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  • Free, Linux-based rescue CD for Windows machines

    - by Adam Matan
    Hi, Too often, I'm being called to help a friend who screwed a Windows machine by some creative methods. Th usual remedy is backing up the hard drive contents and reinstalling. Right now, this is done by removing the defected hard drive to my machine. I figured out that using a rescue disk running some version of Linux might ease the process. I'm looking for: NTFS access Partition tools Large variety of drivers (Network, Hard drives, etc.) GUI and some rescue wizards a great plus. Any ideas? Adam

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  • dd clone hard drive: Input/Output Error though "chkdsk" says OK

    - by unknown (google)
    Hi, I've used dd to clone hard drives before using 'dd' and a live cd, but have run into a problem. The issue: dd fails with an "Input/Output Error" on /dev/sda3 , even though windows "check disk" (chkdsk) says it's ok. Context: Trying to replace my laptop hard drive w/ a faster one of the same size Laptop has NTFS on a 320gb hard drive Booting into knoppix Knoppix recognizes 'original' drive (/dev/sda) I am using a usb connection for ‘new' drive (irrelevant, but just an fyi) Knoppix recognizes the usb drive as /dev/sdb Using dd, as follows: dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb "dd" gives the I/O error above at 82Gb (out of 320Gb) I then tried checking each partition as follows and found it failed on /dev/sda3: dd if=/dev/sda1 of=/dev/null dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/dev/null dd if=/dev/sda3 of=/dev/null I have ran windows xp chkdsk on the offending drive in both "find only" and "find and fix" mode and it reports no errors Question How can I find and fix the error on my original hard drive partition (i.e. /dev/sda3) so that dd reads it successfully?

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  • iSCSI RAID1 on two servers, fail scenario

    - by Franz Kafka
    Hallo, a simple question: Image I have two servers, each server has two disks in RAID1. Now I merge the two arrays with iSCSI to one RAID1 disk. Two questions: Can I do the merging of the 4 disks in one go? I can't image how. First I will have to install the os, and then the raid controller is already set up to RAID1. If a whole server fails the other server would continue working without any problems? Does iSCSI notice that the other server is missing and treet this as if the two disks were broken? When the server comes back online the data is resynced, as if I installed new disks into a array? Can I image that this way? Thanks alot.

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  • reducing Windows 7 size

    - by Sejanus
    My Windows 7 uses around 16 GB while Windows XP only around 4 GB hard disk space. Seems weird. I use Windows only for gaming so I dont need a lot of stuff they have to offer. What is the best way to reduce Windows 7 size? What can I delete / uninstall and how? Also I'd like reduce RAM and processor usage as much as possible (as long as it doesnt hurt game performance)... turn off all that fancy stuff and so on. What can I turn off and how? Thanks in advance!

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  • How to Mirror or Clone a Spanned Volume in Windows 2008

    - by Matt
    I have a spanned volume (3x6+ TB disks spanned to one 20+ TB volume) that I need to mirror or clone to a new 20+ TB (unspanned) volume. Once mirrored or cloned I'm going to destroy the original volume and reuse the storage elsewhere. Windows 2008 will not allow me to mirror it because the original is a spanned volume. I cannot simply copy the data, because there are sparse files on the volume. So the OS thinks there is 150+ TB used on the disk when there really is only around 18TB used physically. When I try to use the copy command it won't run because it thinks the destination volume needs to be 150+ TB to hold it all. A conundrum, but I figure someone here has the answer. Thanks, Matt

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  • perfmon reporting higher IOPs than possible?

    - by BlueToast
    We created a monitoring report for IOPs on performance counters using Disk reads/sec and Disk writes/sec on four servers (physical boxes, no virtualization) that have 4x 15k 146GB SAS drives in RAID10 per server, set to check and record data every 1 second, and logged for 24 hours before stopping reports. These are the results we got: Server1 Maximum disk reads/sec: 4249.437 Maximum disk writes/sec: 4178.946 Server2 Maximum disk reads/sec: 2550.140 Maximum disk writes/sec: 5177.821 Server3 Maximum disk reads/sec: 1903.300 Maximum disk writes/sec: 5299.036 Server4 Maximum disk reads/sec: 8453.572 Maximum disk writes/sec: 11584.653 The average disk reads and writes per second were generally low. I.e. for one particular server it was like average 33 writes/sec, but when monitoring in real-time it would often spike up to several hundreds and also sometimes into the thousands. Could someone explain to me why these numbers are significantly higher than theoretical calculations assuming each drive can do 180 IOPs? Additional details (RAID card): HP Smart Array P410i, Total cache size of 1GB, Write cache is disabled, Array accelerator cache ratio is 25% read and 75% write

