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• ASPNET WebAPI REST Guidance

  - by JoshReuben

  ASP.NET Web API is an ideal platform for building RESTful applications on the .NET Framework. While I may be more partial to NodeJS these days, there is no denying that WebAPI is a well engineered framework. What follows is my investigation of how to leverage WebAPI to construct a RESTful frontend API.   The Advantages of REST Methodology over SOAP Simpler API for CRUD ops Standardize Development methodology - consistent and intuitive Standards based à client interop Wide industry adoption, Ease of use à easy to add new devs Avoid service method signature blowout Smaller payloads than SOAP Stateless à no session data means multi-tenant scalability Cache-ability Testability   General RESTful API Design Overview · utilize HTTP Protocol - Usage of HTTP methods for CRUD, standard HTTP response codes, common HTTP headers and Mime Types · Resources are mapped to URLs, actions are mapped to verbs and the rest goes in the headers. · keep the API semantic, resource-centric – A RESTful, resource-oriented service exposes a URI for every piece of data the client might want to operate on. A REST-RPC Hybrid exposes a URI for every operation the client might perform: one URI to fetch a piece of data, a different URI to delete that same data. utilize Uri to specify CRUD op, version, language, output format: http://api.MyApp.com/{ver}/{lang}/{resource_type}/{resource_id}.{output_format}?{key&filters} · entity CRUD operations are matched to HTTP methods: · Create - POST / PUT · Read – GET - cacheable · Update – PUT · Delete - DELETE · Use Uris to represent a hierarchies - Resources in RESTful URLs are often chained · Statelessness allows for idempotency – apply an op multiple times without changing the result. POST is non-idempotent, the rest are idempotent (if DELETE flags records instead of deleting them). · Cache indication - Leverage HTTP headers to label cacheable content and indicate the permitted duration of cache · PUT vs POST - The client uses PUT when it determines which URI (Id key) the new resource should have. The client uses POST when the server determines they key. PUT takes a second param – the id. POST creates a new resource. The server assigns the URI for the new object and returns this URI as part of the response message. Note: The PUT method replaces the entire entity. That is, the client is expected to send a complete representation of the updated product. If you want to support partial updates, the PATCH method is preferred DELETE deletes a resource at a specified URI – typically takes an id param · Leverage Common HTTP Response Codes in response headers 200 OK: Success 201 Created - Used on POST request when creating a new resource. 304 Not Modified: no new data to return. 400 Bad Request: Invalid Request. 401 Unauthorized: Authentication. 403 Forbidden: Authorization 404 Not Found – entity does not exist. 406 Not Acceptable – bad params. 409 Conflict - For POST / PUT requests if the resource already exists. 500 Internal Server Error 503 Service Unavailable · Leverage uncommon HTTP Verbs to reduce payload sizes HEAD - retrieves just the resource meta-information. OPTIONS returns the actions supported for the specified resource. PATCH - partial modification of a resource. · When using PUT, POST or PATCH, send the data as a document in the body of the request. Don't use query parameters to alter state. · Utilize Headers for content negotiation, caching, authorization, throttling o Content Negotiation – choose representation (e.g. JSON or XML and version), language & compression. Signal via RequestHeader.Accept & ResponseHeader.Content-Type Accept: application/json;version=1.0 Accept-Language: en-US Accept-Charset: UTF-8 Accept-Encoding: gzip o Caching - ResponseHeader: Expires (absolute expiry time) or Cache-Control (relative expiry time) o Authorization - basic HTTP authentication uses the RequestHeader.Authorization to specify a base64 encoded string "username:password". can be used in combination with SSL/TLS (HTTPS) and leverage OAuth2 3rd party token-claims authorization. Authorization: Basic sQJlaTp5ZWFslylnaNZ= o Rate Limiting - Not currently part of HTTP so specify non-standard headers prefixed with X- in the ResponseHeader. X-RateLimit-Limit: 10000 X-RateLimit-Remaining: 9990 · HATEOAS Methodology - Hypermedia As The Engine Of Application State – leverage API as a state machine where resources are states and the transitions between states are links between resources and are included in their representation (hypermedia) – get API metadata signatures from the response Link header - in a truly REST based architecture any URL, except the initial URL, can be changed, even to other servers, without worrying about the client. · error responses - Do not just send back a 200 OK with every response. Response should consist of HTTP error status code (JQuery has automated support for this), A human readable message , A Link to a meaningful state transition , & the original data payload that was problematic. · the URIs will typically map to a server-side controller and a method name specified by the type of request method. Stuff all your calls into just four methods is not as crazy as it sounds. · Scoping - Path variables look like you’re traversing a hierarchy, and query variables look like you’re passing arguments into an algorithm · Mapping URIs to Controllers - have one controller for each resource is not a rule – can consolidate - route requests to the appropriate controller and action method · Keep URls Consistent - Sometimes it’s tempting to just shorten our URIs. not recommend this as this can cause confusion · Join Naming – for m-m entity relations there may be multiple hierarchy traversal paths · Routing – useful level of indirection for versioning, server backend mocking in development ASPNET WebAPI Considerations ASPNET WebAPI implements a lot (but not all) RESTful API design considerations as part of its infrastructure and via its coding convention. Overview When developing an API there are basically three main steps: 1. Plan out your URIs 2. Setup return values and response codes for your URIs 3. Implement a framework for your API.   