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  • are C functions declared in <c____> headers guaranteed to be in the global namespace as well as std?

    - by Evan Teran
    So this is something that I've always wondered but was never quite sure about. So it is strictly a matter of curiosity, not a real problem. As far as I understand, what you do something like #include <cstdlib> everything (except macros of course) are declared in the std:: namespace. Every implementation that I've ever seen does this by doing something like the following: #include <stdlib.h> namespace std { using ::abort; // etc.... } Which of course has the effect of things being in both the global namespace and std. Is this behavior guaranteed? Or is it possible that an implementation could put these things in std but not in the global namespace? The only way I can think of to do that would be to have your libstdc++ implement every c function itself placing them in std directly instead of just including the existing libc headers (because there is no mechanism to remove something from a namespace). Which is of course a lot of effort with little to no benefit. The essence of my question is, is the following program strictly conforming and guaranteed to work? #include <cstdio> int main() { ::printf("hello world\n"); } EDIT: The closest I've found is this (17.4.1.2p4): Except as noted in clauses 18 through 27, the contents of each header cname shall be the same as that of the corresponding header name.h, as specified in ISO/IEC 9899:1990 Programming Languages C (Clause 7), or ISO/IEC:1990 Programming Languages—C AMENDMENT 1: C Integrity, (Clause 7), as appropriate, as if by inclusion. In the C + + Standard Library, however, the declarations and definitions (except for names which are defined as macros in C) are within namespace scope (3.3.5) of the namespace std. which to be honest I could interpret either way. "the contents of each header cname shall be the same as that of the corresponding header name.h, as specified in ISO/IEC 9899:1990 Programming Languages C" tells me that they may be required in the global namespace, but "In the C + + Standard Library, however, the declarations and definitions (except for names which are defined as macros in C) are within namespace scope (3.3.5) of the namespace std." says they are in std (but doesn't specify any other scoped they are in).

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  • Using the system localizations on iPhone

    - by nevan
    I want to make a back button for a navigation controller with the title "Back" instead of the title of the previous controller. I'm using this code: UIBarButtonItem *backButton = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:NSLocalizedString(@"Back", @"Back") style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered target:nil action:nil]; self.navigationItem.backBarButtonItem = backButton; I'd like to be able to skip localizing the "Back" string in my app (since I can only localize it in a limited number of languages). If I give my navigation controller no title, the back button will be automatically localized into whatever the language the user has chosen, so the system has translations of "Back" in many languages. Is there a way to access the localizations that are already present in the system and use them myself? These are things like "Back", "Cancel", "Done" and so on, which show up when creating one of the standard system buttons.

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  • what do i need to do now that I want to take programming hobby to next level ?

    - by hohog
    i've always wanted to make games but did not start actively learning programming by myself until 1st year of university. i kept going throughout university learning new languages, showing off things i had made, while neglecting my major in Biology. Anyways, i've ended up with an Economics degree, with a portfolio of SaaS and web apps i had created so i could eat during my final year. So far, I'm getting a few interviews here and there in web programming positions. When I get a logic pretest, I fail miserably. or job requires comp sci degree. I mean I can easily design and code an entire app which I emphasize through my portfolio.... but i dont know why I am so slow at logic puzzles on prescreening interview... So what should I do now ? get certificates in languages ? go back to school and learn CS ? is it too late to get into windows programming jobs than web programming ?

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  • How to build website with two speaking language (Arabic and English)?

    - by Alex
    hi, I am beginner in web designing, I using CLASSIC ASP for web development. My client need his website in two languages (Arabic and English). What is the best way for develop website in multiple language? I read some information from website's :- Create website in two lanuages. for example (www.example.com/English/)and (www.example.com/Arabic/) 2.Use transilaters(Google,SpeakFish,etc..) for your default website. Anyone can help me for this which is the suitable way for develop website in multiple languages? Any reference or any links? hoping your help

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  • Good File Organization Suggestions for Developer

    - by Paul
    I am struggling a little with folder organization to organize the many projects that I work on. I work on OS X - right now I am using ~/Development/ as the root folder, and I have many types of projects. For example, I have my iPhone apps under ~/Development/Xcode I develop in many languages, from PHP, to Ruby, to Python, to Objective-C. So, for example, I might have a couple of open-source apps based on PHP where I am using the Zend framework. Some of these projects are for clients, others are tests/experiments when learning a new language or general experimenting. I am really interested in how other developers have organized code/projects and could pass along some advice to make it very easy to navigate through code/projects related to many languages and types of projects.

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  • Why Do Programmers Get So Invested in their Favorite Technologies?

    - by Pierreten
    I've noticed this culture surrounding Ruby where developers truly believe that they are somehow more gifted than developers of other languages, regardless of experience and talent (even when that isn't the case, I've met some extremely junior Ruby developers come up with some pretty basic constructs, and pass them off as some sort of revolutionary idea). The derision of strongly typed languages seems to be a common theme as well; regardless of its merits. Is there something particular to the Ruby syntax in general that is to account for this? Is there a sociological component to it?

