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  • New to building computers worried about temps

    - by dave
    I'm new to building my own computers and I was wondering about maximum temperatures. I understand that the room temp can affect the computers temp but how relevent is it? I understand that if my room temp is 20°C none of my computer parts could be lower than that. But if my room is 27°C instead of 20°C would this cause my computers parts to heat up more/faster? My new computer I built myself for gaming is i7 2600k 16gb ram ddr3 1600 hd6970 2 gb 240gb ssd ( bought a nas with 3 2tb drives in raid 5 for my home network ) 850w modular psu I also have my old hp computer i3 2120 8gb ram hd6770 1tb hdd I also have 3 laptops in my household, but I am not worried about their temps, they heat up my legs but they are never under stress. Due to size and money reasons I used an old case and it only has one of the sides left on it. Is this bad for the computer and will the extra dust cause problems? Or should I leave it this way or take the missus wrath and buy a case? If so is there any certain case I should get? I don't care about looks I just want card reader and usb slots and for it to run as cool or cooler than now, my case has 1 fan. Also what are the max temps for my new and old computer parts? Is 40°C under load ok for my CPU, what about 70°C for my GPU is that ok too, or should I worry? What are normal and safe temps for my components? I have looked around but there seem to be lots of different answers. I know that 100°C is bad but I want my parts to last as long as possible and this site always seems to give good replies without arguing or flaming.

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  • How do I increase the buffer size for domain sockets in OS X 10.6

    - by Chas. Owens
    In Linux I have no problem dumping tons of data into a domain socket, but the same code on OS X 10.6.2 blows up after about 65 records. The socket reader code looks like #!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use warnings; use IO::Socket; unlink "foo"; my $sock = IO::Socket::UNIX->new ( Local => 'foo', Type => SOCK_DGRAM, Timeout => 600, ) or die "Could not create socket: $!\n"; while (<$sock>) { chomp; print "[$_]\n"; } And the client code looks like #!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use warnings; use IO::Socket; my $sock = IO::Socket::UNIX->new ( Peer => 'foo', Type => SOCK_DGRAM, Timeout => 600, ) or die "Could not create socket: $!\n"; for my $i (1 .. 1_000_000) { print $sock "$i\n" or die $!; } close $sock; The error message I get is No buffer space available at write.pl line 15.. It seems fairly obvious that there is a difference in the buffer size between Linux and OS X, but I don't know how to set it OS X (or what the possible negative side effects might be).

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  • "could not find suitable fingerprints matched to available hardware" error

    - by Alex
    I have a thinkpad t61 with a UPEK fingerprint reader. I'm running ubuntu 9.10, with fprint installed. Everything works fine (I am able to swipe my fingerprint to authenticate any permission dialogues or "sudo" prompts successfully) except for actually logging onto my laptop when I boot up or end my session. I receive an error below the gnome login that says "Could not locate any suitable fingerprints matched to available hardware." What is causing this? here are the contents of /etc/pam.d/common-auth file # # /etc/pam.d/common-auth - authentication settings common to all services # # This file is included from other service-specific PAM config files, # and should contain a list of the authentication modules that define # the central authentication scheme for use on the system # (e.g., /etc/shadow, LDAP, Kerberos, etc.). The default is to use the # traditional Unix authentication mechanisms. # # As of pam 1.0.1-6, this file is managed by pam-auth-update by default. # To take advantage of this, it is recommended that you configure any # local modules either before or after the default block, and use # pam-auth-update to manage selection of other modules. See # pam-auth-update(8) for details. # here are the per-package modules (the "Primary" block) auth sufficient pam_fprint.so auth [success=1 default=ignore] pam_unix.so nullok_secure # here's the fallback if no module succeeds auth requisite pam_deny.so # prime the stack with a positive return value if there isn't one already; # this avoids us returning an error just because nothing sets a success code # since the modules above will each just jump around auth required pam_permit.so # and here are more per-package modules (the "Additional" block) auth optional pam_ecryptfs.so unwrap # end of pam-auth-update config #auth sufficient pam_fprint.so #auth required pam_unix.so nullok_secure

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  • Converting PDF eBooks into a Kindle format

    - by Ender
    Over the past couple of years I've amassed quite a collection of guides, tutorials and ebooks in PDF format. A lot of these are quite useful for work, especially PDF documentation, and rather than have to be at a computer every time I want to read how to do something in Sitecore or to read through a software testing ebook I'd like to do it on my brand-spanking-new Kindle. However, even though there is now a native PDF reader on the Kindle due to the nature of PDF's they are practically unreadable. The text doesn't wrap due to how PDF's are sized and so far after a bunch of Google searches I've yet to find a viable solution to get my PDF's converted into a readable Kindle format. Sometimes these books have code or pictures/tables in them, but most of the time they're text-heavy and to be honest I'd be surprised if there wasn't a free tool to handle the converting of PDF to one of the (seemingly many) Kindle formats. So, can anyone help me out with this? EDIT: I've tried Calibre, and have checked their forums to play with some of the advanced settings, yet the solutions available seem to be extremely poor, especially if the book you're attempting to read contains equations, code, or anything outside of plain text. I've also tried Amazon's conversion service, which wasn't much help with such documents. The best way I have found so far is to build the entire thing over again in ePub or RTF format and convert to MOBI from there. This works for text-heavy books with tables, but anything technical still isn't covered. Can anyone help with this?

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  • Disable Certain Firefox Plugins System-wide by Default

    - by Andrew Case
    I have firefox installed system-wide for all our users. Unfortunately the Adobe Reader Plug-in is rather flakey and doesn't work some of the time. As a result I want to disable the plug-in by default for all our users, but still allow them to enable it if they want via the standard Tools-Add-ons-Plug-ins menu option. How can I have this plug-ins enabled/disabled status be disabled by default? I've been able to configure system-wide configurations before by setting preferences in the mozilla root folder file defaults/pref/all.js, but enabled/disabled plugins doesn't appear to be configured in the preferences. [edit 1]: I found 'How to manage firefox plugins in pluginreg.dat file' which explained some of the formatting of the pluginreg.dat file. From there I could see flags are masked as follows (from nsPluginHostImpl.h): #define NS_PLUGIN_FLAG_ENABLED 0x0001 // is this plugin enabled? #define NS_PLUGIN_FLAG_OLDSCHOOL 0x0002 // is this a pre-xpcom plugin? #define NS_PLUGIN_FLAG_FROMCACHE 0x0004 // this plugintag info was loaded from cache #define NS_PLUGIN_FLAG_UNWANTED 0x0008 // this is an unwanted plugin #define NS_PLUGIN_FLAG_BLOCKLISTED 0x0010 // this is a blocklisted plugin But is there a way to add this to the defaults so that that NS_PLUGIN_FLAG_ENABLED is removed by default?

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  • Imagemagick convert creates monochrome output only

    - by rumtscho
    I have a book scan as a pdf. When I open it with Adobe Reader, it looks like grayscale. When I open it with IrfanView, it looks like grayscale, and the Information option tells me that the image is actually 24 bit (I don't know if this is the real bit depth of the image embedded in the pdf or if IrfanView assigns the maximal depth when opening a pdf as image). I want to OCR the scan with OmniPage SE. It doesn't read PDF, so I decided to use ImageMagick to convert the file to PNG first. But no matter what I try, the output is always monochrome and practically unreadable. I tried different conversion lines, with different depth, density and resize values, but it didn't help. What you see was made with the options convert testfile.pdf -density 600x600 -depth 8 PNG:testfile.png. Any idea what causes the problem? Edit: To make it clear, the output looks like this for any value of -density, -depth and -resize I have tried. It also looks like that when I use no options at all, as in convert testfile.pdf PNG:testfile.png.

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  • Print over remote CUPS server, but just show a subset of the printers.

    - by jdm
    I'd like to print from my Ubuntu laptop (karmic) to some networked printers. Our organisation uses a CUPS server with several hundred printers. What I know I can do is: CUPS_SERVER=printers.company.com acroread document.pdf and then Adobe Reader shows me all available printers to select from. However, it takes a couple of minutes to display the large list, which is really annoying. (The desktop PCs here suffer from this, too.) The other option is to add a new printer with an address like ipp://printers.company.com/printer/bldg1_hp8150 (to the Ubuntu printer configuration = local CUPS server). However, it asks me for a driver. I don't want to / can't always specify a driver, since some printers don't appear in the list. I'd like to let the remote CUPS server handle the driver part (like it does when i set CUPS_SERVER), and do no more preprocessing/"driver stuff" on my side. The ideal thing would be if I could somehow add the remote printer list to my local cups server, and apply a filter, so that it would just display printers a la bldg1_*. This feature was available in KDE3.?, but I can't find something similar in Ubuntu/Gnome. Any suggestions?

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  • need to bring back win 7

    - by user290513
    I like making music and playing games and occasionally do some Photoshop. I had a windows 8 computer but my mouse pointer always got stuck, so to try out something new I installed Ubuntu. here is how I installed it: Went to advanced statup options clicked on "use a device" after plugging in my bootable USB with Ubuntu replaced my windows 8 and installed Ubuntu 14.04 LTS I hope I did it correctly though. So after a few months I could've really find out a good Audio Production (not LMMS, because I use Stagelight) software nor something that could be familiar to the UI of Photoshop. So I decided to bring back Windows, but because of the bad experience of 8 I thought about bringing back win 7 So I used an app named WinUSB to make my bootable USB drive after formatting it to NTFS in GParted But when I go to my grub menu, my USB doesn't show up and my PC being a UEFI device. I don't know how to get to the bios of my device. Can somebody tell how to install Windows 7 completely and deleting Ubuntu or at least give me a link to a tutorial. I have a netbook: it is an Acer Aspire One 725. I'm fine with using commands in terminal and another thing that my laptop doesn't have a CD drive or reader, I can't put a CD inside

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  • Google 2-step verification: Should my phone know my password? [closed]

    - by Sir Code-A-Lot
    Hi, Just enabled 2-step verification for my Google account. I have installed Google Authenticator on my Android phone, and I set up an application specific password for the Google account associated on my phone. This works great when just using installed apps like Gmail, Calendar and Google Reader. But if I want to access Google Docs, Google Tasks or any other website that requires a Google login, I don't seem to be able to use a application specific password. I have to use my real password and then use Google Authenticator to make a code for the next step. This means if my phone is stolen, revoking the password to my phone is pointless. The phone have already been verified, and all that is needed is my password, which the phones browser will have remembered. I realize that I can take measures to ensure the phones browser doesn't remember my password, but that's just not convenient at all. Am I missing something, or is there no elegant solution to this? Should I just let my phone know my real password? As I see it, being able to login with application specific passwords on websites (which apparently isn't possible) is the only way I can revoke my phones access in a meaningful way.

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  • How does one debug Windows network share authentication?

    - by ajs410
    I have machine0 with 32-bit Vista, logged in as a domain user, running a VMWare image of 32-bit Vista, logged in as a local user, with the VM set to bridge the network. From an administrator account (called admin) within the VM, I try to access the hidden C$ share on machine0 (i.e. start - run - "\\machine0\C$\"). I get no prompts for credentials. Worse, machine0 has an admin account (different password), and machine0\admin gets locked out when VM\admin tries to access the network share. I get a message several seconds later, which feels like a cached credential failure leading to the lockout. I have checked several places for cached credentials; net use, Stored Usernames and Passwords, mapped shares. I rebooted (both machine0 and VM) to make sure the session was clear of any cached credentials. I can force net use to use my domain credentials when accessing machine0, and then I can see the share. I can also see shares that do not require credentials. I decided to try another machine on the network (machine1), 64-bit Vista, local user. This machine has no lockout policy, and after several seconds (feels like failed cached credentials again) it prompts me for credentials. After I enter them, it re-prompts me, saying "logon unsuccessful" (tried my domain credentials, and also machine1\admin's). Which is bogus, because I proceed to log on with remote desktop using the machine1\admin credentials. I have tried this on another machine (machine2, 64-bit Vista), running a copy of the same 32-bit VM, and I don't remember having this problem. machine0 has a fingerprint reader...could that try storing passwords and interfere? Are there any places I'm missing where there could be cached credentials? Is there a way to see what credentials are flying around when I try to connect?