Design · Leverage Models MVC folder · Repositories – support IoC for tests, abstraction · Create DTO classes – a level of indirection decouples & allows swap out · Self links can be generated using the UrlHelper · Use IQueryable to support projections across the wire · Models can support restful navigation properties – ICollection<T> · async mechanism for long running ops - return a response with a ticket – the client can then poll or be pushed the final result later. · Design for testability - Test using HttpClient , JQuery ( $.getJSON , $.each) , fiddler, browser debug. Leverage IDependencyResolver – IoC wrapper for mocking · Easy debugging - IE F12 developer tools: Network tab, Request Headers tab     Routing · HTTP request method is matched to the method name. (This rule applies only to GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE requests.) · {id}, if present, is matched to a method parameter named id. · Query parameters are matched to parameter names when possible · Done in config via Routes.MapHttpRoute – similar to MVC routing · Can alternatively: o decorate controller action methods with HttpDelete, HttpGet, HttpHead,HttpOptions, HttpPatch, HttpPost, or HttpPut., + the ActionAttribute o use AcceptVerbsAttribute to support other HTTP verbs: e.g. PATCH, HEAD o use NonActionAttribute to prevent a method from getting invoked as an action · route table Uris can support placeholders (via curly braces{}) – these can support default values and constraints, and optional values · The framework selects the first route in the route table that matches the URI. Response customization · Response code: By default, the Web API framework sets the response status code to 200 (OK). But according to the HTTP/1.1 protocol, when a POST request results in the creation of a resource, the server should reply with status 201 (Created). Non Get methods should return HttpResponseMessage · Location: When the server creates a resource, it should include the URI of the new resource in the Location header of the response. public HttpResponseMessage PostProduct(Product item) {     item = repository.Add(item);     var response = Request.CreateResponse<Product>(HttpStatusCode.Created, item);     string uri = Url.Link("DefaultApi", new { id = item.Id });     response.Headers.Location = new Uri(uri);     return response; } Validation · Decorate Models / DTOs with System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations properties RequiredAttribute, RangeAttribute. · Check payloads using ModelState.IsValid · Under posting – leave out values in JSON payload à JSON formatter assigns a default value. Use with RequiredAttribute · Over-posting - if model has RO properties à use DTO instead of model · Can hook into pipeline by deriving from ActionFilterAttribute & overriding OnActionExecuting Config · Done in App_Start folder > WebApiConfig.cs – static Register method: HttpConfiguration param: The HttpConfiguration object contains the following members. Member Description DependencyResolver Enables dependency injection for controllers. Filters Action filters – e.g. exception filters. Formatters Media-type formatters. by default contains JsonFormatter, XmlFormatter IncludeErrorDetailPolicy Specifies whether the server should include error details, such as exception messages and stack traces, in HTTP response messages. Initializer A function that performs final initialization of the HttpConfiguration. MessageHandlers HTTP message handlers - plug into pipeline ParameterBindingRules A collection of rules for binding parameters on controller actions. Properties A generic property bag. Routes The collection of routes. Services The collection of services. · Configure JsonFormatter for circular references to support links: PreserveReferencesHandling.Objects Documentation generation · create a help page for a web API, by using the ApiExplorer class. · The ApiExplorer class provides descriptive information about the APIs exposed by a web API as an ApiDescription collection · create the help page as an MVC view public ILookup<string, ApiDescription> GetApis()         {             return _explorer.ApiDescriptions.ToLookup(                 api => api.ActionDescriptor.ControllerDescriptor.ControllerName); · provide documentation for your APIs by implementing the IDocumentationProvider interface. Documentation strings can come from any source that you like – e.g. extract XML comments or define custom attributes to apply to the controller [ApiDoc("Gets a product by ID.")] [ApiParameterDoc("id", "The ID of the product.")] public HttpResponseMessage Get(int id) · GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Services – add the documentation Provider · To hide an API from the ApiExplorer, add the ApiExplorerSettingsAttribute Plugging into the Message Handler pipeline · Plug into request / response pipeline – derive from DelegatingHandler and override theSendAsync method – e.g. for logging error codes, adding a custom response header · Can be applied globally or to a specific route Exception Handling · Throw HttpResponseException on method failures – specify HttpStatusCode enum value – examine this enum, as its values map well to typical op problems · Exception filters – derive from ExceptionFilterAttribute & override OnException. Apply on Controller or action