other users' data is safe, right? Are there better solutions that require less setup time and memory per website? Cheers

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  • linux refused to mount a valid partition

    - by greg
    My setup is a linux box with 1 partition used thought LVM - has been working for years. I add a freeze and after the reboot the partition cannot be mounted: mount -r -t ext3 /dev/pve/data /mnt/pve-data mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/mapper/pve-data, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so However fsck doesn't see any problem with it: fsck.ext3 -fp /dev/pve/data /dev/pve/data: 3024076/60366848 files (0.6% non-contiguous), 156921642/241435648 blocks There's nothing in dmegs nor the syslog. I'm puzzled, what's wrong with my partition? Thanks in advance greg debian 5.0.10 LVM 2.02.39

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  • How can I recover Google Chrome extensions, settings after a Linux crash?

    - by Norman Ramsey
    I'm running Google Chrome 5.0.307.11 (Official Build 39572) beta on Debian Linux (lenny) kernel version 2.6.26-2-686. The machine is a laptop (Lenovo Thinkpad X300) and sometimes it freezes, usually shortly after wakeup from sleep. The only cure is the power button, but when I restart my Google Chrome web browser after such an event, Settings on the Options menu revert to defaults. Chrome removes all the extensions from ~/.config/google-chrome/Default/Extensions, leaving me with no extensions. The set of "pages last open" is lost. I'd love to know how to poke at the file system in order to recover any or all of this information, especially my extensions. It is a pain to re-do everything by hand each time. How can I recover Google Chrome's extensions and settings after a Linux crash?

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  • Windows 2003 DNS updates from ISC DHCP server

    - by wolfgangsz
    We have a very mixed network, with most clients being Debian Lenny, the rest Windows XP/Vista/7. The network itself is split into two segments (for technical reasons) called "corporate" and "engineering". On the "corporate" side all clients get their IP addresses from a Windows DHCP server and the dynamic updates into the Windows DNS work just fine. On the "engineering" side, clients get their IP addresses from a linux machine running the standard ISC DHCP server. Although this server is configured to do dynamic DNS updates, they actually don't work. Anybody got any advice on how to fix this? Please note: dynamic updates from the clients directly into the DNS would work, but are not an option for us. So this is strictly on how make this work from an ISC DHCP server to a Windows DNS server.

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  • How can I use the shell to make my mp3s a Shoutcast source?

    - by ChasonDehsotel
    I'm looking to stream a directory of mp3s from my audio source (Debian server) to my Shoutcast server. The idea is to have an archive playing in the instance that someone isn't broadcasting live. I'm not sure how to continue. I started with extensive Google-ing, and was unable to come up with a solution. Evan Carroll suggested I try here. I appreciate any insight y'all may have. __ On a side note, "users with less than 100 reputation can't create new tags. The tags 'shoutcast-source shoutcast broadcasting' are new. Try using existing tags instead." -- Who can create these?

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  • SSH is not working .. Password promt is not coming

    - by Sumanth Lingappa
    I am not able to SSH into my ubuntu server since yesterday. I am not using any keyless or public key method.. Its simple SSH with username and password everytime.. However I can do a VNC session running on my ubuntu server.. But I am afraid that if the vnc session goes out, I wont be having any way to login to the server.. My ssh-vvv output is as below.. sumanth@sumanth:~$ ssh -vvv user@serverIP OpenSSH_6.6.1, OpenSSL 1.0.1f 6 Jan 2014 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to 172.16.2.156 [172.16.2.156] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1 debug1: identity file /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1 debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.6.1p1 Ubuntu-2ubuntu2 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1 pat OpenSSH_5* compat 0x0c000000 debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "172.16.2.156" from file "/home/sumanth/.ssh/known_hosts" debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type ECDSA in file /home/sumanth/.ssh/known_hosts:5 debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ssh-ed25519,ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-256-96,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-512-96,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-256-96,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-512-96,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: mac_setup: setup hmac-md5 debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug2: mac_setup: setup hmac-md5 debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: sending SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY debug1: Server host key: ECDSA ea:4e:15:52:15:dd:6b:09:d4:36:cb:14:2d:c3:1b:7a debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "172.16.2.156" from file "/home/sumanth/.ssh/known_hosts" debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type ECDSA in file /home/sumanth/.ssh/known_hosts:5 debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys debug1: Host '172.16.2.156' is known and matches the ECDSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/sumanth/.ssh/known_hosts:5 debug1: ssh_ecdsa_verify: signature correct debug2: kex_derive_keys debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: Roaming not allowed by server debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_rsa ((nil)), debug2: key: /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_dsa ((nil)), debug2: key: /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_ecdsa ((nil)), debug2: key: /home/sumanth/.ssh/id_ed25519 ((nil)),