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  • Encryption of external HDD -- accessible from windows without installation

    - by Rainer
    I would like to use encryption on my external HDD but I would like to be able to access the encrypted data from Windows as well. As suggested in other questions, TrueCrypt is one option here, or I am using momentarily encfs, which is not available for Windows. But my question goes further: I would like to be able to access the encrypted partition from Windows without installation as I will be using it from different Windows machines for which I have no administrator access. My main OS is Linux and I have full root access to that computer. Is there a full disk or file based encryption which I can use cross platform and which does not require installation under Windows? ADDITION: It seems that TrueCrypt provides a portable mode which fulfills my requirements partly: http://www.truecrypt.org/docs/?s=truecrypt-portable, but still the TrueCrypt driver needs to be installed by an administrator... pitty Thanks

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  • How to interpret IOZone results?

    - by homer5439
    Here are the resuts of running IOZone on an ext3 filesystem on an LVM volume residing on a SAN LUN (it was ran with 5 parallel processes). "Throughput report Y-axis is type of test X-axis is number of processes" "Record size = 4 Kbytes " "Output is in Kbytes/sec" " Initial write " 81628.55 " Rewrite " 83354.72 " Read " 115595.02 " Re-read " 119306.09 " Reverse Read " 47684.20 " Stride read " 10011.09 " Random read " 16751.27 " Mixed workload " 5659.77 " Random write " 1661.85 " Pwrite " 36030.83 Now this is all nice and dandy, but my question is: how do I know whether the values are as good as they could be or there is something to tweak (and if so, what?) The actual usage I will have for that Logical Volume is to act as virtual disk for a VM.

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  • Why am I seeing excessive disk activity when installing applications?

    - by Kev
    I'm running Windows 7 Ultimate 64 bit on a Dell Vostro 1720 with 8GB of RAM, 7200RPM Disk, 2.53 GHz Core2Duo (Windows 7 64 bit is a supported option and the laptop came with the OS pre-installed). I'm noticing some fairly excessive disk activity when running installers. For example the Visual Studio 2010 RC installer constantly accessed the disk for ~10 minutes. It was so excessive that I was unable to use the machine until this ceased. Today I installed Trillian Astra 4.1 for Windows (latest build from the website). Again when I ran the installer I was pretty much locked out of the machine until the disk activity calmed down. In both cases when I eventually managed to launch task manager I could see that the CPU was sitting at around 5% to 7% utilisation whilst this was going on. All other disk related activity is fine, the machine is snappy and applications launch without delay. It's just when I run an installer I see this odd behaviour. Why would this be?

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  • Is Software Raid1 Using mdadm with a Local Hard Disk and GNDB Possible?

    - by Travis
    I have multiple webservers which use many small files to created dynamic web pages. Caching the web pages isn't an option. The webserver also performs writes so I need a synchronous filesystem. I'm looking to maximise performance as it's my understanding that small files is the weakness (to varying degreess) of a cluster filesystem over ethernet. Currently I'm using Centos 5.5, 64 bit. Since it's only about 300MB of data, I'm looking at mdadm using RAID-1 with the GNBD and a local hard disk using the "--write-mostly" option so the reads are done using the local hard disk. Is this possible? If so, is there any advantage to making it a tmpfs disk instead of a local hard disk? Or will the files on the local hard disk just get cached in RAM anyway so I won't see a performance gain by using tmpfs, assuming there's enough RAM available?

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  • Average mail quota usage: tricks to implement unlimited email quota.

    - by Marco Demaio
    I suppose that hosters who provides unlimited mail quota are only claiming it unlimited, and hope that they won't run out of disk space. Correct me if I'm wrong. In order to do such trick they will have probably to calculate the average real quota used by the average user. Let's say on a 100 GB space hosting I offer to 20 x 1GB emails, obviously if all user fill their mail my server would stop working cause they would require 200 GB, but I think I can expect this trick to work cause it will never happen (or it's extermly unprobable) that all user fills up all their mails. But the QUESTTIONS are: What's the average email usage? Can we say that a user normally fills up 1/2 or 1/3 of the quota you provide him? Thanks to any answers/suggetions you might provide.

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  • How do I know if my disks are being hit with too many I/O reads or writes or both?

    - by Mark F
    I know a bit about disk I/O and bottlenecks relating to this especially when relating to databases. How do I really know what the max I/O numbers will be for my disks? What metric might be available to me for working out roughly (but needs to be a good approximation) of how much capacity (if you will) have I got left available in I/O. I've seen it before where things are bubbling along nicely and then all of a sudden, everything screams to a halt, and it ends up being an I/O bound problem. Is there a better way to predict when I/O is reaching its limits? This article was interesting but not giving the answer I desire. So, is my best bet surrounding just looking at 'CPU I/O WAIT'? There must be a more reactive method than this.

