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• Oracle Solaris Zones Physical to virtual (P2V)

  - by user939057

  IntroductionThis document describes the process of creating and installing a Solaris 10 image build from physical system and migrate it into a virtualized operating system environment using the Oracle Solaris 10 Zones Physical-to-Virtual (P2V) capability.Using an example and various scenarios, this paper describes how to take advantage of theOracle Solaris 10 Zones Physical-to-Virtual (P2V) capability with other Oracle Solaris features to optimize performance using the Solaris 10 resource management advanced storage management using Solaris ZFS plus improving operating system visibility with Solaris DTrace. The most common use for this tool is when performing consolidation of existing systems onto virtualization enabled platforms, in addition to that we can use the Physical-to-Virtual (P2V) capability  for other tasks for example backup your physical system and move them into virtualized operating system environment hosted on the Disaster Recovery (DR) site another option can be building an Oracle Solaris 10 image repository with various configuration and a different software packages in order to reduce provisioning time.Oracle Solaris ZonesOracle Solaris Zones is a virtualization and partitioning technology supported on Oracle Sun servers powered by SPARC and Intel processors.This technology provides an isolated and secure environment for running applications. A zone is a virtualized operating system environment created within a single instance of the Solaris 10 Operating System.Each virtual system is called a zone and runs a unique and distinct copy of the Solaris 10 operating system.Oracle Solaris Zones Physical-to-Virtual (P2V)A new feature for Solaris 10 9/10.This feature provides the ability to build a Solaris 10 images from physical system and migrate it into a virtualized operating system environmentThere are three main steps using this tool1. Image creation on the source system, this image includes the operating system and optionally the software in which we want to include within the image. 2. Preparing the target system by configuring a new zone that will host the new image.3. Image installation on the target system using the image we created on step 1. The host, where the image is built, is referred to as the source system and the host, where theimage is installed, is referred to as the target system. Benefits of Oracle Solaris Zones Physical-to-Virtual (P2V)Here are some benefits of this new feature:  Simple- easy build process using Oracle Solaris 10 built-in commands.  Robust- based on Oracle Solaris Zones a robust and well known virtualization technology.  Flexible- support migration between V series servers into T or -M-series systems.For the latest server information, refer to the Sun Servers web page. PrerequisitesThe target Oracle Solaris system should be running the latest version of the patching patch cluster. and the minimum Solaris version on the target system should be Solaris 10 9/10.Refer to the latest Administration Guide for Oracle Solaris for a complete procedure on how todownload and install Oracle Solaris. NOTE: If the source system that used to build the image is an older version then the targetsystem, then during the process, the operating system will be upgraded to Solaris 10 9/10(update on attach).Creating the Image Used to distribute the software.We will create an image on the source machine. We can create the image on the local file system and then transfer it to the target machine, or build it into a NFS shared storage andmount the NFS file system from the target machine.Optional  before creating the image we need to complete the software installation that we want to include with the Solaris 10 image.An image is created by using the flarcreate command:Source # flarcreate -S -n s10-system -L cpio /var/tmp/solaris_10_up9.flarThe command does the following:  -S specifies that we skip the disk space check and do not write archive size data to the archive (faster).  -n specifies the image name.  -L specifies the archive format (i.e cpio). Optionally, we can add descriptions to the archive identification section, which can help to identify the archive later.Source # flarcreate -S -n s10-system -e "Oracle Solaris with Oracle DB10.2.0.4" -a "oracle" -L cpio /var/tmp/solaris_10_up9.flarYou can see example of the archive identification section in Appendix A: archive identification section.We can compress the flar image using the gzip command or adding the -c option to the flarcreate commandSource # gzip /var/tmp/solaris_10_up9.flarAn md5 checksum can be created for the image in order to ensure no data tamperingSource # digest -v -a md5 /var/tmp/solaris_10_up9.flar Moving the image into the target system.If we created the image on the local file system, we need to transfer the flar archive from the source machine to the target machine.Source # scp /var/tmp/solaris_10_up9.flar target:/var/tmpConfiguring the Zone on the target systemAfter copying the software to the target machine, we need to configure a new zone in order to host the new image on that zone.To install the new zone on the target machine, first we need to configure the zone (for the full zone creation options see the following link: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E18752_01/html/817-1592/index.html  )ZFS integrationA flash archive can be created on a system that is running a UFS or a ZFS root file system.NOTE: If you create a Solaris Flash archive of a Solaris 10 system that has a ZFS root, then bydefault, the flar will actually be a ZFS send stream, which can be used to recreate the root pool.This image cannot be used to install a zone. You must create the flar