methods, or add to global HttpConfiguration.Filters collection · HttpError object provides a consistent way to return error information in the HttpResponseException response body. · For model validation, you can pass the model state to CreateErrorResponse, to include the validation errors in the response public HttpResponseMessage PostProduct(Product item) {     if (!ModelState.IsValid)     {         return Request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, ModelState); Cookie Management · Cookie header in request and Set-Cookie headers in a response - Collection of CookieState objects · Specify Expiry, max-age resp.Headers.AddCookies(new CookieHeaderValue[] { cookie }); Internet Media Types, formatters and serialization · Defaults to application/json · Request Accept header and response Content-Type header · determines how Web API serializes and deserializes the HTTP message body. There is built-in support for XML, JSON, and form-urlencoded data · customizable formatters can be inserted into the pipeline · POCO serialization is opt out via JsonIgnoreAttribute, or use DataMemberAttribute for optin · JSON serializer leverages NewtonSoft Json.NET · loosely structured JSON objects are serialzed as JObject which derives from Dynamic · to handle circular references in json: json.SerializerSettings.PreserveReferencesHandling =    PreserveReferencesHandling.All à {"$ref":"1"}. · To preserve object references in XML [DataContract(IsReference=true)] · Content negotiation Accept: Which media types are acceptable for the response, such as “application/json,” “application/xml,” or a custom media type such as "application/vnd.example+xml" Accept-Charset: Which character sets are acceptable, such as UTF-8 or ISO 8859-1. Accept-Encoding: Which content encodings are acceptable, such as gzip. Accept-Language: The preferred natural language, such as “en-us”. o Web API uses the Accept and Accept-Charset headers. (At this time, there is no built-in support for Accept-Encoding or Accept-Language.) · Controller methods can take JSON representations of DTOs as params – auto-deserialization · Typical JQuery GET request: function find() {     var id = $('#prodId').val();     $.getJSON("api/products/" + id,         function (data) {             var str = data.Name + ': $' + data.Price;             $('#product').text(str);         })     .fail(         function (jqXHR, textStatus, err) {             $('#product').text('Error: ' + err);         }); }            · Typical GET response: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: ASP.NET Development Server/10.0.0.0 Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2012 04:30:33 GMT X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319 Cache-Control: no-cache Pragma: no-cache Expires: -1 Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 Content-Length: 175 Connection: Close [{"Id":1,"Name":"TomatoSoup","Price":1.39,"ActualCost":0.99},{"Id":2,"Name":"Hammer", "Price":16.99,"ActualCost":10.00},{"Id":3,"Name":"Yo yo","Price":6.99,"ActualCost": 2.05}] True OData support · Leverage Query Options $filter, $orderby, $top and $skip to shape the results of controller actions annotated with the [Queryable]attribute. [Queryable]  public IQueryable<Supplier> GetSuppliers()  · Query: ~/Suppliers?$filter=Name eq ‘Microsoft’ · Applies the following selection filter on the server: GetSuppliers().Where(s => s.Name == “Microsoft”)  · Will pass the result to the formatter. · true support for the OData format is still limited - no support for creates, updates, deletes, $metadata and code generation etc · vnext: ability to configure how EditLinks, SelfLinks and Ids are generated Self Hosting no dependency on ASPNET or IIS: using (var server = new HttpSelfHostServer(config)) {     server.OpenAsync().Wait(); Tracing · tracability tools, metrics – e.g. send to nagios · use your choice of tracing/logging library, whether that is ETW,NLog, log4net, or simply System.Diagnostics.Trace. · To collect traces, implement the ITraceWriter interface public class SimpleTracer : ITraceWriter {     public void Trace(HttpRequestMessage request, string category, TraceLevel level,         Action<TraceRecord> traceAction)     {         TraceRecord rec = new TraceRecord(request, category, level);         traceAction(rec);         WriteTrace(rec); · register the service with config · programmatically trace – has helper extension methods: Configuration.Services.GetTraceWriter().Info( · Performance tracing - pipeline writes traces at the beginning and end of an operation - TraceRecord class includes aTimeStamp property, Kind property set to TraceKind.Begin / End Security · Roles class methods: RoleExists, AddUserToRole · WebSecurity class methods: UserExists, .CreateUserAndAccount · Request.IsAuthenticated · Leverage HTTP 401 (Unauthorized) response · [AuthorizeAttribute(Roles="Administrator")] – can be applied to Controller or its action methods · See section in WebApi document on "Claim-based-security for ASP.NET Web APIs using DotNetOpenAuth" – adapt this to STS.--> Web API Host exposes secured Web APIs which can only be accessed by presenting a valid token issued by the trusted issuer. http://zamd.net/2012/05/04/claim-based-security-for-asp-net-web-apis-using-dotnetopenauth/ · Use MVC membership provider infrastructure and add a DelegatingHandler child class to the WebAPI pipeline - http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11535075/asp-net-mvc-4-web-api-authentication-with-membership-provider - this will perform the login actions · Then use AuthorizeAttribute on controllers and methods for role mapping- http://sixgun.wordpress.com/2012/02/29/asp-net-web-api-basic-authentication/ · Alternate option here is to rely on MVC App : http://forums.asp.net/t/1831767.aspx/1

