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  • NVRAM for journals on Linux?

    - by symcbean
    I've been thinking about ways of speeding up disk I/O, and one of the bottlenecks I keep coming back to is the journal. There's an obvious benefit to using an SSD for the journal - over and above just write caching unless of course I just disable the journal with the write cache (after all devicemapper doesn't seem to support barriers). In order to get the benefits from using a BB write cache on the controller, then I'd need to disable journalling - but then the OS should try to fsck the system after an outage. Of course if the OS knows what's in the batter-backed memory then it could use it as the journal - but that means it must be exposed as a block device and only be under the control of the operating system. However I've not been able to find a suitable low-cost device (no, write-levelling for Flash is not adequate for a journal, at least one which uses Smartmedia). While there's no end of flash devices, disk/array controllers with BB write caches, so far I've not found anything which just gives me non-volatile memory addressable as a block storage device.

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  • Automatically encrypting incoming email

    - by user16067
    I have a small website and would like to encrypt incoming email using gpg. Is there a way to force sendmail to check email and encrypt it if its not already encrypted? I'm using GPG on a linux server. Thanks [added]Someone asked what I hope to accomplish. My intent is for the users of the email to become more familiar with seeing thier own email encrypted and losing that fear of the unknown. The side benefit is that the email can't be looked at later down the road. If the email isn't encrypted on its way in, I'm unable to do anything about it. I'm assuming most email would be nosed around with once its already on my hard drive, so GPG would protect against those issues.

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  • DKIM for email through Google Apps domain with external outbound relay

    - by David Gardiner
    I'd like to enable the new Domain Keys DKIM email authentication feature for a domain hosted in Google Apps. Some of my users use an external SMTP gateway (such that when they send email, it doesn't go through smtp.gmail.com). I have an SPF record configured for the domain, and this allows the external SMTP gateways as valid SMTP hosts. (I realise SPF is different to DKIM) Will enabling DKIM adversely affect the external gateway email? eg. Are the externally sent emails at risk of being marked as spam because they would not have the DKIM signature, or will DKIM only positively benefit emails sent through Google's SMTP server?

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  • Windows replacement for HAProxy

    - by GrayWizardx
    It does not appear that there is a similar question to this already posted, so I will go ahead and ask. I am working on a project that could benefit from having two - four servers handling incoming requests to a backend webservice. The service does not require SSL but does need to support occassional long running processes (upto 120 secs). This project does not at present have the funding to purchase a hardware load balancing solution. I have previously used HAProxy as a solution for this, and found it very simple and straightforward. Is there a similar product for windows (server 2003 or 2008) which provides similar configuration options and runs as a lightweight service? For reasons outside my control I cannot setup a Linux machine (physical or virtual) and so I am looking for behaviour that can be deployed on a windows machine. I can only find Perlbal which appears to fall into this category. So as not to keep this open indifenitely I will give credit to the only answer.

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  • Can a 32-bit RHEL4 userland work with a 64-bit kernel?

    - by James
    Is there a way to change an i386 RHEL4 machine to run an amd64 kernel, but ensure that it still builds software into same i386 binaries? On Debian this seems quite straightforward: just install an amd64 kernel (worst case, build one like this guy: http://www.debian-administration.org/users/jonesy/weblog/1) and prefix everything with "linux32". Then everything that considers uname -m will be unchanged, I just need to handle the few cases that consider uname -r. What is the Red Hat equivalent? Is the only way a full 64-bit installation on another disk and then chrooting back to the 32-bit system before anyone builds anything? (Even the best examples of that seem to be Debian-based.) Background: We make a large system that runs on (a variant of) i386 RHEL4. However, some of the larger RHEL build machines now have enough RAM that they might benefit from going 64-bit (for the kernel and maybe some of the bigger build steps). Our build system doesn't support cross-compilation.

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  • Is there a point to using theft tracking software like Prey on my laptop, if you have login security?