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  • Why does the Mac OS X firewall dialog recurringly pop-up and disappear by itself (without letting me

    - by Chris W. Rea
    From time to time, I'll be on my Macbook using a program that accesses the network – whether Firefox, or Sony's Reader Library – really, it seems like it could happen with any program that accesses the network – and for no reason that I can discern so far (that is, it happens intermittently) the OS X firewall dialog pops up to ask me the question: Except it doesn't actually let me click anything before it disappears! That is: the dialog pops up, ... then goes away by itself a second later, then pops up again, ... then goes away by itself a second later, etc. It happens a few times before stopping. It wouldn't be so maddening to be interrupted if I could just be allowed to click "Allow" and make the darn thing go away for good. In Security preferences I have the firewall turned "On", and I would like to keep it that way. Has anybody seen this problem, found the source, and figured out a solution or workaround? Thank you.

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  • Security Token for Mac/Linux/Windows, self-managed, pref. open source?

    - by DevelopersDevelopersDevelopers
    I'm looking to buy an evaluation security token (combined smart card/usb reader) for my business that works on: Windows 7 x64 OS X 10.6.x x64 Ubuntu Linux (64 or 32 bit, 10.04 or 10.10, I can bend based on possible tokens) Functionality I need is: Login authentication Authentication for whole-disk encryption (in Linux/Windows, Mac is flexible here) Signing/encryption using PGP and x.509 certificates RSA-2048 key-capable (1024 not good enough.) I can manage the certificates myself Open source middleware/drivers (not necessarily FOSS, just source available. Can flex on this, I just want to be able to audit the code. OpenSC-compatible on Linux would be great.) Is there any token that can do all of this? Or would I need multiple ones to accomplish this? Or do I need to look at smart cards and readers to get this? I have been researching this for a while and have had a heck of a time even getting accurate information about products. Also, I am in the USA, and it appears that EU export laws prevent me from buying from there, so those vendors are out. I was looking at Feitian tokens from Gooze, but since they are in France I can't buy.

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  • Can't login after upgrading to Windows 8.1

    - by flatline
    This afternoon, I upgraded my work laptop from Windows 8 to Windows 8.1. I had previously had a local account, but after the upgrade, it prompted me to enter my windows account credentials, which I had set up beforehand at some point. I entered my password and clicked next, went through another screen or two, grew tired with the process, and clicked whatever the equivalent button to "skip this step" that I was presented with. Now I can't log in. Not with my (previous) local account password, and not with my windows account password. It's a Dell with biometric identification, which I had set up previously, so I put my finger on the reader and it complained that I couldn't use that fingerprint because I had changed my password. But, I hadn't wittingly changed my password at all. I assume that what happened is that, by entering my credentials, my local account was tied to the Windows account, but because I cancelled the process partway through, something went wrong and I cannot log in. A few questions: 1) How do I log in with my windows account credentials? Should LOCALMACHINENAME\username, which was my previous login method, still work for the Windows account? When I booted to safemode it prompted me with WindowsAccount\myemailaddress, which allowed me to login there, but the regular login doesn't accept the '@' symbol. 2) Is there any way to make that account local-only again? I can't find any way of doing it. 3) I managed to enable the local administrator account and get back into the box; failing all else, is there a quick way to migrate my old profile over to a new user?

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  • can't change wallpaper real time regedit commands

    - by itagomo
    i'm a first time 'SuperUser' poster .. what i want is to programatically change Desktop Wallpaper every few hours .. i'm using a batch file (.bat) and don't want to use other languages or programs, just the pre-installed stuffs with Windows XP .. i've already made my script that will modify values in the Registry reg add "HKCU\Control Panel\Desktop" /v Wallpaper /d "C:\Pictures\picture1.jpg" but it's not taking effect real time even with this command: RUNDLL32.EXE USER32.DLL,UpdatePerUserSystemParameters ,1 ,True need to reboot first to take effect. if i'm going to use Display Properties, it'll show at once. what i've noticed is that changes will take effect real time if it's a .bmp file and not for .jpg images. Second option is to convert JPG to 24-bit BMP files (to look exactly the same, but will triple the file size), but i'm hoping a better way .. i've already googled things but no avail.. i hope you (the helpful reader) can post any .bat or even vbs script to change Desktop Wallpaper instantly with JPG pictures .. hoping there's an answer without installing other apps or scripts ..

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  • System requirements for running windows 8 (basic office use) in virtualbox (ubuntu as host os)

    - by Tor Thommesen
    I want to run windows 8 as a guest os with virtualbox on some thinkpad (haven't bought one yet) running Ubuntu 12.04. Apart from virtualizing windows 8 (mostly just for use with the office suite app) my needs are very modest, I don't need much more than emacs and a browser. What I'd like to know is what kind of specs will be necessary to run windows 8 well as a vm, using the office apps. It would be a shame to waste money on overpowered hardware. Are there any official guidelines from oracle or windows on this? Would this lenovo x220, for example, be sufficiently strong? The specs below were taken from this review. Intel Core i5-2520M dual-core processor (2.5GHz, 3MB cache, 3.2GHz Turbo frequency) Windows 7 Professional (64-bit) 12.5-inch Premium HD (1366 x 768) LED Backlit Display (IPS) Intel Integrated HD Graphics 4GB DDR3 (1333MHz) 320GB Hitachi Travelstar hard drive (Z7K320) Intel Centrino Advanced-N 6205 (Taylor Peak) 2x2 AGN wireless card Intel 82579LM Gigabit Ethernet 720p High Definition webcam Fingerprint reader 6-cell battery (63Wh) and optional slice battery (65Wh) Dimensions: 12 (L) x 8.2 (W) x 0.5-1.5 (H) inches with 6-cell battery Weight: 3.5 pounds with 6-cell battery 4.875 pounds with 6-cell battery and optional external battery slice Price as configured: $1,299.00 (starting at $979.00)

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  • Retrieving Json Array

    - by Rahul Varma
    Hi, I am trying to retrieve the values from the following url: http://rentopoly.com/ajax.php?query=Bo. I want to get the values of all the suggestions to be displayed in a list view one by one. This is how i want to do... public class AlertsAdd { public ArrayList<JSONObject> retrieveJSONArray(String urlString) { String result = queryRESTurl(urlString); ArrayList<JSONObject> ALERTS = new ArrayList<JSONObject>(); if (result != null) { try { JSONObject json = new JSONObject(result); JSONArray alertsArray = json.getJSONArray("suggestions"); for (int a = 0; a < alertsArray.length(); a++) { JSONObject alertitem = alertsArray.getJSONObject(a); ALERTS.add(alertitem); } return ALERTS; } catch (JSONException e) { Log.e("JSON", "There was an error parsing the JSON", e); } } JSONObject myObject = new JSONObject(); try { myObject.put("suggestions",myObject.getJSONArray("suggestions")); ALERTS.add(myObject); } catch (JSONException e1) { Log.e("JSON", "There was an error creating the JSONObject", e1); } return ALERTS; } private String queryRESTurl(String url) { // URLConnection connection; HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(); HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(url); HttpResponse response; try { response = httpclient.execute(httpget); HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); if (entity != null) { InputStream instream = entity.getContent(); String result = convertStreamToString(instream); instream.close(); return result; } } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { Log.e("REST", "There was a protocol based error", e); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e("REST", "There was an IO Stream related error", e); } return null; } /** * To convert the InputStream to String we use the * BufferedReader.readLine() method. We iterate until the BufferedReader * return null which means there's no more data to read. Each line will * appended to a StringBuilder and returned as String. */ private String convertStreamToString(InputStream is) { BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is)); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); String line = null; try { while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { sb.append(line + "\n"); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { is.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return sb.toString(); } } Here's the adapter code... public class AlertsAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<JSONObject> { public AlertsAdapter(Activity activity, List<JSONObject> alerts) { super(activity, 0, alerts); } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { Activity activity = (Activity) getContext(); LayoutInflater inflater = activity.getLayoutInflater(); View rowView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.list_text, null); JSONObject imageAndText = getItem(position); TextView textView = (TextView) rowView.findViewById(R.id.last_build_stat); try { textView.setText((String)imageAndText.get("suggestions")); } catch (JSONException e) { textView.setText("JSON Exception"); } return rowView; } } Here's the logcat... 04-30 13:09:46.656: INFO/ActivityManager(584): Starting activity: Intent { act=android.intent.action.MAIN cat=[android.intent.category.LAUNCHER] flg=0x10000000 cmp=com.WorldToyota/.Alerts } 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): There was an error parsing the JSON 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): org.json.JSONException: JSONArray[0] is not a JSONObject. 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at org.json.JSONArray.getJSONObject(JSONArray.java:268) 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at com.WorldToyota.AlertsAdd.retrieveJSONArray(AlertsAdd.java:30) 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at com.WorldToyota.Alerts.onCreate(Alerts.java:20) 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1123) 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2364) 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2417) 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$2100(ActivityThread.java:116) 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1794) 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4203) 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:791) 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:549) 04-30 13:09:50.417: ERROR/JSON(924): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): There was an error creating the JSONObject 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): org.json.JSONException: JSONObject["suggestions"] not found. 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at org.json.JSONObject.get(JSONObject.java:287) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at org.json.JSONObject.getJSONArray(JSONObject.java:362) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at com.WorldToyota.AlertsAdd.retrieveJSONArray(AlertsAdd.java:41) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at com.WorldToyota.Alerts.onCreate(Alerts.java:20) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1123) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2364) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2417) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$2100(ActivityThread.java:116) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1794) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4203) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:791) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:549) 04-30 13:09:50.688: ERROR/JSON(924): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) Plz help me parsing this script and displaying the values in list format....