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• ASP.NET MVC validation problem

  - by ile

  ArticleRepostitory.cs: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using CMS.Model; using System.Web.Mvc; namespace CMS.Models { public class ArticleDisplay { public ArticleDisplay() { } public int CategoryID { set; get; } public string CategoryTitle { set; get; } public int ArticleID { set; get; } public string ArticleTitle { set; get; } public DateTime ArticleDate; public string ArticleContent { set; get; } } public class ArticleRepository { private DB db = new DB(); // // Query Methods public IQueryable<ArticleDisplay> FindAllArticles() { var result = from category in db.ArticleCategories join article in db.Articles on category.CategoryID equals article.CategoryID select new ArticleDisplay { CategoryID = category.CategoryID, CategoryTitle = category.Title, ArticleID = article.ArticleID, ArticleTitle = article.Title, ArticleDate = article.Date, ArticleContent = article.Content }; return result; } public IQueryable<ArticleDisplay> FindTodayArticles() { var result = from category in db.ArticleCategories join article in db.Articles on category.CategoryID equals article.CategoryID where article.Date == DateTime.Today select new ArticleDisplay { CategoryID = category.CategoryID, CategoryTitle = category.Title, ArticleID = article.ArticleID, ArticleTitle = article.Title, ArticleDate = article.Date, ArticleContent = article.Content }; return result; } public Article GetArticle(int id) { return db.Articles.SingleOrDefault(d => d.ArticleID == id); } public IQueryable<ArticleDisplay> DetailsArticle(int id) { var result = from category in db.ArticleCategories join article in db.Articles on category.CategoryID equals article.CategoryID where id == article.ArticleID select new ArticleDisplay { CategoryID = category.CategoryID, CategoryTitle = category.Title, ArticleID = article.ArticleID, ArticleTitle = article.Title, ArticleDate = article.Date, ArticleContent = article.Content }; return result; } // // Insert/Delete Methods public void Add(Article article) { db.Articles.InsertOnSubmit(article); } public void Delete(Article article) { db.Articles.DeleteOnSubmit(article); } // // Persistence public void Save() { db.SubmitChanges(); } } } ArticleController.cs: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Mvc; using System.Web.Mvc.Ajax; using CMS.Models; using CMS.Model; namespace CMS.Controllers { public class ArticleController : Controller { ArticleRepository articleRepository = new ArticleRepository(); ArticleCategoryRepository articleCategoryRepository = new ArticleCategoryRepository(); // // GET: /Article/ public ActionResult Index() { var allArticles = articleRepository.FindAllArticles().ToList(); return View(allArticles); } // // GET: /Article/Details/5 public ActionResult Details(int id) { var article = articleRepository.DetailsArticle(id).Single(); if (article == null) return View("NotFound"); return View(article); } // // GET: /Article/Create public ActionResult Create() { ViewData["categories"] = new SelectList ( articleCategoryRepository.FindAllCategories().ToList(), "CategoryId", "Title" ); Article article = new Article() { Date = DateTime.Now, CategoryID = 1 }; return View(article); } // // POST: /Article/Create [AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)] public ActionResult Create(Article article) { if (ModelState.IsValid) { try { // TODO: Add insert logic here articleRepository.Add(article); articleRepository.Save(); return RedirectToAction("Index"); } catch { return View(article); } } else { return View(article); } } // // GET: /Article/Edit/5 public ActionResult Edit(int id) { ViewData["categories"] = new SelectList ( articleCategoryRepository.FindAllCategories().ToList(), "CategoryId", "Title" ); var article = articleRepository.GetArticle(id); return View(article); } // // POST: /Article/Edit/5 [AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)] public ActionResult Edit(int id, FormCollection collection) { Article article = articleRepository.GetArticle(id); try { // TODO: Add update logic here UpdateModel(article, collection.ToValueProvider()); articleRepository.Save(); return RedirectToAction("Details", new { id = article.ArticleID }); } catch { return View(article); } } // // HTTP GET: /Article/Delete/1 public ActionResult Delete(int id) { Article article = articleRepository.GetArticle(id); if (article == null) return View("NotFound"); else return View(article); } // // HTTP POST: /Article/Delete/1 [AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)] public ActionResult Delete(int id, string confirmButton) { Article article = articleRepository.GetArticle(id); if (article == null) return View("NotFound"); articleRepository.Delete(article); articleRepository.Save(); return View("Deleted"); } } } View/Article/Create.aspx: <%@ Page Title="" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Site.Master" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<CMS.Model.Article>" %> <asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="TitleContent" runat="server"> Create </asp:Content> <asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent" runat="server"> <h2>Create</h2> <%= Html.ValidationSummary("Create was unsuccessful. Please correct the errors and try again.") %> <% using (Html.BeginForm()) {%> <fieldset> <legend>Fields</legend> <p> <label for="Title">Title:</label> <%= Html.TextBox("Title") %> <%= Html.ValidationMessage("Title", "*") %> </p> <p> <label for="Content">Content:</label> <%= Html.TextArea("Content", new { id = "Content" })%> <%= Html.ValidationMessage("Content", "*")%> </p> <p> <label for="Date">Date:</label> <%= Html.TextBox("Date") %> <%= Html.ValidationMessage("Date", "*") %> </p> <p> <label for="CategoryID">Category:</label> <%= Html.DropDownList("CategoryId", (IEnumerable<SelectListItem>)ViewData["categories"])%> </p> <p> <input type="submit" value="Create" /> </p> </fieldset> <% } %> <div> <%=Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index") %> </div> </asp:Content> If I remove DropDownList from .aspx file then validation (on date only because no other validation exists) works, but of course I can't create new article because one value is missing. If I leave dropdownlist and try to insert wrong date I get following error: System.InvalidOperationException: The ViewData item with the key 'CategoryId' is of type 'System.Int32' but needs to be of type 'IEnumerable'. If I enter correct date than the article is properly inserted. There's one other thing that's confusing me... For example, if I try manually add the categoyID: [AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)] public ActionResult Create(Article article) { if (ModelState.IsValid) { try { // TODO: Add insert logic here // Manually add category value article.CategoryID = 1; articleRepository.Add(article); articleRepository.Save(); return RedirectToAction("Index"); } catch { return View(article); } } else { return View(article); } } ..I also get the above error. There's one other thing I noticed. If I add partial class Article, when returning to articleRepository.cs I get error that 'Article' is an ambiguous reference between 'CMS.Models.Article' and 'CMS.Model.Article' Any thoughts on this one?

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• authentication problem with SQL when AD user deleted and recreated problem

  - by iyad jadaa

  I have deleted the user from AD and recreated it again with the same display name. Everything works except the SQL since it has a different SID. How can I fix it? I'm afraid to delete the SQL user since it will delete all its entries. Iyad Jadaa

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• sudo equivalent configuration on soalris10

  - by daedlus

  Hi , I am looking to configure on solaris10 to achieve the below: user=jon group=jtu jon is owner of /opt/app user=ken group=jtu ken is owner of /data on Linux I have added the below line %jtu ALL= NOPASSWD: /bin/*, /usr/bin/* so that jon is able to access /data/tmp and delete files. This doesn't work on solaris10 since there is no sudo by default. How to configure on solaris10 for jon to be able to delete files in /data/tmp? Thanks

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• sudo equivalent configuration on Solaris 10

