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  • What is the best python module skeleton code?

    - by user213060
    == Subjective Question Warning == Looking for well supported opinions or supporting evidence. Let us assume that skeleton code can be good. If you disagree with the very concept of module skeleton code then fine, but please refrain from repeating that opinion here. Many python IDE's will start you with a template like: print 'hello world' That's not enough... So here's my skeleton code to get this question started: My Module Skeleton, Short Version: #!/usr/bin/env python """ Module Docstring """ # ## Code goes here. # def test(): """Testing Docstring""" pass if __name__=='__main__': test() and, My Module Skeleton, Long Version: #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: ascii -*- """ Module Docstring Docstrings: http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0257/ """ __author__ = 'Joe Author ([email protected])' __copyright__ = 'Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Joe Author' __license__ = 'New-style BSD' __vcs_id__ = '$Id$' __version__ = '1.2.3' #Versioning: http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0386/ # ## Code goes here. # def test(): """ Testing Docstring""" pass if __name__=='__main__': test() Notes: """ ===MODULE TYPE=== Since the vast majority of my modules are "library" types, I have constructed this example skeleton as such. For modules that act as the main entry for running the full application, you would make changes such as running a main() function instead of the test() function in __main__. ===VERSIONING=== The following practice, specified in PEP8, no longer makes sense: __version__ = '$Revision: 1.2.3 $' for two reasons: (1) Distributed version control systems make it neccessary to include more than just a revision number. E.g. author name and revision number. (2) It's a revision number not a version number. Instead, the __vcs_id__ variable is being adopted. This expands to, for example: __vcs_id__ = '$Id: example.py,v 1.1.1.1 2001/07/21 22:14:04 goodger Exp $' ===VCS DATE=== Likewise, the date variable has been removed: __date__ = '$Date: 2009/01/02 20:19:18 $' ===CHARACTER ENCODING=== If the coding is explicitly specified, then it should be set to the default setting of ascii. This can be modified if necessary (rarely in practice). Defaulting to utf-8 can cause anomalies with editors that have poor unicode support. """ There are a lot of PEPs that put forward coding style recommendations. Am I missing any important best practices? What is the best python module skeleton code? Update Show me any kind of "best" that you prefer. Tell us what metrics you used to qualify "best".

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  • How to add a context processor from a Django app

    - by Edan Maor
    Say I'm writing a Django app, and all the templates in the app require a certain variable. The "classic" way to deal with this, afaik, is to write a context processor and add it to TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS in the settings.py. My question is, is this the right way to do it, considering that apps are supposed to be "independent" from the actual project using them? In other words, when deploying that app to a new project, is there any way to avoid the project having to explicitly mess around with its settings?

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  • Can't retrieve more than 2 gmail messages using Zend framework imap access - server dies - doens't r

    - by Ali
    Hi guys I'm working on a google apps application. Basically I've set it up so users can add multiple gmail addresses and check on their inboxes in the application. It works fine with a google apps email address however when I add a gmail address it just dies out. I'm using this code here: $mail = new Zend_Mail_Storage_Imap($mail_options); $all_messages = array(); $page = isset($_GET['page'])?$_GET['page']:1; $limit = isset($_GET['limit'])?$_GET['limit']:20; $offset = (($page-1)*$limit)+1; $end = ($page*$limit)>$c?$c:($page*$limit); for ($i=$offset;$i<=$end;$i++){ $h2t = new html2text(); $h2t->set_allowed_tags('<a>'); if(!$mail[$i]) break; else{ $one_message = $mail->getMessage($i); $one_message->id = $i; $one_message->UID = $mail->getUniqueId($i); $one_message->parts = array(); $one_message->body = ''; $count = 1; foreach (new RecursiveIteratorIterator($mail->getMessage($i)) as $ii=>$part) { try { $tpart = $part; //$tpart->_content = ''; $one_message->parts[$count] = $tpart; $count++; // check for html body if (strtok($part->contentType, ';') == 'text/html') { $b = $part->getContent(); if($part->contentTransferEncoding == 'quoted-printable') $b = quoted_printable_decode($b); $one_message->html_body = $b; $h2t->set_html($b); $one_message->body = $h2t->get_text(); } //check for text body if (strtok($part->contentType, ';') == 'text/plain') { $b = $part->getContent(); if($part->contentTransferEncoding == 'quoted-printable') $b = quoted_printable_decode($b); $one_message->text_body = $b; $one_message->body = $b;//$part->getContent(); } } catch (Zend_Mail_Exception $e) { // ignore } } $all_messages[] = $one_message; } } No matter what the emails it dies out on retrieving just 2 emails... whats going on here?