    - by Reckage
    Hey, so I have a Thinkpad that I use in a variety of places (coffee shops, work, etc.). I don't generally abandon it, but I figure there's a chance I might get careless and it gets stolen at some point. I was thinking of installing something like Prey (http://preyproject.com/), but my OS installs are password secured, and on top of that, I have a fingerprint reader that you need just to get through the BIOS. So: is there actually any benefit to setting up software that tracks the laptop's whereabouts? I imagine that either: The laptop won't boot or login, if the thief doesn't get past the security. If the thief goes around said security somehow, presumably they've split the laptop for parts or bypassed BIOS security, gotten stuck on Windows security and formatted it. Given that it's highly unlikely that the thief would go to the trouble, what's the utility in installing laptop tracking software like Prey?

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  • Currently well suited SATA2-SSDs for Laptop usage

    - by danilo
    I am looking for a solid state drive for my laptop. My dillemma: I have been waiting for the new Intel SSDs since Q3/2010, as I've heard they should be better and cheaper, due to lower memory manufacturing costs. Now it looks like the new Intel drives are very fast, but still expensive. I would still buy one of them if I could benefit from the full speed. My hardware only has a SATA-2 port though. Thus, my question: Is it worthwhile to buy one of those new Intel SSDs made for SATA-3 if I won't be able to use the full speed? Are there any other promising new SSDs that will be released soon? (Inside the next 1-2 months) If I wouldn't make a good deal buying the newer, faster drives, what drives can you recommend? I don't consider this question subjective, as I am mainly looking for answers concerning the SATA-2/SATA-3 conflict.

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  • How do I get the last value of a column in an Excel spreadsheet?

    - by Chris
    In column A, I have dates. In column B, I have my body weight logged for the day. I add one row to each every day when I weigh myself, so this means the data is sorted by date ascending. The weights, of course, fluctuate (though it would be nice if they would go down every day for my own personal benefit). For a couple of calculations, I want to get the latest (or last) weight entered in column B. Not the max or the min, but the last one entered in the column. I want it to work no many how many rows I enter. I use Excel 2007, if that ends up mattering.

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  • Software/FakeRAID: Windows 8 Disk Mirroring vs Intel Onboard

    - by Johnny W
    So Windows 8 is out and I have a new motherboard. I wish to create a RAID 1 coupling between two HDDs -- for storage purposes only (my OS is on an SSD) -- but I don't know which is the best route to take. My motherboard (Z77 chipset) comes with the age old Intel Fake RAID, but since I only wish to use my RAID for storage, I wondered if I might be better to use Windows 8 Disk Mirroring. Can anyone advise which is better? Or perhaps the pros and cons of each, if that's too contentious? I just can't see the benefit of FakeRAID. You can see my current setup here, if that might change things(?): Thanks!

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  • As a small business about to overhaul infrastructure and go virtual, how can we take advantage of all the features of the QNAP TS-439 Pro II+?

    - by Sally
    Specifically, how can we benefit from these current list of features? We're very new to this and I want to be able to talk intelligently to our IT consultant. VMware Ready Citrix Ready Built-in iSCSI target service Virtual Disk Drive (via iSCSI Initiator) Remote Replication Multi-LUN per Target LUN Mapping & LUN Masking Support SPC-3 Persistent Reservation Support What other products should we compare this QNAP to? I appreciate how informative the site is, but they only seem to sell their products through a small number of channels. Is QNAP well known? TIA!

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  • Using different SSDs types (not only SATA based) as system drive