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  • Solving embarassingly parallel problems using Python multiprocessing

    - by gotgenes
    How does one use multiprocessing to tackle embarrassingly parallel problems? Embarassingly parallel problems typically consist of three basic parts: Read input data (from a file, database, tcp connection, etc.). Run calculations on the input data, where each calculation is independent of any other calculation. Write results of calculations (to a file, database, tcp connection, etc.). We can parallelize the program in two dimensions: Part 2 can run on multiple cores, since each calculation is independent; order of processing doesn't matter. Each part can run independently. Part 1 can place data on an input queue, part 2 can pull data off the input queue and put results onto an output queue, and part 3 can pull results off the output queue and write them out. This seems a most basic pattern in concurrent programming, but I am still lost in trying to solve it, so let's write a canonical example to illustrate how this is done using multiprocessing. Here is the example problem: Given a CSV file with rows of integers as input, compute their sums. Separate the problem into three parts, which can all run in parallel: Process the input file into raw data (lists/iterables of integers) Calculate the sums of the data, in parallel Output the sums Below is traditional, single-process bound Python program which solves these three tasks: #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- # basicsums.py """A program that reads integer values from a CSV file and writes out their sums to another CSV file. """ import csv import optparse import sys def make_cli_parser(): """Make the command line interface parser.""" usage = "\n\n".join(["python %prog INPUT_CSV OUTPUT_CSV", __doc__, """ ARGUMENTS: INPUT_CSV: an input CSV file with rows of numbers OUTPUT_CSV: an output file that will contain the sums\ """]) cli_parser = optparse.OptionParser(usage) return cli_parser def parse_input_csv(csvfile): """Parses the input CSV and yields tuples with the index of the row as the first element, and the integers of the row as the second element. The index is zero-index based. :Parameters: - `csvfile`: a `csv.reader` instance """ for i, row in enumerate(csvfile): row = [int(entry) for entry in row] yield i, row def sum_rows(rows): """Yields a tuple with the index of each input list of integers as the first element, and the sum of the list of integers as the second element. The index is zero-index based. :Parameters: - `rows`: an iterable of tuples, with the index of the original row as the first element, and a list of integers as the second element """ for i, row in rows: yield i, sum(row) def write_results(csvfile, results): """Writes a series of results to an outfile, where the first column is the index of the original row of data, and the second column is the result of the calculation. The index is zero-index based. :Parameters: - `csvfile`: a `csv.writer` instance to which to write results - `results`: an iterable of tuples, with the index (zero-based) of the original row as the first element, and the calculated result from that row as the second element """ for result_row in results: csvfile.writerow(result_row) def main(argv): cli_parser = make_cli_parser() opts, args = cli_parser.parse_args(argv) if len(args) != 2: cli_parser.error("Please provide an input file and output file.") infile = open(args[0]) in_csvfile = csv.reader(infile) outfile = open(args[1], 'w') out_csvfile = csv.writer(outfile) # gets an iterable of rows that's not yet evaluated input_rows = parse_input_csv(in_csvfile) # sends the rows iterable to sum_rows() for results iterable, but # still not evaluated result_rows = sum_rows(input_rows) # finally evaluation takes place as a chain in write_results() write_results(out_csvfile, result_rows) infile.close() outfile.close() if __name__ == '__main__': main(sys.argv[1:]) Let's take this program and rewrite it to use multiprocessing to parallelize the three parts outlined above. Below is a skeleton of this new, parallelized program, that needs to be fleshed out to address the parts in the comments: #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- # multiproc_sums.py """A program that reads integer values from a CSV file and writes out their sums to another CSV file, using multiple processes if desired. """ import csv import multiprocessing import optparse import sys NUM_PROCS = multiprocessing.cpu_count() def make_cli_parser(): """Make the command line interface parser.""" usage = "\n\n".join(["python %prog INPUT_CSV OUTPUT_CSV", __doc__, """ ARGUMENTS: INPUT_CSV: an input CSV file with rows of numbers OUTPUT_CSV: an output file that will contain the sums\ """]) cli_parser = optparse.OptionParser(usage) cli_parser.add_option('-n', '--numprocs', type='int', default=NUM_PROCS, help="Number of processes to launch [DEFAULT: %default]") return cli_parser def main(argv): cli_parser = make_cli_parser() opts, args = cli_parser.parse_args(argv) if len(args) != 2: cli_parser.error("Please provide an input file and output file.") infile = open(args[0]) in_csvfile = csv.reader(infile) outfile = open(args[1], 'w') out_csvfile = csv.writer(outfile) # Parse the input file and add the parsed data to a queue for # processing, possibly chunking to decrease communication between # processes. # Process the parsed data as soon as any (chunks) appear on the # queue, using as many processes as allotted by the user # (opts.numprocs); place results on a queue for output. # # Terminate processes when the parser stops putting data in the # input queue. # Write the results to disk as soon as they appear on the output # queue. # Ensure all child processes have terminated. # Clean up files. infile.close() outfile.close() if __name__ == '__main__': main(sys.argv[1:]) These pieces of code, as well as another piece of code that can generate example CSV files for testing purposes, can be found on github. I would appreciate any insight here as to how you concurrency gurus would approach this problem. Here are some questions I had when thinking about this problem. Bonus points for addressing any/all: Should I have child processes for reading in the data and placing it into the queue, or can the main process do this without blocking until all input is read? Likewise, should I have a child process for writing the results out from the processed queue, or can the main process do this without having to wait for all the results? Should I use a processes pool for the sum operations? If yes, what method do I call on the pool to get it to start processing the results coming into the input queue, without blocking the input and output processes, too? apply_async()? map_async()? imap()? imap_unordered()? Suppose we didn't need to siphon off the input and output queues as data entered them, but could wait until all input was parsed and all results were calculated (e.g., because we know all the input and output will fit in system memory). Should we change the algorithm in any way (e.g., not run any processes concurrently with I/O)?

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  • Asynchronous Webcrawling F#, something wrong ?

    - by jlezard
    Not quite sure if it is ok to do this but, my question is: Is there something wrong with my code ? It doesn't go as fast as I would like, and since I am using lots of async workflows maybe I am doing something wrong. The goal here is to build something that can crawl 20 000 pages in less than an hour. open System open System.Text open System.Net open System.IO open System.Text.RegularExpressions open System.Collections.Generic open System.ComponentModel open Microsoft.FSharp open System.Threading //This is the Parallel.Fs file type ComparableUri ( uri: string ) = inherit System.Uri( uri ) let elts (uri:System.Uri) = uri.Scheme, uri.Host, uri.Port, uri.Segments interface System.IComparable with member this.CompareTo( uri2 ) = compare (elts this) (elts(uri2 :?> ComparableUri)) override this.Equals(uri2) = compare this (uri2 :?> ComparableUri ) = 0 override this.GetHashCode() = 0 ///////////////////////////////////////////////Funtions to retreive html string////////////////////////////// let mutable error = Set.empty<ComparableUri> let mutable visited = Set.empty<ComparableUri> let getHtmlPrimitiveAsyncDelay (delay:int) (uri : ComparableUri) = async{ try let req = (WebRequest.Create(uri)) :?> HttpWebRequest // 'use' is equivalent to ‘using’ in C# for an IDisposable req.UserAgent<-"Mozilla" //Console.WriteLine("Waiting") do! Async.Sleep(delay * 250) let! resp = (req.AsyncGetResponse()) Console.WriteLine(uri.AbsoluteUri+" got response after delay "+string delay) use stream = resp.GetResponseStream() use reader = new StreamReader(stream) let html = reader.ReadToEnd() return html with | _ as ex -> Console.WriteLine( ex.ToString() ) lock error (fun () -> error<- error.Add uri ) lock visited (fun () -> visited<-visited.Add uri ) return "BadUri" } ///////////////////////////////////////////////Active Pattern Matching to retreive href////////////////////////////// let (|Matches|_|) (pat:string) (inp:string) = let m = Regex.Matches(inp, pat) // Note the List.tl, since the first group is always the entirety of the matched string. if m.Count > 0 then Some (List.tail [ for g in m -> g.Value ]) else None let (|Match|_|) (pat:string) (inp:string) = let m = Regex.Match(inp, pat) // Note the List.tl, since the first group is always the entirety of the matched string. if m.Success then Some (List.tail [ for g in m.Groups -> g.Value ]) else None ///////////////////////////////////////////////Find Bad href////////////////////////////// let isEmail (link:string) = link.Contains("@") let isMailto (link:string) = if Seq.length link >=6 then link.[0..5] = "mailto" else false let isJavascript (link:string) = if Seq.length link >=10 then link.[0..9] = "javascript" else false let isBadUri (link:string) = link="BadUri" let isEmptyHttp (link:string) = link="http://" let isFile (link:string)= if Seq.length link >=6 then link.[0..5] = "file:/" else false let containsPipe (link:string) = link.Contains("|") let isAdLink (link:string) = if Seq.length link >=6 then link.[0..5] = "adlink" elif Seq.length link >=9 then link.[0..8] = "http://adLink" else false ///////////////////////////////////////////////Find Bad href////////////////////////////// let getHref (htmlString:string) = let urlPat = "href=\"([^\"]+)" match htmlString with | Matches urlPat urls -> urls |> List.map( fun href -> match href with | Match (urlPat) (link::[]) -> link | _ -> failwith "The href was not in correct format, there was more than one match" ) | _ -> Console.WriteLine( "No links for this page" );[] |> List.filter( fun link -> not(isEmail link) ) |> List.filter( fun link -> not(isMailto link) ) |> List.filter( fun link -> not(isJavascript link) ) |> List.filter( fun link -> not(isBadUri link) ) |> List.filter( fun link -> not(isEmptyHttp link) ) |> List.filter( fun link -> not(isFile link) ) |> List.filter( fun link -> not(containsPipe link) ) |> List.filter( fun link -> not(isAdLink link) ) let treatAjax (href:System.Uri) = let link = href.ToString() let firstPart = (link.Split([|"#"|],System.StringSplitOptions.None)).[0] new Uri(firstPart) //only follow pages with certain extnsion or ones with no exensions let followHref (href:System.Uri) = let valid2 = set[".py"] let valid3 = set[".php";".htm";".asp"] let valid4 = set[".php3";".php4";".php5";".html";".aspx"] let arrLength = href.Segments |> Array.length let lastExtension = (href.Segments).[arrLength-1] let lengthLastExtension = Seq.length lastExtension if (lengthLastExtension <= 3) then not( lastExtension.Contains(".") ) else //test for the 2 case let last4 = lastExtension.[(lengthLastExtension-1)-3..(lengthLastExtension-1)] let isValid2 = valid2|>Seq.exists(fun validEnd -> last4.EndsWith( validEnd) ) if isValid2 then true else if lengthLastExtension <= 4 then not( last4.Contains(".") ) else let last5 = lastExtension.[(lengthLastExtension-1)-4..(lengthLastExtension-1)] let isValid3 = valid3|>Seq.exists(fun validEnd -> last5.EndsWith( validEnd) ) if isValid3 then true else if lengthLastExtension <= 5 then not( last5.Contains(".") ) else let last6 = lastExtension.[(lengthLastExtension-1)-5..(lengthLastExtension-1)] let isValid4 = valid4|>Seq.exists(fun validEnd -> last6.EndsWith( validEnd) ) if isValid4 then true else not( last6.Contains(".") ) && not(lastExtension.[0..5] = "mailto") //Create the correct links / -> add the homepage , make them a comparabel Uri let hrefLinksToUri ( uri:ComparableUri ) (hrefLinks:string list) = hrefLinks |> List.map( fun link -> try if Seq.length link <4 then Some(new Uri( uri, link )) else if link.[0..3] = "http" then Some(new Uri(link)) else Some(new Uri( uri, link )) with | _ as ex -> Console.WriteLine(link); lock error (fun () ->error<-error.Add uri) None ) |> List.filter( fun link -> link.IsSome ) |> List.map( fun o -> o.Value) |> List.map( fun uri -> new ComparableUri( string uri ) ) //Treat uri , removing ajax last part , and only following links specified b Benoit let linksToFollow (hrefUris:ComparableUri list) = hrefUris |>List.map( treatAjax ) |>List.filter( fun link -> followHref link ) |>List.map( fun uri -> new ComparableUri( string uri ) ) |>Set.ofList let needToVisit uri = ( lock visited (fun () -> not( visited.Contains uri) ) ) && (lock error (fun () -> not( error.Contains uri) )) let getLinksToFollowAsyncDelay (delay:int) ( uri: ComparableUri ) = async{ let! links = getHtmlPrimitiveAsyncDelay delay uri lock visited (fun () ->visited<-visited.Add uri) let linksToFollow = getHref links |> hrefLinksToUri uri |> linksToFollow |> Set.filter( needToVisit ) |> Set.map( fun link -> if uri.Authority=link.Authority then link else link ) return linksToFollow } //Add delays if visitng same authority let getDelay(uri:ComparableUri) (authorityDelay:Dictionary<string,int>) = let uriAuthority = uri.Authority let hasAuthority,delay = authorityDelay.TryGetValue(uriAuthority) if hasAuthority then authorityDelay.[uriAuthority] <-delay+1 delay else authorityDelay.Add(uriAuthority,1) 0 let rec getLinksToFollowFromSetAsync maxIteration ( uris: seq<ComparableUri> ) = let authorityDelay = Dictionary<string,int>() if maxIteration = 100 then Console.WriteLine("Finished") else //Unite by authority add delay for those we same authority others ignore let stopwatch= System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch() stopwatch.Start() let newLinks = uris |> Seq.map( fun uri -> let delay = lock authorityDelay (fun () -> getDelay uri authorityDelay ) getLinksToFollowAsyncDelay delay uri ) |> Async.Parallel |> Async.RunSynchronously |> Seq.concat stopwatch.Stop() Console.WriteLine("\n\n\n\n\n\n\nTimeElapse : "+string stopwatch.Elapsed+"\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n") getLinksToFollowFromSetAsync (maxIteration+1) newLinks getLinksToFollowFromSetAsync 0 (seq[ComparableUri( "http://twitter.com/" )]) Console.WriteLine("Finished") Some feedBack would be great ! Thank you (note this is just something I am doing for fun)

