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• nginx: rewrite URL but have original URL stored in access.log as 200

  - by mhambra

  I'm setting up a link tracking system, which (temporarily) involves adding /link/id/ in front of URL (like http://server/data/id/publication/id/). rewrite data/id/(.*) http://server/$1; The request is logged as: ip - - [17/Nov/2011:10:07:19 +0300] "GET /data/id/publication/id.html HTTP/1.1" 302 154 "-" "UA"` For some reason (keeping the compatibility with AWStats) it is wanted to have 200 logged instead of 302. (nginx allows to get 301 code out of box with permanent option, but thats inappropriate too) What are my options here? Will the combination of location { } and rewrite do the job?

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• Reserve one http slot for /server-status?

  - by Stefan Lasiewski

  I have an Apache server which is hanging for some reason. When I normally want to check on the load of an Apache server, I tend to use mod_status via the URL at http://webserver1.example.org/server-status or from the commandline like service httpd fullstatus. However today, the Server is refusing all new connections. Some mysterious problem is causing connections to stall, which means that number of connections fills up all available connections (e.g. The number of connects exceeds the MaxClients setting), and therefore neither http://webserver1.example.org/server-status nor service httpd fullstatus can return anything. Is it possible to configure Apache to reserve one or two slots for the mod_status pages?

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• Host http:// and https:// for same domain on separate IIS servers

  - by The Talking Walnut

  Is it possible to host http://example.com and https://example.com on two separate IIS servers?

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• Squid url rewrites https>>http

  - by bobfran

  I'm exploring some uses with Squid proxy 2.7 and I have seen a good number of examples for url rewrites that take urls such as: http: //somesitename.com and then the rewriter can change the url to: https: //somesitename.com And those examples work great. What I'm wondering though, is if its possible to do the reverse with a squid url rewriter. that is, to go from https: //somesitename.com to http: //somesitename.com ? Simply trying to edit the script file that handles the rewrites doesn't seem to do the trick. So I was wondering if there are some certain things I have to configure squid to do first, if its even possible to do what I am asking. I have my browser manually set up to have squid as a proxy for all requests and I can see https requests showing up in my squid access.log file (via the CONNECT method).

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• MongoDB REST interface not listening after update

  - by Ones and Zeroes

  I replaced the mongodb-10gen install with the Ubuntu package (mongodb-server, mongodb-client and dev). apt-get install mongodb Thereafter, I am now unable to connect to the REST interface, where it worked before. Doing a wget to http://127.0.0.1:27018, I receive the following response: Connecting to 127.0.0.1:27018... failed: Connection refused. My previous /etc/mongodb.conf file had the following in: #enable REST rest = true Adding it to the packaged conf file does not resolve the issue, not even after restarting. I also tried changing the following with no effect: # Disable the HTTP interface (Defaults to localhost:27018). # nohttpinterface = true to # Disable the HTTP interface (Defaults to localhost:27018). nohttpinterface = false I have searched for days, and there doesn't seem to be anything on the Mongo site about a similar anomaly. If you have encountered a similar issue on Ubuntu Oneiric, please add your comments, even if you haven't found a solution to this issue.

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• Nginx 'if' statement in http context?

  - by andy

  I want to set a variable in the http context of nginx so it applies to all my servers. However, 'if' is only supported in server & location. How can I set a variable in the http context so it will affect all servers? Might the lua module be able to help with this (although I'd rather have a pure nginx solution). If so, please provide an example. I just want to set the following variable so it applies to all servers: # only allow gzip encoding. For all other cases, use identity (uncompressed) if ($http_accept_encoding ~* "gzip") { set $sanitised_accept_encoding "gzip"; } if ($http_accept_encoding != "gzip") { set $sanitised_accept_encoding ""; }

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• Remove Windows 7's limitation on number of concurrent tcp connections (http web requests)

  - by Ghita

  I have an application that tries to open as many http requests as possible (in order to stress test a proxy implementation) It seems to me that Win7 (SP1) may have a limitation on number of concurrent opened connection (it may be the so called half-open state if I'm not wrong). Is there something I can do for client ? and also I test using a vista PC that acts as a proxy server. It would be great if I could configure it to sustain at least 50 new connections initiated / second on client side and many more on server. I made the modification according to this technet article by setting TcpNumConnections = 150 but it doesn't make a difference. I still only see about 20 tcp sockets associated with my http client by using tcpview.