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  • Automaticly Change VisualState in Silverlight

    - by Matt
    If you create a simple button and then choose Edit Template - Edit a Copy, Blend will automatically generate a style area, along with all the button states (MouseEnter, MouseLeave, Pressed, etc). No where in the generated code does it say that on a "MouseOver" event, change the state to "MouseOver", but it still manages to work! How does a standard button do it? Is there some sort of AutoEventWireUp going on?

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  • C++ Class Access Specifier Verbosity

    - by PolyTex
    A "traditional" C++ class (just some random declarations) might resemble the following: class Foo { public: Foo(); explicit Foo(const std::string&); ~Foo(); enum FooState { Idle, Busy, Unknown }; FooState GetState() const; bool GetBar() const; void SetBaz(int); private: struct FooPartialImpl; void HelperFunction1(); void HelperFunction2(); void HelperFunction3(); FooPartialImpl* m_impl; // smart ptr FooState m_state; bool m_bar; int m_baz; }; I always found this type of access level specification ugly and difficult to follow if the original programmer didn't organize his "access regions" neatly. Taking a look at the same snippet in a Java/C# style, we get: class Foo { public: Foo(); public: explicit Foo(const std::string&); public: ~Foo(); public: enum FooState { Idle, Busy, Unknown }; public: FooState GetState() const; public: bool GetBar() const; public: void SetBaz(int); private: struct FooPartialImpl; private: void HelperFunction1(); private: void HelperFunction2(); private: void HelperFunction3(); private: FooPartialImpl* m_impl; // smart ptr private: FooState m_state; private: bool m_bar; private: int m_baz; }; In my opinion, this is much easier to read in a header because the access specifier is right next to the target, and not a bunch of lines away. I found this especially true when working with header-only template code that wasn't separated into the usual "*.hpp/*.inl" pair. In that scenario, the size of the function implementations overpowered this small but important information. My question is simple and stems from the fact that I've never seen anyone else actively do this in their C++ code. Assuming that I don't have a "Class View" capable IDE, are there any obvious drawbacks to using this level of verbosity? Any other style recommendations are welcome!

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  • Javascript CSS visability.

    - by Alex
    It seems that javascript only can ready inline css if i want to check if element is display:hidden getting it with: el.style.display But how to check if display:none is placed inside external CSS file?

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  • Merging .NET assemblies on Windows Store / Phone 8 / Portable Class Library

    - by Gabriel S.
    Is there a way to embed multiple dependent assemblies into a single one for projects written on the following platform types: Windows Store Apps, Windows Phone 8, Portable Class Library? I know that for regular .Net projects there is ILMerge, but on the aforementioned project types it doesn't work. Embedding assemblies as resources and then manually resolving the references using AppDomain.CurrentDomain.AssemblyResolve is not possible either, since AppDomain is not available in these types of project.

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  • Css For Gridview paging

    - by arunendra
    Hi My question is, can I control the style of the paging element separately of top and bottom, I have set the paging to appear in both top and bottom of the gridview, and I want to see that the top pagination is little high up in the page, to do that I used the cssClass and set margin-top:20px and made the position: absolute, this does change the position of the top paging area and set it rightly for me, but the bottom pagination has also come up as a result and now sits inside the grid data!! Is there any way to solve this? Thanks and regards Arunendra

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  • Code formatting for initializing lists

    - by Roman
    I've just found in my java project this code snippet: List<IssueType> selectedIssueTypes = new ArrayList<IssueType>(); for (Object item : selectedItems) selectedIssueTypes.add((IssueType) item); How do you think, can this style be used?

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  • Review: Windows 8 - Initial Experience

