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  • Why and when should I make a class 'static'? What is the purpose of 'static' keyword on classes?

    - by Saeed Neamati
    The static keyword on a member in many languages mean that you shouldn't create an instance of that class to be able to have access to that member. However, I don't see any justification to make an entire class static. Why and when should I make a class static? What benefits do I get from making a class static? I mean, after declaring a static class, one should still declare all members which he/she wants to have access to without instantiation, as static too. This means that for example, Math class could be declared normal (not static), without affecting how developers code. In other words, making a class static or normal is kind of transparent to developers.

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  • Web development starting a career [closed]

    - by user985482
    Hi I am in the 3rd and last year at college of informatics and I am interested to follow a career in web development when I finish(2 more months). From what I understand this days to get hired you need to be able to know a variety of technologies at least that is the case in Romania.Most of the jobs I have seen even at entry level asks you to know the following: HTML/CSS Javascript , a framework preferable jQuery , Ajax a server side language in my case PHP and a framework SQL and an RDBMS in my case MySql a CMS in my case Wordpress My question is how well should me or anyone looking to get hired as a web developer for there first job should we know this technologies in order to get hired and what else should we aim to learn to have a better chance of getting hired. I don't know if the question is right for this forum but I believe that this could help many of the students and anyone who is taking an interest in web development to know what they should expect from there employers when they try to find work.

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  • when to introduce an application services tier in an n-tier application

    - by user20358
    I am developing a web based application whose primary objective is to fetch data from the database, display it on the UI, take in user inputs and write them back to the database. The application is not going to be doing any industrial strength algorithm crunching, but will be receiving a very high number of hits at peak times (described below) which will be changing thru the day. The layers are your typical Presentation, Business, Data. The data layer is taken care of by the database server. The business layer will contain the DAL component to access the database server over tcp. The choices I have to separate these layers into tiers are: The presentation and business layers can be either kept on the same tier. The presentation layer on a separate tier by itself and the business layer on a separate tier by itself. In the case of choice 2, the business layer will be accessed by the presentation layer using a WCF service either over http or tcp. I don't see any heavy processing being done on the Business layer, so I am leaning towards option 1 above. I also feel for the same reason, adding a new tier will only introduce the network latency. However, in terms of scalability in case I need to scale up or scale out, which is a better way to go? This application will need to be able to support up to 6 million users an hour. There will be a reasonable amount of data in each user session, storing user's preferences and other details. I will be using page level caching as well.

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  • Ms Build publishing vs Visual Studio IDE publishing

    - by reggie
    I am currently working on ms build to publish my winform application based on the environment selected (Dev or Prod). I am using Ms Build Community Task and referencing this article to achieve this purpose. I had a few theoretical doubts based on publishing application. 1) Is there any difference in publishing through the visual studio ide and msbuild? 2) What do most developers prefer to use and why? 3) What are the advantages of using MsBuild to publish an application as compared to publishing through the visual studio IDE? 4) What is faster? I am using a .net 3.5 winform application developed in Csharp and my question is pertaining to clickonce windows applications only. Please help me clear these doubts

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  • WCF and Service Registry

    - by TK Lee
    I am about to build some WCF Services. Those services need to communicate to each others too, in some scenarios. I've done some "Google-ing" about Service Registry but can't figure out how to implement service registry with WCF; is there any other alternate? Is there any Microsoft technology available for Service Registry? I'm new to SOA and I will really appreciate any help or guidance (what and where should I exactly look for registry services).

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  • Is it reasonable to expect knowing the whole stack bottom up?

    - by Vaibhav Garg
    I am an Sr. developer/architect/Product Manager for embedded systems. The systems that I have had experience with have typically been small to medium size codebases - typically close to 25-30K LOC in C, using 8-16 and 32 bit low end microcontrollers. The systems have been entirely bootstrapped by our team - meaning right from the start-up code to the end application code has either been written by the team, or at the very least, is thoroughly understood and maintained by us. Now, if we were to start developing more complex systems with complex peripherals, such as USB OTG et al. (think, low end cell phones), there are libraries and stacks available commercially and from chip vendors that reduce the task to just calling the right APIs and being able to use those peripherals. Now, from a habit point of view, this does not give me and the team a comfortable feeling, not being able to comprehend the entire code tree, with virtual black boxes at the lower layers. Is it reasonable to devote, and reserve, time getting into the details of how the APIs are implemented, assuming that the same would also entail getting into details of relevant standards (again, for USB as an example)? Or, alternatively, should a thorough understanding of the top level usage of the APIs be sufficient? This of course assumes that the source codes to all libraries are available, which they are, in almost all cases. Edit: In partial response to @Abhi Beckert, the documentation is refreshingly very comprehensive and meticulously maintained, AFAIK and been able to judge. I have not had a long experience with the same.