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• Getting Steam.exe to run through a http proxy

  - by Kryptonite

  I'm sitting behind an http proxy which Steam refuses to go through. Trying Proxifier to fix the solution rendered an error about having to use an https proxy, though research shows that it shouldn't need one. Is it possible to make a target parameter in a shortcut? ie. "C:\Program Files\Steam\Steam.exe" --http-proxy=myusername:mypassword@SERVERNAME:8080 I have the server name and port number, though I'm yet to understand the relevance of 'myusername:mypassword', or infact which username and password these instructions were referring to. Of course, if a target parameter wouldn't work, would there be another way to get Steam to work?

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• Linux QoS (Skype / BitTorent / SIP / HTTP priority)

  - by Andre

  We are configuring a linux box that will act as internet gateway for an office of 30-50 computers. We are using iptables/HTB for traffic shaping. Is there a way to match traffic on L7 level? It's easy to identify traffic by TCP/UDP ports (like SIP and HTTP). But what if we are dealing with Skype & BitTorent? It was surprise for me that there is no powerful and matured sulution for tasks like this. I found only l7-filter (http://l7-filter.clearfoundation.com/) patch for the Linux kernel, but it's no longer supported (it seems to). Moreover it couldn't be compiled with modern Linux kernels. The only option I found was to use a Cisco router. Are there other ways to identify and shape Skype and Bittorent traffic?

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• http 301 redirection issue

  - by Guilhem Soulas

  I'm a little bit lost with a redirection. I want mysite.com, www.mysite.com and www.mysite.co.uk to redirect to mysite.co.uk. In Apache, I wrote this for mysite.co.uk in order to redirect www to the root domain: RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www RewriteRule ^/(.*) http://mysite.co.uk/$1 [L,R=301] And for mysite.com, I wrote this redirect to mysite.co.uk: ServerName www.mysite.com RewriteEngine on RewriteRule ^/(.*) http://mysite.co.uk/$1 [L,R=301] This way, I can make the redirection work properly from www.mysite.com to mysite.co.uk, but it doesn't work for mysite.com too mysite.co.uk (without the www) at the same time. Could someone tell me how to make all my redirections work in all cases?

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• Apache .shared folder

  - by Kevin

  There are already a bunch of rules in my Apache configuration. What I want to add is the following. There are some shared folders (.shared): /var/www/.shared/ and /var/www/.include/.shared/ and /var/www/.include/(.*)/.shared/. Now when someone visits http://domain.com/test.png it first executes the existing apache rules and will (when the file/folder was not found) look in those .shared folders. So suppose I've got this filesystem: /var/www/.shared/dog.png /var/www/.shared/test.gif and /var/www/domain.com/dog.png. Now when someone visits http://domain.com/test.gif, it must load the test.gif from the .shared folder. Now when someone visits http://domain.com/dog.png it must load the dog.png from the domain.com folder (because the existing apache rules will be executed first).

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• Why do I see different TCP behaviour between IIS and FTP server applications on Windows 2003?

  - by rupello

  I am comparing Wireshark traces of a 10MB file download file from: the FileZilla FTP server and IIS (using HTTP) on the same Windows 2003 server. The FTP download performs faster and the trace shows the server behaving as expected, sending more data to the client with every ACK received: Link to full-size image The HTTP server trace shows a more bursty pattern. The timing of the send bursts are sometimes unrelated to any ACKs received from the client (circled in red): Link to full-size image Anyone have a suggestion as to why IIS traffic is having like this? Update: We have tried modifying the http.sys registry settings (setting MaxBytesPerSend to 256k and MaxBufferedSendBytes to 64k as recommended). Changing MaxBytesPerSend does seem to improve performance by increasing the amount of in-flight data , but we still see the same bursty pattern.

