Search Results

Search found 40799 results on 1632 pages for 'type slicing'.

Page 1/1632 | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12  | Next Page >

  • When is type testing OK?

    - by svidgen
    Assuming a language with some inherent type safety (e.g., not JavaScript): Given a method that accepts a SuperType, we know that in most cases wherein we might be tempted to perform type testing to pick an action: public void DoSomethingTo(SuperType o) { if (o isa SubTypeA) { o.doSomethingA() } else { o.doSomethingB(); } } We should usually, if not always, create a single, overridable method on the SuperType and do this: public void DoSomethingTo(SuperType o) { o.doSomething(); } ... wherein each subtype is given its own doSomething() implementation. The rest of our application can then be appropriately ignorant of whether any given SuperType is really a SubTypeA or a SubTypeB. Wonderful. But, we're still given is a-like operations in most, if not all, type-safe languages. And that seems suggests a potential need for explicit type testing. So, in what situations, if any, should we or must we perform explicit type testing? Forgive my absent mindedness or lack of creativity. I know I've done it before; but, it was honestly so long ago I can't remember if what I did was good! And in recent memory, I don't think I've encountered a need to test types outside my cowboy JavaScript.

    Read the article

  • Type Casting variables in PHP: Is there a practical example?

    - by Stephen
    PHP, as most of us know, has weak typing. For those who don't, PHP.net says: PHP does not require (or support) explicit type definition in variable declaration; a variable's type is determined by the context in which the variable is used. Love it or hate it, PHP re-casts variables on-the-fly. So, the following code is valid: $var = "10"; $value = 10 + $var; var_dump($value); // int(20) PHP also alows you to explicitly cast a variable, like so: $var = "10"; $value = 10 + $var; $value = (string)$value; var_dump($value); // string(2) "20" That's all cool... but, for the life of me, I cannot conceive of a practical reason for doing this. I don't have a problem with strong typing in languages that support it, like Java. That's fine, and I completely understand it. Also, I'm aware of—and fully understand the usefulness of—type hinting in function parameters. The problem I have with type casting is explained by the above quote. If PHP can swap types at-will, it can do so even after you force cast a type; and it can do so on-the-fly when you need a certain type in an operation. That makes the following valid: $var = "10"; $value = (int)$var; $value = $value . ' TaDa!'; var_dump($value); // string(8) "10 TaDa!" So what's the point? Can anyone show me a practical application or example of type casting—one that would fail if type casting were not involved? I ask this here instead of SO because I figure practicality is too subjective. Edit in response to Chris' comment Take this theoretical example of a world where user-defined type casting makes sense in PHP: You force cast variable $foo as int -- (int)$foo. You attempt to store a string value in the variable $foo. PHP throws an exception!! <--- That would make sense. Suddenly the reason for user defined type casting exists! The fact that PHP will switch things around as needed makes the point of user defined type casting vague. For example, the following two code samples are equivalent: // example 1 $foo = 0; $foo = (string)$foo; $foo = '# of Reasons for the programmer to type cast $foo as a string: ' . $foo; // example 2 $foo = 0; $foo = (int)$foo; $foo = '# of Reasons for the programmer to type cast $foo as a string: ' . $foo;

    Read the article

  • Object Slicing, Is it advantage ?

    - by harigm
    Object slicing is some thing that object looses some of its attributes or functions when a child class is assigned to base class. Some thing like Class A{ } Class B extends A{ } Class SomeClass{ A a = new A(); B b = new B(); // Some where if might happen like this */ a = b; (Object slicing happens) } Do we say Object slicing is any beneficial in any ways? If yes, can any one please tell me how object slicing be a helpful in development and where it might be helpful?

    Read the article

  • Type Casting variables in PHP: Is there a practical example?

    - by Stephen
    PHP, as most of us know, has weak typing. For those who don't, PHP.net says: PHP does not require (or support) explicit type definition in variable declaration; a variable's type is determined by the context in which the variable is used. Love it or hate it, PHP re-casts variables on-the-fly. So, the following code is valid: $var = "10"; $value = 10 + $var; var_dump($value); // int(20) PHP also alows you to explicitly cast a variable, like so: $var = "10"; $value = 10 + $var; $value = (string)$value; var_dump($value); // string(2) "20" That's all cool... but, for the life of me, I cannot conceive of a practical reason for doing this. I don't have a problem with strong typing in languages that support it, like Java. That's fine, and I completely understand it. Also, I'm aware of—and fully understand the usefulness of—type hinting in function parameters. The problem I have with type casting is explained by the above quote. If PHP can swap types at-will, it can do so even after you force cast a type; and it can do so on-the-fly when you need a certain type in an operation. That makes the following valid: $var = "10"; $value = (int)$var; $value = $value . ' TaDa!'; var_dump($value); // string(8) "10 TaDa!" So what's the point? Can anyone show me a practical application or example of type casting—one that would fail if type casting were not involved? I ask this here instead of SO because I figure practicality is too subjective. Edit in response to Chris' comment Take this theoretical example of a world where user-defined type casting makes sense in PHP: You force cast variable $foo as int -- (int)$foo. You attempt to store a string value in the variable $foo. PHP throws an exception!! <--- That would make sense. Suddenly the reason for user defined type casting exists! The fact that PHP will switch things around as needed makes the point of user defined type casting vague. For example, the following two code samples are equivalent: // example 1 $foo = 0; $foo = (string)$foo; $foo = '# of Reasons for the programmer to type cast $foo as a string: ' . $foo; // example 2 $foo = 0; $foo = (int)$foo; $foo = '# of Reasons for the programmer to type cast $foo as a string: ' . $foo; UPDATE Guess who found himself using typecasting in a practical environment? Yours Truly. The requirement was to display money values on a website for a restaurant menu. The design of the site required that trailing zeros be trimmed, so that the display looked something like the following: Menu Item 1 .............. $ 4 Menu Item 2 .............. $ 7.5 Menu Item 3 .............. $ 3 The best way I found to do that wast to cast the variable as a float: $price = '7.50'; // a string from the database layer. echo 'Menu Item 2 .............. $ ' . (float)$price; PHP trims the float's trailing zeros, and then recasts the float as a string for concatenation.