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  • Why Are Ruby Programmers So Full of Themselves? [closed]

    - by Pierreten
    I've noticed this culture surrounding Ruby where developers truly believe that they are somehow more gifted than developers of other languages, regardless of experience and talent (even when that isn't the case, I've met some extremely junior Ruby developers come up with some pretty basic constructs, and pass them off as some sort of revolutionary idea). The derision of strongly typed languages seems to be a common theme as well; regardless of its merits. Is there something particular to the Ruby syntax in general that is to account for this? Is there a socialogical component to it?

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  • What is the benefits and drawbacks of using header files?

    - by vodkhang
    I had some experience on programming languages like Java, C#, Scala as well as some lower level programming language like C, C++, Objective - C. My observation is that low level languages separate out header files and implementation files while other higher level programming language never separate it out. They use some identifiers like public, private, protected to do the jobs of header files. I saw one benefit of using header file (in some book like Code Complete), they talk about that using header files, people can never look at our implementation file and it helps with encapsulation. A drawback is that it creates too many files for me. Sometimes, it looks like verbose. It is just my thought and I don't know if there are any other benefits and drawbacks that people ever see and work with header file This question may not relate directly to programming but I think that if I can understand better about programming to interface, design software.

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  • asp.net mvc dataannotation different table

    - by mazhar kaunain baig
    i have a lang table which is as a foreign key in the link table , The link can be in 3 languages meaning there will be 3 rows in the link table everytime i enter the record. i am using jquery tabs to enter the records in 3 languages . ok so what architecture i should follow for validation with datannotation attributes. i am using link to sql with 2010 vs. i will be creating link class with MetadataType so how will i handle for eg link name attribute 3 times.

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  • Alternates to C++ Reference/Pointer Syntax

    - by Jon Purdy
    What languages other than C and C++ have explicit reference and pointer type qualifiers? People seem to be easily confused by the right-to-left reading order of types, where char*& is "a reference to a pointer to a character", or a "character-pointer reference"; do any languages with explicit references make use of a left-to-right reading order, such as &*char/ref ptr char? I'm working on a little language project, and legibility is one of my key concerns. It seems to me that this is one of those questions to which it's easy for a person but hard for a search engine to provide an answer. Thanks in advance!

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  • Alternatives to C++ Reference/Pointer Syntax

    - by Jon Purdy
    What languages other than C and C++ have explicit reference and pointer type qualifiers? People seem to be easily confused by the right-to-left reading order of types, where char*& is "a reference to a pointer to a character", or a "character-pointer reference"; do any languages with explicit references make use of a left-to-right reading order, such as &*char/ref ptr char? I'm working on a little language project, and legibility is one of my key concerns. It seems to me that this is one of those questions to which it's easy for a person but hard for a search engine to provide an answer. Thanks in advance!

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  • Getting started with C++ ( the paradigm shift from Python )

    - by orokusaki
    I want to learn C++ so that i can develop C++ Python modules for server-related stuff. I'm a purely dynamic languages developer (Python, PHP, Ruby, etc). I want to learn a fast language, and if I'm going to do this, I'd rather learn a really fast language like C++. Before I even get started though, I understand that suddenly working with static types, a different syntax, and compiling code will be quite the paradigm shift. Is there any advice that a C++ dev who also has dynamic languages experience can give me to me to help me make that shift faster?

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  • PyPy: What is all the buzz about?

    - by sub
    Note: The title is provocating (to make you click on it and want to close-vote the question) and I don't want to look preoccupated. Since some time now I read and heard more and more about PyPy. It's like a linear graph. Why is PyPy so special? As far as I know implementations of dynamic languages written in the languages itself aren't such a rare thing, or am I not getting something? Some even people call PyPy "the future" [of python], or see some sort of deep potential in this implementation. What exactly is the meaning of this?

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  • Why is memory management so visible in Java?

    - by Emil
    I'm playing around with writing some simple Spring-based web apps and deploying them to Tomcat. Almost immediately, I run into the need to customize the Tomcat's JVM settings with -XX:MaxPermSize (and -Xmx and -Xms); without this, the server easily runs out of PermGen space. Why is this such an issue for Java compared to other garbage collected languages? Comparing counts of "tune X memory usage" for X in Java, Ruby, Perl and Python, shows that Java has easily an order of magnitude more hits in Google than the other languages combined.

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  • Load a model in a Codeigniter library

    - by ci
    Hello, people! I have this piece of code: class MY_Language extends CI_Language { function MY_Language() { parent::CI_Language(); $CI =& get_instance(); $CI->load->model('language_model'); $languages = $this->language_model->get_languages(); print_r($languages); } } But I keep getting "Fatal error: Call to undefined function get_instance() in C:\xampp\htdocs\application\libraries\MY_Language.php on line 44". Any ideas? Thanks in advance!