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  • Phantom Local Disks appearing in my drive list

    - by Paul
    I seem to have several phantom Local Disks mapped to different letters that are of 0 bytes in size. Strangely, they do not show up when I view my drives through Windows Explorer. But if I open an application such as ACDSee Pro or MS Word and then go to open a file I can see all these Local Disks mapped to different letters. This means when I plug in my external hard disk it ends up mapped to letter R instead of its usual G which messes up any programs I have pointing to it by default. How did they get there and more importantly, how do I get rid of them? I'm on a Window 7 Home Premium 32 bit machine.

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  • Is it normal for a SAS drive to have a few bad blocks, or should I replace my drive ASAP?

    - by Nate
    I have a drive—part of a RAID 1 mirror—that has two bad blocks. Adaptec Storage Manger e-mailed me when it detected the blocks. It shows 4 medium errors for that drive, but state is still “optimal”. This is my first time using Adaptec RAID controllers. I don’t know if an occasional bad block is normal, or if I should immediately replace that drive. Update: The drive failed later the same day! The disk subsystem is: Adaptec 6405 with ZMM (2) Seagate near-line SAS drives (ST31000424SS) The other drive hasn’t reported any bad blocks yet. I am running a consistency check.

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  • Is it dangerous to add/remove a hard-drive to a Windows machine which is in stand by?

    - by Adal
    Can I add a SATA drive to a Windows 7 machine which is in standby mode? The hardware supports hot-plug. Could pulling the drive out while in standby corrupt the data on the drive (unflushed caches, ...)? Does Windows flush before standing by? How about swapping a drive with another drive of different kind (SSD - mechanical disk) and size, also while in stand-by. Could the OS when waking up believe that the old drive is still there, and write to it and thus corrupt it, since the new one has different partitions and data?

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  • Xen find VBD id for physical disks

    - by Joe
    I'm starting a xen domU using xm create config.cfg. Within the config file are a number of physical block devices (LVs) which are added to the guest and can be accessed fine when it boots. However, at a point in the future I need to be able to hot unplug one of these disks using the xm block-detach command. This command, however, requires the vbd id of the device to be detached and I can't find a way to find the device id for a particular disk 'plugged in' at start up. Any help is much appreciated!

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  • How to clone & restore virtual box hard drive

    - by user23950
    What I want to do is to clone my virtual box hdd with dual boot os. Xp and Vista. I'm using acronis and back it up on a flash drive. And end up with the flash drive that is partitioned. 2 partitions just like the virtual box hard disk. What do I do to restore it. I'm running acronis inside virtual box. What do I do to make use of the backup and actually restore what I've back up. And to be able to boot to xp and vista again inside virtual box. Please help.

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  • Is it possible to put only the boot partition on a usb stick?

    - by Steve V.
    I've been looking at system encryption with ArchLinux and i think I have it pretty much figured out but I have a question about the /boot partition. Once the system is booted up is it possible to unmount the /boot partition and allow the system to continue to run? My thought was to install /boot to a USB stick since it can't be left encrypted and then boot from the USB stick which would boot up the encrypted hard disk. Then I can take the USB key out and just use the system as normal. The reason I want to do this is because if an attacker was able to get physical access to the machine they could modify the /boot partition with a keystroke logger and steal the key and if they already had a copy of the encrypted data they could just sit back and wait for the key. I guess I could come up with a system of verifying that the boot has been untouched at each startup. Has this been done before? Any guidance for implementing it on my own?

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  • Will UUID be the same if a disk moved from one machine to another?

    - by Sunry
    While in Linux every disk got a UUID. I just wondering will the UUID be the same if I moved the same disk from one Linux box to another? Is it the same UUID in different machines with the same disk? Or for a disk the UUID will change with attached machine? Also a similar question: Will the UUID be the same after Linux distribution reinstalled in the same machine with the same disk? For example: First is CentOS 5, then reinstalled it to CentOS 6.

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  • Windows always logs in to temporary profile (thinks it is in D while it is in C)

    - by asdf
    I have Windows on C: Disk 0 Partition 1 When I start it works fine until the login screen. When I log in, it starts to display "preparing your desktop.." and logs in to a temporary profile. I have to run explorer.exe manually then using task manager. If I execute %SystemRoot% it tells me that Windows could not find D:\Windows. (while Windows is in C:) I have no such drive as D then why Windows is thinking it is in D? I've tried this Bootmanager is missing but it did not work. Bootrec /ScanOS from Windows setup gives me Total identified Windows installations: 0 Also note that Windows Setup correctly thinks windows is installed on C but Windows itself thinks it is on D.

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  • Should I store my code/projects on my SSD or my secondary drive?