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  • Optimizing MySQL for small VPS

    - by Chris M
    I'm trying to optimize my MySQL config for a verrry small VPS. The VPS is also running NGINX/PHP-FPM and Magento; all with a limit of 250MB of RAM. This is an output of MySQL Tuner... -------- General Statistics -------------------------------------------------- [--] Skipped version check for MySQLTuner script [OK] Currently running supported MySQL version 5.1.41-3ubuntu12.8 [OK] Operating on 64-bit architecture -------- Storage Engine Statistics ------------------------------------------- [--] Status: -Archive -BDB -Federated +InnoDB -ISAM -NDBCluster [--] Data in MyISAM tables: 1M (Tables: 14) [--] Data in InnoDB tables: 29M (Tables: 301) [--] Data in MEMORY tables: 1M (Tables: 17) [!!] Total fragmented tables: 301 -------- Security Recommendations ------------------------------------------- [OK] All database users have passwords assigned -------- Performance Metrics ------------------------------------------------- [--] Up for: 2d 11h 14m 58s (1M q [8.038 qps], 33K conn, TX: 2B, RX: 618M) [--] Reads / Writes: 83% / 17% [--] Total buffers: 122.0M global + 8.6M per thread (100 max threads) [!!] Maximum possible memory usage: 978.2M (404% of installed RAM) [OK] Slow queries: 0% (37/1M) [OK] Highest usage of available connections: 6% (6/100) [OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 32.0M/282.0K [OK] Key buffer hit rate: 99.7% (358K cached / 1K reads) [OK] Query cache efficiency: 83.4% (1M cached / 1M selects) [!!] Query cache prunes per day: 48301 [OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (0 temp sorts / 144K sorts) [OK] Temporary tables created on disk: 13% (27K on disk / 203K total) [OK] Thread cache hit rate: 99% (6 created / 33K connections) [!!] Table cache hit rate: 0% (32 open / 51K opened) [OK] Open file limit used: 1% (20/1K) [OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 99% (1M immediate / 1M locks) [!!] InnoDB data size / buffer pool: 29.2M/8.0M -------- Recommendations ----------------------------------------------------- General recommendations: Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance Reduce your overall MySQL memory footprint for system stability Enable the slow query log to troubleshoot bad queries Increase table_cache gradually to avoid file descriptor limits Variables to adjust: *** MySQL's maximum memory usage is dangerously high *** *** Add RAM before increasing MySQL buffer variables *** query_cache_size (> 64M) table_cache (> 32) innodb_buffer_pool_size (>= 29M) and this is the config. # # The MySQL database server configuration file. # # You can copy this to one of: # - "/etc/mysql/my.cnf" to set global options, # - "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options. # # One can use all long options that the program supports. # Run program with --help to get a list of available options and with # --print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use. # # For explanations see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html # This will be passed to all mysql clients # It has been reported that passwords should be enclosed with ticks/quotes # escpecially if they contain "#" chars... # Remember to edit /etc/mysql/debian.cnf when changing the socket location. [client] port = 3306 socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock # Here is entries for some specific programs # The following values assume you have at least 32M ram # This was formally known as [safe_mysqld]. Both versions are currently parsed. [mysqld_safe] socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock nice = 0 [mysqld] # # * Basic Settings # # # * IMPORTANT # If you make changes to these settings and your system uses apparmor, you may # also need to also adjust /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld. # user = mysql socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp skip-external-locking # # Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on # localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure. bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # # * Fine Tuning # key_buffer = 32M max_allowed_packet = 16M thread_stack = 192K thread_cache_size = 8 sort_buffer_size = 4M read_buffer_size = 4M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 16M # This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed # the first time they are touched myisam-recover = BACKUP max_connections = 100 table_cache = 32 tmp_table_size = 128M #thread_concurrency = 10 # # * Query Cache Configuration # #query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_type = 1 query_cache_size = 64M # # * Logging and Replication # # Both location gets rotated by the cronjob. # Be aware that this log type is a performance killer. # As of 5.1 you can enable the log at runtime! #general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log #general_log = 1 log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log # Here you can see queries with especially long duration #log_slow_queries = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log #long_query_time = 2 #log-queries-not-using-indexes # # The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication. # note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about # other settings you may need to change. #server-id = 1 #log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M #binlog_do_db = include_database_name #binlog_ignore_db = include_database_name # # * InnoDB # # InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/. # Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many! # # * Security Features # # Read the manual, too, if you want chroot! # chroot = /var/lib/mysql/ # # For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI "tinyca". # # ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem # ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem # ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem [mysqldump] quick quote-names max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] #no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql but no tab completition [isamchk] key_buffer = 16M # # * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file! # The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored. # !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/ The site contains 1 wordpress site,so lots of MYISAM but mostly static content as its not changing all that often (A wordpress cache plugin deals with this). And the Magento Site which consists of a lot of InnoDB tables, some MyISAM and some INMEMORY. The "read" side seems to be running pretty well with a mass of optimizations I've used on Magento, the NGINX setup and PHP-FPM + XCACHE. I'd love to have a kick in the right direction with the MySQL config so I'm not blindly altering it based on the MySQLTuner without understanding what I'm changing. Thanks