    Read the article

  • eventmachine on debian fails install via rubygems

    - by Max
    this has been killing me for the last 5 hours. I don't seem to be able to get eventmachine running on my debian box. here this output: $ gem install thin Building native extensions. This could take a while... ERROR: Error installing thin: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. /home/eventhub/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/bin/ruby extconf.rb checking for rb_trap_immediate in ruby.h,rubysig.h... no checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... yes checking for inotify_init() in sys/inotify.h... yes checking for writev() in sys/uio.h... yes checking for rb_wait_for_single_fd()... yes checking for rb_enable_interrupt()... yes checking for rb_time_new()... yes checking for sys/event.h... no checking for epoll_create() in sys/epoll.h... yes creating Makefile make compiling kb.cpp cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wdeclaration-after-statement" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++ cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wimplicit-function-declaration" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++ In file included from project.h:149, from kb.cpp:20: binder.h:35: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type In file included from project.h:150, from kb.cpp:20: em.h:84: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:85: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:86: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:88: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:89: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:90: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:91: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:93: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:99: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:116: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:125: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type In file included from project.h:154, from kb.cpp:20: eventmachine.h:46: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:47: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:48: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:50: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:65: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:66: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:67: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:68: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type In file included from project.h:154, from kb.cpp:20: eventmachine.h:103: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:105: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:108: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type compiling rubymain.cpp cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wdeclaration-after-statement" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++ cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wimplicit-function-declaration" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++ In file included from project.h:149, from rubymain.cpp:20: binder.h:35: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type In file included from project.h:150, from rubymain.cpp:20: em.h:84: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:85: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:86: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:88: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:89: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:90: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:91: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:93: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:99: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:116: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:125: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type In file included from project.h:154, from rubymain.cpp:20: eventmachine.h:46: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:47: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:48: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:50: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:65: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:66: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:67: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:68: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type In file included from project.h:154, from rubymain.cpp:20: eventmachine.h:103: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:105: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:108: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type compiling ssl.cpp cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wdeclaration-after-statement" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++ cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wimplicit-function-declaration" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++ In file included from project.h:149, from ssl.cpp:23: binder.h:35: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type In file included from project.h:150, from ssl.cpp:23: em.h:84: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:85: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:86: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:88: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:89: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:90: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:91: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:93: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:99: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:116: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:125: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type In file included from project.h:154, from ssl.cpp:23: eventmachine.h:46: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:47: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:48: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:50: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:65: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:66: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:67: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:68: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type In file included from project.h:154, from ssl.cpp:23: eventmachine.h:103: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:105: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:108: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type compiling cmain.cpp cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wdeclaration-after-statement" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++ cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wimplicit-function-declaration" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++ In file included from project.h:149, from cmain.cpp:20: binder.h:35: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type In file included from project.h:150, from cmain.cpp:20: em.h:84: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:85: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:86: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:88: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:89: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:90: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:91: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:93: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:99: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:116: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:125: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type In file included from project.h:154, from cmain.cpp:20: eventmachine.h:46: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:47: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:48: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:50: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:65: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:66: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:67: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:68: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type In file included from project.h:154, from cmain.cpp:20: eventmachine.h:103: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:105: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:108: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type cmain.cpp:96: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type cmain.cpp:107: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type cmain.cpp:117: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type cmain.cpp:127: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type cmain.cpp:269: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type cmain.cpp:279: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type cmain.cpp:289: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type cmain.cpp:299: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type cmain.cpp:309: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type cmain.cpp:329: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type cmain.cpp:678: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type compiling em.cpp cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wdeclaration-after-statement" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++ cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wimplicit-function-declaration" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++ In file included from project.h:149, from em.cpp:23: binder.h:35: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type In file included from project.h:150, from em.cpp:23: em.h:84: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:85: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:86: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:88: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:89: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:90: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:91: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:93: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:99: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:116: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.h:125: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type In file included from project.h:154, from em.cpp:23: eventmachine.h:46: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:47: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:48: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:50: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:65: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:66: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:67: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:68: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type In file included from project.h:154, from em.cpp:23: eventmachine.h:103: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:105: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type eventmachine.h:108: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.cpp: In member function 'bool EventMachine_t::_RunEpollOnce()': em.cpp:578: warning: 'int rb_thread_select(int, fd_set*, fd_set*, fd_set*, timeval*)' is deprecated (declared at /home/eventhub/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/include/ruby-1.9.1/ruby/intern.h:379) em.cpp:578: warning: 'int rb_thread_select(int, fd_set*, fd_set*, fd_set*, timeval*)' is deprecated (declared at /home/eventhub/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/include/ruby-1.9.1/ruby/intern.h:379) em.cpp: In member function 'bool EventMachine_t::_RunSelectOnce()': em.cpp:974: warning: 'int rb_thread_select(int, fd_set*, fd_set*, fd_set*, timeval*)' is deprecated (declared at /home/eventhub/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/include/ruby-1.9.1/ruby/intern.h:379) em.cpp:974: warning: 'int rb_thread_select(int, fd_set*, fd_set*, fd_set*, timeval*)' is deprecated (declared at /home/eventhub/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/include/ruby-1.9.1/ruby/intern.h:379) em.cpp: At global scope: em.cpp:1057: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.cpp:1079: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.cpp:1265: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.cpp:1338: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.cpp:1510: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.cpp:1593: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.cpp:1856: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.cpp:1982: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.cpp:2046: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.cpp:2070: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.cpp:2142: warning: type qualifiers ignored on function return type em.cpp:2361: fatal error: error writing to /tmp/ccdlOK0T.s: No space left on device compilation terminated. make: *** [em.o] Error 1 Gem files will remain installed in /home/eventhub/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125/gems/eventmachine-1.0.1 for inspection. Results logged to /home/eventhub/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125/gems/eventmachine-1.0.1/ext/gem_make.out Any thoughts? I read a lot of different ways to solve this issue, but none of them worked. Thanks