with an explicit cpio or paxarchive when the system has a ZFS root.Use the flarcreate command with the -L archiver option, specifying cpio or pax as themethod to archive the files. (For example, see Step 1 in the previous section).Optionally, on the target system you can create the zone root folder on a ZFS file system inorder to benefit from the ZFS features (clones, snapshots, etc...).Target # zpool create zones c2t2d0 Create the zone root folder:Target # chmod 700 /zones Target # zonecfg -z solaris10-up9-zonesolaris10-up9-zone: No such zone configuredUse 'create' to begin configuring a new zone.zonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone> createzonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone> set zonepath=/zoneszonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone> set autoboot=truezonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone> add netzonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone:net> set address=192.168.0.1zonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone:net> set physical=nxge0zonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone:net> endzonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone> verifyzonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone> commitzonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone> exit Installing the Zone on the target system using the imageInstall the configured zone solaris10-up9-zone by using the zoneadm command with the install -a option and the path to the archive.The following example shows how to create an Image and sys-unconfig the zone.Target # zoneadm -z solaris10-up9-zone install -u -a/var/tmp/solaris_10_up9.flarLog File: /var/tmp/solaris10-up9-zone.install_log.AJaGveInstalling: This may take several minutes...The following example shows how we can preserve system identity.Target # zoneadm -z solaris10-up9-zone install -p -a /var/tmp/solaris_10_up9.flar Resource management Some applications are sensitive to the number of CPUs on the target Zone. You need tomatch the number of CPUs on the Zone using the zonecfg command:zonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone>add dedicated-cpuzonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone> set ncpus=16DTrace integrationSome applications might need to be analyzing using DTrace on the target zone, you canadd DTrace support on the zone using the zonecfg command:zonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone>setlimitpriv="default,dtrace_proc,dtrace_user" Exclusive IP stack An Oracle Solaris Container running in Oracle Solaris 10 can have a shared IP stack with the global zone, or it can have an exclusive IP stack (which was released in Oracle Solaris 10 8/07). An exclusive IP stack provides a complete, tunable, manageable and independent networking stack to each zone. A zone with an exclusive IP stack can configure Scalable TCP (STCP), IP routing, IP multipathing, or IPsec. For an example of how to configure an Oracle Solaris zone with an exclusive IP stack, see the following example zonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone set ip-type=exclusivezonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone> add netzonecfg:solaris10-up9-zone> set physical=nxge0 When the installation completes, use the zoneadm list -i -v options to list the installedzones and verify the status.Target # zoneadm list -i -vSee that the new Zone status is installedID NAME STATUS PATH BRAND IP0 global running / native shared- solaris10-up9-zone installed /zones native sharedNow boot the ZoneTarget # zoneadm -z solaris10-up9-zone bootWe need to login into the Zone order to complete the zone set up or insert a sysidcfg file beforebooting the zone for the first time see example for sysidcfg file in Appendix B: sysidcfg filesectionTarget # zlogin -C solaris10-up9-zoneTroubleshootingIf an installation fails, review the log file. On success, the log file is in /var/log inside the zone. Onfailure, the log file is in /var/tmp in the global zone.If a zone installation is interrupted or fails, the zone is left in the incomplete state. Use uninstall -F to reset the zone to the configured state.Target # zoneadm -z solaris10-up9-zone uninstall -FTarget # zonecfg -z solaris10-up9-zone delete -FConclusionOracle Solaris Zones P2V tool provides the flexibility to build pre-configuredimages with different software configuration for faster deployment and server consolidation.In this document, I demonstrated how to build and install images and to integrate the images with other Oracle Solaris features like ZFS and DTrace.Appendix A: archive identification sectionWe can use the head -n 20 /var/tmp/solaris_10_up9.flar command in order to access theidentification section that contains the detailed description.Target # head -n 20 /var/tmp/solaris_10_up9.flarFlAsH-aRcHiVe-2.0section_begin=identificationarchive_id=e4469ee97c3f30699d608b20a36011befiles_archived_method=cpiocreation_date=20100901160827creation_master=mdet5140-1content_name=s10-systemcreation_node=mdet5140-1creation_hardware_class=sun4vcreation_platform=SUNW,T5140creation_processor=sparccreation_release=5.10creation_os_name=SunOScreation_os_version=Generic_142909-16files_compressed_method=nonecontent_architectures=sun4vtype=FULLsection_end=identificationsection_begin=predeploymentbegin 755 predeployment.cpio.ZAppendix B: sysidcfg file sectionTarget # cat sysidcfgsystem_locale=Ctimezone=US/Pacificterminal=xtermssecurity_policy=NONEroot_password=HsABA7Dt/0sXXtimeserver=localhostname_service=NONEnetwork_interface=primary {hostname= solaris10-up9-zonenetmask=255.255.255.0protocol_ipv6=nodefault_route=192.168.0.1}name_service=NONEnfs4_domain=dynamicWe need to copy this file before booting the zoneTarget # cp sysidcfg /zones/solaris10-up9-zone/root/etc/