  - by daedlus

  I am looking to configure on Solaris 10 to achieve the below: user=jon group=jtu jon is owner of /opt/app user=ken group=jtu ken is owner of /data On Linux I have added the below line %jtu ALL= NOPASSWD: /bin/*, /usr/bin/* so that jon is able to access /data/tmp and delete files. This doesn't work on solaris10 since there is no sudo by default. How do I configure Solaris 10 so jon can delete files in /data/tmp? Thanks

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• OS X: Finder error -36 when using SMB shares on a Samba server bound to AD

  - by Frenchie

  We're looking at deploying SMB homes on Debian (5.0.3) for our mac clients rather than purchasing four new Xserves. We've got our test servers built and functioning properly. Windows clients behave perfectly, but we've run into an issue with OS X (10.6.x and 10.5.x). We're going this route instead of Windows file servers due to a whole bunch of other issues that arise when going that way. Specifically, when mounting a SMB share with unix extensions switched on and the remote server bound to AD, the finder cannot save files on the share, instead touching the file and then bombing out with a -36 IO error, folder creation is fine. Copying files in the terminal behaves fine and the problem seems to be limited to the finder. The issue arises (I think) as the remote UID/GID is passed across when using unix extensions. OS X uses its own winbind idmap (odsam) to work out the effective UID/GID from AD users and groups whilst we're using a rid map on the server. Consequently, there is a mismatch in ownership which the finder chooses to honour. How OS X appears to handle this is to use the remote uid and gid at the file permission level (see below) and then set an OS X acl granting the local uid/gid to have the appropriate permissions on the file. I think the finder touches the file (which the kernel allows because of the ACL) and then checks the filesystem perms and drops out with the IO error. On a Client fc-003353-d:homes2 root# ls -led test/ drwx------+ 2 135978 100513 16384 Feb 3 15:14 test/ 0: user:jfrench allow list,add_file,search,delete,add_subdirectory,delete_child,readattr,writeattr,readextattr,writeextattr,readsecurity,writesecurity,chown,file_inherit,directory_inherit 1: group:ARTS\domain users allow 2: group:everyone allow 3: group:owner allow list,add_file,search,delete,add_subdirectory,delete_child,readattr,writeattr,readextattr,writeextattr,readsecurity,writesecurity,chown,file_inherit,directory_inherit,only_inherit 4: group:group allow list,add_file,search,delete,add_subdirectory,delete_child,readattr,writeattr,readextattr,writeextattr,readsecurity,writesecurity,chown,file_inherit,directory_inherit,only_inherit 5: group:everyone allow list,add_file,search,delete,add_subdirectory,delete_child,readattr,writeattr,readextattr,writeextattr,readsecurity,writesecurity,chown,file_inherit,directory_inherit,only_inherit We've tried the following without any luck: Setting the Linux side file owner to match the OS X GID/UID Adding ACLs on the linux filesystem which grant the OS X GID/UID perms Disabling extended attributes Setting steams=no in /etc/nsmb.conf on the client We're currently running a workaround which is to just turn off unix extensions which forces the macs to just mount the share as the local user with u=rwx perms. This works for most things but is causing a few apps that expect certain perms to break in subtle ways. Worst case scenario is that we'll continue running in this way but we would like to have the unix extensions on. Regards. Relevant SMB config below: [global] workgroup = ARTS realm = *snip* security = ADS password server = *snip* unix extensions = yes panic action = /usr/share/panic-action %d idmap backend = rid:ARTS=100000-10000000 idmap uid = 100000-10000000 idmap gid = 100000-10000000 winbind enum users = Yes winbind enum groups = Yes veto files = /lost+found/aquota.*/ hide files = /desktop.ini/$RECYCLE.BIN/.*/AppData/Library/ ea support = yes store dos attributes = yes map system = no map archive = no map readonly = no

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• RBAC configuration on solaris10

  - by scot

  Hi , I am looking for RBAC configuration on solaris10 to achieve the below: user=jon group=jtu jon is owner of /opt/app user=ken group=jtu ken is owner of /data on Linux I have added the below line %jtu ALL= NOPASSWD: /bin/*, /usr/bin/* so that jon is able to access /data/tmp and delete files. This doesn't work on solaris10 since there is no sudo by default. How to configure RBAC in solaris10 for jon to be able to delete files in /data/tmp? Thanks

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• What causes style corruption in MS Word?

  - by Phil.Wheeler

  I've had a few documents across my desk that appear to have a corrupted or recursive style for much of the body text: Char char char char char char Does anyone know what causes this and how to permanently delete this style? When I try to delete it, it disappears from the Styles and Formatting pane of Word, only to reappear later when different text is selected. Input or guidance much appreciated.

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• Windows 7 backup and restore: Is each backup incremental or complete?

  - by Margaret

  I have a computer that's been taking backups using Windows 7's Backup and Restore feature. However, I now need to reclaim hard disk space, and am trying to figure out what I can safely delete. When I go into the Backup and Restore options on the machine, it shows several backups. Is it safe to delete the older ones? Or is it an incremental backup, that means that files not changed since before the last backup would then be lost?

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• Windows SBS 2008 domain, Outlook 2010 calendar sharing / appointments not synced

  - by indeed005

  A user on this network reports not being able to delete appointments on Outlook 2010 calendars that are shared (not delegated) with other users in the domain. Specifically, the delete appears to work, but after 5 seconds or so the appointment re-appears. Permissions seem fine. Problem does not occur with other users because they do not share calendars. Is this behaviour intended (appointments re-appearing after they have been deleted)?