    Read the article

  • Type checking and recursive types (Writing the Y combinator in Haskell/Ocaml)

    - by beta
    When explaining the Y combinator in the context of Haskell, it's usually noted that the straight-forward implementation won't type-check in Haskell because of its recursive type. For example, from Rosettacode [1]: The obvious definition of the Y combinator in Haskell canot be used because it contains an infinite recursive type (a = a -> b). Defining a data type (Mu) allows this recursion to be broken. newtype Mu a = Roll { unroll :: Mu a -> a } fix :: (a -> a) -> a fix = \f -> (\x -> f (unroll x x)) $ Roll (\x -> f (unroll x x)) And indeed, the “obvious” definition does not type check: ?> let fix f g = (\x -> \a -> f (x x) a) (\x -> \a -> f (x x) a) g <interactive>:10:33: Occurs check: cannot construct the infinite type: t2 = t2 -> t0 -> t1 Expected type: t2 -> t0 -> t1 Actual type: (t2 -> t0 -> t1) -> t0 -> t1 In the first argument of `x', namely `x' In the first argument of `f', namely `(x x)' In the expression: f (x x) a <interactive>:10:57: Occurs check: cannot construct the infinite type: t2 = t2 -> t0 -> t1 In the first argument of `x', namely `x' In the first argument of `f', namely `(x x)' In the expression: f (x x) a (0.01 secs, 1033328 bytes) The same limitation exists in Ocaml: utop # let fix f g = (fun x a -> f (x x) a) (fun x a -> f (x x) a) g;; Error: This expression has type 'a -> 'b but an expression was expected of type 'a The type variable 'a occurs inside 'a -> 'b However, in Ocaml, one can allow recursive types by passing in the -rectypes switch: -rectypes Allow arbitrary recursive types during type-checking. By default, only recursive types where the recursion goes through an object type are supported. By using -rectypes, everything works: utop # let fix f g = (fun x a -> f (x x) a) (fun x a -> f (x x) a) g;; val fix : (('a -> 'b) -> 'a -> 'b) -> 'a -> 'b = <fun> utop # let fact_improver partial n = if n = 0 then 1 else n*partial (n-1);; val fact_improver : (int -> int) -> int -> int = <fun> utop # (fix fact_improver) 5;; - : int = 120 Being curious about type systems and type inference, this raises some questions I'm still not able to answer. First, how does the type checker come up with the type t2 = t2 -> t0 -> t1? Having come up with that type, I guess the problem is that the type (t2) refers to itself on the right side? Second, and perhaps most interesting, what is the reason for the Haskell/Ocaml type systems to disallow this? I guess there is a good reason since Ocaml also will not allow it by default even if it can deal with recursive types if given the -rectypes switch. If these are really big topics, I'd appreciate pointers to relevant literature. [1] http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Y_combinator#Haskell

    Read the article

  • How to allow bind in app armor?

