Is this (Lock-Free) Queue Implementation Thread-Safe?

Posted by Hosam Aly on Stack Overflow See other posts from Stack Overflow or by Hosam Aly
Published on 2009-10-27T23:44:09Z Indexed on 2010/04/01 7:53 UTC
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I am trying to create a lock-free queue implementation in Java, mainly for personal learning. The queue should be a general one, allowing any number of readers and/or writers concurrently.

Would you please review it, and suggest any improvements/issues you find?

Thank you.

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;

public class LockFreeQueue<T> {
    private static class Node<E> {
        E value;
        volatile Node<E> next;

        Node(E value) {
            this.value = value;
        }
    }

    private AtomicReference<Node<T>> head, tail;

    public LockFreeQueue() {
        // have both head and tail point to a dummy node
        Node<T> dummyNode = new Node<T>(null);
        head = new AtomicReference<Node<T>>(dummyNode);
        tail = new AtomicReference<Node<T>>(dummyNode);
    }

    /**
     * Puts an object at the end of the queue.
     */
    public void putObject(T value) {
        Node<T> newNode = new Node<T>(value);
        Node<T> prevTailNode = tail.getAndSet(newNode);
        prevTailNode.next = newNode;
    }

    /**
     * Gets an object from the beginning of the queue. The object is removed
     * from the queue. If there are no objects in the queue, returns null.
     */
    public T getObject() {
        Node<T> headNode, valueNode;

        // move head node to the next node using atomic semantics
        // as long as next node is not null
        do {
            headNode = head.get();
            valueNode = headNode.next;
            // try until the whole loop executes pseudo-atomically
            // (i.e. unaffected by modifications done by other threads)
        } while (valueNode != null && !head.compareAndSet(headNode, valueNode));

        T value = (valueNode != null ? valueNode.value : null);

        // release the value pointed to by head, keeping the head node dummy
        if (valueNode != null)
            valueNode.value = null;

        return value;
}

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