    - by Tim Murphy
    I originally started this post when I had the Windows 8 preview setup on VirtualBox image.  I have since put the RTM bits on a Dell E6530 that is my new work laptop.  It isn’t a table so I am not getting the touch experience, but as a developer this makes the most sense for the moment. This is the first Windows OS that I have had to spend much time exploring to even get started.  The first thing I ran into was when I clicked on the desktop icon I was lost.  Where is the Start menu? Where are my programs?  How do I get back to the Metro environment?  I finally tried hitting the Windows button and it popped back out to the Metro screen. Once I got past that I found that the look of the Metro interface is clean and well organized.  It should be familiar to anyone who is already using a Zune or Windows Phone 7.  In the Desktop, aside from the lack of the Start button to bring up programs the desktop is just like the Windows 7 environment we are all used to.  I do have to say though that I don’t like popping out to the Metro screen to find program.  I think installers for programs like ones that developers usually work in for a desktop mode will need to give an option for creating a desktop icon and pinning to the task bar of the desktop. One of the things I do really enjoy is having live tiles in the Metro environment.  It is a nice way of feeding my need for constant information.  The one drawback though is that the task bar at the bottom of my screen used to be where I got this information without leaving what I was working on.  It allowed me to see current temperatures and when there were messages waiting.  I have since found that these still work as expected in the Desktop and Toast message keep you up on what is going on in the Metro apps. Thankfully familiar functionality like Alt-Tab and Windows-Tab still work regardless of if apps are in the Metro or the Desktop environment.  Add to this the ability to find any application on the Metro screen by simply typing and things get very comfortable. I also started exploring some of the apps.  If you want see a ton of stats on your team at a glance check out the Sports app.  What games are coming up? Who are the leaders in a number of stats?  The Weather and Finance apps have good features as well and I am sure they will improve as users supply feedback. I have had to install Visual Studio 2010 side-by-side with VS2012 because the Windows Phone 7 SDK would only install on VS2010.  This isn’t a Windows 8 issue per se, but something that you need to be aware of if you are a developer moving to the new ecosystem. The overall experience is a joy despite a few hiccups.  For anyone moving to Windows 8 in on a non-touch laptop or desktop I do suggest this list of keyboard shortcuts.  Enjoy. del.icio.us Tags: Windows 8,Win8,Metro,Review

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  • Silverlight 3 Dynamic DataGrid RowStyle Ignored

    - by antoinne85
    I subclassed the standard DataGrid into SpecialDataGrid so I could override the KeyDown/KeyUp events. Other than that SpecialDataGrid is exactly the same as DataGrid. At run-time I dynamically create a bunch of these SpecialDataGrids. When a user clicks a row in the grid it hightlights, which is fine, but when that grid loses focus, it leaves a residual gray highlight on the last-selected row, which is not fine. I've heavily edited the RowStyle and CellStyle I'm applying to these Grids to more-or-less remove all formatting. I even added a static SpecialDataGrid to the app with test data so I could see if the RowStyle was somehow incorrect, applying the same RowStyle and CellStyle that I'm applying to the dynamically generated one (you'll see it in the code below). What I saw was that the "test grid" showed up exactly as I wanted, and the real grid is ignoring part of the RowStyle! Has anyone run into this issue or have any ideas of how to correct it? Some source and images follow. Creating the SpecialDataGrid: //Set up a datagrid. SpecialDataGrid radio_datagrid = new SpecialDataGrid(); radio_datagrid.ItemsSource = radios; radio_datagrid.AutoGenerateColumns = false; radio_datagrid.HeadersVisibility = DataGridHeadersVisibility.None; radio_datagrid.BorderThickness = new Thickness(0); radio_datagrid.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Stretch; radio_datagrid.IsReadOnly = true; radio_datagrid.MouseLeftButtonUp += new MouseButtonEventHandler(option_datagrid_MouseLeftButtonUp); radio_datagrid.KeyDown += new KeyEventHandler(radio_datagrid_KeyDown); radio_datagrid.KeyUp += new KeyEventHandler(radio_datagrid_KeyUp); //Radio column. DataGridTemplateColumn temp_col = new DataGridTemplateColumn(); temp_col.CellTemplate = (DataTemplate)this.Resources["RadioColumnTemplate"]; temp_col.Width = new DataGridLength(20); radio_datagrid.Columns.Add(temp_col); //Description column. DataGridTextColumn txt_col = new DataGridTextColumn(); txt_col.Binding = new Binding("optionlabel"); txt_col.Width = new DataGridLength(350); radio_datagrid.Columns.Add(txt_col); //Product code column. txt_col = new DataGridTextColumn(); txt_col.Binding = new Binding("optioncode"); txt_col.Width = new DataGridLength(80); radio_datagrid.Columns.Add(txt_col); //Price column. txt_col = new DataGridTextColumn(); txt_col.Binding = new Binding("optionprice"); txt_col.Width = new DataGridLength(80); radio_datagrid.Columns.Add(txt_col); //View column. temp_col = new DataGridTemplateColumn(); temp_col.CellTemplate = (DataTemplate)this.Resources["HyperlinkButtonColumnTemplate"]; temp_col.Width = new DataGridLength(30); radio_datagrid.Columns.Add(temp_col); radio_datagrid.RowStyle = (Style)this.Resources["StyleDataGridRowNoAlternating"]; radio_datagrid.CellStyle = (Style)this.Resources["Style_DataGridCell_NoHighlight"]; Example Image: The lower DataGrid appears that way regardless of what you do to it. No highlighting of any sort and certainly no residual highlights. Any idea what's keeping this from being applied to the first?