    - by WitchCraft
    Question: I did setup bind9 as described here: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=12149576#post12149576 Now I have a little problem with apparmor: If I switch it off, it works. If apparmor runs, it doesn't work, and I get the following dmesg output: [ 23.809767] type=1400 audit(1344097913.519:11): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=1540 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 23.811537] type=1400 audit(1344097913.519:12): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=1540 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 23.812514] type=1400 audit(1344097913.523:13): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=1540 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 23.821999] type=1400 audit(1344097913.531:14): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/mysqld" pid=1544 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 23.845085] type=1400 audit(1344097913.555:15): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/libvirtd" pid=1543 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 23.849051] type=1400 audit(1344097913.559:16): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/named" pid=1545 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 23.849509] type=1400 audit(1344097913.559:17): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/libvirt/virt-aa-helper" pid=1542 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 23.851597] type=1400 audit(1344097913.559:18): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/tcpdump" pid=1547 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 24.415193] type=1400 audit(1344097914.123:19): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/sbin/mysqld" pid=1625 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 24.738631] ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team [ 25.005242] nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (16384 buckets, 65536 max) [ 25.187939] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): virbr0: link is not ready [ 26.004282] Ebtables v2.0 registered [ 26.068783] ip6_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team [ 28.158848] postgres (1900): /proc/1900/oom_adj is deprecated, please use /proc/1900/oom_score_adj instead. [ 29.840079] xenbr0: no IPv6 routers present [ 31.502916] type=1400 audit(1344097919.088:20): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=1984 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=1989 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 34.336141] xenbr0: port 1(eth0) entering forwarding state [ 38.424359] Event-channel device installed. [ 38.853077] XENBUS: Unable to read cpu state [ 38.854215] XENBUS: Unable to read cpu state [ 38.855231] XENBUS: Unable to read cpu state [ 38.858891] XENBUS: Unable to read cpu state [ 47.411497] device vif1.0 entered promiscuous mode [ 47.429245] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): vif1.0: link is not ready [ 49.366219] virbr0: port 1(vif1.0) entering disabled state [ 49.366705] virbr0: port 1(vif1.0) entering disabled state [ 49.368873] virbr0: mixed no checksumming and other settings. [ 97.273028] type=1400 audit(1344097984.861:21): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3076 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=3078 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 277.790627] type=1400 audit(1344098165.377:22): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3384 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=3389 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=0 ouid=0 [ 287.812986] type=1400 audit(1344098175.401:23): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3325 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/root/tmp-gjnX0c0dDa" pid=3400 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=0 ouid=0 [ 287.818466] type=1400 audit(1344098175.405:24): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3325 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/root/tmp-CpOtH52qU5" pid=3400 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=0 ouid=0 [ 323.166228] type=1400 audit(1344098210.753:25): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3422 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=3427 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 386.512586] type=1400 audit(1344098274.101:26): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3456 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=3459 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=0 ouid=0 [ 808.549049] type=1400 audit(1344098696.137:27): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3872 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=3877 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 894.671081] type=1400 audit(1344098782.257:28): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3922 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=3927 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 968.514669] type=1400 audit(1344098856.101:29): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3978 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=3983 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1021.814582] type=1400 audit(1344098909.401:30): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4010 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4012 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1063.856633] type=1400 audit(1344098951.445:31): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4041 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4043 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1085.404001] type=1400 audit(1344098972.989:32): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4072 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4077 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1108.207402] type=1400 audit(1344098995.793:33): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4102 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4107 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1156.947189] type=1400 audit(1344099044.533:34): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4134 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4136 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1166.768005] type=1400 audit(1344099054.353:35): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4150 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4155 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1168.873385] type=1400 audit(1344099056.461:36): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4162 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4167 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1181.558946] type=1400 audit(1344099069.145:37): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4177 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4182 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=0 ouid=0 [ 1199.349265] type=1400 audit(1344099086.937:38): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4191 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4196 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=0 ouid=0 [ 1296.805604] type=1400 audit(1344099184.393:39): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4232 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4237 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1317.730568] type=1400 audit(1344099205.317:40): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3325 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/tmp-nuBes0IXwi" pid=4251 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1317.730744] type=1400 audit(1344099205.317:41): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3325 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/tmp-ZDJA06ZOkU" pid=4252 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1365.072687] type=1400 audit(1344099252.661:42): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3325 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/tmp-EnsuYUrGOC" pid=4290 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1365.074520] type=1400 audit(1344099252.661:43): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3325 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/tmp-LVCnpWOStP" pid=4287 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1380.336984] type=1400 audit(1344099267.925:44): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4617 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4622 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1437.924534] type=1400 audit(1344099325.513:45): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3325 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/tmp-Uyf1dHIZUU" pid=4648 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1437.924626] type=1400 audit(1344099325.513:46): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3325 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/tmp-OABXWclII3" pid=4647 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1526.334959] type=1400 audit(1344099413.921:47): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4749 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4754 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=0 ouid=0 [ 1601.292548] type=1400 audit(1344099488.881:48): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4835 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4840 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=0 ouid=0 [ 1639.543733] type=1400 audit(1344099527.129:49): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4905 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4907 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1916.381179] type=1400 audit(1344099803.969:50): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4959 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4961 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 1940.816898] type=1400 audit(1344099828.405:51): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=4991 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=4996 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 2043.010898] type=1400 audit(1344099930.597:52): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=5048 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=5053 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=107 ouid=107 [ 2084.956230] type=1400 audit(1344099972.545:53): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3325 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/tmp-XYgr33RqUt" pid=5069 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=0 ouid=0 [ 2084.959120] type=1400 audit(1344099972.545:54): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=3325 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/tmp-vO24RHwL14" pid=5066 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=0 ouid=0 [ 2088.169500] type=1400 audit(1344099975.757:55): apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" parent=5076 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=5078 comm="named" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=0 ouid=0 [ 2165.625096] type=1400 audit(1344100053.213:56): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=5124 