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• REST on *just* IIS7 (without a webframework)

  - by noblethrasher

  I want to upload files directly to IIS7 (in this case I am using the WebRequest object in .NET). Thus I need IIS7 to accept POST, PUT, and DELETE verbs such that I can upload and delete files on the server directly. Is it possible to have IIS accept files without a a web framework like ASP.NET? Essentially I want to be able to use IIS (HTTP) as an FTP server.

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• Using Export-Mailbox without including subfolders

  - by AspNyc

  I want to delete a certain group of messages from somebody's mailbox. I already have the basic Powershell command ready to go: Get-Mailbox -Identity jshmoe | Export-Mailbox -SubjectKeywords "VirusWarning" -IncludeFolders "\Inbox" -StartDate "02/24/2010" -DeleteContent The problem is that Joe Shmoe's "Inbox" is huge, and I know the messages I want to delete are only in the main Inbox folder. However, the above Powershell command appears to crawl all subfolders beneath "Inbox". Is there a way to tell it not to?

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• Mass Remove IP Subnet?

  - by Clear.Cache

  How do I mass delete IPs I no longer use on the server (secondary assignment, not prime subnet) For example I have a specific /27 I want to remove in one shot, instead of one IP at a time via whm delete IPs function I'm using Cpanel/WHM with Centos 5x

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• a hidden program (virus) send hundred e-mail - Can you have any experience on something similar ?

  - by Aristos

  In one tablet computer yesterday I make the usually automatic updates from ms. This tablet have comodo firewall, and and old nod32. After that I notice very soon, that something start sending hundred smtp e-mail the moment the tablet computer is connected to the internet. Also the previous t time I have make updates, some 'virus' gets on the computer but I find very easy and stop it from run. I find using the autostart from sysinternals, and the process explorer. This virus has also break the automatic update from ms, and lost a lot of time to fix it. This is my usually practice when some call me to delete a virus from xp, I use the process explorer and autostart to locate the program, and delete it from everywhere. How ever the last one is so hard to locate. 0.I delete everything from temp directorys and search for suspicious files everywhere, run the nod32, 1.I use the TCPView to see witch program sending the smpt (I see hundred open smpt connections sending emails) but the SMTP was opened by the main service program. 2. I use the process monitor to locate whats happens but find again the main service that do the job. 3.I start delete many thinks on process explorer, but did not found the one that send the emails 4.I open many times the autorun but did not find there also something suspicion, I stop some thinks, but nothing happends. 5.From the last time that I suspect that this virus come to my computer and I partial remove it, he has broke my windows update, to fix it I lost a lot of time, searching on Internet for the error - it was just a register to a dll. 6.From what I suspect something is trigger after the ms update. 7.For the moment I block the email ports, and try to find a way to locate it. I like to notice here that everything is genius - and I mean everything. I believe that this virus pass from a page, or from an e-mail that this computer receive it in the past. Any help or information are appreciate. If you know anything similar, if you know how this virus send emails and how can I locate it, if you know any anti-virus anti-spyware program that maybe can find it. If you know how a virus gets after the ms updates. Million thanks.

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• How to remap a MacBook keyboard to windows keys in bootcamp?

  - by Ken Pespisa

  I just discovered bootcamp and I'm psyched that I can run Windows 7 RC on the MacBook Pro without using a virtual machine. However the virtual machines run a bit better because they support remapping the MacBook's keyboard. Currently I can't find an equivalent of the delete key (it is Fn + Delete when running Windows via Fusion or Parallels, but it doesn't work on a bootcamp install of Windows) Has anyone come up with a clever workaround?

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• Mac OS X Lion 10.7.2 update breaks SSL

  - by mcandre

  Summary After updating from 10.7.1 to 10.7.2, neither Safari nor Google Chrome can load GMail. Spinning Beachballs all around. The problem isn't GMail; Firefox loads GMail just fine. The problem isn't limited to Safari or Google Chrome; Other applications also have trouble with SSL: Gilgamesh and Safari. Any program that uses WebKit (Google Chrome, Safari) or a Cocoa library (Gilgamesh) to access the Internet has trouble loading secure sites. The various forums online suggest a handful of fixes, none of which work. Analysis Fix #1: Open Keychain Access.app and delete the Unknown certificate. The 10.7.2 update also prevents Keychain Access from loading. The Keychain program itself Spinning Beachballs. Fix #2: Delete ~/Library/Keychains/login.keychain and /Library/Keychains/System.keychain. This temporarily resolves the issue, and lets you load secure sites, but a minute or two after rebooting or hibernating somehow magically undoes the fix, so you have to delete these files over and over. Fix #3: Delete ~/Library/Application\ Support/Mob* and /Library/Application\ Support/Mob*. There is a rumor that the new MobileMe/iCloud service ubd is causing the issue. This fix does not resolve the issue. Fix #4: Open Keychain Access, open the Preferences, and disable OCSP and CRL. This fix does not resolve the issue. Fix #5: Use the 10.7.0 - 10.7.2 combo installer, rather than the 10.7.1 - 10.7.2 installer. When I run the combo installer, it stays forever at the "Validating Packages..." screen. The combo installer itself is bugged to He||. I force-quit the installer, ran "sudo killall installd" to force-quit the background installer process, and reran the combo installer. Same problem: it stalls at "Validing Packages..." Recap The only fix that works is deleting the keychains, but you have to do this every time you reboot or wake from hibernate. There is some evidence that ubd continually corrupts the keychain files, but the suggested ubd fix of deleting ~/Library/Application\ Support/Mob* and /Library/Application\ Support/Mob* does not resolve this issue. Evidently, something is corrupting the keychain over and over and over. Also posted on the Apple Support Communities.