    - by Hubert Kario
    Currently I have a Thinkpad X61s and want to make it both a bit faster and a bit more power efficient. For that reason I thought that adding SSD drive would make most sense. Unfortunately, because of financial reasons, buying SSD of over 200GB capacity is out of reach for me (not only it would be worth more than the rest of the laptop, but also I currently have a 500GB drive in it, so even such a drive would be kind of a downgrade for me). During preliminary testing with a cheap Transcend 4GB Class 6 (14MiB/s streaming, 9MiB/s random read) card I experienced boot times to be reduced by half so putting the OS only on it would already would be an improvement. Unfortunately, my system now is about 11GiB in size so anything less than 16GB would be constraining. In this laptop I can connect additional drives on at least 5 different ways: using SATA-ATA converter caddy in the X6 Ultrabase using internal mini PCIe slot using integrated SDHC slot using CardBus (a.k.a PCMCIA or PC Card) slot using USB Thankfully, because I use only Linux on this PC the bootability of them is irrelevant as I can put the /boot partition on internal HDD and / on any of the above mentioned Flash memories (as I already did for the SDHC test). From what I was able to research and from my own experience those options come with rather big downsides or other problems: SATA-ATA caddy It has three downsides: I have to carry the Ultrabse with me at all times (it's not really inconvenient, but those grams do add) and couldn't disconnect it when I want to disconnect the battery It makes the bay unusable for the optical drive and occasional quick access to other hard drives the only caddies I could buy have rather flaky controllers in them so putting my OS on it would hamper its stability Internal mini PCIe slot This would be an ideal solution, if only I could find real PCIe SSDs, not only devices that could talk only SATA or ATA over PCIe mechanical connection (the ones used in Dell Mini or Asus EEE). Theoretically Samsung did release such devices but I couldn't find them in retail anywhere. Integrated SDHC slot It's a nice solution with a single drawback: the fastest 16GB SDHC card on the market can only do around 35MiB/s read and 15MiB/s write while still costing like a normal 40GB SATA SSD that's 10 times faster. Not really cost-effective. CardBus (a.k.a PCMCIA or PC Card) slot Those cards are much faster than the SDHC option (there are ones that can do well over 50MiB/s read in benchmarks) and from what I could find the PCMCIA controller in my laptop does support UDMA so it should be able to deliver comparable speeds. They still cost similarly to SD cards but at least they provide streaming performance comparable to my current HDD. USB That's the worst option. Not only is it limited to 20-30MiB/s by the interface itself the drive would stick out of the laptop so it's a big no no. The question As such I think that going the "CF in a CardBus adapter" route will be the best option. My question is: did anyone try using CF cards in CardBus adapters as system drives with Linux on Thinkpad laptops? Laptops in general? What was the real-world performance? I don't have any CF cards so I can't check how well does it work with suspend/resume, or whatever it's easy to make it work in initramfs (I'm using ArchLinux and SD card was trivial — add 3 modules in single config line and rebuilding initramfs) so any tips/gotchas on this are welcome as well.

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  • USB sector 0 not fount Kingston USB DT100 G2

    - by java
    Windows constantly asks me "Foramt Disk". when i go to command prompt and type format H: /fs:ntfs or format H: /fs:fat32 response: Cannot determine the number of sectors on this volume. if the benefit DISKPART detail disk Kingston DT 100 G2 USB Device Disk ID: 00000000 Type : USB Status : Online Path : 0 Target : 0 LUN ID : 0 Location Path : UNAVAILABLE Current Read-only State : No Read-only : No Boot Disk : No Pagefile Disk : No Hibernation File Disk : No Crashdump Disk : No Clustered Disk : No DISKPART detail volume Read-only : No Hidden : No No Default Drive Letter: No Shadow Copy : No Offline : No BitLocker Encrypted : No Installable : No Volume Capacity : 0 B Volume Free Space : 0 B what the problem?

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  • Internet Explorer 8 only running as process not application

    - by Lord Peter
    Internet Explorer 8 on XP SP3 starts without browser window. Task manager doesn't show application, but iexplore.exe is listed twice in process window. Process Explorer reports "no visible windows found for this process" when I try to "bring to front" in the iexplore.exe properties dialog. Have reinstalled (twice), full scanned with MBAM/MSSE/SpyBot etc, re-registered ieproxy.dll (another Google-inspired tip!), run without addons (-extoff switch), and still same problem. Recently uninstalled VMWare Player and wondered whether problem related to VM network adapter somehow, but Firefox still works perfectly. This is one of my home machines, not critical, and it is backed up, so I will restore if I have to. But any and all suggestions will be gratefully received. It would be nice to understand what might have happened, and perhaps others may benefit from any knowledge that comes to light.