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  • C# acting weird when reading in values from a file to an array

    - by Whitey
    This is the structure of my file: 1111111111111111111111111 2222222222222222222222222 3333333333333333333333333 4444444444444444444444444 5555555555555555555555555 6666666666666666666666666 7777777777777777777777777 8888888888888888888888888 9999999999999999999999999 0000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000 And this is the code I'm using to read it into an array: using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(mapPath)) { string line; for (int i = 0; i < iMapHeight; i++) { if ((line = reader.ReadLine()) != null) { for (int j = 0; j < iMapWidth; j++) { iMap[i, j] = line[j]; } } } } I have done some debugging, and line[j] correctly iterates through each character in the currently read line. The problem lies with iMap[i, j]. After this block of code executes, this is the contents of iMap: - iMap {int[14, 25]} int[,] [0, 0] 49 int [0, 1] 49 int [0, 2] 49 int [0, 3] 49 int [0, 4] 49 int [0, 5] 49 int [0, 6] 49 int [0, 7] 49 int [0, 8] 49 int [0, 9] 49 int [0, 10] 49 int [0, 11] 49 int [0, 12] 49 int [0, 13] 49 int [0, 14] 49 int [0, 15] 49 int [0, 16] 49 int [0, 17] 49 int [0, 18] 49 int [0, 19] 49 int [0, 20] 49 int [0, 21] 49 int [0, 22] 49 int [0, 23] 49 int [0, 24] 49 int [1, 0] 50 int [1, 1] 50 int [1, 2] 50 int [1, 3] 50 int [1, 4] 50 int [1, 5] 50 int [1, 6] 50 int [1, 7] 50 int [1, 8] 50 int [1, 9] 50 int [1, 10] 50 int [1, 11] 50 int [1, 12] 50 int [1, 13] 50 int [1, 14] 50 int [1, 15] 50 int [1, 16] 50 int [1, 17] 50 int [1, 18] 50 int [1, 19] 50 int [1, 20] 50 int [1, 21] 50 int [1, 22] 50 int [1, 23] 50 int [1, 24] 50 int [2, 0] 51 int [2, 1] 51 int [2, 2] 51 int [2, 3] 51 int [2, 4] 51 int [2, 5] 51 int [2, 6] 51 int [2, 7] 51 int [2, 8] 51 int [2, 9] 51 int [2, 10] 51 int [2, 11] 51 int [2, 12] 51 int [2, 13] 51 int [2, 14] 51 int [2, 15] 51 int [2, 16] 51 int [2, 17] 51 int [2, 18] 51 int [2, 19] 51 int [2, 20] 51 int [2, 21] 51 int [2, 22] 51 int [2, 23] 51 int [2, 24] 51 int [3, 0] 52 int [3, 1] 52 int [3, 2] 52 int [3, 3] 52 int [3, 4] 52 int [3, 5] 52 int [3, 6] 52 int [3, 7] 52 int [3, 8] 52 int [3, 9] 52 int [3, 10] 52 int [3, 11] 52 int [3, 12] 52 int [3, 13] 52 int [3, 14] 52 int [3, 15] 52 int [3, 16] 52 int [3, 17] 52 int [3, 18] 52 int [3, 19] 52 int [3, 20] 52 int [3, 21] 52 int [3, 22] 52 int [3, 23] 52 int [3, 24] 52 int [4, 0] 53 int [4, 1] 53 int [4, 2] 53 int [4, 3] 53 int [4, 4] 53 int [4, 5] 53 int [4, 6] 53 int [4, 7] 53 int [4, 8] 53 int [4, 9] 53 int [4, 10] 53 int [4, 11] 53 int [4, 12] 53 int [4, 13] 53 int [4, 14] 53 int [4, 15] 53 int [4, 16] 53 int [4, 17] 53 int [4, 18] 53 int [4, 19] 53 int [4, 20] 53 int [4, 21] 53 int [4, 22] 53 int [4, 23] 53 int [4, 24] 53 int [5, 0] 54 int [5, 1] 54 int [5, 2] 54 int [5, 3] 54 int [5, 4] 54 int [5, 5] 54 int [5, 6] 54 int [5, 7] 54 int [5, 8] 54 int [5, 9] 54 int [5, 10] 54 int [5, 11] 54 int [5, 12] 54 int [5, 13] 54 int [5, 14] 54 int [5, 15] 54 int [5, 16] 54 int [5, 17] 54 int [5, 18] 54 int [5, 19] 54 int [5, 20] 54 int [5, 21] 54 int [5, 22] 54 int [5, 23] 54 int [5, 24] 54 int [6, 0] 55 int [6, 1] 55 int [6, 2] 55 int [6, 3] 55 int [6, 4] 55 int [6, 5] 55 int [6, 6] 55 int [6, 7] 55 int [6, 8] 55 int [6, 9] 55 int [6, 10] 55 int [6, 11] 55 int [6, 12] 55 int [6, 13] 55 int [6, 14] 55 int [6, 15] 55 int [6, 16] 55 int [6, 17] 55 int [6, 18] 55 int [6, 19] 55 int [6, 20] 55 int [6, 21] 55 int [6, 22] 55 int [6, 23] 55 int [6, 24] 55 int [7, 0] 56 int [7, 1] 56 int [7, 2] 56 int [7, 3] 56 int [7, 4] 56 int [7, 5] 56 int [7, 6] 56 int [7, 7] 56 int [7, 8] 56 int [7, 9] 56 int [7, 10] 56 int [7, 11] 56 int [7, 12] 56 int [7, 13] 56 int [7, 14] 56 int [7, 15] 56 int [7, 16] 56 int [7, 17] 56 int [7, 18] 56 int [7, 19] 56 int [7, 20] 56 int [7, 21] 56 int [7, 22] 56 int [7, 23] 56 int [7, 24] 56 int [8, 0] 57 int [8, 1] 57 int [8, 2] 57 int [8, 3] 57 int [8, 4] 57 int [8, 5] 57 int [8, 6] 57 int [8, 7] 57 int [8, 8] 57 int [8, 9] 57 int [8, 10] 57 int [8, 11] 57 int [8, 12] 57 int [8, 13] 57 int [8, 14] 57 int [8, 15] 57 int [8, 16] 57 int [8, 17] 57 int [8, 18] 57 int [8, 19] 57 int [8, 20] 57 int [8, 21] 57 int [8, 22] 57 int [8, 23] 57 int [8, 24] 57 int [9, 0] 48 int [9, 1] 48 int [9, 2] 48 int [9, 3] 48 int [9, 4] 48 int [9, 5] 48 int [9, 6] 48 int [9, 7] 48 int [9, 8] 48 int [9, 9] 48 int [9, 10] 48 int [9, 11] 48 int [9, 12] 48 int [9, 13] 48 int [9, 14] 48 int [9, 15] 48 int [9, 16] 48 int [9, 17] 48 int [9, 18] 48 int [9, 19] 48 int [9, 20] 48 int [9, 21] 48 int [9, 22] 48 int [9, 23] 48 int [9, 24] 48 int [10, 0] 48 int [10, 1] 48 int [10, 2] 48 int [10, 3] 48 int [10, 4] 48 int [10, 5] 48 int [10, 6] 48 int [10, 7] 48 int [10, 8] 48 int [10, 9] 48 int [10, 10] 48 int [10, 11] 48 int [10, 12] 48 int [10, 13] 48 int [10, 14] 48 int [10, 15] 48 int [10, 16] 48 int [10, 17] 48 int [10, 18] 48 int [10, 19] 48 int [10, 20] 48 int [10, 21] 48 int [10, 22] 48 int [10, 23] 48 int [10, 24] 48 int [11, 0] 48 int [11, 1] 48 int [11, 2] 48 int [11, 3] 48 int [11, 4] 48 int [11, 5] 48 int [11, 6] 48 int [11, 7] 48 int [11, 8] 48 int [11, 9] 48 int [11, 10] 48 int [11, 11] 48 int [11, 12] 48 int [11, 13] 48 int [11, 14] 48 int [11, 15] 48 int [11, 16] 48 int [11, 17] 48 int [11, 18] 48 int [11, 19] 48 int [11, 20] 48 int [11, 21] 48 int [11, 22] 48 int [11, 23] 48 int [11, 24] 48 int [12, 0] 48 int [12, 1] 48 int [12, 2] 48 int [12, 3] 48 int [12, 4] 48 int [12, 5] 48 int [12, 6] 48 int [12, 7] 48 int [12, 8] 48 int [12, 9] 48 int [12, 10] 48 int [12, 11] 48 int [12, 12] 48 int [12, 13] 48 int [12, 14] 48 int [12, 15] 48 int [12, 16] 48 int [12, 17] 48 int [12, 18] 48 int [12, 19] 48 int [12, 20] 48 int [12, 21] 48 int [12, 22] 48 int [12, 23] 48 int [12, 24] 48 int [13, 0] 48 int [13, 1] 48 int [13, 2] 48 int [13, 3] 48 int [13, 4] 48 int [13, 5] 48 int [13, 6] 48 int [13, 7] 48 int [13, 8] 48 int [13, 9] 48 int [13, 10] 48 int [13, 11] 48 int [13, 12] 48 int [13, 13] 48 int [13, 14] 48 int [13, 15] 48 int [13, 16] 48 int [13, 17] 48 int [13, 18] 48 int [13, 19] 48 int [13, 20] 48 int [13, 21] 48 int [13, 22] 48 int [13, 23] 48 int [13, 24] 48 int Sorry for the lame formatting, but it's huge :P I have no idea where it's getting these values from, does anyone have an explanation? Thanks :)

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  • jQuery.closest(); traversing down the DOM not up