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  • Developing Mobile Applications: Web, Native, or Hybrid?

    - by Michelle Kimihira
    Authors: Joe Huang, Senior Principal Product Manager, Oracle Mobile Application Development Framework  and Carlos Chang, Senior Principal Product Director The proliferation of mobile devices and platforms represents a game-changing technology shift on a number of levels. Companies must decide not only the best strategic use of mobile platforms, but also how to most efficiently implement them. Inevitably, this conversation devolves to the developers, who face the task of developing and supporting mobile applications—not a simple task in light of the number of devices and platforms. Essentially, developers can choose from the following three different application approaches, each with its own set of pros and cons. Native Applications: This refers to apps built for and installed on a specific platform, such as iOS or Android, using a platform-specific software development kit (SDK).  For example, apps for Apple’s iPhone and iPad are designed to run specifically on iOS and are written in Xcode/Objective-C. Android has its own variation of Java, Windows uses C#, and so on.  Native apps written for one platform cannot be deployed on another. Native apps offer fast performance and access to native-device services but require additional resources to develop and maintain each platform, which can be expensive and time consuming. Mobile Web Applications: Unlike native apps, mobile web apps are not installed on the device; rather, they are accessed via a Web browser.  These are server-side applications that render HTML, typically adjusting the design depending on the type of device making the request.  There are no program coding constraints for writing server-side apps—they can be written in Java, C, PHP, etc., it doesn’t matter.  Instead, the server detects what type of mobile browser is pinging the server and adjusts accordingly. For example, it can deliver fully JavaScript and CSS-enabled content to smartphone browsers, while downgrading gracefully to basic HTML for feature phone browsers. Mobile apps work across platforms, but are limited to what you can do through a browser and require Internet connectivity. For certain types of applications, these constraints may not be an issue. Oracle supports mobile web applications via ADF Faces (for tablets) and ADF Mobile browser (Trinidad) for smartphone and feature phones. Hybrid Applications: As the name implies, hybrid apps combine technologies from native and mobile Web apps to gain the benefits each. For example, these apps are installed on a device, like their pure native app counterparts, while the user interface (UI) is based on HTML5.  This UI runs locally within the native container, which usually leverages the device’s browser engine.  The advantage of using HTML5 is a consistent, cross-platform UI that works well on most devices.  Combining this with the native container, which is installed on-device, provides mobile users with access to local device services, such as camera, GPS, and local device storage.  Native apps may offer greater flexibility in integrating with device native services.  However, since hybrid applications already provide device integrations that typical enterprise applications need, this is typically less of an issue.  The new Oracle ADF Mobile release is an HTML5 and Java hybrid framework that targets mobile app development to iOS and Android from one code base. So, Which is the Best Approach? The short answer is – the best choice depends on the type of application you are developing.  For instance, animation-intensive apps such as games would favor native apps, while hybrid applications may be better suited for enterprise mobile apps because they provide multi-platform support. Just for starters, the following issues must be considered when choosing a development path. Application Complexity: How complex is the application? A quick app that accesses a database or Web service for some data to display?  You can keep it simple, and a mobile Web app may suffice. However, for a mobile/field worker type of applications that supports mission critical functionality, hybrid or native applications are typically needed. Richness of User Interactivity: What type of user experience is required for the application?  Mobile browser-based app that’s optimized for mobile UI may suffice for quick lookup or productivity type of applications.  However, hybrid/native application would typically be required to deliver highly interactive user experiences needed for field-worker type of applications.  For example, interactive BI charts/graphs, maps, voice/email integration, etc.  In the most extreme case like gaming applications, native applications may be necessary to deliver the highly animated and graphically intensive user experience. Performance: What type of performance is required by the application functionality?  For instance, for real-time look up of data over the network, mobile app performance depends on network latency and server infrastructure capabilities.  If consistent performance is required, data would typically need to be cached, which is supported on hybrid or native applications only. Connectivity and Availability: What sort of connectivity will your application require? Does the app require Web access all the time in order to always retrieve the latest data from the server? Or do the requirements dictate offline support? While native and hybrid apps can be built to operate offline, Web mobile apps require Web connectivity. Multi-platform Requirements: The terms “consumerization of IT” and BYOD (bring your own device) effectively mean that the line between the consumer and the enterprise devices have become blurred. Employees are bringing their personal mobile devices to work and are often expecting that they work in the corporate network and access back-office applications.  Even if companies restrict access to the big dogs: (iPad, iPhone, Android phones and tablets, possibly Windows Phone and tablets), trying to support each platform natively will require increasing resources and domain expertise with each new language/platform. And let’s not forget the maintenance costs, involved in upgrading new versions of each platform.   Where multi-platform support is needed, Web mobile or hybrid apps probably have the advantage. Going native, and trying to support multiple operating systems may be cost prohibitive with existing resources and developer skills. Device-Services Access:  If your app needs to access local device services, such as the camera, contacts app, accelerometer, etc., then your choices are limited to native or hybrid applications.   Fragmentation: Apple controls Apple iOS and the only concern is what version iOS is running on any given device.   Not so Android, which is open source. There are many, many versions and variants of Android running on different devices, which can be a nightmare for app developers trying to support different devices running different flavors of Android.  (Is it an Amazon Kindle Fire? a Samsung Galaxy?  A Barnes & Noble Nook?) This is a nightmare scenario for native apps—on the other hand, a mobile Web or hybrid app, when properly designed, can shield you from these complexities because they are based on common frameworks.  Resources: How many developers can you dedicate to building and supporting mobile application development?  What are their existing skills sets?  If you’re considering native application development due to the complexity of the application under development, factor the costs of becoming proficient on a each platform’s OS and programming language. Add another platform, and that’s another language, another SDK. On the other side of the equation, Web mobile or hybrid applications are simpler to make, and readily support more platforms, but there may be performance trade-offs. Conclusion This only scratches the surface. However, I hope to have suggested some food for thought in choosing your mobile development strategy.  Do your due diligence, search the Web, read up on mobile, talk to peers, attend events. The development team at Oracle is working hard on mobile technologies to help customers extend enterprise applications to mobile faster and effectively.  To learn more on what Oracle has to offer, check out the Oracle ADF Mobile (hybrid) and ADF Faces/ADF Mobile browser (Web Mobile) solutions from Oracle.   Additional Information Blog: ADF Blog Product Information on OTN: ADF Mobile Product Information on Oracle.com: Oracle Fusion Middleware Follow us on Twitter and Facebook Subscribe to our regular Fusion Middleware Newsletter