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  • How do you approach database design?

    - by bron
    I am primarily a web developer and I have a couple of personal projects which I want to kick off. One thing that is bugging me is database design. I have gone through in school db normalization and stuff like that but it has been a couple of years ago and I have never had experience with relational database design except for school. So how you do you approach database from a web app perspective? How do you begin and what do you look out for? What are flags for caution?

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  • Data structure: sort and search effectively

    - by Jiten Shah
    I need to have a data structure with say 4 keys . I can sort on any of these keys. What data structure can I opt for? Sorting time should be very little. I thought of a tree, but it will be only help searching on one key. For other keys I'll have to remake the tree on that particular key and then find it. Is there any data structure that can take care of all 4 keys at the same time? these 4 fields are of total 12 bytes and total size for each record - 40 bytes.. have memory constraints too... operations are : insertion, deletion, sorting on different keys.

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  • Securing iOS or Android Backend API

    - by El Guapo
    I have an application that I am writing for both iOS and Android; this application will be served by a ReSTFUL API running on a cluster of servers on "the internets". I am curious how the rest of the world is going about securing their APIs so only specific applications running on iOS or Android can use these APIs. I could go the same route as other OAuth providers by providing a key/secret combination (2-legged OAuth), however, what do I do if I ever have to change these keys??? Do I create a new key/secret for every person that downloads the app???

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  • Web workflow solution - how should I approach the design?

    - by Tom Pickles
    We've been tasked with creating a web based workflow tool to track change management. It has a single workflow with multiple synchronous tasks for the most part, but branch out at a point to tasks running in parallel which meet up later on. There will be all sorts of people using the application, and all of them will need to see their outstanding tasks for each change, but only theirs, not others. There will also be a high level group of people who oversee all changes, so need to see everything. They will need to see tasks which have not been done in the specified time, who's responsible etc. The data will be persisted to a SQL database. It'll all be put together using .Net. I've been trying to learn and implement OOP into my designs of late, but I'm wondering if this is moot in this instance as it may be better to have the business logic for this in stored procedures in the DB. I could use POCO's, a front end layer and a data access layer for the web application and just use it as a mechanism for CRUD actions on the DB, then use SP's fired in the DB to apply the business rules. On the other hand, I could use an object oriented design within the web app, but as the data in the app is state-less, is this a bad idea? I could try and model out the whole application into a class structure, implementing interfaces, base classes and all that good stuff. So I would create a change class, which contained a list of task classes/types, which defined each task, and implement an ITask interface etc. Put end-user types into the tasks to identify who should be doing what task. Then apply all the business logic in the respective class methods etc. What approach do you guys think I should be using for this solution?

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  • What are must have tools for web development?

    - by Amir Rezaei
    Which are must have tools for web development under windows? It can include tools such as design, coding etc. Update: Please post only one and the best tool in your opinion for each type of tools. For instance post only the name of the best design tool and not a list of them. Update: By tools I don't necessary mean small softwares. I didn't find this question, hope no one has already asked it.

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  • How can I make my FireFox Browser AddOn Backwards Compatible?