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• How to open http for linux server

  - by wtfcoder

  I am a Windows (IIS) software engineer, but recently I've been thrown into a Linux server admin role until we can find someone to fill the position. I am not ashamed to admit I have no idea what I am doing. Currently the problem I am trying to solve is that the server is only responding to https requests. However, we need it to respond to standard http requests as well. We don't really have anything that needs to stay secure on its way to the requester. I am running redhat linux via bash. If anyone could tell me how to enable http requests I would really appreciate it! Thanks Please make sure your response is fairly step by step as I have minimal command line experience :/

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• [Javascript] Linux Ajax (mootools Request.JSON) Header error

  - by VDVLeon

  Hi all, I use the following code to get some json data: var request = new Request.JSON( { 'url': sourceURI, 'onSuccess': onPageData } ); request.get(); Request.JSON is a class from Mootools (a javascript library). But on linux (ubuntu on firefox 3.5 and Chrome) the request always fails. So i tried to display the http request ajax is sending. (I used netcat to display it) The request is like this: OPTIONS /the+url HTTP/1.1 Host: example.com Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US) AppleWebKit/532.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/4.0.226.0 Safari/532.3 Referer: http://example.com/ref... Access-Control-Request-Method: GET Origin: http://example.com Access-Control-Request-Headers: X-Request, X-Requested-With, Accept Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 The HTTP request (first line) is not how it should be: OPTIONS /the+url HTTP/1.1 It should be: GET /the+url HTTP/1.1 Does anybody know why this problem is and how to fix it?

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• Apache proxy to Lighttpd: changing $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] in php

  - by watain

  I have a WordPress blog running on lighttpd-1.4.19, listening on at www00:81. On the same host, apache-2.2.11 listens on port 80, which creates a proxy connection from http://blog.mydomain.org:80 to http://blog.mydomain.org:81. The Apache virtualhost looks as follows: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName blog.mydomain.org ProxyRequests Off <Proxy *> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> ProxyPass / http://blog.mydomain.org:81/ ProxyPassReverse / http://blog.mydomain.org:81/ </VirtualHost> Using debug.log-request-handling = "enable" I get the following log entry when I browse http://blog.mydomain.org:80 (notice the Host headers): 2010-05-10 08:47:14: (request.c.294) fd: 6 request-len: 853 GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: blog.mydomain.org:81 [...] 2010-05-10 08:47:15: (request.c.294) fd: 8 request-len: 754 GET /wp-content/uploads/2010/01/image.gif?w=280 HTTP/1.1 Host: www00:81 My problem: as far as I know, the PHP environment variable $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] is set to that Host header variable. Unfortunately, WordPress uses that variable in their system to create URLs to pictures on the blog. These URLs won't be accessible behind a firewall of course. How can I force the host header to be blog.mydomain.org instead of blog.mydomain.org:81, respectively www00:81? I already added set server.name = "blog.mydomain.org" to my lighttpd.conf, but this didn't work. Any suggestions are appreciated, thank you.

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• Get Browser to send both If-None-Match and If-Modified-Since