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• RBAC configuration on solaris10

  - by scot

  Hi , I am looking for RBAC configuration on solaris10 to achieve the below: user=jon group=jtu jon is owner of /opt/app user=ken group=jtu ken is owner of /data on Linux I have added the below line %jtu ALL= NOPASSWD: /bin/*, /usr/bin/* so that jon is able to access /data/tmp and delete files. This doesn't work on solaris10 since there is no sudo by default. How to configure RBAC in solaris10 for jon to be able to delete files in /data/tmp? Thanks

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• Improving Manageability of Virtual Environments

  - by Jeff Victor

  Boot Environments for Solaris 10 Branded Zones Until recently, Solaris 10 Branded Zones on Solaris 11 suffered one notable regression: Live Upgrade did not work. The individual packaging and patching tools work correctly, but the ability to upgrade Solaris while the production workload continued running did not exist. A recent Solaris 11 SRU (Solaris 11.1 SRU 6.4) restored most of that functionality, although with a slightly different concept, different commands, and without all of the feature details. This new method gives you the ability to create and manage multiple boot environments (BEs) for a Solaris 10 Branded Zone, and modify the active or any inactive BE, and to do so while the production workload continues to run. Background In case you are new to Solaris: Solaris includes a set of features that enables you to create a bootable Solaris image, called a Boot Environment (BE). This newly created image can be modified while the original BE is still running your workload(s). There are many benefits, including improved uptime and the ability to reboot into (or downgrade to) an older BE if a newer one has a problem. In Solaris 10 this set of features was named Live Upgrade. Solaris 11 applies the same basic concepts to the new packaging system (IPS) but there isn't a specific name for the feature set. The features are simply part of IPS. Solaris 11 Boot Environments are not discussed in this blog entry. Although a Solaris 10 system can have multiple BEs, until recently a Solaris 10 Branded Zone (BZ) in a Solaris 11 system did not have this ability. This limitation was addressed recently, and that enhancement is the subject of this blog entry. This new implementation uses two concepts. The first is the use of a ZFS clone for each BE. This makes it very easy to create a BE, or many BEs. This is a distinct advantage over the Live Upgrade feature set in Solaris 10, which had a practical limitation of two BEs on a system, when using UFS. The second new concept is a very simple mechanism to indicate the BE that should be booted: a ZFS property. The new ZFS property is named com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe (isn't that creative? ). It's important to note that the property is inherited from the original BE's file system to any BEs you create. In other words, all BEs in one zone have the same value for that property. When the (Solaris 11) global zone boots the Solaris 10 BZ, it boots the BE that has the name that is stored in the activebe property. Here is a quick summary of the actions you can use to manage these BEs: To create a BE: Create a ZFS clone of the zone's root dataset To activate a BE: Set the ZFS property of the root dataset to indicate the BE To add a package or patch to an inactive BE: Mount the inactive BE Add packages or patches to it Unmount the inactive BE To list the available BEs: Use the "zfs list" command. To destroy a BE: Use the "zfs destroy" command. Preparation Before you can use the new features, you will need a Solaris 10 BZ on a Solaris 11 system. You can use these three steps - on a real Solaris 11.1 server or in a VirtualBox guest running Solaris 11.1 - to create a Solaris 10 BZ. The Solaris 11.1 environment must be at SRU 6.4 or newer. Create a flash archive on the Solaris 10 system s10# flarcreate -n s10-system /net/zones/archives/s10-system.flar Configure the Solaris 10 BZ on the Solaris 11 system s11# zonecfg -z s10z Use 'create' to begin configuring a new zone. zonecfg:s10z create -t SYSsolaris10 zonecfg:s10z set zonepath=/zones/s10z zonecfg:s10z exit s11# zoneadm list -cv ID NAME STATUS PATH BRAND IP 0 global running / solaris shared - s10z configured /zones/s10z solaris10 excl Install the zone from the flash archive s11# zoneadm -z s10z install -a /net/zones/archives/s10-system.flar -p You can find more information about the migration of Solaris 10 environments to Solaris 10 Branded Zones in the documentation. The rest of this blog entry demonstrates the commands you can use to accomplish the aforementioned actions related to BEs. New features in action Note that the demonstration of the commands occurs in the Solaris 10 BZ, as indicated by the shell prompt "s10z# ". Many of these commands can be performed in the global zone instead, if you prefer. If you perform them in the global zone, you must change the ZFS file system names. Create The only complicated action is the creation of a BE. In the Solaris 10 BZ, create a new "boot environment" - a ZFS clone. You can assign any name to the final portion of the clone's name, as long as it meets the requirements for a ZFS file system name. s10z# zfs snapshot rpool/ROOT/zbe-0@snap s10z# zfs clone -o mountpoint=/ -o canmount=noauto rpool/ROOT/zbe-0@snap rpool/ROOT/newBE cannot mount 'rpool/ROOT/newBE' on '/': directory is not empty filesystem successfully created, but not mounted You can safely ignore that message: we already know that / is not empty! We have merely told ZFS that the default mountpoint for the clone is the root directory. List the available BEs and active BE Because each BE is represented by a clone of the rpool/ROOT dataset, listing the BEs is as simple as listing the clones. s10z# zfs list -r rpool/ROOT NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT rpool/ROOT 3.55G 42.9G 31K legacy rpool/ROOT/zbe-0 1K 42.9G 3.55G / rpool/ROOT/newBE 3.55G 42.9G 3.55G / The output shows that two BEs exist. Their names are "zbe-0" and "newBE". You can tell Solaris that one particular BE should be used when the zone next boots by using a ZFS property. Its name is com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe. The value of that property is the name of the clone that contains the BE that should be booted. s10z# zfs get com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe rpool/ROOT NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE rpool/ROOT com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe zbe-0 local Change the active BE When you want to change the BE that will be booted next time, you can just change the activebe property on the rpool/ROOT dataset. s10z# zfs get com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe rpool/ROOT NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE rpool/ROOT com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe zbe-0 local s10z# zfs set com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe=newBE rpool/ROOT s10z# zfs get com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe rpool/ROOT NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE rpool/ROOT com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe newBE local s10z# shutdown -y -g0 -i6 After the zone has rebooted: s10z# zfs get com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe rpool/ROOT rpool/ROOT com.oracle.zones.solaris10:activebe newBE local s10z# zfs mount rpool/ROOT/newBE / rpool/export /export rpool/export/home /export/home rpool /rpool Mount the original BE to see that it's still there. s10z# zfs mount -o mountpoint=/mnt rpool/ROOT/zbe-0 s10z# ls /mnt Desktop export platform Documents export.backup.20130607T214951Z proc S10Flar home rpool TT_DB kernel sbin bin lib system boot lost+found tmp cdrom mnt usr dev net var etc opt Patch an inactive BE At this point, you can modify the original BE. If you would prefer to modify the new BE, you can restore the original value to the activebe property and reboot, and then mount the new BE to /mnt (or another empty directory) and modify it. Let's mount the original BE so we can modify it. (The first command is only needed if you haven't already mounted that BE.) s10z# zfs mount -o mountpoint=/mnt rpool/ROOT/zbe-0 s10z# patchadd -R /mnt -M /var/sadm/spool 104945-02 Note that the typical usage will be: Create a BE Mount the new (inactive) BE Use the package and patch tools to update the new BE Unmount the new BE Reboot Delete an inactive BE ZFS clones are children of their parent file systems. In order to destroy the parent, you must first "promote" the child. This reverses the parent-child relationship. (For more information on this, see the documentation.) The original rpool/ROOT file system is the parent of the clones that you create as BEs. In order to destroy an earlier BE that is that parent of other BEs, you must first promote one of the child BEs to be the ZFS parent. Only then can you destroy the original BE. Fortunately, this is easier to do than to explain: s10z# zfs promote rpool/ROOT/newBE s10z# zfs destroy rpool/ROOT/zbe-0 s10z# zfs list -r rpool/ROOT NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT rpool/ROOT 3.56G 269G 31K legacy rpool/ROOT/newBE 3.56G 269G 3.55G / Documentation This feature is so new, it is not yet described in the Solaris 11 documentation. However, MOS note 1558773.1 offers some details. Conclusion With this new feature, you can add and patch packages to boot environments of a Solaris 10 Branded Zone. This ability improves the manageability of these zones, and makes their use more practical. It also means that you can use the existing P2V tools with earlier Solaris 10 updates, and modify the environments after they become Solaris 10 Branded Zones.