    - by bwheeler96
    I'm making a firefox browser add-on, and I just got all of the code working fine, but it will only install in FireFox 16, and I want it to be compatible at least from 10+, has anyone dealt with this issue? I have my package.json pointing to my install.rdf, and my install.rdf clearly states target applications. Is there any additional setup I need? here is my package.json { "name": "firefox-ext", "license": "MPL 2.0", "author": "", "version": "0.1", "fullName": "firefox-ext", "id": "jid1-AMCw25iQJof53w", "description": "a basic add-on" } and here is my install.rdf. <?xml version="1.0"?> <RDF xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:em="http://www.mozilla.org/2004/em-rdf#"> <Description about="urn:mozilla:install-manifest"> <em:id>jid1-AMCw25iQJof53w</em:id> <em:name>Generic App</em:name> <em:version>1.0</em:version> <em:type>2</em:type> <em:creator>Brian Wheeler</em:creator> <em:description>Good Stuff</em:description> <em:targetApplication> <Description> <em:id>{ec8030f7-c20a-464f-9b0e-13a3a9e97384}</em:id> <em:minVersion>1.0</em:minVersion> <em:maxVersion>19.0</em:maxVersion> </Description> </em:targetApplication> </Description> </RDF> I'm using the CFX CLI Tools to make this, so everything has been built and tested with cfx init, cfx run, and cfx xpi I just can't figure out compatibility with anything other than 16. Also, major bonus points if someone could explain the advantages of a rapid release cycle, because it really seems to have shot 3rd party Mozilla developers in the foot in terms of software compatibility. Thanks, -Brian

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  • Visual Studio 2013 - Express for Web vs Professional [duplicate]

    - by TimS
    This question already has an answer here: Visual Studio 2012 - Express vs Professional 2 answers What are the main differences and limitations between Visual Studio 2013 Express and Visual Studio 2013 Professional? I'm specifically interested in information related to the Web edition. I need to be able to develop ASP.Net applications, Windows Services and console applications - not Desktop or Phone apps. Microsoft seems to hide this information well and I can only seem to find information relating to 2012 products and earlier.

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  • CPU Architecture and floating-point math

    - by Jo-Herman Haugholt
    I'm trying to wrap my head around some details about how floating point math is performed on the CPU, trying to better understand what data types to use etc. I think I have a fairly good understanding of how integer math is performed. If I've understood correctly, and disregarding SIMD, a 32-bit CPU will generally perform integer math at at least 32-bit precision etc. Is it correct that floating-point math is dependent on the presence of a FPU? And that the FPU on the x86 is 80-bit, so floating point math is performed at this precision unless using SIMD? What about ARM?

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  • Is there a Javascript library for creating vintage photos?

    - by Nguyen Thanh Tu
    I'm working on a Canvas object in HTML5, and I am attempting to make some photos look "better". I tried VintageJS, an existing photo-retouching Javascript library, and Picozu, a web application cloning some Adobe Photoshop functionalities, but I'm still not happy. Can you help me with an algorithm or point to an existing Javascript library that would allow me to make my photos look like the following example? http://i46.photobucket.com/albums/f137/thanhtu_zx/Untitled-1.jpg

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  • Advice on SCRUM for the solitary developer [closed]

    - by ProfK
    Possible Duplicate: Agile for the Solo Developer I am looking for advice on the SCRUM process for a solitary developer. Most SCRUM resources I see focus on its use in a team environment, hence my question here. I'd like some guidance on structuring and managing my projects for SCRUM, with me as a solitary developer and business owner, but still occasionally including my clients for input and feedback. Areas I'm not clear on include resolving my backlog into 'sprintable' project areas and stories, defining user stories properly with a view to being digested by developer level users, defining feasible sprints for a single developer etc. Essentially I'm looking for advice on moving from using scrum in a team/office environment, with colleagues and project manager, and using chaos/cowboy-coding on my own, to assuming the role of PM myself and adopting scrum for work on my own. Any advice is welcome.

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  • Is there a "golden ratio" in coding?

    - by badallen
    My coworkers and I often come up with silly ideas such as adding entries to Urban Dictionary that are inappropriate but completely make sense if you are a developer. Or making rap songs that are about delegates, reflections or closures in JS... Anyhow, here is what I brought up this afternoon which was immediately dismissed to be a stupid idea. So I want to see if I can get redemptions here. My idea is coming up with a Golden Ratio (or in the neighborhood of) between the number of classes per project versus the number of methods/functions per class versus the number of lines per method/function. I know this is silly and borderline, if not completely, useless, but just think of all the legacy methods or classes you have encountered that are absolutely horrid - like methods with 10000 lines or classes with 10000 methods. So Golden Ratio, anyone? :)

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  • Why is design by contract considered an alternative to the pseudo programming process?