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  • how to create multiple pages in Xcode iphone apps

    - by al7r
    Hi there, i am starting my experience with iphone sdk. and i have a question, which is i am trying to create two pages to the app but i don't know how to link them or design them. like when i start the Xcode i find one page named View to design in it, i want to make that page a welcoming page then the user choose one of the three choices he see in that page. Once he clicked on one of them the program take him to the next page or the page he chose. thank you

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  • how to customize the listbox selected item style in silverlight 4

    - by Phani Kumar PV
    I am having a silverlight listbox in which a list item contains an image, its name and its price. the layout of the list item will be as follows: Under the image the image name will be shown, under the image name the price will be shown. Now the problem is when i select an list item all the three items(image, image name and its price ) are selected. this is the default behavior. Now the requirement is when i select a list item only the image should be selected. please let me know if there is a way to do this..

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  • Change/check minimum iPhone OS for Universal apps?

    - by Moshe
    The dropdown in XCode shows a base SDK of 3.2, but my iPod Touch (2nd generation), running OS 3.1.3, will run the app just fine in debug mode. (Command + Return/Enter) What is the actual base SDK of my iPhone/iPod touch version of the app and how can I change this? Changing it by right clicking on the project name in the "Groups and Files" pane and changing "Base SDK" under the "Build", doesn't do much. Edit: While writing this question, I found that scrolling down in "Build" and changing "iPhone OS Deployment Target" seems to be what I'm looking for, I'm posting this anyway. Perhaps someone has more insight into this...

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  • Custom Tabcontrol in silverlight 4

    - by Archie
    Hello, I'm trying to design a tab control which will have a tabs on left hane hand side, and will have a text displayed vertically besides it. And will have the Page displayed in the main tab control. For reference you can visit : http://www.nseindia.com/ and click on any tab in the main menu. How can it be designed? I have created a style in App.xaml since it would be applicable to all tabs. But I'm not sure how to get the control's name in the page I would be using. Thanks.

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