    - by Alex
    Afternoon peoples. I am having a bit of a nightmare traversing a DOM tree properly. I have the following markup <div class="node" id="first-wh"> <div class="content-heading has-tools"> <div class="tool-menu" style="position: relative"> <span class="menu-open stepper-down"></span> <ul class="tool-menu-tools" style="display:none;"> <li><img src="/resources/includes/images/layout/tools-menu/edit22.png" /> Edit <input type="hidden" class="variables" value="edit,hobbies,text,/theurl" /></li> <li>Menu 2</li> <li>Menu 3</li> </ul> </div> <h3>Employment History</h3></div> <div class="content-body editable disabled"> <h3 class="dates">1st January 2010 - 10th June 2010</h3> <h3>Company</h3> <h4>Some Company</h4> <h3>Job Title</h3> <h4>IT Manager</h4> <h3>Job Description</h3> <p class="desc">I headed up the IT department for all things concerning IT and infrastructure</p> <h3>Roles &amp; Responsibilities</h3> <p class="desc">It is a long established fact that a reader will be distracted by the readable content of a page when looking at its layout. The point of using Lorem Ipsum is that it has a more-or-less normal distribution of letters, as opposed to using 'Content here, content here', making it look like readable English. Many desktop publishing packages and web page editors now use Lorem Ipsum as their default model text, and a search for 'lorem ipsum' will uncover many web sites still in their infancy. Various versions have evolved over the years, sometimes by accident, sometimes on purpose (injected humour and the like).</p> </div> <div class="content-body edit-node edit-node-hide"> <input class="variables" type="hidden" value="id,function-id" /> <h3 class="element-title">Employment Dates</h3> <span class="label">From:</span> <input class="edit-mode date date-from" type="text" value="date" /> <span class="label">To:</span> <input class="edit-mode date date-to" type="text" value="date" /> <h3 class="element-title">Company</h3> <input class="edit-mode" type="text" value="The company I worked for" /> <h3 class="element-title">Job Title</h3> <input class="edit-mode" type="text" value="My job title" /> <h3 class="element-title">Job Description</h3> <textarea class="edit-mode" type="text">The Job Title</textarea> <h3 class="element-title">Roles &amp; Responsibilities</h3> <textarea class="edit-mode" type="text">It is a long established fact that a reader will be distracted by the readable content of a page when looking at its layout. The point of using Lorem Ipsum is that it has a more-or-less normal distribution of letters, as opposed to using 'Content here, content here', making it look like readable English. Many desktop publishing packages and web page editors now use Lorem Ipsum as their default model text, and a search for 'lorem ipsum' will uncover many web sites still in their infancy. Various versions have evolved over the years, sometimes by accident, sometimes on purpose (injected humour and the like).</textarea> <div class="node-actions"> <input type="checkbox" class="checkdisable" value="This is a checkbox"/>This element is visible .<br /> <input type="submit" class="account-button save" value="Save" /> <input type="submit" class="account-button cancel" value="Cancel" /></div> </div></div> ... And I am trying to traverse from input.save at the bottom right the way up to div.node... This all works well with one copy of the markup but if I duplicate it (obvisouly changing the ID of the uppermost div.node and use jQuery.closest('div.node') for the upper of the div.node's it will return the element below it not the element above it (which is the right one). I've tried using parents() but that also has it's caveats. Is there some kind of contexyt that can be attached to closest to make it go up and not down? or is there a better way to do this. jQuery code below. $(".save").click(function(){ var element=$(this); var enodes=element.parents('.edit-node').find('input.variables'); var variables=enodes.val(); var onode=element.closest('div.node').find('.editable'); var enode=element.closest('div.node').find('.edit-node-hide'); var vnode=element.closest('div.node-actions').find('input.checkdisable'); var isvis=(vnode.is(":checked")) ? onode.removeClass('disabled') : onode.addClass('disabled'); onode.slideDown(200); enode.fadeOut(100); }); Thanks in advance. Alex P.S It seems that stackoverflow has done something weird to the markup! - I just triple checked it and it is fine but for some reason it's concate'd it below

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  • Not able to get data from Json completely

    - by Abhinav Raja
    i am getting JSON data from http://abinet.org/?json=1 and displaying the titles in a ListView. the code is working fine but the problem is, it is skipping few titles in my ListView and one title is being repeated. You can see the json data from url given above by copy paste it in JSON editor online http://www.jsoneditoronline.org/ i want titles in the "posts" array to be displayed in ListView, however it is being displayed like this: if you see the JSON data from the link above, its missing like 3 titles (they should come between the first and second title) and 5th title is being repeated. Dont know why this is happening. What minor adjustments i need to do? Please help me. this is my code : public class MainActivity extends Activity { // URL to get contacts JSON private static String url = "http://abinet.org/?json=1"; // JSON Node names private static final String TAG_POSTS = "posts"; static final String TAG_TITLE = "title"; private ProgressDialog pDialog; JSONArray contacts = null; TextView img_url; ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>> contactList; ListView lv; LazyAdapter adapter; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); lv = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.newslist); contactList = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>>(); new GetContacts().execute(); } private class GetContacts extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> { protected void onPreExecute() { super.onPreExecute(); // Showing progress dialog pDialog = new ProgressDialog(MainActivity.this); pDialog.setMessage("Please wait..."); pDialog.setCancelable(false); pDialog.show(); } protected Void doInBackground(Void... arg0) { // Making a request to url and getting response JSONParser jParser = new JSONParser(); // Getting JSON from URL JSONObject jsonObj = jParser.getJSONFromUrl(url); // if (jsonStr != null) { try { // Getting JSON Array node contacts = jsonObj.getJSONArray(TAG_POSTS); // looping through All Contacts for (int i = 0; i < contacts.length(); i++) { // JSONObject c = contacts.getJSONObject(i); JSONObject posts = contacts.getJSONObject(i); String title = posts.getString(TAG_TITLE).replace("&#8217;", "'"); JSONArray attachment = posts.getJSONArray("attachments"); for (int j = 0; j< attachment.length(); j++){ JSONObject obj = attachment.getJSONObject(j); JSONObject image = obj.getJSONObject("images"); JSONObject image_small = image.getJSONObject("thumbnail"); String imgurl = image_small.getString("url"); HashMap<String, Object> contact = new HashMap<String, Object>(); contact.put("image_url", imgurl); contact.put(TAG_TITLE, title); contactList.add(contact); } } } catch (JSONException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } @Override protected void onPostExecute(Void result) { super.onPostExecute(result); // Dismiss the progress dialog if (pDialog.isShowing()) pDialog.dismiss(); adapter=new LazyAdapter(MainActivity.this, contactList); lv.setAdapter(adapter); } } } this is my JsonParser class (although its not required): public JSONParser() { } public JSONObject getJSONFromUrl(String url) { // Making HTTP request try { // defaultHttpClient DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost); HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity(); is = httpEntity.getContent(); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader( is, "iso-8859-1"), 8); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); String line = null; while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { sb.append(line + "n"); } is.close(); json = sb.toString(); } catch (Exception e) { Log.e("Buffer Error", "Error converting result " + e.toString()); } // try parse the string to a JSON object try { jObj = new JSONObject(json); } catch (JSONException e) { Log.e("JSON Parser", "Error parsing data " + e.toString()); } // return JSON String return jObj; } } and this is adapter class: public class LazyAdapter extends BaseAdapter { private Activity activity; private ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>> data; private static LayoutInflater inflater=null; public LazyAdapter(Activity a,ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>> d) { activity = a; data=d; inflater = (LayoutInflater)activity.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE); } public int getCount() { return data.size(); } public Object getItem(int position) { return position; } public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { View vi=convertView; if(convertView==null) vi = inflater.inflate(R.layout.third_row, null); TextView title = (TextView)vi.findViewById(R.id.headline3); // title SmartImageView iv = (SmartImageView) vi.findViewById(R.id.imageicon); HashMap<String, Object> song = new HashMap<String, Object>(); song = data.get(position); // Setting all values in listview title.setText((CharSequence) song.get(MainActivity.TAG_TITLE)); iv.setImageUrl((String) song.get("image_url")); thumb_image); return vi; } } Please help me. I am stuck at this for more than a week now. I think there is just something to be changed in my MainActivity class.

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  • Error with my Android Application httpGet

    - by Coombes
    Basically I'm getting a strange issue with my Android application, it's supposed to grab a JSON Array and print out some values, the class looks like this: ShowComedianActivity.class package com.example.connecttest; public class ShowComedianActivity extends Activity{ TextView name; TextView add; TextView email; TextView tel; String id; // Progress Dialog private ProgressDialog pDialog; //JSON Parser class JSONParser jsonParser = new JSONParser(); // Single Comedian url private static final String url_comedian_details = "http://86.9.71.17/connect/get_comedian_details.php"; // JSON Node names private static final String TAG_SUCCESS = "success"; private static final String TAG_COMEDIAN = "comedian"; private static final String TAG_ID = "id"; private static final String TAG_NAME = "name"; private static final String TAG_ADDRESS = "address"; private static final String TAG_EMAIL = "email"; private static final String TAG_TEL = "tel"; public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){ super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.show_comedian); // Getting Comedian Details from intent Intent i = getIntent(); // Getting id from intent id = i.getStringExtra(TAG_ID); new GetComedianDetails().execute(); } class GetComedianDetails extends AsyncTask<String, String, String>{ protected void onPreExecute(){ super.onPreExecute(); pDialog = new ProgressDialog(ShowComedianActivity.this); pDialog.setMessage("Fetching Comedian details. Please wait..."); pDialog.setIndeterminate(false); pDialog.setCancelable(true); pDialog.show(); } @Override protected String doInBackground(String... params) { runOnUiThread(new Runnable(){ public void run(){ int success; try{ //Building parameters List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("id",id)); // Getting comedian details via HTTP request // Uses a GET request JSONObject json = jsonParser.makeHttpRequest(url_comedian_details, "GET", params); // Check Log for json response Log.d("Single Comedian details", json.toString()); //JSON Success tag success = json.getInt(TAG_SUCCESS); if(success == 1){ // Succesfully received product details JSONArray comedianObj = json.getJSONArray(TAG_COMEDIAN); //JSON Array // get first comedian object from JSON Array JSONObject comedian = comedianObj.getJSONObject(0); // comedian with id found name = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.name); add = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.add); email = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.email); tel = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tel); // Set text to details name.setText(comedian.getString(TAG_NAME)); add.setText(comedian.getString(TAG_ADDRESS)); email.setText(comedian.getString(TAG_EMAIL)); tel.setText(comedian.getString(TAG_TEL)); } } catch (JSONException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } }); return null; } } } And my JSON Parser class looks like: package com.example.connecttest; public class JSONParser { static InputStream is = null; static JSONObject jObj = null; static String json = ""; // constructor public JSONParser() { } // function get json from url // by making HTTP POST or GET method public JSONObject makeHttpRequest(String url, String method, List<NameValuePair> params) { // Making HTTP request try { // check for request method if(method == "POST"){ // request method is POST // defaultHttpClient DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params)); HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost); HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity(); is = httpEntity.getContent(); }else if(method == "GET"){ // request method is GET DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(); String paramString = URLEncodedUtils.format(params, "utf-8"); url += "?" + paramString; HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url); HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet); HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity(); is = httpEntity.getContent(); } } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader( is, "iso-8859-1"), 8); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); String line = null; while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { sb.append(line + "\n"); } is.close(); json = sb.toString(); } catch (Exception e) { Log.e("Buffer Error", "Error converting result " + e.toString()); } // try parse the string to a JSON object try { jObj = new JSONObject(json); } catch (JSONException e) { Log.e("JSON Parser", "Error parsing data " + e.toString()); } // return JSON String return jObj; } } Now when I run a debug it's querying the correct address with ?id=1 on the end of the URL, and when I navigate to that url I get the following JSON Array: {"success":1,"comedian":[{"id":"1","name":"Michael Coombes","address":"5 Trevethenick Road","email":"[email protected]","tel":"xxxxxxxxxxxx"}]} However my app just crashes, the log-cat report looks like this: 03-22 02:05:02.140: E/Trace(3776): error opening trace file: No such file or directory (2) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): FATAL EXCEPTION: main 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at android.os.StrictMode$AndroidBlockGuardPolicy.onNetwork(StrictMode.java:1117) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at libcore.io.BlockGuardOs.connect(BlockGuardOs.java:84) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at libcore.io.IoBridge.connectErrno(IoBridge.java:127) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at libcore.io.IoBridge.connect(IoBridge.java:112) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connect(PlainSocketImpl.java:192) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connect(PlainSocketImpl.java:459) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:842) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at org.apache.http.conn.scheme.PlainSocketFactory.connectSocket(PlainSocketFactory.java:119) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultClientConnectionOperator.openConnection(DefaultClientConnectionOperator.java:144) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at org.apache.http.impl.conn.AbstractPoolEntry.open(AbstractPoolEntry.java:164) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at org.apache.http.impl.conn.AbstractPooledConnAdapter.open(AbstractPooledConnAdapter.java:119) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultRequestDirector.execute(DefaultRequestDirector.java:360) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:555) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:487) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:465) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at com.example.connecttest.JSONParser.makeHttpRequest(JSONParser.java:62) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at com.example.connecttest.ShowComedianActivity$GetComedianDetails$1.run(ShowComedianActivity.java:89) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:615) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4745) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:786) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:553) 03-22 02:05:04.590: E/AndroidRuntime(3776): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) From this I'm guessing the error is in the jsonParser.makeHttpRequest however I can't for the life of me figure out what's going wrong and was hoping someone brighter than I could illuminate me.