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  • Sharepoint 2010 web front end servers and services configuration

    - by Yash
    I have a sharepoint insfrastructure where a document library is made available both locally and on the internet. I have a few web front end servers facing the public (in the DMZ) while having another set inside the secured network for internal use. I also have an application server for sharepoint services inside the secured network. My goal is to configure sharepoint in such a way that the sharepoint services are available only locally and not via the internet. The users accessing the system online should not benefit of the sharepoint services. Is this possible on the same farm?

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  • Behaviour of nginx as proxy

    - by HD
    I'm testing nginx with different configurations to replace an architecture working with squid + apache. I know that I can use nginx to manage static requests and load balancing but I'm interested in one particular solution that I don't understand clearly: I'm using 2 nginx servers (balanced) with the proxy_pass setting to pass all requests to an apache server. When one client makes a request to the site one of the nginx servers process it and send it to the apache server. Now, how this behaviour could be an improvement to my system?, it seems that all requests are passing through apache and I don't see benefit at all. What happens when 100 simultaneous connections pass through nginx? The 100 connections will be going to the apache server or is some kind of internal behaviour that allows an small impact into apache?

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  • Looking for a central image database and tagging system for a group of users

    - by jstarek
    I'm doing IT support for a small volunteer organisation who needs to centrally store and organize around 2500 photos. Can anyone here recommend a database or similar system which matches the following criteria: Intuitive to use for users with little computer experience Multi-user support, ideally with integration in our existing LDAP user directory Should have a web-interface Not a hosted solution like Picasa (because we have a rather slow internet connection with very slow upload) Should allow tagging of images, sorting by various criteria and storing copyright information If there are native GNOME and/or Windows clients for the tool, that would be a great benefit. Many thanks in advance!

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  • How to decide the optimal number of ruby thin/mongrel instances for a server, number of cores?

    - by Amala
    We are trying to deploy mongrel instances on a machine. What is the optimal number of mongrel instances for a server? Since an instance can handle concurrent connections, I do not see any benefit in starting more than 1 per core. Any more than that and the threads will just fight for CPU. Our predecessors have assigned 10 instances for 4 cores, but I think it will just cause CPU contention. Any definitive answers / opinions? I have seen this question: How many mongrel instances? But it is really not specific enough.

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  • Prevalence of WMI enabled in real Windows Server networks

    - by TripleAntigen
    Hi I would like to get opinions from systems administrators, on how common it is that WMI functionality is actually enabled in corporate networks. I am writing an enterprise network application that could benefit from the features of WMI, but I noted after creating a virtual network based on Server 2008 R2, that WMI seems to be disabled by default. Do systems admins in practical corporate networks enable WMI? Or is it usually disabled for security purposes? What is it used for if it is enabled? Thanks for any advice! MORE INFO: I should have said, I really need to be able to query the workstations but I understand that by default the WMI ports on Win7 and XP firewalls (at least) are disallowed, so do you use some sort of group policy or other method to leave a hole open for WMI on the workstations? Or is just the servers that are of interest? Thanks for the responses!!

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  • startup cassandra layout

    - by davidkomer
    We've got a relatively low-traffic site (~1K pageviews/day) hosted on a single server, and expect it to grow significantly over the next few years. I'm thinking of moving over to Rackspace CloudServer or EC2 and firing up 3 nodes (all on CentOS): 2 x Web (Apache) - with loadbalancer 1 x MySQL (for the Wordpress powered part) The question is where to put Cassandra right now... Should it sit on each Web node, or the MySQL node? My thought right now is to put it on Web nodes. It's my understanding that Cassandra has the benefits of fault-tolerance (i.e. if we take a node down, the site is still operational). So even with only 2 nodes, we'd have that benefit as opposed to just putting it on the MySQL node. Also, as we scale up and add another node, a cassandra instance can come along with it and the php can always run its queries on localhost. Is this a good idea?

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  • Are there any benefits to using a Distributed vSwitch for iSCSI?