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• Are there any encrypted file systems available for Solaris 10?

  - by Noah

  BACKGROUND: We are running Unidata 7.2-5 on Solaris 10 for our data warehouse. There is no database encryption option that works well with our applications. We were looking at ZFS, but it seems that ZFS will only be available under OpenSolaris. Any other suggestions for some type of EFS under Solaris 10?

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• Solaris10 x86 mirror. Making second disk booteable when failure

  - by Kani

  Did a mirror (RAID1) with Solaris 10 in x86. Everything OK. Now, I´m trying to make the second disk booteable, this is: from grub or in case of failure of disk1. I edited /boot/grub/menu.lst: #---------- ADDED BY BOOTADM - DO NOT EDIT ---------- title Solaris 10 9/10 s10x_u9wos_14a X86 findroot (rootfs1,0,a) kernel /platform/i86pc/multiboot module /platform/i86pc/boot_archive #---------------------END BOOTADM-------------------- #---------- ADDED BY BOOTADM - DO NOT EDIT ---------- title Solaris failsafe findroot (rootfs1,0,a) kernel /boot/multiboot -s module /boot/amd64/x86.miniroot-safe #---------------------END BOOTADM-------------------- #---------- ADDED BY BOOTADM - DO NOT EDIT ---------- title Solaris failsafe findroot (rootfs1,0,a) kernel /boot/multiboot kernel/unix -s module /boot/x86.miniroot-safe #---------------------END BOOTADM-------------------- #Make second disk booteable!!!!!!! title alternate boot findroot (rootfs1,1,a) kernel /boot/multiboot kernel/unix -s module /boot/x86.miniroot-safe But is not working. In the BIOS, when I select "alternate boot" I get: Error 15: 15 file not found also, how to configure to GRUB to make the disk2 to boot in case of error in disk1? Additionally, I did (but not related to GRUB): eeprom altbootpath=/devices/pci@0,0/pci108e,5352@1f,2/disk@1,0:a Here is the output of some commands that may help you: /sbin/biosdev 0x80 /pci@0,0/pci108e,5352@1f,2/disk@0,0 0x81 /pci@0,0/pci108e,5352@1f,2/disk@1,0 ls -l /dev/dsk/c1t?d0s0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 50 Jul 7 12:01 /dev/dsk/c1t0d0s0 -> ../../devices/pci@0,0/pci108e,5352@1f,2/disk@0,0:a lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 50 Jul 7 12:01 /dev/dsk/c1t1d0s0 -> ../../devices/pci@0,0/pci108e,5352@1f,2/disk@1,0:a more /boot/solaris/bootenv.rc setprop ata-dma-enabled '1' setprop atapi-cd-dma-enabled '0' setprop ttyb-rts-dtr-off 'false' setprop ttyb-ignore-cd 'true' setprop ttya-rts-dtr-off 'false' setprop ttya-ignore-cd 'true' setprop ttyb-mode '9600,8,n,1,-' setprop ttya-mode '9600,8,n,1,-' setprop lba-access-ok '1' setprop prealloc-chunk-size '0x2000' setprop bootpath '/pci@0,0/pci108e,5352@1f,2/disk@0,0:a' setprop keyboard-layout 'US-English' setprop console 'text' setprop altbootpath '/pci@0,0/pci108e,5352@1f,2/disk@1,0:a' cat /etc/vfstab #device device mount FS fsck mount mount #to mount to fsck point type pass at boot options # fd - /dev/fd fd - no - /proc - /proc proc - no - #/dev/dsk/c1t0d0s1 - - swap - no - /dev/md/dsk/d1 - - swap - no - /dev/md/dsk/d0 /dev/md/rdsk/d0 / ufs 1 no - /devices - /devices devfs - no - sharefs - /etc/dfs/sharetab sharefs - no - ctfs - /system/contract ctfs - no - objfs - /system/object objfs - no - swap - /tmp tmpfs - yes - df -h Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on /dev/md/dsk/d0 909G 11G 889G 2% / /devices 0K 0K 0K 0% /devices ctfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/contract proc 0K 0K 0K 0% /proc mnttab 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/mnttab swap 14G 972K 14G 1% /etc/svc/volatile objfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/object sharefs 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/dfs/sharetab /usr/lib/libc/libc_hwcap1.so.1 909G 11G 889G 2% /lib/libc.so.1 fd 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev/fd swap 14G 40K 14G 1% /tmp swap 14G 28K 14G 1% /var/run