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• ubuntu gnome short cut keys

  - by benjipete

  Hi, I have done something quite silly and not sure how to fix it. I modified some of the gnome keyboard short cuts and was trying to disable the "Run Application" command. In the process I assigned it to the delete key and every time I hit delete the "Run Application" window comes up. It would not normally be a problem but the "Keyboard Shortcuts" no long has the short cut in the window so I can't disable it. Any help advice would be appreciated. Cheers Ben

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• voice recognition for command line interface?

  - by ajsie

  i wonder if there is a good software that will run commands with voice recognition? eg. if i say "delete temporary folder" it will delete that folder. if i say "find symfony folder" it will find folder named symfony. im running mac. thanks

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• Could I centralize batch files more efficiently?

  - by PeanutsMonkey

  I am new to the world of batch scripting so please forgive what may appear as basic questions. I am learning as I get assigned different jobs and I am a huge proponent of automation where possible. I have several batch files that perform several tasks. Each of these files had their paths hard-coded e.g. c:\temp. d:\data, etc in the batch file. Initially I moved these to a text file I could call from a batch file e.g. for /f "tokens=1,2 delims==" %%R in (config.txt) do ( if %%R==bdata set bdata=%%S if %%R==cdata set cdata=%%S ) The config.txt file contains these values bdata=c:\temp cdata=d:\data I realized that each time I would need to create a new variable, I would need to update the config.txt file as well the config.bat files. I decided I would move all the values to just the config.bat file as follows set bdata=c:\temp set cdata=d:\data I then updated each of the existing batch files to call the variables rather than the hard-coded paths. I also added the following lines of code to each batch file except config.bat. The only additional line added to the config.bat file is @echo off. @echo off setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion call config.bat I then have another batch file that centralizes calling all the batch files in sequence. The name of this batch file is start.bat. The reason I am using start /wait is because there have been instances of where the delete.bat runs before compress.bat has had an opportunity to finish. start /wait compress.bat start /wait validate.bat start /wait delete.bat Questions Is this the best way to centralize values and if not, what is a better way? Do I need to specify setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion in all the existing batch files? Do all the batch files have to have @echo off or is it sufficient for just the config.bat file? Is start /wait the best way to call multiple files? Can I pass values from one batch file to another using the said command? All the batch files have different functions e.g. move, delete, etc however use %%a or %%b. Is this okay? For example The validate.bat file has the code for %%a in (%bdata%\*.*) do if "%%~xa" == "" move /Y "%bdata%\%%~xa" "%bdata%\%done%" and the delete.bat file has the code for %%a in (%bdata%\*.*) do if "%%~xa" == ".txt" del "%%a"

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• Why do my Application Compatibility Toolkit Data Collectors fail to write to my ACT Log Share?

  - by Jay Michaud

  I am trying to get the Microsoft Application Compatibility Toolkit 5.6 (version 5.6.7320.0) to work, but I cannot get the Data Collectors to write to the ACT Log Share. The configuration is as follows. Machine: ACT-Server Domain: mydomain.example.com OS: Windows 7 Enterprise 64-bit Edition Windows Firewall configuration: File and Printer Sharing (SMB-In) is enabled for Public, Domain, and Private networks ACT Log Share: ACT Share permissions*: Group/user names Allow permissions --------------------------------------- Everyone Full Control Administrator Full Control Domain Admins Full Control Administrators Full Control ANONYMOUS LOGON Full Control Folder permissions*: Group/user name Allow permissions Apply to ------------------------------------------------- ANONYMOUS LOGON Read, write & execute This folder, subfolders, and files Domain Admins Full control This folder, subfolders, and files Everyone Read, write & execute This folder, subfolders, and files Administrators Full control This folder, subfolders, and files CREATOR OWNER Full control Subfolders and files SYSTEM Full control This folder, subfolders, and files INTERACTIVE Traverse folder / This folder, subfolders, and files execute file, List folder / read data, Read attributes, Read extended attributes, Create files / write data, Create folders / append data, Write attributes, Write extended attributes, Delete subfolders and files, Delete, Read permissions SERVICE (same as INTERACTIVE) BATCH (same as INTERACTIVE) *I am fully aware that these permissions are excessive, but that is beside the point of this question. Some of the clients running the Data Collector are domain members, but some are not. I am working under the assumption that this is a Windows file sharing permission issue or a network access policy issue, but of course, I could be wrong. It is my understanding that the Data Collector runs in the security context of the SYSTEM account, which for domain members appears on the network as MYDOMAIN\machineaccount. It is also my understanding from reading numerous pieces of documentation that setting the ANONYMOUS LOGON permissions as I have above should allow these computer accounts and non-domain-joined computers to access the share. To test connectivity, I set up the Windows XP Mode virtual machine (VM) on ACT-Server. In the VM, I opened a command prompt running as SYSTEM (using the old "at" command trick). I used this command prompt to run explorer.exe. In this Windows Explorer instance, I typed \ACT-Server\ACT into the address bar, and then I was prompted for logon credentials. The goal, though, was not to be prompted. I also used the "net use /delete" command in the command prompt window to delete connections to the ACT-Server\IPC$ share each time my connection attempt failed. I have made sure that the appropriate exceptions are Since ACT-Server is a domain member, the "Network access: Sharing and security model for local accounts" security policy is set to "Classic - local users authenticate as themselves". In spite of this, I still tried enabling the Guest account and adding permissions for it on the share to no effect. What am I missing here? How do I allow anonymous logons to a shared folder as a step toward getting my ACT Data Collectors to deposit their data correctly? Am I even on the right track, or is the issue elsewhere?