  - by Glen

  My Browser isn't sending back an If-Modified-Since Header for PHP generated Content on the first request my script sends: (Status-Line) HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date Thu, 21 Jan 2010 08:55:25 GMT Server Apache/2.2.11 (Win32) PHP/5.2.9-1 X-Powered-By PHP/5.2.9-1 Pragma no-cache x-ua-compatible IE=8;FF=3;OtherUA=4 Last-Modfied Sat, 02 Jan 2010 02:02:20 GMT Content-Length 28453 Etag b98e0795b509be20146f58e06fbb624f Keep-Alive timeout=5, max=90 Connection Keep-Alive Content-Type image/png it on the second request it sends: (Request-Line) GET /kincumberunitingchurch/banner_image.php?id=1 HTTP/1.1 Host localhost User-Agent Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.0.17) Gecko/2009122116 Firefox/3.0.17 Accept image/png,image/*;q=0.8,*/*;q=0.5 Accept-Language en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding gzip,deflate Accept-Charset ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive 300 Connection keep-alive Referer http://localhost/kincumberunitingchurch/index.php?sid=tgl9jq3f71nau3cj9vps6pna03 Cookie sid=tgl9jq3f71nau3cj9vps6pna03; PHPSESSID=m0jvven6d7l65pl6odm9ecfnt4 If-None-Match b98e0795b509be20146f58e06fbb624f Cache-Control max-age=0 for other files the sever sends first: (Status-Line) HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date Thu, 21 Jan 2010 08:55:25 GMT Server Apache/2.2.11 (Win32) PHP/5.2.9-1 Last-Modified Wed, 30 Dec 2009 02:40:58 GMT Etag "1000000013d35-40d9-47be9117f6280" Accept-Ranges bytes Content-Length 16601 Keep-Alive timeout=5, max=84 Connection Keep-Alive Content-Type image/png and my browser send the following on the next request: (Request-Line) GET /kincumberunitingchurch/img/cbuttons.png HTTP/1.1 Host localhost User-Agent Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.0.17) Gecko/2009122116 Firefox/3.0.17 Accept image/png,image/*;q=0.8,*/*;q=0.5 Accept-Language en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding gzip,deflate Accept-Charset ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive 300 Connection keep-alive Referer http://localhost/kincumberunitingchurch/mystyle.css Cookie sid=tgl9jq3f71nau3cj9vps6pna03; PHPSESSID=m0jvven6d7l65pl6odm9ecfnt4 If-Modified-Since Wed, 30 Dec 2009 02:40:58 GMT If-None-Match "1000000013d35-40d9-47be9117f6280" Cache-Control max-age=0 why would it send the If-Modified-Since header

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• What can I do about Hack Attempts

  - by Matt

  I have an ASP.net website hosted using the Ultidev Web Server Pro. Every day I get a steady stream of errors generated by my application where page requests were requested and denied. This is obviously someone/something trying to find any exploits on my website. Here is an example log: 28/08/2012 11:37:11 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpmyadmin/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:11 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpMyAdmin/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:12 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpMyAdmin-2/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:12 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/php-my-admin/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:13 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpMyAdmin-2.2.3/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:13 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpMyAdmin-2.2.6/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:14 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpMyAdmin-2.5.1/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:14 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpMyAdmin-2.5.4/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:15 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpMyAdmin-2.5.5-rc1/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:15 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpMyAdmin-2.5.5-rc2/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:15 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpMyAdmin-2.5.5/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:16 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpMyAdmin-2.5.5-pl1/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:16 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpMyAdmin-2.5.6-rc1/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:17 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpMyAdmin-2.5.6-rc2/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:18 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpMyAdmin-2.5.6/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:18 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpMyAdmin-2.5.7/index.php 28/08/2012 11:37:19 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/phpMyAdmin-2.5.7-pl1/index.php 28/08/2012 13:52:07 - File not Found:http://MyWebServer/admin/pma/translators.html Is this normal? Is there anything I can do to protect myself against this?

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• JavaScript Class Patterns Revisited: Endgame

  - by Liam McLennan

  I recently described some of the patterns used to simulate classes (types) in JavaScript. But I missed the best pattern of them all. I described a pattern I called constructor function with a prototype that looks like this: function Person(name, age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } Person.prototype = { toString: function() { return this.name + " is " + this.age + " years old."; } }; var john = new Person("John Galt", 50); console.log(john.toString()); and I mentioned that the problem with this pattern is that it does not provide any encapsulation, that is, it does not allow private variables. Jan Van Ryswyck recently posted the solution, obvious in hindsight, of wrapping the constructor function in another function, thereby allowing private variables through closure. The above example becomes: var Person = (function() { // private variables go here var name,age; function constructor(n, a) { name = n; age = a; } constructor.prototype = { toString: function() { return name + " is " + age + " years old."; } }; return constructor; })(); var john = new Person("John Galt", 50); console.log(john.toString()); Now we have prototypal inheritance and encapsulation. The important thing to understand is that the constructor, and the toString function both have access to the name and age private variables because they are in an outer scope and they become part of the closure.