    - by zoopp
    Right now I'm reading Code Complete by Steve McConnell and in chapter 9 he talks about the Pseudo Programming Process (PPP). From what I've understood, the PPP is a way of programming in which the programmer first writes the pseudo code for the routine he's working on, then refines it up to the point where pretty much each pseudo code line can be implemented in 1-3 lines of code, then writes the code in the designated programming language and finally the pseudo code is saved as comments for the purpose of documenting the routine. In chapter 9.4 the author mentions alternatives to the PPP, one of which is 'design by contract'. In design by contract you basically assert preconditions and postconditions of each routine. Now why would that be considered an alternative? To me it seems obvious that I should use both techniques at the same time and not chose one over the other.

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  • Windows.Threading.Dispatcher' does not contain a definition for 'RunAsync' and no extension method 'RunAsync' accepting a first argument of type

    - by suhail mehdi
    public MainPage() { InitializeComponent(); offline.Visibility = (Network.IsConnected ? Visibility.Collapsed : Visibility.Visible); Network.InternetConnectionChanged += async (s, e) => { await Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () => { offline.Visibility = (e.IsConnected ? Visibility.Collapsed : Visibility.Visible); }); }; }

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  • Where to draw the line between development-led security and administration-led security?

    - by haylem
    There are cases where you have the opportunity, as a developer, to enforce stricter security features and protections on a software, though they could very well be managed at an environmental level (ie, the operating system would take care of it). Where would you say you draw the line, and what elements do you factor in your decision? Concrete Examples User Management is the OS's responsibility Not exactly meant as a security feature, but in a similar case Google Chrome used to not allow separate profiles. The invoked reason (though it now supports multiple profiles for a same OS user) used to be that user management was the operating system's responsibility. Disabling Web-Form Fields A recurrent request I see addressed online is to have auto-completion be disabled on form fields. Auto-completion didn't exist in old browsers, and was a welcome feature at the time it was introduced for people who needed to fill in forms often. But it also brought in some security concerns, and so some browsers started to implement, on top of the (obviously needed) setting in their own preference/customization panel, an autocomplete attribute for form or input fields. And this has now been introduced into the upcoming HTML5 standard. For browsers who do not listen to this attribute, strange hacks *\ are offered, like generating unique IDs and names for fields to avoid them from being suggested in future forms (which comes with another herd of issues, like polluting your local auto-fill cache and not preventing a password from being stored in it, but instead probably duplicating its occurences). In this particular case, and others, I'd argue that this is a user setting and that it's the user's desire and the user's responsibility to enable or disable auto-fill (by disabling the feature altogether). And if it is based on an internal policy and security requirement in a corporate environment, then substitute the user for the administrator in the above. I assume it could be counter-argued that the user may want to access non-critical applications (or sites) with this handy feature enabled, and critical applications with this feature disabled. But then I'd think that's what security zones are for (in some browsers), or the sign that you need a more secure (and dedicated) environment / account to use these applications. * I obviously don't deny the ingenuity of the people who were forced to find workarounds, just the necessity of said workarounds. Questions That was a tad long-winded, so I guess my questions are: Would you in general consider it to be the application's (hence, the developer's) responsiblity? Where do you draw the line, if not in the "general" case?

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  • Why did Embarcadero make me sign a waiver?

    - by Peter Turner
    Just signed in to the Embarcadero Developer Network and got this: EXPORT CONTROLS ON EMBARCADERO SOFTWARE Your EDN membership and access to Embarcadero Software is subject to your agreement to and compliance with the following terms: -You agree that U.S. export control laws govern your use of the Embarcadero Software. -You are not a citizen, national, or resident of, and are not under control of, the government of Cuba, Iran, Sudan, North Korea, Syria, nor any country to which the United States has embargoed or prohibited export. -You will not provide or export Embarcadero Software, directly or indirectly, to the above mentioned countries nor to citizens, nationals or residents of those countries. -You are not listed on the United States Department of Treasury lists of Specially Designated Nationals, Specially Designated Terrorists, and Specially Designated Narcotic Traffickers, nor are you listed on the United States Department of Commerce Table of Denial Orders. -You will not provide or export the Embarcadero Software, directly or indirectly, to persons on the above mentioned lists. -You will not use the Embarcadero Software for, and will not allow the Embarcadero Software to be used for, any purposes prohibited by United States law, including for the development, design, manufacture or production of nuclear, chemical or biological weapons of mass destruction. I think it's BS, but what craziness is forcing companies like Embarcadero to hold developers to these very high standards? Also, what is "Embarcadero Software"? Does that mean I can't put a benign videogame on a website that may have a runtime that might be downloaded by a Iranian who love scrabble. Or does "Embarcadero Software" refer to anything I develop using Delphi.