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• sudo equivalent configuration on soalris10

  - by daedlus

  Hi , I am looking to configure on solaris10 to achieve the below: user=jon group=jtu jon is owner of /opt/app user=ken group=jtu ken is owner of /data on Linux I have added the below line %jtu ALL= NOPASSWD: /bin/*, /usr/bin/* so that jon is able to access /data/tmp and delete files. This doesn't work on solaris10 since there is no sudo by default. How to configure on solaris10 for jon to be able to delete files in /data/tmp? Thanks

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• Different versions of iperf for windows give totally different results

  - by Albert Mata

  Measuring TCP output from a Windows client to Solaris server: WXP SP3 with iperf 1.7.0 -- returns an average around 90Mbit Same client, same server but iperf 2.0.5 for windows -- returns an average of 8.5 Mbit Similar discrepancies have been observed connecting to other servers (W2008, W2003) It's difficult to get to some conclusions when different versions of the same tool provide vastly different results. Example below: C:\tempiperf -v (from iperf.fr) iperf version 2.0.5 (08 Jul 2010) pthreads C:\tempiperf -c solaris10 Client connecting to solaris10, TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 64.0 KByte (default) [ 3] local 10.172.181.159 port 2124 connected with 10.172.180.209 port 5001 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 0.0-10.2 sec 10.6 MBytes 8.74 Mbits/sec Abysmal perfomance, but now I test from the same host (Windows XP SP3 32bit and 100Mbit) to the same server (Solaris 10/sparc 64bit and 1Gbit running iperf 2.0.5 with default window of 48k) with the old iperf C:\temp1iperf -v iperf version 1.7.0 (13 Mar 2003) win32 threads C:\temp1iperf.exe -c solaris10 -w64k Client connecting to solaris10, TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 64.0 KByte [1208] local 10.172.181.159 port 2128 connected with 10.172.180.209 port 5001 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [1208] 0.0-10.0 sec 112 MBytes 94.0 Mbits/sec So one iperf with a 64k window says 8.75Mbit and the old iperf with the same window size says 94.0Mbit. These results are constant through repeated tests. From my testing launching iperf(old) with window size "x" and iperf(new) with window size "x" instead of producing the same or very close results produce totally different results. The only difference I see is the old compiled as win32 threads vs. pthreads but parallelism (-P 10) appears to work in both. Anyone has a clue or can recommend a tool that gives results I can trust?? EDIT: Looking at traces from (old) iperf it sets the TCP Window Scale flag to 3 in the SYN packet, when I run the (new) iperf this is set to 0 in the initial packet. A quick analysis of the window size through the exchange shows the (old) iperf moving back and forth but mostly at 32k while the (new) iperf mostly keeps at 64k. Maybe it will help somebody to connect the dots.

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• "cannot receive new filesystem stream: invalid backup stream" error when unpacking flash archive on solaris 10

  - by Bovril

  I've searched around but i'm having no luck with some peculiar behavior with a flash archive. I'm using HP Server Automation 9.14 to deploy the OS. I'm creating a Solaris 10 flash archive to create a snapshot default build in our environment. I create the flash archive with # flar create -c -S -n g8-solaris10-u10 g8-solaris10-u10.flar It seems to create the file without any problems (exit status 0). When deploying to a new system (same hardware), it extracts to a point and then bails. The last error in the log I can see is Extracted 2047.00 MB ( 82% of 2488.98 MB archive) ERROR: Could not read file (172.27.118.100:/media/opsware/sunos/flar/g8-solaris10-u10.flar ERROR: Errors occurred during the extraction of flash archive. The file /tmp/flash_errors contains the list of errors encountered ERROR: Could not extract Flash archive ERROR: Flash installation failed The error log contained the following message cannot receive new filesystem stream: invalid backup stream A previous version of this flash archive (1.8gb) worked ok, so I suspect size may be a factor. The source system (the one the flash archive is an image of) is an HP BL460C GEN8 some more info below. OS version Info # uname -a SunOS testhostname 5.10 Generic_147441-01 i86pc i386 i86pc # who -r . run-level 3 Oct 15 08:15 3 0 S disks # echo | format Searching for disks...done AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS: 0. c0t0d0 <DEFAULT cyl 17841 alt 2 hd 255 sec 63> /pci@0,0/pci8086,3c06@2,2/pci103c,3355@0/sd@0,0 Specify disk (enter its number): Specify disk (enter its number): zpools # zpool list NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CAP HEALTH ALTROOT rpool 136G 24.6G 111G 18% ONLINE - Zones # zoneadm list -cv ID NAME STATUS PATH BRAND IP 0 global running / native shared The file size of 2047 seems suspiciously close to 2048, which is concerning. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks

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• sudo equivalent configuration on Solaris 10

  - by daedlus

  I am looking to configure on Solaris 10 to achieve the below: user=jon group=jtu jon is owner of /opt/app user=ken group=jtu ken is owner of /data On Linux I have added the below line %jtu ALL= NOPASSWD: /bin/*, /usr/bin/* so that jon is able to access /data/tmp and delete files. This doesn't work on solaris10 since there is no sudo by default. How do I configure Solaris 10 so jon can delete files in /data/tmp? Thanks

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• ddrescue a non-solaris disk gets I/O error

  - by rleir

  I am trying to get a disk image of a SCSI disk using ddrescue on Solaris10 (Sparc). The disk is non-solaris, and ddrescue gets an immediate I/O error (as does dd). I used format to label the disk as Solaris, and now ddrescue reads it fine. Is there any way to get the image without labelling the disk as Solaris?