    - by dunxd
    I am designing our vSphere farm - we'll be migrating from ESX 3.5 to 4.1. I plan to set up a new farm using ESXi 4.1, and move the Virtual Machines on the 3.5 farm into it by shutdown, then import. In ESX 3.5 there is no distributed networking, so each host has a vSwitch connected to my SAN NICs, and a port group for the vmkernel. In vSphere (ESXi 4.1) I have the extra option to set up a distributed vSwitch and distributed port groups for vmkernel to access iSCSI storage. Is there any benefit to this, or should I stick to non-distributed networking for iSCSI.

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  • What applications is NTFS preferable for? [closed]

    - by javano
    When building a new server I prefer to deploy Linux as my OS of choice. This gives me the luxury of being able to choose from various file systems (amongst other aspects), and I will choose a different FS for different servers, depending on what they will be used for. With Windows OS variants you can only use NTFS. Have any benchmarks or tests been performed that have shown NTFS to be a preferable choice for a given scenario or application (apart from just "running Windows" because it has to be on NTFS). To clarify what I mean; I might use filesystem X for large transactional storage volumes, but filesystem Y for front end web app servers. If I had a multi-platform application to deploy that (let's pretend) was available on Mac/Win/Lin, is there any type of application or scenario that would benefit from being on NTFS?

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  • How to configure Nginx to serve a variety of back-ends via multiple FCGI processes?

    - by Ben Horton
    I've seen a lot of tutorials showing one how to set up PHP/Python/Perl/RoR on nginx via various FCGI processes. None of the tutorials that I found show one how to serve multiple FCGI services off one server. How would one configure the stable nginx (nginx-0.7.64) to serve multiple FCGI processes (one for each of the above languages)? Example addresses for each FCGI process are as follows: 127.0.0.1:8080 - PHP 127.0.0.1:8081 - Python 127.0.0.1:8082 - Perl 127.0.0.1:8083 - Ruby on Rails An example configuration file that shows one how to implement multiple FCGI's off one server is really what I need. Perhaps others will benefit as well.

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  • Web & SQL Hosting 32 vs. 16 GB of ram

    - by TravisK
    I'm in the market for a new dedicated host for my website. My question is I can pay more to upgrade to 32GB of RAM, but it seems overkill for my website right now, in fact, 16GB seems a little overkill. However, I run a lot of pretty intense full text searches for my site. I'm wondering if SQL Server would benefit, or could it be configured to use the 32 GB of RAM if I purchase the additional to help speed things up? I am assuming that most of my latency is caused by disk I/O and that for the extra money spent on RAM, I might not see any improvement in overall speed?

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  • SSD on Vmware ESXI 4 (TRIM? Good Idea?)

    - by nextgenneo
    Hi, I just posted about finding bottle necks and have narrowed it down to having way too many VMs on my machine on one 15K SAS drive. I have plenty of cores and plenty of ram. So I am planning on putting 6 VMs on one drive (so 5 drives for 30 VMs). I am thinking of using a 60GB Vertex 2 SSD. Each of my VMs will only need about 6GB of HDD space so this isn't a big deal. My questions are: does ESXI support Trim and do I really need it if I leave 25% of the drive as free space? If I need it should I get a diff drive that handles garbage collection differently? I have a RAID controller w/ write caching. I will still benefit from this? Will this effect my setup differently? Is there anything I need to consider regarding SSD's in virtualized environments. Thanks for any and all help!

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  • What to do with old hard drives?

    - by caliban
    I have over 100+ old hard drives, ranging from 100MB Quantums to 200GB WDs, most of them PATA, some SATA. Most still working. The squirrel mentality runs in my family - hoard everything, discard nothing. Thus, and this is a relevant question - any suggestions on how to put these drives to use (anything) instead of them just being deadweights and space takers around the office? Hopeful objectives and suggestions to keep in mind when you post an answer : Should showcase your geekiness, or plain fun, or serve a social purpose, or benefit the community. You do not need to limit your answer to only one hard drive - if your project needs all 100++, bring it on! Your answer need not be limited to one project per hard drive - if one hard drive can be used for multiple projects, bring it on! If additional accessories need be purchased, make sure they are common. Don't tell me to get a moon rock or something. The projects you suggested should serve a utility, and not just for decoration purposes.

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