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  • Best Books of C

    - by Patrick
    Hi, I realy want to get high skills in C programming and I know that the best and only way is hard work and lots of practice. though I found so many tutorials and books available on the net about learning the C language. I'm just looking for one or two good books in C that I can learn from and get high skills in C. Anyone knows such a great book/books for C programming pls? (sorry for replication if the question exists already in the forum) Regards!

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  • CSS and HTML incoherences when declaring multiple classes

    - by Cesco
    I'm learning CSS "seriously" for the first time, but I found the way you deal with multiple CSS classes in CSS and HTML quite incoherent. For example I learned that if I want to declare multiple CSS classes with a common style applied to them, I have to write: .style1, .style2, .style3 { color: red; } Then, if I have to declare an HTML tag that has multiple classes applied to it, I have to write: <div class="style1 style2 style3"></div> And I'm asking why? From my personal point of view it would be more coherent if both could be declared by using a comma to separate each class, or if both could be declared using a space; after all IMHO we're still talking about multiple classes, in both CSS and HTML. I think that it would make more sense if I could write this to declare a div with multiple classes applied: <div class="style1, style2, style3"></div> Am I'm missing something important? Could you explain me if there's a valid reason behind these two different syntaxes?

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  • Getting from a user-story to code while using TDD (scrum)

    - by Ittai
    I'm getting into scrum and TDD and I think I have some confusion which I'd like to get your feedback about. Let's assume I have a user-story in my backlog, in order for me to start developing it as part of TDD I need to have requirements, right so far? Is it true to say that the product manager and the QA should be responsible for taking the user-story and breaking it down to acceptance tests? I think the above is true since the acceptance tests need to be formal, so they can be used as tests, but also human readable so that the product can approve they are the requirements, right? Is it also true that I later take these acceptance tests and use them as my requirements, i.e. they are a set of use-cases which I implement (through TDD)? I hope I'm not making too much of a mess but that's the current flow I have in mind right now. Update I think my initial intentions were unclear so I'll try to rephrase. I want to know more details about the scrum flow of turning a user-story into code while using TDD. The starting point is obvious, a user surfaces a need (or the user's representative as the product) which is a short 1-2 lines description in the known format and that is added to the product backlog. When there is a spring planning meeting user-stories are taken from the backlog and assigned to developers. In order for a developer to write code they need requirements (especially in TDD since the requirements are what the tests are derived from). When, by whom and to which format are the requirements compiled? What I had in mind was that the product and QA define the requirements via acceptance tests (I'm thinking of automatic using FitNesse or the sort but that's not the core I think) which help to serve 2 purposes at the same time: They define "Done" properly. They give a developer something to derive tests from. I wasn't sure when these were written (before the sprint they're picked then that might be a waste since additional information will arrive or the story won't be picked, during the iteration then the developer might get stuck waiting for them...)

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  • Roo gem .xlsx files performance problems [closed]

    - by alvaritogf
    I am getting unacceptable performace problems by using the roo gem for reading a file by using XLSX or XLS library from this gem. Someone may suggest me an alternative about how to parse an .XLSX file? parsed_file = Excel.new(filename,false, :ignore) if (file_format.upcase == "XLS") parsed_file = Excelx.new(filename,false, :ignore) if (file_format.upcase == "XLSX") raise t "#{filename} is not an Excel file!" if (!parsed_file) parsed_file.default_sheet = parsed_file.sheets[0]#'Sheet2'#oo.sheets[1] first_row = parsed_file.first_row last_row = parsed_file.last_row first_column = parsed_file.first_column last_column = parsed_file.last_column #logger.info "#### Total Rows:#{last_row}, first_row:#{first_row}, last_row:#{last_row}, first_column:#{first_column}, last_column:#{last_column}" first_row.upto(last_row) do |current_line| # Stuff .... end Thanks

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