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• How to enable HTTP response caching in Spring Boot

  - by Samuli Kärkkäinen

  I have implemented a REST server using Spring Boot 1.0.2. I'm having trouble preventing Spring from setting HTTP headers that disable HTTP caching. My controller is as following: @Controller public class MyRestController { @RequestMapping(value = "/someUrl", method = RequestMethod.GET) public @ResponseBody ResponseEntity<String> myMethod( HttpServletResponse httpResponse) throws SQLException { return new ResponseEntity<String>("{}", HttpStatus.OK); } } All HTTP responses contain the following headers: Cache-Control: no-cache, no-store, max-age=0, must-revalidate Expires: 0 Pragma: no-cache I've tried the following to remove or change those headers: Call setCacheSeconds(-1) in the controller. Call httpResponse.setHeader("Cache-Control", "max-age=123") in the controller. Define @Bean that returns WebContentInterceptor for which I've called setCacheSeconds(-1). Set property spring.resources.cache-period to -1 or a positive value in application.properties. None of the above have had any effect. How do I disable or change these headers for all or individual requests in Spring Boot?

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• PHP given a series of arbitrary numbers, how can I choose a logical max value on a line graph?

  - by stormist

  I am constructing a line graph in PHP. I was setting the max value of the line graph to the max value of my collection of items, but this ended up making the graph less readable you are unable to view the highest line on the graph as it intersects with the top of it. So what I need is basically a formula to take a set of numbers and calculate what the logical max value of on the line graph should be.. so some examples 3500 250 10049 45394 434 312 Max value on line graph should probably be 50000 493 412 194 783 457 344 max value on line graph would ideally be 1000 545 649 6854 5485 11545 In this case, 12000 makes sense as max value So something as simple as rounding upward to the nearest thousandth might work but I'd need it to progressively increase as the numbers got bigger. (50000 instead of 46,000 in first example) The maximum these numbers will ever be is about a million. Any recommendations would be greatly appreciated, thank you.

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• Why I get java.net.SocketException: Connection reset

  - by Jammy

  I need sent some requests to server side and get reponse, sometimes when I call specific method to run the flollowing common code, I get one error in line(addToCookieJar(connection);), any idea how this get happened? URL url = new URL(providerURL); HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection(); connection.setRequestMethod("POST"); connection.setDoInput(true); connection.setDoOutput(true); connection.setUseCaches(false); connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream"); // We understand gzip encoding connection.addRequestProperty("Accept-Encoding", "gzip"); if (cookie != null && cookieHandler != null) { connection.setRequestProperty("Cookie", cookie); } if (cookieHandler == null) { addFromCookieJar(connection); } // Send the request ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream()); oos.writeObject(remote.getName()); oos.writeObject(m.getName()); // method name oos.writeObject(m.getParameterTypes()); // formal parameters oos.writeObject(args); // actual parameters oos.flush(); oos.close(); if (cookieHandler == null) { cookieJar.put(new URI(providerURL), connection.getHeaderFields()); } Exception: java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException at $Proxy0.updateDocument(Unknown Source) at com.agst.ui.gantt.GanttPanel.doUpdateDocument(GanttPanel.java:1931) at com.agst.ui.gantt.GanttPanel.save(GanttPanel.java:1419) at com.agst.ui.gantt.GanttPanel$4.run(GanttPanel.java:1673) at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) Caused by: java.net.SocketException: Connection reset at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source) at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source) at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection$6.run(Unknown Source) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getChainedException(Unknown Source) at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(Unknown Source) at com.agst.rmi.RemoteCallHandler.call(RemoteCallHandler.java:196) at com.agst.rmi.RemoteCallHandler.invoke(RemoteCallHandler.java:142) ... 5 more Caused by: java.net.SocketException: Connection reset at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(Unknown Source) at java.io.BufferedInputStream.fill(Unknown Source) at java.io.BufferedInputStream.read1(Unknown Source) at java.io.BufferedInputStream.read(Unknown Source) at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.parseHTTPHeader(Unknown Source) at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.parseHTTP(Unknown Source) at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.parseHTTP(Unknown Source) at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(Unknown Source) at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getHeaderFields(Unknown Source) at com.agst.rmi.RemoteCallHandler.addToCookieJar(RemoteCallHandler.java:529) at com.agst.rmi.RemoteCallHandler.call(RemoteCallHandler.java:192) ... 6 more

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• Simple 301 redirect; how do I get it to drop the query string?