comm="apparmor" [ 2165.625401] type=1400 audit(1344100053.213:57): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=5124 comm="apparmor" [ 2165.625608] type=1400 audit(1344100053.213:58): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=5124 comm="apparmor" [ 2165.625782] type=1400 audit(1344100053.213:59): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/lib/libvirt/virt-aa-helper" pid=5124 comm="apparmor" [ 2165.625931] type=1400 audit(1344100053.213:60): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/libvirtd" pid=5124 comm="apparmor" [ 2165.626057] type=1400 audit(1344100053.213:61): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/mysqld" pid=5124 comm="apparmor" [ 2165.626181] type=1400 audit(1344100053.213:62): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/named" pid=5124 comm="apparmor" [ 2165.626319] type=1400 audit(1344100053.213:63): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/tcpdump" pid=5124 comm="apparmor" [ 3709.583927] type=1400 audit(1344101597.169:64): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/libvirtd" pid=7484 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3709.839895] type=1400 audit(1344101597.425:65): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/mysqld" pid=7485 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3710.008892] type=1400 audit(1344101597.597:66): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/libvirt/virt-aa-helper" pid=7483 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3710.545232] type=1400 audit(1344101598.133:67): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/named" pid=7486 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3710.655600] type=1400 audit(1344101598.241:68): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=7481 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3710.656013] type=1400 audit(1344101598.241:69): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=7481 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3710.656786] type=1400 audit(1344101598.245:70): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=7481 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3710.832624] type=1400 audit(1344101598.421:71): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/tcpdump" pid=7488 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3717.573123] type=1400 audit(1344101605.161:72): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" parent=7505 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=7510 comm="named" requested_mask="ac" denied_mask="ac" fsuid=107 ouid=0 [ 3743.667808] type=1400 audit(1344101631.253:73): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=7552 comm="apparmor" [ 3743.668338] type=1400 audit(1344101631.257:74): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=7552 comm="apparmor" [ 3743.668625] type=1400 audit(1344101631.257:75): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=7552 comm="apparmor" [ 3743.668834] type=1400 audit(1344101631.257:76): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/lib/libvirt/virt-aa-helper" pid=7552 comm="apparmor" [ 3743.668991] type=1400 audit(1344101631.257:77): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/libvirtd" pid=7552 comm="apparmor" [ 3743.669127] type=1400 audit(1344101631.257:78): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/mysqld" pid=7552 comm="apparmor" [ 3743.669282] type=1400 audit(1344101631.257:79): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/named" pid=7552 comm="apparmor" [ 3743.669520] type=1400 audit(1344101631.257:80): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/tcpdump" pid=7552 comm="apparmor" [ 3873.572336] type=1400 audit(1344101761.161:81): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/libvirtd" pid=7722 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3873.826209] type=1400 audit(1344101761.413:82): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/mysqld" pid=7723 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3873.988181] type=1400 audit(1344101761.577:83): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/libvirt/virt-aa-helper" pid=7721 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3874.520305] type=1400 audit(1344101762.109:84): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=7719 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3874.520736] type=1400 audit(1344101762.109:85): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=7719 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3874.521000] type=1400 audit(1344101762.109:86): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=7719 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3874.528878] type=1400 audit(1344101762.117:87): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/named" pid=7724 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3874.930712] type=1400 audit(1344101762.517:88): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/tcpdump" pid=7726 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3971.744599] type=1400 audit(1344101859.333:89): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/sbin/libvirtd" pid=7899 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3972.009857] type=1400 audit(1344101859.597:90): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/sbin/mysqld" pid=7900 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3972.165297] type=1400 audit(1344101859.753:91): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/libvirt/virt-aa-helper" pid=7898 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3972.587766] type=1400 audit(1344101860.173:92): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/sbin/named" pid=7901 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3972.847189] type=1400 audit(1344101860.433:93): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=7896 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3972.847705] type=1400 audit(1344101860.433:94): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=7896 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3972.848150] type=1400 audit(1344101860.433:95): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=7896 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3973.147889] type=1400 audit(1344101860.733:96): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/sbin/tcpdump" pid=7903 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 3988.863999] type=1400 audit(1344101876.449:97): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" parent=7939 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=7944 comm="named" requested_mask="ac" denied_mask="ac" fsuid=107 ouid=0 [ 4025.826132] type=1400 audit(1344101913.413:98): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=7975 comm="apparmor" [ 4025.826627] type=1400 audit(1344101913.413:99): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=7975 comm="apparmor" [ 4025.826861] type=1400 audit(1344101913.413:100): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=7975 comm="apparmor" [ 4025.827059] type=1400 audit(1344101913.413:101): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/lib/libvirt/virt-aa-helper" pid=7975 comm="apparmor" [ 4025.827214] type=1400 audit(1344101913.413:102): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/libvirtd" pid=7975 comm="apparmor" [ 4025.827352] type=1400 audit(1344101913.413:103): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/mysqld" pid=7975 comm="apparmor" [ 4025.827485] type=1400 audit(1344101913.413:104): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/named" pid=7975 comm="apparmor" [ 4025.827624] type=1400 audit(1344101913.413:105): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/tcpdump" pid=7975 comm="apparmor" [ 4027.862198] type=1400 audit(1344101915.449:106): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/libvirtd" pid=8090 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 4039.500920] audit_printk_skb: 21 callbacks suppressed [ 4039.500932] type=1400 audit(1344101927.089:114): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=8114 comm="apparmor" [ 4039.501413] type=1400 audit(1344101927.089:115): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=8114 comm="apparmor" [ 4039.501672] type=1400 audit(1344101927.089:116): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=8114 comm="apparmor" [ 4039.501861] type=1400 audit(1344101927.089:117): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/lib/libvirt/virt-aa-helper" pid=8114 comm="apparmor" [ 4039.502033] type=1400 audit(1344101927.089:118): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/libvirtd" pid=8114 comm="apparmor" [ 4039.502170] type=1400 audit(1344101927.089:119): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/mysqld" pid=8114 comm="apparmor" [ 4039.502305] type=1400 audit(1344101927.089:120): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/named" pid=8114 comm="apparmor" [ 4039.502442] type=1400 audit(1344101927.089:121): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/tcpdump" pid=8114 comm="apparmor" [ 4041.425405] type=1400 audit(1344101929.013:122): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/libvirt/virt-aa-helper" pid=8240 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 4041.425952] type=1400 audit(1344101929.013:123): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=8238 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 4058.910390] audit_printk_skb: 18 callbacks suppressed [ 4058.910401] type=1400 audit(1344101946.497:130): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=8264 comm="apparmor" [ 4058.910757] type=1400 audit(1344101946.497:131): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=8264 comm="apparmor" [ 4058.910969] type=1400 audit(1344101946.497:132): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=8264 comm="apparmor" [ 4058.911185] type=1400 audit(1344101946.497:133): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/lib/libvirt/virt-aa-helper" pid=8264 comm="apparmor" [ 4058.911335] type=1400 audit(1344101946.497:134): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/libvirtd" pid=8264 comm="apparmor" [ 4058.911595] type=1400 audit(1344101946.497:135): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/mysqld" pid=8264 comm="apparmor" [ 4058.911856] type=1400 audit(1344101946.497:136): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/named" pid=8264 comm="apparmor" [ 4058.912001] type=1400 audit(1344101946.497:137): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_remove" name="/usr/sbin/tcpdump" pid=8264 comm="apparmor" [ 4060.266700] type=1400 audit(1344101947.853:138): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=8391 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 4060.268356] type=1400 audit(1344101947.857:139): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=8391 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 5909.432749] audit_printk_skb: 18 callbacks suppressed [ 5909.432759] type=1400 audit(1344103797.021:146): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" parent=8800 profile="/usr/sbin/named" name="/var/log/query.log" pid=8805 comm="named" requested_mask="ac" denied_mask="ac" fsuid=107 ouid=0 root@zotac:~# What can I do that it still works and I don't have to disable apparmor ?