    - by user37467
    I just got a new box. It has an SSD for the primary drive, and a 1TB SATA for the secondary drive. I'm going to run windows and my binaries on the SSD and keep all my downloads/documents/music/etc on the secondary drive. My question is should I also keep my Visual Studio Projects and code on the SSD or keep them on the secondary drive? The faster SSD would presumably be better for compiling and indexed searches, but would it be better to keep it on the 2nd drive for a more parallel disk IO situation?

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  • swapon --all --verbose : 'read swap header failed: Invalid argument'

    - by user66088
    Recently ran through EnableHibernateWithEncryptedSwap and ran the following command: swapon --all --verbose and received: 'read swap header failed: Invalid argument' How do I fix this? Here's some more pertinent output... Output of sudo fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders, total 156301488 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00006d20 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 499711 248832 83 Linux /dev/sda2 501758 156301311 77899777 5 Extended /dev/sda5 501760 156301311 77899776 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--t10194-root: 75.5 GB, 75539415040 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9183 cylinders, total 147537920 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--t10194-root doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--t10194-swap_1: 4227 MB, 4227858432 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 514 cylinders, total 8257536 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x08040000 Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--t10194-swap_1 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/cryptswap1: 4225 MB, 4225761280 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 513 cylinders, total 8253440 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xd2236983 Disk /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 doesn't contain a valid partition table Thanks for any and ALL help!

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  • SQL Injection Protection for dynamic queries

    - by jbugeja
    The typical controls against SQL injection flaws are to use bind variables (cfqueryparam tag), validation of string data and to turn to stored procedures for the actual SQL layer. This is all fine and I agree, however what if the site is a legacy one and it features a lot of dynamic queries. Then, rewriting all the queries is a herculean task and it requires an extensive period of regression and performance testing. I was thinking of using a dynamic SQL filter and calling it prior to calling cfquery for the actual execution. I found one filter in CFLib.org (http://www.cflib.org/udf/sqlSafe): <cfscript> /** * Cleans string of potential sql injection. * * @param string String to modify. (Required) * @return Returns a string. * @author Bryan Murphy ([email protected]) * @version 1, May 26, 2005 */ function metaguardSQLSafe(string) { var sqlList = "-- ,'"; var replacementList = "#chr(38)##chr(35)##chr(52)##chr(53)##chr(59)##chr(38)##chr(35)##chr(52)##chr(53)##chr(59)# , #chr(38)##chr(35)##chr(51)##chr(57)##chr(59)#"; return trim(replaceList( string , sqlList , replacementList )); } </cfscript> This seems to be quite a simple filter and I would like to know if there are ways to improve it or to come up with a better solution?

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  • Wordpress dynamic navigation function for highlighting single post tabs

    - by user269959
    I am trying to write a function that i can reuse in my wordpress themes that will allow me to build robust dynamic navigation menus. Here is what i have so far: function tab_maker($page_name, $href, $tabname) { //opens <li> tag to allow active class to be inserted if tab is on proper page echo "<li"; //checks that we are on current page and highlights tab as active if so if(is_page($page_name)){ echo " class='current_page_item'>"; } //closes <li> tab if not active else { echo ">"; } //inserts the link as $href and the name of the tab to appear as $tabname then closes <li> echo "<a href=$href>$tabname</a>"; echo "</li>"; } This code works as expected except i cant enable it to highlight for a single blog post as the page names are dynamic. I know about the wordpress function is_single() which ive used to implement this feature in previous nav menus but i cant find a way to integrate it into this function. appreciate any help!

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  • popup with dynamic menuitems, each menuitem is another popup

    - by encryptor
    I am building an extension that has a pop up whose elements are constructed by a function call everytime the mouse hovers over the popup option. I am able to achieve this. Now I need to have a popup for each of the menu item (inside the original popup) which is not dynamic though. I have this code, but it does not work: for (var m=0; m < localpubliclist.length; m++) { var newItem = document.createElement("menu"); newItem.setAttribute("label", publicdisplayname[m]); newItem.setAttribute("id", "public" + m); myMenuPopup.appendChild(newItem); var newpopup = document.createElement("menupopup"); newpopup.setAttribute("id","publicpop" + m); newItem.appendChild(newpopup); var new1= document.createElement("menuitem"); new1.setAttribute("label", "Home"); new1.setAttribute("id", "publichome" + m); newpopup.appendChild(new1); } doing this forms the first popup where i can see all my menu with names publicdisplayname[m]. each of these is to be a popup which displays "Home". This does not work. the second popup (popup on publicdisplayname[m]) does not open. i have been stuck on this for quite some time and have tried various things cut it doesnt work. Can we do this at all? can we have double dynamic popups?

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