  - by Throlkim

  Hopefully there's a simple solution to this. I'm setting up a redirect for old search listings, but I don't want any of the query string to carry over. The current rule is: redirect 301 /blog http://newdomain.com But this would redirect the following: http://www.olddomain.com/blog/2009/11/article-name-etc To this: http://newdomain.com/2009/11/article-name-etc When I just want: http://newdomain.com Can this be done in the simple 301 redirect, or will I have to write a mod_rewrite rule?

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• Why is wget so much faster than Firefox at some downloads?

  - by Earlz

  Recently, I needed to do an update of Xilinx WebPack, mind you, this is one hefty piece of software. It weighs in at 6gigs, which definitely isn't "quick" on any internet I've ever had available to me. So, when I went to download it(using Firefox of course), I was very... unsettled by the fact that the download was only going at 110kByte/s. My internet connection is capable of about 2200kByte/s download, so what gives!? My workaround in the past for this issue has been to take the link to my Linode linux server and download it there with wget, where the download will zip along at 14MByte/s, and then either copying it to my website directory and downloading it that way through HTTP, or using sftp. Both ways work about as well and will sufficiently max out my connection. However, I recently figured out the missing variable. I tried doing the download locally with wget and was able to max out my connection! TL;DR; Now, my question. Why is wget so much faster than firefox at downloading this file? I hardly ever have such a difference in download speeds except for with this one file.

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• Is it bad idea to use flag variable to search MAX element in array?

  - by Boris Treukhov

  Over my programming career I formed a habit to introduce a flag variable that indicates that the first comparison has occured, just like Msft does in its linq Max() extension method implementation public static int Max(this IEnumerable<int> source) { if (source == null) { throw Error.ArgumentNull("source"); } int num = 0; bool flag = false; foreach (int num2 in source) { if (flag) { if (num2 > num) { num = num2; } } else { num = num2; flag = true; } } if (!flag) { throw Error.NoElements(); } return num; } However I have met some heretics lately, who implement this by just starting with the first element and assigning it to result, and oh no - it turned out that STL and Java authors have preferred the latter method. Java: public static <T extends Object & Comparable<? super T>> T max(Collection<? extends T> coll) { Iterator<? extends T> i = coll.iterator(); T candidate = i.next(); while (i.hasNext()) { T next = i.next(); if (next.compareTo(candidate) > 0) candidate = next; } return candidate; } STL: template<class _FwdIt> inline _FwdIt _Max_element(_FwdIt _First, _FwdIt _Last) { // find largest element, using operator< _FwdIt _Found = _First; if (_First != _Last) for (; ++_First != _Last; ) if (_DEBUG_LT(*_Found, *_First)) _Found = _First; return (_Found); } Are there any preferences between one method or another? Are there any historical reasons for this? Is one method more dangerous than another?

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• Array.BinarySearch does not find item using IComparable

  - by Sir Psycho

  If a binary search requires an array to be sorted before hand, why does the following code work? string[] strings = new[] { "z", "a", "y", "e", "v", "u" }; int pos = Array.BinarySearch(strings, "Y", StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase); Console.WriteLine(pos); And why does this code result return -1? public class Person : IComparable<Person> { public string Name { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } public int CompareTo(Person other) { return this.Age.CompareTo(other.Age) + this.Name.CompareTo(other.Name); } } var people = new[] { new Person { Age=5,Name="Tom"}, new Person { Age=1,Name="Tom"}, new Person { Age=2,Name="Tom"}, new Person { Age=1,Name="John"}, new Person { Age=1,Name="Bob"}, }; var s = new Person { Age = 1, Name = "Tom" }; // returns -1 Console.WriteLine( Array.BinarySearch(people, s) );

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