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• Hardware refresh of Solaris 10 systems? Try this!

  - by mgerdts

  I've been seeing quite an uptick in the people that are wanting to install Solaris 11 when they are doing hardware refreshes.  I applaud that effort - Solaris 11 (and 11.1) have great improvements that advance the state of the art and make the best use of the latest hardware. Sometimes, however, you really don't want to disturb the OS or upgrade to the a later version of an application that is certified with Solaris 11.  That's a great use of Solaris 10 Zones.  If you are already using Solaris Cluster, or would like to have more protection as you put more eggs in an ever growing basket, check out solaris10 Brand Zone Clusters.

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• Solaris 10 opencsw git package issue with bitbucket git hosting

  - by zephyrus00jp

  Has anyone tried using `git' from opencsw package in order to work with bitbucket source hosting service (under solaris10)? I tried to use git as the bitbucket documentation explains, and - under Debian GNU/Linux, it worked flawlessly as described, but - under Solaris 10, I got Authentication Failed message. I even tried to run truss to see anything is suspicious but could not find any smoking gun under solaris why it failed. ldd git-binary didnd't show anything suspicious either (except for the libcrypt library which could be a suspicious to think about export restrictions. Have they shipped incompatible version? BUT since the password is typed into https: connection, I suspect it is only a matter of web-level cryptography and should be universal these days.) I am now tempted to compile git suite under solaris 10, but I did find people who seem to be using git with bitbucket under solaris 10 and am wondering what could be wrong.

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• Platinum Club??????(Oracle Solaris/MySQL) ????

  - by Urakawa

  ORACLE MASTER Platinum???????????Platinum Club????????2011?3?4???????????????? ???????Oracle Solaris 11 Express?????????????????????????????????????MySQL?Performance Tuning??????????????????   ????????????? ??????????????? ????? ?? ?????????????? ???????????????????????????ORACLE MASTER Platinum???????????????????????????????Oracle Solaris 11????????????????????????????MySQL???????????????????????????????????????????????????   ?What's New in Solaris 11 Express???????????????????? ??????????? ????????????? ?? ?? 2011?4????????What's New in Solaris 11 Express??????????3???????????????????????? ????? ???????? ?? ????????????????????????????????????????????????Oracle Solaris 11 ????????????????? Express ?????????????????????????????????????(Crossbow)??Solaris10??????????????? ??(ZFS)?OS?????(????)??????????????????????? Oracle Solaris 11????????????????????? ????8??????Oracle Solaris????????????????????????????????????????OS???????????????????????????????????????????????????   ?MySQL Performance Tuning??????????????????? IT???????????? ????????????1????? ? ???????MySQL Performance Tuning???????????????????????1??????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????Oracle Database???MySQL???????????????MySQL Performance Tuning????????????MySQL????????????????MySQL???????????????????????????????????????????????????? MySQL?????????????????????Oracle Database????????????ORACLE MASER Platinum????????????????????????????????????????????????????2?????????????????????   ????????????????????Platinum Club???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???Oracle Database??????????????????????????????????Oracle Database????????????ORACLE MASTER Platinum????????????????????????Oracle Solaris????????????????????????MySQL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????TV????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Platinum Club??????????????????????????????????????????????????

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• Chinese encoding issue while listing files

  - by Null Pointer

  I am running a Java application on a Solaris10 with Chinese. Now there are some files in a directory with chinese filenames. When I do files = new File(dir).list() where "dir" is the parent directory containing that chinese file, I get the result filename files[0] as ?????(some junk characters). Now the deal is that my programs file.encoding property is already set to GBK and I also do Charset.isSupported("GBK") and it returns true too. So where could be the problem. I am running out of ideas. NOTE: I am not trying to print the filename anywhere or copy the file or something. I am simply openeing a stream to it, something like below: files = new File(dir).list(); new FileInputStream(files[0]); Now this gives me a FileNotFoundExcpetion, so I debug just to find that value inside files[0] is "??????".

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• lsof not showing what port a proc is listening on

  - by ericslaw

  I have many processes on a box listening on several ports. I am trying to map ports to pids. The problem is that lsof is not telling me what ports belong to which process. Given an apache listening on port 80, I can see it listening via netstat: user@host% netstat -an|grep LISTEN|grep 80 *.80 *.* 0 0 49152 0 LISTEN But when I try to map port 80 to a pid I get nothing: user@host% lsof -iTCP:80 -t When I try seeing what sockets that specific pid is using I get: user@host% lsof -lnP -p31 -a -i COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME libhttpd. 31 0 15u IPv4 0x6002d970b80 0t0 TCP *:65535 (LISTEN) Notice the *:65535 in the NAME column. Does anyone know why lsof is not reporting the port in use? I am running as root. I am using a mix of lsof and os versions: lsof v4.77 on Solaris10 sparc lsof v4.72 on Redhat4.2 etc I know that linux solutions can use "netstat -p", so I guess I'm only looking for why solaris isn't working, but I find lsof is frequently silent and not showing me expected data.