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  • mod_proxy security

    - by brad
    I'm on Debian Lenny using apache2. in my proxy.conf I tried adding Allow from localhost as suggested in some other forums to get proxying to work. Didn't work. It only worked if I say Allow from all My question is this. Are there any security implications to this Allow from all directive? Most people were saying to make this as limited as possible, but "all" is the client right? I want anyone regardless of their IP to be forwarded properly. Is there a better way to configure this?

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  • Multiple domains, one config, hosted on apache2

    - by Kristoffer Sall Hansen
    First a quick disclaimer, I'm not a 'server guy' or a 'unix pro' or anything like that, I'm a web programmer who got stuck doing server works since I ran linux (ubuntu) on my netbook. I'm trying to set up an apache server running on Debian to automagically serve multiple domains, each domain needs to have its own directory in /var/www. Since this is the last thing I do for this company I really need it to be easy for my successor (who is even more a beginner at servers than I am), to create more domains without having to muck around with ssh or /etc/apache2/sites-available, so what I'm looking for is basically any magic mumbo-jumbo in default (or apt-get, or conf.d) that makes the server start serving any domain that has a matching folder in /var/www they will ofcourse have to initiate domain transfers the usual way. I have no problem setting up domains individually. Ick... hope the above makes sense to someone.

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  • postfix 5.7.1 Relay access denied when sending mail with cron

