Even before I learnt programming I've been fascinated with how robots could work. Now I know how the underlying programming instructions would be written, but what I don't understand is how those intructions are followed by the robot.

For example, if I wrote this code:

object=Robot.ScanSurroundings(300,400);
if (Objects.isEatable(object))
{
   Robot.moveLeftArm(300,400);
   Robot.pickObject(object);
}

How would this program be followed by the CPU in a way that would make the robot do the physical action of looking to the left, moving his arm, and such? Is it done primarily in binary language/ASM?

Lastly, where would i go if I wanted to learn how to create a robot?