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• Apache not routing to tomcat on correct Virtual host

  - by ttheobald

  We are looking at moving from Websphere to Tomcat. I'm trying to send traffic to tomcat from apache web server based on the virtual host directives in apache web server. After some playing around I have it sort of working, but I'm noticing that if I have a JKMount directive in the first VirtualHost in apache, all virtualHosts will send to the application server. If I have the JKMount in Virtual hosts further down in the configs, then only that VirtualHost works with the request. For Example, with the configs below here are my symptoms mysite.com/Webapp1/ -- I resolve to the proper application mysite2.com/Webapp1/ -- I resolve to the proper application (bad!) mysite.com/MonitorApp/ -- I resolve to the proper application mysite2.com/MonitorApp/ -- I resolve to the proper application (bad!) mysite.com/Webapp2/ -- I DO NOT get to the app (good) mysite2.com/Webapp2/ -- I resolve to the proper application Here's what my web server virtualhosts look like. <VirtualHost 255.255.255.1:80> ServerName mysite.com ServerAlias aliasmysite.ca ##all our rewrite rules JkMount /Webapp1/* LoadBalanceWorker JKmount /MonitorApp/* LoadBalanceWorker </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost 255.255.255.2:80> ServerName mysite2.com ServerAlias aliasmysite2.ca ##all our rewrite rules JkMount /Webapp2/* LoadBalanceWorker </VirtualHost> we are running apache webserver 2.2.10 and tomcat 7.0.29 on Solaris10 I've posted an image of our architecture here. http://imgur.com/IFaA6Rh I HAVE not defined VirtualHosts on Tomcat. Based on what I've read, my understanding is that it's only needed if I'm accessing Tomcat directly. Any assistance is appreciated. Edit Here's my worker.properties. worker.list= LoadBalanceWorker,App1,App2 worker.intApp1.port=8009 worker.intApp1.host=10.15.8.8 worker.intApp1.type=ajp13 worker.intApp1.lbfactor=1 worker.intApp1.socket_timeout=30 worker.intApp1.socket_connect_timeout=5000 worker.intApp1.fail_on_status=302,500,503 worker.intApp1.recover_time=30 worker.intApp2.port=8009 worker.intApp2.host=10.15.8.9 worker.intApp2.type=ajp13 worker.intApp2.lbfactor=1 worker.intApp2.socket_timeout=30 worker.intApp2.socket_connect_timeout=5000 worker.intApp2.fail_on_status=302,500,503 worker.intApp2.recover_time=30 worker.LoadBalanceWorker.type=lb worker.LoadBalanceWorker.balanced_workers=intApp1,intApp2 worker.LoadBalanceWorker.sticky_session=1

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• Solaris 10 branded zone VM Templates for Solaris 11 on OTN