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  • A free standing ASP.NET Pager Web Control

    - by Rick Strahl
    Paging in ASP.NET has been relatively easy with stock controls supporting basic paging functionality. However, recently I built an MVC application and one of the things I ran into was that I HAD TO build manual paging support into a few of my pages. Dealing with list controls and rendering markup is easy enough, but doing paging is a little more involved. I ended up with a small but flexible component that can be dropped anywhere. As it turns out the task of creating a semi-generic Pager control for MVC was fairly easily. Now I’m back to working in Web Forms and thought to myself that the way I created the pager in MVC actually would also work in ASP.NET – in fact quite a bit easier since the whole thing can be conveniently wrapped up into an easily reusable control. A standalone pager would provider easier reuse in various pages and a more consistent pager display regardless of what kind of 'control’ the pager is associated with. Why a Pager Control? At first blush it might sound silly to create a new pager control – after all Web Forms has pretty decent paging support, doesn’t it? Well, sort of. Yes the GridView control has automatic paging built in and the ListView control has the related DataPager control. The built in ASP.NET paging has several issues though: Postback and JavaScript requirements If you look at paging links in ASP.NET they are always postback links with javascript:__doPostback() calls that go back to the server. While that works fine and actually has some benefit like the fact that paging saves changes to the page and post them back, it’s not very SEO friendly. Basically if you use javascript based navigation nosearch engine will follow the paging links which effectively cuts off list content on the first page. The DataPager control does support GET based links via the QueryStringParameter property, but the control is effectively tied to the ListView control (which is the only control that implements IPageableItemContainer). DataSource Controls required for Efficient Data Paging Retrieval The only way you can get paging to work efficiently where only the few records you display on the page are queried for and retrieved from the database you have to use a DataSource control - only the Linq and Entity DataSource controls  support this natively. While you can retrieve this data yourself manually, there’s no way to just assign the page number and render the pager based on this custom subset. Other than that default paging requires a full resultset for ASP.NET to filter the data and display only a subset which can be very resource intensive and wasteful if you’re dealing with largish resultsets (although I’m a firm believer in returning actually usable sets :-}). If you use your own business layer that doesn’t fit an ObjectDataSource you’re SOL. That’s a real shame too because with LINQ based querying it’s real easy to retrieve a subset of data that is just the data you want to display but the native Pager functionality doesn’t support just setting properties to display just the subset AFAIK. DataPager is not Free Standing The DataPager control is the closest thing to a decent Pager implementation that ASP.NET has, but alas it’s not a free standing component – it works off a related control and the only one that it effectively supports from the stock ASP.NET controls is the ListView control. This means you can’t use the same data pager formatting for a grid and a list view or vice versa and you’re always tied to the control. Paging Events In order to handle paging you have to deal with paging events. The events fire at specific time instances in the page pipeline and because of this you often have to handle data binding in a way to work around the paging events or else end up double binding your data sources based on paging. Yuk. Styling The GridView pager is a royal pain to beat into submission for styled rendering. The DataPager control has many more options and template layout and it renders somewhat cleaner, but it too is not exactly easy to get a decent display for. Not a Generic Solution The problem with the ASP.NET controls too is that it’s not generic. GridView, DataGrid use their own internal paging, ListView can use a DataPager and if you want to manually create data layout – well you’re on your own. IOW, depending on what you use you likely have very different looking Paging experiences. So, I figured I’ve struggled with this once too many and finally sat down and built a Pager control. The Pager Control My goal was to create a totally free standing control that has no dependencies on other controls and certainly no requirements for using DataSource controls. The idea is that you should be able to use this pager control without any sort of data requirements at all – you should just be able to set properties and be able to display a pager. The Pager control I ended up with has the following features: Completely free standing Pager control – no control or data dependencies Complete manual control – Pager can render without any data dependency Easy to use: Only need to set PageSize, ActivePage and TotalItems Supports optional filtering of IQueryable for efficient queries and Pager rendering Supports optional full set filtering of IEnumerable<T> and DataTable Page links are plain HTTP GET href Links Control automatically picks up Page links on the URL and assigns them (automatic page detection no page index changing events to hookup) Full CSS Styling support On the downside there’s no templating support for the control so the layout of the pager is relatively fixed. All elements however are stylable and there are options to control the text, and layout options such as whether to display first and last pages and the previous/next buttons and so on. To give you an idea what the pager looks like, here are two differently styled examples (all via CSS):   The markup for these two pagers looks like this: <ww:Pager runat="server" id="ItemPager" PageSize="5" PageLinkCssClass="gridpagerbutton" SelectedPageCssClass="gridpagerbutton-selected" PagesTextCssClass="gridpagertext" CssClass="gridpager" RenderContainerDiv="true" ContainerDivCssClass="gridpagercontainer" MaxPagesToDisplay="6" PagesText="Item Pages:" NextText="next" PreviousText="previous" /> <ww:Pager runat="server" id="ItemPager2" PageSize="5" RenderContainerDiv="true" MaxPagesToDisplay="6" /> The latter example uses default style settings so it there’s not much to set. The first example on the other hand explicitly assigns custom styles and overrides a few of the formatting options. Styling The styling is based on a number of CSS classes of which the the main pager, pagerbutton and pagerbutton-selected classes are the important ones. Other styles like pagerbutton-next/prev/first/last are based on the pagerbutton style. The default styling shown for the red outlined pager looks like this: .pagercontainer { margin: 20px 0; background: whitesmoke; padding: 5px; } .pager { float: right; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; } .pagerbutton,.pagerbutton-selected,.pagertext { display: block; float: left; text-align: center; border: solid 2px maroon; min-width: 18px; margin-left: 3px; text-decoration: none; padding: 4px; } .pagerbutton-selected { font-size: 130%; font-weight: bold; color: maroon; border-width: 0px; background: khaki; } .pagerbutton-first { margin-right: 12px; } .pagerbutton-last,.pagerbutton-prev { margin-left: 12px; } .pagertext { border: none; margin-left: 30px; font-weight: bold; } .pagerbutton a { text-decoration: none; } .pagerbutton:hover { background-color: maroon; color: cornsilk; } .pagerbutton-prev { background-image: url(images/prev.png); background-position: 2px center; background-repeat: no-repeat; width: 35px; padding-left: 20px; } .pagerbutton-next { background-image: url(images/next.png); background-position: 40px center; background-repeat: no-repeat; width: 35px; padding-right: 20px; margin-right: 0px; } Yup that’s a lot of styling settings although not all of them are required. The key ones are pagerbutton, pager and pager selection. The others (which are implicitly created by the control based on the pagerbutton style) are for custom markup of the ‘special’ buttons. In my apps I tend to have two kinds of pages: Those that are associated with typical ‘grid’ displays that display purely tabular data and those that have a more looser list like layout. The two pagers shown above represent these two views and the pager and gridpager styles in my standard style sheet reflect these two styles. Configuring the Pager with Code Finally lets look at what it takes to hook up the pager. As mentioned in the highlights the Pager control is completely independent of other controls so if you just want to display a pager on its own it’s as simple as dropping the control and assigning the PageSize, ActivePage and either TotalPages or TotalItems. So for this markup: <ww:Pager runat="server" id="ItemPagerManual" PageSize="5" MaxPagesToDisplay="6" /> I can use code as simple as: ItemPagerManual.PageSize = 3; ItemPagerManual.ActivePage = 4;ItemPagerManual.TotalItems = 20; Note that ActivePage is not required - it will automatically use any Page=x query string value and assign it, although you can override it as I did above. TotalItems can be any value that you retrieve from a result set or manually assign as I did above. A more realistic scenario based on a LINQ to SQL IQueryable result is even easier. In this example, I have a UserControl that contains a ListView control that renders IQueryable data. I use a User Control here because there are different views the user can choose from with each view being a different user control. This incidentally also highlights one of the nice features of the pager: Because the pager is independent of the control I can put the pager on the host page instead of into each of the user controls. IOW, there’s only one Pager control, but there are potentially many user controls/listviews that hold the actual display data. The following code demonstrates how to use the Pager with an IQueryable that loads only the records it displays: protected voidPage_Load(objectsender, EventArgs e) {     Category = Request.Params["Category"] ?? string.Empty;     IQueryable<wws_Item> ItemList = ItemRepository.GetItemsByCategory(Category);     // Update the page and filter the list down     ItemList = ItemPager.FilterIQueryable<wws_Item>(ItemList); // Render user control with a list view Control ulItemList = LoadControl("~/usercontrols/" + App.Configuration.ItemListType + ".ascx"); ((IInventoryItemListControl)ulItemList).InventoryItemList = ItemList; phItemList.Controls.Add(ulItemList); // placeholder } The code uses a business object to retrieve Items by category as an IQueryable which means that the result is only an expression tree that hasn’t execute SQL yet and can be further filtered. I then pass this IQueryable to the FilterIQueryable() helper method of the control which does two main things: Filters the IQueryable to retrieve only the data displayed on the active page Sets the Totaltems property and calculates TotalPages on the Pager and that’s it! When the Pager renders it uses those values, plus the PageSize and ActivePage properties to render the Pager. In addition to IQueryable there are also filter methods for IEnumerable<T> and DataTable, but these versions just filter the data by removing rows/items from the entire already retrieved data. Output Generated and Paging Links The output generated creates pager links as plain href links. Here’s what the output looks like: <div id="ItemPager" class="pagercontainer"> <div class="pager"> <span class="pagertext">Pages: </span><a href="http://localhost/WestWindWebStore/itemlist.aspx?Page=1" class="pagerbutton" />1</a> <a href="http://localhost/WestWindWebStore/itemlist.aspx?Page=2" class="pagerbutton" />2</a> <a href="http://localhost/WestWindWebStore/itemlist.aspx?Page=3" class="pagerbutton" />3</a> <span class="pagerbutton-selected">4</span> <a href="http://localhost/WestWindWebStore/itemlist.aspx?Page=5" class="pagerbutton" />5</a> <a href="http://localhost/WestWindWebStore/itemlist.aspx?Page=6" class="pagerbutton" />6</a> <a href="http://localhost/WestWindWebStore/itemlist.aspx?Page=20" class="pagerbutton