    - by zensys
    Reluctant to ask because there is so much here about 'postfix relay access denied' but I cannot find my case: I use php (Zend Framework) to send emails outside my network using the Google mail server because I could not send mail outside my server (user: web). However when I sent out an email via cron (user: root, I believe), still using ZF, using the same mail config/credentials, I get the message: '5.7.1 Relay access denied' I guess I need to know one of two things: 1. How can I use the google smtp server from cron 2. What do I need to change in my config to send mail using my own server instead of google Though the answer to 2. is the more structural solution I assume, I am quite happy with an answer to 1. as well because I think Google is better at server maintaince (security/spam) than I am. Below my ZF application.ini mail section, main.cf and master.cf: application.ini: resources.mail.transport.type = smtp resources.mail.transport.auth = login resources.mail.transport.host = "smtp.gmail.com" resources.mail.transport.ssl = tls resources.mail.transport.port = 587 resources.mail.transport.username = [email protected] resources.mail.transport.password = xxxxxxx resources.mail.defaultFrom.email = [email protected] resources.mail.defaultFrom.name = "my company" main.cf: # Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first # line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default # is /etc/mailname. #myorigin = /etc/mailname smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) biff = no # appending .domain is the MUA's job. append_dot_mydomain = no # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings #delay_warning_time = 4h readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/smtpd.cert smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/smtpd.key smtpd_use_tls = yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client. myhostname = mail.second-start.nl mydomain = second-start.nl alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases myorigin = /etc/mailname mydestination = relayhost = mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION" mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all html_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix/html message_size_limit = 30720000 virtual_alias_domains = virtual_alias_maps = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_forwardings.cf, mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_email2email.cf virtual_mailbox_domains = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_domains.cf virtual_mailbox_maps = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_mailboxes.cf virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail virtual_uid_maps = static:5000 virtual_gid_maps = static:5000 smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes # see under Spam smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination proxy_read_maps = $local_recipient_maps $mydestination $virtual_alias_maps $virtual_alias_domains $virtual_mailbox_maps $virtual_mailbox_domains $relay_recipient_maps $relay_domains $canonical_maps $sender_canonical_maps $recipient_canonical_maps $relocated_maps $transport_maps $mynetworks $virtual_mailbox_limit_maps virtual_transport = dovecot dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1 # Spam disable_vrfy_command = yes smtpd_delay_reject = yes smtpd_helo_required = yes smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, check_helo_access hash:/etc/postfix/helo_access, reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_invalid_hostname, permit smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination, reject_invalid_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, permit_mynetworks, reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_rbl_client sbl.spamhaus.org, reject_rbl_client zen.spamhaus.org, reject_rbl_client cbl.abuseat.org, reject_rbl_client bl.spamcop.net, permit smtpd_error_sleep_time = 1s smtpd_soft_error_limit = 10 smtpd_hard_error_limit = 20 master.cf: # ========================================================================== # service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args # (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100) # ========================================================================== smtp inet n - - - - smtpd #smtp inet n - - - 1 postscreen #smtpd pass - - - - - smtpd #dnsblog unix - - - - 0 dnsblog #tlsproxy unix - - - - 0 tlsproxy #submission inet n - - - - smtpd # -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt # -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING #smtps inet n - - - - smtpd # -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes # -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes # -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject # -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING #628 inet n - - - - qmqpd pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr #qmgr fifo n - - 300 1 oqmgr tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce defer unix - - - - 0 bounce trace unix - - - - 0 bounce verify unix - - - - 1 verify flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap smtp unix - - - - - smtp # When relaying mail as backup MX, disable fallback_relay to avoid MX loops relay unix - - - - - smtp -o smtp_fallback_relay= # -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5 showq unix n - - - - showq error unix - - - - - error retry unix - - - - - error discard unix - - - - - discard local unix - n n - - local virtual unix - n n - - virtual lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil scache unix - - - - 1 scache # # ==================================================================== # Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual # pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants. # # Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery # agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient} # and other message envelope options. # ==================================================================== # # maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details. # Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1 # maildrop unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient} # # ==================================================================== # # Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry. # # Specify in cyrus.conf: # lmtp cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4 # # Specify in main.cf one or more of the following: # mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost # # ==================================================================== # # Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux) # Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1 # #cyrus unix - n n - - pipe # user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # Old example of delivery via Cyrus. # #old-cyrus unix - n n - - pipe # flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user} # # ==================================================================== # # See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details. # uucp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient) # # Other external delivery methods. # ifmail unix - n n - - pipe flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient) bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension} mailman unix - n n - - pipe flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py ${nexthop} ${user} dovecot unix - n n - - pipe flags=DRhu user=vmail:vmail argv=/usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -d ${recipient}

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  • Ubuntu server failing daily

    - by deanvz
    Symptoms: Server becomes unresponsive - Increase in load, all services stop Loss of connectivity - Ping/SSH Flush MySQL hosts after reboot - As MySQL refuses new connections Intermittent Apache crashes Generally happens early morning hours - 2 days of the week are however excluded Changes made: Updated the OS - to Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS Not sure if the MySQL server was also updated in the process Current MySQL version - mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.63, for debian-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 6.1 Updated Plesk from 10.4.4 Update #47 to 11.0.9 Update #23 Rebooted on almost daily basis All crons stopped for the times corresponding to the server crashes Created a MySQL log to monitor the lock times on queries Possible causes: Failing hardware Incorrect software configuration (MySQL, Apache etc) Responsibilities: Small webserver Runs our billing system - WHMCS Responsible for CRONs Bulk-email solution - No delivery times coincide with server crashes Proposed solutions: Move machine over to VM Format and restore the Plesk server backup and take it from there? Side notes: Seems to be a general Apache failure across all our linux servers - Intermittent problem Are we doing something fundamentally wrong in the Apache config? (I understand that this is a secondary question, just making sure that it isnt possibly holding any relevance)

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