  - by jsavit

  Early this year I wrote the article Ours Goes To 11 which describes the ability to import Solaris 10 systems into a "Solaris 10 branded zone" under Oracle Solaris 11. I did this using Solaris 11 Express, and the capability remains in Solaris 11 with only slight changes. This important tool lets you painlessly inhaling a Solaris Container from Solaris 10 or entire Solaris 10 systems ("the global zone") into virtualized environments on a Solaris 11 OS. Just recently, Oracle provided Oracle VM Templates for Oracle Solaris 10 Zones to let you create Solaris 10 branded zones for Solaris 11 even if you don't currently have access to install media or a running Solaris 10 system. To use this, just download the Oracle VM Template for Oracle Solaris Zone 10 from OTN at http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/solaris11/downloads/virtual-machines-1355605.html. This page contains images of Oracle Solaris 10 8/11 (the recent update to Solaris 10) in SPARC and x86 formats suitable for creating branded zones. The same page also has a VirtualBox image you can download for a complete Solaris 10 install in a guest virtual machine you can run on any host OS that supports VirtualBox. Both sets of downloads provide a quick - and extremely easy - way to set up a virtual Solaris 10 environment. In the case of the Oracle VM Templates, they illustrate several advanced features of Solaris 11. To start, just go to the above link, download the template for the hardware platform (SPARC or x86) you want, and download the README file also linked from that page. Install prerequisites The README file tells you to install the prerequisite Solaris 11 package that implements the Solaris 10 brand. Then you can install instances of zones with that brand. # pkg install pkg:/system/zones/brand/brand-solaris10 Packages to install: 1 Create boot environment: No Create backup boot environment: Yes DOWNLOAD PKGS FILES XFER (MB) Completed 1/1 44/44 0.4/0.4 PHASE ACTIONS Install Phase 74/74 PHASE ITEMS Package State Update Phase 1/1 Image State Update Phase 2/2 That took only a few minutes, and didn't require a reboot. Install the Solaris 10 zone Now it's time to run the downloaded template file. First make it executable via the chmod command, of course. I found that (unlike stated in the README) there was no need to rename the downloaded file to remove the .bin. When you run it you provide several parameters to describe the zone configuration: -a IP address - the IP address and optional netmask for the zone. This is the only mandatory parameter. -z zonename - the name of the zone you would like to create. -i interface - the package will create an exclusive-IP zone using a virtual NIC (vnic) based on this physical interface. In my case, I have a NIC called rge0. -p PATH - specifies the path in which you want the zoneroot to be placed. In my case, I have a ZFS dataset mounted at /zones, and this will create a zoneroot at /zones/s10u10. Kicking it off, you will see a copyright message, and then messages showing progress building the zone, which only takes a few minutes. # ./solaris-10u10-x86.bin -p /zones -a 192.168.1.100 -i rge0 -z s10u10 ... ... Checking disk-space for extraction Ok Extracting in /export/home/CDimages/s10zone/bootimage.ihaqvh ... 100% [===============================] Checking data integrity Ok Checking platform compatibility The host and the image do not have the same Solaris release: host Solaris release: 5.11 image Solaris release: 5.10 Will create a Solaris 10 branded zone. Warning: could not find a defaultrouter Zone won't have any defaultrouter configured IMAGE: ./solaris-10u10-x86.bin ZONE: s10u10 ZONEPATH: /zones/s10u10 INTERFACE: rge0 VNIC: vnicZBI13379 MAC ADDR: 2:8:20:5c:1a:cc IP ADDR: 192.168.1.100 NETMASK: 255.255.255.0 DEFROUTER: NONE TIMEZONE: US/Arizona Checking disk-space for installation Ok Installing in /zones/s10u10 ... 100% [===============================] Using a static exclusive-IP Attaching s10u10 Booting s10u10 Waiting for boot to complete booting... booting... booting... Zone s10u10 booted The zone's root password has been set using the root password of the local host. You can change the zone's root password to further harden the security of the zone: being root, log into the zone from the local host with the command 'zlogin s10u10'. Once logged in, change the root password with the command 'passwd'. The nifty part in my opinion (besides being so easy), is that the zone was created as an exclusive-IP zone on a virtual NIC. This network configuration lets you enforce traffic isolation from other zones, enforce network Quality of Service, and even let the zone set its own characteristics like IP address and packet size. Independence of the zone's network characteristics from the global zone is one of the enhancements in Solaris 10 that make it easier to consolidate zones while preserving their autonomy, yet provide control in a consolidated environment. Let's see what the virtual network environment looks like by issuing commands from the Solaris 11 global zone. First I'll use Old School ifconfig, and then I'll use the new ipadm and dladm commands. # ifconfig -a4 lo0: flags=2001000849<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4,VIRTUAL> mtu 8232 index 1 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask ff000000 rge0: flags=1004943<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,PROMISC,MULTICAST,DHCP,IPv4> mtu 1500 index 2 inet 192.168.1.3 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 192.168.1.255 ether 0:14:d1:18:ac:bc vboxnet0: flags=201000843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST,IPv4,CoS> mtu 1500 index 3 inet 192.168.56.1 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 192.168.56.255 ether 8:0:27:f8:62:1c # dladm show-phys LINK MEDIA STATE SPEED DUPLEX DEVICE yge0 Ethernet unknown 0 unknown yge0 yge1 Ethernet unknown 0 unknown yge1 rge0 Ethernet up 1000 full rge0 vboxnet0 Ethernet up 1000 full vboxnet0 # dladm show-link LINK CLASS MTU STATE OVER yge0 phys 1500 unknown -- yge1 phys 1500 unknown -- rge0 phys 1500 up -- vboxnet0 phys 1500 up -- vnicZBI13379 vnic 1500 up rge0 s10u10/vnicZBI13379 vnic 1500 up rge0 s10u10/net0 vnic 1500 up rge0 # dladm show-vnic LINK OVER SPEED MACADDRESS MACADDRTYPE VID vnicZBI13379 rge0 1000 2:8:20:5c:1a:cc random 0 s10u10/vnicZBI13379 rge0 1000 2:8:20:5c:1a:cc random 0 s10u10/net0 rge0 1000 2:8:20:9d:d0:79 random 0 # ipadm show-addr ADDROBJ TYPE STATE ADDR lo0/v4 static ok 127.0.0.1/8 rge0/_a dhcp ok 192.168.1.3/24 vboxnet0/_a static ok 192.168.56.1/24 lo0/v6 static ok ::1/128 Log into the zone The install step already booted the zone, so lets log into it. Notice how you have to be appropriately privileged to log into a zone. This is my home system so I'm being a bit cavalier, but in a production environment you can give granular control of who can login to which zones. Voila! a Solaris 10 environment under a Solaris 11 kernel. Notice the output from the uname -a and ifconfig commands, and output from a ping to a nearby host. $ zlogin s10u10 zlogin: You lack sufficient privilege to run this command (all privs required) savit@home:~$ sudo zlogin s10u10 Password: [Connected to zone 's10u10' pts/5] Oracle Corporation SunOS 5.10 Generic Patch January 2005 # uname -a SunOS s10u10 5.10 Generic_Virtual i86pc i386 i86pc # ifconfig -a4 lo0: flags=2001000849 mtu 8232 index 1 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask ff000000 vnicZBI13379: flags=1000843 mtu 1500 index 2 inet 192.168.1.100 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 192.168.1.255 ether 2:8:20:5c:1a:cc # bash bash-3.2# ifconfig -a lo0: flags=2001000849 mtu 8232 index 1 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask ff000000 vnicZBI13379: flags=1000843 mtu 1500 index 2 inet 192.168.1.100 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 192.168.1.255 ether 2:8:20:5c:1a:cc bash-3.2# ping 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.2 is alive For fun, I configured Apache (setting its configuration file in /etc/apache2) and brought it up. Easy - took just a few minutes. bash-3.2# svcs apache2 STATE STIME FMRI disabled 12:38:46 svc:/network/http:apache2 bash-3.2# svcadm enable apache2 Summary In just a few minutes, I built a functioning virtual Solaris 10 environment under by Solaris 11 system. It was... easy! While I can still do it the manual way (creating and using a system archive), this is a low-effort way to create a Solaris 10 zone on Solaris 11.

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