pagerbutton-last" />20</a>&nbsp;<a href="http://localhost/WestWindWebStore/itemlist.aspx?Page=3" class="pagerbutton pagerbutton-prev" />Prev</a>&nbsp;<a href="http://localhost/WestWindWebStore/itemlist.aspx?Page=5" class="pagerbutton pagerbutton-next" />Next</a></div> <br clear="all" /> </div> </div> The links point back to the current page and simply append a Page= page link into the page. When the page gets reloaded with the new page number the pager automatically detects the page number and automatically assigns the ActivePage property which results in the appropriate page to be displayed. The code shown in the previous section is all that’s needed to handle paging. Note that HTTP GET based paging is different than the Postback paging ASP.NET uses by default. Postback paging preserves modified page content when clicking on pager buttons, but this control will simply load a new page – no page preservation at this time. The advantage of not using Postback paging is that the URLs generated are plain HTML links that a search engine can follow where __doPostback() links are not. Pager with a Grid The pager also works in combination with grid controls so it’s easy to bypass the grid control’s paging features if desired. In the following example I use a gridView control and binds it to a DataTable result which is also filterable by the Pager control. The very basic plain vanilla ASP.NET grid markup looks like this: <div style="width: 600px; margin: 0 auto;padding: 20px; "> <asp:DataGrid runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="True" ID="gdItems" CssClass="blackborder" style="width: 600px;"> <AlternatingItemStyle CssClass="gridalternate" /> <HeaderStyle CssClass="gridheader" /> </asp:DataGrid> <ww:Pager runat="server" ID="Pager" CssClass="gridpager" ContainerDivCssClass="gridpagercontainer" PageLinkCssClass="gridpagerbutton" SelectedPageCssClass="gridpagerbutton-selected" PageSize="8" RenderContainerDiv="true" MaxPagesToDisplay="6" /> </div> and looks like this when rendered: using custom set of CSS styles. The code behind for this code is also very simple: protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { string category = Request.Params["category"] ?? ""; busItem itemRep = WebStoreFactory.GetItem(); var items = itemRep.GetItemsByCategory(category) .Select(itm => new {Sku = itm.Sku, Description = itm.Description}); // run query into a DataTable for demonstration DataTable dt = itemRep.Converter.ToDataTable(items,"TItems"); // Remove all items not on the current page dt = Pager.FilterDataTable(dt,0); // bind and display gdItems.DataSource = dt; gdItems.DataBind(); } A little contrived I suppose since the list could already be bound from the list of elements, but this is to demonstrate that you can also bind against a DataTable if your business layer returns those. Unfortunately there’s no way to filter a DataReader as it’s a one way forward only reader and the reader is required by the DataSource to perform the bindings.  However, you can still use a DataReader as long as your business logic filters the data prior to rendering and provides a total item count (most likely as a second query). Control Creation The control itself is a pretty brute force ASP.NET control. Nothing clever about this other than some basic rendering logic and some simple calculations and update routines to determine which buttons need to be shown. You can take a look at the full code from the West Wind Web Toolkit’s Repository (note there are a few dependencies). To give you an idea how the control works here is the Render() method: /// <summary> /// overridden to handle custom pager rendering for runtime and design time /// </summary> /// <param name="writer"></param> protected override void Render(HtmlTextWriter writer) { base.Render(writer); if (TotalPages == 0 && TotalItems > 0) TotalPages = CalculateTotalPagesFromTotalItems(); if (DesignMode) TotalPages = 10; // don't render pager if there's only one page if (TotalPages < 2) return; if (RenderContainerDiv) { if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(ContainerDivCssClass)) writer.AddAttribute("class", ContainerDivCssClass); writer.RenderBeginTag("div"); } // main pager wrapper writer.WriteBeginTag("div"); writer.AddAttribute("id", this.ClientID); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(CssClass)) writer.WriteAttribute("class", this.CssClass); writer.Write(HtmlTextWriter.TagRightChar + "\r\n"); // Pages Text writer.WriteBeginTag("span"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PagesTextCssClass)) writer.WriteAttribute("class", PagesTextCssClass); writer.Write(HtmlTextWriter.TagRightChar); writer.Write(this.PagesText); writer.WriteEndTag("span"); // if the base url is empty use the current URL FixupBaseUrl(); // set _startPage and _endPage ConfigurePagesToRender(); // write out first page link if (ShowFirstAndLastPageLinks && _startPage != 1) { writer.WriteBeginTag("a"); string pageUrl = StringUtils.SetUrlEncodedKey(BaseUrl, QueryStringPageField, (1).ToString()); writer.WriteAttribute("href", pageUrl); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PageLinkCssClass)) writer.WriteAttribute("class", PageLinkCssClass + " " + PageLinkCssClass + "-first"); writer.Write(HtmlTextWriter.SelfClosingTagEnd); writer.Write("1"); writer.WriteEndTag("a"); writer.Write("&nbsp;"); } // write out all the page links for (int i = _startPage; i < _endPage + 1; i++) { if (i == ActivePage) { writer.WriteBeginTag("span"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(SelectedPageCssClass)) writer.WriteAttribute("class", SelectedPageCssClass); writer.Write(HtmlTextWriter.TagRightChar); writer.Write(i.ToString()); writer.WriteEndTag("span"); } else { writer.WriteBeginTag("a"); string pageUrl = StringUtils.SetUrlEncodedKey(BaseUrl, QueryStringPageField, i.ToString()).TrimEnd('&'); writer.WriteAttribute("href", pageUrl); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PageLinkCssClass)) writer.WriteAttribute("class", PageLinkCssClass); writer.Write(HtmlTextWriter.SelfClosingTagEnd); writer.Write(i.ToString()); writer.WriteEndTag("a"); } writer.Write("\r\n"); } // write out last page link if (ShowFirstAndLastPageLinks && _endPage < TotalPages) { writer.WriteBeginTag("a"); string pageUrl = StringUtils.SetUrlEncodedKey(BaseUrl, QueryStringPageField, TotalPages.ToString()); writer.WriteAttribute("href", pageUrl); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PageLinkCssClass)) writer.WriteAttribute("class", PageLinkCssClass + " " + PageLinkCssClass + "-last"); writer.Write(HtmlTextWriter.SelfClosingTagEnd); writer.Write(TotalPages.ToString()); writer.WriteEndTag("a"); } // Previous link if (ShowPreviousNextLinks && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(PreviousText) && ActivePage > 1) { writer.Write("&nbsp;"); writer.WriteBeginTag("a"); string pageUrl = StringUtils.SetUrlEncodedKey(BaseUrl, QueryStringPageField, (ActivePage - 1).ToString()); writer.WriteAttribute("href", pageUrl); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PageLinkCssClass)) writer.WriteAttribute("class", PageLinkCssClass + " " + PageLinkCssClass + "-prev"); writer.Write(HtmlTextWriter.SelfClosingTagEnd); writer.Write(PreviousText); writer.WriteEndTag("a"); } // Next link if (ShowPreviousNextLinks && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(NextText) && ActivePage < TotalPages) { writer.Write("&nbsp;"); writer.WriteBeginTag("a"); string pageUrl = StringUtils.SetUrlEncodedKey(BaseUrl, QueryStringPageField, (ActivePage + 1).ToString()); writer.WriteAttribute("href", pageUrl); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PageLinkCssClass)) writer.WriteAttribute("class", PageLinkCssClass + " " + PageLinkCssClass + "-next"); writer.Write(HtmlTextWriter.SelfClosingTagEnd); writer.Write(NextText); writer.WriteEndTag("a"); } writer.WriteEndTag("div"); if (RenderContainerDiv) { if (RenderContainerDivBreak) writer.Write("<br clear=\"all\" />\r\n"); writer.WriteEndTag("div"); } } As I said pretty much brute force rendering based on the control’s property settings of which there are quite a few: You can also see the pager in the designer above. unfortunately the VS designer (both 2010 and 2008) fails to render the float: left CSS styles properly and starts wrapping after margins are applied in the special buttons. Not a big deal since VS does at least respect the spacing (the floated elements overlay). Then again I’m not using the designer anyway :-}. Filtering Data What makes the Pager easy to use is the filter methods built into the control. While this functionality is clearly not the most politically correct design choice as it violates separation of concerns, it’s very useful for typical pager operation. While I actually have filter methods that do something similar in my business layer, having it exposed on the control makes the control a lot more useful for typical databinding scenarios. Of course these methods are optional – if you have a business layer that can provide filtered page queries for you can use that instead and assign the TotalItems property manually. There are three filter method types available for IQueryable, IEnumerable and for DataTable which tend to be the most common use cases in my apps old and new. The IQueryable version is pretty simple as it can simply rely on on .Skip() and .Take() with LINQ: /// <summary> /// <summary> /// Queries the database for the ActivePage applied manually /// or from the Request["page"] variable. This routine /// figures out and sets TotalPages, ActivePage and /// returns a filtered subset IQueryable that contains /// only the items from the ActivePage. /// </summary> /// <param name="query"></param> /// <param name="activePage"> /// The page you want to display. Sets the ActivePage property when passed. /// Pass 0 or smaller to use ActivePage setting. /// </param> /// <returns></returns> public IQueryable<T> FilterIQueryable<T>(IQueryable<T> query, int activePage) where T : class, new() { ActivePage = activePage < 1 ? ActivePage : activePage; if (ActivePage < 1) ActivePage = 1; TotalItems = query.Count(); if (TotalItems <= PageSize) { ActivePage = 1; TotalPages = 1; return query; } int skip = ActivePage - 1; if (skip > 0) query = query.Skip(skip * PageSize); _TotalPages = CalculateTotalPagesFromTotalItems(); return query.Take(PageSize); } The IEnumerable<T> version simply  converts the IEnumerable to an IQuerable and calls back into this method for filtering. The DataTable version requires a little more work to manually parse and filter records (I didn’t want to add the Linq DataSetExtensions assembly just for this): /// <summary> /// Filters a data table for an ActivePage. /// /// Note: Modifies the data set permanently by remove DataRows /// </summary> /// <param name="dt">Full result DataTable</param> /// <param name="activePage">Page to display. 0 to use ActivePage property </param> /// <returns></returns> public DataTable FilterDataTable(DataTable dt, int activePage) { ActivePage = activePage < 1 ? ActivePage : activePage; if (ActivePage < 1) ActivePage = 1; TotalItems = dt.Rows.Count; if (TotalItems <= PageSize) { ActivePage = 1; TotalPages = 1; return dt; } int skip = ActivePage - 1; if (skip > 0) { for (int i = 0; i < skip * PageSize; i++ ) dt.Rows.RemoveAt(0); } while(dt.Rows.Count > PageSize) dt.Rows.RemoveAt(PageSize); return dt; } Using the Pager Control The pager as it is is a first cut I built a couple of weeks ago and since then have been tweaking a little as part of an internal project I’m working on. I’ve replaced a bunch of pagers on various older pages with this pager without any issues and have what now feels like a more consistent user interface where paging looks and feels the same across different controls. As a bonus I’m only loading the data from the database that I need to display a single page. With the preset class tags applied too adding a pager is now as easy as dropping the control and adding the style sheet for styling to be consistent – no fuss, no muss. Schweet. Hopefully some of you may find this as useful as I have or at least as a baseline to build ontop of… Resources The Pager is part of the West Wind Web & Ajax Toolkit Pager.cs Source Code (some toolkit dependencies) Westwind.css base stylesheet with .pager and .gridpager styles Pager Example Page © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in ASP.NET  