    Read the article

  • What are the safety benefits of a type system?

    - by vandros526
    In Javascript: The Good Parts by Douglas Crockford, he mentions in his inheritance chapter, "The other benefit of classical inheritance is that it includes the specification of a system of types. This mostly frees the programmer from having to write explicit casting operations, which is a very good thing because when casting, the safety benefits of a type system are lost." So first of all, what actually is safety? protection against data corruption, or hackers, or system malfunctions, etc? What are the safety benefits of a type system? What makes a type system different that allows it to provide these safety benefits?

    Read the article

  • Converting Generic Type into reference type after checking its type using GetType(). How ?

    - by Shantanu Gupta
    i am trying to call a function that is defined in a class RFIDeas_Wrapper(dll being used). But when i checked for type of reader and after that i used it to call function it shows me error Cannot convert type T to RFIDeas_Wrapper. EDIT private List<string> GetTagCollection<T>(T Reader) { TagCollection = new List<string>(); if (Reader.GetType() == typeof(RFIDeas_Wrapper)) { ((RFIDeas_Wrapper)Reader).OpenDevice(); // here Reader is of type RFIDeas_Wrapper //, but i m not able to convert Reader into its datatype. string Tag_Id = ((RFIDeas_Wrapper)Reader).TagID(); //Adds Valid Tag Ids into the collection if(Tag_Id!="0") TagCollection.Add(Tag_Id); } else if (Reader.GetType() == typeof(AlienReader)) TagCollection = ((AlienReader)Reader).TagCollection; return TagCollection; } ((RFIDeas_Wrapper)Reader).OpenDevice(); , ((AlienReader)Reader).TagCollection; I want this line to be executed without any issue. As Reader will always be of the type i m specifying. How to make compiler understand the same thing.

    Read the article

  • slicing behaviour question of a list of lists

    - by Lex
    I got a function like def f(): ... ... return [list1, list2] this returns a list of lists [[list1.item1,list1.item2,...],[list2.item1,list2.item2,...]] now when I do the following: for i in range(0,2):print f()[i][0:10] it works and print the lists sliced but if i do print f()[0:2][0:10] then it prints the lists ignoring the [0:10] slicing. Is there any way to make the second form work or do I have to loop every time to get the desired result?

    Read the article

  • Object slicing in Java.

    - by ferrari fan
    Can you take a subclass object and somehow convert it to an object of the same type as the parent class and at the same time slicing all the fields that are not part of the parent class? I know you can do this in C++, but I have no idea how to do it in Java.

    Read the article

  • Issues with time slicing

    - by user12331
    I was trying to see the effect of time slicing. And how it can consume significant amount of time. Actually, I was trying to divide a certain work into number of threads and see the effect. I have a two core processor. So two threads can run in parallel. I was trying to see if I have a work w that is done by 2 threads, and if I have the same work done by t threads with each thread doing w/t of the work. How much does time slicing play a role in it As time slicing is time consuming process, I was expecting that when I do the same work using a two thread process or by a t thread process, the amount of time taken by the t thread process will be more Any suggestions?

    Read the article

  • Python: Implementing slicing in __getitem__

    - by nicotine
    I am trying to implement slice functionality for a class I am making that creates a vector representation. I have this code so far, which I believe will properly implement the slice but whenever I do a call like v[4] where v is a vector python returns an error about not having enough parameters. So I am trying to figure out how to define the getitem class to handle both plain indexes and slicing. def __getitem__(self, start, stop, step): indx = start if stop == None: end = start + 1 else: end = stop if step == None: stride = 1 else: stride = step return self.__data[indx:end:stride]

    Read the article

  • slicing a 2d numpy array

    - by MedicalMath
    The following code: import numpy as p myarr=[[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6]] copy=p.array(myarr) p.mean(copy)[:,1] Is generating the following error message: Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#3>", line 1, in <module> p.mean(copy)[:,1] IndexError: 0-d arrays can only use a single () or a list of newaxes (and a single ...) as an index I looked up the syntax at this link and I seem to be using the correct syntax to slice. However, when I type copy[:,1] into the Python shell, it gives me the following output, which is clearly wrong, and is probably what is throwing the error: array([1, 6, 1, 6, 1, 6, 1, 6, 1, 6, 1, 6, 1, 6, 1, 6, 1, 6]) Can anyone show me how to fix my code so that I can extract the second column and then take the mean of the second column as intended in the original code above? EDIT: Thank you for your solutions. However, my posting was an oversimplification of my real problem. I used your solutions in my real code, and got a new error. Here is my real code with one of your solutions that I tried: filteredSignalArray=p.array(filteredSignalArray) logical=p.logical_and(EndTime-10.0<=matchingTimeArray,matchingTimeArray<=EndTime) finalStageTime=matchingTimeArray.compress(logical) finalStageFiltered=filteredSignalArray.compress(logical) for j in range(len(finalStageTime)): if j == 0: outputArray=[[finalStageTime[j],finalStageFiltered[j]]] else: outputArray+=[[finalStageTime[j],finalStageFiltered[j]]] print 'outputArray[:,1].mean() is: ',outputArray[:,1].mean() And here is the error message that is now being generated by the new code: File "mypath\myscript.py", line 1545, in WriteToOutput10SecondsBeforeTimeMarker print 'outputArray[:,1].mean() is: ',outputArray[:,1].mean() TypeError: list indices must be integers, not tuple Second EDIT: This is solved now that I added: outputArray=p.array(outputArray) above my code. I have been at this too many hours and need to take a break for a while if I am making these kinds of mistakes.