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  • Porting library from Java to Python

    - by Mike Griffith
    I'm about to port a smallish library from Java to Python and wanted some advice (smallish ~ a few thousand lines of code). I've studied the Java code a little, and noticed some design patterns that are common in both languages. However, there were definitely some Java-only idioms (singletons, etc) present that are generally not-well-received in Python-world. I know at least one tool (j2py) exists that will turn a .java file into a .py file by walking the AST. Some initial experimentation yielded less than favorable results. Should I even be considering using an automated tool to generate some code, or are the languages different enough that any tool would create enough re-work to have justified writing from scratch? If tools aren't the devil, are there any besides j2py that can at least handle same-project import management? I don't expect any tool to match 3rd party libraries from one language to a substitute in another.

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  • ASP.NET MVC DataAnnotations different tables. Can it be done?

    - by mazhar kaunain baig
    i have a language table which is as a foreign key in the link table , The link can be in 3 languages meaning there will be 3 rows in the link table every time i enter the record . i am using jQuery tabs to enter the records in 3 languages . OK so that thing is that there will be three text boxes for every field in the table.link name field will have 3 text boxes, description will have 3 text boxes and so on. i am using LINK to SQL with VS2010. i will be creating link class with MetadataType so how will i handle for eg link name attribute 3 times

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  • What motivates people to learn a new programming language?

    - by szabgab
    There are plenty of question asking Which Programming Language Should I Learn? but I have not found an answer yet to the question what really motivates people to learn a specific new language?. There are the people who think they should learn a new language every year for educational purpose. How do they decide on the languages to be learned? Then I guess there are people who learn a new language because people around them told it is a fun language and they can build nice things with it. Of course if the current job requires it people would learn a new language but I think if the language seems to have a potential to earn money (e.g. There are plenty of jobs in Java or ObjectiveC can be used to write apps for the iPhone and make money). So why are you learning a new language or why have you learned the languages you know?

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  • Does any language have a while-else flow structure?

    - by dotancohen
    Consider this flow structure which I happen to use often: if ( hasPosts() ) { while ( hasPosts() ) { displayNextPost(); } } else { displayNoPostsContent(); } Are there any programming languages which have an optional else clause for while, which is to be run if the while loop is never entered? Thus, the code above would become: while ( hasPosts() ) { displayNextPost(); } else { displayNoPostsContent(); } I find it interesting that many languages have the do-while construct (run the while code once before checking the condition) yet I have never seen while-else addressed. There is precedent for running an N block of code based on what was run in N-1 block, such as the try-catch construct. I wasn't sure whether to post here or on programmers.SE. If this question is more appropriate there, then please move it. Thanks.

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  • How to localize numerals?

    - by SoLoGHoST
    Ok, I'm using mathematical equations to output numbers, though, I need this to be compatible for all languages. Currently, all language strings are within a php array called $txt, and each key of the array gets called for that language. I'm outputting the following: Column 1, Column 2, Column 3, and so on, as well as Row 1, Row 2, Row 3, and so on. The calculations are done via php and javascript, so I'm wondering on the best approach for how to support all languages for the numbers only. I don't do the translations, someone else does, but I need to be able to point it to, either the php variable $txt of where the language is defined, or, since the calculations are done via javascript also, I need to somehow store this in there. I'm thinking of storing something like this: // This part goes in the php language file. $txt['0'] = '0'; $txt['1'] = '1'; $txt['2'] = '2'; $txt['2'] = '3'; $txt['4'] = '4'; $txt['5'] = '5'; $txt['6'] = '6'; $txt['7'] = '7'; $txt['8'] = '8'; $txt['9'] = '9'; // This part goes in the php file that needs to call the numbers. echo '<script> var numtxts = new Array(); numtxts[0] = \'', $txt['0'], '\'; numtxts[1] = \'', $txt['1'], '\'; numtxts[2] = \'', $txt['2'], '\'; numtxts[3] = \'', $txt['3'], '\'; numtxts[4] = \'', $txt['4'], '\'; numtxts[5] = \'', $txt['5'], '\'; numtxts[6] = \'', $txt['6'], '\'; numtxts[7] = \'', $txt['7'], '\'; numtxts[8] = \'', $txt['8'], '\'; numtxts[9] = \'', $txt['9'], '\'; </script>'; And than in the javascript function it could grab the correct string for each number like so: // Example Number String below. var numString = "10"; var transNum = ""; for(x=0;x<numString.length;x++) { var numChar = numString.charAt(x); transNum += numtxts[parseInt(numChar)]; } return transNum; The problem with this bit of code is that it groups the numbers, not sure if all languages do that, like the english language does...? Perhaps there's a better approach for this? Can anyone help please? Thanks :)

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