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  • Quick guide to Oracle IRM 11g: Creating your first sealed document

    - by Simon Thorpe
    Quick guide to Oracle IRM 11g indexThe previous articles in this guide have detailed how to install, configure and secure your Oracle IRM 11g service. This article walks you through the process of now creating your first context and securing a document against it. I should mention that it would be worth reviewing the following to ensure your installation is ready for that all important first document. Ensure you have correctly configured the keystore for the IRM wrapper keys. If this is not correctly configured, creating the context below will fail. Make sure the IRM server URL correctly resolves and uses the right protocol (HTTP or HTTPS) ContentsCreate the first contextInstall the Oracle IRM Desktop Seal your first document Create the first contextIn Oracle 11g there is a built in classification and rights system called the "standard rights model" which is based on 10 years of customer use cases and innovation. It is a system which enables IRM to scale massively whilst retaining the ability to balance security and usability and also separate duties by allowing contacts in the business to own classifications. The final article in this guide goes into detail on this inbuilt classification model, but for the purposes of this current article all we need to do is create at least one context to test our system out.With a new IRM server there are a set of predefined context templates and roles which again are setup in a way which reflects the most common use we've learned from our customers. We will use these out of the box configurations as they are to create the first context against which we will seal some content.First login to your Oracle IRM Management Website located at https://irm.company.com/irm_rights/. Currently the system is only configured to use the built in LDAP for users, so use the only account we have at the moment, which by default is weblogic. Once logged in switch to the Contexts tab. Click on the New Context icon () in the menu bar on the left. In the resulting dialog select the Standard context template and enter in a name for the context. Then just hit finish, the weblogic account will automatically be made the manager. You'll now see your brand new context ready for users to be assigned. Now click on the Assign Role icon () in the menu bar and in the resulting dialog search for your only user account, weblogic, and add to the list on the right. Now select a role for this user. Because we need to create a document with this user we must select contributor, as this is the only role which allows for the ability to seal. Finally hit next and then finish. We now have a context with a user that has the rights to create a document. The next step is to configure the IRM Desktop to get these rights from the server. Install the Oracle IRM Desktop Before we can seal a document we need the client software installed. Oracle IRM has a very small, lightweight client called the Oracle IRM Desktop which can be freely downloaded in 27 languages from here. Double click on the installer and click on next... Next again... And finally on install... Very easy. You may get a warning about closing Outlook, Word or another application and most of the time no reboots are required. Once it is installed you will see the IRM Desktop icon running in your tool tray, bottom right of the desktop. Seal your first document Finally the prize is within reach, creating your first sealed document. The server is running, we've got a context ready, a user assigned a role in the context but there is the simple and obvious hoop left to jump through. To seal a document we need to have the users rights cached to the local machine. For this to take place, the IRM Desktop needs to know where the Oracle IRM server is on the network so we can synchronize these rights and then be able to seal a document. The usual way for the IRM Desktop to know about the IRM server is it learns automatically when you open an existing piece of content that someone has sent you... ack. Bit of a chicken or the egg dilemma. The solution is to manually tell the IRM Desktop the location of the IRM Server and then force a synchronization of rights. Right click on the Oracle IRM Desktop icon in the system tray and select Options.... Then switch to the Servers tab in the resulting dialog. There are no servers in the list because you've never opened any content. This list is usually populated automatically but we are going to add a server manually, so click on New.... Into the dialog enter in the full URL to the IRM server. Note that this time you use the path /irm_desktop/ and not /irm_rights/. You can see an example from the image below. Click on the validate button and you'll be asked to authenticate. Enter in your weblogic username and password and also check the Remember my password check box. Click OK and the IRM Desktop will confirm a successful connection to the server. OK all the dialogs and we are ready to Synchronize this users rights to the desktop. Right click once more on the Oracle IRM Desktop icon in the system tray. Now the Synchronize menu option is available. Select this and the IRM Desktop will now talk to the IRM server, authenticate using your weblogic account and get your rights to the context we created. Because this is the first time this users has communicated with the IRM server the IRM Desktop presents a privacy policy dialog. This is a chance for the business to ask users to agree to any policy about the use of IRM before opening secured documents. In our guide we've not bothered to setup this URL so just click on the check box and hit Accept. The IRM Desktop will then talk to the server, get your rights and display a success dialog. Lets protect a documentNow we are ready to seal a piece of content. In my guide i'm going to protect a Microsoft Word document. This mean's I have to have copy of Office installed, in this guide i'm using Microsoft Office 2007. You could also seal a PDF document, you'll need to download and install Adobe Acrobat Reader. A very simple test could be to seal a GIF/JPG/PNG or piece of HTML because this is rendered using Internet Explorer. But as I say, i'm going to protect a Word document. The following example demonstrates choosing a file in Windows Explorer, there are many ways to seal a file and you can watch a few in this video.Open a copy of Windows Explorer and locate the file you wish to seal. Right click on the document and select Seal To -> Context You are now presented with the Select Context dialog. You'll now have a sealed copy of the document sat in the same location. Double click on this document and it will open, again using the credentials you've already provided. That is it, now you just need to add more users, more documents, more classifications and start exploring the different roles and experiment with different offline periods etc. You may wish to setup the server against an existing LDAP or Active Directory environment instead of using the built in WebLogic LDAP store. You can read how to use your corporate directory here. But before we finish this guide, there is one more article and arguably the most important article of all. Next I discuss the all important decision making surrounding the actually implementation of Oracle IRM inside your business. Who has rights to what? How do you map contexts to your existing business practices? It is the next article which actually ensures you deploy a successful IRM solution by looking at the business and understanding how they use your sensitive information and then configuring Oracle IRM to reflect their use.

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  • Parent Objects

    - by Ali Bahrami
    Support for Parent Objects was added in Solaris 11 Update 1. The following material is adapted from the PSARC arc case, and the Solaris Linker and Libraries Manual. A "plugin" is a shared object, usually loaded via dlopen(), that is used by a program in order to allow the end user to add functionality to the program. Examples of plugins include those used by web browsers (flash, acrobat, etc), as well as mdb and elfedit modules. The object that loads the plugin at runtime is called the "parent object". Unlike most object dependencies, the parent is not identified by name, but by its status as the object doing the load. Historically, building a good plugin is has been more complicated than it should be: A parent and its plugin usually share a 2-way dependency: The plugin provides one or more routines for the parent to call, and the parent supplies support routines for use by the plugin for things like memory allocation and error reporting. It is a best practice to build all objects, including plugins, with the -z defs option, in order to ensure that the object specifies all of its dependencies, and is self contained. However: The parent is usually an executable, which cannot be linked to via the usual library mechanisms provided by the link editor. Even if the parent is a shared object, which could be a normal library dependency to the plugin, it may be desirable to build plugins that can be used by more than one parent, in which case embedding a dependency NEEDED entry for one of the parents is undesirable. The usual way to build a high quality plugin with -z defs uses a special mapfile provided by the parent. This mapfile defines the parent routines, specifying the PARENT attribute (see example below). This works, but is inconvenient, and error prone. The symbol table in the parent already describes what it makes available to plugins — ideally the plugin would obtain that information directly rather than from a separate mapfile. The new -z parent option to ld allows a plugin to link to the parent and access the parent symbol table. This differs from a typical dependency: No NEEDED record is created. The relationship is recorded as a logical connection to the parent, rather than as an explicit object name However, it operates in the same manner as any other dependency in terms of making symbols available to the plugin. When the -z parent option is used, the link-editor records the basename of the parent object in the dynamic section, using the new tag DT_SUNW_PARENT. This is an informational tag, which is not used by the runtime linker to locate the parent, but which is available for diagnostic purposes. The ld(1) manpage documentation for the -z parent option is: -z parent=object Specifies a "parent object", which can be an executable or shared object, against which to link the output object. This option is typically used when creating "plugin" shared objects intended to be loaded by an executable at runtime via the dlopen() function. The symbol table from the parent object is used to satisfy references from the plugin object. The use of the -z parent option makes symbols from the object calling dlopen() available to the plugin. Example For this example, we use a main program, and a plugin. The parent provides a function named parent_callback() for the plugin to call. The plugin provides a function named plugin_func() to the parent: % cat main.c #include <stdio.h> #include <dlfcn.h> #include <link.h> void parent_callback(void) { printf("plugin_func() has called parent_callback()\n"); } int main(int argc, char **argv) { typedef void plugin_func_t(void); void *hdl; plugin_func_t *plugin_func; if (argc != 2) { fprintf(stderr, "usage: main plugin\n"); return (1); } if ((hdl = dlopen(argv[1], RTLD_LAZY)) == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "unable to load plugin: %s\n", dlerror()); return (1); } plugin_func = (plugin_func_t *) dlsym(hdl, "plugin_func"); if (plugin_func == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "unable to find plugin_func: %s\n", dlerror()); return (1); } (*plugin_func)(); return (0); } % cat plugin.c #include <stdio.h> extern void parent_callback(void); void plugin_func(void) { printf("parent has called plugin_func() from plugin.so\n"); parent_callback(); } Building this in the traditional manner, without -zdefs: % cc -o main main.c % cc -G -o plugin.so plugin.c % ./main ./plugin.so parent has called plugin_func() from plugin.so plugin_func() has called parent_callback() As noted above, when building any shared object, the -z defs option is recommended, in order to ensure that the object is self contained and specifies all of its dependencies. However, the use of -z defs prevents the plugin object from linking due to the unsatisfied symbol from the parent object: % cc -zdefs -G -o plugin.so plugin.c Undefined first referenced symbol in file parent_callback plugin.o ld: fatal: symbol referencing errors. No output written to plugin.so A mapfile can be used to specify to ld that the parent_callback symbol is supplied by the parent object. % cat plugin.mapfile $mapfile_version 2 SYMBOL_SCOPE { global: parent_callback { FLAGS = PARENT }; }; % cc -zdefs -Mplugin.mapfile -G -o plugin.so plugin.c However, the -z parent option to ld is the most direct solution to this problem, allowing the plugin to actually link against the parent object, and obtain the available symbols from it. An added benefit of using -z parent instead of a mapfile, is that the name of the parent object is recorded in the dynamic section of the plugin, and can be displayed by the file utility: % cc -zdefs -zparent=main -G -o plugin.so plugin.c % elfdump -d plugin.so | grep PARENT [0] SUNW_PARENT 0xcc main % file plugin.so plugin.so: ELF 32-bit LSB dynamic lib 80386 Version 1, parent main, dynamically linked, not stripped % ./main ./plugin.so parent has called plugin_func() from plugin.so plugin_func() has called parent_callback() We can also observe this in elfedit plugins on Solaris systems running Solaris 11 Update 1 or newer: % file /usr/lib/elfedit/dyn.so /usr/lib/elfedit/dyn.so: ELF 32-bit LSB dynamic lib 80386 Version 1, parent elfedit, dynamically linked, not stripped, no debugging information available Related Other Work The GNU ld has an option named --just-symbols that can be used in a similar manner: --just-symbols=filename Read symbol names and their addresses from filename, but do not relocate it or include it in the output. This allows your output file to refer symbolically to absolute locations of memory defined in other programs. You may use this option more than once. -z parent is a higher level operation aimed specifically at simplifying the construction of high quality plugins. Although it employs the same operation, it differs from --just symbols in 2 significant ways: There can only be one parent. The parent is recorded in the created object, and can be displayed by 'file', or other similar tools.

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