    Read the article

  • Type dependencies vs directory structure

    - by paul
    Something I've been wondering about recently is how to organize types in directories/namespaces w.r.t. their dependencies. One method I've seen, which I believe is the recommendation for both Haskell and .NET (though I can't find the references for this at the moment), is: Type Type/ATypeThatUsesType Type/AnotherTypeThatUsesType My natural inclination, however, is to do the opposite: Type Type/ATypeUponWhichTypeDepends Type/AnotherTypeUponWhichTypeDepends Questions: Is my inclination bass-ackwards? Are there any major benefits/pitfalls of one over the other? Is it just something that depends on the application, e.g. whether you're building a library vs doing normal coding?

    Read the article

  • Accessing type-parameter of a type-parameter

    - by itemState
    i would like to access, in a trait, the type-parameter of a type-parameter of that trait. without adding this "second-order" type-parameter as another "first-order" parameter to the trait. the following illustrates this problem: sealed trait A; sealed trait A1 extends A; sealed trait A2 extends A trait B[ ASpecific <: A ] { type ASpec = ASpecific } trait D[ ASpecific <: A ] extends B[ ASpecific ] trait C[ +BSpecific <: B[ _ <: A ]] { def unaryOp : C[ D[ BSpecific#ASpec ]] } def test( c: C[ B[ A1 ]]) : C[ D[ A1 ]] = c.unaryOp the test fails to compile because apparently, the c.unaryOp has a result of type C[D[A]] and not C[D[A1]], indicating that ASpec is merely a shortcut for _ <: A and does not refer to the specific type parameter. the two-type-parameter solution is simple: sealed trait A; sealed trait A1 extends A; sealed trait A2 extends A trait B[ ASpecific <: A ] trait D[ ASpecific <: A ] extends B[ ASpecific ] trait C[ ASpecific <: A, +BSpecific <: B[ ASpecific ]] { def unaryOp : C[ ASpecific, D[ ASpecific ]] } def test( c: C[ A1, B[ A1 ]]) : C[ A1, D[ A1 ]] = c.unaryOp but i don't understand why i need to clutter my source with this second, obviously redundant, parameter. is there no way to retrieve it from trait B?

    Read the article

  • Python slicing a string using space characters and a maximum length

    - by chrism
    I'd like to slice a string up in a similar way to .split() (so resulting in a list) but in a more intelligent way: I'd like it to split it into chunks that are up to 15 characters, but are not split mid word so: string = 'A string with words' [splitting process takes place] list = ('A string with','words') The string in this example is split between 'with' and 'words' because that's the last place you can split it and the first bit be 15 characters or less.

    Read the article

  • Slicing a time range into parts

    - by beporter
    First question. Be gentle. I'm working on software that tracks technicians' time spent working on tasks. The software needs to be enhanced to recognize different billable rate multipliers based on the day of the week and the time of day. (For example, "Time and a half after 5 PM on weekdays.") The tech using the software is only required to log the date, his start time and his stop time (in hours and minutes). The software is expected to break the time entry into parts at the boundaries of when the rate multipliers change. A single time entry is not permitted to span multiple days. Here is a partial sample of the rate table. The first-level array keys are the days of the week, obviously. The second-level array keys represent the time of the day when the new multiplier kicks in, and runs until the next sequential entry in the array. The array values are the multiplier for that time range. [rateTable] => Array ( [Monday] => Array ( [00:00:00] => 1.5 [08:00:00] => 1 [17:00:00] => 1.5 [23:59:59] => 1 ) [Tuesday] => Array ( [00:00:00] => 1.5 [08:00:00] => 1 [17:00:00] => 1.5 [23:59:59] => 1 ) ... ) In plain English, this represents a time-and-a-half rate from midnight to 8 am, regular rate from 8 to 5 pm, and time-and-a-half again from 5 till 11:59 pm. The time that these breaks occur may be arbitrary to the second and there can be an arbitrary number of them for each day. (This format is entirely negotiable, but my goal is to make it as easily human-readable as possible.) As an example: a time entry logged on Monday from 15:00:00 (3 PM) to 21:00:00 (9 PM) would consist of 2 hours billed at 1x and 4 hours billed at 1.5x. It is also possible for a single time entry to span multiple breaks. Using the example rateTable above, a time entry from 6 AM to 9 PM would have 3 sub-ranges from 6-8 AM @ 1.5x, 8AM-5PM @ 1x, and 5-9 PM @ 1.5x. By contrast, it's also possible that a time entry may only be from 08:15:00 to 08:30:00 and be entirely encompassed in the range of a single multiplier. I could really use some help coding up some PHP (or at least devising an algorithm) that can take a day of the week, a start time and a stop time and parse into into the required subparts. It would be ideal to have the output be an array that consists of multiple entries for a (start,stop,multiplier) triplet. For the above example, the output would be: [output] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [start] => 15:00:00 [stop] => 17:00:00 [multiplier] => 1 ) [1] => Array ( [start] => 17:00:00 [stop] => 21:00:00 [multiplier] => 1.5 ) ) I just plain can't wrap my head around the logic of splitting a single (start,stop) into (potentially) multiple subparts.

