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  • Type derivation in python?

    - by aXqd
    In Perl, I can do this: push(@{$h->[x]}, y); Can I simplify the following python codes according to above Perl example? if x not in h: h[x] = [] h[x].append(y) I want to simplify this, because it goes many places in my code, (and I cannot initialize all possible x with []). I do not want to make it a function, because there is no 'inline' keyword. Any ideas?

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  • Python: using doctests for classes

    - by Adam Matan
    Hi, Is it possible to use Python's doctest concept for classes, not just functions? If so, where shall I put the doctests - at the class' docstring, or at the constructor's docstring? To clarify, I'm looking for something like: class Test: """ >>> a=Test(5) >>> a.multiply_by_2() 10 """ def __init__(self, number): self._number=number def multiply_by_2(self): return self._number*2 Thanks in advance, Adam

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  • Writing csv files with python with exact formatting parameters

    - by Ben Harrison
    I'm having trouble with processing some csv data files for a project. The project's programmer has moved onto greener pastures, and now I'm trying to finish the data analysis up (I did/do the statistical analysis.) The programmer suggested using python/csv reader to help break down the files, which I've had some success with, but not in a way I can use. This code is a little different from what I was trying before. I am essentially attempting to create an array. In the raw data format, the first 7 rows contain no data, and then each column contains 50 experiments, each with 4000 rows, for 200000 some rows total. What I want to do is take each column, and make it an individual csv file, with each experiment in its own column. So it would be an array of 50 columns and 4000 rows for each data type. The code here does break down the correct values, I think the logic is okay, but it is breaking down the opposite of how I want it. I want the separators without quotes (the commas and spaces) and I want the element values in quotes. Right now it is doing just the opposite for both, element values with no quotes, and the separators in quotes. I've spent several hours trying to figure out how to do this to no avail, import csv ifile = open('00_follow_maverick.csv') epistemicfile = open('00_follower_maverick_EP.csv', 'w') reader = csv.reader(ifile) colnum = 0 rownum = 0 y = 0 z = 8 for column in reader: rownum = 4000 * y + z for element in column: writer = csv.writer(epistemicfile) if y <= 50: y = y + 1 writer.writerow([element]) writer.writerow(',') rownum = x * y + z if y > 50: y = 0 z = z + 1 writer.writerow(' ') rownum = x * y + z if z >= 4008: break What is going on: I am taking each row in the raw data file in iterations of 4000, so that I can separate them with commas for the 50 experiments. When y, the experiment indicator here, reaches 50, it resets back to experiment 0, and adds 1 to z, which tells it which row to look at, by the formula of 4000 * y + z. When it completes the rows for all 50 experiments, it is finished. The problem here is that I don't know how to get python to write the actual values in quotes, and my separators outside of quotes. Any help will be most appreciated. Apologies if this seems a stupid question, I have no programming experience, this is my first attempt ever. Thank you.

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  • Reading a MIDI file in Python

    - by Logan
    I want to be able to read events from a MIDI file in Python. I have looked for libraries, but can't find one that works with my MIDI file in windows. I do not need to do anything real time, and just want a simple library that gives me events and times. Would it be easier to write one for myself? Any help would be appreciated.

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  • getting Ceil() of Decimal in python?

    - by Gunjan
    Is there a way to get the ceil of a high precision Decimal in python? >>> import decimal; >>> decimal.Decimal(800000000000000000001)/100000000000000000000 Decimal('8.00000000000000000001') >>> math.ceil(decimal.Decimal(800000000000000000001)/100000000000000000000) 8.0 math rounds the value and returns non precise value

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  • Fitting a gamma distribution with (python) Scipy

    - by Archanimus
    Hi folks, Can anyone help me out in fitting a gamma distribution in python? Well, I've got some data : X and Y coordinates, and I want to find the gamma parameters that fit this distribution... In the Scipy doc, it turns out that a fit method actually exists but I don't know how to use it :s.. first, in wich format the argument "data" must be, and how can I provide the seconde argument (the parameters) since this what I'm looking for ??? Thanks a lot!

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  • Quote POSIX shell special characters in Python output

    - by ??O?????
    There are times that I automagically create small shell scripts from Python, and I want to make sure that the filename arguments do not contain non-escaped special characters. I've rolled my own solution, that I will provide as an answer, but I am almost certain I've seen such a function lost somewhere in the standard library. By “lost” I mean I didn't find it in an obvious module like shlex, cmd or subprocess. Do you know of such a function in the stdlib?

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  • Search jpeg files using python

    - by Nims
    Hi, My requirement is to search for jpeg images files in a directory using python script and list the file names. Can anyone help me on how to identify jpeg images files. Thanks in advance...

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  • For-loops in python

    - by Znarkus
    What is the best way of doing this in Python? for (v = n / 2 - 1; v >= 0; v--) I actually tried Google first, but as far as I can see the only solution would be to use while.

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  • C++ like iterators in python?

    - by uberjumper
    This might be a really dumb question, however i've looked around online, etc. And have not seen a solid answer. What i was wondering, is there a simple way to do something like this? lines = open('something.txt', 'r').readlines() for line in lines: if line == '!': # force iteration forward twice line.next().next() <etc> Is there an easy way to do that in python?