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• Using symbolic link in Windows XP

  - by Stan

  Junction is a good symbolic link tool in XP. However, it's not so easy to use at first moment, ie. only can use command line interface; move/rename target file/folder; got to use 'junction -d ' to delete link, don't allow delete in explore, but it's hard to distinguish if it's a symbolic link. Is there any guides for how to use junction in XP like what to do and not to do?

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• How to rename dir under Mac (10.6.4) via super user?

  - by user56990

  This is my dir list on my NFS: macbook-pro-andrey-k:Download Andrey$ ls 1289816143_PL_t1181913 1289816171_PL_t1183807 1290117075_BFD_DVD02(Drums) I can't delete "1290117075_BFD_DVD02(Drums)" using sudo rm -Rf 1290117075_BFD_DVD02(Drums) because I get error message -bash: syntax error near unexpected token `(' Hlp plz, how can I either rename the dir so that the error message would not show up or delete the dir right away omitting rename procedure? Thank you.

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• Deleting another user's diretories from my own

  - by kwatford

  I am a non-root user, and have made a directory into which other users in my group can write. The directory is setgid, so files and directories within it have the same group. I can delete files placed into this directory, but if a user creates a subdirectory with files in it, I can't seem to delete those. Is there something special I can do (other than, say, bothering the user in question or the sysadmin about it) to get rid of this subdirectory?

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• File copying software to do this kind of work... in Windows 7 32 bit

  - by Senthil

  I need a software (Windows 7 32bit) to help me in this process: I have my documents, music, video clips, movies, pictures in my hard disk. These will not be scattered around the system. But will be inside C:\Senthil\ At the end of every week, I want to plug in an external hard disk and run a software that should make sure whatever is inside C:\Senthil\ is also present in the external disk. Files deleted from C:\Senthil\ should be deleted there, and new files should be copied etc... at the end of the process, every bit inside the source folder in my internal disk should be inside my external disk. A couple of important requirements and points: I do NOT need multiple versions or historic versions. I don't need the previous versions of my files. I only want the latest copy to be present in my "backup". Incremental backup makes sense. If files were not touched since the last backup, it need not copy. The size of my folder will run into GBs and in a year or two will go into TBs. But I will make sure the size of the external HDD is equal to or bigger than my source folder. I do not want it to run automatically because when I accidentally delete a file in my source, it will delete the one in the backup (I know this is why we have versioning facilities). I just want to be able to run it manually so that I am in control of when the backup is made and what is backed up and I should be able to pick something from the backup and restore it to the source folder in the above situation. Is there any software that will let me do exactly this? I don't want any other "smart" facility of the software to interfere with this process. I know what I want and the software can keep its smartness to itself :D The main reason I am asking this question is, I am a software developer and I can write this software myself. But I am a little constrained by time at the moment and I want to know if there is an existing program that can do this. Kindly don't worry about earthquakes or fire or snowstorms and bring up the "in case of a natural disaster your backup will also be in the damage zone and will be lost" argument because: I will have bigger things to worry about than my holiday memories. I don't think I will digitally store any life-ruining documents. This backup is only to avoid the inconvenience of obtaining a new copy of stuff that I have. Not to protect them against the end of the world. I am more worried about power surges in my area frying my system, hard disk failure, children who merrily hit Delete or teens who hit Shift + Delete or myself getting a little careless at times! In short: Is there a file/folder syncing software that listens to what I say and doesn't try to act smart? Please forgive me if I sound arrogant :)

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• What the best way to recover from when your RAID H/W incorrectly thinks a disk is missing

  - by Software Monkey

  I have a Windows 7 system with an MSI motherboard (running the latest AMD BIOS) and two of my four disks (not the system boot disk) configured via the Mobo as RAID-1. After a normal system restart today, the RAID BIOS reports that one of the two drives has been disconnected or has failed. It's not really failed; via recovery tools I can verify that if I take the BIOS out of RAID mode. But I can find no way to re-add the second hard disk to the array and rebuild via the BIOS - the only option seems be to delete the array and recreate it, but I've done that once before and it blows away the disk. It's done this once before, however on a subsequent reboot after double-checking the drive cabling (but not changing anything) and it boot up fine. So I think the mobo RAID is a little bit flaky. At this point I would like to remove the RAID drivers, change to AHCI mode and switch over to using a Windows 7 dynamic mirror disk. But the RAID drivers seem somehow deeply bound into the Windows startup - I can't find anything like the good ol' safe-mode in Windows 7. If I boot from the Win 7 install disk in ACHI mode I can use recovery tools to log in to the Windows 7 installation, so the boot drive it seems fine with ACHI mode. Additionally, I can see all my other disks, run chkdsk on them and they seem to be fine. If I try to boot from the HDD in AHCI mode, it just reboots part way through, presumably because the RAID drivers load and conflict with the BIOS being set to AHCI. So: How do I strip the RAID drivers from my Win 7 installation? If I delete the RAID logical disk, will it really delete partitioning information, or is that just a poorly worded message when it says the data on the disk will be deleted? If I disconnect the 2 disks in a RAID array, then delete the logical disk array, and then reconnect and reboot still in RAID mode, will the disks simply revert to RAID single-disks like my other 2 and then maybe I can leave windows with RAID drivers by operate the disks as singles with 2 of them in a Windows dynamic disk mirrored setup? Does Windows 7 have anything like the Windows XP Repair Install, where it will reinstall the O/S binaries from CD, but leave apps and setup alone. I am really hoping I don't have to do a complete reinstall of Windows 7 - the last one, when I upgraded from XP, took me two days to get everything set up and installed.

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