    Read the article

  • C++ polymorphism and slicing

    - by Draco Ater
    The following code, prints out Derived Base Base But I need every Derived object put into User::items, call its own print function, but not the base class one. Can I achieve that without using pointers? If it is not possible, how should I write the function that deletes User::items one by one and frees memory, so that there should not be any memory leaks? #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <algorithm> using namespace std; class Base{ public: virtual void print(){ cout << "Base" << endl;} }; class Derived: public Base{ public: void print(){ cout << "Derived" << endl;} }; class User{ public: vector<Base> items; void add_item( Base& item ){ item.print(); items.push_back( item ); items.back().print(); } }; void fill_items( User& u ){ Derived d; u.add_item( d ); } int main(){ User u; fill_items( u ); u.items[0].print(); }

    Read the article

  • Change type of control by type

    - by Ruben
    Hi, I'm having following problem. I should convert a control to a certain type, this can be multiple types (for example a custom button or a custom label, ....) Here's an example of what i would like to do: private void ConvertToTypeAndUseCustomProperty(Control c) { Type type = c.getType(); ((type) c).CustomPropertieOfControl = 234567; } Thanks in advance.

    Read the article

  • IIS website is sending multiple content-type headers for zip files

    - by frankadelic
    We have a problem with an IIS5 server. When certain users/browsers click to download .zip files, binary gibberish text sometimes renders in the browser window. The desired behavior is for the file to either download or open with the associated zip application. Initially, we suspected that the wrong content-type header was set on the file. The IIS tech confirmed that .zip files were being served by IIS with the mime-type "application/x-zip-compressed". However, an inspection of the HTTP packets using Wireshark reveals that requests for zip files return two Content-Type headers. Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Content-Type: application/x-zip-compressed Any idea why IIS is sending two content-type headers? This doesn't happen for regular HTML or images files. It does happen with ZIP and PDF. Is there a particular place we can ask the IIS tech to look? Or is there a configuration file we can examine?

    Read the article

  • Converting raw data type to enumerated type

    - by Jim Lahman
    There are times when an enumerated type is preferred over using the raw data type.  An example of using a scheme is when we need to check the health of x-ray gauges in use on a production line.  Rather than using a scheme like 0, 1 and 2, we can use an enumerated type: 1: /// <summary> 2: /// POR Healthy status indicator 3: /// </summary> 4: /// <remarks>The healthy status is for each POR x-ray gauge; each has its own status.</remarks> 5: [Flags] 6: public enum POR_HEALTH : short 7: { 8: /// <summary> 9: /// POR1 healthy status indicator 10: /// </summary> 11: POR1 = 0, 12: /// <summary> 13: /// POR2 healthy status indicator 14: /// </summary> 15: POR2 = 1, 16: /// <summary> 17: /// Both POR1 and POR2 healthy status indicator 18: /// </summary> 19: BOTH = 2 20: } By using the [Flags] attribute, we are treating the enumerated type as a bit mask.  We can then use bitwise operations such as AND, OR, NOT etc. . Now, when we want to check the health of a specific gauge, we would rather use the name of the gauge than the numeric identity; it makes for better reading and programming practice. To translate the numeric identity to the enumerated value, we use the Parse method of Enum class: POR_HEALTH GaugeHealth = (POR_HEALTH) Enum.Parse(typeof(POR_HEALTH), XrayMsg.Gauge_ID.ToString()); The Parse method creates an instance of the enumerated type.  Now, we can use the name of the gauge rather than the numeric identity: 1: if (GaugeHealth == POR_HEALTH.POR1 || GaugeHealth == POR_HEALTH.BOTH) 2: { 3: XrayHealthyTag.Name = Properties.Settings.Default.POR1XRayHealthyTag; 4: } 5: else if (GaugeHealth == POR_HEALTH.POR2) 6: { 7: XrayHealthyTag.Name = Properties.Settings.Default.POR2XRayHealthyTag; 8: }

    Read the article

  • Why to say, my function is of IFly type rather than saying it's Airplane type

    - by Vishwas Gagrani
    Say, I have two classes: Airplane and Bird, both of them fly. Both implement the interface IFly. IFly declares a function StartFlying(). Thus both Airplane and Bird have to define the function, and use it as per their requirement. Now when I make a manual for class reference, what should I write for the function StartFlying? 1) StartFlying is a function of type IFly . 2) StartFlying is a function of type Airplane 3) StartFlying is a function of type Bird. My opinion is 2 and 3 are more informative. But what i see is that class references use the 1st one. They say what interface the function is declared in. Problem is, I really don't get any usable information from knowing StartFlying is IFly type. However, knowing that StartFlying is a function inside Airplane and Bird, is more informative, as I can decide which instance (Airplane or Bird ) to use. Any lights on this: how saying StartFlying is a function of type IFly, can help a programmer understanding how to use the function?

    Read the article

  • determine complex type from a primitive type using reflection

    - by Nilotpal Das
    I am writing a tool where I need to reflect upon methods and if the parameters of the methods are complex type, then I need to certain type of actions such as instantiating them etc. Now I saw the IsPrimitive property in the Type variable. However, it shows string and decimal as complex types, which technically isn't incorrect. However what I really want is to be able to distinguish developer created class types from system defined data types. Is there any way that I can do this?

    Read the article

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12  | Next Page >