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  • Strengths and weaknesses of JIT compilers for Python

    - by Az
    Hi there, I'm currently aware of the following Python JIT compilers: Psyco, PyPy and Unladen Swallow. Basically, I'd like to ask for your personal experiences on the strengths and weaknesses of these compilers - and if there are any others worth looking into. Thanks in advance, Az

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  • Should Python 2.6 on OS X deal with multiple easy-install.pth files in $PYTHONPATH?

    - by ahd
    I am running ipython from sage and also am using some packages that aren't in sage (lxml, argparse) which are installed in my home directory. I have therefore ended up with a $PYTHONPATH of $HOME/sage/local/lib/python:$HOME/lib/python Python is reading and processing the first easy-install.pth it finds ($HOME/sage/local/lib/python/site-packages/easy-install.pth) but not the second, so eggs installed in $HOME/lib/python aren't added to the path. On reading the off-the-shelf site.py, I cannot for the life of me see why it's doing this. Can someone enlighten me? Or advise how to nudge Python into reading both easy-install.pth files? Consolidating both into one .pth file is a viable workaround for now, so this question is mostly for curiosity value.

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  • python getelementbyid from string

    - by matthewgall
    Hey, I have the following program, that is trying to upload a file (or files) to an image upload site, however I am struggling to find out how to parse the returned HTML to grab the direct link (contained in a ). I have the code below: #!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import pycurl import urllib import urlparse import xml.dom.minidom import StringIO import sys import gtk import os import imghdr import locale import gettext try: import pynotify except: print "Please install pynotify." APP="Uploadir Uploader" DIR="locale" locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, '') gettext.bindtextdomain(APP, DIR) gettext.textdomain(APP) _ = gettext.gettext ##STRINGS uploading = _("Uploading image to Uploadir.") oneimage = _("1 image has been successfully uploaded.") multimages = _("images have been successfully uploaded.") uploadfailed = _("Unable to upload to Uploadir.") class Uploadir: def __init__(self, args): self.images = [] self.urls = [] self.broadcasts = [] self.username="" self.password="" if len(args) == 1: return else: for file in args: if file == args[0] or file == "": continue if file.startswith("-u"): self.username = file.split("-u")[1] #print self.username continue if file.startswith("-p"): self.password = file.split("-p")[1] #print self.password continue self.type = imghdr.what(file) self.images.append(file) for file in self.images: self.upload(file) self.setClipBoard() self.broadcast(self.broadcasts) def broadcast(self, l): try: str = '\n'.join(l) n = pynotify.Notification(str) n.set_urgency(pynotify.URGENCY_LOW) n.show() except: for line in l: print line def upload(self, file): #Try to login cookie_file_name = "/tmp/uploadircookie" if ( self.username!="" and self.password!=""): print "Uploadir authentication in progress" l=pycurl.Curl() loginData = [ ("username",self.username),("password", self.password), ("login", "Login") ] l.setopt(l.URL, "http://uploadir.com/user/login") l.setopt(l.HTTPPOST, loginData) l.setopt(l.USERAGENT,"User-Agent: Uploadir (Python Image Uploader)") l.setopt(l.FOLLOWLOCATION,1) l.setopt(l.COOKIEFILE,cookie_file_name) l.setopt(l.COOKIEJAR,cookie_file_name) l.setopt(l.HEADER,1) loginDataReturnedBuffer = StringIO.StringIO() l.setopt( l.WRITEFUNCTION, loginDataReturnedBuffer.write ) if l.perform(): self.broadcasts.append("Login failed. Please check connection.") l.close() return loginDataReturned = loginDataReturnedBuffer.getvalue() l.close() #print loginDataReturned if loginDataReturned.find("<li>Your supplied username or password is invalid.</li>")!=-1: self.broadcasts.append("Uploadir authentication failed. Username/password invalid.") return else: self.broadcasts.append("Uploadir authentication successful.") #cookie = loginDataReturned.split("Set-Cookie: ")[1] #cookie = cookie.split(";",0) #print cookie c = pycurl.Curl() values = [ ("file", (c.FORM_FILE, file)) ] buf = StringIO.StringIO() c.setopt(c.URL, "http://uploadir.com/file/upload") c.setopt(c.HTTPPOST, values) c.setopt(c.COOKIEFILE, cookie_file_name) c.setopt(c.COOKIEJAR, cookie_file_name) c.setopt(c.WRITEFUNCTION, buf.write) if c.perform(): self.broadcasts.append(uploadfailed+" "+file+".") c.close() return self.result = buf.getvalue() #print self.result c.close() doc = urlparse.urlparse(self.result) self.urls.append(doc.getElementsByTagName("download")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue) def setClipBoard(self): c = gtk.Clipboard() c.set_text('\n'.join(self.urls)) c.store() if len(self.urls) == 1: self.broadcasts.append(oneimage) elif len(self.urls) != 0: self.broadcasts.append(str(len(self.urls))+" "+multimages) if __name__ == '__main__': uploadir = Uploadir(sys.argv) Any help would be gratefully appreciated. Warm regards,

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  • python unittest howto

    - by zubin71
    I`d like to know how I could unit-test the following module. def download_distribution(url, tempdir): """ Method which downloads the distribution from PyPI """ print "Attempting to download from %s" % (url,) try: url_handler = urllib2.urlopen(url) distribution_contents = url_handler.read() url_handler.close() filename = get_file_name(url) file_handler = open(os.path.join(tempdir, filename), "w") file_handler.write(distribution_contents) file_handler.close() return True except ValueError, IOError: return False

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